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1

Allen, Nick. "Injury incidence and severity in professional ballet dancers over three years." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/324082.

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Although the benefits of exercise are well documented, the risk of injury as a result of exercise is also documented. The undertaking of exercise in the form of sport or dance carries a risk of injury. This risk is increased in the professional ranks where increased intensity of exercise coupled with greater exposure periods are noted. Two published systematic reviews of the literature pertaining to musculoskeletal injuries and pain in dancers (up to 2008) indicated that there are still major scientific limitations and biases in the literature reviewed and indicated the need for explicit criteria on injury definition and methods of injury reporting. The reviews did comment on the evidence that musculoskeletal injury is an important issue for all dancers and that there is preliminary evidence that comprehensive injury prevention and management strategies may reduce injuries. The purpose of this single cohort observational study was to document injury incidence and severity in professional ballet dancers over three years including any changes as a result of changes within their medical management. While it is recognised that a randomised control trial would be advocated for an interventional study, due to the demands of this high performance environment this was not feasible. As such, steps were taken to improve the reporting of findings through the utilisation of the Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) Statement. To date there are two publications in peer reviewed journals as a result of the data collected in this study. In the absence of international consensus on injury data collection in dance the methodology employed in this study was consistent with the International Consensus Statements on injury data collection from sport. Although the incidence of injuries in Year 1 was lower than that in other sports, the results were higher than other studies that have been reported in dance. The reason for this may be due to the use of a more encompassing injury definition. In response to the data and details obtained through the injury audit process changes in the comprehensive medical management of the dancers were implemented. The pre-participation screening was extended and the individual conditioning programmes were structured using the developed Hybrid Intervention Model. The result of the injury auditing indicated a significant reduction in injury incidence in the Year 2, with a further reduction in Year 3. These findings support the results of the systematic reviews in that there is growing evidence that comprehensive injury prevention and management strategies may reduce injuries in dance and that in the absence of stronger evidence there is a strong recommendation for those charged with caring for professional dancers to implement comprehensive medical management programmes.
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2

Weston, Marla J. "Antecedents of Control Over Nursing Practice." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195140.

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Control over nursing practice (CONP) is a participatory process through which nurses have input and engage in decision making about the context of practice and unit operations related to nursing practice. CONP has been associated with a number of positive outcomes related to nurse satisfaction, nurse status, effectiveness of patient care, and quality of patient outcomes. However, no comprehensive model has been created nor comprehensive analysis been conducted related to approaches for increasing CONP. This study tested a hypothesized model of antecedents to CONP developed from a review of the literature in nursing, psychology, and organizational management using a complexity theory perspective.The study used a nonexperimental, comparative design. The sample for data analysis consisted of 28 nurse managers and 583 staff nurses from 32 units in 10 hospitals. Existing instruments were used in a paper and pencil format to collect demographic and perceptual data on CONP and the hypothesized antecedent variables. Data were aggregated to provide an analysis of organizational and unit level contextual and variable effects related to CONP.Contextual regression indicated a greater influence of unit-level variables than organizational-level variables on nurses' perceptions of CONP. Regression analyses and revised model testing demonstrated that nurse manager supportiveness, implementation of a formal structure for CONP, and information flow consisting of open and accurate communication were positively related to CONP. Hierarchy of authority was negatively related to CONP. The relationship between CONP and job codification and autonomy varied based upon the measurement of the dependent variable. Manager's perception that participative decision making enhances organizational effectiveness; manager's perception that participative decision making does not reduce their power; nurses' experience, expertise, and educational preparation; and nurses' desire for control did not significantly relate to CONP as hypothesized.This study contributes to nursing research and clarifies strategies for improving the work environment for nurses by delineating antecedents to CONP in the acute care hospital setting. These data will be useful to nurses, nurse managers, and hospital administrators who want to improve patient safety, reduce patient mortality, increase nurse satisfaction, and increase nurse retention.
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3

Spittler, Marc M. "The Antecedents and Consequences of Teacher Professional Discretion Over Curriculum and Instruction| A Grounded Theory Inquiry." Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10666339.

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With the ever-changing requirements of a secondary level of education and the application of standardized testing criteria to determine proficiency in mastery of the subject matter, the attempt to create a standard and acceptable curriculum for all school sites has left the control of the schools. Now classrooms are scrambling for focus, guidance and support with curriculum development and implementation. Over the last three decades, there have been numerous research studies that have examined the place of the classroom teacher in the process of creating curriculum for their classroom with mixed results. The efforts to reform secondary education, from the federal level to the local level, have shut out the local input from teachers and professionals in their particular fields as to what the curriculum in the classroom should be and left that decision to people outside the classroom environment.

This research study was conducted to derive a theory developed on the empirical basis of teacher input through the lens of the methodology of grounded theory. Its goal was to identify the underlying issues and problems associated with classroom teachers; input into local curriculum as well as the barriers to changing the prevailing thought of classroom teachers on curriculum. Classroom teachers from two separate academic subject matters that are currently being taught at the middle school level were interviewed and their responses were coded using the classical grounded theory methodology and processes.

The resulting research shows that the involvement of classroom teachers is considered a benefit to the local curriculum development, regardless of experience in the classroom or length of service as a teacher. While most teachers feel that their input is paramount to learning in their particular classroom, teachers admit that they lack the skills to effectively create curriculum for implementation. It is in this manner that teachers strive to do what is best for their students; however, in some cases they lack the support and direction from the district, state or federal level. Knowing the issue as it appears to the classroom teacher, the creation, implementation and execution of locally created curriculum would be and is met with great resistance due to the adherence to the prevailing thoughts on curriculum development at the state of federal level and the need to comply with and execute the curriculum within the existing frameworks.

Further studies in looking at the existence of and use of locally teacher created and implemented curriculum, in different state or regional areas, would contribute to a better and clearer understanding of the particular issues that surround and deal with teacher involvement in the classroom curriculum decision making process. It is believed that the use of the grounded theory model as a methodological research tool provides a pathway for all interested parties to be open and candid about the issue and provide a better introspective look at the issues at hand.

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4

Spittler, Marc. "The Antecedents and Consequences of Teacher Professional Discretion Over Curriculum and Instruction: A Grounded Theory Inquiry." Doctoral diss., University of Central Florida, 2012. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5514.

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With the ever-changing requirements of a secondary level of education and the application of standardized testing criteria to determine proficiency in mastery of the subject matter, the attempt to create a standard and acceptable curriculum for all school sites has left the control of the schools. Now classrooms are scrambling for focus, guidance and support with curriculum development and implementation. Over the last three decades, there have been numerous research studies that have examined the place of the classroom teacher in the process of creating curriculum for their classroom with mixed results. The efforts to reform secondary education, from the federal level to the local level, have shut out the local input from teachers and professionals in their particular fields as to what the curriculum in the classroom should be and left that decision to people outside the classroom environment. This research study was conducted to derive a theory developed on the empirical basis of teacher input through the lens of the methodology of grounded theory. Its goal was to identify the underlying issues and problems associated with classroom teachers; input into local curriculum as well as the barriers to changing the prevailing thought of classroom teachers on curriculum. Classroom teachers from two separate academic subject matters that are currently being taught at the middle school level were interviewed and their responses were coded using the classical grounded theory methodology and processes. The resulting research shows that the involvement of classroom teachers is considered a benefit to the local curriculum development, regardless of experience in the classroom or length of service as a teacher. While most teachers feel that their input is paramount to learning in their particular classroom, teachers admit that they lack the skills to effectively create curriculum for implementation. It is in this manner that teachers strive to do what is best for their students; however, in some cases they lack the support and direction from the district, state or federal level. Knowing the issue as it appears to the classroom teacher, the creation, implementation and execution of locally created curriculum would be and is met with great resistance due to the adherence to the prevailing thoughts on curriculum development at the state of federal level and the need to comply with and execute the curriculum within the existing frameworks. Further studies in looking at the existence of and use of locally teacher created and implemented curriculum, in different state or regional areas, would contribute to a better and clearer understanding of the particular issues that surround and deal with teacher involvement in the classroom curriculum decision making process. It is believed that the use of the grounded theory model as a methodological research tool provides a pathway for all interested parties to be open and candid about the issue and provide a better introspective look at the issues at hand.
Ed.D.
Doctorate
Education and Human Performance
Education
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5

Coombs, Catherine Eleanor Brown. "State change in the Punjab : professional and personal experiences of British civil servants over India's independence and beyond." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2011. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/2089/.

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“The Government of one country by another inevitably leaves its mark on both ruler and ruled.1 The 1947 partition which accompanied the independence of India and Pakistan was a colonial tragedy which as yet has not been fully explored. The extent of the violence which accompanied the division of Bengal and Punjab has invited recourse to explanations which emphasise its exceptionalism. This thesis uses a case study of British Indian Civil Service (I.C.S.) officers in 1930s and 40s Punjab to challenge this representation, and suggest how the mentality of late colonial rule accepted violence as a fundamental aspect of Indian nature. The sources used are memoirs, recounting brief colonial careers after several decades of subsequent work back at 'home' in Britain or elsewhere in Britain's declining empire. These experiences shape a collective memory of colonial Punjab which is transmitted as a remarkably cohesive narrative form. The unity of message gives important insights into the mind-set of the I.C.S. at district level, and its surviving esprit de corps beyond the colonial environment. Collective memory alongside fictional representations have disseminated an image of the I.C.S. which emphasises its power and prestige; this thesis challenges the extent of that authority to suggest how reliance upon local networks of control facilitated continuity in styles of local governance in Punjab post-1947. The memoirs in this thesis have attracted previous attention in nostalgic histories of the Raj and its lifestyles. Whilst this has led to them being overlooked by historians in the past, this thesis argues that the use of these accounts in popular representations of empire in Britain has made them vital to understanding the idealised, romantic imagery of empire which still survives today.
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6

Alinejad, Ali. "Cross layer ultrasound video streaming over mobile WiMAX and HSUPA networks." Thesis, Kingston University, 2012. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/23718/.

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It is well known that the evolution of 4G-based mobile multimedia network systems will contribute significantly to future m-health applications that require high bandwidth and fast data rates. Central to the success of such emerging applications is the compatibility of broadband networks such as mobile WiMAX (IEEE 802.16e) and RSVP A, and especially their rate adaption issues combined with the acceptable real time medical quality of service requirements. The design of effective broadband mobile healthcare systems usmg emerging WiMAX and RSxP A networks is important from the medical perspective especially in applications such as remote medical ultrasound diagnostic systems. In this thesis, we introduce a new cross layer design approach for medical video streaming over mobile WiMAX and RSVP A networks. In particular, we propose an approach based on optimising medical Quality of Service (m-QoS) in mobile WiMAX network environments described in this work. Preliminary performance analysis of the proposed cross layer algorithm has been evaluated via simulation studies. These results show that the proposed cross layer optimizer achieves improved performance compatible with the necessary medical QoS requirements and constraints for the relevant clinical application. Furthermore, this work addresses the relevant challenges of cross layer design requirements for real time rate adaptation of ultrasound video streaming in Mobile WiMAX and RSVP A networks. The comparative performance analysis of such approach is validated in two experimental m-health testbed systems for both Mobile WiMAX and RSVP A networks. The experimental results show an improved performance of Mobile WiMAX compared to the RSVP A using the same cross layer optimisation approach. Additionally, we map the medical QoS to typical WiMAX QoS parameters in order to optimise the performance of these parameters in typical m-health scenarios. Preliminary performance analysis of the proposed multiparametric scenarios is evaluated to provide essential information for future medical QoS requirements and constraints.
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7

Löfmark, Ulrika. "Stroke with a focus in the elderly : from a gender and socioeconomic perspective /." Umeå : Univ, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-1099.

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8

Scharton, Susan Michelle. "What it means to be an elementary mathematics teacher changing practices and understandings over the course of preservice professional development /." Diss., Connect to a 24 p. preview or request complete full text in PDF format. Access restricted to UC campuses, 2007. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3259356.

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Thesis (Ed. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2007.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 26, 2007). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 199-204).
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9

Molinier, Edith. "Emotional Capital© and Emotional competencies, factors of sustainability in the personnel of a school serving students with Autism : ‘’A Better Chance School’’." Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON30047.

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Cette recherche a été développée sur le terrain dans une école spécialisée pour les élèves diagnostiqués du syndrome autistique : A Better Chance School, en Californie. Ces travaux s’appuient sur les fondements théoriques des concepts d’intelligence Emotionnelle, et de Capital Emotionnel©. Ces travaux portent sur les différences possibles de compétences entre les personnels éducatifs travaillant auprès d’élèves autistes qui perdurent et ceux qui quittent après quelques mois. Les résultats de l’analyse quantitative de données basées sur les tests d’intelligence émotionnelle à partir des batteries de test EQ Map® permettent de comparer les niveaux de compétences émotionnelles entre le personnel pérenne et le personnel non pérenne à l’ABC School. Les tests statistiques t-test pratiqués à partir du programme stata® démontrent une différence significative des scores d’intelligence émotionnelle et révèlent des scores supérieurs pour les éducateurs et enseignants pérennes par comparaison aux enseignants et éducateurs non pérennes. Le post test intra-groupe, effectué plusieurs mois plus tard sur la population d’éducateurs pérennes, à permis de montrer une différence significative pour une grande majorité des catégories d’échelles d’intelligence émotionnelle. Précisément, les catégories pour lesquelles il y a eu un développement significatif au cours des 18 mois d’expérience à ABC School sont les suivantes : Faculté de force émotionnelle mentale personnelle, créativité, compassion, résilience, connexion interpersonnelle, intégration de soi, compréhension émotionnelle d’autrui, quotient relationnel
This research was developed from the particular field work of a specialized school for students with autism at A Better Chance School in California. This Research was conducted through the framework of Emotional Intelligence Theories and the Emotional Capital© concept. This research targets the possible differences in emotional capital between sustainable educators and non sustainable educators working with students with autism. The results from quantitative data analysis based on the emotional Intelligence test EQ Map® allow to compare the level of emotional competencies between sustainable and non sustainable employees at ABC School. The statistical t-test performed with the program Stata® shows a significant difference and higher EQ scores for sustainable educators compared to non sustainable educators. The post test performed 18 months later on sustainable educators revealed a significant difference for a majority of scales on emotional intelligence. Precisely, the categories where the increase was significant after 18 months working at ABC school are the following ones : Mental and emotional personal strength abilities, creativity, compassion, resilience, connection interpersonal connection, integrated self, emotional awareness of others, relational quotient
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10

SCHWARTZ, MICHAEL BRYAN. "FIGHTING OVER THE PROFITS OF PROFESSIONAL SPORTS: USING THE LAW OF ANTITRUST AND INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY TO EXAMINE MEDIA RESTRICTIONS BY THE NATIONAL FOOTBALL LEAGUE." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192236.

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11

Pfarr, Mag Dietmar. "Civilian control of armed forces: challenges for the European Union." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/931.

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Approved for public release, distribution is unlimited
Since 1989 the study of democratic civil military relations has undergone a revival of the formation of new theory. These concepts deal with civilian control of armed forces at a national level. Since after the end of the Cold War, the European employment of military forces within a multinational framework became a regularity, it is now pertinent to ask whether and how these concepts fit at the international level. The construction of Europe and the rise of new security challenges raises the issue of democratic civil military relations in the European Union. The present thesis analyses classical and new theories of civil military relations and applies these to the current issue of security policy and the formation of strategy for a supra-national European Union.
Lieutenant Colonel, Austrian Army
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12

Jaffurs, Alexander C. "Teacher Perceptions of Teacher Evaluation Using the Teacher Performance Assessment System and Factors that Contribute to Teacher Quality, Professional Growth, and Instructional Improvement over Time." Thesis, University of Maryland, College Park, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10640553.

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The primary purpose of teacher evaluation is to improve teaching practice, which results in increased student achievement. In practice, however, evaluation systems have been generally used as sorting mechanisms for identifying the lowest performing teachers for selective termination. The school system in this study, like others, aspires to have all of its teachers consistently performing at a highly effective level. The problem of practice faced by the school system is the inability of a large number of teachers rated “effective” to summarily improve their practice over time and move to the “highly effective” rating. In essence, how does a teacher evaluation metric maximize the chances that those who remain in the profession become accomplished practitioners? This research triangulates teacher evaluation, self-reflection and their roles in improving teacher quality. The prevailing thought is that teachers who willingly engage in more formalized self-reflection and self-assessment yield higher degrees of teacher effectiveness as measured on a local teacher evaluation. The central focus of this study will investigate tenured teachers’ perceptions of the effect of their teacher evaluation tool on teacher quality and other factors that contribute to a teacher’s improvement of instructional performance over time. The researcher would also like to investigate the extent to which teacher cohorts—differentiated by demographic data—engage in formalized practices of self-reflection about their own teaching practice. Lastly, the researcher would like to determine whether or not tenured teachers who are evaluated with the local teacher evaluation tool actually improve their teacher effectiveness over time.

This study was conducted in a public, K-12 school system with 1420 teachers employed—39 of which are National Board Certified. This schools system is located in a rural/suburban school system and has utilized its current teacher evaluation system since 2000.

The findings of this study indicated that the majority of teachers—disaggregated by demographic teacher cohort—viewed their local teacher evaluation system somewhere along the continuum of neutral to satisfactory as a tool for building a teacher’s effectiveness over time. The overwhelming majority of teachers embraced the post-conference as the most impactful part of the entire evaluation process in building teacher quality; the least impactful was the pre-conference. Additionally, teacher respondents—agnostic of demographic—opined that while the local teacher evaluation system was perceived to be a both quality control and a compliance factor for teachers, less than half of all respondents believe that the system, assists teachers formatively as a tool for professional development. Per the respondents, it should be noted that the teacher evaluation system elicited the strongest reactions—both positive and negative—in teachers having experienced more than 20 formal observations. The research also conveyed that most teachers reported that there was much more embedded self-reflection in the evaluation system than hypothesized; most prominently, teachers cited that audio-taping, reviewing student performance data, completing a self-reflective checklist, and engaging in unstructured self-reflection were a few of the assorted self-reflective activities were facilitated by the evaluation system. Moreover, the data clearly demonstrated that all teachers engage in high degrees of reflection regardless of demographic cohort and a majority of teachers claim to already know how to “self-reflect.” In other words, the highest self-reported degree of reflection were those teachers already rated as “highly effective” in the local evaluation system. A prevalent trend in the data was that degrees of self-reflection matter and build more pronounced levels of teacher effectiveness over time. In essence, the fact that teachers participate in reflection does not seem to impact teacher quality; rather, the degree and amount to which one reflects is actually what matters in building instructional capacity in teachers. Other noticeable trends in the data were as follows: more years of teaching experience was inversely related to the degree to which a teacher self-reflects; over 30% of teachers with more than 20 years of experience reported that they do no self-reflect at all; the non-NBCT teacher cohort out reflects the NBCT cohort; NBCT teachers had the highest average evaluation rating out of every teacher cohort; and, teaching experience seems to mute any lack of reflection in a teacher’s evaluation rating; The other noticeable trend was that more formal observations for teachers did not translate into higher evaluation ratings over time. Overall, the two most impactful professional development activities cited by teachers were the following: participation in professional learning communities and peer coaching and mentoring, respectively.

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Hudson, Tina M., and Cathy Galyon-Keramidas. "Leaping over Firewalls! Identifying and Overcoming Barriers with School Districts to Promote Collaboration with Technology." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2017. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/4000.

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Institutes of higher education with teacher education programs are increasingly utilizing video technology for field supervision. Many rural school districts, however, are still reluctant to allow the use of video, even when it is required of edTPA. The presenters will discuss recent experiences and propose possible solutions based on research.
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Tholen, David, and Aaron Dix. "Needs Assessment for Patient Focused Healthcare Education in the Over-the-Road Professional Truck Driver and Survey of Intern’s view of Retail Pharmacy Involvement in Healthcare Education." The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/623998.

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Class of 2009 Abstract
OBJECTIVES: Truck drivers one of the most vital components of a country’s economy, and also one of the most medically underserved populations. To date, few studies have explored the healthcare needs of over the road truck drivers. The objective of this study is to determine if a need exists for the creation of a healthcare education program for over the road truck drivers and if retail pharmacy could be an effective setting for such a program. METHODS: A needs assessment analysis was used to examine available literature concerning the healthcare of over the road truck drivers. A multi-question survey was designed to illicit the feasibility of initiating a healthcare education program to over the road truck drivers in a retail pharmacy setting. This survey was administered to third year pharmacy interns, and 67 completed surveys were collected. RESULTS: Statistics from the selected literature showed over the road truck drivers had increased health risks and barriers to receive proper healthcare. Sixty-two percent of the pharmacy interns felt they could help provide healthcare education to over the road truck drivers, but 71% of interns felt that management wanted to have as little time as possible expended providing education and counseling. CONCLUSIONS: Over the road truck drivers are at increased risk of healthcare problems due to the demands of the profession and a healthcare education program is warranted to help
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Zonts, Jacob Michael. "The United States Growth over 16 Years of Student Correct Responses on the TIMSS: Are We Really That Far Behind?" BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3730.

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National rank on international assessments, as measured in Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study (TIMSS), gives a limited view of the data presented. This study used average scale score data from the TIMSS (1995, 1999, 2003, 2007, 2011) that were then disaggregated based on content domains (i.e., number, algebra, measurement, geometry, data, earth science, life science, physical science, biology, physics, and chemistry). These data were graphed to show the growth of the U.S. national average scale scores in comparison to three top scoring countries (i.e., Hong Kong, Japan, and Singapore), and three other post-industrial countries similar to the U.S. (i.e., England, Italy, and Australia) It was found that the eastern nations outperformed the western nations on science math question for the fourth and eighth grade. The gap between eastern and western nations grew from the fourth to eighth grades. For fourth- and eighth-grade science content domains, Singapore outperformed all other nations except in earth science where all nations were evenly matched. Additionally, percent correct statistics from the 2011 TIMSS Released Items were disaggregated based on subject (i.e., science and mathematics) and cognitive domain (i.e., knowing, applying, and reasoning). The released item scores, based on cognitive domain, were then averaged and the U.S. averages were compared with the averages of the above mentioned nations, using a series of t-tests. Singapore scored significantly higher in all categories except fourth-grade science cognitive domains knowing and applying. Hong Kong scored significantly higher in fourth- and eighth-grade mathematics cognitive domains knowing and applying and eighth-grade mathematics cognitive domain reasoning. Japan scored significantly higher in eighth-grade mathematics cognitive domains applying and reasoning as well as science cognitive domain applying. These findings suggest that the U.S. is lagging behind in some content domains and cognitive domains, but not all. The current study informs teachers, administrators, and policy makers of the specifics areas the U.S. needs improvement.
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Harber, Michael. "Exploring a South African solution to an international concern over auditor independence: The South African audit profession's opinions with regard to mandatory audit firm rotation." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/22838.

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The provision of assurance services, most notably the audit function, is an activity of public protection that requires a high degree of independence between the auditor and the audit client to ensure audit quality is achieved. Internationally, especially in the European Union, there is a legislated move towards mandatory audit firm rotation (MAFR) to ensure auditor independence. South Africa is currently faced with the decision of whether to change legislation and follow suit. Using a qualitative and descriptive methodology, through the use of semi-structured and open interviews with experienced South African audit partners, the direct and indirect effects of mandatory firm rotation on the audit profession was explored. This study will therefore present the opinions of the regulator and a small group of experienced audit partners, most being regional or national managing partners, from audit firms that perform public interest entity audits. Of particular interest will be the opinions of the respondents around (1) the state of independence in South Africa, (2) whether mandatory audit firm rotation will increase audit quality, (3) whether there are better alternatives to mandatory audit firm rotation, and (4) what the perceived direct and indirect effects of mandatory rotation will be within the South African legal and regulatory context. A particular emphasis is also placed on the argument from the national audit regulator that mandatory audit firm rotation, in addition to strengthening independence, will also reduce market concentration (promote competition) in the South African audit industry, as well as promote black economic transformation. The results show significant disagreement by the audit practitioners against the arguments in favour of mandatory audit firm rotation, with most claiming that it will not achieve an increase in audit quality and will produce many unintended consequences that will in their opinion actually reduce audit quality. There is a significant amount of agreement amongst the audit partners on the key issues and no partner interviewed is fully in favour of changing legislation to require MAFR. A number of alternative means for improving audit quality are suggested, which in the opinion of many of the partners, will be less damaging to audit quality and the audit profession.
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Speedy, Jane. "Singing over the bones : a narrative inquiry into the construction of research and practice cultures and professional identities by counsellor educators at the University of Bristol and within the UK." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/26ffd2fb-9f28-43c0-b1e5-8b3520ea5f14.

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Farahbakhsh, Arman, and Adam Elshani. "Mastering the accounting proficiency through practice : A dynamic view of the apprenticeship process between newly graduated accountants and supervisors as the accounting profession changes over time." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-48058.

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The accounting profession is through a natural progression constantly changing its shape. What was once known as traditional accounting is nowadays entailing moving towards a more service-minded occupation where the former bookkeepers are steadily transforming into accounting consultants. Nevertheless, since accountancy is commonly known as a craft which is supposed to be taught through supervision; this professional shift is crucially linked with the choice of teaching method within the apprenticeship process which takes place between an apprentice and an experienced supervisor. Prior research has revealed that a tolerant approach of teaching has beneficial impacts regarding corporative efficiency since it leads to a greater chance to adapt to environmental changes compared to a conservative approach of teaching.1Correspondingly, a conservative approach tends to result into limitations concerning creativity and innovation associated with an individual level. Accordingly, this paper has flourished a deeper understanding of the apprenticeship process by addressing insights and identifying reasons for why accounting firms which are examined in this study might possibly prefer a conservative approach instead of a tolerant approach given the comparative advantages related to a tolerant approach of teaching during the apprenticeship process. Aligned with this presented purpose, twelve semi-structured interviews were conducted within four different accounting firms located in Sweden; where one half of the respondents were newly graduated accountants while the other half supervisors. Through the identification of linguistic patterns stated during the interviews; we finally reached the conclusion that practical consistency and corporate values were arguments demonstrated in favor of applying a conservative approach during the apprenticeship process, while educational and technical reasoning was determinant factors for preferring a tolerant approach of teaching.
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Norrmén, Gunilla. "To be or not to be Sick Certified with Special Reference to Physician and Patient Related Factors." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Allmänmedicin och klinisk epidemiologi, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-120559.

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Objectives The aim of this thesis was to assess the importance of general practitioners (GP) and patient related factors for the GPs’ decision to sick certify or not to sick certify the patients. Study population and methods The data were obtained from a cross-sectional questionnaire study of GP-patient consultations. 65 GPs responded to one questionnaire about themselves and one questionnaire about each of the altogether 642 consultations. The patients responded to a questionnaire about themselves and the consultation, altogether 521 consultations. Various combinations of the three questionnaires were used in the four papers on which this thesis is based. Results Among GPs, long experience of family medicine and working part-time were significant determinants for issuing more sick leave certificates. Complaints perceived as clearly somatic by the physician decreased the chance of sick certifications, and complaints resulting in severe limitation of occupational work capacity, as assessed by the patient as well as the physician, increased the chance of sick certification, as did appointments for loco-motor complaints. Among work related factors, high ‘authority over decisions’ and high ‘social support’ were associated with reduced sickness certification probability. Worrying about illness or injury risks from work increased sickness certification. GPs and their patients took a fairly similar view to statements on health related and insurance system related matters. GPs’ opinions seem to have a greater impact than patients’ on the GPs’ decision to sickness certify a patient or not. Conclusions A number of patient and GP related factors were associated with the probability of getting sick certified. The patient’s own judgement of impaired work ability was important for sickness certification, but a shared judgement and decision between the GP and the patient appears probable in most cases.
Försäkringsmedicin
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Betters, Cherina O. "BRIDGE OVER TROUBLED WATER: CREATING AN ECOLOGY OF TRANSFORMATIVE CARE FOR STUDENTS AT RISK OF THEIR PROMISE." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/585.

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The teacher-student relationship is multidimensional and fluid. This is especially true for students who come from disadvantaged backgrounds. Educational leaders in the public school setting cannot control which students enroll at their school sites. The only thing teachers, as educational leaders in K-12 public education, have complete control over is the environment they create in their classrooms. Among those student groups most reflecting few gains on state and federal reports of proficiency data are students who typically come from backgrounds besieged with challenges or from historically underserved and marginalized communities. In this transcendental phenomenological study, the phenomenon investigated was how secondary teachers described their experiences in building relationships with students identified as at promise. A secondary public school setting was the focus of this study. The intent of this study was to understand the essence of the lived experiences of teachers as they described their experiences in building relationships with at-promise youth. Teachers must leverage themselves in the quest to form positive and strong relationships with their students. In shifting the adverse narrative about the political identity used to categorize these students, the antipathetic mindset related to these students in public schools too shall shift. Research has demonstrated that at-promise students respond best in school settings that provide a culture where teachers intentionally construct a caring interaction laden with respect and recognition. It is important to foster agency in at-promise students through the understanding of the social, political, and economic structures that served to impact their generational past, inform their present, and prepare their future. This research study focused on the complex dynamic of the teacher-student relationship. This research investigation connected the important role teachers play in the lives of their students, teacher mindset about at-promise student success, and how strong and positive teacher-student relationships have the potential to encourage agency in at-promise students through meaningful recognition of their promise for academic success over their presupposed risks. This study’s findings highlight the critical need for teachers to create intentional opportunities to foster strong teacher-student relationships with at-promise students.
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Frank, Peter. "Comparison of the U.S. and German approaches to democratic civil-military relations." Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2003. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion-image/03Jun%5FFrank.pdf.

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Thesis (M.A. in National Security Affairs)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2003.
Thesis advisor(s): Donald Abenheim, Hans Eberhard Peters. Includes bibliographical references (p. 121-126). Also available online.
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Gasbaoui, Julien. "Regard juridique sur les documents comptables." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AIXM1016.

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Les documents comptables occupent une place centrale dans la vie des affaires. Il est intéressant de porter un regard juridique sur eux pour plusieurs raisons. Tout d'abord, leur élaboration obéit à des règles se plaçant au service d'un objectif qui les dépasse : l'image fidèle. Le préparateur des comptes doit ainsi avoir le souci du lecteur des documents comptables, ce qui peut le conduire, dans certains cas, à déroger à la règle. Cette originalité dans la mise en œuvre de la règle comptable se double d'une originalité des qualifications comptables qui en découlent : les droits et obligations figurant dans les documents comptables sont soumis à une grille de lecture qui dépasse les catégories juridiques traditionnelles, ce qui ouvre de nouvelles perspectives pour le juriste, et conduit à remettre en cause la vision classique de l'activité comptable. Cet intérêt se renforce au moment de la réception juridique des documents comptables, qui invite à s'interroger sur les effets que l'on peut leur accorder. D'une part, quelle est la valeur juridique d'un enregistrement comptable : quelle est sa force probante ? Est-il éligible à la qualification d'acte juridique, voire d'engagement juridique unilatéral ? D'autre part, quelles sont les fonctions classiques des agrégats révélées par les documents comptables ? Doivent-elles être remises en cause par l'avènement des normes IFRS ? Enfin, quelles sont les sanctions attachées aux documents comptables ? Une telle question renvoie à la responsabilité des auteurs principaux, que sont les dirigeants, et à celle des professionnels du chiffre, que sont le commissaire aux comptes et l'expert-comptable
Accounting records hold a central place within the framework of business life. For a variety of reasons, it is interesting to consider these accounting records within the legal scope. First of all, the drafting of these documents is subjected to a special regulation which keystone is to present a true and fair view of the accounts. The person drafting the accounts should always keep in mind this purpose and the necessary readability of thesaid documents. This aim can sometimes lead this person to depart from the accounting rule. This originality of the implementation of the accounting rule has to be coupled with an originality of the subsequent accounting qualifications. The rights and obligations drawn up within the accounting records are subjected to a reading grid which goes beyond the classical legal categories. This specificity is opening new horizons to the legal expert and leads to a reconsideration of the traditional understanding of the accounting activity. This interest is strengthened at the time of the receipt of the accounting documents which suggests questioning ourselves about the effects of the latter. On the one hand, which is the legal force of an accounting record, in other words, what is its probative force? Can an accounting record be qualified as a legal transaction or perhaps even more as a unilateral contract? On the other hand, what are the traditional functions of the aggregates revealed by the accounting documents? Should these traditional functions be challenged by the IFRS standards? Finally, which sanctions are foreseen as to accounting documents?
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Ryan, Rachel Anne. "Enhancing 3D models with urban information : a case study involving local authorities and property professionals in New Zealand : quantifying the benefit of 3D over alternative 2D systems : a thesis submitted to the Victoria University of Wellington in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Building Science /." ResearchArchive @Victoria e thesis, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10063/1162.

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Aziz, Omer. "An exploration of the practice of prescribing and use of medicines, with a special focus on self-medication practices in the context of developing reform within the health care system in Kurdistan-Iraq." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/16083.

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This research has been undertaken to evaluate factors with an association with the practice of self-medication amongst respondents living within three cities within Kurdistan. The research was designed to be a cross-sectional one by arranging for data collection through the direct interviewing of respondents via the use of a questionnaire that had been prepared previously. In total, the investigation involved 627 pharmacist participants, 647 general participants, and 28 interviewees from various age groups. An explanatory design is a mixed methods approach with two phases, with quantitative data collection in the first phase, and qualitative data collection in a second; data collection was conducted using a non-probability convenience sampling technique. The primary reason for self-medication practice was that participants with previous experience of attending to the same disease. The information source regarding self-medicated drugs were previous prescriptions, community pharmacies and friends. The most common indication for self-medication was the common cold or fever/headache/infection, the drugs used to treat these conditions being most commonly antibiotics, then painkillers and preparations for coughs. From the general public, a sample of 647 participants was taken that consisted of 38.4% females and 61.6% males, with participant ages ranging from 18-70 years. Within the study, 12.4% of the cohort had a degree level of education from a university. Moreover, 243 participants had the belief that it was an acceptable practice to purchase antibiotics without a prescription. Self-medication was practiced by 14/28 of the interviewees, and 28/28 (100%) of the interviewees held the belief that the pharmacy always has someone with knowledge of medicines, and who can advise and provide medication. There were 627 pharmacist participants, of which 28.1% were female and 71.9% were male, and 57.2% of them holding a Diploma in Health Institution, and 39.2% of them having a Bachelors Pharmacy degree. 20.7% of participants disagreed with keeping records for the dispensing of drugs, and approximately 20% of participants had little or no ideas regarding the characteristics of pharmacy practice that are considered professional. It was discovered that, if asked by the customer, advice was provided by 82.5% of community pharmacists. The sale of antibiotics was the most common, followed by pain-killers. A 95.5% proportion of pharmacists sold all of the medicines as OTC medicine without prescription. In conclusion, medicines are used by the people of Kurdistan in an inventive way, with suggestions provided by lay people and members of family or friends, which is acted upon without a qualified healthcare professional being consulted.
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Tseng, Ching-An, and 曾慶安. "The spill-over effect of professional baseball player’s negative publicity on different stakeholders." Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/06876382162443804383.

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碩士
中興大學
行銷學系所
99
This research examines the negative spill-over effects caused by allied brand’s negative publicity. Focuses on how the negative spill-over effects influence the brand equity of team parent company’s brand, endorsed brand, alike team player and respective team. And we also discuss the negative spill-over effects on different kinds of fans/ spectators, performance/ value publicity, non-serious/ serious publicity and high/ low involvement. In this research we use personal interview respondants and internet respondants to collect data. And use the SPSS 17.0 and AMOS 18.0 to analyze pair-t test, Cohen’s d, SEM and regression. Results indicate that the brand negative publicity produce negative spill-over effects will influence the brand equity of team parent company’s brand, endorse brand, alike team player and respective team. As for the fans in social network, the serious degree of negative publicity will cause the lower brand equity of endorsed brand.
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Yan, Han-Jhang, and 顏漢彰. "A Study on Professional Engineer Discipline Cases: Focusing on Cases Published over the Past 14 Years." Thesis, 2019. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/bb4675.

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碩士
國立政治大學
法律科際整合研究所
107
Professional engineer discipline system is enacted to safeguard public safety and public interests. However, once the disciplinary procedure is initiated, the penalized professional engineer will be plagued by the procedure. Therefore, the purpose of this thesis is to research the common patterns of behavior in professional engineer discipline cases. After analyzing professional engineer discipline cases, it can be seen that the number of cases involving Articles 16 and 19 of the Professional Engineers Act is relatively large. The professional engineer discipline cases concerning certification can be classified into the following categories: whether documents are signed personally by the professional engineers, whether the professional engineer goes beyond the business scope specified on the professional engineer license, whether the professional engineer provides certification only for the works that are completed by himself/herself or under his/her supervision, whether the professional engineer breaches or neglects obliged liabilities on consigned duties, and whether the professional engineer breaches laws or regulations related to engineering practice. Besides, disciplinary actions are rarely imposed on professional engineers in the cases concerning conducting an appraisal. As for the discipline cases related to the breach of design liabilities, the patterns of behavior involve neglect of design, investigation, and drawings. As to the discipline cases in regard to the breach of construction supervision liabilities, the patterns of behavior involve materials, evaluation, alteration of design, the situation of the construction site, documents pertaining to construction supervision, and supervision on the contractor. From the cases related to the violation of Article 7 of Professional Engineers Act or Article 13 of Act governing the administration of professional engineering consulting firms, the professional engineer discipline committee infers whether a professional engineer practices only in one single firm or serves the duties on an exclusive (full-time) and continual basis through the date of subscription to or withdrawal from national health insurance or labor insurance.
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Diepeveen, Benjamin Philip. "PERSISTENT POWER? THE WEAKENING OF THE MEDICAL PROFESSION'S CONTROL OVER KNOWLEDGE IN CANADA." 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/34641.

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Canadian doctors have historically been an extremely powerful interest group. While there are many variables that account for their political influence, it is widely accepted that much of their power is due to their control over specialized knowledge. To determine whether or not physicians’ control over knowledge is changing, I examine doctors’ position relative to the state, the public and other health professionals. This research finds that, in all three relationships, physicians’ control over knowledge is weakening. Moreover, organized medicine’s response to these developments has largely been a strategy of co-optation, demonstrating that doctors are aware that these changes often cannot be openly fought. This strategy signals that the medical profession recognizes that some changes in its control over knowledge are bound to occur. This study concludes that these changes could contribute to a ‘critical juncture’ signalling the potential for significant change in the physician-state relationship.
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Hung-Teng, Guo, and 郭鴻騰. "A standard operation procedure for professional construction management in construction and turn-over phases of a construction project." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/98158512660522488850.

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碩士
國立臺灣科技大學
營建工程系
92
A standard operation procedure (SOP) is crucial for the construction and turn-over phase due to the versatile resources input and tedious operations involved. Literature review, case studies, and in-depth interviews with the experts are applied in this research to clarify responsibilities among project team members, as well as, to identify service contents of the professional construction management (PCM) body. A classification table stating responsibilities for each member, service contents for PCM, and a SOP for use in construction phase are proposed according to the quality documentation framework suggested by ISO 9000 series.
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"Personal Narratives of Health by TV Anchors and Reporters: Issues of Control Over Social Media and Professional Expression." Doctoral diss., 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2286/R.I.53781.

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abstract: Broadcast journalists often report on people dealing with illness or physical hardship, their difficulties and triumphs. But what happens when journalists personally experience those kinds of health-related issues? This study explores how 24 local and national on-air journalists share how they manage life with illness and hardship using personal narratives shared on their professional social media pages, detailing how the journalists navigate sharing a deeply personal experience while maintaining a professional journalistic persona. Thematic analysis found the journalists’ performed three acts when sharing personal health information in a public forum: they reported on their illness, they were transparent, and they justified their actions. Within the three themes a range of expression – from personal to professional – and influences over content were found, leading to the final overarching theme, implications and consequences on content creation. This dissertation finds a complicated struggle to maintain a professional self while acknowledging the urge to connect with others through a deeply personal experience.
Dissertation/Thesis
Doctoral Dissertation Journalism and Mass Communication 2019
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Marques, Miguel Ribeiro da Mota. "Introducing a salary cap in UEFA´s professional football leagues : would the special status of lex sportiva prevail over EU law?" Master's thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/27284.

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The relationship between the sporting governing bodies and the EU authorities has long been a tumultuous one. Sporting governing bodies have supported most of their controversial decisions on the doctrine of the specificity of sports, under which it has been hard to define a threshold for the legality of their actions. The introduction of Article 165 TFEU in 2009 and several prominent case law by the CJEU has helped to sustain this unique sui generis status of lex sportiva in the EU. In this context, the financial issues for clubs have arisen as one of the main topics in this controversial matter. This thesis seeks to embrace the specific issue of players’ salaries in European football leagues, which have considerably increased in the recent past, and the acceptance of salary caps by EU law. Players’ salaries represent the largest component of operating costs to club owners and salary caps place a limit on the amount of money that a club can spend on players’ salaries. Salary caps are a unique area for social, economic and legal studies, and its impact has been widely acknowledged. This thesis provides a legal assessment on the current structure of UEFA’s Financial Fair Play Regulations, with the break-even rule being considered as a soft type of salary cap, as well as a legal assessment on the eventual introduction of a hard salary cap. It concludes that the current Financial Fair Play Regulations are most likely in breach of EU law and that a hard salary cap will be a better candidate to qualify for an exemption under EU law and be deemed as legal. Nevertheless, it also concludes that the commonly known US hard salary caps are in fact soft types of salary caps and that the introduction of a truly hard salary cap in European football would be an innovative solution resulting in an uncertain legal assessment provided in a case-by-case analysis by the CJEU.
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Hurley, Kathleen. "The Melbourne story: an analysis of the city’s economy over the 2000s." Thesis, 2015. https://vuir.vu.edu.au/32278/.

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This thesis examines economic growth and change across the city of Melbourne over the 2000s. In the late 1970s to early 1980s, and again in the early 1990s, Melbourne was seen as having a bleak future, as a consequence of the deindustrialisation occurring in the city throughout the late twentieth century. However, Melbourne grew rapidly at the start of the twenty-first century, renewing its profile globally and attracting population. This thesis examines the factors behind the rise of Greater Melbourne over the 2000s, and specifically the rapid revival of the central city area of Melbourne. The study assesses the relevance of economic geography theories (the Global Cities hypothesis, the World City Network (WCN) and agglomeration economies) in relation to Melbourne’s economic growth. Globalisation related theories concerning knowledge cities and workers are also considered.
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Rocha, Bárbara Joana Cardoso da. "Reinserção no mercado de trabalho de indivíduos com formação superior e mais de 45 anos : o impacto do desemprego no bem-estar psicológico e na família." Master's thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.14/29936.

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As dificuldades de reinserção no mercado de trabalho, na perspetiva da maioria dos autores, podem ser provocadas por inúmeros fatores tais como: a idade, o género, a situação familiar, o nível educacional ou ocupacional e a duração do desemprego (Larsson, 2013), especialmente em indivíduos mais velhos. Neste sentido, este estudo procurou compreender o impacto das dificuldades de reinserção no mercado de trabalho sobre o bem-estar psicológico e sobre a família em indivíduos com mais de 45 anos e com formação superior. Através da utilização de uma metodologia de cariz qualitativo foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas a cinco participantes em áreas de formação e setores de atividade distintos, sendo que esta amostra foi intencional. A análise dos dados seguiu a perspetiva de análise de conteúdo. Como principais resultados, salienta-se o facto dos participantes apontaram como sendo a maior dificuldade à reinserção no mercado de trabalho, o fator idade. Devido a todas as dificuldades vividas no período de desemprego e nas diversas tentativas de reinserção, é possível concluir que todos os participantes sentiram implicações diretas no nível do bem-estar psicológico e na envolvente familiar. Na nossa perspetiva, os conhecimentos destes resultados trazem contributos positivos para o aumento de literatura ao redor da problemática em questão e para desmistificar os preconceitos associados ao grupo de indivíduos mais velhos.
The difficulties of reintegration into the labor market, from the perspective of most authors, can be caused by numerous factors such as: age, gender, family situation, educational or occupational level and duration of unemployment (Larsson, 2013), especially in older individuals. In this sense, this study sought to understand the impact of the difficulties of reinsertion in the labor market on the psychological well-being and familie from individuals over 45 years of age with higher education. Using a qualitative methodology, semi-structured interviews were conducted with five participants with different higher educational backgrounds of activity, this sample was intentional. The data analysis has followed the content analysis approach. As main results, the participants highlighted the age factor as the greatest difficulty to reinsertion in the labor market. Moreover, due to all the difficulties experienced during the period of unemployment and the various attempts to reintegrate, it is possible to conclude that all participants suffered direct implications on the level of psychological well-being and family environment. In our perspective, the knowledge of these results adds positive value to the increase of literature around the problematic in question and to demystify the prejudices associated with the group of older individuals.
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Mašková, Tereza. "Nařízení Brusel I a jiné procesní předpisy evropského mezinárodního práva soukromého (z pohledu ochrany spotřebitele)." Master's thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-329814.

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The diploma thesis entitled "The Brussels I Regulation and Other Procedural Legislation of European Private International Law (with regard to consumer protection)" as presented focuses in details primarily on the consumer protection under the relevant civil procedural law of the EU. The main objective is to analyse certain provisions of relevant law dealing with the effective protection of the weaker contracting party - consumer. The European Union's consumer protection legislation tends to strenghten the legal position of a consumer. The thesis underscores the importance of these special provisions, presents the original purposes, which have led to the adoption of them and the deduced conclusions supports by practical examples and by relevant European case law. It might be concluded that these provisions have created a special branch of the European civil procedure law. The text is divided into seven main chapters. The introduction includes the scope of the topic covered by the thesis. The first chapter is dedicated to the europeanization process of civil procedure and is primarily supposed to introduce the reader into the relevant issues of the thesis. The second chapter is intended to provide basic information about the conception of consumer protection law within the European context. It deals...
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ROSSI, Caterina. "Jack Nicholson, Al Pacino, Robert De Niro: modelli di recitazione nella New Hollywood." Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11562/393932.

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Il lavoro si colloca entro l’area di ricerca che si occupa dello studio dell’attore cinematografico e si focalizza sullo studio della recitazione di Jack Nicholson, Al Pacino e Robert De Niro nel periodo cronologico che si estende tra l’inizio degli anni Sessanta e la fine degli anni Settanta. I tre attori, infatti, in questo ventennio si affermarono come modelli attoriali, contribuendo al rinnovamento dell’Acting Hollywood Style. Affrontare lo studio della recitazione di questi tre interpreti significa confrontarsi anche con l’affinamento di una metodologia d’analisi dell’attore cinematografico. Si è deciso di orientare lo studio in senso prevalentemente filologico, interrogando soprattutto il testo, l’immagine filmica, che è il luogo dove effettivamente si concretizza la dimensione attoriale e dove essa interagisce per partecipare alla produzione di senso del film. La ricerca si articola su due livelli d’analisi: il primo livello indaga l’oggetto dal punto di vista teorico e prova a creare un metodo sistematico per studiare la performance, ed il secondo livello coincide con l’analisi filologica sul testo, ovvero i film interpretati dagli attori. I due piani si integrano a loro volta in una contestualizzazione storico-cronologica, al fine di stilare una mappa che studia le singole performance degli attori nel corso della loro carriera all’interno del periodo prescelto. Gli aspetti considerati sono molteplici: il corpo e la gestualità, l’uso della voce, l’interazione con gli altri elementi dell’estetica del film e con la poetica del regista, l’interazione tra i diversi interpreti, la tipologia di personaggio interpretato e come il Metodo di Lee Strasberg, con cui tutti e tre gli attori sono entrati in contatto in modi e tempi diversi, si è declinato nel loro recitare. La ricerca si articola in tre sezioni principali che ripercorrono cronologicamente l’intera carriera di Jack Nicholson, Al Pacino e Robert De Niro. Si è deciso di analizzare tutti i film interpretati nel periodo oggetto di studio, con l’obiettivo di cogliere i dettagli performativi di ogni attore in un’ottica evolutiva, approfondendo l’analisi per quei film in cui gli attori hanno sviluppato le proprie peculiarità recitative, grazie alle quali si sono affermati come modelli. La recitazione ed i corpi antieroici di Nicholson, Pacino e De Niro sono stati in grado di congiungere i nuovi orizzonti estetici e narrativi del cinema della New Hollywood, originando un nuovo modello attoriale. Ciò che emerge non è dunque più un attore-tipo, ma un attore-individuo che concede integralmente il proprio corpo a quello dell’antieroe. La motilità del viso e la forza accentratrice di Jack Nicholson, la nevrotizzazione della performance e la tensione gestuale tra reattività e passività di Al Pacino, l’ossessione mimetica espressa nell’incarnazione integrale del personaggio di De Niro, possono sintetizzare un ipotetico modello di attore newhollywoodiano.
This work belongs to the area of research which studies film acting and focuses on the analysis of three actors, Jack Nicholson, Al Pacino and Robert De Niro, during the period between the beginning of the 1960s and the end of 1970s. It was in fact during that period that these three actors established themselves as acting models, contributing to the renewal of the Acting Hollywood Style. Analyzing the acting techniques of these three actors also means coming to terms with the refining of the way film acting is analyzed. We decided to aim the research chiefly towards a philological study, mainly analyzing the text, that is the film, which is the place where acting actually takes place, and where it takes part in the creation of the meaning of the film. The study is divided into two levels of analysis: the first level investigates the object from a theoretical approach, trying to create a systematic method of studying the acting performance; the second level coincides with the philological analysis of the films. These two levels are completed by the historical contest, in order to develop a map to study the single performances of the actors during their careers in the given period. We had to consider various aspects: the body language, the use of the voice, the interaction with the other aesthetic elements of the film and with the director’s poetics, the interaction with the other actors, the type of character and how Lee Strasberg’s Method, which all three of the actors have come into contact with at some time, has been used in their performances. The work is divided into three main sections which retrace the entire careers of the three actors. We decided to analyze all the films played by them in the given period, in order to see the performance details of each actor from a progressive point of view, and focusing on those films where the actors developed those distinctive features which turned them into acting models. Thanks to their acting method and antiheroic features, Nicholson, Pacino and De Niro were able to embody the new aesthetic and narrative perspectives of New Hollywood, giving birth to a new acting model. Not a type anymore, but an individual, who completely embodies the antihero. Jack Nicholson’s facial expressions and his ability to both capture and dominate the attention of his audience, Al Pacino’s neurotic performance and gestural tension between action and passivity, Robert De Niro’s mimetic obsession conveyed through the complete identification with the character, can summarize a hypothetical New Hollywood acting model.
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RECCHI, Simonetta. "THE ROLE OF HUMAN DIGNITY AS A VALUE TO PROMOTE ACTIVE AGEING IN THE ENTERPRISES." Doctoral thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11393/251122.

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Ogni azienda che si riconosca socialmente responsabile deve occuparsi dello sviluppo delle carriere dei propri dipendenti da due punti di vista: quello individuale e personale e quello professionale. La carriera all’interno di un’azienda coinvolge, infatti, la persona in quanto individuo con un proprio carattere e una precisa identità e la persona in quanto lavoratore con un bagaglio specifico di conoscenze e competenze. L’azienda ha, quindi, il compito di promuovere carriere professionalmente stimolanti che si sviluppino in linea con i suoi stessi valori, la sua visione e la sua missione. Nel panorama moderno, aziende che sviluppano la propria idea di business nel rispetto dei lavoratori proponendo loro un percorso di crescita, si mostrano senza dubbio lungimiranti. Un tale approccio, però, non basta a far sì che vengano definite socialmente responsabili. I fattori della Responsabilità Sociale d’Impresa sono infatti numerosi e, ad oggi, uno dei problemi principali da affrontare è quello del progressivo invecchiamento della popolazione. Dal momento che la forza lavoro mondiale sta invecchiando e che si sta rispondendo al problema spostando la linea del pensionamento, tutte le aziende sono obbligate a mantenere le persone il più a lungo possibile attive e motivate a lavoro. L’età è spesso visto come un fattore di diversità e di discriminazione, ma nello sviluppare la mia argomentazione, cercherò di dimostrare che una politica del lavoro che supporti l’idea dell’invecchiamento attivo può trasformare questo fattore da limite in opportunità. Il rispetto degli esseri umani, a prescindere dalle differenze legate all’età, dovrebbe essere uno dei valori fondanti di ogni impresa. Nel primo capitolo della tesi, svilupperò il tema della dignità umana così come è stato concepito a partire dalla filosofia greca fino alla modernità. La dignità intesa come valore ontologico, legato all’essenza dell’uomo, diventerà con Kant il fattore di uguaglianza tra tutti gli esseri viventi, la giustificazione del rispetto reciproco. Il concetto di dignità verrà, poi, definito nel secondo capitolo come il principale valore che deve ispirare l’azione sociale delle imprese, come l’elemento che garantisce il rispetto di ogni dipendente che prima ancora di essere un lavoratore è un essere umano. La dignità è ciò che rende l’essere umano degno di essere considerato un fine in se stesso piuttosto che un mezzo per il raggiungimento di un fine esterno. Nell’era della globalizzazione, dove il denaro è il valore principale, gli esseri umani rischiano di diventare un mezzo al servizio dell’economia. A questo punto, il rispetto della dignità deve divenire il fondamento di un ambiente di lavoro che promuove la crescita e la fioritura dell’essere umano. Nel secondo capitolo cercherò quindi di dimostrare come l’idea di dignità possa promuovere un management “umanistico” centrato sul rispetto dell’essere umano. Un’impresa socialmente responsabile può promuovere il rispetto di ogni lavoratore se fa propri i valori di dignità e uguaglianza. Attraverso la teoria dello Humanistic Management che veicola tali valori, il lavoro diventa un luogo in cui l’uomo può esprimere se stesso, la sua identità, le sue conoscenze e competenze. Inoltre, dal momento che la popolazione sta invecchiando, le aziende devono farsi carico della forza lavoro più anziana, come è emerso sopra. A questo punto, nel terzo capitolo, il concetto della Responsabilità Sociale d’Impresa sarà analizzato nel suo legame con i temi dell’invecchiamento attivo e della diversità sul posto di lavoro. Conosciamo diverse ragioni di differenza a lavoro: genere, cultura, etnia, competenze, ma qui ci concentreremo sul fattore età. È naturale che i lavoratori anziani abbiano un’idea di lavoro diversa da quella dei giovani e che le loro abilità siano differenti. Ma questa diversità non deve essere valutata come migliore o peggiore: essa dipende da fattori che analizzeremo e che l’impresa socialmente responsabile conosce e valorizza per creare un ambiente di lavoro stimolante e collaborativo, eliminando possibili conflitti intergenerazionali. Alcune delle teorie che permettono di raggiungere tali obiettivi sono il Diversity Management e l’Age Management: ogni impresa può promuovere pratiche per valorizzare gli anziani, permettendo loro di rimanere più a lungo attivi e proattivi a lavoro e di condividere le proprie conoscenze e competenze. L’ultimo capitolo della tesi si concentrerà su un caso di azienda italiana che ha sviluppato uno strumento di valorizzazione di collaboratori over 65. Sto parlando della Loccioni, presso cui ho svolto la ricerca applicata e che promuove il progetto Silverzone, un network di persone in pensione che hanno conosciuto l’azienda nel corso della loro carriera e che continuano a collaborare con essa ancora dopo il pensionamento. Per capire l’impatto qualitativo e quantitativo che il progetto ha sull’azienda, ho portato avanti un’analisi qualitativa dei dati ottenuti grazie a due tipi di questionari. Il primo ha visto il coinvolgimento dei 16 managers della Loccioni a cui sono state sottoposte le seguenti domande: 1. Chi sono i silver nella tua area di business? Quali i progetti in cui essi sono coinvolti? 2. Qual è il valore del loro supporto per l’azienda? E, allo stesso tempo, quali sono le difficoltà che possono incontrarsi durante queste collaborazioni? 3. Qual è la frequenza degli incontri con i silver? 4. Perché l’azienda ha bisogno di questo network? Successivamente, ho sottoposto un altro questionario agli 81 silver della rete. Di seguito i dettagli: 1. Qual è il tuo nome? 2. Dove sei nato? 3. Dove vivi? 4. Qual è stato il tuo percorso formativo? 5. Qual è stata la tua carriera professionale? 6. Come e con chi è avvenuto il primo contatto Loccioni? 7. Come sei venuto a conoscenza del progetto Silverzone? 8. Con quali dei collaboratori Loccioni stai lavorando? 9. In quali progetti sei coinvolto? 10. Potresti descrivere il progetto in tre parole? 11. Che significato ha per te fare parte di questa rete? 12. Nella tua opinione, come deve essere il Silver? 13. Che tipo di relazioni hai con i collaboratori Loccioni? 14. Quali dimensioni umane (dono, relazione, comunità, rispetto) e professionali (innovazione, tecnologia, rete) emergono lavorando in questo progetto? Il progetto Silverzone è sicuramente una buona pratica di Age Management per mantenere più a lungo attivi i lavoratori over 65. I progetti in cui i Silver sono coinvolti hanno un importante impatto economico sull’impresa, in termini di investimento ma anche di guadagno. Ad ogni modo, qui la necessità di fare profitto, stando a quanto è emerso dai risultati delle interviste, è subordinata al più alto valore del rispetto dei bisogni umani che diventa garante di un posto di lavoro comfortable, dove si riesce a stringere relazioni piacevoli, collaborative e produttive.
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