Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Produits de la mer – Synthèse (chimie)'
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Frère, Stéphane Frédéric. "Synthèse d'hétérocycles azotés et soufrés à potentiel anticancéreux." La Rochelle, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003LAROS100.
Full textNew potential antitumor arylthiazoles have been prepared via 4,5-dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride chemistry from aromatic amines as starting material. Reaction of cyclisation of iminodithiazole to benzothiazole has been optimised and scalling up under micro-wave irradiation was performed. The synthesis of a natural benzothiazole has been reinvestigated with luciferine derivatives. According several methodologies solvant free, thiazolocoumarins have been isolated. New plan and linear bis-2-cyanobenzothiazoles have been obtained via Appel salt chemistry with bis-amines as starting material and by coupling reaction using Cu or Ni. The synthetic route to and a preliminary biological evaluation of novel indolo[1,2-c]quinazolines and benzimidazo[1,2-c]quinazolines are described. The products were obtained by condensation of the appropriate diamines(e. G. 2-(2-aminophenyl)indole or 2-(2-aminophenyl)benzymidazole) with benzothiazole-2-carbonitriles. Topoisomerase inhibition of thiazolocompounds has been discussed. Moreover, original indirubin and thiazolotetralone derivatives have been prepared and tested against cyclin dependant kinases
Picon, Sylvain. "Réaction de couplage oxydatif de la guanidine avec des oléfines : application à la synthèse d'analogues de métabolites marins." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112261.
Full textThis scientific project deals in one hand with the application of an oxidative coupling of guanidines with alkenes towards the synthesis of the (+/-) dibromoagelaspongin via a biometic approach. On the other hand this work aims to the synthesis of keramadine’s analogs in order to evaluate their biological activity on 5-HT2c serotoninergic receptors and melatoninergic receptors like MT1 and MT2. According to our biogenetic hypothesis for the formation of the (+/-) dibromoagelaspongin, the formation of two synthetic equivalents of the cyclic oroïdin was achieved using two different pathways. Unfortunately, for each equivalent, the last biomimetic oxidation –cyclisation step underwent to product rearrangements and the (+/-) dibromoagelaspongin cant’t be obtained. Nevertheless, the tetracyclic intermediate could be isolated illustrating the first synthesis of the tetracyclic core of the (+/-) dibromoagelaspongin. By another pathway induced by the two previous, the debromodispacamide B was synthesized by coupling a guanidine with an oxidized equivalent of diketopiperazine pyrrole-proline. This synthesis allowed us to confirm the mechanism of the debromodispacamide B formation from the diketopiperazine pyrrole-proline. In a medicinal chemistry project, we synthesized a new variety of keramadine analogs. In this purpose, we developed a new synthesis of 1,2-dihydropyridins. This approach led us to the major formation of undesired products that exhibited interesting new skeletons. Unfortunately, they didn’t possess a good affinity for the aimed receptors
Montenegro, Paula Ferreira. "Isolement, synthèse et valorisation de substances naturelles marines." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Université Côte d'Azur, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024COAZ5038.
Full textOceans occupy over 70% of the Earth's surface and represent one of the richest components of the terrestrial biosphere. The various marine organisms found there produce a wide variety of specialized metabolites with biological properties of interest.In this work, we focused on three main tasks: (i) the extraction, fractionation, isolation and structural characterization of specialized metabolites from the Mediterranean sponge Crambe crambe, and a sponge belonging to the order verongida sampled in Djibouti, (ii) the synthesis of metabolites isolated in previous work, peroxyacarnoic acid E, and bolascidins A - D, selected for their biological properties and structural singularities, and (iii) the evaluation of the biological properties of natural and synthetic compounds.The study of a sponge sampled in Djibouti led to the identification of three bromotyrosine derivatives, psammaplin A, psammaplin A1, and bisaprasine. Isolated bromotyrosines, as well as 4-O-sulfatocyclobispsammaplin A, previously isolated from the sponge Hexadella racovitzai, were evaluated for their biological properties, notably as antioxidants. The study performed on the Crambe crambe sponge led to the isolation and characterization of three cyclic guanidine alkaloids, crambescines A1 462, A2 448, and C1 480. These were found to be active against deoxyhypusine synthase (DHPS), a key enzyme involved in the hypusination pathway. Peroxyacarnoic acid E, previously isolated from the sponge Clathria rugosa, exhibited cytotoxicity against several tumor cell lines by activating regulated necrosis pathways, such as necroptosis or ferroptosis. We developed a 13-step convergent synthesis strategy to access this compound in sufficient quantity. The synthesis of the endoperoxide, considered as the key step in the proposed synthetic strategy, was the subject of several attempts. Finally, previous isolation and structural characterization work on the ascidian Polysyncraton sp. led to four new bolaamphiphilic compounds, bolascidins A - D. We designed a 15-step convergent synthesis strategy to access these compounds and their derivatives in sufficient quantities. Several attempts were made to synthesize the central fragment and the polyunsaturated alkyl chain
Beauchard, Anne. "Synthèse de composés hétérocycliques à visée anti-cancéreuse." La Rochelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LAROS175.
Full textIn an effort to develope new inhibitors of kinases as anticancer agents, we synthetized original indirubins and azaindirubins substituted in position 5, 5’, 6 and 7. Because of the poor water solubility and low bioavailability, monoxime analogs were also prepared. The effect on cyclin dependant kinase, glycogene synthase kinase-3 and on the survival of human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y cells were estimated. On the other hand, we synthetized thiazoloindolo[3,2-c]quinolin which are closed to natural alcaloid. We reinvestigated the Graebe-Ullmann condensation under micro-wave. A new scaffold 7H-4,5-diaza-benzo[de]anthracen which is structurally closed to dercitin, a marine alkaloid, was identified. The effect on breast cancers cells, potential DNA intercalating and topoisomerase inhibition were also discussed
Corbin, Mathilde. "Formation de liaisons carbone-azote : application à la synthèse de benzazoles et de produits naturels marins bioactifs." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS324/document.
Full textThis manuscript describes synthetic approaches of benzosceptrin, a pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole (P-2-AI) isolated from a marine sponge, via C-N bond formation and a [2+2] photodimerization. Its synthesis presents the challenges of the benzo-bis-2-aminoimidazole moiety construction and the regio- and stereoselective synthesis of the benzocyclobutanic motif. With this objective, a new methodology of diamination of 2-cyclohexenones by 2-aminopyrimidine and 2-aminopyridines in the presence of the very simple iron/iodine/dioxygen catalytic system has been developed. It was also extended to chalcones and chromone. The application of this method allowed the synthesis of the benzo-bis-2-aminoimidazole moiety of benzosceptrin via the formation of 4 C-N bonds, in 6 steps in an overall yield of 28 % and to explore the reactivity of some intermediates. The second cyclobutanic moiety has been completed thanks to the development of a stereo- and regioselective photodimerization [2+2] of a (E)-3-(imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidin-2-yl)acrylic acid. Although the total synthesis of benzosceptrin was not achieved, this work allowed the preparation of a chemical library of 50 simplified derivatives for biological evaluations. Those evaluations in kinases inhibition and cytotoxicity helped to highlight an original and interesting cytotoxic product. This research permitted to progress the synthesis of benzosceptrin, to develop a new method of diamination and to create a chemical library of simplified derivatives of a natural product
Juillet, Charlotte. "Conception, synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique d’analogues simplifiés de métabolites marins, inhibiteurs de la kinase Aurora B, à visée anticancéreuse." Thesis, université Paris-Saclay, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020UPASF019.
Full textThis manuscript describes the design, synthesis and biological evaluation of oroidin analogs. Oroidin is a monomer of benzosceptrin C, belonging to the pyrrole-2-aminoimidazole family, isolated from marine sponges. The simplification and structural diversification approaches led us to the identification of a non-natural hit displaying selective inhibitory activity against the kinase Aurora B. This kinase plays a key role in cell division and its inhibition leads to severe mitotic abnormalities. Aurora B is found to be up-regulated in many human cancers, indicating that this kinase is a cancer-relevant target. The objective of the study at the interface between chemistry and biology is to optimize the discovered hit into a lead. The hit scaffold is divided in three parts: the 4,5-dibromopyrrole, the imidazo[1,2-a]pyrimidine and the alkyne moieties. After the first introductive chapter, chapters II to IV are dedicated to the pharmacomodulations of each part. We finally managed to synthesize eighty-two analogs for in vitro evaluations toward Aurora B and a panel of kinases involved in diverse human pathologies. Several compounds were found to be very active with IC50 down to 34 nM, displaying a 150-fold higher activity than the initial hit. The last chapter discusses the mode of action of the most active inhibitors from the hit expansion. The enzymatic kinetic assays revealed an uncommon mode of action with allosteric inhibitors (type IV) of Aurora B. Immunostaining experiments highlighted the typical effects of Aurora B inhibition in treated cells as well as its quantification. At last, molecular docking study with the best inhibitor showed the most probable allosteric binding pocket of Aurora B, providing crucial support in hit-to-lead optimization. In conclusion and perspectives, the efforts to be pursued in order to improve physicochemical and pharmacokinetic properties in the lead-to-candidate process are pointed
Munoz, Julie. "Extraction de l’éponge marine Axinella donnani et synthèse d’une chimiothèque d’analogues du dispacamide A." Thesis, Paris 11, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA112245/document.
Full textPyrrole-2-aminoimidazoles (P-2-AIs) are secondary metabolites specifically encountered in marine sponges. They are mainly found in Agelasidae, Halichondridae and Axinellidae families. Thus, the chemical study of the marine sponge Axinella donnani has led to the extension of the current knowledge about the diversity of the family and a better understanding of their biogenesis. Two batches of the sponges have been studied to lead to the isolation of 29 compounds: among them six P-2-AIs new dimers, a new mazacidin molecule and a new 3,5-bromotyrosine dimer. Their structures have been determined with 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopy experiments. Their absolute configuration has also been studied with circular dichroïsm. Additionally, 29 analogues of dipacamide A have been synthetized in order to test these molecules on various biological targets
Letribot, Boris. "Synthèse et évaluation biologique de nouveaux composés hétérocycliques potentiellement inhibiteurs de protéine-kinases." Thesis, La Rochelle, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LAROS002/document.
Full textDeregulation of protein kinases leads to numerous pathologies such as cancers and neurodegenerative diseases. In order to identify new scaffolds able to inhibit this proteins we synthesized new 3-alkenyl-oxindoles. By the mean of Appel’s salt chemistry, we develop a new synthetic route to this skeleton. Our approach allows variation of the substituent of the exocyclic akene which can be functionalized by heterocycles, amino-nitriles or thio-nitrile which are obtained after selective ring opening of (1,2,3)-dithiazoles. In another part, given powerful indirubin kinase inhibitory potency, we synthesized new analogs indiribunoids and isoindigoids. In both cases (3-akenyl-oxindoles from Appel’s salt chemistry and indigoids), the aromatic ring were substituted by various electron withdrawing group and nitrogen were incorporated to determinate structure activity relationship. All this 80 original 3-alkenyl-oxindoles were evaluated for their ability to inhibit kinase activity and cell proliferation
Cook, Cyril. "Synthèse totale de l'exiguolide." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112229.
Full textExiguolide is a macrolide isolated in 2006 from the marine sponge Geodia exigua. It specifically inhibits fertilization of sea urchin gametes but not embryogenesis of the fertilized eggs, which indicates a potential antiviral activity. Exiguolide is a 20-membered ring lactone fused with two 2,6-cis-disubstituted tetrahydropyran rings, one of which bears an exocyclic methoxycarbonylmethylidene appendage which is reminiscent of bryostatins, known antitumor compounds. The macrolactone also bears 7 asymmetric centers and an E,Z,E trienic system. Its absolute configuration was determined by the total synthesis of the unnatural enantiomer ent-Exiguolide reported in 2008. The structure of Exiguolide displays a number of salient motifs rendering this challenging target quite seductive. Our retrosynthetic analysis is based on two highly diastereoselective key-reactions. A tandem Ru(II)-catalyzed ene-yne cross-coupling / oxo-Michaël addition reported by Trost that allows the synthesis of a tetrahydropyran ring controlling the geometry of its methylidene substituent. A conjugated nucleophilic substitution allows the introduction of a methyl group with chirality transfer. The bibliographic introduction displays the various methods of tetrahydropyran rings formation used in natural products syntheses. The first chapter contains the first approaches in the synthesis of Exiguolide and the second chapter displays the synthetic way that allowed achieving the total synthesis of Exiguolide
Smietana, Michael. "Contribution à la synthèse totale des psammaplysines." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13099.
Full textBouzanne, des Mazery Renaud. "Synthèse asymétrique d'éthers cycliques disubstitués et application à la synthèse de produits naturels." Strasbourg 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR13122.
Full textIn this work, we reported the development of a new way of access to 5, 6, 7 and 8-membered a, a'-cis-disubstituted cyclic ethers. This methodology was elaborated combining two very effective processes: the stereocontrolled reduction of enantiopure b-ketosulfoxides, with DIBAL or the DIBAL/ZnBr2 system, and the reductive cyclization of enantiomerically pure hydroxyketones, easily accessible from the formers, with the TMSOTf/Et3SiH system. This approach turned out to be highly enantioselective in the case of 5, 6 and 7-membered rings. Besides, it was applied to the total synthesis of two tetrahydropyranic natural products, (2S,6S)-cis-(6-methyltetrahydropyran-2-yl)acetic acid and (-)-Centrolobine, which were obtained with an enantiomeric excess greater than 98%. Moreover, the asymmetric synthesis of (-)-Centrolobine allowed us to revise the absolute configuration of the natural compound. For each ring size, we were interested in the synthesis of oxygenated heterocycles bearing in position a either an alkyl substituent, or an aryl substituent, in order to study the potentialities of our ring-forming step. These cyclic ethers were described, so it was possible to check the absolute and relative configurations of both chiral centres by chemical correlation. Finally, if the stereocontrolled reduction step of a-alkyl-b-ketosulfoxides towards the formation of 2,8-disubstituted oxocanes, such as (+) and (-)-cis-Lauthisan, was very satisfactory in terms of yield and diastereoselectivity, the reductive cyclization step was not so effective, as yields did not exceed 40%. These results can however be regarded as satisfactory ones, considering the well-known difficulty in obtaining 8-membered cyclic ethers by direct cyclization
Pelchat, Nicholas. "Synthèse chimioenzymatique et énantiosélective de produits naturels." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27167/27167.pdf.
Full textFécourt, Fabien. "Le motif 1,3-enyne: un motif polyvalent : Synthèse de métabolites issus des algues Caulerpa taxifolia et prolifera - synthèse d'époxyallenynol." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2006. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2006/FECOURT_Fabien_2006.pdf.
Full textGeffroy, Guillaume. "Synthèse d'analogues de produits naturels par réactions de Diels-Adler hétéroatomiques." Mulhouse, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987MULH0060.
Full textBugaut, Xavier. "Vers la synthèse de l’aglycone des landomycines." Paris 11, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA112313.
Full textLandomycins are a class of natural products first isolated in 1990 from fermentation of actinobacteria Streptomyces cyanogenus. They consist in a partially aromatic fused tretracyclic aglycone, named landomycinone, and a glycosidic side chain. All members of the family, including the aglycone, exhibited a high antitumoral activity on a large number of cell lines, especially on multidrug resistant ones. We undertook the elaboration of an efficient synthesis of landomycinone. The main synthetic challenge is the construction of partially unsaturated cycle B, wich bears a very fragile alcohol functionality. Three distinct strategies have been studied. The first one relies on the closure of cycle B using an original domino Michael-aldolisation reaction, which has been efficiently performed. However, the construction of the rest of the molecule, notably via a Diels-alder reaction, is for the time not working. Two key-steps were planed within the second retrosynthesis : the construction of secondary alcohol by a Cr (II)-mediated chlorovinylation and then the construction of cycle B by ring-closing metathesis. Low yields and problems of reproducibility led us to give up this strategy. The last approach enabled the construction of the tretacyclic structure of landomycinone by the means of two metal-catalyzed key-steps : an intramolecular alkyne cyclomerisation and a ring-closure metathesis. A final functional transformation (conversion of cycle C into a quinone) is needed to complete the synthesis
Goncalves, Sylvie. "Cyclisation cationique 6-endo-Trig: Synthèse totale du Triptophénolide et synthèse formelle du Triptolide : développements de nouvelles méthodologies de synthèse." Strasbourg, 2010. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2010/GONCALVES_Sylvie_2010.pdf.
Full textMost of this thesis work dealt with the development of a new total synthesis of triptophenolide as well as a formal synthesis of triptolide, two natural products exhibiting a wide range of biological properties. (-)-Triptolide possesses, in particular, a promising anti-tumoral activity in the fight against cancer. The synthesis developed was based on a cationic 6-endo-Trig cyclisation as the key step. Many initiators of cyclisation were synthesized followed by the study and the optimization of each cyclisation, which revealed a new diastereoselective cationic 6-endo-Trig cyclisation of an allylic 1,3-dithiolane with TMSOTf. The total synthesis was finally completed from the trans-decaline formed after cyclisation, and our total synthesis represents the most concise ever reported. The development of new synthetic methodologies was also an important part of this work. Many methods were discovered: the diastereoselective and chemoselective cyclisation of keto-epoxide to form cis-decalines, the diastereoselective cyclisation of allylic 1,3-dithiolanes to form trans-decalines, an efficient preparation of tetrahydrobenzofurans under the microwave irradiation of triketones, and finally, the one-pot C-acylation of cyclic 1,3-diones to prepare β-triketones mono- or disubstituted
Rey, Jérôme. "Synthèse et physico-chimie de nouveaux types de photoprotecteurs." Toulouse 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004TOU30093.
Full textSynthesis and physical chemistry studies of the new types of photoprotectors-There are three families of triazines which are used on different domains of applications: agriculture, pharmacy, aeronautics Among these compounds, there is the 1,2,4-triazines which are used in the field of the agriculture and for their pharmaceutical properties but few in the field of the cosmetic. Studies physical chemistry show that these molecules present spectral properties close to cutaneous photoprotectors, absorbing in the UV (UVA and UVB). Nowadays, the photoprotectors show themselves unstable, to see toxic long-term or too specific. New molecules from 1,2,4-triazines were synthetized by several ways of synthesis. Them studies physical chemistry show that they cover a wide spectral domain, that they are photostable and present a good indication of photoprotection and which cross only few the cutaneous barrier. These compounds turns out to be of good useful cutaneous photoprotectors in beauty care
Dewez, Damien. "Applications de la Catalyse au Cuivre en Synthèse Totale et pour le Développement de Nouveaux Procédés Impliquant des Cyanamides." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/315175.
Full textDoctorat en Sciences
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Mahieux, Cédrick. "Synthèse et fonctionnalisation stéréocontrôlées de silacycles substitues." Bordeaux 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BOR12753.
Full textPolyhydroxylated chains having adjacent stereogenic centers exist in a large quantity of biologically active molecules. We envisaged the development of an approach which is convergent, rapid and stereoselective for the synthesis of these targets. This convergent pathway reposes on the usi of medium size silacycles (5 to 7 membered ring). Silicon acts as a linker, between 2 allylic moieties which are differently functionalises. These can be oxidized generating 2 new alcohol functions. During this work, we tried to generate steraoselectively chiral silacycles of different silacycle. Thus wo could per form : - Elaboration of these silacycles by synthesis of regio- and stereocontrolled allylsilanes, cyclisation was achieved by ring-closing metathesis. - Stereoselective functionalisation of the double bond by an electrophilic pathway which underlined unusual reactivity of these substrats. - Oxydation fo C-Si bonds in order to synthesise hydroxyles moieties. The convergent syntheses of silacycles having up to 4 adjacent stereogenic centers was rapidly performed (3 steps). The results allow us to unveil future applications of these silacycles in the synthesis of natural molecules
Geneste, Hervé. "Métallation assistée par groupement voisin et application à la synthèse de produits biologiquement actifs." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20149.
Full textTestard, Alexandra. "Synthèse de thiazoloquinazolinones angulaires N-Alkylees à visée thérapeutique." La Rochelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LAROS158.
Full textThe protein kinases constitute an important family involved in numerous cellular functions. So it’s an important target for the potential therapeutic interest. In order to obtain new inhibitor family, the multistep synthesis of : 8-substituted-9-oxo-8,9-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-f]- quinazoline -2- carbonitrile, 7-substituted-6-oxo-6,7-dihydro-thiazolo[4,5-h]-quinazoline-2-carbonitril 8-substituted-9-oxo-8, 9-dihydrothiazolo[5,4-f]-quinazoline-2,7-dicarbonitrile was investigated. This compounds were prepared via the 4,5-dichloro-1,2,3-dithiazolium chloride chemistry. And the synthesis was optimized under micro-wave irradiation. The inhibition of Cyclin Dependant Kinase (CDKs) and Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 (GSK-3) was evaluated. Moreover, a structure activity relationship was determined with molecular modeling
Vallerotto, Sara. "Synthèse totale de l'Amphidinolide N." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLS289/document.
Full textThe dinoflagellates are marine organisms (phytoplancton) that have shown to be a major source of toxins. Special attention was given to gender Amphidinium, which has the particularity of living in symbiosis with marine flatworms present in the bay of Okinawa (Japan). The team of professor Kobayashi has isolated different species of Amphidinium and elucidated the structures of their secondary metabolites: the amphidinolides. Kobayashi and colleagues then determined the cytotoxic activity of these molecules. In particular we decided to synthesize amphidinolide N because of his cytotoxic activity: IC50 = 0.08 nM on L1210 cells (lymphoma), IC50 = 0.09 nM on KB cells (carcinoma). To achieve this molecule we have developed a strategy based on a convergent assembly of four main fragments: C1-C5, C6-C12, C13-C17 and C18-C29. C1-C5 fragment has been synthesized following two different strategies: the first one gave us the desired compound in six steps and with a global yield of 8.4%, the second strategy allowed us to obtain this fragment in seven steps with a global yield of 3.8%. The two procedures gave us the C1-C5 portion controlling the configurations of the stereogenic centres, although the second strategy gave us the possibility to obtain more stables intermediates. C6-C12 fragment has been obtained in ten steps with a good global yield of 9.4%. The chemistry developed is strong; the reactions are repeatable with good results. C13-C17 fragment has been synthesized in three steps with a global yield of 40.6%; the absolute configuration has been assured by the natural compound used as starting material. The last fragment, C18-C29, has been obtained from natutal D-glutamic acid in nine steps, with a global yield of 19.4%. The assembly of C1-C5 fragment and C6-C12 has been realized with Stille’s coupling, although an alternative strategy is needed because of the lack of reproducibility. C13-C29 fragment has been successfully obtained by epoxydes opening reactions. Further studies and trial are needed to couple the two macro-fragments (C1-C12 and C13-C29) and finish the total synthesis of amphidinolide N
Moreau, Anne Madeleine. "Synthèse de produits naturels articulés autour du noyau isoindolinone." Lille 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LIL10023.
Full textVirolleaud, Marie-Alice. "Processus domino de métathèse cyclisante et couplage croisé : application à la synthèse de produits naturels." Lyon 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LYO10174.
Full textMouaziz, Hanna. "Synthèse et polycondensation de macrocycles dérivés du 1,4,7,10-tétraazacyclododécane." Le Mans, 2000. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2000/2000LEMA1014.pdf.
Full textWillot, Matthieu. "Synthèse des ecteinascidines 743, 597 et de leurs analogues." Paris 11, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA112175.
Full textEcteinascidins are a family of marine tetrahydroisoquinolines with very promising anticancer properties. The most powerful natural molecule, ecteinascidin 743, is commercialized since 2007 in Europe as Yondelis® for treatment of advanced soft tissues sarcomas. The interest of these compounds is also that they constitute a new class of antitumoral agents thanks to an original mechanism of action. The discovery of simplified analogues of ecteinascidin 743, in particular phthalascidin and Zalypsis®, confirms the numerous perspectives given by these molecules. The main aim of this thesis was the development of new routes for the synthesis of unpublished analogues of ecteinascidin 743, taking support on the total syntheses of ecteinascidins 743 and 597 realized in the laboratory. These works enabled us to study in detail a key-step which consists in a diastereoselective N-alkylation between an enantiomerically pure amine and a racemic 2-aryl-2-bromoacetate. Then we developed a new route to the pentacyclic core of ecteinascidin 743, via an original Swern oxidation / Pomeranz-Fritsch type cyclization / thiol insertion sequence. Nevertheless, we used another synthetic way to obtain an advanced scaffold, precursor of the designed analogues of ecteinascidin 743. Finally, we also studied the generalization to other aromatic compounds of the mild conditions of the Friedel-Crafts type reaction used in the total synthesis of ecteinascidin 743
Sanda, Komla. "Chimie fine du D-fructose : synthèse du chloromethyl-5 furannecarboxaldéhyde-2." Toulouse, INPT, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989INPT034G.
Full textFournier, Lycia. "Etude expérimentale et théorique de la translactonisation de β-lactones. Applications en synthèse totale de produits naturels." Aix-Marseille 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AIX30009.
Full textThe [alpha],β-unsaturated or β-hydroxy [delta]-lactone moieties are present in a number of natural products of biological importance. Among these, callystatin A has attracted special interest because of its activities against tumoral cells. Thus, the preparation of these moieties is one of the key-steps of the synthesis of these natural products. Our aim was to propose a new and efficient method for the preparation of [alpha],β-unsaturated or β-hydroxy lactones from β-lactones. The translactonization of silylated β-lactones into [alpha],β-unsaturated [delta]-lactones and of desilylated β-lactones into β-hydroxy [delta]-lactones was optimised and applied to the total synthesis of natural products : (±)-prelactone B, (-)-massoialactone, (±)-goniothalamin, (+)-argentilactone. Side by side with our experimental work we have also carried out a theoretical study in order to get a better understanding. Finally, a preliminary study of the synthesis of callystatin A is reported
Pereira, Maria de Fatima. "Synthèse et évaluation pharmacologique de quinazolin-4-ones polycycliques à visée anti-tumorale." La Rochelle, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LAROS181.
Full textThe quinazolin-4-one skeleton is a building block for the preparation of numerous alkaloids with pronounced biological properties. As part of our ongoing research activity, we decided to prepare some original polycyclic quinazolinone derivatives with potential pharmacological value and structurally related to alkaloids. An original synthesis has been developed from N-arylimino-1,2,3-dithiazoles and diamines. We described the rapid and efficient access to novel pentacyclic ring via a Niementowski reaction optimised under microwave irradiation. Finally, the preparation of novel thiazoloquinazolinones has been described from anthranilic acid and imidazole or imidazol-4-one. Iminodithiazoles are cyclised into the thiazole ring by using a methodology performed in our laboratory. The target molecules has been evaluated for their inhibitory activity against kinases and topoisomerases
Feraud, Michel. "Substances naturelles : nouvelles méthodologies d'élaboration de briques moléculaires à méthylène exocyclique : application à la synthèes diastéréolective de la (+-)-cis-gamma-irone." Aix-Marseille 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996AIX30063.
Full textWoisel, Patrice. "Utilisation d'[alpha]-aminocarbanions phosphorylés pour l'élaboration de systèmes lactamiques : application à la synthèse de produits naturels." Lille 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL10001.
Full textBontemps, Nathalie. "Noyau pyridoacridine : structure et synthèse d'alcaloi͏̈des cytotoxiques isolés d'Invertébrés marins." Perpignan, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996PERP0240.
Full textSatrallah, Ahmed. "Etude des produits de condensation de l'isopropyl-4 méthyl-3 phénol avec le formaldéhyde : synthèse et propriétés de calixarènes asymétriques." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10172.
Full textAjana, Mohammed Aziz. "Acylation d'alcènes monosubstitués portant un groupement fonctionnel sur le squelette carbone saturé : Utilisation des produits obtenus en synthèse." Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10047.
Full textBrinkmann, Yasmin. "Sintesis asimétrica de heterociclos polisustituidos y applicacion a la sintesis de productos naturales." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005STR13089.
Full textJean, Marc Alexandre. "Développement d'une méthode verte pour la construction des γ-hydroxybuténolides et synthèse de produits naturels et d'une nouvelle classe de peptidomimétiques." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/31594.
Full textThe work accomplished concerns primarily the total synthesis of biologically important organic molecules including secondary metabolites and non-natural compounds. Importantly, this research also led to the discovery and development of new methodology for the synthesis of oxygen heterocycles. First, a concise, biomimetic route to paracaseolide A is described. This complex molecule was synthesized in 4 or 5 steps via akolactone A, a natural product itself that is assumed to be an intermediate in the biosynthesis of paracaseolide A. Key steps include (i) regiocontrolled aldol reaction of α–angelica lactone with myristyl aldehyde, (ii) oxyfunctionalization of a 2-silyloxyfuran to generate an (E)–α–alkylidene–γ–hydroxy butenolide, and (iii) Diels-Alder dimerization of the latter and in situ cyclodehydration to provide paracaseolide A. The stereochemical outcome of the Diels-Alder cycloaddition is discussed. In addition, the synthesis allowed the discovery of three unprecedented transformations, notably the conversion of α–alkylidenebutenolides to γ–hydroxybutenolides and 2-silyloxyfurans, and the aerobic oxidation of the latter. In particular, a new, green and practical method was developed for converting 2-silyloxyfurans to γ–hydroxybutenolides using oxygen as oxidant. A mechanism for this autoxidation is proposed, supported by control experiments and the isolation of side products. The utility of this method was demonstrated by a short synthesis of isofugomycin (5 steps, 35% overall yield). Following on from our interest in polycyclic terpenoids, and more precisely the labdane family, we developed a unified route to three structurally novel secondary metabolites, namely, amomaxin A and B and ottensidione. These molecules contain a nine-membered carbocycle which is rarely encountered in Nature. All three targets were assembled from a common precursor, obtained in 16 steps from (+) - sclareolide. The route entailed judicious application of several important reactions, including Grob/Wharton fragmentation and ring closing metathesis (RCM). The synthesis enabled establishment of the correct stereochemistry of amomaxin A, which was misassigned in the original publication. In a related project, we corrected the structure of a new labdane natural product, independently isolated from two Alpinia plants by different research groups, by careful analysis of the reported spectroscopic data and NMR comparison of the chemical shifts with those of ottensinin. vi Finally, we developed a diversity - oriented synthesis of non - symmetric, diol - based peptidomimetics as potential protease inhibitors of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). The route begins from a readily available carbohydrate building - block and makes use of conjugated addition as a key step. It allows divergence at four distinct points, thereby generating a library of new, drug-like compounds for biological screening.
Guillon, Cyrille. "Ammoxydation du glycérol en acrylonitrile en phase gaz." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Lille 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LIL10015.
Full textDue to the shortage in the petroleum availability and the bad environmental balance, it is necessary to find new ways to create all the products coming from petrochemistry. In this case, Production of biodiesel allows replacing part of actual gasoline consumption. During the synthesis of this biofuel, an interesting molecule in chemistry (the glycerol) is produced. Few years ago, this molecule was not correctly valorized. To increase the valorization, numbers of application have been found. One of them is to use the available glycerol to produce chemical intermediates. In this case, it is possible to use glycerol to produce acrylonitrile to replace the actual reactant, the propene. This reaction has been studied in a fixed bed reactor, using a vanadium-antimonate catalyst supported on alumina. The reaction was difficult to implement, due to the thermal activation of glycerol in presence of oxygen. After trying to overcome this issue, and failing to succeed, it was decided to focus on the indirect ammoxidation of glycerol. A study on the reactivity of the by-products coming from the dehydration of glycerol has been realized. An iron-antimonate catalyst coming from a previous work on ammoxidation of acrolein has been used. In this study, a by-product, able to efficiently synthetized acrylonitrile, has been identified. It was allyl alcohol. At this time, an optimization of the conditions of reaction has been made, to improve the yield of the reaction. After the end and the validation of the optimization, the active phase of the catalyst was studied and found due to the synthesis of a new catalyst which contain only mixed phase. At the end, the organization of the surface was studied, allowing to find the formation of a new phase, only on the surface of the catalyst
Tisserand, Steve. "Contribution à la chimie du chrome et synthèses totales de produits naturels et de composés d'intérêts thérapeutiques." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2004. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2004/TISSERAND_Steve_2004.pdf.
Full textThe work realized during this PhD allowed the development and a better understanding of the chemistry based on chromium(III). It also permitted the total synthesis of molecules of biological interest as part of a collaboration with Pierre Fabre Laboratories. In the first part of this work based on organochromium species, the reproducibility of experiments and the development of methods to generate chromium chloride are exposed. This work also presents a new route to synthesize propargylic alcohols by using chromium(II) and triethylamine, starting from trichloroalkanes and aldehydes. The mechanism which involves the formation of an alkynyl-chromium has been studied. Furthermore the behaviours and the mechanisms of different substrates in presence of CrCl2, such as trichloroethanol and derivates, -unsatured secondary trichloroalkanes and carbon tetrachloride have been studied, as well as the influence of lithium iodide on some of these reactions. From these studies, new routes for the syntheses of E-,-insaturated aldehydes, Z-2-chloroethenol etheroxides, 1-chloroethenol esters, -homoallylic alcohols, and chalcone derivates have been derived. In the second part of this work, total syntheses of four compounds of biological interest have been studied : prostaglandins PGF2 and PGE2, Rhein (with two different ways), and Milnacipran
Patry, Cédric. "Pharmacomodulation de structures polyhétérocycliques d'origine marine : synthèse d'analogues structuraux des grossularines comme inhibiteurs potentiels de kinases, à visée antitumorale." Nantes, 2008. https://archive.bu.univ-nantes.fr/pollux/show/show?id=9b150883-617c-4422-8ab5-79ec1b93969c.
Full textCancer is a major problem of public health. The research in chemotherapy advances, to develop new more specific compounds, diminishing side effects and resistances. So, the synthesis of new structures was inspired by molecules, as grossularines, exits of marine organism could allow to bring to light of new anticancerous agent. In a first part, this job syntheses and pharmacomodulations of analogues of reversed grossularines were accomplished. 3,5-dihydro-4H-imidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-4-one was synthetized by palladocatalysed annelation of N-aryl-2-imidazocarboxamides and the synthesis of 1,5-dihydro-4H-pyrazolo[4,3-c]quinolin-4-one envisaged from isatoic anhydrides by malonic synthesis. In a second part, a new structure has been developed with the support of molecular modelling. This comprehension « de novo » has allows the getting of a structure which will be synthetized by an efficient method in two stages. This structure 3,5-dihydro-4H-pyridazino[4,5-b]indol-4-one allows the introduction of numerous groups by acylation of Friedel-Craft during the synthesis. These molecules were assessed on kinases and on cancerous cell descendants. On kinases the most active compound has IC50 in the order of 5 μM. On cells, IC50 of the most active compounds is less than 1 μM
Balland, Hervé. "Conception d'amphiphiles trimodulaires à partir de produits de la biomasse." Nancy 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003NAN10172.
Full textIn order to valorise the vegetable productions and to obtain biodegradable molecules, new amphiphilic agents with single hydrophobic tails have been synthesized from natural sugar, and derivated. The peptidic part between the hydrophilic head and the hydrophobic tail allows the adjustement of the hydrophilic-lipophilic balance. The strategy of synthesis is based on trimodular synthesis method. Our synthetic approach consists in a preparation of the hydrophilic part independently of the hydrophobic one, these are then linked together. Objectives of our works are the synthesis and the evaluation of these molecules in order to use them in pharmaceutical industry and to valorise farm-products. By using biodegradables substances from the biomass, we find outlets in superfluous vegetable productions by creating original compounds of large consumption. That is why one of the concerns in the execution of our works is the mastery of the production costs of these amphiphilic agents
Beaulieu, Rémi. "Synthèse d’analogues de glycoalcaloïdes aux propriétés aphicides, valorisation des coproduits industriels de la pomme de terre." Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0111.
Full textBy-products management is an environmental, economic and regulatory issue. The potato industry development leads to an increase of the by-products amount. Nowadays, the valorization of these wastes is restricted to the animal diet. Chaconine and solanine are two glycoalkaloids which are involved in the natural defenses of potato plants and which are present in by-products. They have the same aglycon moiety (solanidine), but the saccharidic moiety is different. This latter plays an important role in the biological activities of chaconine and solanine. Hemisynthesis of glycoalkaloids has been performed, solanidine (extracted from the byproducts) is linked on a saccharidic moiety which is obtained by chemical synthesis. These sugar parts are based on the chacotriose (present on chaconine). Oxygen atoms at various anomeric positions have been replaced, or not, by sulfur atoms. Finally, a spacer has been introduced between the aglycone and the saccharidic moiety by using "click chemistry". Cholesterol and diosgenin have been used as models to develop the experimental conditions. In vivo tests on Macrosiphum euphorbiae (aphid pests of potato plants) have shown the aphicidal properties of our synthetized glycoalkaloids. Furthermore, for glycosteroids based on cholesterol and diosgenin, a study on liquid crystals properties has been performed
Dilmac, Alicia Merve. "Synthèse d'iminosucres d'intérêt thérapeutique." Thesis, Paris 5, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA05P609.
Full textIminosugars are a family of powerful glycosidases and glycosyltransferases inhibitors. These properties give them an important therapeutic potential towards various diseases (viral and lysosomal diseases, diabetes, cancers…). A fast and efficient methodology have been recently elaborated for the synthesis of trihydroxylated 2-cyano-6-oxazolopiperidines. This methodology consists in the condensation of a chiral amine onto a polyhydroxylated glutaraldehyde in presence of potassium cyanide. The first objective of this thesis was the study of the reactivity of hexahydro-3-phenyl-6,7,8-trihydroxy-3R-[3R ,5R ,6S ,7R ,8S ,8aR]-5H-oxazolo[3,2-a]pyridine-5-carbonitrile derivatives, obtained by the methodology previously described. Their modifications were performed by alkylation of the α position to their nitrile. This gave access to ten new iminosugars. The objective of this work was the appplication of the mentioned methodology to the synthesis of configurationally related iminosugars. Trihydroxylated 2-cyano-6-oxazolopiperidines mimicking the allose, mannose and galactose configurations were obtained. These compounds were also suitable precursors for piperidine type iminosugars. For example, the hydrogenation of hexahydro-3-phenyl-6,7,8-trihydroxy-3R-[3R ,5R ,6S ,7R ,8S ,8aR]-5H-oxazolo[3,2-a]pyridine-5-carbonitrile afforded an analog of the natural compound D-allo-deoxynojirimycin. An access to pyrrolidine related iminosugars was also proposed. The biological evaluation of the twenty three new iminosugars obtained through this work will be soon performed against various glycosidases (fucosidases, glucosidases, mannosidases, galactosidases)
Lim, Wing Long. "Étude cinétique et caractérisation des produits d'une précipitation avec transformation de phase : application à la synthèse de l'hydroxyde de cobalt (ii) beta." ENSMP, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENMP0941.
Full textGhazi, Mohamed. "Conversion du gaz de synthèse en produits oxygénés en présence de catalyseurs nickel-molybdène supportés." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2006.
Full textCerniauskaite, Deimante. "Glucosinolates - myrosinase : synthèse de substrats naturels et artificiels, inhibiteurs et produits de transformation enzymatique." Phd thesis, Université d'Orléans, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00739777.
Full textSantos, Silva Hugo. "Synthèse et modélisation de polyfullèrenes." Thesis, Pau, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PAUU3010/document.
Full textThe work developed during this thesis include the design, modeling, synthesis and characterization of new polymeric materials based on fullerenes. In the optics of a use within photovoltaic cells, these materials have to present particular properties, among which a good solubility in organic solvents, a good miscibility with the light-absorber polymer as well as a morphological stability superior to those currently used materials, such as (bis-)PC60BM and the derivatives of indene-C60. Six different synthetic routes were studied and the electronic properties (LUMO orbital energy, electroaffinity, electrophilicity, reorganization energy, transfer integral and electron mobility) risen were determined by molecular modeling. Among these routes, the one called ''ATRAP'', not much studied in the literature yet, was finally retained. The physical-chemical properties of the so-synthesized materials, grafted with different lateral chains, were determined by different characterization techniques and their application in thin films for Organic Photovoltaic devices was performed. When used as additives, these materials display a potential of stabilizing the P3HT/PC60BM layer, and this does not influence the performance of the device. After a thermal treatment, this behavior was the opposite of the expected, though: a destabilization of the active layer was noted which mechanism was also studied by several experimental techniques. Finally, a depolymerization mechanism induced by light and/or heat was proposed. Within this process, the cleavage of the monomer-fullerene bond is responsible for creating defects, such as the depolymerization, cross-linkings or irreversible rearrangement of the thin layer. This cleavage can be either thermally activated or induced by the triplet state of the monomer, which also destabilizes this bond. Beyond that, this work was also interested i) to the stabilization of the organic-inorganic interface within photovoltaic devices, ii) to the stabilization of the lateral chain of conjugated polymers, as well as iii) the relation between the geometry of a carbon-based molecule and its reactivity to molecular oxygen. These studies, performed in parallel, drove to the proposition of new donor-acceptor hybrid materials based on hexabenzocoronene, which are capable of stacking over itself to form supramolecular structures similar to discotic liquid crystals. From the conclusions of this document, two products were proposed, which electronic properties reveal that it is possible to design new materials that may be stable and efficient at the same time for application in organic photovoltaics
Cros, Fanny. "Application des processus de métathèse à la synthèse de produits naturels marins." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10103.
Full textThe metathesis realized an important development during the last few years and the Nobelprize given to the chemists Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs et Richard R. Schrock came toreward this work. This reaction has been involved for the synthesis of natural molecules of marine origin. Thiocyanatines A and B, isolated in 2001, have been so prepared by using the reaction of cross metathesis. This is the first example of metathesis with the presence ofthiocyanates groups. Moreover, these two syntheses are using the microwave technology. Largazole, isolated in 2008, is a very important synthetic target because of its anticancerous activity. This manuscript is explaining the synthesis of one part of this molecule but it also provides a methodological study for the formation of thiazoles motives by microwave. Then,Rugulactone, isolated in 2009, has been prepared with a tandem strategy of ring clossing metathesis / cross metathesis and this one has been applied to the synthetis of analogues
Richard, Vincent. "Etudes des cycloadditions [2+2+2] ET [2+2+2+2] des yne-ynamides et leur application dans la synthèse de produits naturels." Caen, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2013CAEN2003.
Full textCatalysis by transition metals is a key element for the development of Green Chemistry, in particular for the decrease of waste, energy consumption, for its efficiency in atoms economy and its interest of an economic point of view. The efficiency of a process can be defined in terms of complexity, selectivity and economy of atom. Catalytic reactions can respect all these criteria simultaneously. So, the association of catalysis and organic chemistry allows to envisage new more economic and more ecological organic syntheses. An important aspect of this approach is the development of new ligands and/or catalysts, which allow to realize effective and selective reactions and the creation of original catalytic processes. During this work, we were interested in the cycloaddition reactions catalyzed by several organometallic complexes and involving in particular ynes-ynamides motives First of all, after a short presentation of this motive in organic synthesis, we developed a straightforward approach to - and -carbolines, tricyclic alkaloids possessing an indol framework, via a ruthenium- or rhodium-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition between an yne-ynamide and a nitrile derivative. Afterward we reported the synthesis of pyridine compounds via an iron-catalyzed [2+2+2] cycloaddition. Finally, in the last chapter, we started a program dedicated to nickel-catalyzed [2+2+2+2] cycloaddition and applied this methodology to the skeleton of Caulerpin
Mouné, Sylvie. "Synthèse totale de l'acide dolatriénoi͏̈que, sous unité de la dolastatine 14." Montpellier 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997MON20195.
Full textBertrand, Samuel. "Photocycloadditions 2+2 et reactions radicalaires diastereo et enantioselectives a partir d'amines tertiaires. Applications a la synthese de produits naturels." Reims, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REIMS001.
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