Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Professeurs des écoles – Travail de groupe'
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Mouton, Jean-Claude. "Le conseil pédagogique : analyse du travail et développement de l'expérience professionnelle." Aix-Marseille 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX10058.
Full textLefeuvre, Gwenaël. "Travail collectif des enseignants et pratiques d'enseignement : le cas de la prise en charge des élèves dits en difficulté au sein de l'école primaire." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20035.
Full textThis Ph. D. Dissertation studies the professional development of teachers, more precisely the learning processes at work in and through teaching practices. In socio-cognitive prospect, this research focuses on the relationships between the collective work of primary school teachers and their teaching practices in the classroom. It explores two components of the teachers' collective work ; their weekly participation to an mulit-level set of pedagogical meetings aimed at developing teaching techniques in reading and writing, and the modes of interrelationships with colleagues outside the time and space of the classroom. These components of the collective work are studied in relation to the practice of taking charge of pupils aged 7 to 10 who are in difficulty in the context of the first decovery of a text. The empiric part of this work mobilizes two complementary methodological approaches : a quantitative approach which prioritizes the identification of general tendencies, and a qualitative approach which prioritizes the contextual rooting of classroom practice implemented inside and outside the classroom. This thesis has allowed for the empiric underlining of relationships between the collective work of the teacher within the school and his/her teaching practices inside the classroom. The relationships that have been observed are indicators of the mobilization by the teachers of a professional knowledge related to their taking charge of the teaching duties. This knowledge may be constructed in and through the mediation of the teachers' collective practices, practices which implicate the teachers' colleagues
Combes, Christelle. "La co-intervention à l’école primaire comme source de l’activité des professeurs ? : Contribution à une ergonomie de l’activité enseignante." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM3086/document.
Full textThis research aims at studying the work of teachers who are experimenting a new system : co-teaching. In France, it is widely considered that the academic success of all elementary school pupils relies on the teachers' collective work, which makes teaching practices evolve and improves pupils' results. Educational reforms multiply, leading to more diverse teaching methods and a more complex teaching job. Many projects have been experimenting co-teaching for severaly years, with two teachers working together in the same classroom.Our research in teaching activity ergonomics gives us some visibility and food for thought concerning a new organization of the working environment and the reasons justifying joint activity in those new ways to help the pupils in the school system. If co-teaching is a new work frame that allows to redefine what has to be done and how to do it, it then becomes the source of some dialogic activity that opens new horizons and new possible ways to work as well as changing practices. Unlike what the educational authorities are saying, our results show that co-teaching with a regular or a specialized teacher does not necessarily lead to similar joint activities, nor does it produce a professional debate on the ways of acting and thinking with underachieving pupils
Haas, Michèle. "Grundschullehrer et professeurs des écoles au travail : construction des relations professionnelles." Metz, 2006. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/UPV-M/Theses/2006/Haas.Michele.LMZ0619.pdf.
Full textThe constraints of space and time of work, of schooling policies, of cultural contingencies being taken here as a general context, we try to find some answers among the various devices ( from the thinner to the most organised) which make links between them and which operate their socialization. The methodology is a qualitiative empirical approach of an elementary school in France and two in Germany ( "Grundschullen"), where the sociabilities, routines and various organisational devices activated by the teachers during a school year were observed. Various dimensions are considered : the spatial frame (objects making links, objets for action, social markers, artefacts) inside which the described routines and sociabilities are given their meaning, the personal and professional profile of the actors and various organisational equipements (meetings, projects coordinations, celebrates, etc. . )which give rythm to the contacts between teachers and offer derivatives during the school year. Finally, the professional identities of the 'professeurs des écoles" and of the "Grundschullehrer" appear to be sui generis : where as the " professeurs des écoles" perform functional relationship and have to collaborate to fulfill bureaucratically organised common ends, the "Grundschullehrer" perform a comminicational relationship and cooperate for tasks according to the model of occupational organisations
Archimbaud, Emma. "Influences de collectifs d'enseignants sur les pratiques individuelles : la résolution de problèmes mathématiques à l'école." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Paris Cité, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UNIP7041.
Full textSchools are constantly encouraging teachers to work together, particularly for the purpose of career-long development, beyond the mere transmission of a professional cultural heritage. This is illustrated by the "constellation" in-service training schemes inspired by lesson studies that have recently been introduced in schools, and the new responsibilities of school headmasters, who are required to coordinate and manage educational "teams". By focusing on the teaching of mathematical problem solving in schools, this research aims to document the possible effects of teachers' activities within collectives on the development of their practice. Based on a theoretical framework borrowing from the didactics of mathematics (Robert & Rogalski, 2002) and professional didactics (Pastré, 2011), teachers' practices are analysed for their cognitive and mediative components, from which the construction of pupils' mathematical knowledge stems, but also for their social, institutional and personal dimensions, which underpin the practise of the profession. Three groups were monitored longitudinally in order to document the processes influencing their member's practice : an affinity group made up of beginner teachers ; a group formed for one school year as part of "constellation" in-service training ; and a group formed as part of an "lieu d'éducation associé", a system inspired by collaborative research. An in-depth analysis of the practices of three teachers per group was carried out. The complexity of the mathematical problem-solving activity and the lack of consensus about how it should be taught led to rich exchanges within the groups. The audio and video recordings of meetings between the members and of classroom teaching sessions, together with the self-confrontation and semi-structured interviews conducted, form the corpus of this research. The analyses of teaching practices that have been carried out call upon the notion of "didactic vigilance" developed in mathematics didactics (Butlen et al., 2010) and lead us to question it by relating it to the model of "double regulation of activity" (Leplat, 1997; Rogalski, 2008). These analyses also contribute to uncovering concepts that organise practices, as developed in professional didactics (Pastré, 2011). The results show that the specific features of each collective - its origin, duration, organisational arrangements, etc. - lead to inter-groups variability regarding how practices were influenced. Intra-group contrasts also emerge depending on the teachers' backgrounds, their relationship with mathematics, their conception of the teaching of this subject, etc. Our results also reveal similar trends concerning, for example, the use of different semiotic registers to support pupils' understanding of problems, in particular the increased use of schematisation
Askouni, Kanella. "Les enseignants des lycées techniques en Grèce : approche sociologique d'un groupe professionnel hétérogène." Paris 5, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA05H019.
Full textThis study concerns the technical high schools teachers in Greece, a very heterogeneous group, constituted from traditional teacher categories (those of general education) and some others more recents (those of technical education). The first part presents an analysis of the social, morphologie of this group (social characteristics, studies, professional paths) as well as of the process of his constitution. The second part shows the relation between the different teacher's individual characteristics and their educational practices
Al, Dilfy Mohsen Ali Mhaibis. "L'influence de l'environnement familial, social et professionnel sur la situation psychique des instituteurs et institutrices en milieu rural et urbain de Bagdad." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA070081.
Full textMonin, Noëlle. "Des écoles ouvertes : contribution à l'étude d'une innovation pédagogique." Bordeaux 2, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992BOR21001.
Full textThe main subject of study is open area school between 1970 and 1980 it is based on the observation of three schools of this kind, including secondary school. The aim is to achieve better teaching efficiency in primary school and take into account way primary school teaching positions are filled in this experimental schools. The analysis of the different obstacles to the completion of this project should contributed to improve teaching standards
Josso, Anne. "Entre prescriptions institutionnelles et nouvelles formes d'engagement : le travail collectif des enseignants du second degré." Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NANT3003.
Full textQuinson, François. "Quitter la classe : la mobilité professionnelle en cours de carrière des enseignants du premier degré, épreuve cruciale individuelle et analyseur du groupe professionnel." Lyon 2, 2004. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2004/quinson_f.
Full textGesson, Benjamin. "Comment devient-on enseignant ? : les trajectoires de socialisation professionnelle des professeurs des écoles." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015BORD0188/document.
Full textThis thesis proposes an analysis of the teachers’ professional socialization through a theoretical and conceptual-interactionist framework. It is based on various empirical methods (observation, individual and collective talks, followed by troop qualitative). Four major elements come out of this thesis: 1) initial training has a deep influence on the soon-to-be teachers concerning the way they act and both the way they work and the way they7consider their work. The act of “social manufacturing” they undergo during their formation enables them to acquire elements for their career (linguistic, temporal, rhetorical or relational elements). 2) During their initial training, the future teachers create a “student culture” which aims at negotiating, translating or transgressing the formal and official standards conveyed by the authority of socialization. Accordingly, the abstract or semi-official standards produced within this subculture have a major influence on the comprehension of the process of professional socialization. 3) There exists a plurality of professional identities adopted by the teachers at the time they begin their career. These are founded on the trajectory which led the individuals to teaching, and also on how they deal with the training and their work. Far from the disillusioned figure of the young teacher in suffering one might expect, the beginning of a career appears to be fulfilling and to be a source of achievement. 4) Three forms of careers and professional identities emerge from our diachronic investigation: a pragmatic identity, an identity created by “relative frustration” and an autonomous identity. Moreover, the professional identity adopted at the time of the first years of teaching tends to persist in time, revealing the structuring force of the objective dimension of the teaching careers (predetermined gradations of advance statutory and professional mobility, constraints related to the separation of the private and the professional spheres…). The thesis concluded on the need for questioning a functionalist vision of initial training and an administrative design of the teaching career currently dominant
Marilier-Bonnot, Marie-Christine. "Enseignants de mathématiques pratiquant le travail en petits groupes en classe : des pratiques, des représentations (étude de cas)." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H113.
Full textCharrat, Françoise. "Un dispositif innovant de formation continue : une expérience d'un groupe d'enseignantes dans le premier degré." Toulouse 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999TOU20043.
Full textChabanel-Kahlik, Léa. "Connaissance et reconnaissance du travail de préparation des professeur·es des écoles en France." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université de Lille (2022-....), 2024. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/ToutIDP/EDSHS/2024/2024ULILH047.pdf.
Full textThis research focuses on preparation work of schoolteachers (ST) in France, a work that is generally little-known do date, both from the point of view of scientific research and our shared collective knowledge. By mobilizing an inductive research approach, critical realist grounded theory, we tackle this object at the intersection of three points of view: what the preparation work should be (these are the prescriptions), what it appears to be (these are the images), what it really is (these are the practices). During research that became longitudinal (from 2018 to 2022), we mobilized varied collection techniques (ranging from the study of official texts to the conduct of individual and collective interviews, including the study of speeches politicians via Twitter). Ultimately, we show that the preparation of STs, which is complex in reality, is essential to the implementation of a vision of education as it is currently prescribed; and, thus, that the work of ST is not as easy and obvious as it appears to be. It is carried out at arm's length mainly by women who, by choosing this profession, seek to fulfil themselves despite what this profession ultimately turns out to be for them, particularly difficult. Also, the non-recognition of ST preparation work in France does seem to lead to an insidious disengagement, which harms the quality of the work provided. Our research, in short, explains the discomfort of STs and opens up broader questions, between work and profession, knowledge and recognition
Verdière, Juliette. "Les pratiques d'évaluation du travail d'enseignement." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2001/50377-2001-17.pdf.
Full textBergugnat-Janot, Laurence. "Stress individuel des enseignants d'école primaire et médiation collective." Bordeaux 2, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR21053.
Full textNumerous surveys have found evidence that the education field is going through a difficult period. Since the sixties multiple explanations and analysis are investigated in the world about stress problem. Specific stressors, coping strategies and adjustment criteria are measured. We side with the analysis of Debarbieux (1999) about the issue of no team spirit and a lack of coherence as risk factors for all those who work in a school. Using transactional approach (Lazarus & Folkman, 1984) we attempt to show how individual teachers stress is linked to collective action as social support. We visited 16 primary schools and observed 70 teachers in their classroom then in an interview. We find using a model between psychology (stress theory) and sociology (action theory) that 50% of our population is stressed that is teachers don't control any much their environment (Perceived stress scale, Cohen & Williamson, 1988). Coping strategies are rational action (Weber), self reflection (Giddens), subjectivity (Touraine) and occupational habit (Bourdieu). They are more or less efficient in job solitude , but we found on the other hand that collective action and social support are still unusual, or even absent, sometimes even stress predictor. We purpose therefore for the future healthier schools with occupational working relations to serve a cooperative and united team spirit
Quéré, Nolwenn. "Numérique et genèses documentaires : études de collectifs de professeurs d'anglais producteurs de ressources." Thesis, Brest, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BRES0068.
Full textIn this PhD, I study the collective work of language teachers and its consequences for collectives and individuals, particularly with regard to the design and use of digital resources. To do this, I analyse the activity of three collectives of the region of Rennes by mobilising the theory of the documentational approach to didactics and that of the communities of practice. I first specify the community documentation, by proposing a description of the collective resource system, before explaining the community knowledge identified during the design work. In a second step, I describe the effects of the integration of this/these resource(s), collectively designed, in the practice of some teachers. To do this, I rely on the analysis of key episodes to uncover ongoing documentational genesis. My work introduces a schematization of the community resource system represented under a double level of description including the definition of blocks of situated collective resources. Finally, I propose a description of the schemes individually developed by teachers, articulating the document table and the design capacity concept
Kalogiannakis, Michail. "Après l'introduction des TICE, puis après la création des TPE au lycée : de nouveaux rôles pour les professeurs ? : le cas en sciences physiques." Paris 5, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA05H018.
Full textThrough semi-directive interviews and content analysis of emails exchanged between physics teachers using two institutional mailing lists, we have tried to evaluate the new and changing roles and practices of teachers since the introduction of TPE and ICT in French high schools. The archives of these two lists are a rich source of the typical exchanges which occur between physics teachers and a good example of how the ones who participate contribute to the community, but also benefit from the community. The real and functioning teaching networks created by physics teachers count among the first relevant and concrete examples of such virtual communities. This new approach to education creates truly collaborative learning opportunities guided by shared aims and objectives. The interviewed physics teachers consider ICT and the use of mailing lists as elements which have inserted themselves naturally alongside other more traditional teaching methods and practices. For them, the lists can thus be likened to a kind of ongoing at distance training course. Furthermore, participating teachers are in the process of rapidly sharing and redistributing information and methods, this contributes to the ongoing training of the community based on practical experience. The interviews have clearly shown the changing role of physics teachers who in the context of TPE are more and more viewed by their students as active collaborators and guides in the learning process. Teachers when commenting about the positive aspects of TPE have emphasized the improvement and renewal of teacher -student relationships as well as the development of a higher level of student autonomy
Blanc, Julie. "Construction et mobilisation des savoirs professionnels : le cas des pratiques enseignantes d'évaluation à l'école primaire." Toulouse 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007TOU20014.
Full textWithin the framework of studies regarding teachers' professional development, the present research revolves around the relationship between teaching practices (the class context) and collegial practices, as implemented within the school itself. They are envisaged from the aspect of social learning. Adopting a socio-cognitive approach, the thesis defends that the shared work implemented by teachers (during collegial practices) is favorable to the constructing of professional knowledge, which is to be mobilized afterwards, especially during teaching practices. This study used longitudinal observations of both teaching practices (tests in mathematics) and collegial practices. These observations were followed and developed further through semi directive interviews, and by the utilizing of a "livret scolaire" or school report book (an official document aimed at communicating scholar results to the families). The analysis of empirical documents was based on the triangulation of data regarding quantity and quality. The results bring to light two modalities concenring collegial practices : one is based on shared minima, the other on the sharing of common practices inducing a specific form of teaching. They show that the implementation of a shared activity plays a significant part in the organizing of practices of appraisal. The collegial dimension of professional activity appears thus as one of the organizers of teachers' teaching practices. Indeed, these latter construct and subsequently mobilize professional knowledge, and the modality of that constructing is for its major part linked to the nature of the collegial activity implemented within the school
Amouzou-Glikpa, Amévor. "La crise de l'école élémentaire en Afrique de l'ouest francophone et les conditions de formation, de recrutement et de travail des enseignants : analyse des cas du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Togo." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL12009.
Full textThis research is aiming to look at the crisis in the primary school in French-speaking West Africa focusing on three countries: Benin, Burkina Faso and Togo. The crisis is marked by the progressive retreat of the government from the educational sphere and by the degradation of public education. New forms of schools have emerged with commercial tendency (secular private schools), religious aim (French-Arabic schools or "medersas"), as well as a great push of local initiatives schools (community or spontaneous schools). Through diversified methods of analysis, the study tried to determine the role of the teaching personnel in this crisis. Indeed, since the imposition of structural adjustment's plans in African countries by the financiers (World Bank and International Monetary Fund), budgetary constraints have led either te the reduction in the duration of teacher's training in some countries (Burkina Faso), or to the closure of professional schools with vocational formation of teachers (Togo, Benin). Following the observation of decline in the condition of teaching personnel (Ievel of training, hiring and work conditions, professional, symbolic and economic status), this study will show that it is essentially the commitment and the determination of the parents in the schooling and success of their children that are finally maintaining the educational system. So, it has been determined that the country of the study where the crisis seems most strongly pronounced (Togo) is the one whose rate of schooling remains nevertheless the highest. This shows that the more the educational system is failing, the more such a failure tends to be compensated by the determination and commitment of the parents in the schooling of their children. The research indexes for that purpose a new problem: the progressive decline of the educational level
Amouzou-Glikpa, Amévor. "La crise de l'école élémentaire en Afrique de l'ouest francophone et les conditions de formation, de recrutement et de travail des enseignants : analyse des cas du Bénin, du Burkina Faso et du Togo." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL12009.
Full textThis research is aiming to look at the crisis in the primary school in French-speaking West Africa focusing on three countries: Benin, Burkina Faso and Togo. The crisis is marked by the progressive retreat of the government from the educational sphere and by the degradation of public education. New forms of schools have emerged with commercial tendency (secular private schools), religious aim (French-Arabic schools or "medersas"), as well as a great push of local initiatives schools (community or spontaneous schools). Through diversified methods of analysis, the study tried to determine the role of the teaching personnel in this crisis. Indeed, since the imposition of structural adjustment's plans in African countries by the financiers (World Bank and International Monetary Fund), budgetary constraints have led either te the reduction in the duration of teacher's training in some countries (Burkina Faso), or to the closure of professional schools with vocational formation of teachers (Togo, Benin). Following the observation of decline in the condition of teaching personnel (Ievel of training, hiring and work conditions, professional, symbolic and economic status), this study will show that it is essentially the commitment and the determination of the parents in the schooling and success of their children that are finally maintaining the educational system. So, it has been determined that the country of the study where the crisis seems most strongly pronounced (Togo) is the one whose rate of schooling remains nevertheless the highest. This shows that the more the educational system is failing, the more such a failure tends to be compensated by the determination and commitment of the parents in the schooling of their children. The research indexes for that purpose a new problem: the progressive decline of the educational level
Tufféry-Rochdi, Chantal. "Les ressources au cœur des pratiques des professeurs de mathématiques : le cas de l'enseignement d'exploration MPS en seconde." Thesis, La Réunion, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016LARE0010/document.
Full textOur questioning emerges from the establishment of a new teaching, called Scientific Methods and Practices (MPS), as part of the French high school reform in 2010. This multidisciplinary teaching, which aims to initiate pupils to a scientific approach, leds mathematics teachers to question and to change their practices. We propose to analyze these changes in terms of resources and the way teachers work on these resources. We retain two approaches: the double approach didactic and ergonomic of the teaching practices (Robert, 2010a; Rogalski, 2010) and the documentational approach of didactics (Gueudet et Trouche, 2010). Our research is conducted from observations of mathematics teachers involved in MPS and engaged in different disciplinary and multidisciplinary collectives. These observations are supplemented by interviews with colleagues in other disciplines. We also performed a study of resources available for one of the themes proposed. This study is part of the research program ReVEA (Living Resources for Teaching and Learning), supported by the ANR. Our thesis aims to show the impact of resources and lack of resources from understanding the prescribed task to the effective task, and also the impact of the different collectives in which the mathematics teacher is involved. It questions as well the effects of this work on professional development, especially regarding the inquiry-based science teaching
Grövel, Angèle. "Les Officiers de la Marine Marchande : un groupe professionnel dans la tempête ? : accès au métier, socialisations et carrières des élèves des écoles supérieures maritimes au début du XXIème Siècle." Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100172.
Full textThis thesis aims to study access, socialization and careers of future Officers of the Merchant Navy in the context of deregulation of the labor market and reconfiguration of training. In the first part, the aim is to expose the conditions for the emergence and institutionalization of training Officers and its role in the dynamics of the occupational group, from teaching nautical knowledge during the Old Régime, to the recognition of maritime engineering at the beginning of the XXI Century. This social history of the Officers school highlights the structural nature of the "crisis" of the profession and allows us to study the rhetoric developed and the resources mobilized to ensure its survival. From the analysis of the results of two surveys and interviews with former and future sailors, we question how transformations of training, mutations in the labor market and changes in work impact traditional frameworks of socialization and careers. After completing a socio-genesis of social access dispositions, this thesis describes and analyses the process of socialization within institutions and on board merchant ships. Finally, this thesis ends with a study of the careers of former and future Officers. The purpose of this last part is to identify the career phases before focusing on factors which explain the high numbers of professionals leaving the profession
Farah, Lynn. "Etude et mise à l'étude des mathématiques en classes préparatoires économiques et commerciales : point de vue des étudiants, point de vue des professeurs." Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCC017.
Full textThis study pertains to students' personal work in mathematics in French business school preparatory classes. Our aim was to explore the links that exist between the institutional and the personal organization of study in order to determine how these institutions explicitly shore up their students. This study's first concern was to examine the evolution of the different aspects of students' personal work throughout the first year of preparatory classes. We then focused on the factors which contribute to this evolution. In that respect, we considered the institutional functioning, starting at a macro level of the global business school preparatory classes' institution, and then reaching a more local level of a teacher's class, looking for ways through which the institution determines and transforms the working habits of its students. On the first hand, we examined the institutional organization of study and the teaching devices implemented by the teachers and compared those of two tracks; on the other hand, we studied social relationships which are established among students and those built between teachers and students. Finally, we tried to identify work modalities that are specific to students who achieve good results and to understand what favors them, both at the institutional and interpersonal levels. Several instruments were combined through a mixed methods design to collect data in order to better answer our research questions. The main ones were pre/post student questionnaires and interviews with teachers and students
QUINSON, François. "QUITTER LA CLASSE : La mobilité professionnelle en cours de carrière des enseignants du premier degré, épreuve cruciale individuelle et analyseur du groupe professionnel." Phd thesis, Université Lumière - Lyon II, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00007848.
Full textHélie, Anissa. "Maîtresses et mission coloniale en Méditerranée. Trajectoires d'institutrices européennes en Algérie coloniale, 1874-1949 : émanciper les écolières ou féminiser les «fatmas»." Paris, EHESS, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EHES0024.
Full textThis research focuses on women teachers (in secular primary schools) in a specific historical and political context : that of colonial Algeria. Numerous official sources and historical research have priviliged the problematic linked to the role and impact of colonial schooling, yet few took interest in the teaching staff. This work therefore has two objectives. On the one hand, present the specific experiences of secular women teachers, by tracing some aspects of their lives - private as well as professional, and by, notably, drawing from their own testimonies. It is also about analyzing the roles they might have played in colonial and acculturation processes, as european women and as teachers. The dates we selected (1874-1949) are significant at various level : at the level of the development of colonization, at the level of the history of secular education and at the level of women's history
Mouyivou, Bongo Pélagie. "Le métier d’instituteur au Gabon." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO20058/document.
Full textThis thesis has for objective to examine the mechanisms governing the corporatist dynamics and logics of action of the collective of teachers in Gabon. This reflection has been directed at the outset by two observations: the teacher collective action and statutory changes marking the evolution of this occupational group. The methodological approach relies on the contribution of several disciplines of social sciences and various theoretical approaches. The theoretical assumption rests on the idea of the creation of a corps of business. This thesis attempts to apprehend the profession of schoolmaster from a triptych linking three areas of analysis: social relations, organization and social context.The field survey conducted among different educational actors, mainly teachers, is centered on the life and work of these conditions. The analysis focuses both on the statutory aspects, relations between teachers and other actors of the educational action - mainly students, families, public authorities - and the daily practice of the class. It highlights, the plurality of professional identities and professional practice variability following relational configurations, organizational rules, and, the social and cultural context of work. For example, the significant teacher in a village becomes an employee being poorly paid in the city. Similarly, when the management of discipline in the classroom, the multiplicity of varied activities, looking for teaching tools, maintenance of the class, punctuate a morning's work of public school teacher and of his students, the maximum exploitation of the many educational resources available characterized a morning's work of the partner school teacher.The analysis can also identify the mechanisms underlying the agreements and disagreements within the school system in its entirety. Training devices not adapted to the actual conditions of work, the marginalization of the teacher in the province, the expectations of the families against the teacher in his home village, leakage of exam classes or oversized classes by some teachers, the constitution and the management of budgets in institutions, radicalization or non of Union action... are all factors sources of opposition characterizing the relationships of teachers between them teachers with parents of students or the public authorities
Briselance, Claude. "Les écoles d' horlogerie de Besançon : une contribution décisive au développement industriel local et régional (1793-1974)." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LYO20078/document.
Full textThe history of the watchmaking schools in Besançon is part of the birth and continuous development of a specific industry in a very limited sector of the French territory. When studying those schools we start at the « protoindustrial » time with its roots in the revolutionary ideals of 1793 and end up with the technological upheavals of electronics and the « quartz » technology in the 1970s. Three « schools » followed one another over the long term. Each school aimed at satisfying the demands of a watchmakng industry confronted to rapidly changing technical evolutions ; so it innovated in its own way by creating an original « corpus » in the students training and most of the time upset the practices and common ideas of the time. If the first two « schools » had a limited lifespan, the last one created in 1861 by the town council itself has been supporting the industrial growth of the city and the surrounding region. Since its foundation it has stuck to the industrial reality by placing the emphasis on high standards and opening new specific branches whenever necessary, thus answering the needs of firms always looking for highly qualified staff. For a large number of French people Besançon became the « capital town of the watchmaking industry » thanks to the shops or repair workshops kept by Besançon-trained former students all over France… It served as a background to set up research and university laboratories in the city : Observatoire Chronométrique, Ecole d’Ingénieurs, Centre d’Etudes Horlogères et de Développement Industriel (Cétéhor)… It contributed to the industrial diversification of the town in fields related to watchmaking such as mechanical cutting, micromechanics, equipment and microtechniques. It was nationalized in 1891 and then belonged to the very small elite goup of the Professional National Schools that influenced the future industrial development of the country. In 1933 it moved into sparkling-new premises and was acknowledged as the flagship of technical education in France : it offered a large number of innovating courses ranging from the skilled worker to the engineer and was granted the latest equipments in every field. The path of this new school also enhanced a « humane » and « prosopographical » history ; it highlighted the part played by the numerous former students who created their own successful businesses. Being faithful to their old school they contributed to the renown and economic growth and prosperity of the city and its region… Beyond the local impact we must regard the history of the watchmaking schools as an important part of the history of Technical Education in France. To meet the needs of a soaring watchmaking industry they opened the way to the transfer of professional training from apprenticeship in workshops with its observed shortcomings to education in technical high schools. Their pedagogical innovations, the strong support of their former students created a vital school-business link that still lives on in the collective memory of the town inhabitants.In 1974 its name changed to Lycée Jules Haag thus losing any reference to watchmaking. Let us now try and understand the strong influence and success of those watchmaking schools, the active part they played in the economic industrial prosperity of a town and its surrounding region…
Duquesnoy, Maxime. "Les usages professionnels de l'internet chez les enseignants du primaire : une recherche en Communauté française de Belgique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05H012/document.
Full textThe development of the internet leads to various changes in our everyday life, including in the academic sphere and in the work of teachers. In the light of work and education sociologies, this thesis analyses professional uses of the internet by primary school teachers in the Frenchspeaking Community of Belgium. Based on a questionnaire survey, an ethnographic proccess and the analysis of websites and social networks, the pluralist approach of this study makes it possible to analyse the uses of the internet by these professionals, to understand when and how they use it in their work and to study its impact. This study focuses on the analyses of the work in its globality, going beyond the visible aspects of the uses in order to comprehend them as a whole and in their full complexity. More than 200 teachers were surveyed, which allowed to focus on regular and prevailing uses as well as, on the contrary, neglected ones. The observation of these stakeholders daily work during three school years brings the contextualization of certain elements, sometimes being moderated in the light of the realities on the ground. Finally, the analyses of the used websites and their interactions on social networks highlights some teacher tasks at times concealed