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Journal articles on the topic 'Product competitiveness estimation'
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1
Matveeva, Е. A., and S. G. Simagina. "Manufacturing Process Optimization at Enterprises." Key Engineering Materials 684 (February 2016): 409–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.684.409.
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The article deals with competitiveness ensuring of enterprises at the expense of computerized control systems creation in production of highly engineered products on the basis of solving optimization problems on product startup estimation, estimation and redistribution of machine utilization, manufacturing process modelling.
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Huang, Wen Quan, Kai Shi Li, and Hai Jun Liu. "The Research and Development of Mechanical Product Turning Processing Cost Estimation System." Applied Mechanics and Materials 121-126 (October 2011): 3612–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.121-126.3612.
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This paper adopts the method labor time standard, in the development environment of VC++, using Access database storage costs data, and the cost results output into Excel, developed mechanical product turning processing manufacturing cost estimation system. Using this system can realize turning processing cost estimation and feedback the cost information of mechanical product turning processing, make a design personnel to understand the cost information, to improve design, reduce the cost, improve the market competitiveness of products
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Katernyuk, Аleksej V., and Elizaveta V. Mezhevaya. "ESTIMATING COMPETITIVENESS OF ADVERTISING COMPANY THROUGH INTEGRAL INDEXES." Vestnik of the Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, no. 3 (June 30, 2019): 176–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21686/2413-2829-2019-3-176-184.
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The article studies a well-known integral methodology of estimating company competitiveness. It shows the possibility to use it in practice, in particular for advertising agencies. In order to estimate competitiveness such methods as formalization, comparison, modeling and sociometry were used. The author came to the conclusion about possible application of this methodology for advertising service assessment. Models used earlier for estimation of competitiveness were oriented to the product as a physical object with a number of characteristic s (from compliance with standards to subjective appraisal by customers). Assessment of service competitiveness includes both the attitude to the product (in case service rendering is connected with a physical product) and the attitude to the company that provides the service, which can be positive, if the process of sale/purchase was pleasant or adverse, if not. The author put forward an extended appraisal of features of the whole process of client servicing. In view of its practical application this algorithm can be used both by advertising agencies (market participants) and state bodies controlling competition of the market (such as the Federal Antitrust Service).
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Kozlova, A. A. "ANALYSIS OF GROUPS OF COMPETITIVENESS INDICATORS." EKONOMIKA I UPRAVLENIE: PROBLEMY, RESHENIYA 1, no. 2 (2022): 49–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.36871/ek.up.p.r.2022.02.01.006.
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This article covers the topic of the analysis of groups of indicators of competitiveness of the product (chips of natural potato flavor "Dorblu cheese") of the company Bon Giorno. The article presents the calculation of weighting coefficients, which is made by two methods such as: the method of point estimation and the expert method. Seven expert groups took part in determining the evaluation of consumer properties and quality indicators of the goods. In the course of the study, the following recommendations were made: to improve the product quality level, to expand the consumer segment, to increase the company's competitive growth in the market. And also the main groups of factors influencing the consumer's decision to purchase goods were determined, as it is the buyers who form the demand for one or another product in the market.
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Li, Kai Shi, Wen Quan Huang, and Hai Jun Liu. "The Application and Research for Estimation Method of Turning Cost." Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (February 2011): 716–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.716.
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The paper introduces a estimation method of turning cost applied to various kinds of lathe. The method can estimate the lathe machining cost of product in initial design and feedback the cost information for the designers improvement design and improve the market competitiveness of product.
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Magacho, Guilherme, Rafael Ribeiro, and Igor Rocha. "Economic complexity and price competitiveness dependence: empirical evidence using panel models." International Journal of Development Issues 21, no. 1 (December 21, 2021): 142–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijdi-07-2021-0141.
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Purpose As economies with high economic complexity and productive capabilities may easily adapt their productive structure due to product differentiation and innovation, the central variable of competitiveness for these countries is the product quality, not price. On the other hand, the price can be an important determinant of less complex countries, and hence, real exchange rate (RER) misalignments may have long-term impacts. This paper aims to empirically assess variations in the magnitude of the impact in RER misalignments on output growth subject to countries’ economic complexity. Design/methodology/approach The estimation technique used is the generalized method of moments-System estimator as this method is robust to reverse causality. Heterogeneous regressions using interaction models are undertaken to analyze to what extend promoting economic complexity can reduce price competitiveness dependence and allow countries to grow faster without relying on cost competitiveness. Findings Estimates show that economic complexity (which measures technological and productive capabilities) determines cross-country differences regarding the effects of RER misalignments on countries’ long-term growth rates. The results suggest that exchange rate devaluations may not be effective for countries at the top end of the technological ladder while an overvalued RER may damage the long-term growth rate of countries with low levels of economic complexity. Originality/value This paper contributes to the literature by empirically investigating the impact of RER misalignments in countries with distinct technological and productive capabilities based on the recent developments of countries’ economic complexity analysis. It investigates whether more diversified and complex economies are less sensitive to RER misalignments as they can adapt their production, undertake other tasks, create new products and increase the quality of products they produce. Less complex economies, on the other hand, are less capable of innovating because it demands productive capabilities they do not have, and hence, they are more dependent on their current export basket.
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Matkovski, Bojan, Branimir Kalaš, Stanislav Zekić, and Marija Jeremić. "Agri-food competitiveness in South East Europe." Outlook on Agriculture 48, no. 4 (June 9, 2019): 326–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0030727019854770.
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The purpose of this article is to determine the level of competitiveness of agri-food products in South East European (SEE) countries within the processes of European Union (EU) and regional integration as well as to find the factors that determine agri-food competitiveness. This article uses the revealed comparative advantages (RCAs) index to find the level of comparative advantage of agri-food products. Additionally, a model for identifying the determinants of the SEE agri-food comparative advantage was constructed and estimated. The results show that all SEE countries (except for Albania) have comparative advantages in the agri-food sector as part of the global market. Also, the estimation of the model shows that partial productivities in agriculture have a positive impact on comparative advantage while gross domestic product (GDP) per capita has a negative impact. This article makes a useful review of competitiveness of agri-food sector in SEE countries and determines which factors are significant for an RCA index. This is essential for policymakers to identify what determinants improve or degrade competitiveness of the agri-food sector in SEE countries.
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Хаммадеева and Leysan Khammadeeva. "Assessment of agricultural enterprises competitiveness." Vestnik of Kazan State Agrarian University 8, no. 3 (October 24, 2013): 46–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1328.
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In Russia’s accession to the WTO the problem of improving the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises is one of the most important problems in the economy. The starting point of the solution to this problem is the assessment of the competitiveness of businesses. This article consists of an introduction, body and conclusion. In the introduction the authors justify the need to develop methods of competitiveness of agricultural enterprises. The body offers assessing methodology of the competitiveness of agricultural enterprises. The conclusion shows the issues and problems, that can be solved with the help of the author of the proposed methodology for assessing the competitiveness of the agricultural enterprises. The article describes and analyzes different methods and approaches to the assessment of the competitiveness of enterprises, the comparative analysis, revealed their shortcomings. The proposed method of estimation of competitiveness of agricultural consists of two phases: the definition of current competitiveness and identification of potential competitiveness. The author builds a method on the use of such indicators to determine the competitiveness of the agricultural enterprises, as the actual profitability of commercial products , the actual volume of sales , the potential profitability of commodity production and sales potential product market . This method allows to determine the competitiveness of enterprises in the various markets of agricultural products, to develop measures to improve the competitiveness in time to determine the need to go on a new market , to make strategic decisions, that contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the enterprise.
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Petrov, Igor, Veniamin Kharitonov, and Marina Polyakova. "Procedure for Evaluating Competitiveness of Production Processes." Materials Science Forum 946 (February 2019): 726–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.946.726.
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At present time a lot of methods are used for the assessment of product quality level, as well as its manufacturing perspectives. Only quantitative data can be used in order to compare the competitiveness of products, facilities, companies, etc. But methods for quantitative assessment of technological processes competitiveness have not been still proposed. The present paper describes a developed procedure for evaluation the competitiveness of technological processes. It takes into consideration the main factors which are used for estimation of process effectiveness: quality of products, level of applied technologies and production costs. In order to range these parameters, it is proposed to use weighting factors for each of them. An integrated efficiency index may vary within a range of 0 to 1. This method allows not only evaluating competitiveness of production processes, but also choosing the most rational production process, based on required properties of the processed item. The application of the developed approach is shown on the example of reinforcing steel manufacturing, which can be produced in different ways. The obtained results of calculation present a comparison of selected manufacturing techniques by the following parameters: strength and ductility properties of reinforcing bars, an applied forming method, possibility of a layer winding and a range of diameters of bars in coils. It is shown that the developed model makes it possible to determine a trend in development or adjustment of operating parameters for existing options of processes applied at an operating plant.
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Xing, Tao, Guan Wang, Lin Yuan, Yusheng Liu, Xiaoping Ye, and Jianjun Zhao. "A systematic estimation approach for the importance of engineering characteristics based on online reviews." Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part B: Journal of Engineering Manufacture 234, no. 11 (June 23, 2020): 1433–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954405420918156.
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Online reviews are a new source for the valuable voice of customers. By identifying the customer’s opinion, designers can comprehend the important features of a product to satisfy customer demand, thus enhancing the market competitiveness of the product. Customers have opinions on multiple aspects of products hidden in reviews, and sentiment divergence may exist. Moreover, there is a gap between customer requirements and the product’s system requirements. How to effectively analyze a large number of reviews to extract the aspect-level customer opinion and thus determine the most important product engineering characteristics in design are the critical challenges for market-driven design. A systematic requirement analysis framework is proposed in this work. First, a convolutional neural network and sentiment analysis are used for opinion mining of online reviews. Then, based on fuzzy logic, the customer sentiment divergence (which is quantified by controversy indexes) and the average sentiment of a requirement are used to determine the degree of satisfaction. Finally, based on the product’s quality function development matrix, the satisfaction and frequency of the customer requirements are used to estimate the importance of the product’s engineering characteristics, which identifies the focus of product design. A case study of a hair dryer is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed methods.
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OLEINYKOVA, Olena, Mariia PANCHENKO, and Tetiana HINDA. "Methodological aspects of evaluation of competitiveness of the enterprise." Economics. Finances. Law, no. 12/1 (December 29, 2020): 19–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.37634/efp.2020.12(1).4.
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Introduction. In modern conditions of formation and development of market relations before each enterprise there is a problem of an estimation of a level of competitiveness in order to strengthen a competitive position and to offer effective directions of increase. The purpose of the paper is to analyze the methodological foundations of the competitiveness of the enterprise as a starting point for further development, the ability to achieve strategic goals and objectives. Results. Modern approaches and practical recommendations aimed at determining the essence of assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise are substantiated. Emphasis is placed on the importance of enterprise competitiveness in the overall economic development of the country. The sequence of actions during the assessment of product competitiveness is offered. The methodological aspects of assessing the competitiveness of the enterprise are determined, the classification of methods of assessing the competitiveness and the choice of the optimal method are given. Conclusion. Improving the state of the country's economy cannot happen without increasing the competitiveness of enterprises themselves. Proper assessment of the company's competitiveness allows management to identify key competitors, analyze their behavior strategy, see their own place in the market and develop their own strategy for further behavior to neutralize competitors and increase their profits.
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Varblane, Uku, and Sven-Kristjan Bormann. "Does the pursuit of more complex products contribute to the productivity of exporting firms?" International Journal of Manpower 40, no. 6 (September 2, 2019): 1131–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijm-03-2018-0092.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to contribute to the literature on learning by exporting by investigating whether an increase in the complexity of exported products contributes to higher productivity at the firm level. Design/methodology/approach The study implements an empirical analysis for Estonian manufacturing firms involved in exporting for the period 2008–2014, adding product complexity as an explanatory variable in the production function estimation. An increase in product complexity is interpreted as an indirect proxy for an increase in firm capabilities, capturing both tangible and intangible elements of competitiveness and reflecting the learning effects. Findings A relatively weak correlation between product complexity and productivity was found using a simple OLS estimation – exporters with higher product complexity have generally higher productivity levels. Somewhat surprisingly, no evidence for the learning by exporting was found among exporters, meaning that the increased complexity does not seem to be a channel for productivity upgrading. This result seems to be robust, irrespective of estimation methods and sampling preferences. Research limitations/implications The sample is representative of exporting firms. Practical implications The results show that the pursuit to more complex product does not necessarily contribute to productivity for exporting firms. The findings suggest that the firm-level upgrading due to increased export orientation is likely to take place through the other channels like moving up in global value chains and differentiating by product quality. Originality/value This is one of the first papers to investigate the effect of product complexity on productivity at a firm level. The results provide new insights into the learning-by-exporting hypothesis, with focus on potential learning among the existing exporters.
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Nesheim, Sveinung, Kjell Arne Malo, and Nathalie Labonnote. "Competitiveness of Timber Floor Elements: An Assessment of Structural Properties, Production, Costs, and Carbon Emissions." Forest Products Journal 71, no. 2 (March 1, 2021): 111–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.13073/fpj-d-20-00067.
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Abstract As long-spanning timber floor elements attempt to achieve a meaningful market share, proof of serviceability continues to be a demanding task as international consensus remains unsettled. Initiatives to improve vibration levels are achievable, but a lack of confidence in the market is resulting in increases in margins for both manufacturers and contractors. State-of-the-art concrete alternatives are offered at less than half the price, and even though timber floors offer reduced completion costs and low carbon emissions, the market is continuously reserved. Cost reductions for timber floor elements to competitive levels must be pursued throughout the product details and in the stages of manufacturing. As new wood products are introduced to the market, solution space is increased to levels that demand computerized optimization models, which require accurate expenditure predictions. To meet this challenge, a method called item-driven activity-based consumption (IDABC) has been developed and presented in this study. The method establishes an accurate relationship between product specifications and overall resource consumption linked to finished manufactured products. In addition to production time, method outcomes include cost distributions, including labor costs, and carbon emissions for both accrued materials and production-line activities. A novel approach to resource estimation linked to assembly friendliness is also presented. IDABC has been applied to a timber component and assembly line operated by a major manufacturer in Norway and demonstrates good agreement with empirical data.
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Winzar, Hume, Chris Baumann, and Wujin Chu. "Brand competitiveness." International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management 30, no. 1 (January 8, 2018): 637–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijchm-11-2016-0619.
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Purpose This paper aims to introduce the concept of consumer-based brand value (CBBV), a change in the perspective of brand-equity and brand value from one where the brand is considered separately from other brands. The purpose of this paper is threefold: highlighting the theoretical difference between brand equity and brand value (Raggio and Leone, 2007); conceptually linking brand equity with brand value and then with brand competitiveness; and demonstrating a straightforward method for scholars and practitioners to measure brand value and then to forecast and simulate brand competitiveness. Design/methodology/approach On a sample of 190 postgraduate students, the authors apply the conjoint analysis and best-worst scaling to illustrate our CBBV model. Following Keller (1993), the authors operationalise brand equity as the outcome of consumers’ internal mental processes, in the form of brand preference, and show how preferences data can be transformed into estimates of brand value in the form of price premium. Finally, the model allows market share simulation based on manipulation of branding and brand features. Findings The paper is more a conceptual piece, highlighting the distinction between brand equity and brand value. It also demonstrates a relatively new measurement technique for transforming measures of brand equity, in the form of brand preferences, into estimates of brand value. The paper used airlines as a service-provider example, but the technique can be applied to many hospitality and service environments. Research limitations/implications The study demonstrates how brand equity drives brand value via consumer utility, and proposes a CBBV–competitiveness chain. The authors convert individual consumer preference data to brand value with subsequent preference-based market segmentation, and estimate competitiveness in two ways: market share ceteris paribus and price premium for brand indifference. They also demonstrate how market simulation can be performed so that it allows forecasting of competitiveness (market share) based on product attributes that affect brand value. Practical implications The CBBV–competitiveness chain constitutes a (new) mindset in the marketing of hospitality, tourism and other services. The study provides a method to measure and test the components of this model and determine brand competitiveness. It used airlines in the example, but the method can be applied to many different settings such as, for example, hotel management group (Starwood, Accor, Intercontinental, Hilton). The authors show how the method allows for benefit-based market segmentation, market-share forecasting and estimation of price premium. Originality value The CBBV chain provides a conceptual link between brand equity, brand value and brand competitiveness. When equity and related constructs are often conceptualised as relative to competition, they are rarely actually measured in that manner. The study shows how brand equity measured as preferences can be transformed into brand value and competitiveness relative to the competition. The combination of conjoint analysis and best–worst scaling is relatively new to the hospitality and services industries. The authors show that these tools can be applied to these industries without depending on costly software or high-priced consultants.
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Hutahayan, Benny, and Stefanus Yufra. "Innovation speed and competitiveness of food small and medium-sized enterprises (SME) in Malang, Indonesia." Journal of Science and Technology Policy Management 10, no. 5 (November 20, 2019): 1152–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstpm-12-2017-0071.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the role of creative destruction as mediation between the speed of innovation and competitiveness of food small and medium enterprises (SMEs). Creative destruction that is competence-based and market-based is usually done by incumbent enterprises to create barrier to entry and widen the distance with similar businesses, then the role of creative destruction as a mediation to strengthen the competitiveness is investigated. Design/methodology/approach To test this, data were collected from 161 SMEs that is the food SME population in Great Malang covering three areas namely Malang Municipality, Malang Regency and Batu Municipality. warp partial least square-structural equation modeling (WarpPLS-SEM) was applied because parameter estimation with WarpPLS-SEM is very efficient because it has greater statistical requirements than other covariant-based methods, which is more likely to deliver results that match the population condition (significant if that is in fact significant in the population). Findings The pace of innovation development is very important to improve the competitiveness of food SMEs. The idea of innovation is quickly realized and products that enter the market faster have a greater chance to improve competitiveness through profit and productivity. The pace of innovation development enhances the competitiveness of food SMEs. This study proves that competitiveness can be increased once the pace of innovation development is followed by creative destruction. Creative destruction in this case is done through increased competence and maintain the innovations that have been achieved by food SMEs. Increased business competence could be conducted through cost efficiency enhancing product quality and improving worker skill. It is conducted while maintaining the achieved innovation to strengthen the market network customer service and innovation in product packaging. The government’s role is proven not to strengthen the relationship of the pace of innovation development and competitiveness of food SMEs. The role of the government is reflected through credit facilities business licensing promotion marketing and training. These have been carried out by the government. Nevertheless, these activities do not generate widespread impact in strengthening the pace of innovation development to enhance the competitiveness of food SMEs. Research limitations/implications The main limitation of this study is that it analyzes processed foods and innovations in general. Future research should investigate one type of processed food based on the typology of innovation so as to provide more effective and efficient recommendations. Originality/value This is the first known analysis of innovation speed and creative destruction for SMEs of food sector.
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Mykhailov, A., L. Mykhailova, N. Stoyanets, and D. Budnik. "COMPETITIVENESS OF ENTERPRISES: PREREQUISITES FOR ECOLOGIZATION." Vìsnik Sumsʹkogo deržavnogo unìversitetu, no. 3 (2020): 296–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/1817-9215.2020.3-33.
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An important component of strengthening the competitive position of enterprises is to increase the level of greening of all economic processes. The purpose of the article is to systematize the prerequisites for the formation of environmentally friendly competitive principles. The author identifies the main transformation processes that will contribute to the formation of environmentally oriented competitiveness: development and implementation of green energy, production and promotion of green goods and services, implementation of green processes in business operations. The author substantiates that companies, that contribute to the greening of competitive advantages receive long-term benefits in the form of green brand formation, growth of the company's market capitalization. The article identifies the factors of intensification of green initiatives of enterprises, which are related to the introduction of green energy, environmental innovations, promotion of green consumption, increasing regulatory pressure on enterprises, strengthening competitive differentiation, etc. The author explored the experience of implementing environmental standards as drivers of intensifying the processes of greening competitive strategies. The article identifies and describes the basic components of the system of promoting ecologically oriented competitive advantages of enterprises in the market environment, which are determined by mechanisms for overcoming obstacles to promoting ecologically oriented activities, formation of strategic priorities, long-term transformation processes. The necessity of improvement of methodical approaches on an estimation of a level of greening of competitive advantages of the enterprise is proved. Management decisions about the necessary costs for energy saving / conservation of resources and the introduction of ecological production cause changes in economic indicators of production (cost, efficiency, product quality).Finding a compromise between economic indicators and environmental benefits of clean production will ensure the formation of green competitive advantages of the enterprise.
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Oliveira, Gabriel Leão, and Wilson da Cruz Vieira. "The effects of tariffs on the whole milk powder trade between Brazil and Argentina: a game theoretic analysis." Revista de Economia Contemporânea 12, no. 2 (August 2008): 333–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1415-98482008000200006.
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In this paper we analyzed the effects of tariffs on the whole milk powder trade between Brazil and Argentina from 1990 to 2004. The methodology included estimation of whole milk powder demands for Brazil and Argentina as monopolists, members of Mercosul, and world exporters; and simulation of Cournot games considering the trade of this product under alternative tariff policies. The results show that although the tariff impositions create trade distortions, this kind of policy was important to protect Brazil against illegal practices of trade and to increase its competitiveness against traditional international competitors.
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Song, Pengcheng, Xiangyu Zong, Ximing Chen, Qin Zhao, and Lubingzhi Guo. "The Shortest Duration Constrained Hidden Markov Model: Data denoise and forecast optimization on the country-product matrix for the Fitness-Complexity Algorithm." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 26, 2021): e0253845. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0253845.
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The Economic Fitness Index describes industrial completeness and comprehensively reflects product diversification with competitiveness and product complexity in production globalization. The Fitness-Complexity Algorithm offers a scientific approach to predicting GDP and obtains fruitful results. As a recursion algorithm, the non-linear iteration processes give novel insights into product complexity and country fitness without noise data. However, the Country-Product Matrix and Revealed Comparative Advantage data have abnormal noises which contradict the relative stability of product diversity and the transformation of global production. The data noise entering the iteration algorithm, combined with positively related Fitness and Complexity, will be amplified in each recursion step. We introduce the Shortest Duration Constrained Hidden Markov Model (SDC-HMM) to denoise the Country-Product Matrix for the first time. After the country-product matrix test, the country case test, the noise estimation test and the panel regression test of national economic fitness indicators to predict GDP growth, we show that the SDC-HMM could reduce abnormal noise by about 25% and identify change points. This article provides intra-sample predictions that theoretically confirm that the SDC-HMM can improve the effectiveness of economic fitness indicators in interpreting economic growth.
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Wiranthi, Puspi Eko, Iwan Aminudin, and Eka Rachmawati Dewi. "A Gravity Model for Indonesian Canned Tuna Exports to The European Union Market: An Application of PPML Estimator." SRIWIJAYA INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF DYNAMIC ECONOMICS AND BUSINESS 3, no. 1 (March 26, 2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.29259/sijdeb.v3i1.31-52.
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In this study, we examine the factors that affect the export of Indonesian canned tuna to the European Union (EU) market through a gravity model approach. This paper employs a gravity model approach through Poisson Pseudo-Maximum Likelihood (PPML) estimation. Data from 2006 to 2015 covering 10 countries in the EU market (Netherlands, Belgium, Italy, Germany, Poland, Portugal, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, and the United Kingdom) were employed with HS 160414 product code specifications. Constant Market Share Analysis (CMSA) was performed to examine Indonesian export growth as well as its competitors. The findings indicated that the performance of Indonesian canned tuna exports to the EU market is prominently affected by competitiveness effect while Thai canned tuna export is more affected by the import growth effect and composition effect. The Philippines and Vietnam canned tuna exports are more affected by composition effect and competitiveness effect. The factors that significantly affect the export of Indonesian canned tuna to the EU market are the population of the importing countries, tuna production volumes and real exchange rate.
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Yu, Chun-Min, Kuen-Suan Chen, Kuei-Kuei Lai, and Chang-Hsien Hsu. "Fuzzy Supplier Selection Method Based on Smaller-The-Better Quality Characteristic." Applied Sciences 10, no. 10 (May 24, 2020): 3635. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10103635.
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Many important parts of tool machines all have the important smaller-the-better (STB) quality characteristics. The important STB quality characteristics will impact on the quality of the end-product. At the same time, supplier quality influences the quality and functionality of the end-product, so suppliers must be selected with caution. The six sigma quality index for the STB quality characteristics can directly reflect process quality levels. Besides, this index possesses a mathematical relationship with process yield. Nevertheless, the point estimation will cause the risk of misjudgment, due to sampling errors. As a result, this study applies the confidence interval of the index to a two-tailed fuzzy testing method, in order to select appropriate suppliers. Now that this method is on the basis of the confidence interval, the possibility of misjudgment caused by sampling errors will be reduced, while the precision of the selection will be enhanced. The method can help companies increase product quality, as well as the competitiveness of the industry chain as a whole. Finally, a numerical example is presented to show how to approach this method and its efficacy.
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Anatolievna Kiseleva, Irina, Mikhail Vladimirovich Karmanov, Anatoly Vladimirovich Korotkov, Vladimir Ivanovich Kuznetsov, Mikhail Samuilovich Gasparian, and . "Risks Management in Travel Business: Peculiarities, Types Criteria of Estimation." International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, no. 4.38 (December 3, 2018): 251. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i4.38.24476.
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The article considers important issues on the security of travel business as a component of the state’s social and economic system and methods of its impact on risks. The major purpose of this article is to identify the main principles that substantiate the peculiarities of risk assessment in the travel business as the main element contributing to the achievement of travel security, as well as to study instruments and types of risks on the travel services market. The study subject is the security of the travel business. The study object is the market of travel services.The development of tourism technologies is the leading trend of the world economy stipulated by social restructuring of the modern society. The Russian Federation has defined the economic task of the state policy related to travel services. This is to turn tourism into a competitive, innovative, sustainable and highly-profitable sector of the national business. Travel business involves a comprehensive system of relations between suppliers and consumers of the relevant services, between travel agencies and their competitors, as well as among business partners. The operation of a travel agency on the market includes the following: selection of a market niche; development of a travel product; determination of the volume of services provided; improvement of pricing formation; expansion of advertising activities; scientific research; attraction of investments; interaction with other companies, and relations with government bodies. Currently methods and models are intensively implemented in the formation and development of travel management systems, which is associated with the increased competitiveness of the products offered on the travel market.The identification of risks in the operation of a travel company can become a guarantee of its successful and well-coordinated activity. It is possible to quickly and timely identify risks of a travel agency by using the SWOT analysis as a strategic management instrument.
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Gualandris, Jury, Hervé Legenvre, and Matteo Kalchschmidt. "Exploration and exploitation within supply networks." International Journal of Operations & Production Management 38, no. 3 (March 5, 2018): 667–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijopm-03-2017-0162.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to introduce and define the concept of purchasing ambidexterity in terms of two dimensions: balance dimension and combined dimension. The study proceeds to empirically examine the multiple performance effects generated for the buying firm and its key suppliers. Design/methodology/approach Ambidexterity theory informs the authors’ conceptual model. To test the hypotheses, the authors collected survey data from 95 purchasing functions of medium and large European firms and applied various estimation techniques. Findings This research indicates that ambidexterity substantially varies across purchasing functions. Further, it discovers that a purchasing function’s ability to advance the combined magnitude of exploratory and exploitative activities represents an essential determinant of supplier efficiency, supplier product innovation, and buyer financial performance. Notably, this research also discovers that balancing the magnitudes of exploratory and exploitative activities on a relative basis produces negative effects on the innovativeness of the supply network. Originality/value Although ambidexterity theory has been applied to supply chain management, limited attention has been dedicated to purchasing ambidexterity. This gap led us to study how purchasing impacts the competitiveness of the buying firm and of its supply network by balancing and combining exploratory and exploitative activities. This research is the first to advance the notion of purchasing ambidexterity, unpack its underlying dimensions, and examine its multiple performance implications. Such a conceptual and empirical development presents new perspectives on how purchasing can help the buying firm and its supply network to strengthen their competitiveness.
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Marchenko, V. T., O. A. Petliak, N. P. Sazina, and P. P. Khorolskyi. "Methodological approach to spacecraft development cost calculation." Technical mechanics 2021, no. 3 (October 12, 2021): 83–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/itm2021.03.083.
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The aim of this work is to develop a methodological approach to the development of a unified, common for all developers, computer-aided branch procedure for spacecraft development cost estimation based on a spacecraft cost model and practical recommendations on computer-aided branch procedure development. The cost parameters of the development, manufacturing, and operation of new spacecraft and their technical level (perfection) are the determining factors in competitiveness assessment. To decide on the advisability of starting or resuming the development of a new spacecraft, one has to correctly estimate the development cost. Using the standardized calculation method in estimating the development cost for new space hardware is unacceptable for lack of bug-free design and production documentation, which is the end product of any development activity. Parametric methods (the basic methods used to estimate the spacecraft development cost in the USA and Europe) cannot be used in the development of a high-quality procedure for spacecraft development cost estimation for lack of a branch statistical database on spacecraft development labor intensiveness and materials consumption at the State Space Agency of Ukraine. This calls for a nonstandard cost model of spacecraft development. The authors’ cost model is based on a method of componentwise analogy for simple spacecraft components, moving (up and down) along the edges of a weighted oriented tree graph that models the spacecraft technical structure, and fuzzy analysis methods. The tree graph Gi(V(С),D) models the spacecraft technical structure (V, C, and D are the sets of graph vertices and edges and spacecraft components, respectively; to each graph vertex there corresponds a spacecraft component). The paper presents a nonstandard cost model of spacecraft development, which in its essence is close to a nonlinear parametric cost model, and a scientific methodology for the development of an advanced branch procedure for spacecraft development cost calculation with component and stage detailing.
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Putra, Hadi Arisyah, Chenny Seftarita, and Suriani Suriani. "Determinants of Price Fluctuation for Cooking Oil Commodity in Aceh Province, Indonesia." International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development 2, no. 3 (August 12, 2021): 113–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.46336/ijbesd.v2i3.158.
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Aceh Province is still one of the regions in Indonesia whose primary commodities are still largely dependent on other regions that can cause uncontrolled fluctuations in the price especially cooking oil product. One step to overcome these problems is to make accurate price fluctuation predictions so preventive actions can be taken to minimize error estimation of these fluctuations so appropriate policies can be applied. This study focuses on analyzing of forecasting fluctuations in cooking oil prices and the influence of its determinants in the Aceh Province, Indonesia. Price forecasting uses the Autoregressive Integrated Moving Average (ARIMA) approach and determinant estimation uses the Ordinary Least Square (OLS) method. The data used in this study is time-series monthly data from January 2016 to December 2020 from Statistics Indonesia publication. The results of price forecasting show that the monthly price of cooking oil for 2021 and 2022 tends to increase. In early 2021, it is predicted that the price of cooking oil will be in the range of IDR14,500/kg and at the end of the year and early 2022 it is predicted to touch the price range of IDR15,500/kg. Then at the end of 2022 it is predicted that the price of cooking oil will reach IDR17,000/kg. Furthermore, the results of the econometric estimation show that all of the variable determinants have a significant effect on cooking oil prices fluctuations. The variable price of raw materials and the price index received by farmers were found to have a positive effect, while the rainfall variable was found to have a negative effect on cooking oil price fluctuation. According to these findings, it is hoped that the Aceh Provincial Government will be able to take strategic policies on the predicted prices and determinant of variables that have been proven to have a significant effect on cooking oil prices so in the future price fluctuations can be more stable and supply of goods can be maintained, as well as increase the competitiveness of provincial agricultural products.
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Lleshaj, Llesh, and Bezo Lorena - Balili. "Economic Growth Model and Foreign Direct Investment: Evidence from Albania." European Journal of Marketing and Economics 4, no. 1 (May 15, 2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/360udr94x.
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Background: A number of reasons are expressed about the importance of foreign direct investment (FDI) in developing countries. FDI increases the investment capital in the host country and transferring of new technologies, conducts the distribution and enlarges the economic productivity, improves the level of competitiveness and exports, develops new markets, etc. Objectives: In this research, the main objective is the economic growth (GDP) analysis in Albania affected by FDI flows and the other fundamental macroeconomic factors of growth/productivity. Methods/Approach: The data in this analysis are time series with quarterly frequencies from 1997 to 2018. The econometric model estimation is multifactor regression of the expanded Solow's model. Statistical approach base on logarithm and first-order stationarity. Results: Economic growth is a simultaneous phenomenon of FDI, domestic investment, the scale of economic openness (focusing on exports), the aggregate average salary, and the efficient use of public debt, especially external debt. Conclusions: FDI flows are the main factor in total economic productivity, and have a larger contribution to the gross domestic product than domestic investment, per unit invested capital, in Albania.
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Gron, O., and O. Sikalenko. "Assessment of the entrprise export potential." Galic'kij ekonomičnij visnik 73, no. 6 (2021): 115–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.33108/galicianvisnyk_tntu2021.06.115.
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The current state of business processes encourages companies to expand markets. The entry of enterprises into international markets opens many prospects, such as increasing customers, increasing the level of competitiveness, new opportunities for cooperation, increasing profits etc. Sales of its products on the world stage characterizes the company as a strong player. New foreign exchange earnings benefit not only the company but also the state. In general, export activities stimulate enterprises to improve the technical and raw material base, contribute to improving product quality. Along with the benefits of expanding international activities, the potential risks are growing as export activity is the complex factor in increasing the enterprise competitiveness. Therefore, it is important to analyze timely and qualitatively the indicators that shape export activity, because they affect the level of efficiency of sales in international markets. Despite the fact that such economic component as the enterprise export potential is gaining momentum in the modern world, due to its versatility, scientists have not yet come to a common vision of assessing the enterprise export potential. At present, many companies are not able to carry out proper analysis for stabiliatione and improvement of their work due to insufficient information base. The approaches to determining the enterprises export potential by domestic and foreign scientists are analyzed in this paper. The factors influencing the enterprise in the process of entering the international market and the need for a proper assessment of export potential, depending on the effectiveness of activities abroad, are investigated. The existing in scientific sources directions of the estimation and indicators concerning definition of the level of enterprise export potential are considered. According to the results obtained during the investigation, the shortcomings of multistructural models for assessing the enterprise export potential are analyzed. A set of indicators for rapid assessment of the enterprise export potential is proposed. It makes it possible to determine the existing opportunities and priorities of the enterprise.
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Feng, Yaya, Fanglei Zhong, Chunlin Huang, Juan Gu, Yingchun Ge, and Xiaoyu Song. "Spatiotemporal Distribution and the Driving Force of the Food-Energy-Water Nexus Index in Zhangye, Northwest China." Sustainability 12, no. 6 (March 16, 2020): 2309. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12062309.
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For more efficient development planning, food-energy-water (FEW) nexus indicators should be provided with higher spatial and temporal resolutions. This paper takes Zhangye, a typical oasis city in Northwest China’s arid region, as an example, and uses the unweighted, geometric mean method to calculate a standardized, quantitative, and transparent estimation of the FEW nexus for each county. The role of influencing factors is also analyzed. The results showed that (1) the coordination of the FEW nexus in each county gradually increased from 2005 to 2015. Spatially, the distribution of the FEW nexus showed a tendency to be higher in the southwestern region and lower in the northeastern region. (2) Food security and water security were weaker than energy security. Specifically, there were more limitations to food accessibility, water availability, and water accessibility than for other indexes. (3) The FEW indexes are positively associated with per capita GDP (Gross Domestic Product) and negatively correlated with the average evaporation and altitude of each county (district). Decision makers should concentrate on combining industrial advantages, developing water-efficient ecological agriculture, and improving production quality to increase market competitiveness and should actively explore the international market.
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Komarova, Oksana, Vladimir E. Strovskii, and Irina V. Peregon. "Mining enterprises innovativeness from the point of view of human capital significance." Izvestiya vysshikh uchebnykh zavedenii Gornyi zhurnal, no. 2 (March 30, 2020): 52–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.21440/0536-1028-2020-2-52-58.
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Research relevance. Today, the main prerequisite for the improvement of mining enterprises performance and competitiveness is their transition to innovation-based development. The enterprises are directed towards the novelties, innovations, and changes, which largely depend on human activity revitalization. As a result, human capital becomes more valuable than metal, oil, etc. Human capital becomes exactly the value that determines the economic development. Innovation-based development of a mining enterprise is the influence exerted by the managing entity on the managed enterprise with the purpose of transferring it to the required state. The effectiveness of mining enterprise innovative development management requires appraising the level of innovativeness and taking necessary remedial actions in order to achieve the goals. Research aim is to develop the methodological apparatus of estimating the innovativeness of a mining enterprise based on the development of human capital. Results. In the course of the research the need to switch to the innovation-based development has been justified, the special role in its realization is played by the effective use of the innovative potential. In its turn, human capital is the fundamental component of the innovative potential; human capital development conditions the enterprise’s assignment to an innovative type. Methodological apparatus of estimating the innovativeness has been worked out, which provides for the estimation of the innovative character of technical and process transformations, innovative product and innovative human capital. End appraisal ratio is an integral indicator formed based on four indices with the account of the weighting factors. It is recommended to establish the threshold values of the integral indicator which will make it possible to differentiate mining enterprises according to the level of innovative development. In order to estimate the human capital, the author’s recommendations published later should be referred to. Summary. The use of the methodological apparatus of estimating innovative mining enterprises will make it possible to increase the effectiveness of managing the process of switching to the innovation-based development. Control over the variation of innovativeness level makes it possible to take necessary remedial actions and achieve the desired condition.
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Jamel, Lamia, Abdelkader Derbali, Ali Lamouchi, and Ahmed Elnagar. "Trade Openness and Competitiveness: BRICS and Sub-Saharan Africa Countries." International Organisations Research Journal 16, no. 1 (June 1, 2021): 64–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.17323/1996-7845-2021-01-03.
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The aim of this study is to highlight the key competitiveness elements that promote trade flows between the BRICS countries of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa and those in Sub-Saharan Africa. To do so, we employ the econometrics of panel data during the period of study from 1995 to 2018. We apply the Blundell and Bond GMM estimator [1998] and we utilize Sargan’s [1958] over-identification test to confirm the validity of delayed variables in level and difference as instruments used in our estimations. The empirical findings of our study show that trade policy actions, high natural resource allocation and the evolution of gross domestic product (GDP) per capita of the participating countries promote this trade openness between BRICS and Sub-Saharan Africa economies. Additionally, African countries need to develop their industrial sector to export more high-value manufactured products.
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Orlovska, Yuliia, Anzhela Cherchata, and Olena Kovalenko. "DEVELOPMENT OF INTELLECTUAL ECONOMY: SOME APPROACHES FOR POLICY ELABORATING." Baltic Journal of Economic Studies 6, no. 2 (May 22, 2020): 116–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.30525/2256-0742/2020-6-2-116-124.
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This research is devoted to revealing the theoretical and practical foundations of the intellectual economy formation in the conditions of post-industrial society transformation. Using the historical method of analysis, the authors has made the comparative assessment of the main approaches to explaining the content, factors and features of the intellectual economy development. It has been proved that the main driving force of economic development in the intellectual economy is knowledge, which simultaneously acts as both a resource and a product, and for that product specific demand at all levels of the economic system has been formed. In our view, the intellectual economy is a type of economic system that, being based on the intellectual capital of society in the conditions of development of modern information technologies and systems, uses, transforms, creates and disseminates information and knowledge in order to ensure the growth of social welfare, international competitiveness of countries and extended knowledge and innovation cycle formation. That is, knowledge is at the heart of the development of the economic system, and, at the same time, is the final product of this system in each cycle of reproduction of the socio-ecological-economic system. The determining direction of the transformations in the intellectual economy is predominantly the creation and consumption of knowledge as a different type of intellectual property, including its materialized form with a high intellectual component. The fact that knowledge and information are not only used as an inexhaustible cognitive resource for the development of production, but also turn into the main types of consumption associated with personal development, as a means of renewing and building up this resource, is the key to the endless progress of the intellectual economy. The special features and principles of development of intellectual economy have been explained in the paper. These features and principles have been suggested to use as criteria for the construction of national programs for the intellectual economy formation, as well as for these programs success estimation. The recommendations for overcoming the barriers to building Ukrainian intellectual economy have been elaborated.
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Anderu, Keji Sunday. "Capital market and economic growth in Nigeria." Jurnal Perspektif Pembiayaan dan Pembangunan Daerah 8, no. 3 (August 31, 2020): 295–310. http://dx.doi.org/10.22437/ppd.v8i3.9652.
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The objective of this study is to empirically examine the nexus between capital market and economic growth in Nigeria between 1980 and 2017. In the cause of pursuing the desired result, the economic growth was proxy by the gross domestic product (GDP) while the capital market variables considered included market capitalization, all shares index, number of dealings, gross capital formation, exchange rate, value of all transaction and interest rate. This study is predated by the ineffectiveness of capital market which affects liquidity, acquisition of information about firms such as risk diversification, savings harmonization and corporate management. In lieu of this, the research adopted Auto-regressive Distribution Lag model and Bound Cointegration Testing. The results revealed that there is long run relationship between capital market and economic growth in Nigeria. To justify the findings, post estimation tests were conducted. For instance, the Jarque-Beta test suggest that the residuals for both models are normally distributed since the probability value is greater than 5% significant level. Hence, the hypothesis of normal distribution for residuals cannot be rejected. The Breusch-Godfrey Serial Correlation (LM) test re-affirms that the hypothesis of no autocorrelation can be rejected since the probability value is greater than 5% critical value. Henceforward, the study recommends that government should expand the market technological based in order to further improve transactions and dealings, which could enhance its internationalization and competitiveness. Also, regulatory body like security and exchange commission (SEC) should improve its supervisory roles towards reducing shoddy and unethical dealings in the Nigerian capital market
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Sorokina, G. P., A. S. Sotnikov, and A. V. Zakharov. "Problems of the competitiveness estimation of motor industry products." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 4, no. 2 (January 20, 2010): 214–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-69773.
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Spytska, K. V., T. V. Grynko, and T. Z. Hviniashvili. "Formation of the Competitive Strategy of an Enterprise Based on the Customer-Oriented Approach." Business Inform 11, no. 526 (2021): 309–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.32983/2222-4459-2021-11-309-314.
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Issues related to customer-oriented strategy are of particular importance, as its development and implementation determines the conditions that meet the needs of consumers with the level and quality of service, as well as economic and social growth of the company as a whole. The article identifies the main provisions and the conception of modern customer-oriented approach of the organization, in which the system-forming factor is the process of interaction between consumer and producer, which will ensure the dominant development of service activities. Thus, research of customer orientation and its estimation characterizes actual aspects: quality of service, loyalty of consumers, and strategic priorities of competitiveness of the enterprises. The presence of any developed component of the company’s customer orientation (service, product quality, customer orientation) does not guarantee the company’s success, as a comprehensive approach is needed. This approach can be implemented by developing a project to increase the company’s customer focus, as the whole problem is fully covered. The foreign and domestic scientists and economists, who paid attention to the issue of customer-oriented management at the enterprise, among them: P. Gamble, M. Stone, N. Woodcock, P. Brown, F. Kotler, I. Mann, A. Rumyantseva, N. Ryabokon, A. Proncheva, A. Panfilov, M. Yakimenko and others, also characterized different approaches to determining customer orientation. They explored general issues such as the impact of customer focus on the competitive advantages of the organization, the concept of customer focus of the enterprise and the problems of its evaluation. The purpose of the article is the development of practical recommendations for the formation of competitive strategy of the enterprise taking into account the peculiarities of modern customer-oriented policy.
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Adetayo, Adeola, Oludayo Ariyo, and Adebiyi Abosede. "Effect of Product Attribute and Pricing Strategy on Multinational Firms Competitiveness." Izvestiya Journal of the University of Economics - Varna 65, no. 2 (June 2021): 191–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.36997/ijuev2021.65.2.191.
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In today‘s dynamic and turbulent environment, organizations are increasingly entering into the international market to sustain competitive advantage and explore special skills and knowledge and the need to improve their performance. This study examined how competitiveness could be achieved using product attributes and pricing strategy in Nigerian multinational firms. The survey research design was adopted. A structured questionnaire was employed in collecting data from 313 respondents in Nestle Nigeria Plc, Unilever Nigeria Plc, and P.Z. Cussons Nigeria Plc, which was obtained through Raosoft sample estimator at 95% confidence level and 5% error margin using selected multinationals in fast-moving consumer goods. Categorical regression was used to determine the effect of product attribute and pricing strategy on multinational firms‘ competitiveness in Nigeria. The study revealed that product attributes and pricing strategy have positive, significant, and joint effects on multinational firms‘ competitiveness with coefficient and p-value of β1 =0.288 (p-value<0.000) and β2 =0.289 (p-value<0.000) at F-stat=67.795 (0.000) and adj. R2 =0.381. Therefore, it is concluded that competitiveness can be achieved using product attributes and pricing strategy. It is recommended that firms place greater emphasis on their products‘ attributes and pricing to improve their competitiveness posture.
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Crăciun (Timofei), Ioana, Diana Sabău-Popa, and Réka Lakatos-Fodor. "CORRELATIONS BETWEEN FINANCIAL INDICATORS OF COMPANIES AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT INDICATORS." Annals of the University of Oradea. Economic Sciences 30, no. 30 (1) (July 2021): 195–202. http://dx.doi.org/10.47535/1991auoes30(1)021.
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One of the main objectives of sustainable development is to improve living standards and obtain a friendlier business environment, by increasing their competitiveness and performance and the main goal of companies are to achieve a productive activity that ensures their short-term success, but also to pay attention to long-term survival. This analysis was performed to assess the influence of financial indicators of companies and their contribution on the sustainable development of the North-West region of Romania. The research follows the evolution of sustainable development and financial indicators of the sample of 37 companies listed on the BSE, with data collected from 2008-2019, covering the following sectors according to their BSE classification: manufacturing, trade, hotels, construction. In this paper is used both qualitative and quantitative research methods. Among the qualitative research methods used it can be mentioned: observation, comparison and analysis of data. The econometric analysis is based on the estimation of a panel data regression technique and the decision between the random effects model and the fixed effects model was based on the Hausman test. The microeconomic indicators used to analyse the connection with the indicators of sustainable development of the North-West region of Romania are turnover, net profit and the average number of employees used as independent variables and the indicators selected based on information provided by the National Institute of Statistics for the North-West region, called Territorial Sustainable Development Indicators, are the following: Regional Gross Domestic Product, GDP per inhabitant, economically active population, the employment rate of the working age population, the job vacancy rate and the unemployment rate used as dependent variables. The results of the correlation analysis of the parameters showed a weak, insignificant influence between the financial indicators and the sustainable development indicators, the observed data do not allow the identification of a valid linear model.
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Dung, Bui Van, Van Hoang Thi Thuy, Anh Ho Thi Dieu, and Le Ho Thi Thuy. "Concepts of Agri-Competitiveness in Theorical and Imperical Researchs." Journal of Development Research 4, no. 1 (May 31, 2020): 24–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.28926/jdr.v4i1.101.
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The purpose of this study is to analyze the competitiveness of exported agricultural products through theoretical and empirical studies, estimation methods and determinants. Not only summarizing the competitiveness theories of agricultural products exported from previous studies, the article also clarifies the concept of competitiveness of agricultural products at the level of products/services, firms/ farms, industry, thereby helping firms from agricultural countries - which rely heavily on agricultural production and agricultural products export to find the right ways to identify definitions and concepts, then choose the right methods of measurement, compare its export agricultural products competitiveness. Since, the study also proposed the use of synthetic indicators to measure the competitiveness of agricultural exports which is an important basis for the state agencies in the study and propose their export policy of agricultural products in the near future.
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Obushenko, Tatiana N., and Galina P. Gagarinskaya. "Adaptation of the Regional Migration Policy to the Innovativeness of the Economy, Globalization and Demographic Challenges." REGIONOLOGY 26, no. 3 (September 6, 2018): 512–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2413-1407.104.026.201803.512-537.
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Introduction. The relevance of the study is due to the fact that the embodiment of the theory of globalization enhances the impact of external migration on the social atmosphere and the economic situation in the region. The aim of the research is to determine the adaptability of migration policy to modern challenges in the context of enhancing human potential, innovativeness of production, demographic growth, and increasing gross regional product. Materials and Methods. The research was based on the data from internal affairs bodies, migration services, statistical agencies, and the results of opinion polls. Foreign and Russian economic and sociological theories of migration formed the theoretical and methodological basis of the research. The systemic, demographic, historical, and geographical approaches were used. Results. Modern forms of constructive interaction of migrants, the apparatus of regional administration, local authorities, and public institutions have been consid- ered. The degree of influence of migration processes on the labor market and human potential, on the growing sectors of the economy has been identified. Estimation of the region’s competitiveness on the working and living conditions of migrants, as well as on the development of the migration infrastructure has been given. The risks of implementing educational migration programs, business migration, and attracting high-class specialists have been identified. The work of the Russian Foundation for Basic Research in the region has been assessed; the most attractive sectors of the economy for foreign investors have been identified. The indicators for assessing the contribution of foreign labor to the economy of the region have been calculated. Discussion and Conclusions. Practical significance for the selective migration policy is represented by the results of the analysis of the prospects for attracting highly qualified specialists to the region, proposals for the development of educational migration, and the results of calculations for assessing the contribution of foreign labor to the economy of the region. Further research may be focused on the increase in the fundamental nature of studying the degree of influence of migration policy on regional social and economic processes.
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Hakhverdyan, Davit, and Mher Shahinyan. "Competitiveness, innovation and productivity of the country." Marketing and Management of Innovations 1, no. 1 (2022): 108–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/mmi.2022.1-08.
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This study discusses and investigates the key determinants of country competitiveness. An analysis of the available literature relating to the key determinants of the country’s competitiveness makes it possible to mention that their determinants are not yet completely explored. The issue is that the current literature examines the impact of GDP per capita and human capital while omitting important factors affecting a country’s competitiveness. Knowledge capital is one of the main factors of economic growth and competitiveness. Indigenous innovation contributes to the production of knowledge capital, while FDI and import trade are two major pathways for technological diffusion. As a result, when studying the causes of a country's competitiveness, the effects of these elements are not negligible. The following logical processes are used to investigate the topic of main factors of a country's competitiveness: first, a theoretical model outlining the primary factors of a country's competitiveness is studied; second, acceptable measurements for a country's competitiveness are selected; third, a balanced panel data set is created, and unknown parameter estimation is carried out. The GMM two-step panel data estimation technique is the major methodological instrument used in the article. Annual data from 2001 to 2020 on eight macroeconomic variables are included in the database (total 1040 observations per macroeconomic variable (52 countries, 20 years)). The study proved both practically and theoretically that: 1) the lagged value of the dependent variable has a positive and considerable impact on the competitiveness of the country; 2) the labor productivity of a country is an essential factor of competitiveness; the higher a country's labor productivity, the more probable it is to produce and export; 3) human capital and research and development are major sources of knowledge creation that directly contribute to a country's competitiveness; 4) the influence of FDI and imports on competitiveness has been proven to be significant; 5) weak institutions in emerging and developing economies have a negative impact on export sophistication and, as a result, a country's competitiveness. The research findings should be relevant to economic policymakers and model developers interested in estimating and evaluating structural systems of equations
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Siew-Ling Liew, Mohammad Affendy Arip, and Chin-Hong Puah. "Determinants of Export Competitiveness of Agricultural Products in Malaysia." International Journal of Business and Society 22, no. 2 (August 12, 2021): 618–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.33736/ijbs.3747.2021.
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This study intends to evaluate the export competitiveness of agricultural products using the data of 186 agricultural commodities in Malaysia for the period ranging from 1988 to 2014. Besides, this study engages in the total export of the world with Standard International Trade Classification Revision Three-SITC Revision 3 (5-digits code) to analyse the index of comparative advantage of agricultural commodities in Malaysia. In addition, the study employs Balassa (1965) index of Revealed Comparative Advantage (RCA) to measure competitiveness. The findings show that 56 commodities have comparative advantage. Apart from that, this study also empirically examines the determinants of competitiveness which are commodities price, GDP per capita, labour participation and capital formation. The results of cointegration tests estimation indicates that there is a long-run relationship between the variables under study. The outcomes denote that price of commodities, GDP per capita and crises in 2008 have negative association while labour participation and capital formation are positively relatedly to competitiveness. The results also specify that there is a short-run dynamic impact on competitiveness with the variables. This study suggests that the government should consider intensifying the current economic policy through focusing on downstream products by taking the benefit of its comparative advantage in upstream industries to increase competitiveness.
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Карпов, А. Е., and В. В. Клочков. "7.3. COMPETITIVENESS ESTIMATING OF THE OF RUSSIAN HELICOPTER INDUSTRY." Audit and Financial Analysis, no. 4 (January 4, 2021): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.38097/afa.2020.86.23.021.
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В статье на примере вертолетостроения рассматривается ключевая проблема стратегического планирования развития наукоемких отраслей промышленности – проблема объективного формирования требований рынка к перспективной продукции. На основе упрощенной экономико-математической модели прорывного преимущества изделий строятся формальные критерии конкурентоспособности и определяются требования к технико-экономическим характеристикам продукции отечественного производства на рынках вертолетной техники относительно ведущих зарубежных аналогов. The article considers the key problem of strategic planning for the knowledge-intensive industries development – the problem of objective market requirements for perspective products evaluation, using the example of helicopter industry. Using a simplified economic-mathematical model of breakthrough products advantage, formal competitiveness criteria are built and the requirements in helicopter markets for characteristics of Russian products relative to the leading foreign products are determined.
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Карпов, А. Е., and В. В. Клочков. "7.3. COMPETITIVENESS ESTIMATING OF THE OF RUSSIAN HELICOPTER INDUSTRY." Audit and Financial Analysis, no. 4 (January 4, 2021): 149–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.38097/afa.2020.86.23.021.
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В статье на примере вертолетостроения рассматривается ключевая проблема стратегического планирования развития наукоемких отраслей промышленности – проблема объективного формирования требований рынка к перспективной продукции. На основе упрощенной экономико-математической модели прорывного преимущества изделий строятся формальные критерии конкурентоспособности и определяются требования к технико-экономическим характеристикам продукции отечественного производства на рынках вертолетной техники относительно ведущих зарубежных аналогов. The article considers the key problem of strategic planning for the knowledge-intensive industries development – the problem of objective market requirements for perspective products evaluation, using the example of helicopter industry. Using a simplified economic-mathematical model of breakthrough products advantage, formal competitiveness criteria are built and the requirements in helicopter markets for characteristics of Russian products relative to the leading foreign products are determined.
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Vendrell-Herrero, Ferran, Vasileios Myrthianos, Glenn Parry, and Oscar F. Bustinza. "Digital dark matter within product service systems." Competitiveness Review: An International Business Journal 27, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 62–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/cr-11-2014-0037.
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Purpose The unobserved benefits of digital technologies are described as digital dark matter. Product service systems (PSSs) are bundles of products and services that deliver value in use, which is unobserved but generates benefits. This paper aims to empirically quantify digital dark matter within PSSs and correlates that measure with national competitiveness. Design/methodology/approach A novel methodology establishes the link between customer needs and a product and digital service portfolio offered across ten developed economies. The case context is the music industry where product and services are often substitutes – a cannibalistic PSS. Consumer information is obtained from a unique database of more than 18,000 consumer surveys. Consumer demand for digital formats is modelled and predicted through logistic regressions. Findings The work provides inverse estimations for digital dark matter within PSSs by calculating the gap between supply and demand for digital offers – described as the business model challenge. The USA has the lowest business model challenge; the home of major companies developing digital technologies. Digital dark matter is shown to be positively correlated with national competitiveness and manufacturing competitiveness indices. Practical implications The success of a cannibalistic PSS requires good understanding of market demand. Governments embarking on soft innovation policies might incentivise the development of service-orientated business models based on digital technologies. Originality/value Work expands theory on the concept of digital dark matter to the PSS literature. Empirically, a novel method is proposed to measure digital dark matter.
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Stavtsev, A. N., A. A. Hashir, Yu М. Korolyova, D. S. Natarov, and R. G. Romanenko. "METHODOLOGICAL APPROACHES TO COMPETITIVENESS ESTIMATION ON THE MARKET OF AGRO-FOOD PRODUCTS." Economy, labor, management in agriculture, no. 1 (2019): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.33938/191-4.
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Shabaykovich, V. A. "Advance Estimation of Quality and Competitiveness of Products in Flexible Automatic Assembly." Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 2, no. 2 (January 20, 2008): 329–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-69886.
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The article shows the methods of passing ahead determination of quality and competitiveness products which are started in flexible production. The paper considers influence of various factors of expenses, indexes of quality, cost of exploitation and market price, management and marketing.
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Babii, Oleksandra, Tetiiana Bozhko, Raisa Donchevska, and Svitlana Vezhlivtseva. "RESEARCH OF QUALITY AND COMPETITIVENESS OF TOMATO JUICES." EUREKA: Life Sciences 3 (May 31, 2019): 25–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21303/2504-5695.2019.00896.
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The paper considers the results of the complex quality estimation and competitiveness determination of tomato juices of different producers, exported in European countries. The complex estimation of tomato juices quality was realized according to the results of studying organoleptic (color, taste, smell, consistence) and physical-chemical (content of dry substances, β-carotene, flesh, mass share of titrated acids) parameters of 4 samples. According to the results of the complex qualimetric estimation, the highest value of the integral quality parameter was reached by tomato juice of ТМ «Galiciа» (Ukraine) (0,86). The lowest value of this parameter was established for experimental samples of tomato juices of ТМ «Rich» (Ukraine) (0,65) and ТМ «Sandora» (Ukraine) (0,61). The lower value of the integral quality parameter was inherent to juice of TM «Sadochok» (Ukraine) (0,40), explained, first of all, by insufficiently saturated and homogenous red color with inclusions, watery and liquid consistence, content of side admixtures, signs of stratification. The competitiveness of tomato juices was estimated, taking into account functional, esthetical and economic quality parameters. The basic commodity was determined as tomato juice of ТМ «Galiciа» by the results of the complex quality estimation. According to the obtained results, tomato juice of ТМ «Rich» was found competitive by the ratio of functional, esthetical and economic parameters (1,19) that is conditioned by high esthetical and functional indices and also moderate price of realization. The relatively high (but less one unit) competitiveness level was inherent to juice of ТМ «Sandora» (0,97) by the expanse of a high realization price at rather high esthetical and functional indices. It has been determined, that juice of ТМ «Sadochok» is least competitive because of worst esthetical indices, despite a low realization price. Thus, the main factor that influences the competitiveness of juices is a “price-quality” ratio. The obtained research results of the tomato juices quality and the used methodology of their competitiveness estimation may be useful for retail representatives (categorical managers) for the effective realization of products under conditions of competitiveness.
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XINMENG, Han. "METHODICAL APPROACHES TO THE EXPORT POTENTIAL ESTIMATION OF AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES." Ukrainian Journal of Applied Economics 4, no. 3 (August 30, 2019): 131–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.36887/2415-8453-2019-3-15.
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Introduction. The lack of a unified methodology of the export potential assessing of agro-industrial enterprises poses some difficulties in the activities of export-oriented economic entities. This situation is conditioned by the subjectivity of the export potential concept, as well as the inability to establish a clear relationship between the enterprise export potential, the market export potential and the market enterprise position. The research purpose is to study the existing methodological approaches to the export potential assessment of agricultural enterprises. Results. The components of the enterprise export potential are determined. The model of export potential determination for the conditions of agrarian production is presented for the future. A set of indicators is described to characterize the export potential. The increase of role of the managing system in the enterprise international competitiveness is substantiated. The essence, purpose and peculiarities of managing the enterprise international competitiveness are outlined. The system structure of enterprise international competitiveness management (monitoring of competitive environment in the international market, assessment of the enterprise competitiveness level and their products, determining the mission of enterprise functioning, the strategy implementation of the international competitiveness management system, evaluation and control of the implementation results of the chosen strategy). The problematic aspects of the agricultural enterprise activity are identified in the process of managing international competitiveness. The measures aimed at improving the management of the international competitiveness of agricultural enterprises are characterized and substantiated. Conclusions. Assessing the export potential of agricultural enterprises is an important issue in the process of improving their export activities. Developing valuation approaches that take into account the specifics of the domestic and world economies will enhance the export potential of agricultural enterprises. This, in turn, will be the basis for developing the country's exports. Keywords: export potential, agrarian potential, economic potential, competitiveness, factors, agroindustrial production, export.
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Kolesnik, Ya V. "Statistical Assessment of the Banks’ Competitiveness at the Financial Market: Theoretical and Methodological Aspect." Statistics of Ukraine, no. 4(79) (December 20, 2017): 6–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.4(79).2017.04.01.
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The article is devoted to the vital problem of substantiating theoretical and methodological aspects of statistical assessment of the banks’ competitiveness at the financial market. The growing market competition makes the bankers chose competition methods by relating their business success to the business performance of their competitors, investors, corporate and private clients. The bank product competitiveness is assessed by comparing the economic parameters of an analyzed service with the benchmarking parameters, by group of parameters. A method based on the theory of effective competition is proposed for use as an option of the assessment of the competitiveness of a commercial bank. It enables for applying a universal method that allows for computing the integral coefficient of the competitiveness of a commercial bank by estimating the most important criteria of its operation.
The assessment of the bank competitiveness has to include an analysis of the internal environment, covering quantitative and qualitative characteristics of its operation, and an analysis of external environment. The assessment involves differential and complex methods of assessment. The assessment of the internal environment includes a quantitative analysis of its financial position and a qualitative analysis of its image and competitiveness of its services. The method enables to produce the integral coefficient of competitiveness; it is based on the assessment of the internal and external environment of the banks that are main competitors, by computing a number of criteria. An analysis of the financial position of a bank is the central one, as it aims to produce a quantitative measure of the capacities promoting the development of a bank in future. The main advantage of the proposed method for the assessment of the competitiveness of a commercial bank is its feasibility, because it is based on data from published reports and results of market analyses. The comparative assessment of the operation of banks that are main competitors allows for quick and robust computation of each bank’s position at the financial market, whereas the results of the analysis give good idea of their business conditions and allow for the dynamic assessment of the effectiveness of the national bank system.
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Eboreime, O. F., and David Umoru. "An Econometric Estimation Of Nigeria’s Export Competitiveness In The Global Market." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 7 (March 30, 2016): 396. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n7p396.
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In the midst of stiff global competition among industrialized countries focuses on how Nigeria, as a developing economy develop policies and strategies for her exports competitiveness for sustainable development. To achieve this, this paper has estimated Nigeria’s exports competitiveness in the World market by utilizing the Bound Testing approach. The econometric estimate suggest that Nigeria’s exports are less competitive in the United Kingdom but highly competitive in the United States, Japan and Canada. Nigeria’s exports are strongly influenced by the level of foreign income and exchange rate at least for the United States, Japan and Canada. The study thus recommends amongst other things that, the Nigerian government should vis the foreign currencies and further develop and upgrade local industries in order to improve the productivity of these industries for better competition in the global market. The study thus recommends amongst others, that Nigeria should concentrate in the exportation of her goods and services to countries where her products are highly competitive, such as United State, Japan and Canada.
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Petkova, Lesia, Olena Berezina, Iryna Honcharenko, and Ihor Osadchenko. "Economic productivity and competitiveness of Ukrainian exports due to the global challenges." SHS Web of Conferences 107 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/202110701002.
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Productivity and economic growth are key factors to maintain and improve the competitiveness of nations in the global market. The paper analyzes the prospects for the competitiveness of Ukrainian exports in the terms of pandemic circumstances and post-pandemic recovery of the global economy. The prospects for strengthening the competitiveness of Ukraine’s economy evaluating based on the modified approach for assessing the revealed comparative advantage. The dynamics and structure of major industries exports were estimating. The research result proved that the growth of innovative products in the iron and steel industry increases its competitiveness in the world market. The established reduction of the identified comparative advantages index for the main exports positions reflects the presence of structural and technological lags in the modern structure of the national economy and requires economic policy measures aimed at long-term action. Respectively, the main goals of contemporary national economic policy aimed at promoting the export competitiveness of Ukrainian products (goods & services) have to be the stimulating of R&D, infrastructure modernization and capital deepening.
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Guimarães, Pompeu Paes, Rejane Tavares Botrel, Narjara Walessa Nogueira, Vinícius Gomes de Castro, Giovanna Paiva de Aguiar, and Flavio Cipriano de Assis do Carmo. "PRODUTOS FLORESTAIS NÃO MADEIREIROS DO NORDESTE BRASILEIRO: CARNAÚBA." Nativa 6, no. 2 (March 26, 2018): 213. http://dx.doi.org/10.31413/nativa.v6i2.4732.
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O objetivo do artigo foi avaliar a competitividade dos principais produtos florestais não madeireiros provenientes da carnaúba nordestina, bem como estimar o preço dos produtos cera, pó e fibra. Foram obtidas a taxa de crescimento para a produção e a estimativa do preço de cada variável analisada (cera, pó e fibra) com base no valor bruto da produção (VBP) e quantidade produzida, no período de 1994 e 2014. Neste sentido, verificou-se que para a variável pó, houve um deslocamento da demanda para a direta, o que representa uma elevação na procura deste produto no mercado nacional. Para os demais produtos, cera e fibra de carnaúba, houve uma tendência de deslocamento da oferta para a esquerda, representando uma perda de produção no cenário regional.Palavra-chave: cera, pó, fibra. FOREST PRODUCTS NOT TIMBER THE BRAZILIAN NORTHEAST - CARNAUBA ABSTRACT:The aim of the paper was evaluate the competitiveness of the main non timber forest products originated from northeastern carnauba, and estimates the price of wax, powder and fiber products. Based on the gross value and amount of production, between 1994 and 2014, it was possible to find the production growth rate and the price of each product. And yet, estimate the price of each product. Therefore, it was possible to observe a shift to the right on the demand of powder product, and a shift to the left on the offer of wax and carnauba fiber products.Keywords: wax, powder, fiber. DOI: