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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Professional sports'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 31 July 2024

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1

Kaye, Fern V. (Fern Victoria). "Status Determinants for Professional Sports and Professional Athletes." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279295/.

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The purposes of the investigation were to determine if status of professional sports and professional athletes increases as male participation increases, if perceived status of 'athlete' increases with participation in sports that contain 'male' attributes, and if gender differences are related to status indicators. Sixty-eight students were administered a status-determinants questionnaire. A one-way ANOVA (gender) and a 2 x 12 ANOVA (gender x sport) were employed to determine status ratings of sports. A 3 x 2 (increase/decrease/no change x gender) Chi square was employed to determine status of sports, perceived masculinity of males/femininity of females, and status of the athlete related to gender attributes of sports.

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2

Ortiz, Mauricio. "Do Professional Sports Franchises And Professional Sports Stadiums Have Any Effect On Employment In A City?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33950.

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With the increasing involvement of state and local governments in the professional sports industry over the last quarter of a century, the debate has arisen over whether the luring of a professional sports franchise or the construction of a stadium for a professional sports franchise provides any type of significant economic stimulus to a city. There are those who have engaged in this debate who believe the potential impact of these events to be significant and positive for a city. There are others who believe the potential impact of these events to be insignificant and/or negative for a city. The goal of this thesis is to add to the debate by presenting an econometric analysis of whether or not introducing a professional sports franchise and/or constructing a stadium for a professional sports franchise has any effect on a city's employment level. Our research based on taking data for each of the four major professional sports (Basketball, Baseball, Football, and Hockey) for various cities from 1979 to 1999 provides some very interesting results. The results of our econometric analysis suggest that building a new football stadium in a city or luring a basketball or hockey franchise into a city has a negative impact on a city's employment growth rate. However, our results also indicate that building a new basketball or hockey arena in a city for a current franchise or attracting a new football franchise to a city has a positive impact on a city's employment growth rate. Our research concludes that depending on the professional sport and the event involved the impact on employment in a city may be positive, negative, or not significant at all. Results that to a certain degree contradict previous econometric studies on the subject.
Master of Arts

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3

Hudson, Ian. "Public subsidization of professional sports teams." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape7/PQDD_0015/NQ45001.pdf.

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4

Yingling, Eric P. "Professional Sports and Congress: Steroid Abuse." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2012. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/413.

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I have examined the relationship between the U.S. Congress and professional sports—specifically, Major League Baseball. The focus of this examination was on the abuse of steroids in professional sports, and how certain constitutional limitations on Congress inhibited direct mandates on drug testing for individual players due to the Fourth Amendment. I have concluded that due to major league sports being for-profit ventures, economic motivations in the form of tax incentives were the most effective way for Congress to implement a tougher drug testing policy without violating the Fourth Amendment.

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5

Mongeon, Kevin P. "Economic competition and the production of winning in professional sports." Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2010. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Dissertations/Spring2010/K_Mongeon_1041310.pdf.

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6

Lang, Markus. "The economics of professional team sports leagues /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2008. http://opac.nebis.ch/cgi-bin/showAbstract.pl?u20=9783832268022.

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7

Kringstad, Morten. "Competitive balance in complex professional sports leagues." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/681/.

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Competitive balance is seen as crucial to the viability of professional sports leagues, and it has been a central concern of sports economists, industry practitioners and fans. But the concept is complex and ill-defined. The theoretical approach in this thesis is to first analyse competitive balance in a simple league context. It is shown that even in a closed round-robin league with a single prize (i. e. league championship), there are three dimensions of competitive balance: win dispersion, performancc persistence and prize concentration. Further extensions to this three-dimensional approach are required when the analysis moves to complex real-world league structures which are typically multiprize tournaments,with host-season playoffs and often open merit hierarchies with promotion und relegation. A new concept of competitive intensity is introduced. The three-dimensional approach is applied to the empirical analysis of competitive balance in European (association) football and the North American Major Leagues, It is found that cross-league comparisons of competitive balance are dependent on the dimension analysed. Win dispersion is better in the Big Five European domestic football leagues compared to the Major Leagues, but the reverse is found for championship concentration. The Major Leagues are also found to be more competitive in respect of the concentration of post-season playoff qualification. Differences in competitive balance are found between the European domestic football leagues. The causes of these cross-league differences are investigated with regression analysis. Again the results are highly dependent on the specific dimension of competitive balance. Win dispersion is significantly associated with national geographic and economic characteristics as well as league structure. Time-series analysis is undertaken to study changes over time in competitive balance in the top divisions of the Norwegian and English football leagues. The results are most significant for the English league, and run counter to the predictions of the invariance principle.

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8

Kloow, Christopher. "The Economics of Sport : The impact of professional sports on the local economy." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-15579.

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Economics of sport is not an extensively well covered subject in Sweden and the purpose of this study is to examine the impact of professional sport on the local economy, and also shed some light on the situation of this subject in Sweden. Seven municipalities housing a professional hockey team and seven municipalities without any hockey team was compared and analysed to view any differ-ence of two sets of local economies. The finding was that professional sport has no effect on the number of workers in the restaurant sector. This sector act as an indicator on how the local economy was affected. Therefore, the local government should not motivate investments and subsidies aimed at profes-sional sport with the promises that it will increase income and job in the municipalities.

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9

Wallrafen, Tim [Verfasser]. "Demand for professional and semi-professional sports leagues – on the relevance of substitution within and between sports / Tim Wallrafen." Tübingen : Universitätsbibliothek Tübingen, 2021. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:21-dspace-1184795.

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10

Dauber, Joanna. "Take me out to the ball game an analysis the of [sic] economic impacts on professional sports /." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/3621.

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11

Stahler, Ariel R. "Parasocial Relationships Between Sports Fans and Professional Athletes." Kent State University Honors College / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ksuhonors1575907648474977.

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12

Frontiera, Joe. "Leadership and organizational culture transformation in professional sport." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2008. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5945.

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13

Werner, Stephan Klaus. "The institutional and behavioral economics of professional sports leagues /." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://aleph.unisg.ch/hsgscan/hm00263096.pdf.

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14

Ferguson, Howie Scott. "The construction of professional sports arenas: funding and politics." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/8148.

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This report attempts to analyze the many dynamics of professional sports as they relate to the construction of arenas and stadiums by examining: (1) The reasons sports teams are viewed with such importance by the cities that have, or wish to have, them; (2) why the stadiums and arenas they play in, and the revenues these venues produce, are of such interest to the teams; (3) how these facilities actually produce the much-desired revenues; (4) how many of today's stadium projects are funded; and (5) the tangential issues interacting with pro sports that may affect future stadium projects and the leagues themselves

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15

Lang, Markus [Verfasser]. "The Economics of Professional Team Sports Leagues / Markus Lang." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1164340840/34.

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16

Foreman, Sean Daniel. "The politics of professional sports facility subsidies in Florida." FIU Digital Commons, 2003. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3338.

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Political leaders in urban settings regularly confront difficult decisions over how to distribute public funds. Those decisions may be even more controversial when they involve public subsidies of professional sports facilities. Yet, state and local governments in the United States have granted billions of dollars in financial and land-based subsidies for professional sports facilities over the past two decades, raising questions about how these types of corporate welfare decisions are made by local leaders. Scholarship on urban politics and community power suggests a number of theories to explain political influence. They include elitism, pluralism, political economy and growth machines, urban regimes, coalition theory, and minority empowerment. My hypothesis is that coalition theory, a theory that argues that public policy decisions are made by shifting, ad hoc alliances within a community, best describes these subsidy decisions. To test this hypothesis I employ a public policy process model and develop a framework of variables that is used to methodically examine four sports facilities funding decisions in two Florida counties between 1977 and 1998: Joe Robbie Stadium and the American Airlines Arena in Miami-Dade, and the Ice Palace Arena and the Raymond James Stadium in Hillsborough County. The framework includes six variables that permit a rigorous examination of the actors involved in the decision, their interactions, and the political environment within which they operate. The variables are formal political structure, informal sector, subsidy proponents, subsidy opponents, public policy options, and public opinion. This research rests on qualitative data gathered from interviews of public and private officials involved in subsidy decisions, public records, and media reports Employing a case study analysis, I offer a rich description of the decision making process to publicly fond sports stadiums and arenas in Florida. My findings confirm that the best theory to explain decisions to subsidize sports facilities is one in which short term, temporary coalitions are formed to accomplish policy goals.

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17

Allen, Megan. "Twitter usage by professional sports teams: A content analysis." Scholarly Commons, 2015. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/199.

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Twitter has become a foremost public relations tool due to its capacity to facilitate two-way communication; however research suggests few organizations are using it effectively to engage in conversation with their customers (Rybalko & Seltzer, 2010; Briones, Kuch, Liu, & Jin, 2011; Lovejoy, Waters, & Saxon, 2012; Waters & Jamal, 2011). Using Grunig and Hunt's (1984) models of public relations and uses and gratifications theory (Katz, Blumler, & Gurevitch, 1974) as the guiding framework, this study examines how teams in the National Hockey League (NHL) communicate with fans on Twitter. The study used a content analysis and coded 815 team tweets into one of five content themes based on the fan gratification being met. Findings revealed that teams are most likely to meet fans' information needs and use models of press agentry and public information, despite the opportunity for conversation and relationship building Twitter provides. The results indicate there is a lack of two-way conversation being facilitated by NHL teams to build relationships with fans. The results of this study will inform sports teams, as well as other organizations, on current and future communication strategies on social media.

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18

Werner, Stephan Klaus. "The institutional and behavioral economics of professional sports leagues." Aachen Shaker, 2008. http://d-nb.info/993791425/04.

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19

Vialla, Thomas. "La singularité de la relation entre le soignant et le sportif professionnel." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Montpellier (2022-....), 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023UMOND037.

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Du desport au sport, de la distraction au culte volontaire, habituel et risqué de l’exercice physique, de l’amusement à la compétition, de la pratique isolée au sport de masse, du dilettantisme au professionnalisme, l’activité sportive a subi de profonds bouleversements. Pareillement, la relation de soins et la notion d’acte médical se sont métamorphosées. Mécanisme d’encadrement du fait social, le droit ne peut rester indifférent à ces évolutions et, progressivement, vont émerger des disciplines juridiques nouvelles. Répondant à des enjeux et des logiques propres, droit du sport et droit de la santé oscillent entre respect du droit commun et tentation de l'émancipation. Si le sport spectacle de masse n’est pas né tel un Deus ex machina, ce mouvement s’est considérablement intensifié et mondialisé, mobilisant des intérêts économiques colossaux. Le corps et la santé des sportifs deviennent alors le centre de toutes les préoccupations. Conséquemment, la présence médicale auprès des athlètes s’est amplement renforcée jusqu’à devenir omniprésente. A la confluence des activités sportives et médicales, des injonctions paradoxales se font jour. Le praticien doit en effet veiller à la préservation de la santé de l’athlète, tout en cherchant à l’accompagner dans la performance. Cette ambivalence manifeste des objectifs conduit à identifier une singularité de la relation de soins médico-sportive qui influe sur la nature des actes accomplis. Cette confrontation conduit à rechercher un juste équilibre entre les impératifs du droit du sport et ceux du droit de la santé et par-delà à mobiliser la notion de « spécificité sportive » dans l’optique de la construction d’un cadre juridique adapté
From desport to sport, from distraction to the voluntary, habitual and risky cult of physical exercise, from fun to competition, from isolated practice to mass sport, from dilettantism to professionalism, sporting activity has undergone profound upheaval. Similarly, the relationship between care and the notion of the medical act has undergone a metamorphosis. As a mechanism for regulating social phenomena, the law cannot remain indifferent to these developments, and new legal disciplines are gradually emerging. Responding to their own challenges and rationales, sports law and health law oscillate between respect for common law and the temptation of emancipation. Although sport as a mass spectacle did not originate as a Deus ex machina, this movement has intensified and globalised considerably, mobilising colossal economic interests. The body and health of sportsmen and women have become the focus of attention. As a result, the medical presence of athletes has grown to become omnipresent. At the confluence of sporting and medical activities, paradoxical injunctions are emerging. The practitioner must ensure that the athlete's health is preserved, while at the same time seeking to support the athlete's performance. This obvious ambivalence of objectives leads to the identification of a singularity in the medical-sports care relationship which influences the nature of the acts performed. This confrontation leads us to seek a fair balance between the imperatives of sports law and those of health law, justifying the emergence of an appropriate legal framework for the specific nature of sport

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20

Smith, Natalie L., and B. Christine Green. "Examining the Factors Influencing Organizational Creativity in Professional Sport Organizations." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2404.

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21

Hemmelgarn, Mary F. "Franchise Relocation in the Four Major Professional Sports Leagues: An Analysis of General Trends." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/584.

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Over sixty franchise relocations have occurred across the four major professional sports leagues in the United States, Major League Baseball, the National Basketball Association, National Football League and National Hockey League. By taking a look at the changes in four factors that occurred from the pre-move to post-move site of each franchise and move date, years in pre-move location and winning percentage of each franchise pre-move, this paper is able to determine general trends in determining why franchises move from and to particular locations. The six factors that are looked at in this study are standard metropolitan area size, moved date, years in pre-move location, racial demographics, per capita income and unemployment rate.

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22

Brooker, Heather. "Incidence of musculoskeletal injuries in professional dancers." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32453.

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Background: Professional ballet dancers focus on the high levels of discipline, perfection and mobility to achieve the fluid, controlled lines of movement presented on the stage. Dancers undergo long hours of strenuous, repetitive training which increases the risk of developing overuse or traumatic injuries and may compromise the longevity of dancers' careers. Relevant research, particularly in the South African context, is needed to provide recommendations on the intrinsic and extrinsic factors contributing to musculoskeletal injuries in professional ballet dancers. Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the incidence of musculoskeletal injuries and their associated risk factors over a three-month period in adult female professional ballet dancers in South Africa. Specific Objectives: The specific objectives of this study were: • To determine the incidence of traumatic and overuse injuries per 1000 dance hours over a three-month training and performance period in South African female professional ballet dancers; • To determine the relationships between a) Functional Lower Extremity Evaluation (FLEE) scores and injury incidence; b) intrinsic factors (amenorrhoea; body mass index; skinfold measurements; caloric intake) and injury incidence; and c) extrinsic factors (training hours; performance hours) and injury incidence respectively, in South African female professional ballet dancers. Methods: This study had a prospective, descriptive design. Eighteen female dancers were recruited from professional dance companies in the Gauteng, Western Cape and North West provinces of South Africa. Data were collected over a three-month period and included a subjective questionnaire, three-day food diary, skinfold measurements and the Functional Lower Extremity Evaluation (FLEE). Injuries were reported using an injury reporting form over the three-month period. Results: Participants had an average age of 22.1 ± 3.0 years. The dancers had an average BMI of 21.4 ± 2.1 kg.m⁻²; LBM of 41.7 ± 4.9 kg and body fat percentage of 24.7% ± 2.9%. Injury incidence was 3.3 injuries per 1000 dance hours with a total of 4605.58 hours reported overall. Of the 15 injuries reported, 13 occurred in the lower limb, with eight in the ankle and foot. Overuse injuries accounted for 93.3% of the total injuries, with only one traumatic injury reported. None of the descriptive characteristics was associated with increased injury risk. The average caloric intake of 1810.0 ± 503.7 calories, while lower than what is recommended for female athletes, also showed no significant relationship to injury. There were also no significant associations between pre-injury FLEE measurements and training loads; and injury incidence over the course of the study. Conclusion: An overall injury incidence of 3.3 injuries per 1000 dance hours was found in professional female ballet dancers in South Africa, which is higher than the injury incidences identified in previous studies in high-income countries. With regards to injury profile, overuse injuries are 86% more prevalent than traumatic injuries among this population type. We were unable to identify any intrinsic or extrinsic risk factors associated with injury incidence; however, we recognise the limitations of the small sample size in this study. With a high level of injury incidence and inconclusive results on injury risk factors, there is a clear need for significant further research in the field of injury prevention in professional ballet dancing. Further, this study identified a strong need for further research in South African dance companies to facilitate injury prevention and management in South Africa.

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23

Igo, Andrew Lewis. "Site selection and financing of professional sports stadiums and arenas." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22338.

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24

Douglas, Cameron (Cameron David). "Luck and skill in professional League of Legends (E-sports)." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/119960.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2018.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 35-36).
As professional gaming (e-sports) develops a greater global infrastructure, it will be critical to create league systems in which skill and luck balance to create competitive, exciting, and fair environments. This study uses the most developed e-sport leagues, found in the game League of Legends (LoL), to examine early efforts at crafting such environments. The use of "winning persistence" and Bayesian statistical analyses reveal that best-of-one matches in LoL demonstrate an overall luck-skill ratio similar to professional baseball (MLB) and football (NFL). Best-of-three matches exhibit an understandably higher ratio of skill, similar to professional basketball (NBA). With both match lengths exhibiting viable but significantly different luck-skill ratios, LoL creator, Riot Games has the tools to control how much luck and skill exist in their matches and leagues, setting an important precedent for future leagues and organizations.
by Cameron Douglas.
S.B.

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25

Corwin, Charles S. "Impacts of professional sports stadium development projects on urban areas." Kansas State University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/8523.

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Master of Regional and Community Planning
Department of Landscape Architecture/Regional and Community Planning
Jae Hong Kim
Professional sports stadium development projects are major civic endeavors, and city officials and sports franchises often promise stadiums will generate significant gains in the regional economy. This study examines the effectiveness of stadium development in inducing economic development and urban revitalization by conducting a secondary data analysis, and case study of PNC Park and Heinz Field in Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. Consistent with prior empirical studies, the secondary data analysis shows that stadium projects do not always produce significant regional economic benefits. A close investigation of the two stadium projects in the North Shore neighborhood of Pittsburgh, however, finds substantially positive effects on investment and physical development at the district level. The present research suggests that stadium developments can be a more powerful urban redevelopment catalyst when consideration is given to four essential factors – location, design, institutional structure, and history and timing.

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26

Greene, Amanda E. "Utilization of a Professional Sport Venue to Create Positive Change Within a Community." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4955.

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27

Baker, Catherine Elizabeth. "An ethnographic enquiry into the use of sports science and technologies in professional rugby." Thesis, Durham University, 2012. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/4926/.

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Sports Science and Sports Medicine are becoming an inherent part of the landscape of high performance sports environments. Such is their visibility, that there are currently over 25,000 students training as sports scientists alone; a number greater than the other classical sciences combined. Through an ethnographic study of two professional rugby teams over the course of 12 months, it is shown that the ways in which these technologies and knowledge are deployed in the field differ substantially from their academic and philosophical basis. Drawing upon the work of Foucault, Goffman and Bourdieu, it is suggested that the use of science and technologies within the Medical and Strength and Conditioning departments alters in light of the physical location, the staff involved and the perceived attachment of these tools to higher order knowledge structures derived from beyond the immediate field of enquiry. Moreover, it is argued that the justification for the adoption of ‘science’ in these specific subcultural domains more often relates to social, political and operative means rather than the theoretical bases cited. A typology of use is presented in an effort to clarify the factors affecting the use of Sports Science and Sports Medicine in elite sport, and the implications that these have for the staff, athletes and serving knowledge bases. Notions of identity, surveillance and self governance are central in understanding the relative ease with which technologies of performance have managed to infiltrate the studied environments, and it is posited that similarities may exist in other cultures synonymous with elite sport. This is an ethnography of ‘science in action’.

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28

Swain, Derek A. "The experience of withdrawing from professional sport." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/31099.

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A case study approach was used to generate a description and an understanding of the experience of withdrawal from a career in professional sport. The informants were ten males who had withdrawn from their careers during the years from 1976 to 1987 inclusive. The informants were selected from team and individual sports, involving four key informants from each of hockey and thoroughbred horse racing, plus one subsidiary informant from each of football and racquetball. Narratives rich in description were derived from personal interviews and were validated by the respective informants. These narratives were synthesized into a general story of voluntary withdrawal from sport which reflects both common experience and turning points for varying plots. This general story was validated by the informants as well as an expert authority who has been professionally involved in sport for some thirty-six years. Withdrawal from sport was a process which frequently began soon after the athletes became engaged in the career. When confronted with a variety of catalytic events which reminded them that the career was short-term, they addressed the potential for withdrawal in varying fashion and typically re-immersed themselves in the career. The potential eventually became more immediate, more urgent but frequently arose in the context of an enlarged perspective on the self and the profession. Thus, they were confronted with both internal and external pressures for change. As they began to assess their prospects for life after sport, they often became concerned about perceived limitations. They experienced a period of great confusion and indecision which was the most difficult and trying component of the story. In the middle of the story, the athletes frequently sought direction in their careers, scrutinized the profession more carefully, and uncharacteristically reached out to others for ideas and support. Eventually, a culmination point arose, resulting in a decision to withdraw. The athletes were typically relieved by this decision because they were weary of their confusion and often were weary of the physical and emotional demands of the career. A variety of new career opportunities were available to them. Some were planned and some were unexpected. Chance encounters played an important part in the process of leaving sport. The story ended with the establishment and acceptance of a post-sport career and lifestyle. In reflecting on the decision to withdraw, the athletes were typically glad that they quit when they did, even though they were reluctant to do so at the time. Their withdrawal allowed them to preserve health, self-respect, and the regard of others. It also allowed them to develop other competencies and to express a more nurturant dimension of themselves as their interests had turned toward their emerging family lives. Most have found the transition to a new career and lifestyle relatively easy, frequently accepting a more modest lifestyle than they had experienced as professional athletes and usually finding some means to continue their participation in sport in a recreational or leadership capacity. The study includes several theoretical implications which reinforce the importance of contextual considerations, the significance of chance encounters, and the changing personal meaning of work in life paths. The study supports criticisms of the traditional expectations that a career should follow a rising trajectory, as well as criticisms of the application to this topic of theoretical perspectives borrowed from social gerontology and thanatology. Furthermore, the study finds no evidence to support the contention that this experience is extraordinary and traumatic. Rather, the experience seems to be characteristic of transitions in general. The study supports and offers extensions to Schlossberg's (1984) model of transitions. The practical implications of the study include the utility of the general story as a model, knowledge base, and alternative perspective for individuals experiencing similar transitions and their helping practitioners. Recommendations for interventions include the use of Schlossberg's content-process model as a framework to assist individuals through a transitional experience such as leaving professional sport.
Education, Faculty of
Educational and Counselling Psychology, and Special Education (ECPS), Department of
Graduate

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29

Price-Rhea, Kelly. "Beauty and Women's Professional Golf." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/2761.

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30

Horvath, Stephanie Grace. "The Roles, Responsibilities, and Perceptions of Registered Dietitians in Sports Nutrition." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1302615074.

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31

Castronova, John. "The economic effects of sports stadiums and franchises." Diss., Connect to the thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10066/989.

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32

Holtzhausen, Louis Johannes. "The epidemiology of injuries in professional rugby union in South Africa." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/26510.

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The first aim of this study was therefore to review the available literature on the epidem iology of injuries in professional rugby. The second aim was to collect data on medical profiles, previous injuries, use of protective gear, medication and nutritional supplements in South African professional rugby players. Thirdly, the incidence, nature and circumstances surrounding injuries in a cohort of professional South African rugby players were documented. The data collected was compared with available literature.

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33

Evans, Daniel, and mikewood@deakin edu au. "The internet and competitive advantage in Australian professional sport organisations." Deakin University. Bowater School of Management and Marketing, 2002. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20050825.144334.

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The electronic revolution has proven to be a powerful stimulus for change in business practice. As a business tool however, the Internet must endure the same scrutiny under which other business activities are placed. If the use of the Internet in business is a sound strategy, then it must contribute toward competitive advantage. The sport business industry has not been isolated from the vagaries of Internet applications. Moreover, as the industry has become more competitive, forcing sporting organisations towards unprecedented levels of accountability and business practice, the Internet has been increasingly seen as a potential 'holy grail' for sport organisations struggling for revenue (Stewart & Smith, 1999). This research is a response to these pressures. It seeks to identify Internet based opportunities for competitive advantage, and to provide strategies and recommendations for the successful use of the Internet in Australian professional sport organisations. In realising this objective, a newly developed and integrated Business Activity Model has been constructed. The model assists in the identification of specific Internet based competitive advantage strategies, and provides a theoretical framework for this research. The Business Activity Model conceptualises, for the first time, the relationships between the value chain, constituents of electronically enabled competitive advantage, and the Internet. With Australia's limited group of fully professional sports capable of sustaining the human resources and budgets necessary to implement comprehensive e-commerce strategies, the organisations selected to participate in this research represent the pinnacle of Australian professional sport clubs. Specifically, the 55 clubs competing in the Australian Football League (A.F.L.), National Basketball League (N.B.L.), National Rugby League (N.R.L.), and National Soccer League (N.S.L.) constituted the research sample and population. In concert with the 87% participation rate, sampling approached a census. A telephone-administered survey, based primarily on the rigorously tested instrument developed by Sethi and King (1994), was employed for data collection. This research employs a comprehensive set of descriptive statistics, and is bolstered by a confirmatory and an exploratory factor analysis, undertaken on one component of the data. The outcome of this research was the identification of seven practical recommendations for Australian professional sport organisations seeking to improve competitive advantage via the Internet. These recommendations were based on an inventory of the 'gaps' between the strategies proposed by the literature, and the practices of the sample, and relate to both overall Internet strategy, and specific web site applications. The development of the new Business Activity Model and the identification of key online strategy themes support and complement these recommendations. An examination of variations in the practices of participating organisations, and some comparisons against United States sporting organisations, also provides depth and context to the findings. This research provides a platform for sport managers to effectively harness the potential of the Internet, through their web sites in particular, and realise significant competitive advantages. The Business Activity Model provides managers in all industries with a tool for the detection and understanding of potential elements of competitive advantage, and incorporates all activities critical to business in the new digital economy. Seven practical recommendations for improved online performance based on identified competitive advantage and strategies fulfils the primary objective of this research. E-commerce continues to grow at astronomical rates, and with the Internet poised to become the life-blood of 21st century sporting organisations, these recommendations will assist managers in their ongoing search for competitive advantage.

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Heubeck, Tina. "Product and labor markets in professional team sports : regulation and consequences." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2006. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2780252&prov=M&dokv̲ar=1&doke̲xt=htm.

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Heubeck, Tina. "Product and labor markets in professional team sports regulation and consequences." Berlin Logos-Verl, 2005. http://deposit.ddb.de/cgi-bin/dokserv?id=2780252&prov=M&dok_var=1&dok_ext=htm.

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Griffiths, Mark. "Formalised mentoring as a professional learning strategy for volunteer sports coaches." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2009. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/11983.

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The aim of this study was to examine formalised mentoring as a learning strategy for volunteer sports coaches. Despite the popular use of mentoring as a learning and support strategy across many professional domains, there has been comparatively little research on structured mentoring programmes in sports coaching, and there is a distinct lack of empirical evidence to support claims for its efficacy in supporting and enhancing coach professional learning Moreover, despite the significantly high numbers of voluntary coaches that support sports coaching in the UK, there is a lack of research that addresses the professional needs of this population data are reported from a 12 month longitudinal study of 7 coach mentors and 18 mentees that were organized into formal mentor partnerships in one region of the UK Methods included semi-structured interviews, questionnaires and focus groups with all participants Data analysis was undertaken usmg a constructivist revision of the Grounded Theory Method (Charmaz, 2006), recognizing that themes and categories are constructed from data and are mutually negotiated 'Core' conceptual categories were identified, depicting actions that embody mentoring processes.

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Humphries, Zachary J. "Racial Bias in Professional Sports: From a Media and Fan Perspective." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu1421234904.

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Hall, Tammy Kay. "Determinants of elite athletes' commitment to sport : examination of the sport commitment model in the professional sport domain." PDXScholar, 1993. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/3551.

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This study examined the applicability of the Sport Commitment Model for a group of elite, professional athletes. The model proposes that an athlete's commitment will increase as sport enjoyment, personal investments, social constraints, and involvement opportunities increase and will decrease with an increase in involvement opportunities. The influence of identification as an athlete, a determinant of commitment not included in the original model, was also examined. One hundred and eighty three professional football players from the Canadian Football League (CFL) (n = 121) and National Football League (NFL) (n = 69) participated in the study. Each subject completed a modified version of the original questionnaire developed to test the constructs in the Sport Commitment Model (Scanlan, Simons, Carpenter, Schmidt, & Keeler, 1993) during a team meeting. Internal consistency reliabilities for the final items in all seven scales were acceptable. Confirmatory factor analysis indicated marginal overall fit (AGFI = 0.757) demonstrating good construct validity and discriminant validity for each scale. Zero-order correlations between commitment and its predictor constructs were significant and in the hypothesized direction for all predictor constructs except social constraints. The correlation between commitment and social constraints was negative and nonsignificant. The simultaneous regression analysis results found the predictor constructs accounted for 38% of the variance in commitment. Identification uniquely accounted for the most variance followed by enjoyment, involvement alternatives, and involvement opportunities. Only personal investments and social constraints did not contribute a significant amount of unique variance to sport commitment. The importance and meaning of the relationships between commitment and its determinants for professional athletes are discussed, as well as directions for future research.

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Attamimi, Muhammad Fadri. "Determinants of Professional Soccer Team Values: Analyzing the International Effects on the Value of Professional Soccer Teams." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/1644.

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In 2014, Professor Scelles and his colleagues ran a test regarding the determinants of professional soccer team values. This thesis will follow a similar model and estimate the determinants of firm values in professional soccer teams from 2007-2016. It will include Asian ownership, percentage of foreign players and Asian sponsorship as new variables. This paper will also test the determinants on market cap and enterprise value in addition to Forbes’ valuation. The results of this study shows that the new variables have a significant impact depending on the valuation that is being tested on.

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Scott, David C. "Organizational effectiveness in professional sport : a case from minor league baseball." Scholarly Commons, 1993. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2244.

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This case study was conducted to examine organizational effectiveness in a professional minor league baseball franchise. The premise of the study was to explore the relationship between organizational effectiveness and four organizational behavior constructs. The four constructs focused upon were organizational identity, shared values, vision, and continuity. Data collection was based upon personal interviews with the entire staff, observation of general activities, and archival materials such as promotional videos and in-house publications. The organization under study, which was deemed effective because of its on-field success, was found to have a well-defined and distinctive identity, shared values in the realm of philosophical, business concerns, and a clear and acutely projected image. Continuity within the organization was not concretely established for either time frames of reference. The premise of this study was not only to examine the relationships between the four constructs and organizational effectiveness in professional sports franchises but to generate hypotheses for future research. Ten hypotheses were postulated based on the findings of this study. These ten hypotheses were: 1) An effective organization will possess an identity which is well-defined and unique to that particular organization and its members; 2) The organizational identity will be based on characteristics which are both distinctive and essential to the nature of the organization; 3) An effective organization will have developed an organizational value system based upon the shared values expressed by the members of that organization; 4) The shared values ·held will be influenced by the environment in which the organization exists; 5) An. effective organization will project a clear and meaningful image embodied by all its members; 6) An effective organization will possess an internalized guiding philosophy that will dictate a mode of behavior; 7) An effective organization will exhibit a vision which consists of both a guiding philosophy and tangible image which establish.a set of ambitions motivating its members to work towards a specific direction; 8) An effective organization will demonstrate continuity in organizational philosophy, vision, and purpose over a·pertinent and definable time frame of reference; 9) Stability in the key position within the organization will have a positive influence on organizational effectiveness; 10) An effective organization will possess an identity, value system, and vision which are in concert with each other and exemplified by all its members.

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Zhang, Yang Sunny. "Professional wushu athletes| Potential athletic/personal dissonance." Thesis, San Jose State University, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1568016.

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The success of Chinese professional athletes is attributable to the government-run elite sport system; it is seen as one of the most effective and successful systems at nurturing high-skilled athletes. However, within the Chinese professional sport system, tensions between athletes' athletic skills and overall personal development have been widely documented. Among all studies, very few have employed in-depth interviews with professional wushu athletes. In this study, the researcher utilized in-depth semi-structured interviews with professional wushu athletes from three of the 25 professional wushu teams in mainland China. The study was conducted in order to understand the potential conflicts between athletes' athletic skills development and overall personal development. Findings revealed that athletes bear the training at great cost to their future potential as self-sufficient members of Chinese society. Their academic, social, and vocational skills are subject to deep neglect that negatively impacts their post-competition careers. The system considers investment in preparation for the post-competitive lives of the athletes to be a distraction from, or even an impediment to, their success in competition. It is suggested that the Chinese sport system undertake a review and reformation of its approach to wushu training to provide athletes with the skills needed to successfully navigate a life outside of athletics.

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Oakes, David M. "The crisis communication strategies of the three major professional sports leagues a comparative historical analysis /." abstract and full text PDF (free order & download UNR users only), 2006. http://0-gateway.proquest.com.innopac.library.unr.edu/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:1433295.

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Brakeley, August Kashiwa. "Better, Stronger, Faster Explaining the Variance Between Professional and Amateur Anti-Doping Policies." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Political Science and Communication, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1020.

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The world of sport has recently been inundated by stories of doping. These reports are not limited to a select few individuals or sports, but seemingly are spread across sports. At first, it was mostly members of the sports community voicing their discontent, but soon actors outside of the sports community, such as government committees, became interested. Anti-doping policies were created to reduce doping; however, these policies were created independently of government and vary in effectiveness. The most visible variances are between professional and amateur sports. Accordingly, this paper investigates why there is variation between professional and amateur anti-doping policies. This investigation is done in a qualitative fashion and employs the Most Similar System of Design (a comparative method) to identify that factors result in the differences. The paper also contributes to the field by creating and organizing the ethics of doping. Furthermore, it compares the various existing approaches to anti-doping policy by analysing the anti-doping policies of the PGA, IOC, WADA, and the MLB. Subsequently, the paper identifies seven obstacles facing anti-doping regulators and identifies new policy tools that could aid anti-doping policies. Finally, it closes with policy recommendations for the future. This paper is comprehensive: it introduces the topic of anti-doping, the subsequent definitions, explains the ethical considerations, answers why there is variation between professional and amateur anti-doping policies, and provides policy recommendations.

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Champ, F. M. "Psychological development in professional youth football : an ethnography of sports psychology practice." Thesis, Liverpool John Moores University, 2018. http://researchonline.ljmu.ac.uk/8328/.

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The introduction of the Elite Player Performance Plan (EPPP) by the Premier League in 2012, and the subsequent formalization of sports psychology support, has resulted in increased opportunities for sports psychology practitioners to deliver their work within football academies (Nesti, 2012). The recognition of psychological support by the EPPP adds a new importance for us to better understand the impact of the lived experiences of applied practitioners within professional football clubs on their professional development and identity formation (Mitchell et al., 2016). The data on which this thesis is based has been drawn from research collected during a 3-year period from 2014 to 2017, where I (the researcher) occupied a dual role as a practitioner-researcher within the organisation of study. More specifically, I was responsible for the delivery of a psychological development program to academy players, support staff, and parents, and for the collection of data using ethnographic research methods. The first empirical chapter explored the use of practitioner-researcher ethnography as a research approach in sports psychology. Critical reflections highlighted some of the challenges that I faced whilst engaging in this dual role. Findings from this chapter highlighted the value of ethnography in encouraging the development of critical thinking skills, and self-awareness. However, a number of moral and ethical dilemmas arose because of the research demands. Therefore, it is suggested that a variety of support mechanisms (peer support, ethnography club) may help ethnographer’s better deal with challenging research situations that they may face. Following on from this, chapter 3 of the thesis used creative narratives to illuminate the impact of my experiences of delivering psychological support within one professional football club on my professional development, and identity as a sports psychology practitioner. My development journey aligned to the ICM (Côté, 2016), and was not smooth, or without challenge. In contrast, it was a rocky road (Collins & MacNamara, 2012), signified by a number of critical moments (Littlewood & Nesti, 2011). The challenges that I faced within the professional football club occurred as a function of the organisational culture (Roper, 2008), and ran parallel with the experiences of the youth players within this particular social context. The findings from this chapter suggest that identity is not a distinct end-point that sports psychology practitioners reach at the conclusion of their professional training. In contrast, identity is argued to be a fluid concept, continually evolving based upon the experiences that we have. Chapter 4 of the thesis followed the same structure as chapter 3, and presented the lived experiences of academy footballers over a longitudinal time frame. The findings that emerged within the chapter suggest that despite considerable changes in professional football over recent years the traditional masculine culture of this particular social context has remained reluctant to change (Nesti, 2012), and may be detrimental to the healthy psychological development of players who exist within it. Finally, chapter 5 of the thesis used action research principles to document the design, delivery, and evaluation of the psychological development program that was implemented within the professional football club. More specifically, interviews, focus groups, and evaluation sheets were used to attain the perspectives of key stakeholders (players, support staff, parents). The findings from this chapter demonstrated the complexities of psychological development, especially within the professional football culture. A level of confusion was present between stakeholders regarding the efficacy of the program. Although all individuals agreed that the program was beneficial in facilitating communication, and creating a supportive environment, there were discrepancies regarding its impact, and the nature of delivery.

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Büschemann, Arne [Verfasser]. "Managerial and organizational efficiency : applied econometrics in professional team sports / Arne Büschemann." Paderborn : Universitätsbibliothek, 2015. http://d-nb.info/1072146371/34.

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Bunnage, Grant J. "Public Dollar Private Owners; Tax Subsidies for New Stadiums in Professional Sports." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2011. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/114.

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The growing popularity of North American professional sports over the last twenty years directly coincides with the recent trend of urban communities using tax dollars to publically subsidize professional football, baseball, and basketball stadiums. Communities across North America invest substantial amount of public tax dollars in private facilities in light of a consensus among policy analysts that the economic impact of the new stadium is greatly exaggerated. The economic impact of new stadiums has been extensively researched, the focus of this paper rather, is to examine the impact publically subsidized facilities built in the last twenty years have on the overall team valuation compared to teams with no public subsidy or no new stadium.

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Sanchez, Paul. "Coming of Age: A Look at Minimum Age Requirements in Professional Sports." Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2005. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/802.

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This item is only available in print in the UCF Libraries. If this is your Honors Thesis, you can help us make it available online for use by researchers around the world by following the instructions on the distribution consent form at http://library.ucf
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Legal Studies

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Werner, Stephan Klaus [Verfasser]. "The Institutional and Behavioral Economics of Professional Sports Leagues / Stephan Klaus Werner." Aachen : Shaker, 2009. http://d-nb.info/1161312390/34.

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Summa, Tosporn. "Assessing the hotel requirements of professional sports teams for the hotel industry." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/41944.

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Wilson, Robert. "An analysis of factors affecting financial performance in English professional team sports." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2017. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20981/.

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Research activity surrounding professional team sports, is heavily linked to the field of economics and principally the concepts of uncertainty of outcome, competitive balance and profit, utility and win maximisation. These concepts are important as professional sport teams ultimately operate under multiple objectives and, theoretically, to become financially sustainable or make a profit. The two most prominent objectives are generally (1) to maintain a high level of on-field performance and, (2) to maximize offfield commercial business operations in the pursuit of revenue gains. It is widely acknowledged in the existing literature that these objectives are linked but there is no clear consensus as to which is the cause and effect. Normally, in business the fundamental aim is to make profit. However, this situation is not as straightforward in the professional sport industry and in particular sport teams; which make them in particular an interesting and contemporary research focus in the sport management industry. Little evidence also exists which explores the relationships and lessons that leagues can take from each other. Using empirical data, collected from professional sport team financial statements, league tables and the Active People Survey, these papers evaluate the sporting and nonsporting performance of each league (in each of the three sports), the success of ownership structure (in football), the impact on sporting and non-sporting performance of managerial change (in football) and competitive balance (in football). There are three inter-connected dimensions to the research, which provide a coherent analysis of the factors affecting financial performance in the sports identified: first, measuring the performance of individual teams/clubs (sporting and non-sporting); second, factors that affect the performance of individual teams/clubs (ownership and management); and third, the impact of the performance of individual teams/clubs on the league as a whole (competitive balance). These interconnected dimensions allow the identification of where clubs and leagues sit on the theoretical continuum of profit and utility maximisation and, ultimately, the critical factors which lead to positive financial performance. As such, the research portfolio explores a new contribution to knowledge by evaluating these characteristics and how they relate to a professional sport team's strategic direction by examining three popular sports in England, namely; football, rugby union and rugby league.

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