Journal articles on the topic 'Production of Interiors'
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1
Vitázek, I., D. Michalíková, B. Vitázková, and J. Klúčik. "Emission load of car service interiors." Research in Agricultural Engineering 62, No. 3 (August 30, 2016): 122–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5/2015-rae.
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Car service centres are specific in terms of production of pollutants. The aim of the paper is to assess the quality of indoor environment of car service interiors with respect to the safe range of oxocarbon emission limits, concentration of gaseous and solid aerosols of selected chemical pollutants and occupational noise exposure. Measurements of concentration and exposure time indicated that the permitted limits were kept. CO concentration reached values in the range from 0 to 10 ppm, CO<sub>2</sub> concentration was observed in the range from 493 to 967 ppm. Concentration of solid aerosol of polyester bitumen reached the maximum value of 0.37 mg/m<sup>3</sup>, while for gaseous aerosol (e.g. toluene) it equalled 8.114 mg/m<sup>3</sup>. Measurements of chemical factors were carried out and evaluated by companies with appropriate accreditation. Occupational Exposure Limits (OELs) were higher in case of all selected substances. OEL was not demonstrably exceeded at any chemical factor. Noise emissions approached the limit values; therefore, hearing protection is required.
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Edwards, Sarah. "Sensorial Interior: Museum Diorama as Phenomenal Space." Interiority 1, no. 2 (July 30, 2018): 173–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.7454/in.v1i2.29.
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Museum dioramas are widely recognised as historic visual tropes used to frame the grandeur of the outside world within an interior viewing space. With the development of digital technologies, data projection and soundscape have increasingly replaced diorama production as a means to transform these once static-animal-posed-in-painted- habitat with immersive interiors that engage the visual and aural senses alike. Andre Breton proposes that two modes of consciousness exist: an exterior world of facts and an interior world of emotions. These interiors and exteriors produce an interface and exchange. An invitation to respond to the interior of RMIT University’s First Site gallery provided an opportunity to experiment with the three traditional dioramic elements used to bring the exterior world into an interior employing taxidermy, model making and set painting. By engaging digital technologies in response to these three elements, I developed a sensorial interior, where the exterior world of facts was set into dialogue with the interior world of emotion. A physical encounter that expanded on ‘interior’ as an experiential, relational, phenomenal and emotive space.
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Popov, Lubomir. "The Flexibility Imperative, the Transformation of the Building, and the “Unbecoming” of the Traditional Interior." Journal of Arts and Humanities 5, no. 12 (December 13, 2016): 01. http://dx.doi.org/10.18533/journal.v5i12.1057.
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A shift toward the post-modern in the humanities has fostered novel discourses on spatial phenomena including the production of space, the spatialization of society and culture, and the becoming of interiors. A recent debate on the unbecoming of interior had both puzzled me and encouraged me to explore further and to reinterpret emerging ideas in the interior design academic community. These new developments generate opportunities for investigating spatial phenomena in unconventional and novel ways, construing them as products of changing social practices rather than technical action or artistic serendipity. The problem of this study is the unbecoming of interior as a result of the new sociocultural realities. These realities have led to the unbecoming of the conventional building and in effect, the unbecoming of the interior the way society construes it today. The methodology utilizes a Symbolic Interactionist perspective and a case study approach. The paper interprets the becoming and unbecoming of interior as a dialectical processes of developing and changing relationships between types of spatialities and human agency with respect to particular sociocultural context. The findings highlight how the concerns with social indeterminacy and unpredictability translate into a requirement for building flexibility and then into the unbecoming of conventional spatial paradigms and the interior the way we know it today. These ideas spur questions about the nature and purpose of buildings and interiors, the relationships between them, and the role of impending cultures in the production of new kinds of spatialities.
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Ali Khan, M., and N. T. Peck. "On the interiors of production sets in infinite dimensional spaces." Journal of Mathematical Economics 18, no. 1 (January 1989): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0304-4068(89)90003-7.
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Lorenz, Ralph D. "Planets, life and the production of entropy." International Journal of Astrobiology 1, no. 1 (January 2002): 3–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1473550402001027.
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Two thermodynamic principles offer considerable insight into the climatic and geological settings for life on other planets, namely (1) that natural systems tend to actually achieve the ideal (‘Carnot’) limit of conversion of heat into work and (2) if a fluid system such as an atmosphere has sufficient degrees of freedom, it will choose the degree of heat transport that maximizes the generation of work (equivalently, that which offers maximum entropy production). The first principle agrees well with results on terrestrial cumulus convection, and the mechanical energy released by tectonic activity. The second principle agrees with the observed zonal climates of Earth, Mars and Titan, and shows promise for planetary interiors too; I discuss applications in the investigation of paleoclimates and habitability. I compare the work performed by planetary atmospheres and interiors on the terrestrial planets and thereby predict a weakly eroded landscape on Titan. The association of life with the production of entropy is also noted, and the possibility of evaluating planetary entropy production by telescopic observation is discussed.
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Flanagan, Pamela. "The curated representation of Saga Norén: Interweaving narratives of fashion and interiors." Film, Fashion & Consumption 9, no. 1 (May 1, 2020): 99–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/ffc_00014_1.
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Abstract Nordic Noir dramas have dominated the landscape of contemporary television, transforming the crime genre beyond the traditional English-speaking productions whilst forging a path for female protagonists to dominate. This article seeks to analyse the relationship between the narrative, fashion and interiors through the main female protagonist Saga Noren (Sofia Helin) in Bron/Broen (The Bridge) (2011‐18), the Danish-Swedish production of the Nordic Noir drama.
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Maciuika, J. V. "The Production and Display of Domestic Interiors in Wilhelmine Germany, 1900-1914." German History 25, no. 4 (October 1, 2007): 490–516. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266355407082761.
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Shen, Chunyu, Lei Ma, Jiaxi Hu, Liyang Huang, Yujuan Chen, and Dongsheng Guan. "Soil Carbon Storage and Its Determinants in Forest Fragments of Differentiated Patch Size." Forests 10, no. 11 (November 18, 2019): 1044. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f10111044.
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Research Highlights: Soil carbon storage (SOC) decreased due to forest fragmentation through lower proportion of macroaggregate distribution, higher storage of fine roots and litter falls, and lower fine root production rate. Background and Objectives: Globally, forest fragmentation processes lead to enormous losses of SOC in forests. We investigated SOC and its determinants in forest fragments experiencing edge disturbances in south China. Materials and Methods: Soil aggregate characteristics, dynamics of fine roots, and litter fall were studied from forest edges to interiors. Generalized linear mixed models were used to model the contributions of fine root and litter fall dynamics to carbon concentration in aggregates. Results: Large and small macroaggregates had higher proportion of aggregate distribution and contributed more carbon to SOC in all types of plots in the present study. SOC significantly increased from forest edges to interiors due to carbon concentration of these two aggregate types increasing from edges to interiors, while the proportion of different aggregate distributions was similar within each plot. The same trend was found with increasing forest patch size. Fine root biomass storage had the strongest impact on carbon concentration in large macroaggregates and microaggregates, with higher fine root biomass storage associated with lower carbon concentration. In addition, biomass storage and production rates of both fine roots and litter falls decreased from forest interiors to edges. Our results showed that SOC was significantly decreased due to the lower proportion of large and small macroaggregate distribution, and lower fine root production rate in forest fragments. Conclusions: SOC loss due to effects of forest fragmentation and forest edges occurred through decreased concentrations of soil aggregates and fine root production rates. Results from this study will enhance our ability to evaluate soil aggregate, fine root, and leaf litter fall contributions to SOC within forest fragments, and to suggest basic recommendations for the management and conservation of these forest fragments.
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Karlsson, Ulrika, Cecilia Lundbäck, Daniel Norell, Einar Rodhe, and Veronica Skeppe. "A Live Interior: Environments, Assemblies, Materialities." ATHENS JOURNAL OF ARCHITECTURE 7, no. 4 (September 3, 2021): 463–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.30958/aja.7-4-3.
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This paper examines the interior as a condition that is continuously in production through the arrangement of objects and furniture. This is done along two lines of inquiry. First by examining a few different historical and contemporary conceptions of the domestic interior through the lens of architectural representation. Second by using the technique of laser scanning to document a number of inhabited interiors in two apartment buildings. Through a series of representations, or cloud drawings, produced from the scans, the paper presents three ways of reading the interior: as environments, as assemblies, and as materialities. Departing from Robin Evans’ writing on drawing techniques for representing the interior and their correlation to ways of inhabitation, the paper poses questions around how the understanding of the interior may shift when using emerging techniques for architectural representation. Through readings of Walter Benjamin as well as Sylvia Lavin, the paper discusses such shifts in relation to changes in the conception of the interior and the objects that it contains.
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Gharehbaghi, A., R. Bashirzadeh, and Z. Ahmadi. "Polyurethane flexible foam fire resisting by melamine and expandable graphite: Industrial approach." Journal of Cellular Plastics 47, no. 6 (September 19, 2011): 549–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021955x11414789.
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According to importance of the safety issues especially in air industry, fire-resisted parts and interiors consumption are increasing. Seat foam has a huge fraction of the airplane interior and this makes it essential to become safer. From another point, planning to phase out some of the halogenated flame retardants because of persistence in the environment, bioaccumulation, and toxicity. In recent years, halogen-free fire retardants have been more investigated. In this work, we have concentrated more on two well-known, solid, halogen-free fire retardants, expandable graphite and melamine, and compared their performance according to their fire behavior, physical properties, and production phenomena.
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ESPOSITO, S., G. MANGANO, G. MIELE, I. PICARDI, and O. PISANTI. "RADIATIVE CORRECTIONS TO NEUTRINO ENERGY LOSS RATE IN STELLAR INTERIORS." Modern Physics Letters A 17, no. 08 (March 14, 2002): 491–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732302006643.
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We consider radiative electromagnetic corrections, at order α, to the process [Formula: see text] at finite density and temperature. This process represents one of the main contributions to the cooling of stellar environments in the late stages of star evolution. We find that these corrections affect the energy loss rate by a factor (-4-1)% with respect to the tree level estimate, in the temperature and density ranges where the neutrino pair production via e+e- annihilation is the most efficient cooling mechanism.
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Voronov, Vladimir V., and Nikolay I. Shchepetkov. "On Methodology for Designing Architectural Lighting of Production Site Interior." Light & Engineering, no. 03-2020 (June 2020): 10–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33383/2019-102.
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The article describes content of original and relevant but virtually forgotten thesis of V.V. Voronov on lighting of production site interiors by means of overhead natural (using three types of skylights) and artificial illumination, in order to elaborate scientific methodology for architectural design of more qualitative luminous environment on the basis of comprehensive approach and enhanced criteria framework of its evaluation using light engineering parameters. The thesis is unique in terms of the scope and quality of field and laboratory observations which are reflected not only in the text but also in the graphical attachments, namely photos, figures, schemes, drawings, charts, nomograms, and diagrams accompanied by specific measured or calculated parameters. The first part of the thesis contains theoretical basics and results of field observations conducted by different methods. This second part is the exposition of chapter 3 of the V.V. Voronov’s candidate thesis (1985). It describes the methodology for and the results of the experiments by means of planar and volumetric light simulation using the architectural lighting simulating assembly (chamber) which were conducted in MARKHI in 1970–1985.
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Chai, Yuchao, Xue Han, Weiyao Li, Shanshan Liu, Sikai Yao, Chong Wang, Wei Shi, et al. "Control of zeolite pore interior for chemoselective alkyne/olefin separations." Science 368, no. 6494 (May 28, 2020): 1002–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.aay8447.
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The efficient removal of alkyne impurities for the production of polymer-grade lower olefins remains an important and challenging goal for many industries. We report a strategy to control the pore interior of faujasite (FAU) zeolites by the confinement of isolated open nickel(II) sites in their six-membered rings. Under ambient conditions, Ni@FAU showed remarkable adsorption of alkynes and efficient separations of acetylene/ethylene, propyne/propylene, and butyne/1,3-butadiene mixtures, with unprecedented dynamic separation selectivities of 100, 92, and 83, respectively. In situ neutron diffraction and inelastic neutron scattering revealed that confined nickel(II) sites enabled chemoselective and reversible binding to acetylene through the formation of metastable [Ni(II)(C2H2)3] complexes. Control of the chemistry of pore interiors of easily scalable zeolites has unlocked their potential in challenging industrial separations.
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Gately, Reece D., and Marc in het Panhuis. "Filling of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 6 (February 19, 2015): 508–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.6.53.
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The reliable production of carbon nanotubes and nanofibres is a relatively new development, and due to their unique structure, there has been much interest in filling their hollow interiors. In this review, we provide an overview of the most common approaches for filling these carbon nanostructures. We highlight that filled carbon nanostructures are an emerging material for biomedical applications.
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Fiducia, Thomas A. M., Kexue Li, Amit H. Munshi, Kurt Barth, Walajabad S. Sampath, Chris R. M. Grovenor, and John M. Walls. "3D Distributions of Chlorine and Sulphur Impurities in a Thin-Film Cadmium Telluride Solar Cell." MRS Advances 3, no. 56 (2018): 3287–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/adv.2018.449.
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ABSTRACTA cadmium chloride activation treatment is essential for the production of high efficiency cadmium telluride (CdTe) solar cells. However, the effects of the treatment on the distributions of chlorine and sulphur within the device are not fully understood. Here, the detailed locations of chlorine and sulphur in a treated CdTe cell are determined in three dimensions by high resolution dynamic SIMS measurements. Chlorine is found to be present in grain boundaries, grain interiors, extended defects within the grain interiors, at the front interface, and in the cadmium sulphide layer. In each of these regions, the chlorine is likely to have significant effects on local electronic properties of the material, and hence overall device performance. Sulphur is found to have a U-shaped diffusion profile within CdTe grains, indicating a mixed grain boundary and lattice diffusion regime.
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Chen, Jianjun, Dennis B. McConnell, Richard J. Henny, Kelly Everitt, and Russell D. Caldwell. "Fire Flash: An Exotic Ornamental Foliage Plant." HortTechnology 15, no. 3 (January 2005): 686–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.15.3.0686.
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Fire flash (Chlorophytum amaniense), a member of Liliaceae, is attracting considerable attention in the foliage plant industry as a new addition for interior plantscaping. Coral-colored petioles and midribs contrasting with dark green leaves make it a sought after specimen. Originally collected from rainforests of eastern Africa in 1902, it has remained largely obscure for a century. Recently, studies on fire flash's propagation, production, and interiorscape performance have been completed. This report presents relevant botanical information and the results of our 4-year evaluation of this plant. Fire flash can be propagated through seed, division, or tissue culture and produced as a potted foliage plant under light levels from 114 to 228 μmol·m–2·s–1 and temperatures from 18 to 32 °C. Finished plants after being placed in building interiors are able to maintain their aesthetic appearances under a light level as low as 8 μmol·m–2·s–1 for 8 months or longer.
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Petru, Michal, Pavel Srb, Ladislav Sevcik, Tomas Martinec, and Petr Kulhavy. "Development of an anti-flood board to protect the interiors and exteriors of the infrastructure." EPJ Web of Conferences 180 (2018): 02083. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjconf/201818002083.
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This article deals with the development of an anti-flood board to protect the interior and exterior of various infrastructures, such a houses, cottages or industrial buildings. It was designed prototypes and assembled numerical simulations. In Central Europe and in particular in the Czech Republic, floods are an integral part of the natural water cycle and cause great loss of life and great property damage. The development of new types of mobile anti-flood boards is very important as the design solution is developed for flood protection with regard to minimizing weight, cost of production, easy manipulation, simplicity and speed of installation.
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Rogina-Car, Beti, and Stana Kovačević. "Natural leather car upholstery – characteristics and sewing challenges." Koža & obuća 68, no. 2 (2019): 34–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.34187/ko.68.2.6.
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This paper gives an overview of materials and specifics in production of upholstery for vehicles. Special attention has been paid to natural leather as one of the most luxurious materials for the manufacture of car interior upholstery materials. Its properties, advantages and disadvantages are compared with textile materials. The quality of suitable seams is one of the most challenging tasks in making upholstery. In this paper, special emphasis is placed on cutting and sewing natural leather used for making car interior upholstery. Natural leather is a specific natural material that gives a touch of luxury to car seats and interiors. Durability, high price and lower market offer of leather lead to its restricted use for car upholstery compared to textile materials; however, these reasons in particular make it extremely desirable at the same time. According to previous research, cutting and sewing of leather car upholstery require greater attention also when choosing the appropriate leather, sewing machine, thread, needle and seam type, which will give satisfactory properties of the car upholstery in all segments. The purpose of this paper is to contribute to professional knowledge and specifics related to natural leather, its use for car seats and the proper quality of the sewn seam.
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Rovelli, Carlo, and Francesca Vidotto. "Small Black/White Hole Stability and Dark Matter." Universe 4, no. 11 (November 17, 2018): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/universe4110127.
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We show that the expected lifetime of white holes formed as remnants of evaporated black holes is consistent with their production at reheating. We give a simple quantum description of these objects and argue that a quantum superposition of black and white holes with large interiors is stable, because it is protected by the existence of a minimal eigenvalue of the area, predicted by Loop Quantum Gravity. These two results support the hypothesis that a component of dark matter could be formed by small black hole remnants.
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Adão, Telmo, Luís Pádua, Pedro Marques, Joaquim João Sousa, Emanuel Peres, and Luís Magalhães. "Procedural Modeling of Buildings Composed of Arbitrarily-Shaped Floor-Plans: Background, Progress, Contributions and Challenges of a Methodology Oriented to Cultural Heritage." Computers 8, no. 2 (May 11, 2019): 38. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/computers8020038.
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Virtual models’ production is of high pertinence in research and business fields such as architecture, archeology, or video games, whose requirements might range between expeditious virtual building generation for extensively populating computer-based synthesized environments and hypothesis testing through digital reconstructions. There are some known approaches to achieve the production/reconstruction of virtual models, namely digital settlements and buildings. Manual modeling requires highly-skilled manpower and a considerable amount of time to achieve the desired digital contents, in a process composed by many stages that are typically repeated over time. Both image-based and range scanning approaches are more suitable for digital preservation of well-conserved structures. However, they usually require trained human resources to prepare field operations and manipulate expensive equipment (e.g., 3D scanners) and advanced software tools (e.g., photogrammetric applications). To tackle the issues presented by previous approaches, a class of cost-effective, efficient, and scarce-data-tolerant techniques/methods, known as procedural modeling, has been developed aiming at the semi- or fully-automatic production of virtual environments composed of hollow buildings exclusively represented by outer façades or traversable buildings with interiors, either for expeditious generation or reconstruction. Despite the many achievements of the existing procedural modeling approaches, the production of virtual buildings with both interiors and exteriors composed by non-rectangular shapes (convex or concave n-gons) at the floor-plan level is still seldomly addressed. Therefore, a methodology (and respective system) capable of semi-automatically producing ontology-based traversable buildings composed of arbitrarily-shaped floor-plans has been proposed and continuously developed, and is under analysis in this paper, along with its contributions towards the accomplishment of other virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR) projects/works oriented to digital applications for cultural heritage. Recent roof production-related enhancements resorting to the well-established straight skeleton approach are also addressed, as well as forthcoming challenges. The aim is to consolidate this procedural modeling methodology as a valuable computer graphics work and discuss its future directions.
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Wang, Yu, and Zhengding Liao. "Porcelain interior plastic of the 1950s in museums and private collections in China." Issues of Museology 12, no. 1 (2021): 58–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu27.2021.106.
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In the two decades since the establishment of the people’s Republic of China, the challenges facing porcelain production have changed significantly. Porcelain production is one of the most important and oldest traditions in China. In the 1950s, porcelain craftsmen became involved in the creation of new forms of interior plastics. Many of the pieces they created are now part of museum collections and represent the history of the development of Chinese interior porcelain. Using the example of three museums and three reference monuments, the article examines the key trends in the development of porcelain art and stylistic changes that occurred during this period. The following museums have been selected as examples to showcase the specifics of Chinese porcelain art from this period: the China Ceramic and Porcelain Museum located in Jingdezhen City, which is the country’s first major art museum specializing in ceramics; the Chinese Fine Arts Museum in Beijing, which specializes in collecting, researching and displaying works of Chinese artists of modern and contemporary eras; and the Guangdong Folk Art Museum, which specializes in collecting, researching and displaying Chinese folk art. All of these museums are engaged in collecting porcelain, including interior porcelain plastics from the mid-20th century. In the collections of the aforementioned museums, three works were selected for analysis. These are three paired compositions created in the second half of the 1950s: the sculpture “An Old Man and a Child with a Peach” by Zeng Longsheng, “Good Aunt from the Commune” by Zhou Guozhen and “Fifteen coins. The rat case” by Lin Hongxi. These porcelain compositions reveal close relations with Chinese national culture and not only reflect various scenes, but are also aimed at expanding the role of porcelain in decorating residential interiors.
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Wootton, Will. "Figuring out the facts: calculating mosaic labour times in 4th-c. A.D. Britain." Journal of Roman Archaeology 28 (2015): 261–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1047759415002482.
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In the study of the British countryside in the 4th c. A.D. villas have formed a central component. Their decoration features highly in the scholarship, the tessellated floors cited as evidence for the spending patterns and status claims of a wealthy élite. This élite’s desire to spend its surplus funds on lavish interiors created a “boom” in mosaic production, which some scholars have associated with a “flight of capital” from the Continent in the late 3rd c. or others simply with the increasing prosperity of landowners during the 4th c.
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Spaargaren, Rob J., Maxim D. Ballmer, Dan J. Bower, Caroline Dorn, and Paul J. Tackley. "The influence of bulk composition on the long-term interior-atmosphere evolution of terrestrial exoplanets." Astronomy & Astrophysics 643 (October 30, 2020): A44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202037632.
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Aims. The secondary atmospheres of terrestrial planets form and evolve as a consequence of interaction with the interior over geological time. We aim to quantify the influence of planetary bulk composition on the interior–atmosphere evolution for Earth-sized terrestrial planets to aid in the interpretation of future observations of terrestrial exoplanet atmospheres. Methods. We used a geochemical model to determine the major-element composition of planetary interiors (MgO, FeO, and SiO2) following the crystallization of a magma ocean after planet formation, predicting a compositional profile of the interior as an initial condition for our long-term thermal evolution model. Our 1D evolution model predicts the pressure–temperature structure of the interior, which we used to evaluate near-surface melt production and subsequent volatile outgassing. Volatiles are exchanged between the interior and atmosphere according to mass conservation. Results. Based on stellar compositions reported in the Hypatia catalog, we predict that about half of rocky exoplanets have a mantle that convects as a single layer (whole-mantle convection), and the other half exhibit double-layered convection due to the presence of a mid-mantle compositional boundary. Double-layered convection is more likely for planets with high bulk planetary Fe-content and low Mg/Si-ratio. We find that planets with low Mg/Si-ratio tend to cool slowly because their mantle viscosity is high. Accordingly, low-Mg/Si planets also tend to lose volatiles swiftly through extensive melting. Moreover, the dynamic regime of the lithosphere (plate tectonics vs. stagnant lid) has a first-order influence on the thermal evolution and volatile cycling. These results suggest that the composition of terrestrial exoplanetary atmospheres can provide information on the dynamic regime of the lithosphere and the thermo-chemical evolution of the interior.
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Melnyk, Liudmyla, Olena Kyzymchuk, and Liudmyla Zubkova. "Ukrainian Folk Ornaments in Modern Knitting." TEKSTILEC 64, no. 2 (March 27, 2021): 84–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.14502/tekstilec2021.64.84-95.
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National arts and crafts are not only the skills of an individual nation but an ethnic phenomenon that has unique features and serves as a source of information on national history and culture. Decorative and applied art in Ukraine combines the traditions and techniques of manufacturing and decoration, which have been developed and passed down from generation to generation. It has a clear national identity and numerous regional differ¬ences in ornamental motifs, compositions and favourite colours. Therefore, the Ukrainian folk art has a significant potential and is a source of ideas in creating modern clothing as well as interior items. Embroidery as a way of creating ornamental motifs on a textile material using various techniques is a common process for decorating clothes and interiors for the Ukrainians. Today, ornamental compositions of embroidered folk textiles could be transmitted into modern clothes using various technologies. However, the use of a knitting machine allows creating a pattern during the item production. The ornament transformation into a pattern for knitting can be carried out with graphic software by creating a grid with a cell size similar to the loop size of a knitted structure for corresponding interlooping. A number of clothing and interior items with ethnic motifs was created using the capabilities of flat knitting machines within the masters programme “Knitting Technology and Design” at the Textile Technology and Design Department of the Kyiv National University of Technologies and Design.
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Ayala, Adrián, Ilidio Lopes, Antonio García Hernández, Juan Carlos Suárez, and Íñigo Muñoz Elorza. "Constraining dark photon properties with Asteroseismology." Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 491, no. 1 (October 30, 2019): 409–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3002.
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ABSTRACT Dark photons are particles invoked in some extensions of the Standard Model that could account for at least part of the dark matter content of the Universe. It has been proposed that the production of dark photons in stellar interiors could happen at a rate that depends on both, the dark photon mass and its coupling to Standard Model particles (the kinetic mixing parameter χ). In this work, we aim at exploring the impact of dark photon productions in the stellar core of solar mass red giant branch (RGB) stars during late evolutionary phases. We demonstrate that near the so-called RGB bump, dark photons production may be an energy sink for the star sufficiently significative to modify the extension of the star convective zones. We show that Asteroseismology is able to detect such variations in the structure, allowing us to predict an upper limit of $\rm 900\ eV$ and 5 × 10−15 for the mass and kinetic mixing of the dark photons, respectively. We also demonstrate that additional constraints can be derived from the fact that dark photons increase the luminosity of the RGB tip over the current observational uncertainties. This work thus paves the way for an empirical approach to deepen the study of such dark matter particles.
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Titus, Robert. "Clinal variation, heterochrony, and facies in the Trentonian Sowerbyella Lineage (Ordovician, New York State)." Journal of Paleontology 66, no. 5 (September 1992): 758–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022336000020783.
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Clinal variation is systematic, morphologic variation within a species along a geographic or ecologic gradient. While common among today's biotas, it has rarely been well documented in the fossil record. It is, however, clearly displayed among the large populations of the Trentonian brachiopod genus Sowerbyella. In general, shallow agitated waters were populated by specimens with flat or round pedicle valve exteriors and ornately sculptured brachial valve interiors. Deeper, quieter facies were populated by forms with medial folds on pedicle valve exteriors and plain brachial valve interiors. This clinal variation was apparently the product of heterochrony with either the shallow-water forms having been peramorphic or the deeper water forms having been paedomorphic.The distributions of the Sowerbyella clines are directly related to the facies developed within approximately eight million years of continuously deposited strata of the Trenton Limestone. Evolution of the Trentonian species of Sowerbyella appears to have been phyletic and locally adaptive. New clinal variants evolved by orthoselection during episodes when new environments were becoming available for occupation. The lower Trentonian transgression and the middle Trentonian shallowing were the major examples. Some clinal variants were eliminated when they failed to pass through facies bottlenecks in the lower and upper Trentonian. Thus, the history of the Sowerbyella lineage of the Trenton Group is the product of the facies-controlled production and selection of clinal variants. Clinal variation appears to be a central factor of phyletic evolution.Sowerbyella kayi n. sp. is described.
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Morton, A. J., and DG Sargood. "Thermonuclear Reaction Rates for Reactions Leading to N = 28 Nuclei." Australian Journal of Physics 48, no. 1 (1995): 125. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ph950125.
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Nuclear reaction cross sections derived from statistical-model calculations have been used in the calculation of thermonuclear reaction rates for 36 nuclei at temperatures that are representative of the interiors of evolving stars and supernovae as nucleosynthesis approaches the production of nuclei with N = 28. The statistical-model calculations used optical-model parameters in the particle channels which had been selected to give the best overall agreement between theoretical and experimental cross sections for reactions on stable target nuclei in the mass and energy ranges of importance for the stellar conditions of interest. The optical-model parameters used, and the stellar reaction rates obtained, are tabulated. Comparisons are made between these stellar rates and those from other statistical-model calculations in the literature.
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FAN, FA-TI, and JOHN MATHEW. "Negotiating natural history in transitional China and British India." BJHS Themes 1 (2016): 43–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bjt.2016.6.
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AbstractThis article examines scientific developments in China and India by comparing and contrasting the enterprises of natural history during the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. From this perspective, the cases of China and India shared some similarities, but also exhibited important differences with respect to the conditions, ideologies, personnel, processes and strategies in scientific development. Two very large countries, with much left unexplored, attracted broad scientific interest in their flora and fauna from the early modern period; the interest intensified in the nineteenth century because of increasing accessibility to their interiors. However, the different historical situations that involved empire, nation, professionalization, geography and domestic and international politics helped shape the respective trajectories of scientific development in the two countries. Yet, despite their differences, China and India shared important similarities in the co-production of science and state, the global hierarchy of knowledge production, and the coloniality of power relations. This historical complexity also represented an important aspect of the global history of science, one that still bears poignancy and resonance in the contemporary world.
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Pohl, Paulina. "Filmowe asamblaże. Analiza stylu wizualnego Wesa Andersona." Panoptikum, no. 19 (June 30, 2018): 159–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.26881/pan.2018.19.11.
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Within the last 15 years, Wes Anderson has become one of the most recognizable American directors. From his debut Bottle Rocket to his last movie Isle of Dogs, he has built a specific world full of quirky characters, fancy items, all engulfed in a particularly idiosyncratic visual style. The article tries to point out that the dominance of Anderson’s cinema is precisely his visual style and creation of a cinematic space. The visual perspective seems to be the most suitable and, at the same time, prolific to analyse his filmography. The article investigates Anderson’s way of building mise-en-scène. How does he use symmetrical frames, closed composition, or scenographic elements, what is the point of all this hassle? However, the most essential angle is strictly connected to production studies – creating space in pre-production (break-downs, storyboards, location hunting), which defines the style of Anderson. The article traces differences between production and design in his feature films and the animated Fantastic Mr Fox and Isle of Dogs. Seeking hyper realistic locations, spending most of the budget on authentic World War II ships or simply adapting interiors – those cases will help to dwell in the cinematic mind of the American director. Finally, the paper tries to prove that analysing the production side can tell us a huge amount about Anderson’s visual style and world-building.
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D'Angelo, Sammya A., Ana C. S. Andrade, Susan G. Laurance, William F. Laurance, and Rita C. G. Mesquita. "Inferred causes of tree mortality in fragmented and intact Amazonian forests." Journal of Tropical Ecology 20, no. 2 (March 2004): 243–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403001032.
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In fragmented tropical landscapes, among the most pervasive causes of ecological change are edge effects – diverse ecological alterations associated with the abrupt, artificial boundaries of forest fragments (Laurance & Bierregaard 1997, Lovejoy et al. 1986, Turner 1996). A striking edge effect in fragmented Amazonian forests is chronically elevated tree mortality (Ferreira & Laurance 1997, Laurance et al. 1998a). Large (> 60 cm diameter) trees are especially vulnerable to fragmentation, dying three times faster within 300 m of edges than in forest interiors (Laurance et al. 2000). Elevated tree mortality alters canopy-gap dynamics, promotes a proliferation of disturbance-adapted successional species (Laurance et al. 1998b), reduces above-ground biomass (Laurance et al. 1997), and accelerates litter production (Didham & Lawton 1999, Sizer et al. 2000) and carbon cycling (Nascimento & Laurance, in press).
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Polyakov, E. N., and T. V. Donchuk. "HECTOR GUIMARD’S WORKS AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20th CENTURY." Vestnik Tomskogo gosudarstvennogo arkhitekturno-stroitel'nogo universiteta. JOURNAL of Construction and Architecture, no. 6 (December 29, 2019): 9–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.31675/1607-1859-2019-21-6-9-29.
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The article is devoted to the second stage of architectural and design activity of Hector (Hector) Guimar (1867–1942), during which his unique style was finally formed. During the period from 1900 to 1912, following the traditions of «total design», the architect was engaged not only in the design of residential and public buildings, but also in the decorative design of their facades and interiors, furniture, tableware, elements of technical equipment. He compiled a catalog of metal decorative elements for their serial production, published a set of advertising cards of his best works. The most well-known architectural designs are made in Guimard’s style, such as the house Jassede at Versailles (1903), Hotel Deron-Levent (1907), Castel d’Orgeval (1904–1905), Villa Surprise (1903-1907), Hôtel Guimard (1909–1912), Hôtel Mez-zara (1910–1911).
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Puddu, Sabrina, and Francesco Zuddas. "Cities and science parks: the urban experience of 22@Barcelona." TERRITORIO, no. 64 (February 2013): 145–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2013-064024.
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Processes involved in the production of knowledge have long been exiled to the interiors of extra-urban science parks. In recent times, the emergence of a new conception of knowledge as an open resource and of innovation as a non-linear and iterative process has stimulated a rethink of urban space as an alternative environment to the standard ‘islands of innovation'. The planning challenges that this involves for urban space result from the need to open up innovation processes to broader layers of urban society, while at the same time maintaining the operational closed nature of science parks. This paper examines the spatial structure that emerged from the meeting of the needs of a city - Barcelona - to attract high-tech innovative companies with the major urban regeneration project 22@ Bcn, discussed here as an attempt to create an new generation district for innovation.
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Fernández Cruces, Ainoa, Goreti Sousa, Paulo Guerreiro, and Mariana Correia. "The Contribution of the Architect Pascuala Campos to the Implementation of a Gender Perspective in the Galician Context." Arts 9, no. 3 (July 9, 2020): 76. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/arts9030076.
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The incorporation of women in society, as active professionals, was probably one of the most important parameters of modernity in the last century. Until the beginning of the twentieth century, women who entered the world of architecture were, generally, assigned to the design of domestic interiors. Thus, they were always in the background, which contributed to the concealment of the female gender perspective in architecture and an incomplete vision of its history. The general purpose of this article is to address the implicit problematic of the female contribution to architecture, through a theoretical reflection that aims at recognizing the relevant impact of Pascuala Campos’s work to the discipline in Galicia, Spain. The Spanish social and architectonic contexts, as well as the biography of Pascuala Campos, are analyzed to better understand her theoretical and architectonic production. The analysis combines data from different sources, mainly documental research, interviews, and architectonic surveys. The basic principles stressed in the theoretical production of Pascuala Campos are thus identified and served as analytic categories for the survey of the Combarro Urban Intervention. These results allowed the identification of concepts and projected guidelines interpreted as gender perspective-oriented.
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Primas, Francesca. "Beryllium and boron in metal-poor stars." Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union 5, S268 (November 2009): 221–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1743921310004163.
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AbstractKnowledge of lithium, beryllium, and boron abundances in stars of the Galactic halo and disk plays a major role in our understanding of Big Bang nucleosynthesis, cosmic-ray physics, and stellar interiors. 9Be and 10B are believed to originate entirely from spallation reactions in the interstellar medium (ISM) between α-particles and protons and heavy nuclei like carbon, nitrogen, and oxygen (CNO), whereas 11B may have an extra production channel via neutrino-spallation. Beryllium and boron are both observationally challenging, with their main resonant doublets falling respectively at 313 nm and at 250 nm. The advent of 8-10m class telescopes equipped with highly sensitive (in the near-UV/blue) spectrographs has opened up a new era of Be abundance studies. Here, I will review and discuss the most interesting results of recent observational campaigns in terms of formation and evolution of these two light elements.
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Haselswerdt, Ella. "THE SEMIOTICS OF THE SOUL IN ANCIENT MEDICAL DREAM INTERPRETATION: PERCEPTION AND THE POETICS OF DREAM PRODUCTION IN HIPPOCRATES’ ON REGIMEN." Ramus 48, no. 01 (June 2019): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rmu.2019.8.
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In the medical practice of Asclepian dream incubation, dreams offered a conduit through which the divine power of the healing god could be visited upon an ailing suppliant. This practice was enough of a part of everyday life in fifth-century Athens that it achieved the dubious honor of an extended parody in Aristophanes’ Plutus. An extensive inscriptional record suggests that it continued to flourish for many centuries. But there was another type of dream employed in ancient Greek and Roman medical practice, with a much scanter trail of evidence. These dreams had endogenous, physiological origins and provided information about the internal disposition of the body not by divine intervention, but by some manner of inward perception on the part of the patient. With the rising interest in observational methodology in the fith century, opsis, and ideally autopsy, became the basis on which scientific knowledge was produced and elaborated. Taboos against physically opening the human body, in life as well as in death, prevented physicians from directly observing their patients’ interiors. The visions of dreams, then, could potentially provide doctors with a uniquely valuable diagnostic tool: genuine access to the observation of a body's internal condition, albeit in a strange, mediated form.
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Kelly, C. J., D. A. Schneider, M. È. Lajoie, S. E. Jackson, and C. R. McFarlane. "U–Pb geochronology and trace element composition of zircon from the Horseshoe Lake greenstone belt, Superior Province, Canada: implications for the tectonic and metamorphic history." Canadian Journal of Earth Sciences 55, no. 2 (February 2018): 172–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjes-2017-0079.
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Depth profile techniques for U–Pb geochronology and rare earth element (REE) geochemistry were conducted on unpolished, Archean zircon with metasomatic rims from metasedimentary rocks within the Horseshoe Lake greenstone belt, western Superior Province, Canada. These zircon crystals are shown to have isotopically distinct rims (typically <5 μm thick) compared with the interiors of the crystal. Secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) U–Pb depth profile analyses of the rims define two different 207Pb/206Pb age populations at ca. 2920 and 2869 Ma, which are >100 million years younger than the cores. The 207Pb/206Pb rim ages can be temporally correlated with regional magmatism and with a later, potentially Au-bearing, hydrothermal event synchronous with greenschist-facies metamorphism and regional deformation. Notably, the zircons do not record evidence of local ca. 2741–2715 Ma magmatism manifested by the emplacement of a quartz–feldspar porphyry dike swarm. Laser ablation – inductively coupled plasma – mass spectrometry (LA–ICP–MS) REE depth profile analyses on the same unpolished zircon show that the rims are commonly characterized by low Th/U ratios, elevated Hf, and variable REE concentrations in comparison with the interior of the grains. The variations in rim and core chemistry suggest that these elements, along with common Pb, were mobilized by fluids and interacted with zircon in the metasediments, resulting in the production of the metasomatic rims. In summary, this paper shows that depth profiling techniques applied to unpolished zircon can be useful to elucidate the tectonic, and potentially metallogenic, history of a complex Archean terrane.
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Gingichashvili, Sarah, Danielle Duanis-Assaf, Moshe Shemesh, John D. B. Featherstone, Osnat Feuerstein, and Doron Steinberg. "The Adaptive Morphology of Bacillus subtilis Biofilms: A Defense Mechanism against Bacterial Starvation." Microorganisms 8, no. 1 (December 30, 2019): 62. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms8010062.
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Biofilms are commonly defined as accumulations of microbes, embedded in a self-secreted, polysaccharide-rich extra-cellular matrix. This study aimed to characterize specific morphological changes that occur in Bacillus subtilis biofilms under nutrient-limiting growth conditions. Under varying levels of nutrient depletion, colony-type biofilms were found to exhibit different rates of spatial expansion and green fluorescent protein production. Specifically, colony-type biofilms grown on media with decreased lysogeny broth content exhibited increased spatial expansion and more stable GFP production over the entire growth period. By modeling the surface morphology of colony-type biofilms using confocal and multiphoton microscopy, we analyzed the appearance of distinctive folds or “wrinkles” that form as a result of lysogeny broth content reduction in the solid agar growth media. When subjected to varying nutritional conditions, the channel-like folds were shown to alter their morphology; growth on nutrient-depleted media was found to trigger the formation of large and straight wrinkles connecting the colony core to its periphery. To test a possible functional role of the formed channels, a fluorescent analogue of glucose was used to demonstrate preferential native uptake of the molecules into the channels’ interiors which supports their possible role in the transport of molecules throughout biofilm structures.
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Laurance, William F., Judy M. Rankin-de Merona, Ana Andrade, Susan G. Laurance, Sammya D'Angelo, Thomas E. Lovejoy, and Heraldo L. Vasconcelos. "Rain-forest fragmentation and the phenology of Amazonian tree communities." Journal of Tropical Ecology 19, no. 3 (April 28, 2003): 343–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467403003389.
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Habitat fragmentation affects the ecology of tropical rain forests in many ways, such as reducing species diversity of many taxa (Laurance et al. 2002, Lovejoy et al. 1986) and increasing rates of tree mortality and canopy-gap formation near forest edges (Laurance et al. 1997, 1998, 2001). Such obvious alterations have been documented in many fragmented forests, but more subtle changes, such as those affecting plant phenology (the timing and frequency of flower, fruit and leaf production), have received far less attention. Adler & Kiepinski (2000) showed that different populations of the successional tree Spondias mombin on small man-made islands in Panama had highly synchronous flowering and fruiting. In montane forests in Colombia, Restrepo et al. (1999) demonstrated that under-storey fruit abundance was consistently increased over time near forest edges relative to forest interiors. Beyond these and a few other studies (Ackerly et al. 1990, Nason & Hamrick 1997), however, the effects of fragmentation on plant phenology have been inadequately assessed, especially in the tropics.
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McConnell, Michael D., David Lowry, Troy N. Rowan, Karin van Dijk, and Kevin E. Redding. "Purification and photobiochemical profile of photosystem 1 from a high-salt tolerant, oleaginous Chlorella (Trebouxiophycaea, Chlorophyta)." Biochemistry and Cell Biology 93, no. 3 (June 2015): 199–209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/bcb-2014-0144.
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The eukaryotic green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii has been studied extensively within the biofuel industry as a model organism, as researchers look towards algae to provide chemical feedstocks (i.e., lipids) for the production of liquid transportation fuels. C. reinhardtii, however, is unsuitable for high-level production of such precursors due to its relatively poor lipid accumulation and fresh-water demand. In this study we offer insight into the primary light harvesting and electron transfer reactions that occur during phototropic growth in a high-salt tolerant strain of Chlorella (a novel strain introduced here as NE1401), a single-celled eukaryotic algae also in the phylum Chlorophyta. Under nutrient starvation many eukaryotic algae increase dramatically the amount of lipids stored in lipid bodies within their cell interiors. Microscopy and lipid analyses indicate that Chlorella sp. NE1401 may become a superior candidate for algal biofuels production. We have purified highly active Photosystem 1 (PS1) complexes to study in vitro, so that we may understand further the photobiochemisty of this promising biofuel producer and how its characteristics compare and contrast with that of the better understood C. reinhardtii. Our findings suggest that the PS1 complex from Chlorella sp. NE1401 demonstrates similar characteristics to that of C. reinhardtii with respect to light-harvesting and electron transfer reactions. We also illustrate that the relative extent of the light state transition performed by Chlorella sp. NE1401 is smaller compared to C. reinhardtii, although they are triggered by the same dynamic light stresses.
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Sahney, Puja. "Producing Sacred Space in Secular Kitchens: South Asian Immigrant Women’s Hindu Shrines in American Domestic Architecture." Special Issue - Storied Spaces: Renewing Folkloristic Perspectives on Vernacular Architecture 90-91 (April 29, 2021): 24–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1076796ar.
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This paper demonstrates the processes of spatial production achieved through the setup of a home shrine by newly arrived Hindu immigrant women inside American houses, particularly the kitchens. By focusing on the home shrine, the paper uses a gendered lens through which to understand vernacular architecture, since women often garner greater control over domestic objects and interiors than they do over construction of buildings. I propose that production of sacred space, achieved through domestic objects like home shrines, is a fluid process. Its location in the house can be more easily changed from one place to another. Compared to the permanent construction of buildings, this compliancy of form may appear less concrete for providing objective architectural analysis. However, I suggest that it is the opposite. The flexibility involved in women’s production process makes room for greater spatial negotiation and demonstrates the diversity of ways concrete domestic architecture is maneuvered to satisfy women’s religious needs over time. Further, the paper demonstrates the wide array of complex decisions that women have to make regarding body movements in the house and worship practices, achieved through material intervention, that speak of domestic architecture in less static and more dynamic ways. By tracing women’s experiences with domestic architecture as new arrivals in the country, and later, as permanent residents, the paper foregrounds women’s strong architectural contributions through the use of domestic objects that enable a gendered and consequently a more inclusive approach to the study of architectural space.
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Tyler, Linda. "Shoulderpads and shagpile: architectural referencing in the television series Gloss." Architectural History Aotearoa 6 (October 30, 2009): 86–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.26686/aha.v6i.6757.
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Before Television New Zealand closed its drama department in 1988 and production became outsourced, 55 episodes of the memorable series Gloss had been made at in the Browns Bay sound studio in Auckland. Screening between 1987 and 1990, the series was based on the experiences of writer Rosemary McLeod's years in the internecine world of women's magazines. Revolving around the machinations of fictional magazine editor and high priestess of fashion Maxine Redfern and her dynastic family, the series deployed architectural detail as readily as it did Liz Mitchell's costume designs in order to evoke an era of conspicuous consumption. Sumptuous production designs characterised the sets, with the interiors of the offices of the fictional magazine Gloss itself remarkable for their evocation of glamour and glitz. Domestic spaces inhabited by the extraordinary characters also conveyed materialism and superficiality through furnishings and design, doing much to contribute to characterisation of Aucklanders as immoral show-offs with poor value systems. The trappings of success in a materialistic world included the worst features of postmodern architecture, it would seem. As the title song for the series went, “It's the gilt off the gingerbread/The icing on the cake/It's monuments and mirrorglass/The city's on the make/Devil take the hindmost/So no one counts the cost/Such a sweet seduction/Glosssssssss."
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Santesmases, María Jesús. "Standard Making in Cytogenetics: the Manufacture, Circulation and Reproduction of Chromosome Images." HoST - Journal of History of Science and Technology 14, no. 1 (June 1, 2020): 52–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/host-2020-0004.
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AbstractThe first reliable pattern of the human chromosome set was manufactured between the late 1950s and early 1960s. This paper will account for the historical background of such reliability, of the production of a reference, an image, the schematic figure – the ideogram – that represented what would from then on be held in the minds of medical practitioners and laboratory scientists of human cytogenetics as the cytological identity of being human. Human genetics as a history of images and the skills of drawing, making photo(micro) graphs and diagrams, developed through a reference drawn on the basis of the consensus reached by a small group of early human cytogeneticists in Denver in 1960. Schemes and idealizations, as well as the fully realistic transposition of the contours and interiors of each chromosome, participated in the emergence of a particular, specific and enduring way of representing the tiny parts of the cell where division began, and accounting for both the forms and function of chromosomes at the origins of medical genetics.
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Sullivan, Denis J. "Pulsating white dwarfs as astrophysical tools." International Astronomical Union Colloquium 193 (2004): 212–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0252921100010642.
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AbstractThe study of pulsating white dwarfs is a scientifically productive exercise as their measured pulsation characteristics yield both unique data on their interiors and also shed light on more general astrophysical questions. The modelling process is simplified due to their assumed chemically homogeneous and layered structures. As well as being archaeological remnants of their nuclear burning progenitors, white dwarfs are cosmic laboratories that can provide some observational constraints on theories of matter in regions of phase space that are unattainable in laboratories on Earth. The hotter white dwarfs should feature neutrino production by several unusual weak interaction processes, while their cooler cousins should exhibit core crystallization. White dwarf pulsators are very stable in period (if not always in amplitude) and suitable objects can be used as sensitive orbiting clocks in a search for stellar companions, including those of planetary size. Finally, the ensemble of cooling white dwarfs can be used as an independent cosmic chronometer over very long timescales if the cooling curve is properly calibrated. The pulsators make important contributions in this regard.
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Oczko, Piotr. "The Scripture on Tiles: Dutch Tiles as an Example of the Biblical Culture of Everyday in the Republic." Werkwinkel 10, no. 2 (November 1, 2015): 67–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/werk-2015-0012.
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Abstract The history of Dutch tiles started in the sixteenth century Antwerp in the workshops of the Italian potters who had settled in the city upon the Scheldt. Due to the political and social factors (i.e. huge wave of refugees during the Dutch Revolt), tile production was moved to the Northern Netherlands, where it was fully developed and the offer of the Republic’s tile works began to enjoy greatest fame and a huge commercial success all over Europe. The given article deals mostly with Dutch tiles representing the biblical scenes (bijbeltegels) and discusses their numerous contexts, such as confessional and social background, iconographical origin of their designs (engravings, illustrated Bibles, stencils), the taste and status of the potential buyers. Moreover, the artistic and cultural phenomenon of Dutch biblical tiles has been interpreted in terms of a much wider tradition, namely the ‘biblicisation’ of everyday life in the Dutch Republic and its interiors. Finally, the issue of Dutch tiles, being the symbols of the national cultural tradition, has been brought up.
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Fiala, Ctislav, Jaroslav Hejl, Vlastimil Bílek, Jan Růžička, Tomáš Vlach, Magdaléna Novotná, and Petr Hájek. "Experimental Verification of Subtle Frame Components Prototypes from High Performance Concrete for Energy Efficient Buildings." Solid State Phenomena 249 (April 2016): 301–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/ssp.249.301.
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Mechanical properties of high performance concrete (HPC) enable design of subtle structural elements. Subtle HPC frame concept comes from the effort to integrate load bearing elements into building envelope in order to reduce risks of thermal bridges. Substantial advantages of subtle structural elements are material and energy savings during production, transportation, manipulation and assembling. Paper presents preparation and implementation of construction of experimental frame at University Centre UCEEB in Buštěhrad. Individual structural elements were made in prefa plant ŽPSV a.s. in Litice nad Orlicí. Construction of frame prototype is the result of long term research when the vertical and horizontal structural elements and their connections were successively designed and experimentally verified. This article shows experimental results of horizontal load bearing structures - floor panels and beams - in detail. Samples were tested by four-point bending test and also creep of floor panels was measured. Accomplished calculations, experimental verification and analysis have showed that subtle HPC frame is the effective solution from reliability aspects as well as from environmental and economical parameters. Minimal columns cross sections enable their complete implementation into building envelope and they also contribute to high quality architectonic solution of buildings interiors.
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Wilson, L., and J. W. Head. "Heat transfer in volcano–ice interactions on Earth." Annals of Glaciology 45 (2007): 83–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.3189/172756407782282507.
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AbstractThe very high temperature contrast between magma/ lava and water ice commonly leads to the assumption that significant melting will take place immediately upon magma/ lava ice contact, yet observations of active flows show little evidence of voluminous melting upon contact. We use analytical thermal models to reassess the efficiency with which heat can be transferred from magma to ice in three situations: lava flows erupted on top of glacial ice, sill intrusions beneath glacial ice evolving into subglacial lava flows and dyke intrusions into the interiors of glaciers. We find that the maximum ratios of thickness of ice that can be melted to the thickness of magmatic heat source are likely to be ∽2–5 for subaerial lava flows encroaching onto glaciers, ∽6–7 for subglacial lava flows and ∽10 for dykes intruded into glacial ice. Rates of ice melt production are not linear functions of time and flow thickness, however, and this may account for the observations of minimal immediate water release from beneath advancing lava flows. Field observations during future eruptions should be directed at measuring the temperature of released water.
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Turlyun, L. N., and N. V. Frantseva. "TEXTILE ORNAMENT. EVOLUTION FROM BLOCK PRINTING TO COMPUTER TECHNOLOGIES." Arts education and science 1, no. 1 (2021): 157–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/hon.202101018.
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The article is devoted to technologies of pattern printing on fabric. It provides a historical overview of the development of printing techniques, examines the main stages of this process in terms of technology innovation and evolution of technical means. It also systematizes the information available in the literature about traditional methods and new technologies for pattern printing on textile, technical means for implementing these technologies. Such concepts as block printing, manner, machine printing, flat and roll printing, direct printing, transfer printing, digital printing, photo printing are revealed. The authors also touch upon the history of the art of handicraft printing in Russia, emphasizing that the first Russian masters to apply images on fabric were icon painters, who decorated church interiors with ornamental patterns and created drawings for handwritten books. It is noted that mechanization became an important stage in the development of Russian textile industry, which significantly increased the speed of fabric production and its artistic design. The article reviews the main types of modern fabric printing techniques, as well as graphic editors for creating patterns and drawings. Advantages and disadvantages of modern digital technologies on textile are discovered.
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Imboma, Titus S., De-ping Gao, Min-sheng You, Shijun You, and Gabor L. Lövei. "Predation Pressure in Tea (Camellia sinensis) Plantations in Southeastern China Measured by the Sentinel Prey Method." Insects 11, no. 4 (March 29, 2020): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/insects11040212.
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Tea (Camellia sinensis) is an important food product with thousands of years of human use. Being a non-washable food, no pesticide residues are allowed, which increases the importance of natural means of plant protection. Predation, a component of natural pest control, is an important contributor to this, but its level and sustainability are not known in most of the areas of tea production. We quantified predation intensity using the artificial sentinel prey method in a tea-growing landscape containing remnants of the original forest vegetation in Fujian Province, China. The most common predators were chewing arthropods (49.8% of predation events) and birds (48.1%). Overall, predation rates at the edges of forest fragments (18.9% d-1) were lower than either in fragment interiors (25.4%d−1) or in the surrounding tea plantations (19.2–24.1%d-1). Arthropod predation was higher inside, and at the edge of, forest fragments than within plantations, and generally decreased with increasing distance from a fragment edge, indicating limited spillover of arthropod predators from the native habitat remnants to the cultivated matrix at the local scale. Bird predation, though, showed a different trend: it was lower on the inside of forest fragments than in the tea planation, and bird attack rates increased at increasing distances (up to 40 m) from the forest fragment edge. We also found a reciprocal relationship between attack rates by birds and arthropods, suggesting intra-guild predation. Measures protecting arthropod natural enemies could increase the combined pest suppression effect, contributing to pesticide-free tea production in China.
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Bond, Howard E. "Close-Binary and Pulsating Central Stars." Symposium - International Astronomical Union 131 (1989): 251–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0074180900138446.
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As a result of photometric-monitoring studies, 7 planetary-nebula nuclei are now known to be binaries with orbital periods less than one day. These systems were probably produced via a common-envelope interaction, during which a wide pair was converted to a close binary surrounded by an ejected red-giant envelope. The frequency of occurrence of such close binaries among PNNs is about 10–15%, showing that binary-star interactions are a significant production mechanism for planetary nebulae. The descendants of close-binary PNNs are probably the cataclysmic variables. Two CVs surrounded by nebulae resembling old planetaries, 0623+71 and GK Per, may provide the most direct evidence for the origin of CVs through PN ejection. The observed birth rate for close-binary PNNs is more than an order of magnitude higher than for CVs, possibly indicating that our census of the CV population is very incomplete. The nucleus of K 1-16 is a member of the GW Vir class of extremely hot pulsating pre-white dwarfs, and the only one known to be surrounded by a PN. These objects offer exciting opportunities for direct measurement of evolutionary timescales and for seismological investigations of the interiors of PNNs and their immediate descendants.
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Marková, Iveta, Ivana Tureková, Jana Jaďuďová, and Emília Hroncová. "Analysis of Hygrothermal Microclimatic (HTM) Parameters in Specific Food Storage Environments in Slovakia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 6 (March 21, 2020): 2092. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17062092.
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The quality of work environment, temperature changes and humidity must be controlled in every production process and in the locations where employees are present. The aim of this paper is to objectively assess the exposure of employees to microclimatic factors of the workplace environment: the warehouse, changing rooms, office and cold room refrigerator. Data were obtained in real working conditions. The heat stress due to cold and heat exposure in the individual locations was evaluated using the WBGT (wet bulb globe temperature) indicator. The parameters of the hygrothermal microclimate (HTM) were objectified by a QUES Temp 44/46 T spherical thermometer. The measurements were performed both in cold and hot periods of the year. The measurements confirmed standard temperatures for individual types of interiors in the winter period, but in the summer period there was a variability of results, leading to the thermal discomfort of employees. The assessment of the WBGT index revealed that nearly 80% of employees are susceptible to hypothermia as a result of thermal stress conditions. It was proven that the temperatures measured by a spherical thermometer in the hottest room were 8.62% higher than the calculated operating temperature, while the difference in the cold room refrigerator was only 1.28% higher.