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LeBlanc, Matthew Roger, Thomas William LeBlanc, and Sophia Kustas Smith. "A prototype mobile application to improve communication about symptom management." Journal of Clinical Oncology 37, no. 31_suppl (November 1, 2019): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2019.37.31_suppl.27.
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27 Background: Cancer patients report many physical and emotional symptoms which can go unreported and underestimated resulting in unmet needs. Research suggests systematic collection of symptom data is associated with decreased emergency department use, increased quality of life, treatment toleration and overall survival. The multiple myeloma (MM) patient population is noted to have high symptom burden and represent an important target for intervention. This project aimed to develop a prototype app to facilitate MM patient/clinician communication about symptom management. Methods: 15 MM patients and 11 MM clinicians were interviewed to better understand patients’ symptom experience and management practices and preferences. Insights gained guided development of a prototype MM Coach mobile app. The think aloud protocol and cognitive interviewing were used to test usability and the prototype was iteratively refined. Results: Subjects highlighted a need for better symptom tracking over time, medication adherence tools, and real-time feedback to help patients self-manage symptoms. Our prototype app contains several modules designed to facilitate MM patient symptom management. 1) Track Symptoms; Using the Edmonton Symptom Assessment Scale patients track bothersome symptoms whenever they occur. 2) Track Medications; Patients can set up medication alerts and log medication use. 3) Track Mood; Patients record and track their distress level using the Distress Thermometer. 4) Relaxation Tools; This module contains a number of useful mind body activities such as guided imagery. 5) Get Support; Links to MM and non-MM related sources of support. 6) Prepare for Appointments; This module facilitates patients’ prioritizing issues to facilitate productive clinical encounters. 7) Insights; Patients and clinicians can review trends in symptom burden and medication adherence. 8) Learn; Educational content on topics relevant to MM symptoms such as pain, fatigue, depression. Conclusions: Our team is currently working with mobile app developers to build a version for the iOS AppStore and Android GooglePlay store. A pilot will be conducted to evaluate acceptability and feasibility in preparation for a clinical trial.
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Syed, Azfar Shahid, Rhonda E. Colombo, Bakhtiar S. Syed, and Peter M. Henning. "Treatment-resistant cough: a rare manifestation of IgG4-related disease involving the larynx." BMJ Case Reports 13, no. 11 (November 2020): e237614. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bcr-2020-237614.
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IgG4-related autoimmune diseases (IgG4 RD) are a relatively recently recognised group of disease processes that can affect multiple organ systems and result in protean symptoms. Here, we present a rare case of a 69-year-old man with a history of IgG4 RD affecting his lacrimal gland and pancreas who developed symptoms of severe laryngitis not responsive to usual therapy. He presented with non-productive cough, hoarseness and dyspnoea. Imaging findings suggestive of aortitis and laryngeal inflammation in the setting of his IgG4 RD history prompted treatment with rituximab, which resulted in resolution of his laryngeal symptoms. Subsequently, his cough returned and he required periodic rituximab infusions to stay symptom-free. IgG4 RD of the larynx is an uncommonly reported manifestation in literature. This disease is very responsive to anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody treatment. IgG4 RD should be considered in patients with airway symptoms that are especially refractory to usual therapy.
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Wing, J. K. "The Concept of Negative Symptoms." British Journal of Psychiatry 155, S7 (November 1989): 10–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s000712500029140x.
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In a recent edition of the Schizophrenia Bulletin devoted to negative symptoms, the editor suggested at the beginning of his preface that what he called the “positive–negative symptom distinction” had been introduced into psychiatry only a decade previously (Levine, 1985). Many authors in the same volume seemed to agree with him; at least they did not emphasise any continuity with earlier work. There were a few notable exceptions. Since, for more than 30 years, I have seen the relationship between psychological deficit (cognitive defect, negative syndrome) and the productive (florid, positive) symptoms as lying at the heart of the mystery of schizophrenia, it seemed possible that some account of how that interest arose and developed might still be timely. This is part of the history of the Social Psychiatry Research Unit of the Medical Research Council.
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Diwakar, Deepak K., Nikita Wadhwani, Nisha Rana, and Shivani Paruthy. "Parathyroid microadenoma as a cause of chronic intractable cough." International Surgery Journal 6, no. 6 (May 28, 2019): 2228. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2349-2902.isj20192402.
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Chronic non-productive cough is one of the most common non-specific symptom with multiple etiologies and is treated non-surgically. Rarely, it can be caused by anatomical causes. We present a case of parathyroid microadenoma presenting with chronic intractable cough and dysphagia, diagnosed after a battery of tests and failed treatments and cured by a simple parathyroidectomy.
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Hunt, Richard H., Surinder Dhaliwal, Gervais Tougas, Carmen Pedro, Jean-Francois Labbé, Heidi Paul, and Michael Ennamorato. "Prevalence, Impact and Attitudes Toward Lower Gastrointestinal Dysmotility and Sensory Symptoms, and Their Treatment in Canada: A Descriptive Study." Canadian Journal of Gastroenterology 21, no. 1 (2007): 31–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2007/642959.
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OBJECTIVES: To investigate the impact of lower gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms in the general Canadian population, and to explore patient satisfaction with traditional therapies and the level of patient interest in new treatments.PATIENTS AND METHODS: Stage 1: A telephone survey of a weighted sample of 1000 adults (18 years of age or older) was conducted to determine the prevalence of five GI symptoms – abdominal pain, abdominal discomfort, bloating, constipation or constipation with occasional diarrhea -- that were present for 12 weeks or more (not necessarily consecutive) over the past year. Respondents with only abdominal pain were excluded. Stage 2: A telephone survey of 689 women (18 to 64 years of age), experiencing the GI symptoms described in stage 1, was conducted to assess symptom impact and treatment satisfaction.RESULTS: Overall, 5.2% of the Canadian population (2.3% men and 7.9% women) experienced one or more lower GI symptoms (excluding those reporting abdominal pain alone). In stage 2, 26.2% of respondents had previously been diagnosed with irritable bowel syndrome. Overall, 78.1% of participants experienced two or more symptoms. Bloating was the most common symptom (75.3%) and abdominal pain the most bothersome and most severe. Over the previous three months, 13.2% of respondents missed work or school and 28.8% were less productive. At least one physician (average of 2.2 physicians) was consulted for symptoms in 80.9% of respondents. Of the 63.8% women receiving treatment, most used nonprescription products. Patients receiving prescription treatments for constipation were most often dissatisfied (75%).CONCLUSIONS: Abdominal pain and discomfort, bloating and constipation are common, frequently occurring symptoms in the Canadian population and have a high burden on work performance and health care seeking. Most patients were dissatisfied with traditional therapies.
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Dhalaigh, Doireann Ni, Anna Marie Greaney, and Dawn Farrell. "Inflammatory bowel disease fatigue: an analysis of definitions, risk factors and impact and their implications for assessment and management." Gastrointestinal Nursing 18, no. 5 (June 2, 2020): 42–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/gasn.2020.18.5.42.
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Background: Fatigue is an insufficiently understood, assessed and managed symptom of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD). Aim and method: A literature review using concept analysis was carried out to determine the definitions, risk factors and impact of IBD fatigue and their implications for assessment and management. Findings: The findings suggest that IBD fatigue may be defined as ‘a multifactorial, multidimensional feeling of mental and/or physical weariness, which varies in frequency and severity. It can be overwhelming and is not typically relieved by rest or sleep.’ Conclusions: This definition of IBD fatigue should help patients and clinicians recognise the significance of this symptom and begin a productive dialogue on more effective assessment and management.
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Wajpeyi, Sadhana Misar, Manish Deshmukh, and Nandini Bhojraj. "Efficacy of Bibhitakavaleha in Management of Kaphaja Kasa with special reference to Chronic Bronchitis." International Journal of Ayurvedic Medicine 11, no. 2 (July 3, 2020): 255–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.47552/ijam.v11i2.1458.
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Kasa is the disease of Pranavaha strotas. It may develop as an independent disease, symptom or complication. In Kaphaja Kasa Kasavega is associated with Bahala Ghana Nishtivana. It can be correlated with Chronic Bronchitis due to similarities of signs and symptoms. Chronic Bronchitis is characterized by productive cough associated with sputum for at least 3 consecutive months for more than two successive years. The initial symptoms are repeated attacks of productive cough which shows a steady increase in severity during the winter months and present all the year round with recurrent respiratory infections. Ayurveda described many herbomineral formulations for management of Kasa. One such formulation Bibhitakavaleha is mentioned in Gadanigraha, which consists of Bibhitaki (Terminalia bellerica Roxb.), Gomutra (Cow urine) and Madhu (Honey). Methods: In this case series 30 patients having classical symptoms of Kaphaja Kasa were treated with Bibhitakavaleha 10gm twice a day with lukewarm water for 15 days with the aim to prove the efficacy of it in the management of Kaphaja Kasa. Subjective criteria like Kasavega, Kasa nishtiva, Shwaskricchrata, Peenas, Shirshool and Aruchi with Laboratory parameters like TLC (Total Leukocyte Count), Neutrophils, Absolute Eosinophil Count (AEC) and ESR (Erythrocyte Sedimentation Rate) were assessed before and after treatment. Result: Significant improvement was observed in all parameters after treatment. Bibhitaki possesses Kashaya Rasa, Madhura Vipaka, Ushna Veerya & Laghu, Ruksha Guna which plays a major role in relieving Kasa. Conclusion: Hence it can be concluded that Kaphaja Kasa can be effectively treated with Bibhitakavaleha.
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Mishchenko, O. Ya. "Mucoactive phytopreparations with ivy extract in pediatrics: efficacy, safety and economic feasibility." Modern pediatrics. Ukraine, no. 7(111) (November 29, 2020): 53–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.15574/sp.2020.111.53.
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Acute bronchitis is an infectious inflammatory disease of the lower respiratory tract which occurs at any age. The main symptom of acute bronchitis is non-productive (dry) or productive (wet) cough. The main goal in treating acute bronchitis with productive cough is to increase expectoration, including with the help of mucoactive drugs. In clinical practice, herbal medicines are increasingly used to eliminate symptoms of the disease and to suppress inflammation. The advantage of herbal coughs medicines is that various compounds of herbal ingredients are able to enhance the desired effects and neutralize side effects. Among the numerous expectorant herbal preparations, only a few, namely, preparations of common ivy, thyme and primrose, have the most complex effect: they increase mucus secretion and motility, reduce respiratory tract tone and inhibit inflammation. A comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of medicines based on ivy extract in the form of syrup which are available on the pharmaceutical market showed that treatment with Gederin Ivy Syrup is the optimal from a pharmacoeconomic point of view. The combination of such effects of ivy extract in the preparation Gederin Ivy, as expectorant (mucokinetic and secretolytic), bronchospasmolytic and anti-inflammatory, predetermines its pronounced clinical efficacy for the treatment of cough, as well as good tolerance, allow it to be widely used in the complex therapy of bronchitis in pediatric practice. The author declares no conflict of interest. Key words: mucoactive phytopreparations, ivy extract, efficiency, safety, economic feasibility.
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Kochiyeva, Marina. "Pathogenetic Treatment of Dry Cough." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 9 (August 27, 2020): 57–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2009-08.
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Complaints of dry non-productive cough are one of the most common problems that patients come to a GP with, especially in the cold and wet season [1]. It is a dry cough that is one of the coronavirus pathognomonic symptoms, but it can be indicative of the onset of a dozen other diseases. This symptom is not an independent pathology, its appearance is characteristic of the onset of a number of infectious and inflammatory processes, acute respiratory diseases, and allergic reactions. Dry cough can occur when a foreign body enters the upper respiratory tract and also indicate major problems in the respiratory system, and in some cases, the cardiovascular system. A dry cough is often the cause of sleep disorders, regularly recurring attacks can lead to the patient’s asthenisation and a significant life quality deterioration. Correct diagnosis plays a fundamental role in the choice of treatment tactics. Treatment of dry cough manifestations should be comprehensive and aimed at eliminating its causes, rather than symptoms.
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Estrutti, Carolina Martines, Gustavo San Martin Elexpe Cardoso, Maykon Anderson Pires de Novais, Enedina Maria Lobato de Oliveira, and Denis Bernardi Bichuetti. "Employment status of people diagnosed with multiple sclerosis in Brazil." Arquivos de Neuro-Psiquiatria 77, no. 5 (May 2019): 341–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/0004-282x20190051.
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ABSTRACT Objective: To describe the employment status of Brazilians with multiple sclerosis (MS). Methods: Analysis of a cross-sectional online survey including questions on demographic and occupational status at the time of diagnosis and survey completion, and time from the first symptom to diagnosis. Results: Of those who answered the survey, 804 Brazilians with MS were included. Median age of onset and current age were 28.3 and 36.2 years; median time to diagnosis and disease duration were 2.7 and 7.9 years; 67% held a university degree and 29% finished high school; 94% had a paid occupation contributing to the family income at least once in their lives, 77% were employed at the time of diagnosis but only 59% were employed at the time of survey. Longer disease duration, longer time to diagnosis and younger age at the first symptom, were identified as factors correlated with being unemployed. Conclusions: The rate of unemployment doubled after the first symptoms of MS, and only 59% of highly-educated people with MS in their productive years were employed. The longer time to diagnosis may imply treatment delay, and strategies focusing on early diagnosis and adequate treatment may favor employment retention and reduce disability related costs, such as social benefits and pension fund use.
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de Grancy, Moritz Senarclens, and Caroline Rook. "Working with the symptom—a new perspective on dealing with low well-being in organisations." Organisational and Social Dynamics 20, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 101–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.33212/osd.v20n1.2020.101.
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The changes in the modern working world bring increasing health burdens for employees. Indeed, stress counts for 44% of all work-related diseases across all industries and professions in the United Kingdom and accounts for 54% of all working days lost due to ill health (Health & Safety Executive, 2019). For many employees, but also for executives, diseases might prove to be the last lifeline in permanently stressful work situations. This article describes how psychoanalytic thought on health in the workplace can help coaches and executives understand how stress and mental health problems provide the starting point for an examination of the organisation's culture and ultimately can help on the journey of developing healthy and productive workplaces.
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Isnawati, Rina, Hastari Wuryastuti, and R. Wasito. "Peneguhan diagnosis Avian Influenza pada Ayam Petelur yang Mengalami Gejala Penurunan Produksi." Jurnal Sain Veteriner 37, no. 1 (August 5, 2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/jsv.40602.
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Decreasing egg production is an initial symptom of various diseases that infect commercial layer chickens. Diagnosis of diseases causing the decrease in egg production without high mortality rate is often thought to be caused by other poultry diseases because of the many similarities in manifestation between one disease and another. Avian influenza is a zoonotic infectious disease in poultry that can lead to high economic losses. This study aims to determine the contribution of avian influenza virus (AIV) infection to commercial laying hens showing symptoms of decreased production. The samples were oropharyngeal swabs of commercial laying hens which had symptoms of decreased production at productive age. Laboratory tests were carried out by histopathological examination, detection and identification of AIV with real time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and isolation with the viral culture technique on fertile chicken eggs. The results showed that there was type A AIV infection based on the qRT-PCR (matrix) test, but the subtypes were not identified (H5, H7, H9). The results of the isolation of the virus in the fertile chicken eggs showed embryonic death in which all embryonic organs show hemorrhages. Allantoic fluid does not agglutinate chicken red blood cells. Histopathological features of the pathognomonic lesions in lungs infected with AIV were severe congestion and hemorrhages. Based on the results of the study, it was concluded that there was a contribution of type A AIV infection. Early diagnosis of AIV could determine more appropriate actions, including control, prevention and eradication.
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Holmes, Brooke. "Euripides' Heracles in the Flesh." Classical Antiquity 27, no. 2 (October 1, 2008): 231–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ca.2008.27.2.231.
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In this article, I analyze the role of Heracles' famous body in the representation of madness and its aftermath in Euripides' Heracles. Unlike studies of Trachiniae, interpretations of Heracles have neglected the hero's body in Euripides. This reading examines the eruption of that body midway through the tragedy as a part of Heracles that is daemonic and strange, but also integral to his identity. Central to my reading is the figure of the symptom, through which madness materializes onstage. Symptoms were contested sites of interpretation in the late fifth century, supporting both conventional narratives about human suffering and new stories advanced by contemporary medicine and ethics. In exploring the imaginative possibilities of these new stories, I do not privilege a ““secular”” over a ““divine”” reading. Rather I aim to offer a model of interaction between medicine and tragedy that sees the cross-breeding of worldviews as productive of innovative drama.
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Teixeira, Renato da Costa, Kézia Danniely da Silva Santos, Marinara do Socorro Dias da Silva, Valéria Marques Ferreira Normando, and Madacilina de Melo Teixeira. "Occurrence of respiratory symptoms in elderly persons heard by the family health strategy in Águas Lindas, Ananindeua, Pará State." Acta Scientiarum. Health Sciences 42 (April 22, 2020): e47682. http://dx.doi.org/10.4025/actascihealthsci.v42i1.47682.
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Respiratory diseases are among the five leading causes of death in Brazil, particularly among the elderly. This study identified the occurrence of respiratory symptoms in older persons. Specifically, a descriptive, observational, and quantitative study was conducted using a sample of elderly people enrolled in the Hypertension and Diabetes sessions of the Family Health Strategy program in a Brazilian city. MRC-ATS-DLD78 questionnaires were used to analyze respiratory symptoms with a sample comprised of 50 volunteers (mean age = 69.96 years). The median time living in a dwelling within a polluted sample area was 30 years, with 82% reporting spending more time per day at home or in the neighborhood. The presence of coughing was reported by 18% persons, expectoration (17%), productive cough (14%), wheezing (34%), dyspnea (12%), and respiratory diseases (26%). Physiological changes in aging associated with the effects of pollution exposure leave elderly people more vulnerable to respiratory diseases because they are predisposed to diseases, such as decreased pulmonary elasticity, elevated lung compliance, reduced oxygen diffusion capacity, reduced expiratory flow, and premature closure of airways. The occurrence of respiratory symptoms in the elderly was 30% with one symptom, two (22%), three (10%), four (6%), and five (2%).
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Ramaswamy, Bhanu, Julie Jones, and Camille Carroll. "Exercise for people with Parkinson’s: a practical approach." Practical Neurology 18, no. 5 (June 1, 2018): 399–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/practneurol-2018-001930.
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Exercise is key to a healthy and productive life. For people with Parkinson’s, exercise has reported benefits for controlling motor and non-motor symptoms alongside the use of pharmacological intervention. For example, exercise prolongs independent mobility and improves sleep, mood, memory and quality of life, all further enhanced through socialisation and multidisciplinary team support. Recent research suggests that optimally prescribed exercise programmes following diagnosis may alter neurophysiological processes, possibly slowing symptom progression.Given its benefits, professionals should encourage and motivate people with Parkinson’s to exercise regularly from the time of diagnosis and provide guidance on what exercise to do. We provide examples of how the growing body of evidence on exercise for people with Parkinson’s is revolutionising the services they are provided. We also highlight new resources available to help the wider support network (people such as volunteers, partners and friends of people with Parkinson’s) with an interest in exercise promote a consistent message on the benefits of exercise.
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Chen, Jing, Bruce Taylor, Andrew J. Palmer, Andrea Kirk-Brown, Pieter van Dijk, Steve Simpson, Leigh Blizzard, and Ingrid van der Mei. "Estimating MS-related work productivity loss and factors associated with work productivity loss in a representative Australian sample of people with multiple sclerosis." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 25, no. 7 (June 18, 2018): 994–1004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458518781971.
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Background: Little is known about the work productivity loss in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: To quantify the MS-related work productivity loss and to compare factors associated with labour force participation and work productivity loss. Methods: Participants were from the Australian MS Longitudinal Study. MS-related work productivity loss included absenteeism (time missed from work) and presenteeism (reduced productivity while working). Data were analysed using log-binomial and Cragg hurdle regression. Results: Among 740 MS employees, 56% experienced any work productivity loss due to MS in the past 4 weeks. The mean total work productivity loss was 2.5 days (14.2% lost productive time), absenteeism 0.6 days (3.4%) and presenteeism 1.9 days (10.8%)), leading to AU$6767 (US$4985, EURO€4578) loss per person annually. Multivariable analyses showed that work productivity was determined most strongly by symptoms, particularly ‘fatigue and cognitive symptoms’ and ‘pain and sensory symptoms’, while older age, and lower education level were also predictive of not being in the labour force. Conclusion: MS-related presenteeism was three times higher than absenteeism, highlighting the importance of presenteeism being included in employment outcomes. The dominance of symptom severity as predictors of both work participation and productivity loss emphasises the need for improved management of symptoms.
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Vorobieva, Olga. "The History of Emotions and Nationalism Studies: a Сognitive Turn in Contemporary Historiography." ISTORIYA 12, no. 8 (106) (2021): 0. http://dx.doi.org/10.18254/s207987840016459-3.
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The article considers the cognitive potential of the history of emotions in the study of nationalism in historiographical discussions of 1990—2000s. The authors analyze the works, which criticize constructivist approaches and problematize the relationship between nationalism, “national character”, “emotional mode” and everyday behavioral practices. Based on P. Bourdieu's concept of ‘habitus’ and its modification in N. Elias's historical sociology, the article highlights the common ground and productive interaction between histories of emotion and nationalism studies. This reciprocal movement is interpreted as a symptom of the search for a common conceptual platform and vocabulary for the mutual translation of their research practices. The authors believe that a productive trend within this dialogue could be a more active address to cognitive studies advocating a rethinking of the relationship between individual consciousness and collective regimes of knowledge-power of sentimental, modern and “post-modern” eras.
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Kamenidou, Irene (Eirini), Aikaterini Stavrianea, Spyridon Mamalis, and Ifigeneia Mylona. "Knowledge Assessment of COVID-19 Symptoms: Gender Differences and Communication Routes for the Generation Z Cohort." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 19 (September 23, 2020): 6964. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17196964.
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This paper explores the generation Z (Gen Z) cohort’s self-assessed knowledge regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) symptoms as well as their interest in acquiring information and learning more about the transmission and spread of the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-COV-2 virus) and the COVID-19 symptoms. Additionally, it investigates gender differences in self-assessed knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms. Field research employing a nonprobability sampling method with an online questionnaire resulted in collecting 762 valid questionnaires. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, factor and reliability analysis, and the independent sample t-test. Results reveal that overall symptom knowledge was assessed higher than the self-assessed knowledge of the 13 specific symptoms. No gender differences were detected regarding self-assessed knowledge of the following COVID-19 symptoms: cough, dyspnea, anorexia, productive cough with expectoration (phlegm), headache, and diarrhea. On the other hand, for self-assessed overall knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms, as well as self-assessed knowledge of COVID-19 symptoms related to fever and fatigue, myalgia (muscle pain), pharyngodynia, nausea–vomitus, hemoptysis, and abdominal pain, the t-tests conducted showed that there are statistical differences in knowledge assessment between male and female subjects. Based on the outcomes, the paper provides marketing communication practices targeting this young generation cohort to raise awareness so that Gen Z’ers may react effectively if these symptoms are observed and, thus, request medical assistance.
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Zaitsev, A. A. "Acute bronchitis: clinical guidelines." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 17 (November 22, 2020): 27–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2020-17-27-32.
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The article deals with the issues of epidemiology and pharmacotherapy of acute bronchitis in adults. Acute bronchitis is one of the most pressing challenges in modern pulmonology, which is associated with a high incidence reaching 30–40 ‰ every year. The data on the prevalence of the disease, current ideas on the etiology of acute bronchitis, and trends of pharmacotherapy are presented. Acute bronchitis is a disease of viral etiology and it is inappropriate to use antimicrobial drugs to treat this disease. The widespread use of antibiotics, on the contrary, is accompanied by several adverse events, increased cost of treatment and the rise of antibiotic resistance. A special attention is paid to the markers of inflammatory response such as C-reactive protein and procalcitonin, their role in deciding on the need for antibacterial therapy for this disease. The article provides a critical analysis of the options for using inhaled bronchodilators and steroids to treat acute bronchitis. The clinical picture of acute bronchitis may include an acute onset, the presence of symptoms caused by upper and lower respiratory events, symptoms of intoxication of varying severity. The primary symptom of acute bronchitis is a cough, which is usually productive, with the discharge of a small amount of mucous and, sometimes, purulent sputum. Among the recommended drugs to treat acute bronchitis are mucoactive drugs, as cough is the main symptom of this disease. The results of presented studies showed that the combination drugs had the most pronounced mucoactive effect in acute bronchitis. For example, a drug containing bromhexine hydrochloride, guaifenesin and salbutamol demonstrated greater efficacy in reducing the duration of cough than mucoactive drugs being compared in the study in patients with acute respiratory viral infections and a long history of smoking.
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Campbell, Norah, and Cormac Deane. "Bacteria and the market." Marketing Theory 19, no. 3 (September 6, 2018): 237–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1470593118796678.
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We present a psychoanalytic reading of 332 images of bacteria in advertising for antibacterial products and in public service announcements since 1848. We identify four dominant and recurring tropes that bring bacteria into the symbolic realm: cuteness, overpopulation, the lower classes and deviant sex. As a first stage of our analysis, we propose that bacteria are symptoms of a capitalist socio-economic order. Bacteria are repressed fears and fantasies about purity, gender, race, community, pollution, class and sexual promiscuity which are tacitly leveraged by antibacterial brands. We then ask why these fears and fantasies take the form of the bacterial. We trace a movement from the psychoanalytical concept of the symptom to the sinthome. If symptoms can be read as a repressed, extrinsic ideology that can/must be revealed, the sinthome is a fantasy that, when brought to light, does not dissolve, because it structures reality intrinsically. We indicate an emerging body of psychoanalytically informed critical marketing that points to the perverse effects of emancipatory, revelatory critical analysis, where the consumer is made to face their symptom. The sinthome is a useful way to summarize this problem. However, while the sinthome is testimony to the impossibility of redemption through the revelation of our ideological prisons, it has a productive, positive contribution to critical marketing theory. It presents a theory of and a tool for analysing fantasies that focus on the form of their expression, rather than their content. In our case, the fact that fantasy takes the form of the bacterial reveals a surprising confluence between the politics of community and the physiology of (auto)immunity, with important and specific strategies on how ideology can be interrupted. This power of the sinthome to straddle the symbolic, imaginary and real creates ways to conceive marketing phenomena as simultaneously psychoanalytic, political, physical and metaphorical.
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Orlova, N. V. "Complex therapy of acute respiratory diseases." Medical Council, no. 15 (December 8, 2019): 91–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2019-15-91-97.
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Acute respiratory disease (ARD) is a common pathology. Untimely diagnosis and treatment, co-morbidities, old age and children under 1 year of age, pregnancy can increase the severity of the condition and lead to complications and death. According to IDSA recommendations, vaccination is an effective way to prevent complications and fatal influenza cases. Vaccination is primarily for people at risk of serious illness. In cases of suspected influenza, molecular diagnostics is recommended. At the same time, treatment of suspected influenza should be prescribed immediately, without waiting for laboratory confirmation of the diagnosis. Etiotropic treatment aimed at suppressing virus replication should be the first priority in the treatment of acute respiratory viral infections. Bacterial agents may be the primary cause of respiratory diseases or may complicate viral diseases. In the presence of a bacterial pathogen, antibacterial agents are prescribed. ARD symptoms worsen the quality of life of patients. Complex treatment of respiratory diseases includes the prescription of symptomatic therapy: antipyretics, antitussives, vasoconstrictor drugs in rhinorrhea. Cough is the most common respiratory symptom. In various diseases, cough has its own peculiarities, which allows you to carry out differential diagnosis. The American Thoracic Society has proposed schemes of differential search for acute and chronic coughs, which allow rational diagnosis of diseases. The use of antitussive drugs has its own peculiarities: when the cough is non-productive, drugs are prescribed to suppress cough, when the cough is productive - drugs are aimed at facilitating the evacuation of sputum. One of the preparations possessing expectorant, mucolytic and antispasmodic action, is Hedelix syrup on the basis of ivy.
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Gulyabin, K. R. "Exacerbation of chronic arachnoiditis as one of the causes of transient headache." Spravočnik vrača obŝej praktiki (Journal of Family Medicine), no. 8 (July 25, 2022): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.33920/med-10-2208-01.
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Arachnoiditis is an organic lesion of the brain, manifested as diffuse productive inflammation in the arachnoid membrane of the brain with the formation of adhesions and cysts, involving the pia mater, ependyma and subependymal layer of the ventricles and choroid plexuses in the pathological process. The incidence of the disease is approximately 3–5 % among all organic lesions of the central nervous system. Arachnoiditis can be autoimmune in nature, the pathogenesis of which is hyperproduction of autoantibodies followed by hyperplasia of the arachnoid endothelium as a result of their effect, or manifest itself as residual manifestations after a neuroinfection or traumatic brain injury. In most cases, focal symptoms accompanying arachnoiditis are associated with irritant action and involvement of the underlying brain structures in the adhesive process. The clinical picture is a complex symptom complex, including a combination of general infectious, cerebral, focal symptoms and signs of changes in the composition of the cerebrospinal fluid. Of the cerebral symptoms, headache comes first; it occurs in 80 % of patients with a history of arachnoiditis. The greatest intensity of the headache is noted in the early morning hours; very often it is accompanied by nausea and vomiting. In the vast majority of cases, this pain is based on intracranial hypertension. In addition to headaches, non-systemic dizziness is observed, and autonomic dysfunction and increased sensory excitability are noted in those suffering from chronic arachnoiditis.
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Jaybhaye, D. L., S. Chandra, S. Johar, and A. S. Nagre. "Effect of honey and ginger mixture on productive cough in pediatrics patients." International Journal of Basic & Clinical Pharmacology 11, no. 3 (April 22, 2022): 237. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2319-2003.ijbcp20221038.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Cough is common problem in pediatric age. Most of the parents use over the counter drugs along with cough syrups. Most of the cough syrup causes drowsiness and sedation as an adverse effect. So considering this we use ginger and honey mixture for treatment of productive cough to see its effectiveness. In Ayurveda, it is used since ancient time and in Indian it is used for home remedy for treatment of cough.Methods: We selected patient attended pediatric outpatient department (OPD) complaining of productive cough. We selected 90 patients and divided in to three groups 30 patient in each group. Group I we gave antibiotics, antihistaminic with syrup ascoril (ambroxol 30 mg/5 ml and levosalbutamol 1 mg/5 ml and guaifenesin 50 mg/5 ml). Group II antibiotics, antihistaminic with honey and ginger mixture. In group III we gave antibiotic with antihistaminic along with both honey and ginger mixture with syrup ascoril. After this complete follow up to 10 days on mobile performed. We observed for occurrence of any deterioration of condition with occurrence adverse effect and how many days were required for improvement of patient condition.Results: We got very promising results were we saw improvement in symptom in 6 day with honey and ginger group as compared to cough syrup group were p value is significant and highly significant (<0.005 and 0.001 respectively) with minimal acceptable adverse effect.Conclusions: So from our study we can conclude the honey and ginger mixture is promising treatment of productive cough with less side effects.
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Citra, Dian, Irvan Medison, and Sabrina S. Ermayanti. "The Differences of Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Impairment between Exposure and Unexposured Areas by Dust from Semen Padang Factory." Jurnal Respirologi Indonesia 38, no. 3 (September 17, 2018): 173–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.36497/jri.v38i3.7.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The cement factories have a waste product such as dust that had negative impact on respiratory system. The aims of this
study is to investigate the differences of respiratory symptoms and pulmonary impairment between exposure and unexposured region by dust
from Semen Padang factory.
Methods: Cross sectional study of 282 subjects from exposure and unexposure areas in Semen Padang factory. This study was held in
March 2016 - July 2017. Dust levels were assessed at both areas. Respiratory symptoms were assessed by interviews and quistionnaires.
Lung function was measured by spirometry examinations. The variables between both groups were analyzed.
Results: The daily dust level of exposure area close to three folds than unexposure area (150μg/Nm 3 vs 53,50 μg/Nm 3) yet still in save level
that assigned by regulation. There were 282 subjects from both areas which consist of 67 men and 74 women for each area. There were no
differences in respiratory symptoms included chest pain (0% vs 0,7%, P=1,00), productive cough (4,3% vs 2,1%, P=0,5), cronic cough (4,3%
vs 2,1% ,P=0,5) and breathlessness (5,7% vs 5% ,P=1,00). The proportion of pulmonary impairment not difference between two areas (P=0,053).
Concusions: Both area had dust level below up level assigned by regulation. There were no differences in respiratory symptoms and
pulmonary impairment at exposure area and unexposure area. Breathlessness is most common symptom.
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Hamdan, Saba Jasim. "The Efficacy and Prevalence of Montelukast Therapy in Cough-Variant Asthma Patients in Al-Kindy Teaching Hospital." Open Access Macedonian Journal of Medical Sciences 8, B (April 25, 2020): 156–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.3889/oamjms.2020.4102.
Full textAbstract:
BACKGROUND: Cough-variant asthma (CVA) is a type of asthma in which the main symptom is a dry, non-productive cough.
OBJECTIVE: The objective of the study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect of Montelukast in CVA and to investigate the prevalence of Montelukast in CVA.
METHODS: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 30 patients with chronic cough at least 8 weeks using Montelukast at Al-Kindy Hospital over the period of January 2018‒March 2018. An interview using questionnaire was used to collect the data that were specifically prepared to meet the objective of study including age, sex, associated disease, exacerbation factors, and classical therapy.
RESULTS: There was a reduction of the symptoms associated with CVA after treatment with Montelukast. The prevalence of exacerbation factors was as follows: Dust (73.3%) of patients, food (36.7%), exercise (60%), psychological (56.7%), smoking (30%), and others (perfume and cold weather) (26.7%). The usage of Montelukast in this study was 73.3% (22 patients). Patients using Montelukast have shown improvement of symptoms as follows: Chest pain was relieved from 57.1% of patients, exhaustion (58.3%), vomiting (76.5%), sleep disturbance (54.5%), affecting daily life in 57.1%, and syncope 66.7%.
CONCLUSION: The prevalence of Montelukast administration to the patients with chronic cough in our study was found to be more than 70% of the 30 total patients. Montelukast usage leads to reduction in the frequency of chronic cough and the symptoms associated with it.
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Jeffers, Courtni. "Traditional & narrative practices of treatment for depression and depressive symptoms in older adults." International Journal of Whole Person Care 9, no. 1 (January 17, 2022): 14–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.26443/ijwpc.v9i1.322.
Full textAbstract:
An analysis and evaluation of the literature regarding traditional treatment methods for depression among older adults compared the effectiveness of the results to the benefits of a treatment plan that integrates the narrative practices of storytelling and reflexive writing. Priority was given to peer-reviewed journal articles from 2008 forward, though some earlier information was used for clarification and foundation building.
The formation and implementation of individual patient treatment plans for depression and depressive symptoms are impacted by many variables such as: Confusion surrounding provider treatment guidelines, social organizational context, organizational climate and the differing definitions of depression that exist among providers and patients. Patients often struggle to self-identify or put words to depressive symptoms and the process of reflexive writing is transformative and increases narrative competency, which strengthens a patient’s ability to give an account of oneself, aiding in self-discovery and personal symptom awareness.
An imbalance of power exists in the clinical encounter and the practices and principles of the discipline of Narrative Medicine can have a positive impact on strengthening the therapeutic alliance and treatment outcomes. Older adults with depression and depressive symptoms have a lower quality of life and often feel less productive in their communities. Traditional pharmacologically based depression treatment plans are one-dimensional and often fail to address personal patient context and preference. Older adults living with diagnosed depression and depressive symptoms can be better served with treatment plans that include narrative techniques that increase alliance, affiliation, self-awareness and self-discovery.
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Champagne, Julie, Marie-Eve Laliberté-Gagné, and Denis Leclerc. "Phosphorylation of the Termini of Cauliflower mosaic virus Precapsid Protein Is Important for Productive Infection." Molecular Plant-Microbe Interactions® 20, no. 6 (June 2007): 648–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1094/mpmi-20-6-0648.
Full textAbstract:
Cauliflower mosaic virus (CaMV) coat protein precursor (pre-CP) has 489 amino acids (p57) and is processed by the viral proteinase into three major forms: p44, p39, and p37. The N- and C-terminal extensions of pre-CP are released during maturation by the virus-encoded proteinase. We showed that these extensions are phosphorylated at several sites by host casein kinase II (CKII). We have identified the phosphorylated amino acids using an in vitro phosphorylation assay and tested the effect of mutation of these sites on viral infectivity. Mutation of serines S66, S68, and S72 to alanine in the N-terminal extension abolished phosphorylation of the protein in vitro. Also, mutation of all S and T residues in the C-terminus (450 to 489) made this region insensitive to CKII. Amino acid substitutions also were introduced into a full-length infectious clone of CaMV. Mutated forms of the virus with S66, S68, and S72 substituted with A or D showed a delay in symptom development and affected the infectivity of the virus. However, a mutant with an A substitution of all the S and T residues of the C-terminal extension of CP was not infectious. These results suggest that phosphorylation of the N- and C-termini of CaMV pre-CP plays an important role in the initiation of viral infection.
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Sey, James. "Psychopathology, Inner Space and the Automotive Death Drive: J.G. Ballard." South African Journal of Psychology 32, no. 2 (June 2002): 55–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/008124630203200208.
Full textAbstract:
This paper uses a detailed reading of the 1973 novel Crash!, a work of dystopian science fiction by British author J.G. Ballard, to outline a new theory of psychopathology in a thoroughly technologised culture. The paper proposes that, in the light of the evidence of the novel, it may be possible to reconceptualise both trauma and the somatic relationship to pathology, through the mediation of a saturated technoculture, at least in the sense of a closer investigation of the relationship between perversity and aesthetic expression. The argument concludes that there is a privileged relationship between such extreme forms of pathological symptom as are presented in the novel, and the aesthetic form itself, which leads to a more productive understanding of psychopathology.
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Saroja, BG. "Clinico demographic profile of patients with bronchiectasis – A cross sectional study." IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine 6, no. 2 (June 15, 2021): 111–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2021.024.
Full textAbstract:
Bronchiectasis (BE) is a common but neglected chronic lung disease. Most epidemiological data are limited to cohorts from Europe and the USA, with few data from low income and middle income countries “Bronchiectasis” is a chronic debilitating respiratory condition, natural history of Bronchiectasis is variable, some patients have only a few chest infections per year with no disease progression overtime, while others have more frequent prolonged infective episodes and progress more quickly to respiratory failure with an associated increase in risk of death.A vicious cycle of infection and inflammation exists in damaged airways with patient suffering from persistent cough, purulent sputum production, recurrent chest infections and general malaise, associated with increased morbidity and reduced quality of life and socioeconomic, cost of long term management is significant. 162 CT confirmed adult patients≥ 18 years were included in the study, data of patients were retrieved demography, clinical features, causative factors, spirometry and imaging reports were studied and analysed. 162 adult patients were included in the study. Males (54%) and more than 50 years age group population [64%] was predominantly affected. 58% were non-smokers.Chronic cough (100%) with sputum production (86%) and fatigue (78%) were the most common symptoms, digital clubbing and crackles were the most common examination findings. Dominant cause of BE was post infection (46%) followed by COPD (20%), ABPA (10%) and miscellaneous causes. Obstructive abnormality (42%) was the most common spirometric pattern observed. Higher incidence of cystic BE (57%) was found in our study. Patients > 50 years and males were predominantly affected. Most of the study population had never smoked. Most common symptom found was chronic productive cough and fatigue. Etiology of BE is heterogeneous. Post Tuberculosis BE variety was common. BE in COPD patients was not less common. Central Bronchiectasis was not uncommon.
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Wessels, S. P. "Case study: Patient with alveolar proteinosis." South African Journal of Physiotherapy 47, no. 1 (February 28, 1991): 12–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajp.v47i1.767.
Full textAbstract:
Alveolar proteinosis is a rare disease of unknown etiology in which the alveoli are filled with lipid-proteinaceous material. The diagnosis is usually made on an open lung biopsy. The main symptoms are chest pain, tiredness, persistent pyrexia and a productive cough with purulent, bloodstained sputum. Exertion dyspnoea, however, is regarded as the most important symptom. Chest X-rays demonstrate a picture similar to severe pulmonary oedema. The lung functions and the blood gases are indicators of the severity of the disease and there Is usually a reduction in the vital capacity, Sa02 and Pa02.A case study of a patient with this diagnosis treated at Tygerberg Hospital is reported. He was admitted complaining of the above mentioned symptoms, his lung functions and blood gases were extremely poor and the chest X-rays showed bilateral diffuse opacifications. He had to be ventilated with high percentages of oxygen and a high PEEP to maintain an adequate Sa02 and Pa02. The infection was treated with antibiotics and corticosteroids. Because of the presence of a tremendous amount of bronchial secretions, chest physiotherapy was very important. General techniques used were bagging, percussion and shaking in alternative side-lying and were combined with Mistabron: Saline inhalations to help dissolve the proteinaceous material in the alveoli. Over a period of 8 weeks he recovered remarkably, but two months after admission his condition unexpectedly deteriorated and he died three days later.
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Krzystanek, Marek, and Artur Pałasz. "NMDA Receptor Model of Antipsychotic Drug-Induced Hypofrontality." International Journal of Molecular Sciences 20, no. 6 (March 21, 2019): 1442. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijms20061442.
Full textAbstract:
Schizophrenia is a chronic mental disease, affecting around 1% of the general population. Schizophrenia is characterized by productive, negative, affective, and disorganization symptoms, and cognitive deficits. Cognitive deficits prevail in most of the schizophrenia patients and are one of the most disabling symptoms. They usually occur before the acute episode of the disease and tend to become chronic with no satisfactory treatment from antipsychotic drugs. Because of their early manifestation in patients’ lives, cognitive deficits are suggested to be the primary symptom of schizophrenia. The pathogenesis of cognitive deficits in schizophrenia is not fully understood. They are linked with hypofrontality, which is a decrease in blood flow and glucose metabolism in the prefrontal lobe of schizophrenia-suffering patients. Hypofrontality is linked with disturbances of the corticolimbothalamic circuit, important for cognition and memory in humans. The circuit consists of a group of neuroanatomic structures and hypothetically any disturbance in them may result in cognitive deficits. We present a translational preclinical model of understanding how antipsychotic medication may decrease the N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptors’ activity and produce dysfunctions in the corticolimbothalamic circuit and hypofrontality. From several pharmacological experiments on rats, including mainly our own recent findings, we collected data that suggest that antipsychotic medication may maintain and escalate hypofrontality in schizophrenia, decreasing NMDA receptor activity in the corticolimbothalamic circuit in the human brain. We discuss our findings within the literature of the subject.
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Neves, Robson da Fonseca, and Mônica de Oliveira Nunes. "From legitimation to (re-)signification: the therapeutic itinerary of workers with RSIs/WMSDs." Ciência & Saúde Coletiva 15, no. 1 (January 2010): 211–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1413-81232010000100026.
Full textAbstract:
Repetitive Strain Injuries (RSIs)/Work-Related Musculoskeletal Disorders (WMSDs) are a major issue in Brazilian public health. The way such sickness is produced, its multidetermined origin and the troubled care provided to sufferers point to the very contradictions of the capitalist production system. This work aims at understanding the macrosocial processes surfaced in the workers' search for cure of RSIs/WMSDs, paying close attention to the negotiation and (re-)signification processes present in those trajectories. By drawing on "explanatory models" and the concept of "therapeutic itinerary", "thematic analysis" of in-depth interviews with Brazilian workers receiving Social Security compensation was used to approach the socioeconomic and political realms. Culpability and excess were reported in connection with etiology whereas pain, tiredness and stress were shown to be related to symptom initiation. Legal medical assessment, rehabilitation programs and prognosis were all along (re-) signified by the interviewees in an attempt to create an "ideal type" of productive worker despite the injury. It is then urged that public health policies responsive to the wider organization and processes of power and class related to the care of RSIs/WMSDs are devised.
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Mazunina, E. S., E. G. Furman, T. G. Evseenkova, and I. M. Valiulov. "Nosologic independence of pediatric protracted bacterial bronchitis in real clinical practice: single-stage continuous cross-sectional study." Perm Medical Journal 36, no. 6 (January 30, 2020): 19–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/pmj36619-26.
Full textAbstract:
Aim. To study the clinical and paraclinical features of protracted bacterial bronchitis (PBB), stated according to clinical definition of disease in children with relapsing course of respiratory diseases and a symptom of wet cough for more than 4 weeks.
Materials and methods. The study included 68 children with relapsing course of respiratory diseases, who have a symptom of wet cough for more than 4 weeks. Group 1 enclosed 30 (44 %) children, who corresponded to clinical definition of PBB. Group 2 38 (56 %) children without PBB manifestations.
Results. Bronchial asthma (46.6%, p 0.05), degree 2-3 tracheobronchomalacia (30 %, p 0.05) were more common in the group of children with clinical PBB. No any allergic pathology was observed in 13 (44.8 %) children with PBB. Among the main clinical features of PBB there were observed the following: the presence of night cough (73.3 %, p 0.05), fine moist rales in the lungs (76.6 %), bronchoscopically the presence of diffuse catarrhal-purulent endobronchitis (86.6 %).
Conclusions. Physicians should bear in mind one of the most frequent causes of protracted wet cough (more than 4 weeks), namely, PBB. When suspecting PBB, a patient should be sent to pulmonologist, undergo bronchoscopy and BAL by indications so as to assess microbial landscape in children with protracted productive cough and rales for a timely diagnosis of PBB and administration of antibacterial therapy.
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Pleasants, Roy, Khosrow Heidari, Jill Ohar, James Donohue, Njira Lugogo, Chelsea Richard, Sarojina Kanotra, et al. "Use of a Cross-Sectional Survey in the Adult Population to Characterize Persons at High-Risk for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease." Healthcare 7, no. 1 (January 18, 2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/healthcare7010012.
Full textAbstract:
Rationale/Objective: The Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS) health survey has been used to describe the epidemiology of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in the US. Through addressing respiratory symptoms and tobacco use, it could also be used to characterize COPD risk. Methods: Four US states added questions to the 2015 BRFSS regarding productive cough, shortness of breath, dyspnea on exertion, and tobacco duration. We determined COPD risk categories: provider-diagnosed COPD as self-report, high-risk for COPD as ≥10 years tobacco smoking and at least one significant respiratory symptom, and low risk was neither diagnosed COPD nor high risk. Disease burden was defined by respiratory symptoms and health impairments. Data were analyzed using multiple logistic regression models with age as a covariate. Results: Among 35,722 adults ≥18 years, the overall prevalence of COPD and high-risk for COPD were 6.6% and 5.1%. Differences among COPD risk groups were evident based on gender, race, age, geography, tobacco use, health impairments, and respiratory symptoms. Risk for disease was seen early where 3.75% of 25–34 years-old met high-risk criteria. Longer tobacco duration was associated with an increased prevalence of COPD, particularly >20 years. Seventy-nine percent of persons ≥45 years-old with frequent shortness of breath (SOB) reported having or being at risk of COPD, reflecting disease burden. Conclusion: These data, representing nearly 18% of US adults, indicates those at high risk for COPD share many, but not all of the characteristics of persons diagnosed with the disease and demonstrates the value of the BRFSS as a tool to define lung health at a population level.
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Lai, Christopher K. C., Zigui Chen, Grace Lui, Lowell Ling, Timothy Li, Martin C. S. Wong, Rita W. Y. Ng, et al. "Prospective Study Comparing Deep Throat Saliva With Other Respiratory Tract Specimens in the Diagnosis of Novel Coronavirus Disease 2019." Journal of Infectious Diseases 222, no. 10 (August 1, 2020): 1612–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/infdis/jiaa487.
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Abstract Background Self-collected specimens have been advocated to avoid infectious exposure to healthcare workers. Self-induced sputum in those with a productive cough and saliva in those without a productive cough have been proposed, but sensitivity remains uncertain. Methods We performed a prospective study in 2 regional hospitals in Hong Kong. Results We prospectively examined 563 serial samples collected during the virus shedding periods of 50 patients: 150 deep throat saliva (DTS), 309 pooled-nasopharyngeal (NP) and throat swabs, and 104 sputum. Deep throat saliva had the lowest overall reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)-positive rate (68.7% vs 89.4% [sputum] and 80.9% [pooled NP and throat swabs]) and the lowest viral ribonucleic acid (RNA) concentration (mean log copy/mL 3.54 vs 5.03 [sputum] and 4.63 [pooled NP and throat swabs]). Analyses with respect to time from symptom onset and severity also revealed similar results. Virus yields of DTS correlated with that of sputum (Pearson correlation index 0.76; 95% confidence interval, 0.62–0.86). We estimated that the overall false-negative rate of DTS could be as high as 31.3% and increased 2.7 times among patients without sputum. Conclusions Deep throat saliva produced the lowest viral RNA concentration and RT-PCR-positive rate compared with conventional respiratory specimens in all phases of illness. Self-collected sputum should be the choice for patients with sputum.
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Kollanur, Janso, Ronica Pulikal, Ajay R, Davis Paul Chelangara, and Krishnakumar EV. "Outcomes of community acquired pneumonia in a tertiary hospital." IP Indian Journal of Immunology and Respiratory Medicine 7, no. 3 (October 15, 2022): 138–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.18231/j.ijirm.2022.030.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the advances in healthcare setup, Community Acquired pneumonia still continues to be one of the major causes of morbidity and mortality among the hospitalised, especially the elderly population. Knowledge about the distribution of the disease, susceptible population, risk factors, mortality and morbidity outcomes makes it easy for the effective management of the affected individuals. Even though we have enough data on worldwide distribution and outcome of CAP, similar studies in Indian setup are few. Considering the fact that the change in environment, population characteristics and difference in clinical practices can hugely influence the outcome of CAP, it was found necessary to conduct this study.: To understand the demographic profile of patients, to identify the main symptoms and risk factors and to find out the outcome of patients admitted with CAP in a tertiary health care centre in Thrissur. Retrospective study by collecting the details of patients hospitalized with CAP in the past one year by going through their medical records. The incidence of CAP was found to be steadily increasing with age, more in males with productive cough being the most common symptom. While in majority of cases no organisms were isolated, the ones which had an identified causative organism were mainly bacterial. Maximum cases occurred in monsoon season and the mortality rate was 2%.
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Purba, Lermiana, Deni Susyanti, and Lilis Savanna Siahaan. "STUDI KASUS PEMENUHAN KEBUTUHAN NUTRISI PADA PASIEN PPOK DI RUMAH SAKIT TINGKAT II PUTRI HIJAU MEDAN TAHUN 2017." Jurnal Riset Hesti Medan Akper Kesdam I/BB Medan 2, no. 1 (June 1, 2017): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.34008/jurhesti.v2i1.52.
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Background of Chronic Pulmonary Obstruction Disease (COPD) is identified by productive coughing, dyspnea, and obstruction in the respiratory tract. It is the combination of emphysema, chronic bronchiolitis, and asthma. One of the symptom of COPD is the decrease in bodyweight. The research used descriptive method with 2 COPD patients at Putri Hijau Level II Hospital Medan. The result of the analysis on the 2 patients showed that their need for nutrition was fulfilled but in different time, the need for nutrition in patient 1 was fulfilled in the 2nd day while in patient 2 it was fulfilled in the 3nd day due to the difference in their age. The conclusion was that the need for nutrition in COPD patients was different because of the difference in age. It is recommended that COPD patients always pay attention to the program in fulfilling their need for nutrition.Keywords: Nutrition, Chronic Obstruction Pulmonary Desease, Chronic
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Alves, S. A. M., and C. C. Nunes. "Seasonal susceptibility of apple trees to Neonectria ditissima wound infections." New Zealand Plant Protection 70 (August 8, 2017): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.30843/nzpp.2017.70.30.
Full textAbstract:
European canker, caused by Neonectria ditissima, is an important disease of apple in the temperate climate of southern Brazil. Monthly inoculations of this fungus were carried out on various wound types on cvs ‘Gala’ and ‘Fuji’ over two productive cycles to better understand the seasonal susceptibility of apple trees. Wound types were: bud scars (September), petal scars (October), fruit-thinning scars (November), leaf scars (from November to May), fruit-picking wound scars for ‘Gala’ (February) and ‘Fuji’ (March), and pruning wounds (June to August). One hundred plants of each cultivar were used and inoculation sites were monitored periodically for symptom expression. At each assessment, visible lesions were counted and pruned, and wounds were painted. Differences in wound susceptibility occurred throughout the year. Most lesions resulted from inoculations of pruning wounds. Inoculations performed in spring on bud and petal scars resulted in lower disease expression than inoculations later in the season.
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Tenjovic, Djurdjevka, Slobodanka Petrovic, Gordana Vilotijevic-Dautovic, Jovan Lovrenski, and Branislavka Bjelica-Rodic. "Clinical and radiological characteristics of unrecognized foreign body aspiration into respiratory tract in children." Medical review 66, no. 5-6 (2013): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/mpns1306214t.
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Introduction. Diagnosing of foreign body aspiration in children is often postponed. The aim of this study was to evaluate complications, clinical signs and radiological presentation of respiratory illness arising from unrecognized foreign body aspiration in pediatric population. Material and Methods. The study sample consisted of 33 patients aged from one to 18 years who had undergone bronchoscopy for foreign body removal over the 10 years? period (from 2000 to 2010). Neither their parents nor the pediatricians who had treated these patients before admission to hospital recognized the acute aspiration event. All the children were treated unsuccessfully for a period exceeding 10 days. The retrospective analysis included the history of foreign body aspiration, patients? age, kind of aspirated foreign body, clinical manifestations that led to hospitalization, radiographic findings and the time lapse from the first symptoms to diagnosis proven by endoscopic intervention. Results. The majority of the foreign bodies were organic (93.93%). Broncho-obstructive syndrome, which was the most frequent clinical presentation, was found in 18 (54.55%) patients; pneumonia was diagnosed in 10 (30.30%) patients, four children were referred to hospital due to infiltrative changes with acute broncho-obstructive syndrome and only one child (3.03%) had persistent productive cough. Radiological findings (chest X-rays) were pathological in all patients. Rigid bronchoscopy was performed in 16 (48.49%) patients 10 days after presenting the first symptoms of respiratory illness, in 6 (18.18%) patients within 10-21 days? period and in 11 (33.33%) patients 3 weeks after the first respiratory symptom. Conclusion. Unrecognized foreign body aspiration results in various clinical manifestations and non-responsiveness to the standard therapy applied.
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Andersen, Michael. "Energy, Aging, and Neurasthenia: A Historical Perspective." Anthropology & Aging 40, no. 2 (August 28, 2019): 48–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/aa.2019.170.
Full textAbstract:
That there is an association between energy and aging may seem commonsensical in modern society. Nonetheless, the question of how aging came to be associated with energy is less well known. This article explores how the 19th century disease of neurasthenia became related to aging through contemporaneous ideas about productivity, energy surplus and energy dissipation based on an analysis of how a lack of energy was featured as a symptom of the disease. It examines the specific historical intersection where a lack of energy was related to a diagnosis, illustrates how aging and energy have become intrinsically tied to each other and how the focus on the productive uses of energy has antecedents in religion as well as moral economics. As aging continues to be considered a problem in modern society--in large part due to the inherent unproductivity associated with old age caused by a lack of energy--the discourses surrounding neurasthenia demonstrate how the concept of energy manifested itself in contemporaneous consciousness.
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Packer, Tanya L., Dawna M. Foster, and Brenda Brouwer. "Fatigue and Activity Patterns of People with Chronic Fatigue Syndrome." Occupational Therapy Journal of Research 17, no. 3 (July 1997): 186–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/153944929701700303.
Full textAbstract:
Although fatigue is the central symptom of people with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), relatively few reports in the literature examine the severity of this fatigue or the activity patterns of people with CFS. Using the Fatigue Severity Scale, the Nottingham Health Profile, the Human Activity Profile, and the Activity Record, severity of fatigue, health status, and activity patterns were investigated. People with CFS reported significantly higher levels of fatigue, poorer health status, and engagement in less energy-demanding activities ( P<0.001) than people without CFS. Those with CFS spent 16.18% (standard deviation [SD]=9.62) of their time resting compared with only 2.28% (SD=3.26) of the time spent by those without CFS ( P<0.05). Time spent in productive activities (household activities and work) was also significantly different, with the CFS group less involved ( P<0.05). This severity of fatigue and limitations in activity patterns warrant further attention. Frequent rest periods and energy conservation training may benefit these clients.
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Yershov, Danylo, and Richard Partridge. "Life Threatening Delayed Complication of Botulinum Toxin Injection for Treatment of Spasmodic Dysphonia." Prague Medical Report 121, no. 2 (2020): 114–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/23362936.2020.10.
Full textAbstract:
Spasmodic dysphonia is a primary task specific focal dystonia affecting the laryngeal muscles during speech. Most medical and surgical approaches to treatment of spasmodic dysphonia are aimed at the denervation of the laryngeal muscles to block symptom expression in the voice. The standard of care for the adductor form of spasmodic dysphonia is botulinum toxin chemodenervation. The common side effects of treatment with Botox are excessive breathiness and aspiration of fluids. We present the report of a delayed presentation of upper airway obstruction due to a complete vocal cords adduction requiring intubation ten days post Botox injection for the adductor form of spasmodic dysphonia. This presentation may be preceded by a change in voice, productive cough, shortness of breath, or odynophagia. We would recommend supportive treatment in an Intensive Care Unit and close liaison with the otolaryngology team for the management of this complication. Acute upper airway obstruction requiring tracheal intubation is a delayed complication of botulinum toxin administration in the adductor form of spasmodic dysphonia.
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Alrasheedi, Naeemah. "Sylvia Plath's The Bell Jar: A Feministic Reading." World Journal of English Language 13, no. 3 (February 25, 2023): 112. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v13n3p112.
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At the time when Sylvia Plath was at her most productive artistically, sea changes were underway in America and the entire western world. Following the changed socio-economic dispensation in the aftermath of the intense activity of the Second World War, there was a revival in women’s demands for a better social status and this came to be known as the Second Feministic Movement. As a symptom and result of this, women’s authorship flowered and struggled at the same time, the aim being to present the world view of women for women, a departure from the so-far prevailing world view of men for women. However, to limit the former as ‘feministic’ would perhaps not be a just act. This study, accordingly, undertakes deep textual and sub-textual analysis of Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar, long seen as a feminist writer’s artistic expression, to establish how far the feministic thought is intertwined in the narrative.
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Dudnyk, V. M., I. V. Моrozova, M. O. Shalamai, and Y. V. Vyzhga. "Experience of the use of combined phytopreparations in the treatment of respiratory tract diseases." Reports of Vinnytsia National Medical University 22, no. 1 (August 8, 2018): 46–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.31393/reports-vnmedical-2018-22(1)-09.
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The article showed the problem of integrated management of children different age groups with upper respiratory tract viral infection. It reflected modern approach of using multicomponent herbal medicine for cough therapy in children in the practice of pediatrician. We evaluated necessity of the prescription and effect of the herbal drug in syrup type Gamma in case of acute respiratory diseases in 50 children, from the age of 2 up to 15 years of life, that were treated at infectious-diagnostic department of Vinnytsya regional children’s hospital and had cough symptom. Analysis of the results of the use of herbal multicomponent Gamma syrup in children with cough was provided. The duration of the cough period, qualitative changes in the cough symptom, such as frequency and expectoration of sputum were analyzed. In every case we estimated time of cough originating, changes of its characteristics from the dry to productive, decreasing of the intensity and time of the clinical recovering. The effectiveness of Gamma syrup was evaluated by comparing the main group of patients and the control group. In 92% of patients in the main group on day 7 cough completely stopped, comparing to the control group –cough stopped in 52%. This is the evidence of positive effect on cough, sputum discharge, it`s viscosity and common improvement of drainage function respiratory tract. Using of herbal multicomponent Gamma syrup shows high clinical effectiveness as mucolytic, broncholytic, expectorant and anti-inflammatory drug in children with cough in complex treatment of upper respiratory tract viral infection.
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Sagalakova, O. A., O. V. Zhirnova, and D. V. Truevtsev. "Transformation of Methodological Understanding about “Voices” and Versions of Interventions by Experts in the Field of Auditory Hallucinations." Клиническая и специальная психология 9, no. 2 (2020): 34–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.17759/cpse.2020090202.
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An analytical review of the directions for auditory hallucinations (AH) interventions in the context of the development of ideas about the phenomenon of “voices” is presented. The transformation of methodological approaches evolves from the conceptualization of hallucinations as “perceptions without an object” and “production of sick brain” to an acknowledgment of the connection with the stimulus and the significance of the subject's activity; from the concept of AH as a symptom to the analysis of perception as a mediated activity, the differentiation of AH cognitive and perceptual models. Changes in conceptualization determine the contemporary goals of the intervention. In the cultural-activity approach methods are used to improve the psychological state based on the comprehension of the systemic nature of the defect in mental activity. The limitations of comparing the effectiveness of pharmacological treatment and psychotherapy are shown. In the development of evidence-based intervention strategies the integration of cultural-activity approach thesis and cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) models is productive. Within the framework of the “third wave” CBT and therapy based on social relations the leading techniques for adapting to “voices” are presented. Conceptualization the mechanisms of AH allows to move from the goal of intervention related to adaptation in defect – to distress reduction, increase the controllability of AH, to overcoming the consequences of psychosis.
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Hikmawati, Isna, and Ragil Setiyabudi. "Epidemiology of COVID-19 in Indonesia: common source and propagated source as a cause for outbreaks." Journal of Infection in Developing Countries 15, no. 05 (May 31, 2021): 646–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3855/jidc.14240.
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Introduction: The COVID-19 outbreak first occurred in China and has developed throughout the world, including Indonesia. The Indonesian government reports that up to May 22, 2020 there have been 21,430 confirmed cases. The purpose of this study is to describe the epidemiology, clinical symptoms and comorbidities of COVID-19 as well as the various government interventions to reduce the rate of incidence.
Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was designed. The population in this study is based data from the official Indonesian government website run by the Task Force for the Acceleration of Handling COVID-19. The sample was observed b March 2 to April 24, 2020. The total sample included 8,211 cases of patients diagnosed with COVID-19, among these 1,002 recovered and 689 died. Data analysis used percentages from various recorded epidemiological variables.
Results: The results showed that COVID-19 epidemiological features were mostly observed in men (56.5%) and patients of productive age (31-59 of age) by 57.5%; most deaths were recorded in patients aged > 60 years (43.6%). The most recurrent clinical symptom was cough (77.8%), the most recurrent comorbidity was hypertension (52.4%), and the province with the highest COVID-19 incidence was DKI Jakarta (34.3%).
Conclusions: The combination of common sources and propagated source was observed during the COVID-19 outbreak in Indonesia. Special attention should be given to protecting vulnerable populations such as children, health care providers, and the elderly. The community is expected to participate in preventing the transmission of COVID-19 by complying with health protocols.
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Orlova, N. V. "The place of phytotherapy in the treatment of acute upper respiratory tract infections." Meditsinskiy sovet = Medical Council, no. 20 (November 16, 2022): 65–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.21518/2079-701x-2022-16-20-65-71.
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Phytotherapy is based on the use of herbal medicines. Treatment with phytopreparations is characterized by efficiency, low risk of adverse events and the ability to enhance the effect of complex therapy. Herbal preparations are subject to standard requirements for quality control, safety and effectiveness. Inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract are characterized by numerous symptoms that significantly reduce the quality of life of the patient. Along with pathogenetic therapy, symptomatic treatment is used. For the treatment of respiratory diseases, phytopreparations with antipyretic, immunomodulatory, anti-inflammatory, antitussive, mucolytic, bronchodilator and other clinically proven effects are used. The most common symptom of inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract is cough. Many medicinal plants have antitussive effects. Ivy leaf extract has pronounced antitussive and mucolytic properties. The therapeutic effects of ivy are primarily due to the presence of saponins in its composition. Numerous randomized controlled trials have proven the efficacy and safety of H. Helix-based drugs in the treatment of cough in adults. A meta-analysis conducted by Barnes LA et al revealed that monopreparations and combined phytopreparations, including H. Helix, reduce the frequency and intensity of cough caused by viral respiratory infection. In a study involving 5,162 children, efficacy in the treatment of productive cough in children was proven. Currently, there are several medicines based on ivy leaves in liquid and solid forms on the pharmaceutical market of Russia. It leading position in sales of mucolytic agents of plant origin in Russia, due to its high efficiency and low frequency of adverse events.
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Krajewski, Andrew, Timothy Ebert, Arnold Schumann, and Laura Waldo. "Pre-Harvest Fruit Splitting of Citrus." Agronomy 12, no. 7 (June 23, 2022): 1505. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12071505.
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Under specific conditions, the fruit on citrus trees will split open. The damaged fruit is unmarketable and provides a habitat for fungal and insect pests that can reproduce and then damage currently marketable fruit. Losses of 30 to over 50 percent of the crop are possible with some cultivars. This is a physiological disorder that starts with nutrient imbalances at flowering that result in mechanically weak areas in the rind. These rupture if interior parts of the fruit expand faster than the peel can stretch. The disconnect between problem initiation and symptom expression provides many challenges to experimental designs and interpretation. Consequently, no solution has been found despite over a century of research into the problem. This is also a problem for growers because they can only see the problem after it is too late to correct. Our goal is to define the problem and highlight successes and failures in finding a solution. The review should help direct continuing research and provide information to extension personnel to help guide growers towards productive solutions.
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Roopa Jayasingh J., Deepika Blessy Telagathoti, Jeba Kumar R. J. S., Sabyasachi Pramanik, K. Martin Sagayam, Om Prakash Jena, and Samir Kumar Bandyopadhyay. "Speckle Noise Removal by SORAMA Segmentation in Digital Image Processing to Facilitate Precise Robotic Surgery." International Journal of Reliable and Quality E-Healthcare 11, no. 1 (January 2022): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijrqeh.295083.
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Kidney stones are renal calculi that are formed due to the collection of calcium and uric acid. The major symptom for the existence of these renal calculi is severe pain, especially when it travels down the urethras To detect these renal calculi, ultrasound images are preferable. But these images have speckle noise which makes the detection of stone challenge. To obtain better results, Semantic Object Region and Morphological Analysis (SORAMA) found to be productive. First scanned image undergoes noise removal process Later the image is enhanced. Detection of Region of interest (ROI) in the image is done. Later it undergoes Dilation and Erosion were a part of Morphological analysis which produces a smoothening effect on the image. From the smoothened image, the stone is detected. If the stone is not detected then it again undergoes noise removal technique and the whole process is repeated until the smoothened image with the stone is detected. This novel research paper will be a boon to medical patients suffering from this disease to be detected and diagnose at a very early stage.
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Hanappi, Hardy. "A Global Revolutionary Class Will Ride the Tiger of Alienation." tripleC: Communication, Capitalism & Critique. Open Access Journal for a Global Sustainable Information Society 18, no. 1 (January 13, 2020): 187–203. http://dx.doi.org/10.31269/triplec.v18i1.1138.
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This paper investigates how the global class of organic intellectuals will emerge. It thus updates Marx view on class struggle dynamics of the 19th century by taking the quantum leap of productive forces during the last 200 years serious. The most striking new element is the tremendous increase of the force of information power brought about by ICT. The emergence of Fascism and Stalinism in the first half of the 20th century was just a frightening first symptom of the coming age of alienation. Today, basing class membership – including the emergence of class consciousness – only on the (physical) local position in industrial production units is insufficient, even misleading. Global production is by its inbuilt complexity blurring the visibility of a specific worker’s exploitation status. There is necessary alienation, but then class struggle managed disinformation and manipulation is added. For the progressive classes this implies that they are split along the lines of their respective education status – how far the fog can be dissolved. This is where the concept of the global class of organic intellectuals, of an avantgarde, enters. The paper shows that already in the emergence of this new socialist agent the structures, in particular the information structures, of the next mode of production have to be present. It turns out that features, which are evil for capitalist thought are often the most important ingredients for the constitution of the forerunners of a socialist global society: persistent contradictions and diversity, exploding oscillations, deep and time-consuming dialogues, irrational solidarity, aesthetic stubbornness. The new intellectuals can remain rooted in local circumstances, can be organic, because they share many of these features with the exploited classes within which they act as catalyst, as avantgarde. In the end global socialism, organised by a revolving class of organic intellectuals, has to master alienation. This is the challenge.