Books on the topic 'Profession Formality'
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1
Butt, Simon, and Tim Lindsey. The Legal Profession. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199677740.003.0006.
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This chapter covers the various types of legal professional who operate within the Indonesian legal system, performing different functions. ‘Advocates’ are perhaps the most important, providing legal services, both inside and outside court. They have various rights and obligations and are subject to a code of conduct, discussed in this chapter. However, the profession is deeply divided, with two main bar associations fighting for pre-eminence. Also vital to the operation of Indonesia’s legal systems are notaries, who formalize important documents, and land conveyance officials, who draw up conveyancing documents. This chapter also discusses paralegals and the legal aid movement, as well as the restrictions and conditions placed on non-Indonesian lawyers operating in Indonesia.
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VanCour, Shawn. Making Radio Talk. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190497118.003.0006.
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This chapter considers emerging forms of radio speech developed for formats ranging from scheduled talks to professional announcing. Disrupting established styles of public speaking, radio offered rich subject matter for the new discipline of speech communication, which helped to formalize new rules favoring a well-modulated delivery with restrained, natural speech and careful control over rate, pitch, and enunciation. Three larger sets of cultural tensions impacted these emerging announcing practices: (1) tensions surrounding a standardized national speech movement and its implicit regional, gender, and class biases; (2) concerns over an emergent culture of personality that informed debates on desired degrees of formality and informality in radio speech; and (3) long-standing concerns over disembodied communication-at-a-distance exacerbated by radio’s severing of voices from speakers' physical bodies. Resulting efforts to discipline the radio voice spurred important shifts in period voice culture that resonated across fields from rhetoric and theater to film and phonograph entertainment.
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From Formalism to Weak Form: The Architecture and Philosophy of Peter. Taylor & Francis Group, 2014.
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Brown, Chris, and Jane Flood. Formalise, Prioritise and Mobilise: How School Leaders Secure the Benefits of Professional Learning Networks. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019.
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Chris, Brown, and Jane Flood. Formalise, Prioritise and Mobilise: How School Leaders Secure the Benefits of Professional Learning Networks. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019.
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Chris, Brown, and Jane Flood. Formalise, Prioritise and Mobilise: How School Leaders Secure the Benefits of Professional Learning Networks. Emerald Publishing Limited, 2019.
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Corbo, Stefano. From Formalism to Weak Form: The Architecture and Philosophy of Peter Eisenman. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Corbo, Stefano. From Formalism to Weak Form: The Architecture and Philosophy of Peter Eisenman. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Corbo, Stefano. From Formalism to Weak Form: The Architecture and Philosophy of Peter Eisenman. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Corbo, Stefano. From Formalism to Weak Form: The Architecture and Philosophy of Peter Eisenman. Taylor & Francis Group, 2020.
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11
Douglas, Gordon C. C. “I’m an Expert on Public Space”. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190691332.003.0004.
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Chapter 4 focuses on the personal and professional background of many do-it-yourselfers who employ sophisticated knowledge of professional planning and scholarly urbanism in their interventions. In doing so, it begins to challenge binary notions of formality and informality in urbanism. The chapter includes discussion of the history of informality in cities and the development of professionalized urban planning and placemaking practices. It then discusses how many do-it-yourself urban designers have professional design training that they to use in their projects. Where others lack such a background, they often seek information from official sources in order to strengthen and legitimate their interventions, from tools, techniques, and guidelines to justifications grounded in social science research. Although this may lead to better-designed and more effective improvements, it also gives the individuals a certain confidence in the quality of their actions and their right to make them.
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Tomoff, Kiril. Creative Union. Cornell University Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9780801444111.001.0001.
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Why did the Stalin era, a period characterized by bureaucratic control and the reign of Socialist Realism in the arts, witness such an extraordinary upsurge of musical creativity and the prominence of musicians in the cultural elite? This is one of the questions that this book seeks to answer. The book shows how the Union of Soviet Composers established control over the music profession and negotiated the relationship between composers and the Communist Party leadership. Central to the book's argument is the institutional authority and prestige that the musical profession accrued and deployed within Soviet society, enabling musicians to withstand the postwar disciplinary campaigns that were so crippling in other artistic and literary spheres. Most accounts of Soviet musical life focus on famous individuals or the campaign against Shostakovich's ‘Lady Macbeth’ and Zhdanov's postwar attack on musical formalism. This book's approach, while not downplaying these notorious events, shows that the Union was able to develop and direct a musical profession that enjoyed enormous social prestige. The Union's leadership was able to use its expertise to determine the criteria of musical value with a degree of independence. The book reveals the complex and mutable interaction of creative intelligentsia and political elite in a period hitherto characterized as one of totalitarian control.
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Packer, Ira K., and Thomas Grisso. Specialty Competencies in Forensic Psychology. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med:psych/9780195390834.001.0001.
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Although Forensic Psychology was formally recognized as a specialty by the American Board of Professional Psychology in 1985 and by the American Psychological Association's Commission for the Recognition of Specialties and Proficiencies in Professional Psychology in 2001, its origins can be traced back to early applications of psychology to law during the time psychology was being differentiated from the more general field of philosophy. As it is currently applied, the specialty took organizational shape from the 1960s to the 1990s, and today forensic psychology is one of the most popular areas of specialization among emerging psychologists. The demand for forensic training, continuing education, and research is growing in many graduate level professional programs and at events sponsored by the American Psychology-Law Division of APA or the American Academy of Forensic Psychology. Therefore, the need for a comprehensive text focused on the competencies required in the specialty has never been greater. With Specialty Competencies in Forensic Psychology, this title provides a guide to understanding legal systems, evaluations, and consultations encountered in day-to-day forensic practice that is simultaneously sophisticated, scholarly, and user-friendly.
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Catherine A, Rogers. Part I Mapping the Terrain, 1 From an Invisible College to an Ethical No-Man’s Land. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198713203.003.0002.
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This chapter traces the origins of modern international arbitration, from the heyday of Oscar Schacter's ‘Invisible College of International Lawyers’ to its eventual decline to an ethical ‘no-man's land’. The former represents an international community built upon a shared understanding of legal proceedings and ethical conduct — a community that has since been fractured as part of the globalization of the legal profession. It has become increasingly clear to institutions operating within national boundaries that the lawyers operating without clear national boundaries require a restructuring of the old procedures that had emphasized localized practices. The international arbitration we see today is an ethical no-man's land whose political status is uncertain, because it straddles the borders between formally occupied national territories. Yet international arbitration remains a challenging prospect, necessitating reconstitution of the old Invisible College ideals in order to redress the ethical no-man's land.
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Townley, Christopher, Mattia Guidi, and Mariana Tavares. The Law and Politics of Global Competition. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198859789.001.0001.
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This book discusses the International Competition Network’s (ICN) formally neutral structures that provide powerful influence mechanisms for strong national competition authorities (NCAs), non-governmental actors (NGAs), and competition experts over wider state interests. It highlights the legitimacy of ICN from a political and legal theory perspective and analyses the ICN’s effectiveness and efficiency. It also describes the ICN as a transnational network that is set up by its members, without wider state input. The book points out how the ICN has sought to enrich its discussions and outputs through the inclusion of NGAs, principally large multi-nationals and legal and economic professions. It reviews ICN’s mission, which is to advocate the adoption of superior standards and procedures in competition policy around the world, formulate proposals for procedural and substantive convergence, and seek to facilitate effective international cooperation to the benefit of member agencies, consumers, and economies worldwide.
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Keane, Adrian, and Paul McKeown. 23. Proof of facts without evidence. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198811855.003.0023.
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Facts in issue and relevant facts are treated as established by the courts only insofar as they are proved by evidence. This chapter discusses three exceptions to this general rule: (i) some facts may be presumed in a party’s favour in the absence of proof or complete proof, including marriage, legitimacy, death, the regular and proper performance of public or official acts, sanity and negligence; (ii) a fact will be treated as established where the court takes judicial notice of it either (a) without enquiry, in the case of facts that are beyond serious dispute, notorious or of common knowledge or (b) after enquiry (usually political facts, customs, professional practices and historical and geographical facts); and (iii) a fact ceases to be in issue when a party has formally admitted it.
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Fisher, Jane, Sara Holton, and Heather Rowe. Nonprofessional Resources for Pregnant and Postpartum Women. Edited by Amy Wenzel. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199778072.013.014.
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Maternity presents major adaptive challenges for women. It is common for pregnant women and women who have recently given birth to access nonprofessional resources, including those developed by interested individuals, members of community groups, or peer-support initiatives, to understand their emotional experiences and needs. This chapter investigates the nature and content of nonprofessional resources, defined as those developed by people without health-related qualifications, for pregnant and postpartum women experiencing emotional distress or mental health problems and the evidence about them generated in systematic evaluations. Although nonprofessional resources provide information and support in privacy and anonymity without fees and therefore are potentially more accessible than professional care, many are limited to personal narratives and do not refer to scientific evidence, and few have been formally evaluated. Overall, the highest quality nonprofessional resources and approaches are those generated in collaborations between consumers and professionals and for which some evaluation of acceptability, comprehensibility, and effectiveness is available.
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Morag-Levine, Noga. Sociological Jurisprudence and The Spirit of The Common Law. Edited by Markus D. Dubber and Christopher Tomlins. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198794356.013.24.
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This chapter explores the work and influence of Roscoe Pound who offered sociological jurisprudence in response to transatlantic-inspired threats to the future of the common law. At issue was the rise of social science as an alternative, civil-law-affiliated, administrative paradigm that simultaneously threatened the academic interests of the law schools, the professional concerns of the bar, and the core constitutional principles of judicial supremacy. Within this context, Pound selectively drew on European social legal theory with the goal of saving the common law from itself. The project consisted of two primary proposals for reform, one focused on the universities, the other on the courts. Through the injection of social-scientific content into legal pedagogy and research, sociological jurisprudence forged a socio-legal paradigm that together with lowering the barriers separating law from society also ensured that law would continue to exist as a distinct field of inquiry in the universities and beyond. Where the courts were concerned, sociological jurisprudence answered pressures for radical curtailment of judicial review with a narrow, formalist, construction of the deficiency at the core of the Lochner Court’s reasoning. It was a problem definition that successfully served to deflect direct attacks on judicial supremacy. Largely hidden going forward has been the extent to which the constitutional battle lines of the early twentieth century were drawn between rival, common law- and civil-law-based paradigms of administrative governance.
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Watt, Gary. Equity & Trusts Law Directions. 7th ed. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198869382.001.0001.
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Without assuming prior legal knowledge, books in the Directions series introduce and guide readers through key points of law and legal debate. Questions, diagrams and exercises help readers to engage fully with each subject and check their understanding as they progress. This book explains the key topics covered on equity and trusts courses. The content of the text is designed to emphasise the relationship between equity, trusts, property, contract and restitution to enable students to map out conceptual connections between related legal ideas. There is also a focus on modern cases in the commercial sphere to reflect the constantly changing and socially significant role of trusts and equity. The book starts by introducing equity and trusts. It then includes a chapter on understanding trusts, and moves on to consider capacity and formality requirements, certainty requirements and the constitution of trusts. Various types of trusts are then examined such as purpose, charitable, and variation trusts. The book then describes issues related to trusteeship. Breach of trust is explained, as is informal trusts of land. There is a chapter on tracing, and then the book concludes by looking at equitable liability of strangers to trust and equitable doctrines and remedies. This new edition includes coverage of significant recent cases, including the Supreme Court decision on interest to be paid by tax authorities on monies owed; the Supreme Court decision on the test of dishonesty applicable to civil matters; the Privy Council decision on the division of investment property acquired by cohabitants; the Court of Appeal decisions on Quistclose trusts; fiduciary duties in arms-length contracts; transactions prejudicing creditors; beneficiary anonymity in variation of trust cases; exemption clauses; discretion exercised beyond trustee’s authority; implications of GDPR for trustee disclosures; trustee personal liability; causation and equitable compensation; statutory relief for a professional trustee’s breach of trust; use of proprietary estoppel to reward work undertaken in farming families; costs of seeking court’s directions; injunctions ordered against persons unknown; equitable jurisdiction to rectify agreements.
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Esteva, Gustavo. What is Development? Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190846626.013.360.
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Development was born as aid, an expression of the modern obsession with “caring” used by disabling professions and the service industry. However, by 1980, it was already clear that there was no correlation between aid and economic growth, and that aid was an obstacle for social transformation. Development was also born in the context of the Cold War. For President Truman, the American way of life was a democratic and egalitarian ideal to overcome the communist “threat” by closing the gap between industrial and “underdeveloped” countries. In addition, development was a reaction to the initiatives of the colonized world, increasingly challenging Western domination. Since Truman, development has connoted at least one thing: to escape from the vague, indefinable, and undignified condition known as underdevelopment. However, the Age of Development—the historical period formally inaugurated in 1949—is now coming to an end. The future of development studies lies in archaeology, to explore the ruins it left behind by looking at development’s pre-history and conceptual history, as well as the development enterprise. Since the 1970s, new campaigns were launched to focus the effort in getting for the underdeveloped, at least, the fulfillment of their “basic needs.” Meanwhile, the “law of scarcity” was construed by the economists to denote the technical assumption that man’s wants are huge and infinite, whereas his means are limited though improvable. Poverty and development thus go hand in hand. Indeed, historical experience reveals that development generates poverty. By 1985, the idea of post-development has already emerged.
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Nolan, Deborah, and Sara Stoudt. Communicating with Data. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862741.001.0001.
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Communicating with Data: The Art of Writing for Data Science aims to help students and researchers write about their data insights in a way that is both compelling and faithful to the data. This book aims to be both a resource for students who want to learn how to write about scientific findings both formally and for broader audiences and a textbook for instructors who are teaching science communication. In addition, a researcher who is looking for help with writing can use this book to self-train. The book consists of five parts. Part I helps the novice learn to write by reading the work of others. Part II delves into the specifics of how to describe data at a level appropriate for publication, create informative and effective visualizations, and communicate an analysis pipeline through well-written, reproducible code. Part III demonstrates how to reduce a data analysis to a compelling story and organize and write the first draft of a technical paper. Part IV addresses revision; this includes advice on writing about statistical findings in a clear and accurate way, general writing advice, and strategies for proof-reading and revising. Finally, Part V gives advice about communication strategies beyond the witten page, which includes giving talks, building a professional network, and participating in online communities. This part also contains 22 “portfolio prompts” aimed at building upon the guidance and examples in the earlier parts of the book and building a writer’s portfolio of data communication.
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Davis, Bret W. Zen Pathways. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780197573686.001.0001.
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This book offers an in-depth introduction to the philosophy and practice of Zen Buddhism. The author is a philosophy professor who formally practiced Zen in Japan for more than a dozen years and is authorized to teach Zen. During his years studying and teaching philosophy in universities in Japan, he worked closely with the leading contemporary representatives of the Kyoto School. The book lucidly explicates the philosophical implications of Zen teachings and kōans, comparing and contrasting these with other Asian as well as Western religions and philosophies. Throughout it relates traditional Zen teachings and practices to our twenty-first-century lives. In addition to being a scholarly and philosophical introduction to Zen, the book provides concrete instructions for beginning a practice of Zen meditation. Its twenty-four chapters treat such philosophical topics as the self, nature, art, morality, and language, as well as basic Buddhist teachings such as the Middle Way and karma. Several chapters engage in interreligious dialogue with Christianity and other religions, as well as with other schools of Buddhism. The Zen-based philosophies of the Kyoto School are introduced in one chapter and frequently referenced throughout the book. The concluding chapter reviews the path of Zen practice and enlightenment by way of commenting on the beloved Zen classic, The Ten Oxherding Pictures. The book can be read in its entirety as a coherently organized introduction to the philosophy and practice of Zen, or chapters can be read independently according to the reader’s specific interests.