Journal articles on the topic 'Professional Oven'
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Burlon, F., E. Tiberi, D. Micheli, R. Furlanetto, and M. Simonato. "Transient model of a Professional Oven." Energy Procedia 126 (September 2017): 2–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2017.08.045.
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Agrafiotis, Michael, Athanasios Zisopoulos, and Konstantinos Spinthiropoulos. "ABRAΗAM, a Semiautomatic Trainable Connoisseur Lab, as a Big Data Collection Platform." Journal of Food Studies 8, no. 1 (January 30, 2019): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jfs.v8i1.14302.
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The main idea of the invention is an expert system to execute a specific recipe through a food container and a moving and tilting pot with gases and visible cooking analysis. Details used to achieve professional results are: food preprocessing and weighted, normal warehouse, fridge, and deep fridge, overall positioning, computer control, monitoring the cooking gases and light spectrum and trainability. The machinery line has been designed for the semi-professional market but it has capabilities for catering, military operation, gourmet cooking and serving. The modular design permits an entry system with a few food containers, two pots, an oven and the base software running on a single PC while the advanced option uses thousands of food boxes, tenths of pots, pans, ovens and high expert systems intelligence running on real time industrial computers. All these give unlimited futuristic capabilities covering the 10-year time for Return on Investment. The cooking on this machine is a statistical Big Data cooking with Data Science principles.
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Yoshida, Cecília Harumi, Rosane Aparecida de Oliveira, Patricia Granja Coelho, Fernando Luiz Affonso Fonseca, and Rosangela Filipini. "Process of instrument sterilization in shops with manicure and pedicure services." Acta Paulista de Enfermagem 27, no. 1 (February 2014): 18–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1982-0194201400005.
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OBJECTIVE: Understanding the sterilization process of critical items used in commercial establishments that offer the services of manicures and pedicure to the public.METHODS: Cross-sectional study with 90 employees exercising the function of manicure and pedicure in commercial establishments. The research instrument was a questionnaire with open and closed questions about the knowledge and procedures related to disinfection and sterilization of instruments.RESULTS: The mean age was 33.8 years, 72 % had taken vocational courses and had professional experience of more than five years. The use of hot air oven was prevalent in 84.3 % of establishments and 65.7 % reported opening the oven during sterilization. The relation between the higher cost of the service and the use of autoclave was statistically significant (p < 0.001).CONCLUSION: The sterilization process of the instruments used in the studied commercial establishments that offer services of manicures and pedicure to the public have significant deficiencies related to cleaning and sterilization of instruments.
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Yan, Chao. "Remanufacturing and Benefits Analysis of Construction Machinery Hydraulic Valves." Applied Mechanics and Materials 401-403 (September 2013): 2266–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.401-403.2266.
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Lots of hydraulic valves lose efficacy every year because of the complex mechanism of construction machinery, bad working conditions and changeable objects. These invalid hydraulic valves were melted down in the oven and then reused. However, the additional value of valves is wasted, and it will consume a lot of resources. The remanufacturing industry, which is becoming more and more mature, can solve this problem. The hydraulic valve can be remanufactured by recollection and using professional technology. Here is an introduction of failure modes and remanufacturing process of hydraulic valve, and also a deep analysis to the benefits of economy, resources and environment. It turned out that remanufacturing can restore the function of the invalid hydraulic valve and shorten the production cycle. It also can save costs by 55%, save resources by 85% and save material by 90%.
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De Koning, Fred. "Geen “professional judgment”, maar “judgment van professionals”?" Maandblad Voor Accountancy en Bedrijfseconomie 80, no. 5 (May 1, 2006): 265–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/mab.80.16906.
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Op 18 november 2005. promoveerde Hans Verkruijsse aan de Universiteit Maastricht. Zijn dissertatie heeft betrekking op de oordeelsvorming over interne beheersing door in de praktijk werkzame openbare accountants. Uit het door hem ingestelde onderzoek trekt hij de conclusie, dat “niet aantoonbaar (kon) worden gemaakt dat sprake is van consensus tussen de oordelen van accountants”. Dit lijkt een vernietigend oordeel over de wijze waarop accountants omgaan met Administratieve Organisatie en Interne Beheersing. Verkruijsse spreekt dan ook over “judgment van een professional” in plaats van “professional judgment”. In dit artikel gaat Fred de Koning na of het werkelijk zo erg is en welke consequenties aan het onderzoek moeten worden verbonden.
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Laukka, Elina, Moona Huhtakangas, Tarja Heponiemi, Sari Kujala, Anu-Marja Kaihlanen, Kia Gluschkoff, and Outi Kanste. "Health Care Professionals’ Experiences of Patient-Professional Communication Over Patient Portals: Systematic Review of Qualitative Studies." Journal of Medical Internet Research 22, no. 12 (December 8, 2020): e21623. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21623.
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Background The popularity of web-based patient-professional communication over patient portals is constantly increasing. Good patient-professional communication is a prerequisite for high-quality care and patient centeredness. Understanding health care professionals’ experiences of web-based patient-professional communication is important as they play a key role in engaging patients to use portals. More information is needed on how patient-professional communication could be supported by patient portals in health care. Objective This systematic review of qualitative studies aims to identify how health care professionals experience web-based patient-professional communication over the patient portals. Methods Abstract and full-text reviews were conducted by 2 reviewers independently. A total of 4 databases were used for the study: CINAHL (EBSCO), ProQuest (ABI/INFORM), Scopus, and PubMed. The inclusion criteria for the reviewed studies were as follows: the examination of health care professionals’ experiences, reciprocal communication between patients and health care professionals, peer-reviewed scientific articles, and studies published between 2010 and 2019. The Joanna Briggs Institute’s quality assessment criteria were used in the review process. A total of 13 included studies were analyzed using a thematic synthesis, which was conducted by 3 reviewers. Results A total of 6 analytical themes concerning health care professionals’ experiences of web-based patient-professional communication were identified. The themes were related to health care professionals’ work, change in communication over patient portals, patients’ use of patient portals, the suitability of patient portals for communication, the convenience of patient portals for communication, and change in roles. Conclusions Health care professionals’ experiences contain both positive and negative insights into web-based patient-professional communication over patient portals. Most commonly, the positive experiences seem to be related to the patients and patient outcomes, such as having better patient engagement. Health care professionals also have negative experiences, for example, web-based patient-professional communication sometimes has deficiencies and has a negative impact on their workload. These negative experiences may be explained by the poor functionality of the patient portals and insufficient training and resources. To reduce health care professionals’ negative experiences of web-based patient-professional communication, their experiences should be taken into account by policy makers, health care organizations, and information technology enterprises when developing patient portals. In addition, more training regarding web-based patient-professional communication and patient portals should be provided to health care professionals.
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Agusta, W., Maisaroh, H. D. Hermansyah, D. Anggraeni, Astuti, Harianto, W. Purwanto, and L. P. Manalu. "Drying kinetics, modelling and total flavonoid content of Phyllanthus niruri L. under different drying temperature." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1116, no. 1 (December 1, 2022): 012033. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1116/1/012033.
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Abstract Phyllanthus niruri L. drying kinetics were empirically examined at the temperature of 40 °C, 45 °C, 50 °C, 55 °C, and 60 °C in an air-drying oven. The herbs’ aerial components (stems, leaves, and flowers) were picked after 9-10 weeks of planting. The drying procedure ended when the sample weights remained unchanged. The drying time varied from 7 to 20.5 hours. CurveExpert Professional was utilized to establish the optimal modeling fit. According to the statistical analysis, notably for the root mean square error (RMSE), determination coefficient (R2 ), and residual chi-square (χ2 ), Midilli-Kucuk has deemed the optimal function for characterizing the kinetics of P. niruri drying. The effective diffusivity and drying activation energy of P. niruri were reported to be 4.050x10-9 m2/s – 1.620x10-8 m2/s and 55.23 kJ/mol, respectively. UV-VIS spectrophotometry was also employed to analyze the effects of the temperature on flavonoid content. The measurement showed that the flavonoid content from all dried herbs varied from 1.18-1.69 %, which already meets the Farmakope Herbal Indonesia’s standard. The highest flavonoid content was found at the lowest drying temperature.
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Sutton, Stuart A. "Core Competencies for the Information Professions and the Evolution of Skill Sets." Education Libraries 18, no. 3 (September 5, 2017): 6. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/el.v18i3.70.
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In this article, we consider the mechanisms necessary to distill new skill sets from the profession's core competencies along three out of four dimensions that define practice for information professionals in general and librarians in particular. We explore the emerging information universe and the environmental factors shaping it in order to cast light on the emerging professional contlicts over appropriate niches in the new universe of information work. Abbott's processes of reduction and abstraction as mechanism for the expansion of redefinition of a profession's domain are examined along three practice dimensions: (1) the tool making dimension, (2) the information management (tool use) dimension, and (3) the agency (service) dimension.
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Akın Tartuk, Gizem, Sadullah Kaya, and Özkan Adıgüzel. "The effect of different final irrigation solutions on apical impermeability." International Dental Research 11, Suppl. 1 (September 30, 2021): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.28.
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Aim: This study aimed to compare ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA), phytic acid, and citric acid as chelation agents in final irrigation procedures on teeth with apical impermeability.
Methodology: We used 66 mandibular premolar teeth with a single root and single canal extracted for periodontal or orthodontic reasons. All teeth crowns were removed to achieve a 14-mm root length. Mechanical preparation of the root canal was completed with a Reciproc R25 (VDW, Munich, Germany) file system. Teeth were randomly separated into three groups: Group 1: 5 ml 17% EDTA, Group 2: 5 ml 1% phytic acid, and Group 3: 5 ml 20% citric acid. We used 6 ml 5.25% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) in the mechanical preparation of all groups. Three teeth were selected for both the positive and negative control groups. All teeth in the experimental groups were filled by the lateral condensation method using AH Plus canal sealer and gutta-percha. For hardening of the canal sealer, samples were kept at 37 oC and at 100% humidity in a drying oven for 7 days. Later, following removal from the drying oven, two layers of nail polish were used to cover all but the apical 2 mm of each tooth. The teeth were then kept in 2% methylene blue solution at 37 oC for 7 days. The root was divided by cutting in the buccolingual direction and gutta-percha was removed. The dye leakage was measured linearly in millimeters (mm) under a stereomicroscope.
Results: As a result of the apical leakage assessment, the lowest apical leakage is observed in the phytic acid group. There was a statistically significant difference between the phytic acid group and citric acid group. There was no statistically significant difference between other groups.
Conclusion: While phytic acid showed similar results with EDTA on apical impermeability, it was more effective than citric acid.
How to cite this article: Akın Tartuk G, Kaya S, Adıgüzel Ö. The effect of different final irrigation solutions on apical impermeability. Int Dent Res 2021;11(Suppl.1):201-5. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.suppl1.28
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
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Kyle, William C. "Editorial. Professional development: The growth and learning of teachers as professionals over time." Journal of Research in Science Teaching 32, no. 7 (September 1995): 679–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tea.3660320703.
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Fries, Jana Esther. "Beeldvorming over archeologie, beeldvorming bij archeologen." Paleo-aktueel, no. 31 (June 1, 2021): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.21827/pa.31.27-36.
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Imaging of archaeology, imaging by archaeologists. Among the general public and in the popular media, archaeology has a quite positive image, but one that is far from the realities of the everyday work of professional archaeologists. In this paper, I explore how that biased image became established and what role media professionals and archaeologists play in maintaining it. Further, I discuss what effect the image of excavation as the central, if not the only, aspect of archaeology has and has had on the careers of female archaeologists. Finally, I argue for self-reflection about our professional identities and the way we present our work.
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Aftab, Muhammad Javed, Muhammad Ashfaq, and Navid Ur Rehman. "Reasons for Over-Identifications of Children with Disabilities in Pakistan: An Analytical Survey." Global Language Review VII, no. I (March 30, 2022): 101–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.31703/glr.2022(vii-i).10.
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The thought behind this research study was to explore the basic reasons for the over-identification of children in the special education department in Punjab. The population for the study was honorable teachers and the professionals working in this department. The research tool developed was a questionnaire created to record the opinions of the special education professionals and teaching staff against the tentative reasons. The sample who participated and provided their valuable opinions were249 teaching staff and professionals from all over Punjab. The major reasons for the over-identification of children recorded are professional inefficiency, poor family background, some behavioral, Social or Psychological issues, Substandard diagnostic process,Shortage of human resources, Mis-evaluation of the poor health of the student, and lack of strong advocacy by a professional organization to reduce over-identification. Key recommendations made by the researchers are aware of the identification process,hiring the professionals, and timely and updated training should be conducted to reduce the over-identification of children in Special education in Punjab.
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Van Netten, Jaap J., Gustav Jarl, Klaas Postema, and Anita E. Williams. "A toolkit for prosthetists and orthotists to facilitate progress in professional communication over the next 50 years." Prosthetics and Orthotics International 44, no. 6 (October 12, 2020): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0309364620962325.
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Background: In this celebratory issue of Prosthetics and Orthotics International, we review professional communication skills in the field of prosthetics and orthotics. Objective: We aim to reflect on communication skills in the past 50 years, to discuss developments in the coming 50 years, and to create a toolkit and research agenda to facilitate progress in professional communication in the next 50 years. Results: Despite being a key area in prosthetics and orthotics training programmes, we found no studies on professional communication with an experimental design published in Prosthetics and Orthotics International. As an alternative, we provide clinical reflections on the changes in professional communication in the past 50 years, and we discuss questionnaire-based and qualitative studies that provide evidence for the importance of communication in pedorthic footwear provision. In the coming 50 years, professional communication in the field of prosthetics and orthotics may be impacted by aging populations, global mobility, information technology, technological advances and emphasis on prevention. We discuss each of these topics. To facilitate progress in professional communication, we have created a toolkit with resources for prosthetics and orthotics professionals, prosthetics and orthotics students and other interested professionals. Conclusions: We hope this toolkit will inspire others to use, extend and implement it in their daily practice. As a research agenda, we strongly recommend undertaking research on interventions to improve professional communication and to study its effect on clinically meaningful outcomes.
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Warren, Michael, and Christine Braithwaite. "Understanding the Relationship Between Professional Regulation and Professional Identity in Health Care." Journal of Medical Regulation 106, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 7–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.30770/2572-1852-106.2.7.
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ABSTRACT Since 2016, the Professional Standards Authority in the United Kingdom (UK) has been building an evidence base to understand the relationship between professional regulation and professional identity of health care professionals. Professional identity can greatly impact the practice of health professionals. To better understand the relationship between professional regulation and professional identity, we conducted a literature review, which gathered definitions of professional identity and analysis of identity among health care professionals. We then commissioned the administration of 16 in-depth interviews with UK health care practitioners to learn their perceptions regarding professional identity and regulation. This paper describes and analyzes the Authority's findings from a policy perspective, suggesting that the professional identity of a health care practitioner is influenced mostly by factors that are local — such as the rapport a practitioner has with a patient, education, mentors, uniforms and external perceptions. These non-regulatory factors take precedence over regulation's influence on the development and maintenance of professional identity. Regulation does appear to have an effect on professional identity when there is a crisis or unusual circumstance (for example removing a professional from practice), but on a daily basis its effects are small, especially compared to other factors.
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Ytreberg, Espen. "Control over Stories of Illness and Life." Nordicom Review 40, no. 2 (March 1, 2019): 37–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/nor-2019-0023.
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Abstract This article discusses the relationship between nonprofessional media participation and the professional handling of participants. It expands on the case of “Karen”, who related her life-threatening illness and patient experience in a broad range of media before transitioning into professional communications work for a health organization that required her to recruit other patient-participants. The article contributes to research on media participation by focusing on the blurred boundaries between professionals and nonprofessionals. It describes how relationships between the two can be characterized by tensions and dilemmas that are closely tied to issues of status and control. Karen’s case is instructive in the particular light it sheds on such matters and on how control over the mediated telling of a life story is exercised.
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Mufitha, Mohamed Buhari, Su Teng Lee, and Chen Chen Yong. "Is Professional Commitment The Reason For Turnover Intentions of IT Professionals?" ADVANCES IN BUSINESS RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL 5, no. 1 (June 30, 2019): 124. http://dx.doi.org/10.24191/abrij.v5i1.9998.
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Compared to others, professionals share distinguish workplace characteristics: one such is the high commitment to the professions over to working organizations. Information Technology (IT) professionals demonstrate higher turnover rates compared to others: their commitments to the profession has been suspected as a source of turnover. Considering their job satisfactions the present study aimed to investigate the influence of professional commitment on IT professionals’ turnover intentions. Data were collected from a sample of software engineers from Sri Lank using a survey questionnaire. The results of the structural equation model analysis concluded that professional commitment weakens IT professionals’ turnover intentions, which is partially mediated by job satisfaction. Professional commitment stimulates IT professionals’ job satisfaction. The findings challenge the presumption that IT professionals leave their organizations due to high commitments to the profession. Few factors were identified as significant in their job satisfactions: supervision, co-workers and work design. Pay and promotions were the least influencing job satisfaction factors. Managers may employ few strategies in their retention strategies: facilitate professional advancement needs within organizations, closely monitor supervision activities occurs and provide challenging and meaningful jobs. The study contributes to the turnover literature through empirical evidence on the influence of professional commitment on knowledge workers’ turnover intentions.
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Fordyce-Voorham, Sandra P. "Predictors of the perceived importance of food skills of home economics teachers." Health Education 116, no. 3 (April 4, 2016): 259–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/he-01-2015-0003.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to test an hypothesis that teachers’ personal orientations toward food preparation, nutrition and environmental issues would be related to their perceived importance of food skills. Design/methodology/approach – Little research has been conducted on home economics teachers’ views on the importance of the food skills they teach in secondary schools in Australia. Therefore, an online survey was conducted among 261 home economics teachers in Australian secondary schools. The research measured respondents’ ratings of the importance of 70 food skills as well as their teaching preferences and use of resources. Findings – Respondents rated the procedural “hands-on” skills required to prepare a healthy meal as most important. Exploratory factor analysis derived five components (procedures for domestic settings, procedures for vocational settings, cookery methods, food economy, using microwave oven appliances) relating to teachers’ perceived importance of food skills. Teachers’ personal orientations were described as food aesthete, consumer-environmentalist and nutritionist. The findings showed that these were better predictors of the perceived importance of food skills than demographic characteristics. The most important perceived skills related to the basic procedures required by young people to be able to prepare meals for themselves when living independently. Teachers’ personal “orientations” were significantly related to the perceived importance of food skills. Demographic and professional characteristics were poor predictors of these perceptions. Originality/value – The findings provide home economics teachers with an understanding of their selection of particular food skills to teach their students in skill-based healthy eating programmes.
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Kene, Mamata, Mary E. Pack, P. Gregg Greenough, and Frederick M. Burkle. "The Professionalization of Humanitarian Health Assistance: Report of a Survey on What Humanitarian Health Workers Tell Us." Prehospital and Disaster Medicine 24, S2 (August 2009): s210—s216. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1049023x00021610.
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AbstractIntroduction:While the number of humanitarian health workers has grown considerably along with the emphasis on evidence-based humanitarian practice over the last 15 years, no organization exists to ensure ongoing professionalization of this area of expertise.Hypothesis/Problem:To determine whether and to what degree the community of humanitarian health workers self-identify as a professional group; whether a need for a professional society exists to support such a group; and if so, what fundamental elements and activities should it encompass and provide.Methods:A humanitarian, listserv-based survey was undertaken to evaluate humanitarian professional self-identification, needs for and interest in professional support functions, and priorities toward developing a professional organization to provide needed services.Results:The resulting respondent population represented a broad distribution of age and experience with education and experience being equally important factors in defining humanitarian health professionals. Respondents viewed themselves as humanitarian professionals nearly to the extent they viewed themselves as health-specific technical experts who happen to work in humanitarian assistance; they expressed a strong desire to establish a professional society reflecting that self-identification; and that body should focus on activities of education and training, networking and dialogue, and developing and refining core competencies to support best practices.Conclusions:Humanitarian health workers self-identify as professionals in humanitarian assistance and as technical experts. A professional organization with specific support functions would be of interest to many humanitarian health professionals.
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Jung, Jaehwan, Changi Nam, Euehun Lee, and Seongcheol Kim. "Professional autonomy, group cohesion, and job complexity affect researchers' organizational commitment." Social Behavior and Personality: an international journal 44, no. 8 (September 15, 2016): 1349–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.2224/sbp.2016.44.8.1349.
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We examined the effects of professional autonomy and group cohesion on the organizational commitment of research and development (R&D) professionals, taking into account the moderating role of job complexity in this relationship. Participants were 264 full-time researchers who each had over 5 years' tenure at an international information technology institute in South Korea, and who completed surveys assessing their professional autonomy, group cohesion, and job complexity. The results of structural equation modeling indicated that professional autonomy, group cohesion, and job complexity positively affected organizational commitment. Moreover, job complexity had a positive moderating effect on the relationship between professional autonomy and group cohesion in connection with organizational commitment. These findings clarify the psychological attitude of R&D professionals in relation to professional autonomy, group cohesion, and job complexity.
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Campbell-Meier, Jennifer, and Lisa Hussey. "Exploring Becoming, Doing, and Relating within the information professions." Journal of Librarianship and Information Science 51, no. 4 (February 11, 2018): 962–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0961000618757298.
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Professional identity in Library and Information Sciences (LIS) in the United States and Canada is often defined by education, particularly the Masters in Library and Information Science(s) or its equivalent (MLIS). However, education is not the only attribute expected of an information professional. Anteby et al. (2016) developed three lenses for examining professions: Becoming, Doing and Relating. Each of these lenses provides a different view of how professional status is achieved and maintained and reflects the evolution of professional identification over the past century. Given the lack of any recognized definition within LIS, applying the lenses to “information professions” in general provides a framework to discuss professional identity. In order to understand how the LIS community defines information professional an exploratory survey was developed for information professions in the United States and Canada that included an open-ended question about professional identity. The survey was taken by more than 700 information professionals 2014–2015, and includes responses from MLIS students, information professionals with and without an MLIS (or an equivalent degree), LIS educators, retired professionals, and professionals with an MLIS working outside the field, but still active within the community. The responses uncovered a wide range of definitions, which reflected the concepts of lenses of professional status as presented by Anteby et al. However, not all of the definitions were easily assigned to a single lens. The findings do identify other important questions to consider. Why is there such a range of how we define LIS professional? What does this mean about how we interact with society in our professional roles? What impact might this have on how we are viewed by the larger society?
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Vyas, Nirav R. "The effect of profession over buying behavior towards cars." Paripex - Indian Journal Of Research 2, no. 1 (January 15, 2012): 92–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22501991/jan2013/34.
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Zhang, Lixuan, and Mary C. Jones. "A Social Capital Perspective on IT Professionals’ Work Behavior and Attitude." Journal of Organizational and End User Computing 23, no. 1 (January 2011): 64–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joeuc.2011010104.
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Attracting and retaining information technology (IT) professionals is a current concern for companies. Although research has been conducted about the job behavior and attitudes of IT professionals over the past three decades, little research has explored the effect of IT professionals’ social capital. The primary research question that this study addresses is how social capital affects IT professionals’ work attitude and behavior, including job satisfaction and job performance. Data were collected from 128 IT professionals from a range of jobs, organizations and industries. Results indicate that the strength of the ties an IT professional has in his or her organization is positively related to job satisfaction. The number of ties that an IT professional has outside the organization is also positively related to job performance. Several implications for research and practice are offered based on these findings.
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Terkildsen, M., H. Kennedy, A. Di Lieto, B. Jensen, and L. Uhrskov. "Care & custody: E-sport and patient-professional power-relations in forensic psychiatry. A qualitative study." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S377—S378. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.1011.
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IntroductionRecovery orientated care emphasizes equality in relations. Forensic psychiatric professionals need to engage in care-relationships with patients in ways where power is symmetrically distributed among them. However, professionals also need to focus on security at the ward. This promotes patient-professional power-relations that are asymmetrically skewed towards professionals. New practical ways of balancing between the power-relations defined by a care and custody dichotomy in forensic care need to be developed and studied to guide clinical practice.ObjectivesTo study how power-relations are articulated between patient-professional within a social gaming activity (E – sport) in a Danish medium secure forensic psychiatric ward.MethodsThree months of observational data, collected via anthropological fieldwork Interviews with 3 professionals and 6 patients Data was analyzed using sociologist Pierre Bourdieu’s notions of field, capital and powerResultsThe E-sport intervention consists of two fields “in-game” and “over-game” In-game concerns the practice of gaming Over-game concerns the interventions organization Power in each field is driven by specific values and access to certain competencies Power in-game was equally open to patients and professionals leading to symmetric power relations Power over-game was open to professionals only leading to asymmetrical power relations Professionals may allow power distribution to patients during gameplay, while still retaining the overall power over the interventionConclusionsIt is possible to balance between care-and-custody in forensic psychiatry. This study provides important insights to guide further practice.
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Gustafsson, Stefanie, Juani Swart, and Nick Kinnie. "‘They are your testimony’: Professionals, clients and the creation of client capture during professional career progression." Organization Studies 39, no. 1 (June 12, 2017): 73–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840617708001.
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The relationship between professionals and clients has received considerable interest, more recently through the concept of client capture. However, little is known to date about the mechanisms through which professionals become captured by their clients. Drawing on 50 interviews investigating the promotion of lawyers to partnership in seven UK law firms, we contribute to existing understanding by exploring the creation of client capture during professional career progression. We propose that by bestowing clients with influence over who gets promoted to partnership, lawyers lose professional independence in defining the future of their firm. In addition, we illustrate how lawyers make themselves indirectly dependent on their clients by perceiving partnership as influential to client work. By doing so, they rely on their clients to legitimize partnership as the ideal career path. Based on our findings, we argue that career progression acts as an enabling mechanism for the creation of client capture as, by succumbing to the desire to advance their careers, professionals also become prone to client capture. We discuss the implications of our findings for professional–client relations and client capture, professional careers and the changing nature of professional work.
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Goodrick, Elizabeth, and Trish Reay. "Constellations of Institutional Logics." Work and Occupations 38, no. 3 (June 2, 2011): 372–416. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0730888411406824.
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Drawing on the professions and institutional literature, we develop theory about how professional work can reflect multiple institutional logics by analyzing changes in the work of pharmacists over time. Through a historical case study of U.S. pharmacists from 1852 to the present, we propose a new conceptualization of professionals and professional work as guided by a constellation of logics derived from broader society. We show that both competitive (segmenting) and cooperative (facilitative or additive) relationships among coexisting logics allow for the simultaneous influence of multiple logics on professionals and their work.
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Caena, Francesca. "Bridge over Troubled Water: Induction pointers for Teacher leadership." Profesorado, Revista de Currículum y Formación del Profesorado 25, no. 2 (July 15, 2021): 5–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.30827/profesorado.v25i2.18534.
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The first years of teaching are decisive to shape teachers’ motivation and attitudes, as adaptive professionals that respond to fast changing contexts. This career stage should provide acculturation in collaborative professional communities that discuss and tackle growing challenges for learners’ improvement. Induction support can be key for the personal, social, and professional development of beginning teachers, fostering their leadership to influence and initiate practice change. It needs to be flexible and sensitive to specific education contexts, but it benefits from transversal principles grounded on common European policies. Induction should be embedded in a continuum approach that links it to other career stages - relying on broad, common teacher requirements. The COVID 19 crisis has foregrounded the competences teachers require to ensure equitable learning. Among European Key Competences, the Personal, Social and Learning to Learn Competence and the Digital Competence can play a crucial role for teachers grappling with distance teaching and unpredictable professional conditions. While Digital competence is fully acknowledged to be key for teacher professionalism, Personal, Social and Learning to Learn is now becoming crucial for teachers’ motivation, innovation, and distributed leadership, to face problematic scenarios.
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Kreitzer, Mary Jo, Lixin Zhang, and Michelle J. Trotter. "Transformative Professional Development: Outcomes of the Inner Life Renewal Program." Complementary health practice review 11, no. 1 (January 2006): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1533210106289097.
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Health professionals have jobs that are inherently stressful and most have had little opportunity or encouragement to focus on self-care. Over the past 10 years, professional development programs such as the “Courage to Teach” have been developed for teachers in primary and secondary schools. Reported outcomes include personal and professional growth, increased satisfaction and well-being, and renewed passion and commitment for teaching. Based on this model of transformational professional development, a program was developed for health professionals, the Inner Life Renewal Program. Four cohorts of health professionals have completed the program. This brief report provides descriptive information regarding the structure, format, and process of the program and evaluative data based on program evaluations and participant interviews. Outcomes reported by participants include an increase in self-awareness, improved listening skills and relationships with colleagues, and an increased ability to manage or cope with stress.
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Noordegraaf, Mirko, and Willem Schinkel. "Professional Capital Contested: A Bourdieusian Analysis of Conflicts between Professionals and Managers." Comparative Sociology 10, no. 1 (2011): 97–125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156913310x514092.
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AbstractAlthough Bourdieu paid scant attention to (and in fact discredited) the notion of professionalism, his social theory is well-equipped to understand the evolution of professional work. Professionalism can be conceived as a set of symbolic resources that (re)produce an occupational order, favoring expertise and craftsmanship. In neo-liberal economies this order is contested and professional powers are distrusted; professional work is seen as closed-off and conservative. Managers have become important vehicles for rationalizing and innovating production, and improving “value for money.” In fact, managerial “fields” are created, and conflicts between managerial and professional fields are well documented. These conflicts are ironic, as new classes of managers seek classic strategies of professionalization as well as classic forms of professional capital for securing managerial positions. They form professional associations, for instance, and invest in schooling, credentials and work codes. This paper explores conflicts between professionals and managers as “contests over symbolic capital.” We argue that professional capital is appropriated by managers in order to distinguish “new” from “old” professional work in larger economized fields of power.
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Taylor, Mark H., F. Todd DeZoort, Edward Munn, and Martha Wetterhall Thomas. "A Proposed Framework Emphasizing Auditor Reliability over Auditor Independence." Accounting Horizons 17, no. 3 (September 1, 2003): 257–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/acch.2003.17.3.257.
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This paper introduces an auditor reliability framework that repositions the role of auditor independence in the accounting profession. The framework is motivated in part by widespread confusion about independence and the auditing profession's continuing problems with managing independence and inspiring public confidence. We use philosophical, theoretical, and professional arguments to argue that the public interest will be best served by reprioritizing professional and ethical objectives to establish reliability in fact and appearance as the cornerstone of the profession, rather than relationship-based independence in fact and appearance. This revised framework requires three foundation elements to control subjectivity in auditors' judgments and decisions: independence, integrity, and expertise. Each element is a necessary but not sufficient condition for maximizing objectivity. Objectivity, in turn, is a necessary and sufficient condition for achieving and maintaining reliability in fact and appearance.
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Hopkins, Anthony, Juliet Solomon, and Julia Abelson. "Shifting Boundaries in Professional Care." Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine 89, no. 7 (July 1996): 364–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/014107689608900704.
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The nature of the work undertaken by different health professionals and inter-professional boundaries are constantly shifting. The greater knowledge of users of health care, and the increasing technical and organizational complexity of modern medicine, have partly eroded the control of health professionals over the substance of their work. The definition of a field of work as lying within the province of any one profession is culturally rather than scientifically determined. It is evident that care of good quality should be delivered at the lowest possible cost. This might include delivery of care by a less trained person than heretofore, or by someone with limited but focused training. Sharing of skills is a more sensible subject for discussion than transfer of tasks. We review a number of studies which show the effectiveness of inter-professional substitution in various care settings, and also the effectiveness of substitution by those other than health professionals. The views of users of health services on inter-professional substitution need to be considered. Health professionals and others need to work together to devise innovative ways of delivering effective health care. The legal issues need clarification.
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Powers, Samantha Rae, Michele W. Gazica, and Karen K. Myers. "Emotional Communication and Human Sustainability in Professional Service Firms (PSFs)." Sustainability 14, no. 7 (March 29, 2022): 4054. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14074054.
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This study examines the role of work-related emotional communication in promoting the well-being and sustainability of professionals working for professional service firms (PSFs), which depend upon the well-being of their professionals for their own organizational sustainability. Using survey data from 1465 attorneys, a structural equation model was tested including key work-related emotional communication variables as mediators between a dichotomous variable of professional seniority and three dimensions of burnout. Results showed that more experienced attorneys’ reliance on automatic regulation over surface acting has a significant effect on reported burnout. There is no difference based on professional seniority in use of deep acting or communicative responsiveness. We conclude with a discussion of the findings and theoretical and practical implications, as well as provide suggestions for future research.
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MacDONALD, CHRIS. "Relational Professional Autonomy." Cambridge Quarterly of Healthcare Ethics 11, no. 3 (May 17, 2002): 282–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0963180102113090.
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The notion of “relational” autonomy—as described by feminist scholars such as Susan Sherwin and Anne Donchin—has been the subject of a significant body of literature over the last few years and has recently generated some interest within the field of bioethics. Although the focus of this interest has been the autonomy of ordinary moral agents, the analysis of relational autonomy can usefully be extended to apply to the autonomy of professionals, not only as individual moral agents, but in their roles as professionals as well. In this paper, I argue that professional autonomy, rightly understood, is relational in nature. This understanding of professional autonomy stands to improve our understanding of professional ethics, as well as providing a particular, concrete example of what we mean when we call autonomy “relational” and “socially embedded.
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Harrington, Brooke, and Leonard Seabrooke. "Transnational Professionals." Annual Review of Sociology 46, no. 1 (July 30, 2020): 399–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-soc-112019-053842.
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This review answers recent calls to consider the transformative role of transnational professionals in contemporary globalization. It departs from the dominant perspective, which views professions as constrained by states’ geographical boundaries and by organizations such as nationally based professional associations. Transnational professionals have particular characteristics: they combine high-level abstract knowledge, high mobility across national and organizational settings, social and cultural capital, and distributed agency to shape global practices. Over the past two decades, a vibrant research stream has emerged on these professionals and their boundary-crossing work, raising new questions about agency, territoriality, and power. We examine transnational professionals across a range of occupations and sectors, as well as world regions, extracting the implications for sociological theory and methods. We outline a scholarly agenda highlighting the opportunity structures and likely trajectories for those who locate themselves in transnational professional spaces, suggesting how they can be investigated in future research.
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Maluf, Maria Elisa Zuliani, Andréa Fogli Maldonado, Marcos Eduardo Bercial, and Soraya Ayres Pedroso. "Stethoscope: a friend or an enemy?" Sao Paulo Medical Journal 120, no. 1 (January 3, 2002): 13–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1516-31802002000100004.
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CONTEXT: The stethoscope is a universal tool in the hospital that is in direct contact with many patients and can therefore be a vector in the dissemination of bacterial infections. OBJECTIVE: To research the presence of bacteria, fungi and yeast on the stethoscope diaphragm and the resistance of bacteria to antimicrobial drugs. DESIGN: Descriptive, prospective, non-controlled. SETTING: A tertiary care hospital. SAMPLE: Samples were taken randomly from 300 stethoscopes employed by medical staff (medical residents, medical students, nurses and nursing school students) and other sectors of the hospital. MAIN MEASUREMENTS: Three hundred stethoscope diaphragms used in several sectors of the hospital facilities by medical doctors (63 samples), medical residents (54 samples), medical students (106 samples), nursing school students (33 samples) and specific sectors (36 samples) were analyzed. Material was collected randomly. It was collected with the aid of a sterile swab moistened in physiological solution, inoculated into Brain Heart Infusion media and incubated in an oven for 24 to 48 hours. After this period, the samples were inoculated into blood agar, MacConkey agar and Sabouraud media and identified by Gram staining and biochemical assays. An assay to test bacteria sensitivity to antibiotics was also carried out by the Kirby-Bauer method. RESULTS: Eighty-seven percent of the analyzed stethoscopes were contaminated. Gram-positive cocci, yeasts, fungi and Gram-positive and negative bacilli were isolated. There was no significant association between the most predominant microorganisms and professional category. Staphylococcus aureus, Staphylococcus negative coagulase and Bacillus were significantly more frequent in relation to the presence of more than one microorganism on the stethoscope diaphragm. CONCLUSION: Stethoscopes presented a high rate of contamination and their use without precautions can spread nosocomial infections.
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Giancola, Frank L. "Are Employee Benefit Programs Being Given Enough Credit for Their Effect on Employee Attitudes?" Compensation & Benefits Review 44, no. 5 (September 2012): 291–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0886368712464471.
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Over the past 10 years, human resources (HR) professionals have shown a tendency to underestimate the importance that employees place on employee benefit programs in terms of job satisfaction and employee attraction. Surveys show that employees value benefits over most other HR programs and that HR professionals are not in tune with those preferences. Possible reasons for the difference in opinion are that HR professionals are unaware of employee survey findings, the lack of respect sometimes given to benefit programs by HR professional associations and consultants and outdated job satisfaction studies cited in human resource and organizational behavior textbooks.
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McKean, Mark R., Gary Slater, Florin Oprescu, and Brendan J. Burkett. "Do the Nutrition Qualifications and Professional Practices of Registered Exercise Professionals Align?" International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 25, no. 2 (April 2015): 154–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.2014-0051.
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Australia has approximately 26,000 registered exercise professionals (REP), in comparison with 3,379 accredited practicing dietitians (APD). The REP workforce has the potential to reach more than 10% of the Australian population but there is limited data on their educational background and professional behaviors with regards to nutritional counseling of clients. The purpose of this research was to determine if REPs are working within their scope of practice and if their qualifications align with their practice, specifically as it relates to nutrition advice. Using a cross sectional descriptive study design, a self-administered online survey of REPs was conducted over 5 months. REPs were recruited through electronic and social media using a snowballing technique. The study focused on education, nutrition advice, and sources of information. A total of 286 respondents completed the survey, including 13 with tertiary dietetic qualifications i.e., APDs. The nationally recognized industry Certificate III/IV in Fitness was the most common qualification. The majority of REPs responding (88%) were working outside of their professional scope of practice, offering individual nutrition advice to clients across fitness and medical issues. This was despite 40% of REPs undertaking no further training in nutrition since graduating, and primarily basing advice on use of readily accessible sources of nutrition information. It is recommended the nutrition advice provided to REPs during training be limited to general nonmedical nutrition information in accordance with nationally endorsed evidence based guidelines and that issues pertaining to scope of practice be addressed with onward referral to other health professionals be advocated.
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Lifton, Robert Jay. "On Becoming Witnessing Professionals." Daedalus 149, no. 4 (October 2020): 25–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/daed_a_01814.
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I came to view my work with Hiroshima survivors in 1962 as not only a scientific study but a form of bearing witness to what the bomb did to human beings in that city. I tried to bring professional knowledge and experience to that effort, to become what I later called a witnessing professional. Nuclear and climate issues interacted in that early study, and have continued to be inseparable for all of us. I draw upon examples of witnessing professionals over the course of our struggles with these two planetary threats. In each case, they had to expose and combat the malignant normality, the dangerous prevailing assumptions and narratives, of their time. In that way, these professionals have contributed to important social movements. They have also deepened–as we too can–the ethical dimensions of professional work.
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Lynas, Kathie. "Agreement over Ontario professional allowances." Canadian Pharmacists Journal 140, no. 6 (November 2007): 359. http://dx.doi.org/10.3821/1913-701x(2007)140[359a:aoopa]2.0.co;2.
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Lipley, Nick. "Warning over EN professional development." Emergency Nurse 14, no. 4 (July 2006): 3. http://dx.doi.org/10.7748/en.14.4.3.s7.
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Beagan, Brenda L., Kaitlin R. Sibbald, Stephanie R. Bizzeth, and Tara M. Pride. "Factors influencing LGBTQ+ disclosure decision-making by Canadian health professionals: A qualitative study." PLOS ONE 18, no. 2 (February 1, 2023): e0280558. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0280558.
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Disclosure of LGBTQ+ identities at work may reap benefits, but may also exacerbate harms. Faced with ambiguous outcomes, people engage in complex concealment/disclosure decision-making. For health professionals, in contexts of pervasive heteronormativity where disclosure to patients/clients is deemed to violate professional boundaries, stakes are high. This qualitative study with 13 LGBTQ+ health professionals across Canada used semi-structured interviews to explore factors affecting disclosure decision-making, particularly attending to power structures at multiple levels. Most participants engaged in constant risk-benefit assessment, disclosing strategically to colleagues, rarely to clients/patients. At the individual level they were affected by degree of LGBTQ+ visibility. At the institutional level they were affected by the culture of particular professional fields and practice settings, including type of care and type of patients/clients, as well as colleague interactions. Professional power–held by them, and held by others over them–directly affected disclosures. Finally, intersections of queer identities with other privileged or marginalized identities complicated disclosures. Power relations in the health professions shape LGBTQ+ identity disclosures in complex ways, with unpredictable outcomes. Concepts of professionalism are infused with heteronormativity, serving to regulate the gender and sexual identity expression of queer professionals. Disrupting heteronormativity is essential to forge more open professional cultures.
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Jensen, Robert. "Journalists and the Overtime Provisions of the Fair Labor Standards Act." Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly 73, no. 2 (June 1996): 417–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/107769909607300212.
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News media owners and workers have been struggling over whether journalists are professionals under federal law and exempt from mandatory overtime payments. Owners argue that journalists are professionals and need not be paid overtime; journalists disagree. This article reports on recent case law, which supports the journalists' position, and suggests a more detailed examination of the meaning of “professional” beyond the law is needed.
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Liping, Bai. "Professionals and translation in a “literary translation system”." Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 62, no. 4 (December 31, 2016): 552–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.62.4.02lip.
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The issue related to professionals is an important one in the field of translation studies. Lefevere holds that professionals play an important part in the literary system and may ensure “the literary system does not fall too far out of step with the other subsystems society consists of”. This article first explores Lefevere’s use of the term “professionals” and then proposes to study professionals in a “literary translation system” instead of a literary system. The focus of this “literary translation system” is translators or translations, and it is a system in which various factors including translators, patrons, professionals, etc. interact with each other. Taking into consideration of the factors of economy and expertise, we can define a professional as someone who lives from certain special knowledge he/she has acquired. In the “literary translation system”, a professional can be a university teacher, an editor, a critic, a reviewer, etc., who has acquired special knowledge of literary translation. The interaction between professionals and translators is also investigated through a case study of the debate over different Chinese versions of the French novel The Red and the Black.
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Chafetz, Janet Saltzman, Jon Lorence, and Christine Larosa. "Gender Depictions of the Professionally Employed: A Content Analysis of Trade Publications, 1960–1990." Sociological Perspectives 36, no. 1 (March 1993): 63–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1389442.
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Visual gender depictions in six trade publications are examined in decennial years from 1960 through 1990 to assess whether greater female participation in professional occupations and editorial staffs has helped reduce gender stereotyping of professional women. Greater relative numbers of women in the occupation over time and an increasing share of female editors result in more favorable portrayals of women as professional, confident, independent, and attractive. Although the positive portrayal of women by male-dominated professional journals increased over the last four decades, more male-oriented professional publications still display women less favorably than occurs in female-dominant trade journals. Separate analyses by visual type reveal that women are depicted in a less positive manner across advertisements than other visuals, probably because women have less control of ad content. Findings indicate the importance of agents who control visual depictions for the maintenance or reduction of gender stereotyping in the professions. Likely ramifications of such stereotypes for women professionals and for professional behavior in general are discussed.
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Sethi, Ahsan, and Gohar Wajid. "Continuing Professional Development for Doctors in Pakistan is need of the hour." Health Professions Educator Journal 3, no. 1 (January 4, 2020): 7–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.53708/hpej.v3i1.714.
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In Pakistan, health professionals get their professional undergraduate and postgraduate qualifications after thorough training and assessment criteria as defined by their respective national regulatory bodies. These qualifications help them get registered and get a license for clinical practice in their respective domains. Any registrations and licenses are renewed by paying the prescribed fee without any requirements for reassessment or recertifications. Over the last few decades, health sciences have shown rapid advancements with the invention of new drugs and technologies. Due to this exponential increase in knowledge, no practitioner can hope to remain competent for more than a few years after graduation without a program of active learning. As such, a well-structured and regulated program of lifelong learning must be followed by all health professionals. To keep health professionals abreast with these changes and to ensure the maintenance of certain minimum competencies, there is a need for Continuing Professional Development (CPD) to be implemented at the national level with strict regulatory compliance. According to World Federation for Medical Education (World Federation for Medical Education, 2015), Continuing Professional Development (CPD) is a process of education and training commencing after completion of basic and postgraduate medical education, thereafter, continuing as long as the health professional is engaged in professional activities. CPD mainly implies self-directed and practice-based learning activities in addition to supervised education, and rarely involves supervised training for an extended period of time. The terms ‘Continuing Medical Education (CME)’ and ‘Continuing Professional Development (CPD)’ are often used synonymously.
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Kisilowska, Helena. "Współdziałanie administracji publicznej z samorządami zawodowymi w zakresie nadawania uprawnień do wykonywania zawodu na przykładzie architektów i inżynierów budownictwa." Acta Iuridica Resoviensia 34, no. 3 (2021): 135–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/actaires.2021.3.10.
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The article presents the legal framework for cooperation between public administration and professional self-governments of architects and civil engineers on granting professional qualifications and recognition of qualifications. The article’s thesis is that the scale of existing problems requires the alignment on terminology and development of right forms of collaboration between the two parties. Moreover, it requires the supervision over the implementation of the delegated tasks; it is assumed that the delegation of tasks does not imply the delegation of accountability. By delegating tasks public administrations can focus on their core missions without being distracted by the tasks requiring narrow expertise. They can also leverage the competences of licensed professionals and professionals with recognized qualifications.
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Cloyd, C. Bryan. "Discussion of Contextual Features of Tax Decision-Making Settings." Journal of the American Taxation Association 21, s-1 (January 1, 1999): 74–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/jata.1999.21.s-1.74.
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Tax practice has evolved over the past decade from being predominantly concerned with tax compliance to a major focus on tax planning. Significant challenges for researchers interested in tax professional judgment and decision making (JDM) are (1) understanding the current environment of tax professionals, (2) identifying research questions that are relevant to this environment, and (3) appropriately capturing the essential elements of the current environment in the experimental setting. The research question addressed in Magro (1999) is related to this first challenge—understanding the current environment or context in which tax professional JDM occurs. Specifically, the research question addressed in this study is whether experienced tax professionals perceive differences between certain contextual features of tax-planning and compliance tasks.
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Nagatani, Yukiko, Rintaro Imafuku, and Yukie Nakai. "Broadening the Dental Hygiene Students’ Perspectives on the Oral Health Professionals: A Text Mining Analysis." Dentistry Journal 10, no. 9 (August 29, 2022): 160. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/dj10090160.
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Professional identity formation, an important component of education, is influenced by participation, social relationships, and culture in communities of practice. As a preliminary investigation of dental hygienists’ professional identity formation, this study examined changes in the dental hygiene students’ perceptions of oral health professionals over the three years of their undergraduate program. At a Japanese dental hygiene school, 40 students participated in surveys with open-ended questions about professional groups several times during their studies. The text data were analyzed through content analysis with text mining software. The themes that characterized their dental hygienist profession perceptions in their programs each year were identified as: “Supporters at the dental clinic”; “Engagement with interprofessional care” and “Improved problem-solving skills for clinical issues regarding the oral region”; and “Active contribution to general health” and “Recognition of the roles considering relationships” (in the first, second, and third years, respectively). The students acquired professional knowledge and recognized the significance and roles of oral health professionals in practice. They gained more learning experiences in their education, including clinical placements and interprofessional education. This study provides insight into curriculum development for professional identity formation in dental hygiene students.
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Chown, Jillian. "Financial Incentives and Professionals’ Work Tasks: The Moderating Effects of Jurisdictional Dominance and Prominence." Organization Science 31, no. 4 (July 2020): 887–908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1287/orsc.2019.1334.
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This research addresses the important question of how organizations can use financial incentives to influence the work tasks of their professional workforce—a constituency that is notoriously difficult to manage because of their specialized knowledge, considerable autonomy, strong socialization, and powerful professional norms. In particular, I explore how a baseline incentive effect is moderated by two features of professionals’ tasks and jurisdictions: jurisdictional dominance (i.e., how much the profession controls the provision of the task relative to other professions) and jurisdictional prominence (i.e., how commonly provided the task is within a profession relative to other tasks). Using data on thousands of physician tasks from Ontario, Canada, and a difference-in-differences empirical design, I find that professionals’ incentive responses are smaller when a profession has higher jurisdictional dominance over a task, but are larger when the task has higher jurisdictional prominence within the profession. This research contributes to the literature on professions and professionals in multiple ways. First, I introduce the concepts of jurisdictional dominance and jurisdictional prominence, distinguishing them from each other and from existing conceptions of professional control. Second, this study shows that financial incentives can be an effective tool for influencing professionals, but highlights that their efficacy is shaped by a task’s jurisdictional dominance and jurisdictional prominence. Finally, I show that these new conceptions of jurisdictional control influence professionals’ behaviors in meaningful ways and should therefore be considered in future studies of professions.
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Badea, Ariadna, Nicolae Paun, Cristina Fleseriu, and Dragos Paun. "Changing Times: The Impact of Digitalization on the Behavior of Professionals and Their Perception towards Development." Behavioral Sciences 12, no. 5 (May 10, 2022): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/bs12050139.
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In 2020, the educational system was taken by surprise by the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. Most of the educational institutions were delivering face-to-face classes and were forced to switch to online teaching in a very short period of time due to lockdown measures and the health and safety measures put in place by public authorities. In addition to universities, professional courses were also forced to be delivered online. Most of the time, these professional courses are important because they are directly linked to keeping the right to practice. The present paper focuses on the changing pattern in behavior of professionals and their acceptance of online courses. By applying over 1000 questionnaires in a timespan of more than one year, we have studied the impact of digitalization on the behavior and perception of professionals. We measured if the change towards online courses could be sustainable in the long run. The results of our study show that the behavior of professionals is different than those of students and that the online courses can be a long-term solution for education in professional environments.
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Levay, Charlotta, and Caroline Waks. "Professions and the Pursuit of Transparency in Healthcare: Two Cases of Soft Autonomy." Organization Studies 30, no. 5 (May 2009): 509–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0170840609104396.
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Contemporary professions are increasingly challenged to open up to scrutiny from the outside. Earlier research is focused on two main types of responses and consequences: colonization by a managerial logic of self-monitoring and decoupling of auditing and professional practice. This paper describes a different type of response which implies that professionals get actively involved in monitoring their own activities, without losing their professional autonomy. Two cases from Swedish healthcare were investigated: accreditation at a hospital laboratory and the national quality registries. In both cases, professional involvement took the form of translation and negotiation in expert networks, restrained by a certain resistance towards external monitoring, but driven by an interest in legitimizing and developing professional work. The resulting situation is characterized as a `soft autonomy' which combines professional internalization of originally non-professional auditing ideas with maintained professional control over evaluation criteria.