Dissertations / Theses: 'Products'

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Goffin, Keith. "Planning Product Support for Medical Products." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/1826/4468.

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Product support is a key aspect in the marketing of high-technology products, since it strongly influences customer satisfaction and can also be an important source of revenue. Typical forms of support include operator training, equipment maintenance and, if necessary, repair - all of these are normally provided by manufacturers' support organizations. Good support is particularly important in some markets; an example is medical equipment where good operator training and quick repairs are essential because products are used in critical situations. Despite its importance, support has not been extensively researched. This study describes a management investigation of two aspects. Several authors have identified that product support is dependent on product design. Consequently, the same authors emphasize that support should be thoroughly evaluated during product design. This study identifies the range of factors that may be evaluated and shows that most of the companies surveyed do not fully evaluate support during the design stage. These results are not covered by previously published material and have implications for management. As support influences customer satisfaction, it is important to know how customers perceive support. The study investigated the customer attributes of good support, using interviews with medical equipment customers. The results show that a common set of attributes are associated with support, some relating to the product itself and some to the support organization. The characteristics of products which are easier to support were also identified from the interviews. The contribution of the research is that it made an exploratory investigation of the concept product support. It not only gave the first survey data on how companies plan support but also investigated customers' perceptions of product support. Consequently the study provides a foundation from which there is real scope for further management research, into what is becoming recognized as a vital element of high-technology marketing.

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Marti, Michael. "Complexity management : optimizing product architecture of industrial products /." Wiesbaden Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-8350-5435-6.

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Lazo, Zamalloa Oxana. "Development of new products from aquaculture fish species." Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Girona, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/471460.

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Europeans are regular consumers of fish and aquaculture products. Therefore, five species of potential aquaculture rearing named: Meagre, Pikeperch, Grey Mullet, Greater Amberjack and Wreckfish were selected for new product development. This work incorporated opinions of both experts and naïve assessors thus, including specific demands and consumer preferences, in selected markets of the European Union (UK, Germany, Spain, France and Italy). Different fish product prototypes were developed from the fish species accordingly with suggested ideas and based on the physicochemical and sensory properties of the selected species. Six of these products were chosen, based on their level of processing and addressed market. Consumers perception of all six of them was also assessed in the five selected countries. As it turned out the image/perception of the different products, differed in an important way between countries, as well as their impact on the product acceptance and purchase probability
Los pasíses de la Unión Europea son consumidores habituales de productos de acuicultura. Es por ello que, se seleccionaron cinco especies con potencial acuícola: Corvina, Lucioperca, Mújol, Seriola y Cherna para el desarrollo de nuevos productos. Este trabajo incluyó opiniones tanto de expertos como de consumidores habituales, incluyendo asñi demandas específicas y preferencias en mercados seleccionados de la UE (Alemania, España, Francia, Italia y Reino Unido. Se desarrollaron distintos prototipos de productos basados en ideas sugeridas y en las propiedades fisicoquímicas y sensoriales de las especies. Seis de estos fueron seleccionados basados en su nivel de procesamiento y mercado. La percepción de consumidores sobre los productos fue evaluada en los 5 países de la UE.La percepción de la imagen de los productos difirió notablemente entre países, así como en la aceptabilidad e intención de compra

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Oliva, Viera Ivette Lorena. "Factores que determinaron el incremento de las importaciones de los productos farmacéuticos chinos en el Perú, entre el 2013 al 2017." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/628116.

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La presente investigación tiene como objetivo determinar aquellos factores que generaron el incremento de las importaciones de los productos farmacéuticos chinos en el Perú, entre los años 2013 al 2017. En principio, se analizaron las fuentes secundarias de la industria farmacéutica y las teorías de aplicación para entender mejor la industria y conocer los factores más relevantes que están impulsando el incremento de dichas importaciones chinas, sobre todo por tener un impacto directo con la salud y el bienestar de las personas. De acuerdo a la investigación exhaustiva en el marco teórico, se determinó que el capital y la mano de obra, diversificación, los costos logísticos, el régimen de políticas y la capacidad industrial, son factores determinantes que contribuyen al incremento de las importaciones de los productos farmacéuticos chinos en el Perú. En tanto, la metodología de trabajo aplicada corresponde a un estudio de tipo cualitativo – descriptivo, con diseño no experimental y que utiliza como instrumento de investigación a la entrevista en profundidad, cuyo resultado demostró que cuatro de los cinco factores son considerados determinantes con relación a nuestro tema de estudio. Es decir, el factor de la diversificación no fue considerado determinante para el presente tema de estudio. Debido a la investigación, se recomienda que la industria farmacéutica nacional y privada realice mejores prácticas empresariales con respecto a la utilización de estos factores de modo que puedan no sólo emular lo hecho por China, sino lograr elevar su competitividad en el mercado peruano hacia una industria farmacéutica más fortalecida.
This research aims to determine those factors that generated the increase in imports of Chinese pharmaceutical products in Peru, between 2013 and 2017. In principle, secondary sources of the pharmaceutical industry and application theories were analyzed to better understand the industry and to know the most relevant factors that are driving the increase in these Chinese imports, especially for having a direct impact on health and health. people's well-being According to the exhaustive research in the theoretical framework, it was determined that capital and labor, diversification, logistics costs, policy regime and industrial capacity are determining factors that contribute to the increase in product imports. Chinese pharmacists in Peru. Meanwhile, the applied work methodology corresponds to a qualitative - descriptive study, with a non-experimental design and that uses the in-depth interview as a research instrument, the result of which showed that four of the five factors are considered determinants in relation to Our subject of study. That is, the diversification factor was not considered decisive for the present subject of study. Due to the research, it is recommended that the national and private pharmaceutical industry make better business practices regarding the use of these factors so that they can not only emulate what China has done, but also increase their competitiveness in the Peruvian market towards an industry most strengthened pharmaceutical.
Tesis

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Sun, Luying. "Product + Service: The Intangible Smart in Everyday Products." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1406819515.

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Ostermeier, Lydia. "(Relaxed) Product Structures of Graphs and Hypergraphs." Doctoral thesis, Universitätsbibliothek Leipzig, 2015. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:15-qucosa-167934.

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In this thesis, we investigate graphs and hypergraphs that have (relaxed) product structures. In the class of graphs, we discuss in detail \\emph{RSP-relations}, a relaxation of relations fulfilling the square property and therefore of the product relation $\\sigma$, that identifies the copies of the prime factors of a graph w.r.t. the Cartesian product. For $K_{2,3}$-free graphs finest RSP-relations can be computed in polynomial-time. In general, however, they are not unique and their number may even grow exponentially. Explicit constructions of such relations in complete and complete bipartite graphs are given. Furthermore, we establish the close connection of (\\emph{well-behaved}) RSP-relations to \\mbox{(quasi-)covers} of graphs and equitable partitions. Thereby, we characterize the existence of non-trivial RSP-relations by means of the existence of spanning subgraphs that yield quasi-covers of the graph under investigation. We show, how equitable partitions on the vertex set of a graph $G$ arise in a natural way from well-behaved RSP-relations on $E(G)$. These partitions in turn give rise to quotient graphs that have rich product structure even if $G$ itself is prime. This product structure of the quotient graph is still retained even for RSP-relations that are not well-behaved. Furthermore, we will see that a (finest) RSP-relation of a product graph can be obtained easily from (finest) RSP-relations on the prime factors w.r.t. certain products and in what manner the quotient graphs of the product w.r.t. such an RSP-relation result from the quotient graphs of the factors and the respective product. In addition, we examine relations on the edge sets of \\emph{hyper}graphs that satisfy the grid property, the hypergraph analog of the square property. We introduce the \\emph{strong} and the \\emph{relaxed} grid property as variations of the grid property, the latter generalizing the relaxed square property. We thereby show, that many, although not all results for graphs and the (relaxed) square property can be transferred to hypergraphs. Similar to the graph case, any equivalence relation $R$ on the edge set of a hypergraph $H$ that satisfies the relaxed grid property induces a partition of the vertex set of $H$ which in turn determines quotient hypergraphs that have non-trivial product structures. Besides, we introduce the notion of \\emph{(Cartesian) hypergraph bundles}, the analog of (Cartesian) graph bundles and point out the connection between the grid property and hypergraph bundles. Finally, we show that every connected thin hypergraph $H$ has a unique prime factorization with respect to the normal and strong (hypergraph) product. Both products coincide with the usual strong \\emph{graph} product whenever $H$ is a graph. We introduce the notion of the Cartesian skeleton of hypergraphs as a natural generalization of the Cartesian skeleton of graphs and prove that it is uniquely defined for thin hypergraphs. Moreover, we show that the Cartesian skeleton of thin hypergraphs and its PFD w.r.t. the strong and the normal product can be computed in polynomial time.

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Hough, Darren William. "Aesthetics and product usability." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/23107.

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Akata, Akanay. "Gendering Of Products: In Industrial Design." Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/4/1033323/index.pdf.

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This study examines gender typing of industrial products in the activity of industrial design. Thus firstly, the meaning of gender, related theories and gender stereotypes have been reviewed through the literature survey in order to pinpoint the stereotypical attributes assigned to men and women through society and culture. Secondly, the effect of the stereotypical gender attributes on the act of possessing products have been examined. In return, a literature survey on the cognitive aspects of design has been conducted in order to question whether these gender attributes might have a similar impact on the design activity. The findings of the literature survey pointed towards categorical information processing theories as an appropriate tool to gender type products and also as a tool to measure the gender qualities of a product. To test the applicability of the methodology of categorization a study has been conducted with industrial designers and industrial design students in which the students were asked to design gender typed products and industrial designers were asked to rate their perceptions of genderedness of the designs. The test revealed the existence of a mental library consisting of categorized images corresponding to stereotypical gender attributes in the individuals, thus preparing the grounds for the use of this process in the industrial design activity.

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Cedergren, Stefan. "Performance in Product Development - The Case of Complex Products." Doctoral thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Akademin för innovation, design och teknik, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-11215.

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This research addresses the concept of performance in the development of complex products. More specifically, its aim is to study how performance is perceived and measured within large global companies, and how performance measurement systems can be designed in a systematic way. The exploratory results regard how performance is currently perceived and measured. It is argued that performance measurements are focused on the later stages of the development of complex products, thus making it difficult to perform changes during the development. The focus is on lagging rather than leading indicators of performance, hence it is concluded that focus is on reporting the result rather than the causes of the result. In line with these findings is the weak link between what managers perceive as success factors and what is measured, the perception of performance being influenced by what is measured, rather than the reverse. The prescriptive results focus on the development of models and frameworks to be used during the development of complex products. A general method for developing performance indicators is presented. The concept of Products in Development is proposed, this making it possible to monitor how value is created during the development of a product. Both these models aim at complementing the currently used performance measurement system in order to support effective and efficient development of complex products. The method used in this research is mainly focused around the collection of qualitative data through a focused group interview, multiple case studies,and industrial reference-group seminars. A survey has also been used to complement the qualitative with quantitative data. The use of various research methods has made it possible to triangulate the data, thus strengthening the validity of the findings.

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Khurum, Mahvish. "Decision Support for Product Management of Software Intensive Products." Doctoral thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00511.

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Context: At the core of choosing what features and level of quality to realize, and thus offer a market or customer, rests on the ability to take decisions. Decision-making is complicated by the diverse understanding of issues such as priority, consequence of realization, and interpretations of strategy as pertaining to the short-term and long-term development of software intensive products. The complexity is further compounded by the amount of decision support material that has to be taken into account, and the sheer volume of possible alternatives that have to be triaged and prioritized; thousands or even tens of thousands of requirements can be the reality facing a company. There is a need to develop the functionality that is strategically most significant, while satisfying customers and being competitive, time efficient, cost effective, and risk minimizing. In order to achieve a balance between these factors, all the stakeholders, within an organization, need to agree on the strategic aspects and value considerations to be considered, and their corresponding relative importance. Objective: The objective of this thesis is to provide enhanced decision support for product managers faced with decision-making challenges. This involves, but is not limited to, enhancing the alignment between the product and portfolio management with respect to product strategies, and enabling the use of value as a basis for product management and development related decisions. Method: A number of empirical studies, set in industry, have been performed. The research methods used span from systematic mapping, and systematic reviews to case studies, all aligned to identify possibilities for improvement, devise solutions, and incrementally evaluate said solutions. Close collaboration with industry partners was at the core of the research presented in this thesis. Result: The MASS method presented in this thesis can be used to evaluate strategic alignment and identify possible root causes for misalignment. To strengthen strategic alignment, the Software Value Map and corresponding decision support material, proposed in the thesis, can be used by product managers for making effective and efficient strategic decisions in relation to portfolios, products and process improvement, following a systematic and aligned process. Conclusions: The area of software product management, in the context of market-driven software intensive product development, is a field with unique challenges. The specifics of the solutions are based on industry case studies performed to gauge state-of-the-art, as well as identify the main challenges. The decision support developed takes the form of maps and frameworks that support software product management on product and portfolio level decisions, strategic alignment, value-based requirements selection, and value-based process improvement.

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Cheung, Yau-kay Tony, and 張有基. "Product management systems for consumer products in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1989. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31264293.

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Castro, João Nuno Lopes. "Individuals in product development : interactions with teams and products." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62758.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2010.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 107-116).
This dissertation focuses on how individuals involved in complex product development operate and interact with other people in the project and how they perceive and modify the product. Complex product development requires the collaboration of multiple individuals who are specialists in different disciplines. One of the challenges with the execution of design and development projects is coordinating the contributions of each individual to guarantee an aligned, seamless fit. I review a selection of the literature on team frameworks, coordination methods and empirical product development studies which address teams, individuals and product architectures and structures. I then conduct two studies. One focuses on individual to individual communication requirement stability and the other on individual interaction with product structure over the development period. In the first, I examine how the most important communication channels between individuals in multifunctional teams compare across thirteen different projects. In this study I found a direct correlation between functionally similar projects and their network of important communication links between individuals. This indicates that when faced with a problem of similar nature the profile of connections between individuals - which ones are more or less important - will also be similar. In the second, I study how individuals interact with the structure of a product in four software development projects. I found that most individual work is localized and consists of internal improvement work. When work is done that requires simultaneous modifications of several components, I found that the associations made between components does not follow the existing structural dependencies as indicated by the function calls between components. This behavior is consistent throughout the development of the projects and is not dependent on the design state of the product. The associations made between components are also not a good indicator of future structural dependencies. These observations do not follow the indications from previous work on team interactions and product structure, revealing that individuals make associations beyond those suggested by just the structural connections. It was also observed that individuals are able to identify and work on the most important components in a product and that work is conducted on components irrespective of their age in the system. Finally, a real-time observation of project execution method is proposed based on the several analysis steps developed within this thesis. The use of this method can be advantageous for practitioners to verify the progress of project and control deviations from plan. This thesis contributes directly to the stream of research of coordination in product development and contributes to the practice with new methods to help those involved in large-scale complex product development filter the extensive work done by many individuals and find areas of possible intervention.
by João Nuno Lopes Castro.
Ph.D.

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Nilsson, Max, and Hampus Olsson. "Product Layout Optimization for Autonomous Warehouses with Grouped Products." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-19780.

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To utilize space better, warehouses stack their products on top of each other. This increases the risk of injury for workers when storing and retrieving the products. Some warehouses counteract this by using robots to retrieve products to a picking area where a human worker picks the products needed to fulfill an order. This means that it is important for the robots to be effective when retrieving products to reduce the time the worker spends waiting in the picking area. This thesis focuses on the grouping of products in the containers when they are stored in the warehouse. The robots will then retrieve one container at a time and if the grouping of products is done correctly this should decrease the number of retrievals required to fulfill an order. In order to make the decision on which products to group together, an application was developed that data mined previous orders that the warehouse had received in an attempt to extract information about the products. With the help of this information the application then suggests different product layouts that focus on different goals when they are created. The different layouts are then compared against each other in order to determine which layout technique produces the best results. This algorithm has been named the PLO-algorithm. The results showed that when a product is placed with the PLO-algorithm, the most important aspect to consider is the relations it has with the other products it is grouped with. The results also showed that data mining orders that are too old can have a negative impact on the result if not handled correctly. The results also showed that when constructing the warehouse you should try to avoid restrictions that affect which products can be placed together as much as possible since these restrictions can impact the effectiveness of the warehouse in a negative way. The thesis draws the conclusion that there is a clear gain in effectiveness for warehouses to have a planed layout for their products. It is recommended to data mine previous orders to extract relations between the products if possible since this piece of information showed the best results in this thesis. It is also in the warehouse best interest to avoid as many restrictions as possible that affect which products can be placed together since this can impact the results in a negative way. It is also beneficial to not include data that is too old in the data mining since this can impact the results in a negative way if not handled correctly.
För att utnyttja sitt utrymme bättre staplar lagerhus sina produkter på höjden. Detta medför högre risker för personskada vid hämtning och lämning av produkter, en del lagerhus löser detta genom att använda sig av robotar som hämtar och lämnar produkterna i lagerhuset. Robotarna hämtar och lämnar produkterna i en plock zon där en mänsklig arbetare plockar de produkter som behövs för en order. Detta innebär att det är viktigt att robotarna är effektiva i sin hämtning av produkter för att minska väntetiden för arbetarna i plock zonen. I ett försök att effektivisera robotarna fokuserar denna avhandling på gruperingen av produkterna i behållarna. Detta innebär att beslutet om vilka produkter som ska grupperas tillsammans i samma behållare är viktig eftersom om rätt produkter lagras tillsammans så kommer detta minska antalet hämtningar och lämningar som krävs för att uppfylla en beställning. För att hjälpa till med detta beslut skapades en applikation som analyserade tidigare beställningar som varuhuset erhållit i ett försök att extrahera information om produkterna. Applikationen skapar sedan olika förslag på produkt placeringar där de olika förslagen fokuserar på olika mål för att undersöka vilket mål som är viktigast att fokusera på när en produkt ska placeras. Algoritmen i denna applikation har valts att kallas för PLO-algoritmen. Resultaten visade att när en produkt ska placeras med PLO-algoritmen så är det viktigt att gruppera produkten med produkter den har starka relationer till. Resultatet visade också att när data ska analyseras bör inte för gammal data analyseras då äldre relationer mellan produkter som inte stämmer längre kan påverka resultatet negativt om algoritmen ej hanterar detta på något sätt. Resultaten visade också att vid konstruktionen av lagerhuset bör restriktioner som begränsar hur produkter kan placeras, undvikas om möjligt då dessa kan påverka lagerhusets effektivitet negativt. Slutsatsen som kan dras är att ett lagerhus kan tjäna väldigt mycket på att ha en plan när de bestämmer hur deras produkter ska placeras. Om det finns möjlighet att analysera tidigare beställningar efter relationer mellan produkter så är detta rekommenderat då det visade bäst resultat i denna undersökning. Det är även till lagerhusets fördel att försöka undvika restriktioner på deras lagersystem när det byggs eftersom det möjliggör för fler kombinationer när produkterna ska grupperas. Till sist så visar avhandlingen att med datan som användes att det var fördelaktigt att inte göra analys på för gammal data, då detta ger sämre resultat.

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Henk, Michael B. "A study on project iterations and the effects seen on system constraint and project duration." Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2007. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2007/2007henkm.pdf.

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Corbett, Brian. "Configuration design methods and mathematics for product families." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17283.

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Li, Li. "Evolutionary optimization methods for mass customizing platform products." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/HKUTO/record/B3955790X.

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Trinka, Mark W. "Product-market opportunities for FPL spaceboard II molded structural products." Thesis, This resource online, 1991. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10312009-020141/.

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Boey, Chee Cheong. "Utilization of Pacific hake (Merluccius productus) in thermally processed products." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24483.

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The potential of Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), which occur in Pacific north east waters, for human consumption is of interest because the biomass of the fish is known to be of significant size. However, this resource has not been fully exploited by the local fishing industry. The presence of Myxosporean parasite spores in the fish muscle is thought to cause a soft cooked fish texture, thus giving rise to problems in processing and affecting the marketability of the fish product. Studies were conducted on the textural properties of Pacific hake from two different fishing areas with different postharvest handling treatments. Fish samples from the Strait of Georgia and from offshore waters west of Vancouver Island were obtained from commercial sources. The west coast offshore hake samples were obtained in frozen form. They were thawed, filleted, vacuum-packed in barrier bags and refrozen for storage at -29°C. Two batches of fish chilled in refrigerated sea water were available from Georgia Strait. One of these batches was frozen immediately when received and subsequently processed similar to the west coast samples, whereas the other batch was chilled in ice for 1-3 days after landing while the fish were progressively processed into fillets for frozen storage at -29°C. The presence and types of species of Myxosporean parasite spores in fish fillets were determined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The fillets were grouped according to the level of infection in terms of the numbers of parasite spores determined by wet mount microscopic examination. The potential of Pacific hake (Merluccius productus), which occur in Pacific north east waters, for human consumption is of interest because the biomass of the fish is known to be of significant size. However, this resource has not been fully exploited by the local fishing industry. The presence of Myxosporean parasite spores in the fish muscle is thought to cause a soft cooked fish texture, thus giving rise to problems in processing and affecting the marketability of the fish product. Studies were conducted on the textural properties of Pacific hake from two different fishing areas with different postharvest handling treatments. Fish samples from the Strait of Georgia and from offshore waters west of Vancouver Island were obtained from commercial sources. The west coast offshore hake samples were obtained in frozen form. They were thawed, filleted, vacuum-packed in barrier bags and refrozen for storage at -29°C. Two batches of fish chilled in refrigerated sea water were available from Georgia Strait. One of these batches was frozen immediately when received and subsequently processed similar to the west coast samples, whereas the other batch was chilled in ice for 1-3 days after landing while the fish were progressively processed into fillets for frozen storage at -29°C. The presence and types of species of Myxosporean parasite spores in fish fillets were determined by light and scanning electron microscopy. The fillets were grouped according to the level of infection in terms of the numbers of parasite spores determined by wet mount microscopic examination.
Land and Food Systems, Faculty of
Graduate

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Lamvik, Trond. "Improving Environmental Performance of Industrial Products through Product Service Systems." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering Science and Technology, 2001. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-75.

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This dissertation deals with the unintended sideeffects of utilizing resources and causing environmental load.

The intention of this report is to contribute to a leap improvement in enviornmental performance of industrial products. The results of the dissertation are directed towards companies that want to eliminate, or at best reduce the unintended side effects of their activities and industrial products.

The results are directed to the research community as a contribution to research on the effect of a shift from product-based to function-based economic system, and the potential improvement in environmental performance this may imply.

The main contribution of this dissertation is a strategy for developing product service combinations and thereby closing material loops of industrial products. The result is based upon product development models, creative tools and performance measurement combined with the resolution of the basic physical contradiction into a four step strategy for a long term shift of a business model based on product service combinations instead of products only. The fourstep strategy involves traditional product development models with focus on holistic lifespan thinking. Furthermore, emphasize is made to the need to include the creative tools to conquer psychological inertia and barriers for leap improvements in environmental performance.

The strategy is mainly based upon logical resoning and thought experiments and combined with observations in industry. It is difficult to give a final proof of the usefulness of the strategy, due to the time needed to perform such a strategic shift in the core activities of a business.This research has furthermore contributed to

• a clarification of the source of environmental load during the meetings between product and product life system where any action to reduce the original load will result in load of its own which means that the fundamental cause of load is still not resolved. Any attempt to remove the fundamental cause of side-effect is a true physical contradiction which violates the second law of thermodynamics.

• a clearer understanding of the need not only to integrate the different disciplines across a company’s operations, but also integrate along the value chain to capture the valuable information which arise during meetings between product and product life systems.

• a deeper understanding of the need to include creative techniques into the early phases of product development proejcts where dispositions for subsequent project phases and subsequent product life phases are disposed and locked against subsequent major modifications. Creative techniques contribute to the break out of existing mind patterns and contribute to the creation of solutions which reduce the business-as-usual pattern which acts as a barrier to leap improvement in environmental performance

• a clarification of the need to identify and develop the company’s environmental perspective. The need to develop strategies for improvingenvironmental performance of company internal processes, product systems and systemic networks of actors along the value chain is vital to achieve leap improvements in environemntal performance.

• a deeper understanding of the barriers to overcome to transform products-based business to service-based business.

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Kussad, Ahmad Adnan. "High speed product positioning of compliant food products for packaging." Thesis, University of Salford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261612.

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Eliasson, Oskar, and Alexander Johansson. "Managing Barriers with Product-Service Systems for Non-Assembled Products." Thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Institutionen för ekonomi, teknik och samhälle, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-69301.

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Purpose - The purpose of this thesis is to investigate what barriers there are when it comes to developing PSS in the process industry for their non-assembled products, both from a provider and customer perspective. Additionally, the purpose is further to investigate how companies can manage these barriers. Method - This master thesis is an exploratory multiple case study with an abductive approach. In total, 25 qualitative interviews were made, with respondents from seven different companies, both companies within the process industry and companies who act as customers to the process industry. The interviews were made during two phases, the first phase was exploratory interviews and the second phase was semi-structured interviews, the collected data were later analyzed with a thematic analysis. Findings - The main findings from this study is divided in five overarching categories, three originating from the interviews provider perspective, and two from the customer perspective, within all overarching categories, barriers and possible ways to manage these are identified. The three provider categories are: Characteristics of the process industry, Market and customer awareness and Extensive transformation required. Additionally, the customers categories are Customers perspectives of servitization and Fundamental management activities. The barriers from these categories has been grouped in a framework after the two constraints time and difficulty. Theoretical implications - This study contribute to the current literature about PSS, which has a clear gap when it comes to PSS for non-assembled products. This study contributes in two ways: Firstly, the findings from this study suggest that some part of the literature about PSS for assembled products could be transferred to products that are non-assembled, above this, the findings also highlighting unique barriers with PSS for non-assembled products. Secondly, this study contribute with clarity about how different barriers should be managed, something that partly lacks in today's PSS literature. Practical implications - With this study, companies within the process industry are provided with support when it comes to investigating new business opportunities, if it is worth for the companies within the process industry to start working with PSS, or if it is not. This study has three important contributions for managers. Firstly, due to the unique characteristics of the process industry, it is suggested that managers broaden the perspective and look wider than just the core-process to find servitization-possibilities. Secondly, managers are provided with useful information regarding PSS which could make them more comfortable when deciding to work with servitization, or not. Thirdly, as the findings shows that the process industry has constrained resources, a framework is presented aiming to aid managers prioritize which barriers to manage. Research limitations - Due to the limited time for this master thesis, only companies within Sweden has been contacted, at each company, a maximum of two persons were contacted.

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Flankegård, Filip. "The use of data within Product Development of manufactured products." Thesis, Mälardalens högskola, Innovation och produktrealisering, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-35084.

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Wasley, Nicholas Scott. "A Multiobjective Optimization Method for Collaborative Products with Application to Engineering-Based Poverty Alleviation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2013. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/3790.

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Collaborative products are created by combining components from two or more products to result in a new product that performs previously unattainable tasks. The resulting reduction in cost, weight, and size of a set of products needed to perform a set of functions makes collaborative products useful in the developing world. In this thesis, multiobjective optimization is used to design a set of products for optimal individual and collaborative performance. This is introduced through a nine step method which simultaneously optimizes multiple products both individually and collaboratively. The method searches through multiple complex design spaces while dealing with various trade-offs between products in order to optimize their collaborative performance. An example is provided to illustrate this method and demonstrate its usefulness in designing collaborative products for both the developed and developing world. We conclude that the presented method is a novel, useful approach for designing collaborative products while balancing the inherent trade-offs between the performance of collaborative products and the product sets used to create them.

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Morrise, Jacob S. "Collaborative Products: A Design Methodology with Application to Engineering-Based Poverty Alleviation." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2011. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/2831.

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Collaborative products are created when physical components from two or more products are temporarily recombined to form another product capable of performing entirely new tasks. The method for designing collaborative products is useful in developing products with reduced cost, weight, and size. These reductions are valued in the developing world because collaborative products have a favorable task-per-cost ratio. In this paper, a method for designing collaborative products is introduced. The method identifies a set of products capable of being recombined into a collaborative product. These products are then designed to allow for this recombination. Three examples are provided to illustrate the method. These examples show that a collaborative block plane, apple peeler, and brick press, each created from a set of products, can increase the task-per-cost ratio of these products by 42%, 20%, and 30%, respectively. The author concludes that the method introduced herein provides a new and useful tool to design collaborative products and to engineer products that are valued in the developing world.

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Aguilar, Aguinaga Rodrigo, Torres Alexander César Enrique Alva, Esquivel Karla Paola Bernedo, Deza Jhoselyn Lucia Nicole Gomez, and Melgarejo Michael Richard Ganoza. "Shampoo Sólido Natural: Pashoo." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/651789.

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Pashoo es una empresa que se creó gracias a la idea de cinco estudiantes que se encuentran cursando el décimo ciclo en la Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), la cual está orientada a la industria de cuidado de belleza y salud mediante la fabricación y comercialización de shampoo en barra 100% naturales a base de ingredientes seleccionados de acuerdo con sus valores nutricionales que estos le brindan al cabello. Contamos con shampoos de distintos olores y para todo tipo de cabellos como por ejemplo shampoo a base de aceite de jojoba, coco, almendras, argán y palta combinados con esencias naturales que le brindan al cliente una sensación de relajación. Por otro lado, hemos segmentado a nuestros clientes de manera que nuestro producto pueda solucionar sus problemas. Para este proyecto, nos estamos fijando en las mujeres que tienen problemas de caída de cabello e irritación en el cuero cabelludo y que estén buscando productos orgánicos y naturales que tengan conciencia sobre el cuidado del medio ambiente. Vamos a distribuir nuestros productos mediante ferias y por delivery utilizando como canales de comunicación las redes sociales y nuestra página web en donde los clientes podrán encontrar información necesaria sobre nosotros y nuestros productos. De la misma forma, mostrar las validaciones del modelo de negocio, el desarrollo del negocio, el plan financiero y de marketing, así como las operaciones que se realizaron a lo largo de este proyecto dejando por último nuestras conclusiones y recomendaciones por la realización del proyecto de negocio.
Pashoo is a company that was created thanks to the idea of five students who are studying the tenth cycle at the Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), which is oriented to the beauty and health care industry through manufacturing and marketing 100% natural bar shampoo based on selected ingredients according to their nutritional values that they provide to the hair. We have shampoos of different scents and for all types of hair such as jojoba oil, coconut, almond, argan and avocado shampoo combined with natural essences that give the client a feeling of relaxation. On the other hand, we have segmented our customers so that our product can solve their problems. For this project, we are looking at women who have problems with hair loss and irritation on the scalp and who are looking for organic and natural products that are aware of the care of the environment. We will distribute our products through fairs and by delivery using social media and our webpage as communication channels where customers can find necessary information about us and our products. In the same way, show the validations of the business model, the development of the business, the financial and marketing plan, as well as the operations that were carried out throughout this project, finally leaving our conclusions and recommendations for the completion of the project of business.
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Facundo, Lopez Juan Diego, de Leon Vargas Carla Sofia Olga Ponce, Urquiza Arturo Ricardo Reyes, and Bazán Francis Renato Saldaña. "Proyecto de Emprendimiento sobre Dentífrico Orgánico en Pastillas." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/652747.

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Se tuvo la iniciativa de implementar este proyecto, debido a la tendencia y cuidado creciente en la salud bucal de las personas mediante productos orgánicos. Por ello, hemos elaborado un proyecto de investigación, con la finalidad de poder implementar y colocar en el mercado un dentífrico orgánico elaborado con productos naturales, que brinde una buena protección y agradable sabor a finas hierbas, asimismo, buscaremos que sea escalable y rentable en el tiempo. Ecosanna está dirigida a todas las personas de ambos géneros, desde los 18 hasta los 55 años, en los niveles socioeconómicos A y B, que residan en el área de Lima Metropolitana y que cuiden su higiene dental. Nuestra propuesta de valor se enfoca en un producto de cuidado bucal elaborado con insumos orgánicos y que permita mejorar el sistema de lavado dental, mediante su venta en envases eco-amigables. El proyecto está estructurado en tres etapas. Empezamos con la validación del negocio, el cual consiste en validar el problema y realizar el concierge, luego continuamos con el desarrollo del plan de negocio, donde identificamos nuestro plan estratégico, finalmente, modelamos el plan financiero, donde se evaluará las ventas, rentabilidad y métodos de financiamiento del proyecto. Para poner en marcha el proyecto, se requerirá invertir inicialmente S/43,143 (Cuarenta y tres mil ciento cuarenta y tres Soles), estos tendrán la estructura de capital con aporte de capital de los accionistas y préstamo microfinanciero. El proyecto genera una Tasa Interna de Retorno (TIR) de 158% y un Valor Actual Neto de S/130,367. Por lo expuesto se puede concluir que el proyecto es viable.
We had the initiative to implement this project, due to the growing trend and care in people's oral health through organic products. Therefore, we have developed a research project, in order to implement and place on the market, an organic toothpaste made with natural products, which provides good protection and pleasant taste of fine herbs, also seek to be scalable and profitable over time. Ecosanna is directed to all people of both genders, from 18 to 55 years old, in the socioeconomic levels A and B, that reside in the area of Metropolitan Lima and take care of their dental hygiene. Our value proposal is focused on an oral care product elaborated with organic inputs and that allows to improve the dental washing system, through its sale in eco-friendly containers. The project is structured in three phases. We start with the validation of the business, which consists of validating the problem and performing the concierge, then we continue with the development of the business plan, where we identify our strategic plan, finally, we model the financial plan, where sales, profitability and financing methods of the project will be evaluated. To implement the project, it will be required to invest initially S/43,143, these will have the financial structure of shareholder contribution and microfinance loan. The project generates an Internal Rate of Return (IRR) of 158% and a Net Present Value of S/130,367. This means that the project is feasible.
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Canelo, Rodriguez Gabriela Alexandra, Plasencia Teddy Alejandro Esteves, Guevara María Isabel Ruiz, Asto Erik Edmilson Saccsara, and Villagómez Brenda Nicole Salazar. "Proyecto Mamakhuyay." Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/651760.

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El presente proyecto se realiza con la finalidad de lanzar al mercado una empresa que se encarga de la elaboración de una crema para bebes y niños a bases de productos naturales, tal y como lo es IGTBE Perú o MamaKhuyay el nombre de nuestro principal producto. Esto surge a través de un trabajo de investigación, en el cual se ha identificado como problemática principal que los padres de familia carecían de productos naturales para el cuidado de la piel de sus pequeños. MamaKhuyay tiene como objetivo apoyar a los padres de familia a prevenir que sus hijos sufran de escaldaduras o enfermedades posteriores, causado por la irritación química producida en la piel a causa de la orina y las heces de los pequeños. Nuestro producto actúa como un antiinflamatorio gracias a su componente principal el cual es el extracto de manzanilla. Esta planta brinda diferentes beneficios para la piel debido a las propiedades antiinflamatorias que posee, por lo contribuye con la restauración del equilibrio de la piel inflamada de los niños. Así mismo, nuestra crema también sirve como un hidratante para la piel de los pequeños, además de mantenerla relajada por la esencia de manzanilla que también trae como componente. El presente informe se encargará de presentar todos los experimentos realizados con la finalidad de validar que nuestra propuesta es un negocio escalable e innovador. Así como, mostrar la aceptación del público objetivo a través de las interacciones en redes sociales y realización de ventas en frío.
This project is carried out with the purpose of launching a company that is in charge of developing a cream for babies and children based on natural products, such as IGTBE Peru or MamaKhuyay, the name of our main product. This arises through a research project, in which it has been identified as the main problem that parents lacked natural products for the care of their children's skin. MamaKhuyay aims to support parents to prevent their children from suffering from scalds or subsequent illnesses, caused by chemical irritation caused by the urine and feces of the little ones. Our product acts as an anti-inflammatory thanks to its main component, which is chamomile extract. This plant offers different benefits for the skin due to the anti-inflammatory properties it possesses, thus contributing to the restoration of the balance of the inflamed skin of children. Likewise, our cream also serves as a moisturizer for the skin of the little ones, in addition to keeping it relaxed by the essence of chamomile that it also brings as a component. This report will be in charge of presenting all the experiments carried out in order to validate that our proposal is a scalable and innovative business. As well as, show the acceptance of the target audience through interactions in social networks and realization of cold sales.
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Day, Rachel Marie. "Verifying module heuristics for large scale products." Diss., Rolla, Mo. : Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009. http://scholarsmine.mst.edu/thesis/pdf/Day_09007dcc8063deea.pdf.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Missouri University of Science and Technology, 2009.
Vita. The entire thesis text is included in file. Title from title screen of thesis/dissertation PDF file (viewed April 27, 2009) Includes bibliographical references.

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Tsai, Weiyu. "Essays in new product introduction /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/8718.

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Павлюк, Вікторія Юріївна. "Poster Products." Thesis, Київський національний університет технологій та дизайну, 2017. https://er.knutd.edu.ua/handle/123456789/7364.

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Shkurat, M. S. "Apple products." Thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2012. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28609.

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Technology is the making, usage, and knowledge of tools, machines, techniques, crafts, systems or methods of organization that make our life much easier. Such technology is produced by a lot of companies and Apple Incorporation is not an exception. When you are citing the document, use the following link http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/28609

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Guyton, Allison Amis. "Developing Sustainable Product Semantics for Consumer Products: A Sustainable Designer's Guide." Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07092006-135211/.

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Schütte, Simon. "Designing Feelings into Products : Integrating Kansei Engineering Methodology in Product Development." Licentiate thesis, Linköping University, Linköping University, Machine Design, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-2658.

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Tendencies in product development of today make it likely that many future products will be functional equivalent and therefore hard to distinguish between for the customer. Customers will decide by highly subjective criteria which product to purchase. One task for product development in this context is to be able to capture the customer’s considerations and feelings of products and translate these emotional aspects into concrete product design.

Today a number of different methods, such as Quality Function Deployment (QFD), Semantical Environment Description (SMB), Conjoint Analysis and Kansei Engineering exist and are used in practical applications.

The purpose of this thesis is to understand and apply Kansei Engineering methodology and explore ways to integrate the methodology into an industrial product development process.

This was done by conducting a study on forklift trucks in different European countries and business areas and by exploring ways of integrating Kansei Engineering in product development processes.

The number of Kansei words collected was reduced based on the result of a pilot study using a combination of different tools. A computerized data collection method was used in combination with a modified VAS-scale in order to reduce the time for filling out the evaluation forms The results of the study in the visited Northern and Middle European companies make it evident that Kansei Engineering has to be adapted in several aspects to the circumstances in each situation. The data showed that there are differences in attitude towards reach trucks in the different European countries. These results were used in order to adapt the product requirements for each specific country. Starting at Cooper’s stage gate model Kansei Engineering was applied on a macro level, a micro level and for verifying purpose. Using QFD, Kansei Engineering helps to identify customer needs their importance and the technical responses as well as to conduct benchmarking and to connect the customer needs mathematically to the technical responses.

This study of Kansei Engineering revealed that there was no general model on the methodology available in English literature. Outgoing from a previous flowchart, a conceptual framework of Kansei Engineering was developed integrating the existing Kansei Engineering Types and future tools.

ISRN/Report code: LiU-Tek-Lic 2002:19

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Ersoz, Keriman Hande. "Price Determination For Bundled Products: Application For A Household Product Group." Thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614640/index.pdf.

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The aim of this thesis is to search for the best way to allocate revenues gathered from a group of products in a household supplies company. In so doing, it purports to determine the price which brings customer perception and organizational benefit to equilibrium. To compare alternatives of revenue allocation methods, data obtained for a main product and its variants from a household company will be analyzed in an organized manner. Three ways of product bundling (pure bundling, mixed bundling, unbundling) is discussed as a framework for underlying different detailed aspects. In the end, pricing and promotional policies of the company is critically evaluated and simultaneous strategy changes are suggested.

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Bringans, Scott D. "Studies on natural product derivatives : HIV therapies incorporating marine natural products." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemistry, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6699.

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CV-N is an 11 kDa, anti-HIV protein that binds strongly to the envelope glycoprotein, gp120, expressed on the outer surface of the free virion and also on HIV-infected cells. As such, it represents an important lead for development of anti-HIV therapeutics. Marine toxins such as the halichondrins have potent in vivo cytotoxicities and are lethal to cells. The combination of this potency of the marine toxins with the unique targeting capability of CV-N has been harnessed to produce conjugates that have the potential to selectively target and eliminate HIV-infected cells. Three forms of the protein were developed; the native protein itself, a derivative recombinantly produced in E. coli with an extra cysteine at the C-terminal (CV-N-Cys) and CV-N with the lysine side chain amines converted into thiols (thiolated-CV-N). To facilitate release of the toxin within infected cells an enzymatically-cleavable pHdependent biolinker was incorporated separating the toxin from the protein. The chemistry required for incorporation of protein, biolinker, and toxin, was established through synthesis of fluorescently labelled conjugates capable of reaction with CV-N. Biological testing of these derivatives showed no interference with the anti-HIV activity of the CV-N when conjugated in these model compounds. Synthetic strategies were developed to produce two derivatives of norhomohalichondrin B amine, both containing the cleavable biolinker, but with activation from succinimidyl esters and maleimido groups respectively. Native CV-N was reacted with the succinimidyl ester derived toxin construct to produce a CV-N-biolinker-toxin conjugate. The maleimido derivative toxin construct was reacted with both CV-N-Cys and thiolated-CV -N to produce closely related CV-N-toxin conjugates. Investigations into the binding properties and cell toxicities of these conjugates is currently underway.

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Yang, Xiaoyu. "Methodology and tools for realising product service systems for consumer products." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/4279.

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Kokkonen, T. (Tatu). "Business case sales planning concept for new products and product portfolio." Master's thesis, University of Oulu, 2017. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201710112974.

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Companies are demanded to introduce new products to market in order to satisfy diverse customer needs and be competent in relation to competitors. In addition to traditional, full-scale new product development (NPD), lighter development models have recently been researched. Rapid product development (RaDe) is a new agile product development model aiming to aid companies to adjust quickly to changing customer needs. Whether new products are introduced by lengthy NPD or quick and agile RaDe, it should be ensured that development activities are aligned with company strategy and that new products enhance the overall profitability of the company. Business case analysis investigates the business value of a new product initiative. Generally, market assessment inputs estimations of market potential and attractiveness into the business case analysis and thus functions as the basis for anticipated sales volumes and sales prices. Expected revenues are compared with life cycle cost predictions in order to conduct financial analysis presenting the attractiveness of the new product initiative in chosen financial metrics. However, there is a lack of business case analysis methodology on product portfolio level, and this study seeks to address this research gap. This research is an explorative and qualitative case study using constructive approach. The results of this study include a concept for calculating financial metrics for new sales item so that product portfolio level changes in sales are taken into account. The developed concept seeks to be eligible for NPD- and RaDe-contexts alike. The essence of the concept is comparison of the anticipated net cash flows for the sales items that are affected by the new item’s introduction in two scenarios. In first scenario, it is assumed that the new item is not introduced at all and the anticipated net cash flows are calculated based on that assumption over the new item’s life cycle. The second scenario calculates the net cash flows for the affected items taking into account the likely impact the new item has on the sales of those items. The differences of net cash flows between these two scenarios are taken into account as a cash outflow or inflow for corresponding time period when calculating net cash flow based financial metrics for the new sales item. In addition, this study introduces a proposition of a concept for product portfolio level sales planning and follow-up. In this concept, the sales plan consists of the planned sales volumes and the planned sales prices for individual sales items. Both target setting and follow-up of actual execution should be implemented on the level of volume and price so that the unit of planning is revenue (volume * price). Targeted and actual sales figures for individual sales items are further rolled up to upper commercial product portfolio levels. This enables analysis and comparison of targeted and actual sales performance on each product portfolio level
Yritykset joutuvat esittelemään uusia tuotteita markkinoille tyydyttääkseen moninaiset asiakastarpeet ja pitääkseen itsensä kilpailukykyisenä suhteessa kilpailijoihin. Perinteisen, täyden mittakaavan tuotekehityksen (New Product Development — NPD) lisäksi hiljattain on tutkittu kevyempiä ja nopeampia tuotekehitysmalleja. Nopea tuotekehitys (Rapid Product Development — RaDe) on yksi tällaisista ketteristä tuotekehitysmalleista. Se pyrkii auttamaan yrityksiä vastaamaan uusiin asiakasvaatimuksiin nopeasti. Riippumatta siitä, kehitetäänkö uusi tuote täysimittaisella tuotekehityksellä vaiko nopealla tuotekehityksellä, tärkeää on varmistaa että kehitettävä tuote on yrityksen strategian mukainen ja todennäköisesti parantaa yrityksen kokonaistuottavuutta. Business case analyysi arvioi uuden tuoteidean liiketoiminnallista arvoa. Markkina-analyysi tuottaa yleisen markkinapotentiaaliarvion business case analyysiin ja toimii näin pohjana odotetuille myyntivolyymeille ja -hinnoille. Uuden tuotteen arvioitua liikevaihto verrataan tuotteen oletettuihin elinkaarikustannuksiin, ja tämän pohjalta koostetaan taloudellinen analyysi, joka havainnollistaa uuden tuoteidean attraktiivisuutta valituin taloudellisin tunnusluvuin. Tuoteportfolio tason business case metodologiaa ei kuitenkaan ole saatavilla, ja tämä tutkimus pyrkii täydentämään tätä puutetta. Tämä diplomityö on eksploratiivinen ja kvalitatiivinen case-tutkimus, jossa on konstruktiivinen ote. Tutkimustulokset sisältävät konseptin taloudellisten tunnuslukujen laskemiselle uudelle tuotenimikkeelle siten, että portfoliotason muutokset myynnissä otetaan huomioon. Kehitetty konsepti pyrkii olemaan hyödynnettävissä niin NPD- kuin RaDe-kontekstissa. Konseptin ydin on uuden myyntinimikkeen vaikutuksenalaisena olevien nimikkeiden nettokassavirtojen vertailu kahden skenaarion välillä. Ensimmäisessä skenaariossa vaikutuksenalaisille nimikkeille lasketaan nettokassavirrat uuden nimikkeen elinkaaren yli oletuksella, ettei uutta nimikettä tuoda ollenkaan portfolioon. Toisessa skenaariossa vaikutuksenalaisille myyntinimikkeille lasketaan nettokassavirrat huomioiden uuden tuotteen todennäköinen vaikutus näiden nimikkeiden myyntiin. Nettokassavirtojen erot näiden skenaarioiden välillä vähennetään tai lisätään kassavirtana vastaavalle ajanjaksolle, kun lasketaan nettokassavirtoihin perustuvia tunnuslukuja uudelle nimikkeelle. Lisäksi tutkimus tarjoaa ehdotuksen menetelmästä tuoteportfoliotason myyntisuunnitteluun ja myynnin seurantaan. Tässä menetelmässä myyntisuunnitelma koostuu myyntivolyymeistä ja -hinnoista yksittäisille myyntinimikkeille. Sekä tavoitteenasettelu että tapahtuneen myynnin seuranta tulisi tehdä volyymin ja hinnan tasolla siten että suunnittelun yksikkö on myyntitulo (volyymi * hinta). Tavoitellut ja toteutuneet myyntiluvut vieritetään edelleen ylemmille kaupallisen tuoteportfolion tasoille. Tämä mahdollistaa tavoitellun ja toteutuneen myynnin analysoinnin ja keskinäisen vertailun kullakin tuoteportfoliotasolla

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Ahlo, Joseph. "Online Product Perception| Improvements for the Design of Products Sold Online." Thesis, Union Institute and University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=13804540.

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At its simplest, product design can be described as the steps taken to actualize a product that best solves an identified customer problem. Though the process of product design is not set-in-stone, designers remain focused exclusively on the in-person experience between customers and products. Such a perspective has allowed designers to create products with exceptional precision, elevating the overall experience for customers. However, provided that the adoption of online shopping continues en masse, exploring how designers can engage product design and online shopping together is timely.

This study proffered a new model and design perspective for designers to more effectively create products that are likely to be investigated and purchased online. This model is a rubric for measuring the difference, if any, between how a product is intended by designers to be perceived online versus what is perceived by customers online. Through a descriptive, quantitative study, cross-checked by open-ended qualitative interviews, the results from 50 survey participants and 10 interviewees indicated that the dimensions of the model – familiarity (incongruent form, as described by Noseworthy and Trudel, 2011), understandability (prototypical isolation, as described by Ramachandran & Hirstein, 1999), and reward (multiple anticipations, as described by Eyal, 2014) – are key indicators of how customers evaluate and favor products online. The results suggest that by integrating an online perception evaluation step into the prototyping stage of development, the emergent design will be improved; in turn, allowing designers to produce a more competitive product for the online marketplace.

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Holubová, Jana. "Marketingová strategie alternativních včelích produktů na českém trhu." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-162760.

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This thesis focuses on assessment of different alternatives to expand the product range of apiarist. It explains the nature and the benefits of apian products for human population and it evaluates from different viewpoints their importance regarding the improvement of economic situation of apiarist. Apart from products that can be regularly encountered on the market the thesis addresses also less traditional apian products. It uses results of a questionnaire survey conducted for the demand side -- customers as well as for the side of supply -- apiarists, to elaborate the topic. The next part of the thesis consists of the proposal of a marketing strategy for a chosen product, which is based on description of prospective customers and their motives for purchase. This proposal contains possible ways of distribution, media for the product, approach to setting the price and marketing communication.

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Häßler, Alina, and Bernd Souren. "Which product attributes lead consumers to prefer startups’ products over established companies’ products in the specialty product category? : A study of the electric vehicle market in Germany." Thesis, Högskolan Dalarna, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:du-28013.

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Purpose – The purpose of this study is to investigate which product attributes lead consumers to prefer startups’ products over established companies’ products in the specialty product category. The research object is the electric vehicle market in Germany and the product attributes that are researched are alignable attributes, non-alignable attributes and the price. Design/Methodology/Approach – Quantitative data was collected via an internet questionnaire by means of the non-probability sampling techniques convenience and snowball sampling. The data of 408 members of the German Generation Y (age 17 – 38) was used to test six hypotheses by applying ANOVA and multiple linear regression analysis. Findings – It was found that established companies possess a pioneer advantage in comparison to startups for the specialty product ‘electric vehicle’. This advantage can be overcome when startups differentiate their electric vehicles by implementing superior alignable attributes, a valuable non-alignable attribute or a lower price. Superior alignable attributes had the strongest positive influence on consumers’ preferences towards the startup’s electric vehicle, followed by the lower price and a valuable non-alignable attribute. Limitations/Implications – This study is limited to investigating consumers’ preferences without focusing on the reasons behind the preferences. Further, the category of specialty products is represented by only one example, namely the electric vehicle industry. Practical Implications – Startups can benefit from the results by adopting differentiation strategies that were found to be successful in overcoming pioneer advantage. Originality/Value – This study contributes to pioneer advantage literature by researching how startups can successfully overcome pioneer advantage in the specialty product category.

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Bergeron, Stéphane. "Test de concept du prototype de logiciel pirale /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Tremblay, Aline. "L'implication des consommateurs face aux produits écologiques /." Thèse, Chicoutimi : Université du Québec à Chicoutimi, 1994. http://theses.uqac.ca.

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Carruthers, Samantha Palita. "Anthropomorphism Is Not Always A Marketing Panacea: How Anthropomorphism Shapes Product Durability Perception." Thesis, The University of Sydney Business School, Discipline of Marketing, 2023. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/29944.

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This research examined anthropomorphism as a marketing tool in the new paradigms of green and online merchandising. Two experiments tested how product anthropomorphism affects consumers' product durability perception. Study 1 demonstrated that anthropomorphic design had a significant effect on reducing a product’s durability perception due to its greater perceived performance risk. Importantly, this research reveals an important boundary condition for the negative effect of anthropomorphism on perceived durability and performance risk. Study 2 demonstrated the moderating role of consumers' green consumption attitudes, where individuals with lower green consumption attitudes perceiving anthropomorphised products to have greater perceived performance risk and lesser durability than non-anthropomorphised products. These studies produced clear and significant outcomes that can be utilised in both theoretical and managerial implications. Therefore, although most extant research has shown that anthropomorphism enhances consumers' perceptions of a product, the current research demonstrates that anthropomorphising a product or its promotion can become a detrimental marketing strategy when aiming to project durability.

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Dexter, Matthew H. L. "Open Design and medical products : an Open Medical Products methodology." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2014. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/19558/.

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This research details the use of Open Design to enable participation in the conceptualisation, design and development of medical products for those who are excluded by their chronic health condition. The research was directed according to the Action Research methodology outlined by Checkland & Holwell (1998); Action Research being highlighted by Archer (1995) as a method compatible for practice-led design research. Open design directed the design practice, which consisted of a long case study spanning 18 months from February 2012, through to July 2013. This case study, dubbed AIR involved the creation of a bespoke online social network, recruitment of people living with cystic fibrosis, and the facilitation of collaborative design work resulting in prototype medical devices based on the lived experience of the participants. The work involves research into design within health as the context for this research. In order to place design in this wider context, it has been tempting to adopt the mantle Evidence Based Design (Evans, 2010) - however in this research the position of design as phronesis, in a similar manner to health practice (Montgomery, 2005) is adopted. This allows for an alignment of the work done in both fields, without the problematic associations with an evidence hierarchy (Gaver & Bowers, 2012; Holmes, Murray, Perron, & Rail, 2006).The contribution to knowledge is an Open Medical Products Methodology, consisting of the artefacts supporting the evidence of the methodology's ability to foster genuine participation amongst those who are excluded from traditional participatory design. The artefacts constituting this submission are this thesis, the reflective log kept during the research (Appendix A), the prototypes from the collaborative research (Appendix B), and the online social network that contained the work (AIR1). The Open Medical Products Methodology is expected to be of interest primarily to designers of medical products, design management and policymakers, although Open Design as a product methodology has appeal to other sectors and the future work into standardisation, regulation, distributed manufacture and recruitment detailed at the conclusion of this thesis has application broader than the medical field.

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Rust, David E. "PRODUCTION OF LOW-ENERGY, 100% BY-PRODUCT CEMENT UTILIZING COAL COMBUSTION PRODUCTS." UKnowledge, 2008. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/gradschool_theses/541.

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The ever-increasing quantity of by-products generated from burning coal in the production of electricity has brought about the need for new areas of utilization. This study examined the use of FGD gypsum and fluidized bed combustion ash along with Class F fly ash in the production of low-energy, 100% by-product cement blends. The cement blends used the advantageous properties of the by-product materials to create cementing properties rather than energy intensive clinker used in ordinary portland cement. The FGD gypsum was converted to hemihydrate which rapidly hydrated to provide the cement with early strength gains, whilst the fluidized bed combustion ash reacted with the Class F fly ash to form pozzolanic cementitious phases which provided the longer-term compressive strength and possibly resistance to weathering. The rate of compressive strength gains and minimizing detrimental expansion were two properties of particular interest in the study. Chemical admixtures were used to improve the compressive strengths of the cement mortars and decrease their solubility.

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James, Emily E. "Development of an organic botanical plant protection product from larix by-products." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2018. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/848727/.

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Control of pathogens by means of plant-derived plant protection products (PPPs) can be an effective, sustainable and environmentally friendly method of crop protection in organic agriculture. Larix decidua (European larch) bark is a by-product of the wood processing industry and provides a readily available, low cost and sustainable raw material. It was therefore planned to commercialise Larix extracts, containing two highly active diterpenoids (larixyl acetate and larixol) into a marketable PPP, Larixyne®, to combat grapevine downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola) in organic farming. This thesis outlines the processes and knowledge developed in order to facilitate the commercialisation of Larixyne®: (i) Analytical protocols using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and gas chromatography (GC-FID) techniques to quantify larixyl acetate, larixol and epimanool (the primary impurity) in Larix extracts were developed. (ii) Methods for large scale extraction and purification of active compounds from Larix were optimised in line with EU specifications for products with organic agricultural use. Through extraction with 2-amino-2-methyl-1-propanol (AMP), Larix bark contained extract compositions of up to 30.53% larixyl acetate and 8.45% larixol. Larixyl acetate and larixol extracts were isolated in sufficient quantity (8.0 kg) for large scale field trials. (iii) High-yield sources of larixyl acetate and larixol were evaluated and identified through screening a range of plant samples from central and northern Europe. Larix samples were found to vary in content of larixyl acetate (median 0.017% w/w, range 0.000 – 4.544% w/w), larixol (median 0.003% w/w, range 0.000 – 0.578% w/w), and epimanool (median 0.009% w/w, range 0.000 –0.752% w/w). (iv) The activity of larixyl acetate, larixol, epimanool and formulated products of Larix extracts against P. viticola on Vitis vinifera were demonstrated. Larixyl acetate and larixol exhibited excellent activity in vitro (mean MIC100 of 7 and 16 μg/mL) and in planta (EC50 0.2 – 0.7 mg/mL).

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Karami, S. "Using by-product industrial materials to replace all cement in construction products." Thesis, Coventry University, 2008. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/4c639f05-0ace-21ff-0618-3f3c423f756c/1.

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At present, cementitious binders are used extensively in the construction industry and principally in concretes. They are also used in some applications like ground improvement. In these applications the cost of the binder, typically Portland cement, accounts for a considerable proportion of the total cost of the technique. In addition to the financial cost there is also the environmental impact of quarrying and processing of raw materials to produce Portland cements. Gypsum waste, by-pass dust and fly ash by-products have been identified as the alternative sources of cementitious binder. Using these materials has two advantages: they have little or no production cost; and the re-use of such material would negate the need for expensive disposal. This thesis describes a programme of laboratory testing and study on the possible field trials to investigate the possibility of using mentioned by-product materials as construction materials. Laboratory trials carried out to investigate the properties of waste materials in different combinations; binary and ternary using the same water content. Specimens were evaluated on the basis of Unconfined Compressive Strength at 3,7 and 28 days curing. It was found that pastes containing waste gypsums, Basic oxygen Slag and Run of station ash achieved the highest unconfined compressive strengths (up to 20 MPa) and five mixes of these groups were selected for further tests such as viscosity, permeability, expansion, XRD and freeze and thaw. Data obtained from the ternary combinations were analyzed using two different methods, i.e. Response Surface method and Artificial Neural Network. Two prediction models were created using MINITAB and MATLAB software and the predicted results were compared. It was concluded that the Artificial Neural Network had fewer errors than the response surface model. The feasibility of using by-product materials in two field trials was also studied and the possibility of 100% cement replacement in low strength concrete used in subway backfilling (using 80%BOS-15% Plasterboard Gypsum-5%bypass dust) and light weight blocks (60% run of station ash-20%plaster board gypsum-20% bypass dust) was investigated. It was found that waste gypsum could be used in both trials and the basic oxygen slag could be used for subway backfilling because it improved the flow. However it was not a good idea to use the steel slag in light weight products because of its density. The thesis concludes that there are several potential applications for the use of the waste gypsums in combination with other waste materials in the construction industry but further work is required before it can be used commercially. However the sources and differing chemical contents of the by-product materials may have significant impact on the cementitious behaviour of by product materials.

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Andersson, Torbjörn. "Aesthetic Flexibility : Modularity of Visual Form in Product Portfolios and Branded Products." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-129551.

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The increase in competition amongst companies that produce complex or large product portfolios has created a need to utilise modularity strategies not only to flexibly manage technical complexity in a costeffective manner but also for visual appearance. This research aims to understand how the visual appearance of products is affected by modular product development strategies. Specifically, the aim is to understand how such strategies induce constraints and generate possibilities for management of visual appearance in the design process. Five studies have been conducted during the course of this licentiate thesis. Two were conducted with professionals and students in design, while the remaining three are theoretical studies based on findings in the literature, theory building, and experimental research. The goal has been to investigate how designers work when they are put to the task of changing and developing the designs of complex products that are part of a portfolio. The challenge has been to study what suitable strategies exist that manage complex products and product brands, then investigate how these influence designers’ practices. The first study examined how coherence towards a product category influences the design of new products. The outcome of the study was a method to explore visual coherence and diversity in the appearance of a product category. The remaining four studies investigated how modularity, brand management and the redesign of product portfolios influence a design process. The second study described a design phenomenon known as aesthetic flexibility, which was further explored in studies three and five. The outcome from these studies was a proposal for four aesthetic flexibility strategies. The fourth study investigated in what way portfolio extension strategies found in brand management and design research are related, and how such strategies influence aesthetic flexibility. The results from study four were illustrated as a model. The main contribution of this work is the phenomenon of ‘aesthetic flexibility’, which helps understand the factors that influence designers when working with branded modular products. Understanding visual flexibility serves as a starting point in further investigations of how different development strategies affect the possibilities for visual product design. The findings of this work serve to illustrate and explain a complex and multi-facetted design phenomenon which many designers manage more or less intuitively today, thus advancing academics’, teachers’ and professional designers’ understanding of the field.

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Bin, Sheng. "Web-based product platform development for mass customization /." View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36161469.

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Zolfagharian, Mohammadali Paswan Audhesh. "An exploratory investigation of the effects of co-production and co-consumption on the characteristics and adoption of service innovations the customer's perspective /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-4016.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Products'

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