Journal articles: 'Production and transport systems'

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Wiesinger, H. "Astroglial transport systems related to second messenger production." Neurochemistry International 21 (January 1992): Q4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0197-0186(92)91798-2.

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Rohács, József, and Dániel Rohács. "TOTAL IMPACT EVALUATION OF TRANSPORTATION SYSTEMS." Transport 35, no. 2 (May 11, 2020): 193–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2020.12640.

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Impact assessment, in general, includes the environmental safety and security considerations, and cost/cost-benefit analysis of the used sources. As usual, the impact is evaluated at two levels: (1) impact during operation (usage) related to a chosen operational unit (e.g., running distance [km], operational time [h] or calendar time [h]), (2) the life-cycle (project life-cycle) impact. The environmental impact is characterized by the chemical and noise emissions. Safety and security are estimated by risks. Costs are calculated based on the required financial support and caused losses. All these calculations are related to the individual vehicles or vehicles with average behaviours. The investigation of sustainability impact requires a wider evaluation and approach, for example, by also including production and recycling beside the operational aspects. This paper generalizes the impact analysis. At first, it considers all types of impacts including the direct (e.g., accidents) and indirect long-term effects (e.g., health problems caused by emissions). All the impacts are expressed as costs. The defined Sustainable Transportation Performance Index (STPI) is the Total Life-Cycle Cost (TLCC) related to the unit of transport work. As such, it combines the life-cycle emissions evaluation and transport costing methods. It contains the total operational and total impact costs. The proposed approach introduces three new specific features in the impact analysis: (1) the impact is evaluated on the transportation system level, (2) the impact is estimated as the total value (including all the related sub-systems and elements, like vehicles, transport infrastructure, transport flow control, etc.), (3) proposes a unique index to describe the total impact. The paper describes the general equations and the developed methodology for the estimation of the total impact and analyses its applicability. The preliminary results demonstrate the applicability of the defined index and its evaluation methodology. It also shows the limitations of traditional cost models. Further test results and wider application of the methodology will be provided in a series of follow up papers by the research team.

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Kornilov, S., V. Lukjanov, and A. Antonov. "Efficiency increase of complex production and transport systems management." SHS Web of Conferences 35 (2017): 01100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20173501100.

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Claussnitzer, Henry. "Fully Autonomous Transport Systems Support Digitization in Automobile Production." ATZproduction worldwide 6, no. 3 (September 2019): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s38312-019-0035-6.

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SUGAMA, H., and W. HORTON. "Symmetries of and entropy production by transport in toroidal confinement systems." Journal of Plasma Physics 59, no. 4 (June 1998): 695–706. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022377898006576.

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A synthesized formulation of classical, neoclassical and anomalous transport in toroidal confinement systems with electromagnetic fluctuations and large mean flows is presented. The positive-definite entropy production rate and the conjugate flux–force pairs are rigorously defined for each transport process. The Onsager symmetries of the classical and neoclassical transport matrices are derived from the self-adjointness of the linearized collision operator. The linear gyrokinetic equation with given electromagnetic fluctuations determines the anomalous fluxes with the quasilinear anomalous transport matrix, which satisfies the Onsager symmetry.

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Praček, Stanislav. "Model for Yarn Transport Systems." Advanced Materials Research 601 (December 2012): 237–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.601.237.

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In textile production the yarn is being withdrawn from cross-wound packages in warping and weft insertion. During unwinding there appear forces in the yarn that are approximately proportional to the square of the unwinding velocity. During unwind the yarn tension is not constant, but it oscillates within some interval. This is especially noticeable in over-end unwinding from a static cross wound packages, where the yarn is being withdrawn with a high velocity in the direction of the package axis. Even when the yarn is not strongly stressed, so that the tension does not exceed a few percent of the breaking strength, the yarn still can break sometimes. This is why we think that a cross-wound package is not an ideal form of a package and that such packages are not always made without flaws.

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Agbiboa, Daniel E. "How Informal Transport Systems Drive African Cities." Current History 119, no. 817 (May 1, 2020): 175–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.2020.119.817.175.

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Kráľ, Ján, Ján Kráľ, Adrián Rjabušin, Lórant Harsányi, Kamil Madáč, and Jaroslav Melko. "Implementation of the Concorde Transport System in the Production." Applied Mechanics and Materials 683 (October 2014): 135–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.683.135.

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This article deals with toolpath analysis and optimization of CNC machines. There are many logistical programs used for searching of optimal toolpath between specified points. One of those logistical systems is CONCORDE. This system we have applied into CAD systems like Pro Engineer Creo E and CATIA V5. The results from comparision of each method used in mentioned CAD systems are presented in the end of this article.

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Homayouni, Seyed Mahdi, and Dalila B. M. M. Fontes. "Production and transport scheduling in flexible job shop manufacturing systems." Journal of Global Optimization 79, no. 2 (February 2021): 463–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10898-021-00992-6.

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Yilbas, Bekir Sami. "Entropy Production During Laser Picosecond Heating of Copper." Journal of Energy Resources Technology 124, no. 3 (August 6, 2002): 204–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1488173.

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Nonequilibrium energy transport taking place in the surface region of the metallic substrate due to laser short-pulse heating results in entropy production in electron and lattice systems. The entropy analysis gives insight into the irreversible processes taking place in this region during the laser short-pulse heating process. In the present study, entropy production during laser shortpulse heating of copper is considered. Equations governing the nonequilibrium energy transport are derived using an electron kinetic theory approach. The entropy equations due to electron and lattice systems and coupling of these systems are formulated. The governing equations of energy transport and entropy production are solved numerically. Two pulse shapes, namely step input intensity and exponential intensity, are employed in the analysis. It is found that entropy production due to coupling process attains higher values than those produced due to electron and lattice systems. The effect of pulse shape on the entropy production inside the substrate material is significant.

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Aulin, Viktor, Andrey Grinkiv, and Artem Holovatyi. "Cyberphysical Approach to the Creation, Operation and Improvement of Transport and Production Systems." Central Ukrainian Scientific Bulletin. Technical Sciences, no. 3(34) (October 2020): 331–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.32515/2664-262x.2020.3(34).331-343.

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The content of the cyberphysical approach to the creation, functioning and improvement of transport and production systems is analyzed. It was found out how, on the basis of the approach, cyberphysical transport and production systems are created as the integration of special technologies of the Internet of Things; embedded systems; ubiquitous and cloud computing. It was revealed that cyberphysical transport and production systems have a trinitarian concept and are defined by three entities: communication, computation and control, which unites information. It is determined that the main functions of cyberphysical transport and production systems are: information processing, intelligent communications, performance and process control. A component model of such a system has been built, which includes two groups of components - evolutionary and technological. The evolutionary group of components includes subsystems: digital; integrated; robotic, intelligent distributed. These components are a kind of basis for the presence of prerequisites for the creation of transport and production systems. It is noted that the technology group of components is the basis for concrete implementations of the Internet of Things, embedded systems and ubiquitous and cloud computing. A cyberphysical system of technical service is proposed as a specific implementation of cyberphysical transport and production systems. It was determined that the modes of the proposed functional cyber system are: high adaptability; an appropriate level of efficiency; intelligence of management; high level of reliability; the use of a new on-net online simulation type; using a new type of self-verifying models; internal online optimization, etc. It is shown that the presence of intelligent models in the cyberphysical model of technical service makes the system resistant to cyberattacks and increases the degree of safety when ensuring traffic in transport and the development of an occupational safety system during maintenance and repair operations.

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van Weel, P. A., G. A. Giacomelli, and K. C. Ting. "DESIGN PROCEDURE FOR INTEGRATED GREENHOUSE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS, WITH SPECIAL EMPHASIS ON INTERNAL TRANSPORT SYSTEMS." Acta Horticulturae, no. 295 (May 1991): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17660/actahortic.1991.295.22.

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Miroshin, D. G., and O. A. Rychagova. "THE APPLICATION OF FLEXIBLE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE PRODUCTION DIVERSIFICATION PROGRAM." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 281 (August 2020): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.08.pp.038-043.

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The problems of diversification of production in a market economics are discussed in this article. The method of organizing machine-building production in the conditions of expanding the range of products of the enterprise is confirmed in the article. The production structure of the machine-building enterprise and methods of manufacturing organization: the process organization and the product organization, which are typical for the machine-building production automation system, are analyzed in the article. The process and result of developing a flexible manufacturing system, that is used to diversify production, its structure, main equipment, and transport system are described in the article. The structural scheme of the organization of a flexible production cell in the structure of a manufacturing system is given. The applied technological equipment, devices, systems and the process of its functioning are described. Technological capabilities of the equipment and transport system from a perspective of production diversification are given. The economic aspects and indicators of flexible manufacturing cells in a growing range of products under diversification are considered in the article.

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Miroshin, D. G., and O. A. Rychagova. "THE APPLICATION OF FLEXIBLE PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE PRODUCTION DIVERSIFICATION PROGRAM." Spravochnik. Inzhenernyi zhurnal, no. 281 (August 2020): 38–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.14489/hb.2020.08.pp.038-043.

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The problems of diversification of production in a market economics are discussed in this article. The method of organizing machine-building production in the conditions of expanding the range of products of the enterprise is confirmed in the article. The production structure of the machine-building enterprise and methods of manufacturing organization: the process organization and the product organization, which are typical for the machine-building production automation system, are analyzed in the article. The process and result of developing a flexible manufacturing system, that is used to diversify production, its structure, main equipment, and transport system are described in the article. The structural scheme of the organization of a flexible production cell in the structure of a manufacturing system is given. The applied technological equipment, devices, systems and the process of its functioning are described. Technological capabilities of the equipment and transport system from a perspective of production diversification are given. The economic aspects and indicators of flexible manufacturing cells in a growing range of products under diversification are considered in the article.

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Chaieb, I., and O. Korbaa. "Intra-cell machine layout associated with flexible production and transport systems." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 217, no. 7 (July 2003): 883–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544050360686770.

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Krä, Michaela, Sebastian Hörbrand, and Johannes Schilp. "Dynamic production control for flexibility in Cyber-Physical Production Systems using an autonomous transport system." Procedia CIRP 81 (2019): 1160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.procir.2019.03.285.

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Popova, Irina M., Sergey V. Timofeev, and Igor K. Danilov. "Application of intelligent systems in transport." RUDN Journal of Engineering Researches 20, no. 3 (December 15, 2019): 236–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-8143-2019-20-3-236-243.

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The article discusses the application of intelligent transport systems for railway transport. The purpose of developing intelligent transport systems on railway transport is to strictly comply with the requirements for ensuring transport safety, reducing the level of environmental impact, significantly improving the efficiency of production activities. The software makes automatic accounting, control and analysis of fuel and energy resources consumption on the basis of the obtained data. At the same time, the dynamics of changes in fuel consumption indicators, actual and estimated costs of diesel fuel are visually reflected in real time on the monitor screen. If necessary, the system will help to identify the reasons for non-matching of these parameters and quickly contact the locomotive team to provide qualified assistance in their elimination. It is important that the hardware structure and the structure of the system software expand functionality, providing continuous operation and repair work, increasing the number of measured parameters, creating a closed fuel consumption control system in a locomotive economy. The use of these systems makes it possible to obtain an integrated assessment of the heat engineering condition of a locomotive with further scientifically substantiated correction of overhaul runs, to control its location and solve many other problems, which contributes to an increase in overhaul runs and the operational life of the locomotive.

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Panaitescu, Mariana, Gabriela Simona Dumitrescu, and Andrei Alexandru Scupi. "Sustainable Pneumatic Transport Systems of Cereals." International Journal of Energy and Environment 15 (March 24, 2021): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.46300/91012.2021.15.4.

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Technological pneumatic transport installations are designed to move materials from one place to another in various phases of the production process. For example: loadingunloading materials (cereals) using rail and marine transport, air tunnel container transport, supplying combustion installations with burning coal dust. The main parameter in pneumatic transport installations is the velocity of air. For the regime of motion with material particles in suspension, for a given flow material, the higher the velocity is the greater the pressure loss will be and thus the energy consumption for transportation will increase. In horizontal pipes at the beginning of motion flow we have a compact regime, and then due to decrease air velocity a continuous layer regime is forming. This is the apparent motion in wich the pressure losses increase with the decrease of velocity. By reducing the air velocity the thickness of the deposited material increases and the real air passage section decreases and therefore the real air velocity increases, which explains the increase in pressure loss. In vertical pipes if the air velocity decreases below the lower limit of volant transport, after a critical area of instability, a transportation fluidized bed is established, the pressure losses being much larger than the particles in suspension mode. If the velocity further decreases the particles can not be entrained in the air.

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Šarga, Patrik, and Tomáš Záboly. "MODERNIZATION OF THE TRANSPORT SYSTEM CONTROL OF THE PRODUCTION SYSTEM." TECHNICAL SCIENCES AND TECHNOLOGIES, no. 4(18) (2019): 141–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.25140/2411-5363-2019-4(18)-141-147.

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Urgency of the research. Nowadays, it is crucial to keep up with modern technologies. Therefore, this work aims to modernize the production system Festo MPS 500. Thanks to this, it will be possible to apply to the system technologies meeting the latest trends in Industry 4.0. The MPS 500 system prepared in this way can be used to research new trends in accordance with Industry 4.0. The modernized MPS 500 system will also find use in the education of students in the field of automation and mechatronics so that they are sufficiently prepared for practice. Target setting. The goal of the research was to modernize the transport system of the modular production system Festo MPS 500 according to Industry 4.0 platform. Actual scientific researches and issues analysis. When upgrading the system MPS 500 and preparing this paper, we took into account both current sources – publications and papers dealing with the current state of Industry 4.0 and modular production systems as well as existing modular production systems based on Industry 4.0 platform. Uninvestigated parts of general matters defining. At this stage of the research, data acquisition from the system MPS 500 and interconnection with the cloud was not realized. The research objective. The purpose of this article is to modernize the MPS 500, which will allow focusing on Industry 4.0 research specifically for the deployment of Cyber-physical systems, Internet of Things, Big Data, Cloud Computing. The statement of basic materials. Effective research of the new technologies in the industry requires to use modern systems which meet the criteria of Industry 4.0 platform. So the original system Festo MTS 500 was upgraded by systems from Siemens. Conclusions. The main aim of this work was to modernize the transport system of the production system MPS 500. Elements of the system management were changed, and a new control program was created in the TIA Portal environment. The functionality of the MPS 500 was subsequently verified, where the full functionality of the system was confirmed. It makes the MPS 500 ready for further expansion in accordance with Industry 4.0.

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Hobbs, Bruce E., and Alison Ord. "The mechanics of granitoid systems and maximum entropy production rates." Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 368, no. 1910 (January 13, 2010): 53–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2009.0202.

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A model for the formation of granitoid systems is developed involving melt production spatially below a rising isotherm that defines melt initiation. Production of the melt volumes necessary to form granitoid complexes within 10 4 –10 7 years demands control of the isotherm velocity by melt advection. This velocity is one control on the melt flux generated spatially just above the melt isotherm, which is the control valve for the behaviour of the complete granitoid system. Melt transport occurs in conduits initiated as sheets or tubes comprising melt inclusions arising from Gurson–Tvergaard constitutive behaviour. Such conduits appear as leucosomes parallel to lineations and foliations, and ductile and brittle dykes. The melt flux generated at the melt isotherm controls the position of the melt solidus isotherm and hence the physical height of the Transport/Emplacement Zone. A conduit width-selection process, driven by changes in melt viscosity and constitutive behaviour, operates within the Transport Zone to progressively increase the width of apertures upwards. Melt can also be driven horizontally by gradients in topography; these horizontal fluxes can be similar in magnitude to vertical fluxes. Fluxes induced by deformation can compete with both buoyancy and topographic-driven flow over all length scales and results locally in transient ‘ponds’ of melt. Pluton emplacement is controlled by the transition in constitutive behaviour of the melt/magma from elastic–viscous at high temperatures to elastic–plastic–viscous approaching the melt solidus enabling finite thickness plutons to develop. The system involves coupled feedback processes that grow at the expense of heat supplied to the system and compete with melt advection. The result is that limits are placed on the size and time scale of the system. Optimal characteristics of the system coincide with a state of maximum entropy production rate.

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Briskin, Donald P. "Membranes and Transport Systems in Plants: An Overview." Weed Science 42, no. 2 (June 1994): 255–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0043174500080371.

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Membranes define the outer boundary of the living protoplast and the internal compartmentation of plant cells. From a structural point of view, membranes consist of a lipid bilayer and proteins essential for functions such as solute transport, signal transduction, and numerous metabolic reactions. While membranes can represent a significant barrier to the free movement of many solutes, those with sufficient lipid solubility may move across membranes by dissolving into the lipid bilayer. However, selective membrane transport is generally observed for hydrophilic solutes such as mineral nutrients and cell metabolites. Such selective transport requires an input of metabolic energy, and in plants this occurs via the production of proton electrochemical gradients across the membrane by substrate- (ex. ATP, PPi) driven proton pumps. Selective solute transport is then mediated by membrane-associated secondary transport systems which utilize the proton electrochemical gradient to drive the transport process. This review of membrane structure and transport system function provides a background for a further examination of herbicide interactions with plant membranes.

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Safin, I. F., M. L. Shustrova, N. A. Staroverova, and Yu N. Zatsarinnaya. "Development of a transport management system of a flexible production system." MATEC Web of Conferences 329 (2020): 01021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/202032901021.

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The intensive development of information technologies and software and hardware of control systems creates conditions for active processes of digitalization of the industry. One of the relevant areas of digitalization in production is the development and implementation of flexible production systems that expand the functionality of production lines and increase the efficiency of the production process. This paper deals with the development of a transport management system of a flexible production system. A solution is proposed that includes a block diagram of the system, hardware and functional logic.

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Zhuravlev, A. G. "The issues of optimization parameters of quarry transport systems." Mining informational and analytical bulletin, no. 3-1 (March 20, 2020): 583–601. http://dx.doi.org/10.25018/0236-1493-2020-31-0-583-601.

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The cost of technological transport in open-pit mining for medium-depth quarries reaches 50 % of the total cost of production of commercial ore, and for deep-exceed this figure. Therefore, optimization of quarry transport systems is an important element in improving the efficiency of mining. The most important element of optimization is through her character the use of optimization to all linked processes on the basis of objective criteria of efficiency, unity and objectivity of the source data, using multilevel data from sensors mounted on the mining and transport machines to total economic values for processing. A promising direction for the implementation of tools for optimizing the processes of open pit mining and in particular transport systems of quarries, as one of the most important subsystems, is the end-to-end digitalization of mining production. The article presents the results of research and methodological approach to the creation of methods of optimization of complex transport systems on the basis of complex computer modeling, both simulation and economic and mathematical. The concept of TSC optimization methods in the absence of expressed maxima or minima of the parameters reflecting the optimization parameters is proposed. The possibilities of optimization of transport systems due to controlled transients are shown, it is established that the rational organization of the transition process provides cost savings of up to 2 times or more. The concept of a dynamic model of the quarry transport system development, reflecting the transition processes in its formation, is presented.

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Latukhov, S. V., and N. V. Pershin. "RATIONAL CREATION OF TRANSPORT AND TECHNOLOGICAL SYSTEMS BY LIQUEFIED NATURAL GAS PRODUCTION." Scientific and Technical Volga region Bulletin 8, no. 6 (June 2018): 127–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.24153/2079-5920-2018-8-6-127-131.

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Shin, Kwang Soo, and Sung Kuk Lee. "Increasing Extracellular Free Fatty Acid Production inEscherichia coliby Disrupting Membrane Transport Systems." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 65, no. 51 (December 13, 2017): 11243–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jafc.7b04521.

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Komyakov, A. A. "METHODOLOGY OF THE ORGANIZATION OF RESOURCE-SAVING PRODUCTION SYSTEMS IN RAILWAY TRANSPORT." Izvestiya of Samara Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences 22, no. 2 (2020): 16–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.37313/1990-5378-2020-22-2-16-24.

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Yntema, Doekle R., and Caspar V. C. Geelen. "Electronic Technology for Wastewater Treatment and Clean Water Production." Water 14, no. 8 (April 14, 2022): 1276. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14081276.

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Water is essential for society. Due to excellent distribution systems for clean drinking water and wastewater, safe and reliable water transport is guaranteed. However, due to ageing network conditions, there is a need for extensive network monitoring and replacement strategies. There is a high demand for good insight into water mains and water distribution systems. A promising way to monitor our water transport involves various types of novel sensors, including strategies for the smart placement of these sensors, maximizing performance while minimizing costs. Furthermore, processing the increasingly large amount of sensor data can be done using Artificial Intelligence and sensor fusion techniques, yielding vastly increased information about the distribution mains.

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Susarev, S. V., S. P. Orlov, O. Ja Kravets, and A. S. Ponkratova. "Residual life management of cyber-physical transport systems." Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2094, no. 4 (November 1, 2021): 042008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2094/4/042008.

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Abstract The article deals with the problem of assessing the residual life of robotic agricultural vehicles. This problem is inextricably linked to the organization of effective vehicle maintenance. The robotic vehicle has a multifunctional remote diagnostics system, which makes it possible to assess the probability of component failure in real-time. In virtual commissioning, simulation is the most appropriate tool for researching and finding effective maintenance solutions. A simulation model based on timed colored Petri nets is proposed. The structure of the model is given, and its modules are described. Research is carried out by the method of statistical tests on a simulation model. An example of evaluating the delays in executing a production task, depending on the maintenance procedures and the probabilities of robotic vehicle unit failures, is given.

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Shirokov, Lev Alekseevich, Ol’ga L’vovna Shirokova, and Konstantin Alekseevich Palaguta. "INVESTMENT OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD-BUILD MEANS, AUTOMATIC AND INFORMATIONAL SYSTEMS TO INCREASE TRAFFIC SAFETY IN VEHICLE SYSTEMS." Vestnik MGSU, no. 9 (September 2015): 130–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.22227/1997-0935.2015.9.130-145.

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The modern transport system is a complex integrated object, which includes various road pavements, different technical means to provide vehicles motion, organizational systems of traffic management. In the contemporary conditions of construction industry functioning the task to create vehicle systems is of a great economic importance. Great labour and material resources are used for production of transport means for providing construction works and operation of these means. The authors consider the questions of theoretical and informational foundation development for the formation of the criteria basis of investment optimization task during construction of automatical and informational systems for increase of traffic safety in transport systems, providing zero accident rate.

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Teubler, Jens, Sebastian Kiefer, and Christa Liedtke. "Metals for Fuels? The Raw Material Shift by Energy-Efficient Transport Systems in Europe." Resources 7, no. 3 (August 9, 2018): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/resources7030049.

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The long-term transition towards a low-carbon transport sector is a key strategy in Europe. This includes the replacement of fossil fuels, modal shifts towards public transport as well as higher energy efficiency in the transport sector overall. While these energy savings are likely to reduce the direct greenhouse gas emissions of transport, they also require the production of new and different vehicles. This study analyses in detail whether final energy savings in the transport sector also induce savings for material resources from nature if the production of future vehicles is considered. The results for 28 member states in 2030 indicate that energy efficiency in the transport sector leads to lower carbon emissions as well as resource use savings. However, energy-efficient transport sectors can have a significant impact on the demand for metals in Europe. An additional annual demand for 28.4 Mt of metal ores was calculated from the personal transport sector in 2030 alone. The additional metal ores from semiprecious metals (e.g., copper) amount to 12.0 Mt, from precious metals (e.g., gold) to 9.1 Mt and from other metals (e.g., lithium) to 11.7 Mt, with small savings for ferrous metal ores (−4.6 Mt).

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Иванников, Valeriy Ivannikov, Сушков, Sergey Sushkov, Никонов, and Vadim Nikonov. "DEVELOPMENT OF MODELS OF TRANSPORT AND DISTRIBU-TIVE TASKS FOR VARIOUS CATEGORIES OF FOREST AREAS." Voronezh Scientific-Technical Bulletin 4, no. 2 (June 30, 2015): 57–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/14385.

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In article the system of transport tasks (distributive, systems of drawing up balance of production and consumption of forest products), and also problems of optimization of planning of placement and concentration of production of forest products is considered. Various options of statement of tasks depending on power both the procuring, and processing productions are considered. As criteria of op-timization expensive indicators which need to be minimized are applied.

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Walter, Robert A., Ronald C. DiGregorio, K. Jack Kooyoomjian, and Terry L. Eby. "AN ANALYSIS OF OIL SPILLS DURING TRANSPORT." International Oil Spill Conference Proceedings 1985, no. 1 (February 1, 1985): 153–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.7901/2169-3358-1985-1-153.

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ABSTRACT This paper examines transportation-related oil spills reported to various systems maintained and operated by the federal government. These systems contain up to 15 years of historical spill data covering 26,500 incidents involving more than 8 billion gallons of spilled petroleum and petroleum products. These data were used to develop a risk assessment for various modes of transportation. Highway transport resulted in the most spills, while pipelines were responsible for the greatest quantity of product spilled. Preliminary exposure rates for transportation modes were developed as a first step toward development of predictive models. Exposure factors were developed relating highway spills to gasoline production, and vessel spills to crude production and imports. Less satisfactory exposure factors were developed for railroads and pipelines.

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Sękala, Agnieszka, Aleksander Gwiazda, Zbigniew Monica, and Wacław Banaś. "Optimization of the Lean Production Process Using the Virtual Manufacturing Cell." Advanced Materials Research 1036 (October 2014): 858–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1036.858.

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The most important element of the production process is the optimization of the conducted operations. It is particularly important for the lean production process. In the paper is presented the analysis of the optimization approach using the CAE systems, the multi-agents systems (MAS) and the distributed robotics (DR) systems. Using the CAE techniques it is possible to elaborate the virtual environment in which the manufacturing cell is designed. The interaction between the virtual model and the process rule base allow improving the design of the existing standard machining technology. The MAS approach let to create the structure of the manufacturing process, taking into account both the machining stands and transport units according to the elaborate technological process. Finally the utilization of the DR approach for the optimization of transport operations including the heuristic algorithms. Moreover in the paper are presented the results of the investigations of analyzed problem on the base of complex production line for the cylindrical elements. The simulations and other analysis have been conducted in advanced computer systems. Also the basic relation between mentioned systems are discussed.

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Dobrzanska, M., and P. Dobrzanski. "Simulation modelling of material handling using AGV." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1199, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1199/1/012015.

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Abstract Modern production systems are mainly characterized by, among others, the use of automated transport systems. One of the components of such transport systems are automated guided vehicles (AGV). These vehicles are primarily used in the material handling due to their greater efficiency, flexibility and lower operating costs. The main aim of the article is to present the possibility of using simulation modelling in the analysis of internal transport operations using automated guided vehicles.

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Lavrikov, I. N., A. A. Guskov, V. A. Gavrikov, and S. A. Anokhin. "ECONOMIC ASPECT WHEN CHOOSING TRANSPORT IN LOGISTICS SYSTEMS." Scientific Review Theory and Practice 10, no. 12 (2020): 3321–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.35679/2226-0226-2020-10-12-3321-3328.

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A logistic system is a certain integrity of many interdependent logistic elements: manufacturers of products, raw materials, equipment; transport and warehouse complexes; terminal networks; distribution centers; retail network; transport. It is transport that can be called one of the most essential elements of any logistics system. Transport takes an active part in all stages of logistics - supply, production, distribution - providing uninterrupted and high-quality service for the movement of goods. The choice of transport adequate to the existing conditions will unambiguously lead to an increase in the economic efficiency of the functioning of the entire logistics system. The article discusses the main types of transport used to move material flows in logistics: railway; automobile; air; nautical; river (internal water); pipeline. The main advantages and disadvantages of each type of transport are indicated. The main factors influencing the choice of transport in the logistics system are analyzed, including: the volume of supplies of products; frequency of shipments; material flow route; set delivery times; the limit of funds for the implementation of this operation; safety of movement (safety of cargo), etc. All factors affecting the choice of transport in logistics are divided into objective and subjective. The need for the use (participation) of road transport in all processes of delivery of goods to the destination in the logistics system has been established. The influence of a high-quality choice of transport on the effective economic activity of the entire logistics system as a whole is shown by reducing the costs of moving, reloading goods, reducing the costs of warehouse complexes by reducing the shelf life of products and, accordingly, reducing warehouse space.

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Dolgopolov, Daniil V. "PIPELINE TRANSPORT GEOSPACES." Vestnik SSUGT (Siberian State University of Geosystems and Technologies) 26, no. 1 (2021): 76–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.33764/2411-1759-2021-26-1-76-85.

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One of the important tasks of safe operation of pipeline systems is information support of produc-tion units. The purpose of this work was to determine approaches to the formation of geoinformation space to ensure the operation of complex man-made complexes of pipeline systems. The methodolog-ical basis of the research is based on the theoretical foundations and methodological developments of scientists devoted to the collection and processing of spatial information, presented in the works of A. P. Karpik, V. B. Zharnikov, H. K. Yambaev, A. A. Varlamov, V. G. Bondur, D. V. Lisitsky, G. A. Ustavich, A. T. Zverev, V. A. Malinnikov, A. P. Sizov, V. A. Melkiy and other well-known scientists. To create a GIS of the current pipeline transport system there was defined the procedure of forming geo-information space, including the determination of the list of production problems associated with the use of spatial information, spatial data structure, needs in aerospace survey, performance require-ments and frequency of updates of spatial information.

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Młynarski, Stanisław. "RELIABILITY AND SIMULATION METHODS TO ENSURE THE EFFECTIVENESS OF PRODUCTION AND TRANSPORT SYSTEMS." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Szczecińskiego Finanse Rynki Finansowe Ubezpieczenia 89 (2017): 103–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.18276/frfu.2017.89/1-08.

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Lomonaco, Guglielmo, Lorenzo Castagnola, and Riccardo Marotta. "Nuclear Systems for Hydrogen Production: State of Art and Perspectives in Transport Sector." Global Journal of Energy Technology Research Updates 1, no. 1 (November 2014): 4–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.15377/2409-5818.2014.01.01.1.

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KAKUDA, Donald K., Matthew J. SWEET, Carol L. MACLEOD, David A. HUME, and Daniel MARKOVICH. "CAT2-mediated l-arginine transport and nitric oxide production in activated macrophages." Biochemical Journal 340, no. 2 (May 25, 1999): 549–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1042/bj3400549.

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Activated macrophages require L-arginine uptake to sustain NO synthesis. Several transport systems could mediate this L-arginine influx. Using competition analysis and gene-expression studies, amino acid transport system y+ was identified as the major carrier responsible for this activity. To identify which of the four known y+ transport-system genes is involved in macrophage-induced L-arginine uptake, we used a hybrid-depletion study in Xenopus oocytes. Cationic amino acid transporter (CAT) 2 antisense oligodeoxyribonucleotides abolished the activated-macrophage-mRNA-induced L-arginine transport. Together with expression studies documenting that CAT2 mRNA and protein levels are elevated with increased L-arginine uptake, our data demonstrate that CAT2 mediates the L-arginine transport that is required for the raised NO production in activated J774 macrophages.

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Kazaryan, Ruben, Peraskovya Andreeva, and Natalya Galaeva. "Integrated transport system - basis of Russia’s security." E3S Web of Conferences 157 (2020): 04009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202015704009.

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Possibility of improvement of optimization of integrated transport systems formed in case of several types of transport due to the introduction of design and construction management at the stage of creating subsystems of each type of transport. Factors intended to participate in the management of natural resources related to their extraction (technical and economic factors affecting the organization of movement by mode of transport and factors associated with the production of final transport products). The paper discusses the issues of placement and management capabilities of industrial transport systems based on the interaction of technical and natural systems. The implementation of project management methods for the construction of transport facilities developed on the basis of compiling individual project management algorithms, including organizational preparatory procedures, should be mandatory for all project participants, including customers.

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Bielova, Alla, Olexandra Orlovska, and Alona Kochedikova. "Target functionals of innovation-investment provider of development of production-economic systems of infrastructure type." USEFUL online journal 2, no. 3 (September 30, 2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.32557/useful-2-3-2018-0001.

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The problems of innovation and investment development of the country’s economy, industrial-production and transport enterprises of the railway industry are considered. The main factors influencing the innovation and investment climate of industrial and economic systems are determined and substantiated. In particular, the present state of transport enterprises of the Western region of Ukraine is investigated, problems and perspectives of formation of innovation and investment development of enterprises of infrastructure type are outlined.

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Balog, Michal, and Jozef Husár. "Methodical Framework of Flexibility Production Evaluation in Terms of Manufacturing Plant." Key Engineering Materials 669 (October 2015): 568–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.669.568.

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This article describes the evaluation methodology of flexibility production in real conditions. Individual steps analyse the manufacturing plant, form transport matrixes of shipping time between workplaces with conveyor and carriage. The second part of article evaluates short – term flexibility with the change of batch production quantity and the type of transport. The target of this article is pointing out the possibilities of handling systems optimization which is based on flexibility production.

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Стародубцев, Viktor Starodubtsev, Асташов, and Ya Astashov. "PROBABILISTIC MODELING OF ADAPTIVE TRANSPORT LOGISTICS." Modeling of systems and processes 8, no. 4 (May 11, 2016): 73–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/19530.

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The article is the use of self-organizing methods to identify processes in the socio-economic systems of transport companies. Through the prism of a systematic approach is considered a sequence make effective management decisions based on predictive models of the processes of socio-economic system of motor transport enterprise for sustainable development of production.

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Ahmad, Ashfaq, Sidra Majaz, and Faisal Nouroz. "Two-component systems regulate ABC transporters in antimicrobial peptide production, immunity and resistance." Microbiology 166, no. 1 (January 1, 2020): 4–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/mic.0.000823.

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Bacteria offer resistance to a broad range of antibiotics by activating their export channels of ATP-binding cassette transporters. These transporters perform a central role in vital processes of self-immunity, antibiotic transport and resistance. The majority of ATP-binding cassette transporters are capable of detecting the presence of antibiotics in an external vicinity and are tightly regulated by two-component systems. The presence of an extracellular loop and an adjacent location of both the transporter and two-component system offers serious assistance to induce a quick and specific response against antibiotics. Both systems have demonstrated their ability of sensing such agents, however, the exact mechanism is not yet fully established. This review highlighted the three key functions of antibiotic resistance, transport and self-immunity of ATP-binding cassette transporters and an adjacent two-component regulatory system.

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Xie, Zhong Zhi. "Applications of Transport Unit Based on Panasonic A5 Servo." Advanced Materials Research 461 (February 2012): 30–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.461.30.

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Automatic production line is a set number of technology as an integrated control systems, automation technology, Mechatronics technology, is one of the important elements of professional practical training of students, is also required in a production challenges. Through multiple times to the actual workflow study, finalized in conveying unit using PLC control of automatic production line, at the same time with Panasonic A5 servo motor as the drag, so that both meet workpiece Machining accuracy requirements, and greatly improves efficiency

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Lobão de Almeida, Thiago, and Victor Coracini Tonacio. "Passenger submarine concept design for oil production offshore systems." Ciencia y tecnología de buques 4, no. 8 (January 24, 2011): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.25043/19098642.42.

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The paper proposes an innovative solution to transport workers of offshore oil production platforms from the coast to their units, which operate at the Pre-Salt exploration, 300 km from the coast. A passenger submarine concept design was developed, justified by the range of practical obstacles observed in the current modes of transportation, helicopters and supply boats. Requirements like operational depth (100 m), passenger capacity (250 people), and cruising speed (minimum 13.4 knots) are defined, based on estimates. Firstly, it seeks the adoption of air-independent propulsion (AIP) systems, by fuel cells (PEMFC). However, the work progress leads to an entire electric propulsion system. The internal arrangement is elaborated, regarding passenger comfort, structural constraints, allocation of batteries and ballast tanks. Then, after a hydrodynamic hull optimization, by Computational Fluid Dynamics analysis, we provide a final configuration with 100-m length and 9.7-m diameter, operational speed of 16 kt, and autonomy of 26 hours.

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Sotnikov, E. A., and K. P. Shenfeld. "Strategic forecasting of complex production system - railway transport." Vestnik of the Railway Research Institute 76, no. 5 (October 28, 2017): 255–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.21780/2223-9731-2017-76-5-255-265.

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The paper considers conditions and methods for developing a strategic forecast for the technical and economic state of the worldwide and Russian railway transport for a period of 30-50 years or more. The analysis was made on changes in the state of infrastructure, rolling stock, organization of train traffic and shunting work, nature of the management of the transportation process from 1825 to the present. It is established that many quantitative and qualitative indicators of its technical and technological state have improved during this period many times and by orders of magnitude. This allowed the railway transport to ensure a high level of competitiveness in the transport system of the world, including our country, despite the emergence of all new modes of transport. At the same time, some such indicators are now close to the maximum possible and will not be able to grow rapidly in the future. It is accepted that in the development of strategic fore-casts of the technical and technological state of complex (large) production systems, it is necessary to determine the most important parameters, which in the long term can be improved many times substantially, which in the complex system under consideration will achieve a significant reduction in costs, and even increase their competitiveness. The main trends in the development of railways for a strategic long-term period are determined, taking into account the support of the development of its technical and technological state for the achievements of fundamental and branch science. These trends take into account both known solutions, for example, HS operation and new solutions. The implementation of the proposals will allow the railways to achieve a reduction in unit costs (per unit of transport output), preserve and increase their competitiveness in the constantly developing transport market.

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Novák, Petr, and Jiří Vyskočil. "Digitalized Automation Engineering of Industry 4.0 Production Systems and Their Tight Cooperation with Digital Twins." Processes 10, no. 2 (February 18, 2022): 404. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10020404.

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Smart production systems conforming the Industry 4.0 vision are based on subsystems that are integrated in a way that supports high flexibility and re-configurability. Specific components and devices, such as industrial and mobile robots or transport systems, now pose full-blown systems, and the entire Industry 4.0 production system constitutes a system-of-systems. Testing, fine-tuning, and production planning are important tasks in the entire engineering production system life-cycle. All these steps can be significantly supported and improved by digital twins, which are digitalized replicas of physical systems that are synchronized with the real systems at runtime. However, the design and implementation of digital twins for such integrated, yet partly stand-alone, industrial sub-systems can represent challenging and significantly time-consuming engineering tasks. In this article, the problem of the digital twin design for discrete-event production systems is addressed. The article also proposes to utilize a formal description of production resources and related production operations that the resources can perform. An executable version of such formalization can be automatically derived into a form of a digital twin. Such a derived digital twin can be enhanced with operation duration times that are obtained with process mining methods, leading to more realistic simulations for the entire production system. The proposed solution was successfully tested and validated in the Industry 4.0 Testbed, equipped with four robots and a transport system, which is utilized as a use-case in this article.

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Bražiūnas, Justas, and Henrikas Sivilevičius. "THE BITUMEN BATCHING SYSTEM'S MODERNIZATION AND ITS EFFECTIVE ANALYSIS AT THE ASPHALT MIXING PLANT." TRANSPORT 25, no. 3 (September 30, 2010): 325–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2010.40.

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Some particular aspects such as the improvement methods of technological parameters for hot bitu‐ men storage in a pipeline transport system, transportation and dosed supply to batch asphalt mixing plant (AMP) are evaluated in this paper. Bitumen in asphalt concrete binds together the material of mineral particles into a strong conglomerate of a complicated structure, capable of withstanding the destructive effect of vehicles and the factors on the road pavements. The optimal amount of bitumen determined by calculation and laboratory testing should be maintained in mix batches of hot‐mix asphalt (HMA) obtained from AMP mixer. In the periodic type of the asphalt concrete blender mass of the weighted matrix in the all merging batcher's tanks should correspond in percents equally in the HMA to the designed amount of the job‐mix formula (JMF). The bitumen batcher does not always weigh bitumen portions precisely. Their mass deviations from the amount determined by JMF and its variation impair HMA composition and performance. In addition,, an additive model for calculating the effect of factors causing the variance of bitumen content in the produced HMA mixture is presented in this current paper as well. The data on statistical evaluation of bitumen batcher's modernization performed at certain Lithuanian Enterprise are discussed. The differences in structures of reconstructed and not reconstructed bitumen batching systems (BBS) are analysed and methods of determining modernization effectiveness are presented. The effectiveness of BBS is analysed too, defining the deviations of bitumen content in subsamples, taken and extracted everyday for two seasons (before and after the batcher's modernization) of HMA mixture production from the value of JMF and comparing them to the values of tolerances. The analysis of column charts and histograms shows that the made modernization helped to increase the precision of supplying the required amount of bitumen to HMA mixture insignificantly. However, the control of BBS has been considerably increased.

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Janeček, A., and M. Mikleš. "Ecological aspect of mobile systems operated in terrain conditions." Research in Agricultural Engineering 49, No. 3 (February 8, 2012): 119–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/4962-rae.

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In this paper is evaluated an optimal constructional and operating performance of the mobil terrain system, that works in forest ecosystems from point of view of volume of processed biomass and total amount of logging transport erosion. A monitored terrain system, working in forestry, is considered as a production system, with its material and energy flow. The determination value, that optimizes the production system, is the operating and constructional performance. In this paper is evaluated the amount erosion in dependence of cutting mass, by means of mathematics and from system point of view. The conditions for the mobile terrain system work, that insure optimal, i.e. minimal value of erosion will be determined. The theoretical results are verified. The optimal values of soil erosion are determined by experimental measurements. The principles of the paper are based on theses of ecological synthesis that determine coupling between dissipative energy of a production system and its ecological cleanliness of work.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Production and transport systems'

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