Dissertations / Theses: 'Product design approaches'

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Börjesson, Fredrik. "Approaches to Modularity in Product Architecture." Licentiate thesis, KTH, Maskinelement, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-96491.

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Modular product architecture is characterized by the existence of standardized interfaces between the physical building blocks. A module is a collection of technical solutions that perform a function, with interfaces selected for company-specific strategic reasons. Approaches to modularity are the structured methods by which modular product architectures are derived. The approaches include Modular Function Deployment (MFD), Design Structure Matrix (DSM), Function Structure Heuristics and many other, including hybrids. The thesis includes a survey of relevant theory and a discussion of four challenges in product architecture research, detailed in the appended papers. One common experience from project work is structured methods such as DSM or MFD often do not yield fully conclusive results. This is usually because the algorithms used to generate modules do not have enough relevant data. Thus, we ask whether it is possible to introduce new data to make the output more conclusive. A case study is used to answer this question. The analysis indicates that with additional properties to capture product geometry, and flow of matter, energy, or information, the output is more conclusive. If product development projects even have an architecture definition phase, very little time is spent actually selecting the most suitable tool. Several academic models are available, but they use incompatible criteria, and do not capture experience-based or subjective criteria we may wish to include. The research question is whether we can define selection criteria objectively using academic models and experience-based criteria. The author gathers criteria from three academic models, adds experience criteria, performs a pairwise comparison of all available criteria and applies a hierarchical cluster analysis, with subsequent interpretation. The resulting evaluation model is tested on five approaches to modularity. Several conclusions are discussed. One is that of the five approaches studied, MFD and DSM have the most complementary sets of strengths and weaknesses, and that hybrids between these two fundamental approaches would be particularly interesting. The majority of all product development tries to improve existing products. A common criticism against all structured approaches to modularity is they work best for existing products. Is this perhaps a misconception? We ask whether MFD and DSM can be used on novel product types at an early phase of product development. MFD and DSM are applied to the hybrid drive train of a Forwarder. The output of the selected approaches is compared and reconciled, indicating that conclusions about a suitable modular architecture can be derived, even when many technical solutions are unknown. Among several conclusions, one is the electronic inverter must support several operating modes that depend on high-level properties of the drive train itself (such as whether regeneration is used). A modular structure for the electronic inverter is proposed. Module generation in MFD is usually done with Hierarchical Cluster Analysis (HCA), where the results are presented in the form of a Dendrogram. Statistical software can generate a Dendrogram in a matter of seconds. For DSM, the situation is different. Most available algorithms require a fair amount of processing time. One popular algorithm, the Idicula-Gutierrez-Thebeau Algorithm (IGTA), requires a total time of a few hours for a problem of medium complexity (about 60 components). The research question is whether IGTA can be improved to execute faster, while maintaining or improving quality of output. Two algorithmic changes together reduce execution time required by a factor of seven to eight in the trials, and improve quality of output by about 15 percent.
QC 20120605

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Adler, Niclas. "Managing complex product development : three approaches." Doctoral thesis, Handelshögskolan i Stockholm, Programmet Människa och Organisation (PMO), 1999. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hhs:diva-13.

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Despite its strategic importance most firms managing complex product development fail to meet their pre-set or emerging targets. This thesis argues that this is due to a number of limitations in the fundamental assumptions behind the dominant approach based on planning. Two alternative approaches are introduced and elaborated based on extensive empirical investigation of five organizational settings at Ericsson applying the dominant approach and two organizational settings also at Ericsson that repeatedly succeed to meet pre-set and emerging targets. The two alternative approaches; integrationdriven development and dynamic synchronization are based on integration, building dependencies, allocating resources to the boundaries and building a capacity for real-time handling of both emerging problems and opportunities rather than minimizing deviations from the pre-set plan.
Diss. Stockholm : Handelshögskolan, 1999

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Marie-Rose, Aymerick. "IN-BETWEEN: PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT STUDY THROUGH INDUSTRIAL AND EXPERIMENTAL APPROACHES." Thesis, Jönköping University, JTH, Industridesign, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-54775.

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Experimental design is a practice operating at the limit between craftmanship, art and technology. In collaboration with the studio breadeEscalope (Vienna, Austria) this project oscillates between research and production to study the link between industrial and experimental approach to design. Hitherto initiated from an impulse or a problem requiring solution, the action of designing suggest a product or a service to fulfill needs. In industrial design, the creative process follows contextually anchored steps to frame, define, develop and deliver. For the sake of a pragmatic answer, the delivery is centred around the user and its needs, often leading to an opaque finished product. Home’s basic, the coat rack was selected to support this study as a concrete product base for trend and consumer behavior analysis. From shared ornamental and functional object placed in the entrance of houses, the coat rack previously “hatstand”, is today an unnoticed domestic object. The final product was hand manufactured with recycled and raw component, allowing transparency on the production process and used material. Stacking up coats on the produced rack create a private space for the user to sit in, questioning the relationship between user and product (ownership, trust, value). Based on architectural concept and design theory, the product aims to bridge creative and technical disciplines to suggest a functional yet questionable product as dialogue starter. How sustainable are the objects that surround us every day? What is the story of the product? With those question in head the experimental design thinking studio breadedEscalope based in Vienna (Austria), offers an alternative approach to design. Always starting projects with the production process as a story of formations, offering unique and playful outcome to the act of designing.
Experimentell design är en praxis som fungerar på gränsen mellan hantverk, konst och teknik. I samarbete med studio breadeEscalope (Wien, Österrike) pendlar detta projekt mellan forskning och produktion för att studera sambandet mellan industriell och experimentell strategi för design. Hittills initierad från en impuls eller ett problem som kräver lösning, föreslår åtgärden att designa en produkt eller en tjänst för att uppfylla behoven. Inom industriell design följer den kreativa processen kontextuellt förankrade steg för att rama in, definiera, utveckla och leverera. För ett pragmatiskt svar är leveransen centrerad kring användaren och dess behov, vilket ofta leder till en ogenomskinlig färdig produkt. Hemmets grund, klädhänget valdes för att stödja denna studie som en konkret produktbas för trend- och konsumentbeteendeanalys. Från delat prydnads- och funktionellt föremål placerat i ingången till hus är klädhänget tidigare "hatstand", idag ett obemärkt inhemskt föremål. Slutprodukten tillverkades för hand med återvunnen och rå komponent, vilket gav insyn i produktionsprocessen och använt material. Att stapla upp rockar på det producerade racket skapar ett privat utrymme för användaren att sitta i och ifrågasätter förhållandet mellan användare och produkt (ägande, förtroende, värde). Baserat på arkitektoniska koncept och designteori syftar produkten till att överbrygga kreativa och tekniska discipliner för att föreslå en funktionell men tvivelaktig produkt som dialogstartare. Hur hållbara är de objekt som omger oss varje dag? Vad är historien om produkten? Med dessa frågor i huvudet erbjuder den experimentella designtänkande studion breadedEscalope baserad i Wien (Österrike), ett alternativt tillvägagångssätt för design. Alltid starta projekt med produktionsprocessen som en berättelse om formationer, erbjuder unikt och lekfullt resultat till handlingen att designa.

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Wynn, David Charles. "Model-based approaches to support process improvement in complex product development." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2007. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/237006.

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The performance of product development processes is important to the commercial success of new products. The improvement of these processes is thus a strategic imperative for many engineering companies - the aero-engine is one example of a complex product for which market pressures necessitate ever-shorter development times. This thesis argues that process modelling and simulation can support the improvement of complex product development processes. A literature review identified that design process modelling is a well-establishedresearch area encompassing a diverse range of approaches. However, most existing tools and methods are not widely applied in industry. An extended case study was therefore conducted to explore the pragmatic utility of process modelling and simulation. It is argued that iteration is a key driver of design process behaviour which cannot be fully reflected in a mechanistic model. Understanding iteration can help select an appropriate representation for a given process domain and modelling objective. A model-based approach to improve the management of iterative design processes was developed. This approach shows that design process simulation models can support practice despite their limited fidelity. The modelling and simulation framework resulting from this work was enhanced for application to a wider range of process improvement activities. A robust and extensible software platform was also developed. The framework and software tool have made significant contribution to research projects investigating process redesign, process robustness and process optimisation. These projects are discussed to validate the framework and tool and to highlight their applicability beyond the original approach. The research results were disseminated in academia and industry - 72 copies of the software were distributed following requests in the first three months of its release.

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Gudur, Raghavendra Reddy. "Approaches to designing for older adults' intuitive interaction with complex devices." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/58070/1/Raghavendra_Gudur_Thesis.pdf.

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Many older people have difficulties using modern consumer products due to increased product complexity both in terms of functionality and interface design. Previous research has shown that older people have more difficulty in using complex devices intuitively when compared to the younger. Furthermore, increased life expectancy and a falling birth rate have been catalysts for changes in world demographics over the past two decades. This trend also suggests a proportional increase of older people in the work-force. This realisation has led to research on the effective use of technology by older populations in an effort to engage them more productively and to assist them in leading independent lives. Ironically, not enough attention has been paid to the development of interaction design strategies that would actually enable older users to better exploit new technologies. Previous research suggests that if products are designed to reflect people's prior knowledge, they will appear intuitive to use. Since intuitive interfaces utilise domain-specific prior knowledge of users, they require minimal learning for effective interaction. However, older people are very diverse in their capabilities and domain-specific prior knowledge. In addition, ageing also slows down the process of acquiring new knowledge. Keeping these suggestions and limitations in view, the aim of this study was set to investigate possible approaches to developing interfaces that facilitate their intuitive use by older people. In this quest to develop intuitive interfaces for older people, two experiments were conducted that systematically investigated redundancy (the use of both text and icons) in interface design, complexity of interface structure (nested versus flat), and personal user factors such as cognitive abilities, perceived self-efficacy and technology anxiety. All of these factors could interfere with intuitive use. The results from the first experiment suggest that, contrary to what was hypothesised, older people (65+ years) completed the tasks on the text only based interface design faster than on the redundant interface design. The outcome of the second experiment showed that, as expected, older people took more time on a nested interface. However, they did not make significantly more errors compared with younger age groups. Contrary to what was expected, older age groups also did better under anxious conditions. The findings of this study also suggest that older age groups are more heterogeneous in their capabilities and their intuitive use of contemporary technological devices is mediated more by domain-specific technology prior knowledge and by their cognitive abilities, than chronological age. This makes it extremely difficult to develop product interfaces that are entirely intuitive to use. However, by keeping in view the cognitive limitations of older people when interfaces are developed, and using simple text-based interfaces with flat interface structure, would help them intuitively learn and use complex technological products successfully during early encounter with a product. These findings indicate that it might be more pragmatic if interfaces are designed for intuitive learning rather than for intuitive use. Based on this research and the existing literature, a model for adaptable interface design as a strategy for developing intuitively learnable product interfaces was proposed. An adaptable interface can initially use a simple text only interface to help older users to learn and successfully use the new system. Over time, this can be progressively changed to a symbols-based nested interface for more efficient and intuitive use.

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Watz, Matilda. "Utilizing requirements to support sustainable product development : Introductory approaches for strategic sustainability integration." Licentiate thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-18807.

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The attention to sustainability impacts arising during the lifecycle of products is growing as industry wants to increase its contribution to a sustainable society. To do so, companies must find ways to navigate the complexity of the needs within the socio-ecological system in which they operate. In engineering design projects, the interpretation of needs into requirements is essential, as they represent the collective understanding of the design problem to be solved. Ideally, requirements are possible to verify and validate, which makes it challenging for industry to integrate socio-ecological considerations, often based on qualitative models, into requirements. Sustainability then tends not to be prioritized in trade-offs with traditionally identified requirements for engineering design. A qualitative research approach within design research methodology framed a sequence of studies guided by the research question ‘How can requirements be utilized to support Sustainable Product Development?’ First, a research gap was identified from a literature review which indicated a lack of socio-ecological systems contextualization in the identification, as well as the traceability of sustainability criteria to integrate into requirements. Secondly, a conceptual model was established for how management of requirements can be improved to facilitate traceability, as well as how contextual socio-ecological systems perspective can be introduced in the selection, of sustainability criteria for engineering design projects. For this purpose, the results from a multiple-case study based on semi-structured interviews with seven design and manufacturing companies was triangulated with findings of an in-depth literature analysis. Five key elements of management of sustainability in requirements were proposed in a profile model corresponding to different levels of sustainability maturity. A third study explored, based on literature and prototype causal loop diagramming, the potential of a group model building approach to enhance contextual understanding of strategically identified, i.e., company-tailored, sustainability criteria in relation to traditional requirements in early phases of the product innovation process. A final study investigated how a strategic sustainability perspective can be integrated with engineering design methods and value modelling to create a decision support for concept selection. The studies together indicate that key constituents of good requirements, traceability and systems contextualization, can be achieved also for socio-ecological sustainability considerations. This requires organizational commitment and will be reflected in the design of the operational management system for their product innovation process. Following the proposed five key elements of sustainability integration in requirements, a company is expected to increase the organizational sustainability maturity, and hence its capability to contribute to a sustainability transition. This research also shows that there is a gap in current methods and tools for enhanced socio-ecological systems contextualization. The two last studies of this thesis give promising approaches of tools and methods to be further developed and analyzed, namely group model building, system analysis and value modelling.

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LINDGREN, NATALIA, and MORTENSEN JULIA HEDE. "Product development in low income markets : Identifying user needs and approaches in design in a low income market, with focus on the water filtration market in Malaysia." Thesis, KTH, Produkt- och tjänstedesign, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-234254.

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The water situation in Malaysia is not ideal. Due to the unsatisfactory quality of the piped water, the demand of domestic water filters in Malaysia is increasing. At the same time, 40 percent of the Malaysian population are described as a low income group who are especially vulnerable against increases in living costs. Developing products that meet the needs of consumers who are constrained in resources is vital for straining the growth of poverty and reaching the global SDGs. To ensure that the access to clean water is achievable for all, regardless of income group, established methodologies within product development in emerging markets with low income target groups needs to be identified. The intention with this study is to identify and evaluate some of the existing models and methods within this area through thorough research and a case study. The main focus is to analyse the methodologies for identifying user needs, as well as the approaches in design and conceptualization, when developing products for the lower income group. An extensive literature study has been made, in combination with interviews from Engineers without borders, Sweden. The results were that no models or methods were frequently used in their different projects but every project was individually structured. These results were then applied in a field study in Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. During the field study, a market analysis took place and a new product concept was shaped. The project was in collaboration with the company Blöndal, a water purification company in Kuala Lumpur. Their point of use water filter called Källa 8 was further developed, guided by the identified models and methods gained from the pre-development research. Before the development of Källa 8, the user needs were identified through surveys, in-home visits and shorter interviews. To translate the identified user want and needs to product attributes, a House of Quality matrix was used and worked as a basis of discussion during the conceptualization of the new Källa 8. Throughout the conceptualization, the mindset originating from the theory of Frugal Innovation was constantly present. The result of the market analysis clearly pointed to a too high of a price of the product, but stating that the already existing design of the product was both attractive and important for the lower income group. These attributes were later realized by foremost changing the configuration of the piping in the product. The purpose was to make the filters easily changeable, sparing the users the service cost of changing the filters. This was done without interfering with the most valued features of the product.
Vattensituationen i Malaysia är inte ideal. På grund av den dåliga kvalitén av kranvatten, har efterfrågan av vattenfilter för hemmabruk i Malaysia ökat. Samtidigt beskrivs 40 procent av Malaysias befolkning som en del av en låginkomstgrupp som är särskilt sårbara för ökade levnadskostnader. Att utveckla produkter som möter behoven hos konsumenter som är begränsade i ekonomiska resurser är avgörande för att förhindra tillväxten av fattigdom och för att uppnå FN:s Millenniemål. För att försäkra att tillgången till rent vatten är uppnåeligt för alla, oavsett inkomstgrupp, måste beprövade metoder inom produktutveckling i tillväxtmarknader med låginkomsttagare som fokusgrupp identifieras. Målet av denna studie är att identifiera och utvärdera vissa av de existerande modellerna och metoderna inom detta område genom grundliga studier och en fallstudie. Huvudfokus ligger på att analysera metoder för att identifiera användarbehov samt konceptualisering och utformning av produkter för låginkomstgrupper. En omfattande litteraturstudie har gjorts samt intervjuer med Ingenjörer utan gränser. Resultatet från intervjuena visade på att inga specifika metoder användes frekvent utan varje project utformades på eget vis. Detta resultat applicerades sedan på ett fältarbete i Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. Projektet var i samarbete med företaget Blöndal, ett vattenfilterföretag med huvudkontor i Kuala Lumpur. Deras så kallade “point of use”-vattenfilter, vid namn Källa 8, vidareutvecklades med de identifierade modellerna och metoderna från förstudien som ledsagare. Före vidareutvecklingen av Källa 8, identifierades användarbehoven genom enkätundersökningar, hembesök och kortare intervjuer. För att översätta de identifierade användarbehoven till faktiska produktegenskaper, utarbetades en så kallad House of Quality-matris som sedan användes som diskussionsunderlag under konceptualiseringen av det nya Källa 8. Tankesättet som användes under utformningen av den nya produkten härleddes av konceptet Frugal Innovation. Frugal Innovation visade sig vara en värdefull teoretisk ramverk, men var inte så lätt att implementera på just denna fallstudie. Resultaten från marknadsanalysen visade tydligt att produkten kostade för mycket men att den yttre designen var attraktiv och viktig för låginkomstgrupper. Dessa attribut realiserades i produkten genom att främst förändra konfigurationen av rören i produkten. Anledningen till detta var att minska underhållskostnader för användaren, eftersom hen själv ska kunna byta ut filtrena. Detta gjordes utan att större förändringar på produktens högst värderade egenskaper.

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Kriett, Phillip Oliver [Verfasser], Martin [Akademischer Betreuer] Grunow, Hubert [Gutachter] Missbauer, and Martin [Gutachter] Grunow. "Optimization-based approaches for product platform design, production planning, and capacity modeling in semiconductor supply chains / Phillip Oliver Kriett ; Gutachter: Hubert Missbauer, Martin Grunow ; Betreuer: Martin Grunow." München : Universitätsbibliothek der TU München, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1221719254/34.

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Serna, Rodas Juliana. "Methodological approach for the sustainable design of structured chemical products during early design stages." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LORR0219.

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En raison de la compétitivité dans le marché des produits chimiques et la demande croissante pour les produits de qualité, l'industrie et l'académie sont à la recherche de nouvelles méthodes pour la conception des produits chimiques. Par conséquent, cette étude propose une approche méthodologique pour faciliter la prise de décisions dans la conception de produits de type émulsion. Les caractéristiques de la méthodologie proposée sont les suivantes: elle propose des méthodes pour l’analyse des besoins de consommateurs, la génération d'idées pour la conception du produit et la sélection du meilleur produit, en prenant en compte la nature multi-variée du problème de conception avec l'intégration de la notion de durabilité dans le processus de conception. La méthodologie comporte trois étapes de conception: Étape de besoins, étape de génération d'idées et étape de sélection d'idées. Dans la première étape, les besoins sont analysés et classifiés en fonction de leur impact sur la satisfaction du client. Ensuite, ils sont traduits aux spécifications du produit avec l’aide des experts et des clients. Les informations de saisie correspondent aux besoins des clients et celles de sortie correspondent aux spécifications du produit, c'est-à-dire des caractéristiques du produit qui peuvent être évaluées. Également, deux méthodes sont utilisées: le modèle de kano et la méthode QFD (Déploiement des Fonctions Qualités). Dans la seconde étape, les produits répondant aux spécifications sont conçus en suivant une démarche en trois phases: 1) le problème de conception est divisé selon un groupe défini de sous-problèmes généraux. 2) Chaque sous-problème est connecté à un groupe de stratégies de solution selon une première matrice de décision prédéfinie. 3) Les stratégies de solution sont connectées avec des ingrédients et des conditions opératoires selon une deuxième matrice de décision. Cette démarche est faite en utilisant deux matrices de décision développées dans cette recherche sur la base de la connaissance de science d'émulsion, ainsi que sur des connaissances des experts. Dans la troisième étape, les alternatives de produit sont évaluées selon le cahier de spécifications définis dans la première étape et les indicateurs de durabilité appropriés. Ces indicateurs sont utilisés pour évaluer et classer les alternatives de produit selon un indice de développement durable global. Pour développer cette étape un ensemble d'indicateurs évaluant la dimension économique, environnementale et sociale de produits est choisi et ils sont intégrés par la mise en oeuvre d’une méthode d'analyse de multi-critère. Finalement, afin d’illustrer la méthodologie, une étude de cas est développée: la conception d'une crème hydratante
Emulsion based chemical products, which belong to the category of micro-structured chemical products, have a broad range of commercial applications. Despite their importance, there is not a general methodology for their design. With the aim to contribute to the progress on this matter, this research presents a product design methodology focused on emulsion design with the following characteristics: it proposes methods for customer needs analysis, product ideas generation and selection of the best product alternative. It considers the multivariate nature of emulsion design by taking into account the multiple effects of design variables into product properties. It integrates sustainability concepts into the product design process. The methodology comprises three design stages: needs stage, ideas generation stage and ideas selection stage. In the needs stage, customer needs are first analyzed and classified according to their effect on customer satisfaction and second translated into product specifications with the aid of experts and customers. The input is customer needs, i.e., statements expressing customers’ desires about the product, and the output corresponds to product specifications, i.e., product characteristics that can be measured. To perform this stage two methods are used: Kano model and Quality Functional Deployment. In ideas generation stage, product concepts accomplishing product specifications are generated in three sub-steps: First, problem specifications are classified into a predefined group of design sub-problems. Second, each sub-problem is connected with one or more pre-defined solution strategies through a prefilled relational matrix. Third, compatible solution strategies are selected and connected to ingredients and processing conditions through a second relational matrix. As result, a set of product concepts is generated. Thisprocedure is developed by the implementation of two relational matrices proposed in this research based on emulsion science and expert knowledge. The first connects sub-problems with solution strategies and the second connects solution strategies with ingredients and processing conditions. In the selection stage, generated product concepts are evaluated according to product specifications. In addition, appropriated sustainability indicators are included to assess and rank product alternatives according to a global sustainability index. To perform this stage, a set of indicators are selected and integrated by the implementation of multi-criteria analysis methods. The application of the methodology is exposed with a case study: the design of a moisturizing cream

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Chamberlain, Matthew Kipp. "An Approach to Decision Support for Strategic Redesign." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/19838.

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Researchers have paid relatively little attention to the fact that most design activities are actually more like redesign. These activities are characterized by an attempt to leverage experience, knowledge, and the capital that a company has already invested into existing engineering systems. In this dissertation, it is proposed that an approach be developed to aid designers in making decisions in redesign problems when there exist systems to be leveraged and multiple new systems to be created. In addition, strategy is introduced to the problem through the consideration that new systems may not be offered all at once, as is often assumed in product family design research. In this dissertation, the aim of the designer is assumed to be a creation, through redesign, of a series of new systems with desirable and distinct performance levels. In addition, a plan is required to involve as little redesign effort throughout the life of the family of systems as possible The proposed approach is based upon the concepts of Constructal Theory and previous work to create methods for the design of mass customized families of products. The existing methods are abstracted and heavily modified through the infusion of the compromise Decision Support Problems at all stages of the decision-making process. In addition, two indices are developed to represent considerations unique to redesign as opposed to original design. These indices for redesign effort and commonality value are utilized in the overall objective formulation for the approach. Through a thorough validation process and a large number of redesign scenarios, it is shown that the overall approach proposed can lead the designer towards promising redesign plans involving leveraging of existing systems, but that the constructal-inspired approach in and of itself has certain limitations when applied to redesign.

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Wyatt, David Finlay. "Developing a computational approach to support product architecture design." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.609700.

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Mingard, P. "Design constraints : An historical approach." Thesis, Brunel University, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.378449.

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Sahin, Asli. "A Data Clustering Approach to Support Modular Product Family Design." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29481.

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Product Platform Planning is an emerging philosophy that calls for the planned development of families of related products. It is markedly different from the traditional product development process and relatively new in engineering design. Product families and platforms can offer a multitude of benefits when applied successfully such as economies of scale from producing larger volumes of the same modules, lower design costs from not having to redesign similar subsystems, and many other advantages arising from the sharing of modules. While advances in this are promising, there still remain significant challenges in designing product families and platforms. This is particularly true for defining the platform components, platform architecture, and significantly different platform and product variants in a systematic manner. Lack of precise definition for platform design assets in terms of relevant customer requirements, distinct differentiations, engineering functions, components, component interfaces, and relations among all, causes a major obstacle for companies to take full advantage of the potential benefits of product platform strategy. The main purpose of this research is to address the above mentioned challenges during the design and development of modular platform-based product families. It focuses on providing answers to a fundamental question, namely, how can a decision support approach from product module definition to the determination of platform alternatives and product variants be integrated into product family design? The method presented in this work emphasizes the incorporation of critical design requirements and specifications for the design of distinctive product modules to create platform concepts and product variants using a data clustering approach. A case application developed in collaboration with a tire manufacturer is used to verify that this research approach is suitable for reducing the complexity of design results by determining design commonalities across multiple design characteristics. The method was found helpful for determining and integrating critical design information (i.e., component dimensions, material properties, modularization driving factors, and functional relations) systematically into the design of product families and platforms. It supported decision-makers in defining distinctive product modules within the families and in determining multiple platform concepts and derivative product variants.
Ph. D.

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Davis, Kara, Pinar Öncel, and Qingqing Yang. "An Innovation Approach for Sustainable Product and Product-Service System Development." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2023.

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This thesis investigates the potential of User-Centered Design (UCD) and Agile to support Strategic Sustainable Development (SSD) practice in product and product-service system (PSS) design. UCD tools and concepts are used to support stakeholder and needs research. Agile provides process support for collaboration and resilience. SSD tools and concepts are used to define and work within the system boundaries for sustainability. All three practices are combined in an innovation approach that supports collaborative and cross-functional design teams as they develop products and PSS. Design teams using this approach will work to satisfy the needs of customers while considering the needs of all non-customer stakeholders and the ecosphere. The full-systems context emphasized in the approach will support innovation and encourage design teams to consider services as complements to, or substitutes for, physical products.

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Messer, Matthias. "A systematic approach for integrated product, materials, and design-process design." Diss., Atlanta, Ga. : Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/22608.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Mechanical Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2008.
Committee Chair: Allen, Janet K.; Committee Member: Aidun, Cyrus K.; Committee Member: Klein, Benjamin; Committee Member: McDowell, David L.; Committee Member: Mistree, Farrokh; Committee Member: Yoder, Douglas P.

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Cohen, Tal. "A data approach to tracking and evaluating engineering changes." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/17971.

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Yang, Hong Mo. "An approach to product design using a product performance versus cost model." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/13418.

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Thesis (M.S.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 1991, and Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 1991.
Includes bibliographical references (leaf 73).
by Hong Mo Yang.
M.S.

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Mohd, Saad Norhairin. "A3 thinking approach to support lean product and process development." Thesis, Cranfield University, 2013. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/7963.

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This research project aims to develop a novel A3 thinking approach to support knowledge driven design that aids the generation of decision making within a Lean Product and Process Development (LeanPPD) environment. This research comprises the development of a new A3 template as a technique of problem solving in product design, the adoption of a reflection practice structured in a new A3 template for knowledge capture and sharing, and the generation of the process of using the A3 thinking approach for effective implementation. Providing useful knowledge as a design reference to generate decision making at the initial stages of product development in product design helps the designers to prevent recurrence of the same problem, eliminate design mistakes and enhance design decision. In order to achieve a novel A3 thinking approach, a research methodology consisting of four phases was developed. The first phase synthesises the A3 best practice through literature and documentation reviews. The gap analysis and results from the reviews have identified several problem-solving approaches and learning cycles that have to be considered in the research. The second phase is to evaluate the approaches and their impacts and applications in product design. In order to complete this, several research methods are selected and performed (e.g. focus group and semistructured interview) within the collaborative companies. The third phase is to develop the A3 thinking approach by utilising the LAMDA learning cycle, developing a new A3 template or so-called A3LAMDA, adopting the reflection practice and generating the process of using the new A3 thinking approach. Finally, the validation of the new A3 thinking approach through industrial case studies and expert judgements have been performed. This approach has been implemented in the automotive sector and was applied to four industrial case studies and six A3LAMDA reports were collected. As a result of the findings of this research, the utilisation of the A3 thinking approach aided the generation of knowledge driven design in product design by integrating the knowledge management capabilities; knowledge creation, capture and sharing.

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Chen, Chien-Bang. "An approach to empathic design for assistive technology." Thesis, De Montfort University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2086/9027.

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The levels of income and employment rates of people with disabilities are often lower than those without them. An effective way to free disabled people from these circumstances would be to design proper job accommodation for them. Ordinarily, physical conditions severely restrict their ability to carry out their work efficiently unless they have are provided with appropriately designed assistive technology (AT). However, due to the physical conditions unique to each disabled person, understanding the requirements of a disabled person is often a challenge to an AT designer. The aims of this research were to develop a design model for an empathy tool that would assist in the process of designing AT for job accommodation, and to explore the relationship between the use of empathy tools and the improvement of design elements in job accommodation AT. The design models employed were developed by analysing interviews with AT users and examining the results of observations and a literature review. The model was then used to build an empathy tool to be used in designing job accommodation AT for a selected subject; the empathy tools were used in a series of assessments of designer users. The results show that, when compared with tools used in traditional design briefs, empathy tools can successfully help designers to improve design elements in terms, respectively, of their understanding of users' physical abilities (22 per cent), work requirements (26.6 per cent), ergonomic requirements (22.8 per cent), and environment characteristics (21.4 per cent). Meanwhile, it is difficult for the tool to improve upon other design elements, about which one must learn by gaining design experience.

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Pedersen, Kjartan. "Designing platform families : an evolutionary approach to developing engineering systems." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/18189.

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Siu, Power Po Wa. "Development of a building configurator : product family architecture approach /." View abstract or full-text, 2005. http://library.ust.hk/cgi/db/thesis.pl?IEEM%202005%20SIU.

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Tahir, Muhammad Rehan. "A new approach to product development in Islamic finance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47878.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, June 2009.
"September 2008." Title page has the copyright date of 1994.
Includes bibliographical references.
Islamic Finance is a banking sector which caters to the Muslim population's banking needs by complying with the Islamic financial law. In this research some of the most prevalent financial products in Islamic Finance are surveyed and various forms of Islamic asset securitizations (Sukuks) are studied. Two issues of Islamic asset securitizations (Sukuks) are analyzed in detail. This analysis involves determining how well Sukuks serve the needs of Islamic Finance customers and also their shortcomings. In order to develop more customer-need centric financial products in Islamic Finance a new product development template is proposed. This template is a step-by-step process of developing Islamic financial products and is derived from the best practices of product development in the engineering domain. This methodology aims to formalize and improve the product development process in Islamic Finance. As an illustration of the proposed template, a new product is developed for Islamic Finance using this template. This example illustrates how religious restrictions in Islamic Finance dictate the form and substance of financial products during their development.
by Muhammad Rehan Tahir.
S.M.

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Rose, Elliot P. "Environmentally conscious design : an economic life cycle approach." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1997. http://dspace.lib.cranfield.ac.uk/handle/1826/3507.

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Companies are under increasing pressure to deal with environmental concerns during product design, for it is the design process which primarily decides the environmental impact of a manufactured product over its life. Tools which assist in taking a life cycle view of the product are a necessary support to designers. Prime amongst these tools is Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). However, a major criticism of LCA methodologies is that while they provide advice on environmentally superior product designs, they do not provide guidance on the economic impact. With product take back increasingly likely to become the responsibility of producer companies attention is now being paid to the later phases of a products life, such as maintenance and disposal costs. A new methodology is shown to be required to complement LCA, one which considers the economic implications of environmentally superior designs over the whole product life. It is argued that a major challenge of such a methodology will be how it deals with the uncertainty associated with the future. The research provides a review of product life cycle design methodologies and a critique of existing approaches to uncertainty. A design teams requirements for decision support that deals with product economic life cycle uncertainty is presented and a decision support methodology which meets these requirements is described. The methodology builds upon the theory of life cycle costing. In practice, the methodology integrates a computer based life cycle model with statistical techniques to quantify the contribution of life cycle variables. In bringing these proven but previously separate tools together the method resolves the issue of uncertainty in a novel and acceptable way. Through the use of an in-depth industrial case study, it is shown that the methodology provides practical support to the design team to produce economically superior product life cycle designs.

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Ekandem, Joshua Ime Asukwo Lau Tin-Man. "Designing fo cultures an approach for product design using components of regional culture /." Auburn, Ala., 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1877.

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Putkonen, A. (Ari). "Macroergonomic approach applied to work system modelling in product development contexts." Doctoral thesis, University of Oulu, 2010. http://urn.fi/urn:isbn:9789514262371.

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Abstract Product development (PD) has an important role as a key competitive factor in business environments. The capacity of designers and other stakeholders to perceive and process product related information is burdened by the increasing complexity of products and the high demands of working life. Therefore, companies need new human-centred perspectives and methods of balancing and enhancing their overall PD processes in order to develop successful products. The main motive for this research arises from the fact that ergonomics design research has been scarce from the process-oriented and systemic methods perspective. It has mainly focused on the methods, such as those needed in user interface design, and the usability and safety testing of products. The purpose of this dissertation is to consider the PD work system from the macroergonomics perspective. Macroergonomics is a top-down sociotechnical systems approach that is concerned with the analysis, design and evaluation of work systems. Nowadays, the individual user context is the dominating source of product requirements, but the designers’ work system has significant influence on its outcome as well. As an open work system, PD covers the use and design contexts of a product, not only at the individual, but also at the social and system levels. In this dissertation, the use and design contexts of products are examined through six individual studies, which were carried out during a demanding PD project of a new simulation game. In this design process, from the initial state to the goal state, macroergonomics was used as the main theoretical guideline. In many companies, PD processes are considered and developed mainly from the project management or technological points of view. However, because of the increasing complexity and systemic nature of products, PD organisations, too, will have to become more participatory, more networked and more systems oriented. As the main findings, this dissertation indicates that the macroergonomic approach can enrich the PD process and its outcomes by emphasising the balance between the technical and social subsystems of PD work system. The emerging complexity of products must be controlled from the entire PD work system, not the individual context of use only. The research introduces a new PD work system model that includes both the design and use contexts of products and demonstrates their analogical sociotechnical structures. The value of this dissertation for the industry is that companies can overcome certain emerging challenges of PD by applying the introduced macroergonomic principles. The findings of the research may encompass the re-designing of the current PD process in a company. Instead of shutting their eyes to the complexity of the surrounding world, companies should consider it as the macroergonomic PD work system and be more aware about the overall product requirements.

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Thorslund, Gustav. "Stroller Service System : How to make customer products sustainable within the planetary boundaries - using the case product ‘stroller’, PSS and a Design Thinking approach." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Maskinkonstruktion, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-160003.

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Physical customer products have an environmental impact, such as greenhouse gas emissions, due to the use of virgin resources from cradle-to-grave, especially when the origin of the material is from fossil resources. This thesis aims to create a circular business model, by investigating the product ‘stroller’ and place it in a Product Service System, where the user subscribes to the Stroller Service System. This means that the product gets a service function: ‘transportation of a child’, mapped with a user-centered approach. The main objective is to lower the ecological footprint by adopting a modular design including bio-based material and stainless steel, and also include services to address economical and social sustainability goals. The methodology that is used is divided into two parts: Status Analysis – which consists of stroller related literature study, literature review and case study, and the second part is the Design Process – creating the product-, service- and system design. The results are grounded in user insights, life cycle assessment and co-creation with experts, where the conclusions are that a PSS Model Stroller should be used by 4-6 users which translate to about 15-20 years of usage for the steel layer. The way of refurbishing the strollers is done by contract workers that exist where the users exists, i.e. Ease Stroller Hub, who change the bio-based material in-between the use-phases and hands over the refurbished stroller to the next user. Add-on services of access to car pools and grocery delivery is included in the system to ease the stroller user’s everyday life and is a way to designing out the need of owning a car, to lower the overall environmental impact.

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Roesler, Axel. "A compositional based approach to 3-dimensional form generation in product design based on music." The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1391699743.

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Borg, Jonathan C. "Design synthesis for Multi-X : a 'life-cycle consequence knowledge' approach." Thesis, University of Strathclyde, 1999. http://oleg.lib.strath.ac.uk:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21440.

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Product design decisions can result in unintended consequences that propagate across multiple life-phases such as manufacturing, use and disposal. If designers are to generate 'life-oriented' solutions, handling this phenomena is a necessity. Due to the sequence of life-phases, knowledge of such 'life-cycle consequences' (LCCs) is generated late, after decisions have been committed. Thus, designers have difficulties in foreseeing LCCs co-evolving with their solution. Further, a literature review established that, designers currently lack adequate support to foresee and explore LCCs during synthesis. To address this 'Design Synthesis for Multi-X (DsF∑X)' problem, this thesis proposes, implements and evaluates a computational 'Knowledge of life-cycle Consequences (KC)' approach. The establishment of a phenomena model disclosing how LCCs are generated from two different conditions has highlighted the necessity of concurrent 'artefact' and 'Iifephase system' synthesis. This provided a foundation of how to model and timely utilize LCC knowledge for revealing LCCs co-evolving with a solution description. This resulted in a framework for the 'KC' approach consisting of: the 'LGG knowledge modelling frame' which presents a formalism of 'what' elements to acquire and model for an application domain, together with how to structure the established relationships into 'LCC inference' and 'LCC action' knowledge; an 'artefact life modelling' frame which provides a formalism for describing 'artefact life' compositional models that support the inference of LCCs; and the 'operational frame' which discloses principles of how a LCC knowledge model can be utilized to amplify the human designer's capabilities. By identifying system requirements, an architecture and knowledge codification schemes, the framework was realized as a Knowledge Intensive GAD prototype, 'FORESEE', for the thermoplastic component domain. An evaluation of FORESEE established that the 'KC' approach integrates synthesis with foreseeing multiple LCCs. This is fundamentally different from first generating a candidate solution and afterwards analysing the solution for conflicts with artefact life issues. The 'KC' approach thus provides a step towards realizing pro-active DsF∑X support. However, further work is required to the framework and FORESEE to practically exploit its utilization.

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Srivali, Nahathai. "New approach to drug product process design : leveraging first principles modeling and cross-product process monitoring to improve process design robustness." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/99039.

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Thesis: M.B.A., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2015. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2015. In conjunction with the Leaders for Global Operations Program at MIT.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 88-89).
Abstract The vision of the Operations Technology Group at Amgen is to enable a robust pipeline through focused and efficient operations research studies. Process design is traditionally developed by performing experiments, but other approaches can be used to improve cost, efficiency, and robustness. The scope of this internship included the use of First Principles, Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD), and Cross-Product Process Monitoring (CPPM) to improve process design robustness with reduced testing and faster development cycle. The project focused specifically on the drug product development network, which included the development of processes from formulation to filling and finishing, clinical manufacturing, and technology transfer to commercial manufacturing The goal of this internship was to explore opportunities to utilize First Principles, CFD, and CPPM in drug product process design space. First Principles and CFD modeling tools were used to look into the physics of drug product filling process (specifically parameters influencing two key filling issues - drying during line stoppage and dripping between fills). Criteria for analyzing cost and benefits for the use of First Principles were also provided as strategic recommendations on where the new approach should be utilized. Clinical data were leveraged, with multivariate statistical data analysis, to determine inspection reject limit for the purpose of process monitoring and root cause analysis.
by Nahathai Srivali.
M.B.A.
S.M.

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Matthews, Jason Anthony. "A constraint-based approach for assessing the capabilities of existing designs to handle product variation." Thesis, University of Bath, 2007. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.486841.

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All production machinery is designed with an inherent capability to handle slight variations in product. This is initially achieved by simply providing adjustments to allow, for example, changes that occur in pack sizes to be accommodated, through user settings or complete sets of change parts. By the appropriate use of these abilities most variations in product can be handled. However when extreme conditions of setups, major changes in product size and configuration, are considered there is no guarantee that the existing machines are able to cope. The problem is even more difficult to deal with when completely new product families are proposed to be made on an existing product line. Such changes in product range are becoming more common as producers respond to demands for ever increasing customization and product differentiation. An issue exists due to the lack of knowledge on the capabilities of the machines being employed. This often forces the producer to undertake a series of practical product trials. These however can only be undertaken once the product form has been decided and produced in sufficient numbers. There is then little opportunity to make changes that could greatly improve the potential output of the line and reduce waste. There is thus a need for a supportive modelling approach that allows the effect of variation in products to be analyzed together with an understanding of the manufacturing machine capability. Only through their analysis and interaction can the capabilities be fully understood and refined to make production possible. This thesis presents a constraint-based approach that offers a solution to the problems above. While employing this approach it has been shown that, a generic process can be formed to identify the limiting factors (constraints) of variant products to be processed. These identified constraints can be mapped to form the potential limits of performance for the machine. The limits of performance of a system (performance envelopes) can be employed to assess the design capability to cope with product variation. The approach is successfully demonstrated on three industrial case studies.

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Medeiros, Flávio Mota. "SOPLE-DE: an approach to design service-oriented product line architectures." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2010. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/2416.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-12T15:58:03Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 2 arquivo3244_1.pdf: 2061206 bytes, checksum: d9bbab1debda0a2122b877cceb8484ed (MD5) license.txt: 1748 bytes, checksum: 8a4605be74aa9ea9d79846c1fba20a33 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2010
Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico
O reuso de software é um fator extremamente importante para empresas interessadas em aumentar sua produtividade, diminuir os custos e o tempo durante o desenvolvimento de sistemas e melhorar a qualidade de seus produtos e serviços. Nesse contexto, Linhas de Produto de Software (LPS) e Arquitetura Orientada a Serviços (SOA) são duas estratégias que estão atualmente recebendo uma grande atenção, tanto na área acadêmica quanto na indústria de software. Os conceitos de linhas de produto e arquitetura orientada a serviços compartilham alguns objetivos e características que podem ser usados em conjunto para aumentar as taxas de reuso de software. No entanto, para o resultado dessa junção ser otimizado, é necessário utilizar um processo de desenvolvimento bem definido. Caso contrário, a equipe de desenvolvimento poderá produzir software de maneira não sistemática, aumentando as chances de falha, o tempo e o custo de desenvolvimento. Com essa visão, esse trabalho apresenta uma abordagem para o projeto de arquiteturas para linhas de produto orientada a serviços, constituída de um conjunto de atividades e sub atividades com entradas e saídas especificadas, sendo cada uma delas realizada por um conjunto predefinido de papéis com responsabilidades definidas. Essa abordagem visa ajudar arquitetos de software a projetar arquitetura orientada a serviços para domínios específicos. Para garantir a qualidade da abordagem desenvolvida, uma pesquisa extensiva foi realizada para analisar o atual estado da arte de processos para o desenvolvimento orientado a serviços. Foram então considerados os pontos fracos e fortes dos processos estudados com o intuito de identificar e preencher as lacunas neles existentes. Por fim, essa abordagem foi validada e refinada por meio de um estudo acadêmico experimental preliminar

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Speidel, Joshua A. "Computational approaches to structure based ligand design : an illustration for P/CAF bromodomain ligands /." Access full-text from WCMC, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1453183061&sid=21&Fmt=2&clientId=8424&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Morgan, Jessica. "An Approach for Designing Origami-Adapted Products with Aerospace Mechanism Examples." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2015. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5778.

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The objective of this research is to develop a design process for origami-adapted products and demonstrate it using aerospace mechanism examples. Origami-adapted design is a type of origami-based design. Origami-based design ranges from abstract to concrete applications of origami to design and includes: origami-inspired design, origami-adapted design, and origami-applied design. Origami-adapted design adapts origami fold patterns into products while preserving functionality. Some of the desirable attributes of origami that are sought after in design include: 1) reduced number of parts, 2) stowability, 3) deployability, 4) transportability, 5) manufacturability from a flat sheet of material, 6) ease of miniaturization, 7) a single manufacturing technique (folding) and 8) low material volume and mass. The proposed origami-adapted design process has four steps: define the problem, identify an origami solution, modify the fold pattern, and integrate. Intermediate steps apply tools to analyze and modify the origami fold pattern according to the design requirements. The first step defines whether origami is a viable solution by evaluating a set of starting criteria. Once it has been determined that origami is a viable solution, the design process guides the designer through a series of steps that modify the origami crease pattern until the final design is reached. The origami-adapted design process is applied to the design of three aerospace mechanism examples: an origami bellows, an expandable habitat, and a deployable parabolic antenna. The design process is followed throughout the design of these aerospace mechanisms. The origami bellows is designed and tested as a highly compressible origami bellows for harsh environments. It can be designed to endure 100,000+ cycles in fatigue and underwent testing for thermal cycling, abrasion, and radiation. The second example is a proof-of-concept expandable habitat for implementation as a module on the International Space Station. The design process aides in selecting an origami crease pattern and modifying it for thick, rigid materials. The last example is a deployable parabolic antenna. It is based on the flasher fold pattern with a wedge of the pattern removed to create curvature. It is experimentally verified to be approximately parabolic. The examples are shown to follow the origami-adapted design process and that the design process is flexible to accommodate a design's needs.

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Ashok, Sylvester Vikram. "An integrated product – process development (IPPD) based approach for rotorcraft drive system sizing, synthesis and design optimization." Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/49128.

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Engineering design may be viewed as a decision making process that supports design tradeoffs. The designer makes decisions based on information available and engineering judgment. The designer determines the direction in which the design must proceed, the procedures that need to be adopted, and develops a strategy to perform successive decisions. The design is only as good as the decisions made, which is in turn dependent on the information available. Information is time and process dependent. This thesis work focuses on developing a coherent bottom-up framework and methodology to improve information transfer and decision making while designing complex systems. The rotorcraft drive system is used as a test system for this methodology. The traditional serial design approach required the information from one discipline and/or process in order to proceed with the subsequent design phase. The Systems Engineering (SE) implementation of Concurrent Engineering (CE) and Integrated Product and Process Development (IPPD) processes tries to alleviate this problem by allowing design processes to be performed in parallel and collaboratively. The biggest challenge in implementing Concurrent Engineering is the availability of information when dealing with complex systems such as aerospace systems. The information is often incomplete, with large amounts of uncertainties around the requirements, constraints and system objectives. As complexity increases, the design process starts trending back towards a serial design approach. The gap in information can be overcome by either “softening” the requirements to be adaptable to variation in information or to delay the decision. Delayed decisions lead to expensive modifications and longer product design lifecycle. Digitization of IPPD tools for complex system enables the system to be more adaptable to changing requirements. Design can proceed with “soft” information and decisions adapted as information becomes available even at early stages. The advent of modern day computing has made digitization and automation possible and feasible in engineering. Automation has demonstrated superior capability in design cycle efficiency [1]. When a digitized framework is enhanced through automation, design can be made adaptable without the requirement for human interaction. This can increase productivity, and reduce design time and associated cost. An important aspect in making digitization feasible is having the availability of parameterized Computer Aided Design (CAD) geometry [2]. The CAD geometry gives the design a physical form that can interact with other disciplines and geometries. Central common CAD database allows other disciplines to access information and extract requirements; this feature is of immense importance while performing systems syntheses. Through database management using a Product Lifecycle Management (PLM) system, Integrated Product Teams (IPTs) can exchange information between disciplines and develop new designs more efficiently by collaborating more and from far [3]. This thesis focuses on the challenges associated with automation and digitization of design. Making more information available earlier goes jointly with making the design adaptable to new information. Using digitized sizing, synthesis, cost analysis and integration, the drive system design is brought in to early design. With modularity as the objective, information transfer is made streamlined through the use of a software integration suite. Using parametric CAD tools, a novel ‘Fully-Relational Design’ framework is developed where geometry and design are adaptable to related geometry and requirement changes. During conceptual and preliminary design stages, the airframe goes through many stages of modifications and refinement; these changes affect the sub-system requirements and its design optimum. A fully-relational design framework takes this into account to create interfaces between disciplines. A novel aspect of the fully-relational design methodology is to include geometry, spacing and volume requirements in the system design process. Enabling fully-relational design has certain challenges, requiring suitable optimization and analysis automation. Also it is important to ensure that the process does not get overly complicated. So the method is required to possess the capability to intelligently propagate change. There is a need for suitable optimization techniques to approach gear train type design problems, where the design variables are discrete in nature and the values a variables can assume is a result of cascading effects of other variables. A heuristic optimization method is developed to analyze this multimodal problem. Experiments are setup to study constraint dependencies, constraint-handling penalty methods, algorithm tuning factors and innovative techniques to improve the performance of the algorithm. Inclusion of higher fidelity analysis in early design is an important element of this research. Higher fidelity analyses such as nonlinear contact Finite Element Analysis (FEA) are useful in defining true implied stresses and developing rating modification factors. The use of Topology Optimization (TO) using Finite Element Methods (FEM) is proposed here to study excess material removal in the gear web region.

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Mitchell, Sean R. "A feature-based approach to the Computer-Aided Design of sculptured products." Thesis, Loughborough University, 1996. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/35582.

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Computer-Aided Design systems offer considerable potential for improving design process efficiency. To reduce the 'ease of use' barrier hindering full realisation of this potential amongst general mechanical engineering industries, many commercial systems are adopting a Feature-Based Design (FBD) metaphor. Typically the user is allowed to define and manipulate the design model using interface elements that introduce and control parametric geometry clusters, with engineering meaning, representing specific product features (such as threaded holes, slots, pockets and bosses). Sculptured products, such as golf club heads, shoe lasts, crockery and sanitary ware, are poorly supported by current FBD systems and previous research, because their complex shapes cannot be accurately defined using the geometrically primitive feature sets implemented. Where sculptured surface regions are allowed for, the system interface, data model and functionality are little different from that already provided in many commercial surface modelling systems, and so offer very little improvement in ease of use, quality or efficiency. This thesis presents research to propose and develop an FBD methodology and system suitable for sculptured products.

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Ikonopisov, Anthony. "A concurrent engineering approach to design for assembly with manufactuirng cost constraint." Thesis, De Montfort University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.391540.

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Trivedi, Dharti Rajendra. "Beauty lies in the mind of the beholder: A resource matching approach to understanding the halo effectand the aesthetic middle principle." Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1565023601243277.

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Robertson, Jason Liu Tsai Lu. "A scalable approach for deciphering core rationales as the foundation of new product development." Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1642.

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McKellar, Robert W. (Robert William). "Staying nimble : a flexible approach to complex product development in a rigid environment." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/100380.

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Thesis: S.M. in Engineering and Management, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, System Design and Management Program, 2015.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 65-67).
Incorporating flexibility into business processes can provide organizations with increased agility to respond to uncertainty within complex product development projects spanning across many years and many organizations. Current methods used for determining value in order to justify associated costs for implementing and maintaining process flexibility are not sufficient in capturing the full worth of flexibilities within processes. A framework is developed which builds upon on prior research to assess value of flexibility within product development processes, combining benefits of rigid constraints with flexible options. Valuation of a simple potential flexibility within an aircraft development project is used to demonstrate the use of the framework in practice and to evaluate strengths and weaknesses of the framework. The method of valuation provides benefit of capturing hidden value that would otherwise be ignored or left on the table and provides further insight into the behavior of the process flexibility in a manner which leads to optimization of that flexibility. However, adoption of the framework is hindered by the skillset required in practice along with the inherent inability to demonstrate its full value, as measured by actual performance.
by Robert W. McKellar.
S.M. in Engineering and Management

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Mathai, Thomas Kidangalil. "A system dynamics approach for robust product planning and strategy based on simulated market performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/91741.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design & Management Program, 2002.
"February 2002."
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 97-99).
by Thomas K. Mathai.
S.M.

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Fu, Yongxiao. "A haptic-based approach for the conceptual design of multi-material products." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2008. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B40987991.

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Diaz, Garcia J. Adrian. "Network analysis of technical and organizational configurations : using an alignment approach to enhance product development performance." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/47856.

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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, System Design and Management Program, 2009.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 203-212).
In an attempt to improve their Product Development Processes (PDPs), many companies make considerable investments to have available cutting-edge technology such as virtual tools. While some companies have increased their productivity and time to market with them, some others have not. There seem to be fundamental factors above and beyond the use of these tools that can obstruct the PDP and one of them appears to be the misalignment between the product architecture and the organizational interactions of the actors working on it. While there has been significant work addressing the technical and social concerns of a PDP independently, the nature of the misalignment requires an integrated analysis of the product architecture and the organization. The present work studies them in an integrated approach by making use of network analyses. The research for this thesis was conducted in a Global Product Development (GPD) project of an automotive manufacturer. By first using as a reference the Multidisciplinary System Design Optimization (MSDO) to decompose the architecture of a product and then, using a specific type of Design Structure Matrix (DSM) [43] called N2 Diagram to identify the interfaces of the architecture, a network called theoretical sociogram was created. In addition, the relative sensitivity of some objectives describing the functioning of the product's systems was calculated to classify the strength of the ties in two levels: strong for those above an absolute relative sensitivity of 0.5, and weak for those with an absolute relative sensitivity lower or equal than 0.5.
(cont.) Furthermore, through surveys and interviews, the organizational interactions for two different phases of the project were mapped to construct a new set of networks called actual sociograms. By comparing the sociograms and utilizing metrics that deal with the centrality of the actors in the network, the misalignments were identified. The misalignments provided guidance to identify the enablers and obstacles influencing the PDP. It was observed that, in some cases, when the sensitivity among variables was weak, engineering teams tend to use intermediaries to share information. In some other circumstances the direct interaction doesn't occur, due to reasons including cultural aspects, complexity of the information, the way the information is structured and organizational fuzziness, among others. Based on these findings, some recommendations based on literature review, lessons learned from other industries and conversations with Product Development (PD) actors, are provided.
by J. Adrian Diaz Garcia.
S.M.

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Kugathasan, Praba. "A feature-based approach to design information management - multiple viewpoint dependent models for the product introduction process." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.262727.

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Zeng, Yong. "Axiomatic approach to the modeling of product conceptual design processes using set theory." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq64894.pdf.

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Savas, Sinan. "A systems approach in product design of a novel single-pan scanning calorimeter." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31482.

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Industrial processes, such as casting and welding, are frequently simulated using computer models which require the materials thermophysical properties of alloys as a function of temperature with higher precision. These properties include the heat capacity, the enthalpy, the thermal conductivity the liquid fraction and the solid fraction. The thermophysical data is normally measured using thermal analysis methods; the most common instrument used is the Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC). However, accuracy in the DSC measurement is limited by the instrument kinetics because it measures the thermal response of a furnace to a crucible that contains the sample, rather than a direct measurement. In particular, when phase transition occurs in a sample, several problems arise including significant errors in measuring apparent transition temperatures and enthalpy changes of the transition. Continuous efforts are often devoted to designing calorimeters that can measure materials thermophysical properties with a higher accuracy. Recently Dong and Hunt proposed a Single-Pan Scanning Calorimetry (SPSC) which can significantly reduce the measurement error via a novel single-pan concept. In this study, the systems approach has been adopted to examine the product for the SPSC. The systems approach involves the use of appropriate methods in a strategic manner that should lead to better product design. Measuring the transition temperature and enthalpy change of pure aluminium and some commercial aluminium alloys has tested the designed and built calorimeter. The measured results revealed a high accuracy in enthalpy data, excellent reproducibility and high resolution in determining transient temperature. It is concluded that the new instrument is a promising device that can achieve reliable and reproducible materials thermophysical data.

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Thomas, Ellen. "Antecedents and Outcomes to Implementing a Top-down Approach to Platform Product Design." Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2010. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/99127.

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Business Administration/Marketing
Ph.D.
This dissertation investigates causal factors that lead to implementing a top-down approach to platform product design as well as performance outcomes from such a design. A top-down approach to platform product design requires intentional planning of a new platform-based product design during the new product development process, incorporating a level of modularity into the new design, and planning derivative products based on common subsystems and interfaces. A thorough review of literature was used to build a theory of platform product design founded on risks and benefits. Benefits are that platform design can drive revenue, introduce cost and time efficiencies, lead to more reliable products and offer managerial benefits in the form of adjacencies. Risks include increased costs and time to market for the first product, reduced revenue due to commonality, sub-optimal product design, and increased management complexity during the NPD process. A conceptual model was then developed encompassing antecedents, contributing factors, and market performance measures to implementing a top-down approach to new platform product design. The model was empirically tested in the context of U.S. manufacturing firms using data collected from 249 manufacturing product design managers. Respondents included managers from B2B firms and B2C firms as well as small and large firms. In order to test the model, a new continuous multidimensional measurement scale of top-down platform product design was developed. Results showed that market turbulence, technological turbulence, a product that is new to the market and competitive strategies of differentiation and design for supportability are positively related to platform design. Firm type - B2B versus B2C - and firm size - large firms versus small firms - was found to moderate this relationship. Regarding firm type, products that are new to the market are positively related to platform design for B2C firms, not B2B firms, while a competitive strategy of design for supportability is positively related to platform design for B2B firms, not B2C firms. Regarding firm size, a competitive strategy of design for supportability is positively related to platform design for large firms, not small firms. These findings suggest that an important predictor of top-down platform design is risk or uncertainty. Results also showed that top-down platform product design is positively related to both short term and long term market performance although this relationship is significantly greater for long term market performance. In the short-term, performance as measured by sales and market share was greater than performance as measured by profits. In the long-term, performance measured by sales and profits was greater than performance measured by market share. Organizational support in the form of management buy-in and cross-functional integration partially mediates the relationship between platform design and long term market performance. Finally, strategic flexibility was found to have an inverse relationship with top-down platform down. Firms lacking strategic flexibility were more likely to pursue a top-down platform design. This is in line with findings that suggest top-down platform design is undertaken when uncertainty is high and strategic flexibility is an advantage These findings contradict conventional wisdom in new product development literature and offer a better understanding of why platform design is important in a way that has not been previously defined.
Temple University--Theses

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Roa, Seungwan. "Internet interpersonal communications : an industrial design approach to interfaces and products." Thesis, Goldsmiths College (University of London), 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.406790.

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The Internet provides interpersonal communication that does not merely emulate the 'real' world but offers radically innovative design options; this study investigates related theoretical contexts to expound new conclusions which recognise both non-pre-existing needs and long-term concerns from an industrial design perspective. The study consists of a contextual section and a practice-related section, and generates preliminary design recommendations in the contextual section as a result of exploring and reviewing: 1) socio-psychological; 2) socio-technological; and 3) technological contexts related to internet interpersonal communication. The preliminary design recommendations are based on the most significant internet interpersonal communication potential identified in the contextual section: 1) the absence of the physical body, 2) the need for artificial interfaces, 3) requirements of human-to-human interaction, and 4) support of controllability. The practice-related section, utilising simulated practice activity, assesses each preliminary design recommendation in terms of its degree of practicality and efficiency, and concludes with an identification of the most important principles for internet interpersonal communication interface and product design as below: a) To design the interface as an efficient self-presenter considering human-tohuman interaction preferentially, and b) To harmonise the technological provisions and distinct internet interpersonal communication opportunities as a benefit for individual users. The preliminary design recommendations are further revised with respect to their hierarchical relations in connection with the principles above, and it is suggested that 'omni-dimensional interface/design' would be a sensible direction for internet interpersonal communication interface and product design as well as for most design disciplines related to information communications technologies. In addition, industrial designers focusing on service design could offer effective and efficient guidance to an industry in which technology is becoming less tangible and in which multidisciplinary collaboration is necessary

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Fu, Yongxiao, and 傅永霄. "A haptic-based approach for the conceptual design of multi-material products." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2008. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B40987991.

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Євстаф`єва, Єлизавета Олегівна, Елизавета Олеговна Евстафьева, and Yelyzaveta Olehivna Yevstafieva. "Synergetic approach to the description of realization of the product at the stages of design, manufacturing and operation." Thesis, Sumy State University, 2016. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/46914.

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Efficiency of programmable logic controller functioning is in many respects connected with presence of corresponding objective laws of management, which are capable to consider condition and changes of the internal and the external environment. Problems management of such dynamic systems are rather relevant and require new theoretical approaches. A present economic crisis is an acknowledgement of that.

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Matschewsky, Johannes. "What’s in it for the Provider? : A Lifecycle-Focused Approach towards Designing for Value in Product-Service Systems." Licentiate thesis, Linköpings universitet, Industriell miljöteknik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-130977.

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Combining products and services into Product-Service Systems (PSS), which are often owned and even operated by the company offering them, is seen as an important element of conducting more sustainable business. The prospective environmental benefits of PSS lie mainly in the improved resource- and operational efficiency. This is achieved by way of a critical shift in incentive structure: If an industrial company assumes responsibility for an offering throughout the lifecycle, the terms on which that company operates are changed substantially in comparison to traditional product sales. Instead of benefiting from a short lifetime through additional sales opportunities or making profit through the sale of spare parts, in highly integrated PSS, each parts exchange, each technicians’ visit and each day the lifetime of the offering is reduced directly affects the bottom line of the provider. Due to that, solely as a result of economic rationality, a provider of these offerings has an incentive to design in such a way that the life of this offering is prolonged, need for spare parts is reduced, service activities are facilitated and simplified, and that the conditions are in place to allow for a second or third life of the offering through remanufacturing. Regardless of this compelling logic, at times, industrial companies fail to establish the preconditions to capturing these benefits as they continue to rely on product and sales-centric design processes even though they provide PSS. This thesis aims to examine this unexploited opportunity from two vantage points. On the one hand, methods conceived in academia to support industry in implementing and executing joint, lifecycle-focused design of products and services, and the use of these methods in practice, are examined. Here, the focus firstly lies on understanding how PSS are designed today, and secondly, on what should change about PSS design methods to improve their implementability and usability in industrial practice, so that they can fulfill their supposed role as facilitators of efficient PSS design and operation. On the other hand, the possible benefits of providing specifically designed and lifecycle-focused PSS as an industrial company are in focus. To this end, the value attained by providers throughout the use phase of PSS is investigated, to then identify possible approaches towards enhancing this value. Eventually, both focus-areas are joined in an effort to examine the interaction between method-supported, lifecycle-oriented PSS design and the value attained by providers of such offerings. As a result of the research, a lacking adaptation of design processes to PSS is identified in the case companies. Further, shortcomings of PSS design methods conceived in academia, e.g. excessive complexity, lacking clarity and rigidity, are found in both literature as well as in a study with an industrial company. To take a first step towards rectifying this issue, six characteristics intended to enhance implementability and usability of PSS design methods, are presented. The value attained by PSS providers has been found to be a complex but important subject. In a case study, value determinants of high relevance to the use phase of the lifecycle have been identified and assessed for their utility as indicators in the evaluation and enhancement of PSS offerings in the design phase. The practitioners involved were supportive of the applicability of the systematic approach presented to capture more value through offering PSS. In joining both the value- and method-oriented approach, the mutual dependency of both aspects is discussed. In order to provide PSS in an economically and environmentally efficient fashion, adapting the existing design processes is imperative. The value attained by the provider can, complementary to existing customer-centric approaches, serve as an important goal for the adaptation of design processes. Ultimately, through understanding the change in incentive structure at the core of PSS, and through implementing a value-driven design process supported by efficient and effective methods aimed at providing both customer value and capturing provider benefits throughout the lifecycle, there is a genuine potential of conducting more sustainable business.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Product design approaches'

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