Academic literature on the topic 'Procurement process frameworks'
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Journal articles on the topic "Procurement process frameworks"
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Deraman, Rafikullah, Chen Wang, Jeffrey Boon Hui Yap, Heng Li, and Faizul Azli Mohd-Rahim. "Developing Internet Online Procurement Frameworks for Construction Firms." Future Internet 11, no. 6 (June 20, 2019): 136. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fi11060136.
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Electronic purchasing or e-procurement saves millions of dollars yearly in transaction costs. E-procurement helps to cut down the supplier base, promotes paperless transactions, and increases transparency and accountability in the procurement process. Nonetheless, studies report that around 80% of e-procurement initiatives have met with failure and failed to achieve the desired results. Although studies to better understand the Critical Success Factors (CSFs) of e-procurement implementation involving various industries have been on the rise, little is known about architecture engineering and construction (AEC) practices, which has led to limited development of pragmatic frameworks to uncover the factors. Thus, this study aims to identify those CSFs (predicting variables) which significantly contribute to e-procurement implementation success in the construction sector and to put forward for better implementation. Results from multiple regression analysis revealed five factors to be statistically significant predictors of success. Three factors were determined to be predictors of user satisfaction. Finally, internet online procurement frameworks were developed for the success of e-procurement implementation in the construction sector.
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FLOWERS, STEPHEN. "CONTINGENT CAPABILITIES AND THE PROCUREMENT OF COMPLEX PRODUCT SYSTEMS." International Journal of Innovation Management 08, no. 01 (March 2004): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1363919604000940.
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This paper focuses on how organisations utilise external capabilities to procure high-technology products and services. It is argued that the conceptual frameworks developed in the context of organisations which manufacture such products need to be modified to explain the behaviour of organisations that buy them. The use of third-party consultants in the procurement process is explored and a new class of temporary capabilities, termed Contingent Capabilities, is proposed. This class of capabilities occupies the boundary between accepted notions of core and non-core, and play an essential role in the innovation process. The roles of two distinct categories of Contingent Capabilities, strategic and tactical, within the innovation process are explored. The paper concludes with an agenda for further work in this area.
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Mwelu, Noah, Peter R. Davis, Yongjian Ke, and Susan Watundu. "Compliance mediating role within road construction regulatory framework." Journal of Public Procurement 20, no. 3 (May 1, 2020): 209–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jopp-12-2018-0052.
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Purpose The propose of this study is to focus on the mediating role of compliance with procurement regulatory frameworks in implementing public road construction projects. Design/methodology/approach A cross-sectional research design was adopted. Structured questionnaires were developed in a three-step process including generating items, purifying measurement items and validating measurement items. Variables were anchored on a five-point Likert scale because it is an efficient unidimensional scale that ensures all items measure the same thing and widely applicable in construction research. Findings The findings show that compliance with a public procurement regulatory framework significantly mediates the relationship between familiarity with a public procurement regulatory framework, monitoring activities, sanction on staff and contractors’ resistance to non-compliance and public road construction project success. However, compliance with a public procurement regulatory framework does not mediate the relationship between the professionalism of staff and perceived inefficiency with public road construction projects’ success. Research limitations/implications Limited mediation studies and examples in the public road construction subsector affected this study to comprehensively investigate and compare study findings. Furthermore, the study adopted a cross-sectional research design that limits responses to one point in time. Finally, the study missed out other participants in different organizations and departments that could have had relevant information. Social implications The study contributes to public procurement and construction management research fields by uncovering this strong mediating role of compliance with a public procurement regulatory framework that collectively would help the government to implement public road construction projects successfully. Because no single factor can reliably attain objectives, blending these factors through a hybrid governance system would enable the government to achieve value for money, increase the quality and quantity of paved roads and save funds that can be channeled to other priority sectors for economic development. Originality/value Despite scholarly efforts to establish project success factors, studies have been limited to factors directly impacting the project success without considering a mediating effect among the factors that affect the success of these projects.
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Rendon, Juanita M., and Rene G. Rendon. "Procurement fraud in the US Department of Defense." Managerial Auditing Journal 31, no. 6/7 (June 6, 2016): 748–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/maj-11-2015-1267.
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Purpose This paper aims to explore selected real-world procurement fraud incidents in the US Department of Defense (DoD) and the implications of these incidents to the DoD’s contracting processes and internal controls. Design/methodology/approach This paper analyzes actual procurement fraud incidents and identifies in which phase of the contract management process the fraud occurred and which internal control component was associated with the fraud scheme. Findings The fraud incidents generally occurred during the source selection and the contract administration phases and involved the control activities, monitoring and control environment components of internal control. Research limitations/implications The fraud incidents are analyzed using contract management and internal control frameworks adopted by the US Government. Recommendations are developed for improving contracting processes and internal controls as an approach to deterring and detecting procurement fraud and may be applicable to other international public procurement bodies. Practical implications Governments are ensuring auditability in public procurement as a means of improving agency governance. The research findings suggest that an emphasis on capable contracting processes and effective internal controls should be adopted for fighting procurement fraud. Social implications Ensuring auditability in public procurement has a far-reaching effect in society. The value of capable processes and effective internal controls is gaining much attention in public agencies, as they strive for accountability, integrity and transparency in their governance processes. Originality/value By emphasizing capable processes and effective internal controls, governments can apply a strategic approach to detecting and deterring fraud and thus ensure that government monies are spent in the most effective and efficient ways.
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Madhusudan, N., and L. Manjunatha Rao. "Insights on Extent of Effectiveness, Trend, and Gap in Existing Frameworks for e-Procurement System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i2.9028.
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With the advancement of technologies, the organization and business applications are witnessed with the increasing trends to adopt cut edge technologies to normalize their business process. However, this trend was not observed much on the e-Procurement system, where the existing users still place the purchase order using conventional web-based approach that cannot address various ongoing challenges in eProcurement system. This paper attempts to review the existing trends and challenges of web-based eProcurement system and discusses that with the adoption of cloud computing as present trend, such ongoing issues of eProcurement can be addressed. The paper discusses the effectiveness of the existing techniques with interpretation of research gap.
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Madhusudan, N., and L. Manjunatha Rao. "Insights on Extent of Effectiveness, Trend, and Gap in Existing Frameworks for e-Procurement System." International Journal of Electrical and Computer Engineering (IJECE) 6, no. 2 (April 1, 2016): 751. http://dx.doi.org/10.11591/ijece.v6i2.pp751-758.
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With the advancement of technologies, the organization and business applications are witnessed with the increasing trends to adopt cut edge technologies to normalize their business process. However, this trend was not observed much on the e-Procurement system, where the existing users still place the purchase order using conventional web-based approach that cannot address various ongoing challenges in eProcurement system. This paper attempts to review the existing trends and challenges of web-based eProcurement system and discusses that with the adoption of cloud computing as present trend, such ongoing issues of eProcurement can be addressed. The paper discusses the effectiveness of the existing techniques with interpretation of research gap.
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Bourns, Ian M. "Unlicensed Medicines in the UK - Legal Frameworks, Risks, and their Management." Medicine Access @ Point of Care 1 (January 2017): maapoc.0000006. http://dx.doi.org/10.5301/maapoc.0000006.
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The UK laws regarding the licensing of medicines have been developed to reduce the likelihood of harm through their use. Unlicensed medicines lie outside that harm management process; they have additional risks and require professional responsibilities that are complex. Therefore, pharmacy practice applies risk management tactics that are specific to how it manages unlicensed medicines, especially in hospitals, where the risks of their use is at its highest. Due to increasing demand and costs - but static funding - healthcare in the UK's National Health Service is under stress and undergoing a period of transformation and cost savings. That transformation affects all areas of pharmacy practice and medicines procurement. Service leaders need to keep a focus on maintaining safety systems for unlicensed medicines through a period of change, including potential changes in roles and responsibilities.
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Gusman*, Muhammad Hanif, and Asnan Furinto. "OPTIMIZING PT SEMEN PADANG PERFORMANCE POST-COMMERCIAL CENTRALIZATION TO THE HOLDCO." JURISMA : Jurnal Riset Bisnis & Manajemen 12, no. 2 (October 30, 2022): 275–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.34010/jurisma.v12i2.6206.
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This research aims to explores the beneficial extension of the Holdco strategy and formulates the suitable meso-level strategies for PT Semen Padang. This research uses primary and secondary data collection methods, identifies the environments through generic frameworks, analyses qualitative data through thematic frameworks, and formulates the result as corporate and business strategies. According to the research, Holdco set the sales target in a top-down instruction without PT Semen Padang's interference on the procurement, marketing of cement and clinker, and supply chain functions. These functions are essential and inseparable from sales targets but withdrawn to Holdco. However, Holdco allows PT Semen Padang to develop the plant process, non-cement product, non-clinker product, and enter the non-cement business. Therefore, PT Semen Padang could fulfill the strategy gap and gain a global subsidiary mandate by building a university-industry collaboration, strengthening the vertical integration, utilizing cost-saving technologies, and the outside cement chain diversification.
Keywords : Commercial Centralization, Global Subsidiary, Collaboration, Vertical Integration, Diversification
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D'Hollander, David, and Axel Marx. "Strengthening private certification systems through public regulation." Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 5, no. 1 (February 11, 2014): 2–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-04-2013-0016.
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Purpose – Private certification systems (PCS) have emerged as governance tools for sustainable development, regulating social and environmental standards through global supply chains. PCS are seen as essentially private and market-driven, but governments have engaged with them in various ways. There are also substantial differences in the institutional design of PCS with regard to the standard-setting process, ex-ante conformity assessment and ex-post verification procedures. Consequently, what determines the institutional design of PCS has attracted growing attention. This article argues that governments, through public regulation, influence the design of PCS, which in turn affects their effectiveness. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach – First, a review of academic literature, policy and legal documents presents how PCS have become institutionalized in government policy, focusing on sustainable public procurement (SPP) regulation. Second, the authors explore the link between effectiveness and the institutional design of PCS by empirically assessing the variations between institutional parameters conducive to effectiveness. Data from the Ecolabel Index database were used to assess the presence or absence of four institutional design parameters related to the rule-making and monitoring mechanisms of PCS. Findings – Public procurement regulations are important drivers influencing the institutional design of PCS. The buying power and market share of government spending is a potential tool for policy-makers not only to stimulate the adoption of PCS, but also for shaping their design and effectiveness. However, the impact of such policies is highly dependent upon the market-share of public procurement within a given sector. In addition to public procurement frameworks, other factors drive the institutional evolution of PCS. Originality/value – The article connects two themes within the study of non-state market regulation; the growing interaction of governments with PCS, and the institutional variety and development of these systems.
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Sarhan, Saad, Christine Pasquire, Emmanuel Manu, and Andrew King. "Contractual governance as a source of institutionalised waste in construction." International Journal of Managing Projects in Business 10, no. 3 (June 6, 2017): 550–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijmpb-07-2016-0058.
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Purpose The construction industry has been subject to substantial criticism for its short-term “hit-and-run” relationships which are focussed on win-lose situations. Despite the wide recognition of these problems the industry persistently resists the radical demanded of it. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is twofold. First, to investigate why this might be the case by reviewing the governance problem confronting clients and decision makers in construction procurement, as conceptualised in transaction cost economics (TCE). Second, to critically analyse and question the efficiency and effectiveness of various safeguarding approaches, which are taken for granted and commonly practiced in construction, from a lean perspective. Design/methodology/approach The analysis of this paper is based on an in-depth critical review of 76 construction procurement and contractual-related articles, ranging from 1994 to 2016, using theories of Lean construction and TCE as an analytical lens. Findings Findings reveal that clients and decision makers often tend to safeguard their project-specific assets, against opportunism and exploitation, through the deployment of formal contractual arrangements and governance structures. These arrangements and structures typically dominate the management of the project delivery often to the detriment of the project itself; but because there is a belief that interests are safeguarded, clients and decision makers feel they have taken the best course of action. This goes a long way to explaining the coherence of the current construction model. Research limitations/implications To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first to demonstrate the usefulness of using principles of Lean construction in association with TCE when analysing construction-procurement-related issues. In particular, the use of a “lean” lens helps to expose the impact of procurement governance arrangements on process flow. The study also provides a potential research agenda that can lead to the development of prescriptive conceptual frameworks for causal analysis of institutionalised waste in construction. Practical implications The paper attempts to expose to clients and decision makers the amount of waste (and unnecessary cost) they embed by adhering to prevailing unfit-for-purpose contractual governance approaches. It also helps decision makers to consider alternative procurement arrangements and organisational techniques that could be of value and support collaborative ways of working. Originality/value The study contributes to the overall understanding of waste in construction by providing insight into various imperfect procurement and contractual arrangements, which are taken for granted and impede efficiency and improvement efforts in construction. The findings presented provide a theoretical anchor and rationale for developing alternative approaches to the design and delivery of capital projects.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Procurement process frameworks"
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Knutsen-Öy, Karolin. "Transparency in public procurement processes : a case study of a Swedish public procurement process in the consultancy market." Thesis, KTH, Entreprenörskap och Innovation, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-169906.
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This thesis explores the transparency in public procurement processes in Sweden. The purpose of the thesis is to evaluate the procurement process in the case of framework agreements on consultancy services and the focus is on exploring perceptions on the procurement process from both suppliers and procurers. The thesis contributes with findings to a research area that is not well studied, and where there is a need for more research. Previous research has focused on evaluating the regulations rather than the process. The results suggest that the specific procurement process studied is perceived to work well and being transparent. There might be information asymmetries present in the process which could potentially threaten the transparency. To further improve the procurement process both suppliers and procures would like to see more room for dialogue and less focus on following the regulations to the letter.
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Persson, Christine, and Åberg Sandra. "Gymnasieskolors inköpsprocess : En komparativ fallstudie av kommunala och fristående gymnasieskolors inköpsprocess." Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för handel och företagande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-12440.
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Bakgrund och problem: Bakgrunden till denna studie är Statistiska Centralbyråns uppmärksammande om att kommunala gymnasieskolor har 7000 kronor dyrare kostnad per elev än den fristående gymnasieskolan. En av de bidragande faktorerna till att kostnaden är lägre hos fristående skolor kan vara att de har en mer effektiv inköpsprocess. Tidigare studier beskriver fristående skolornas situation som mer flexibel medan de kommunala skolorna präglas av mer byråkrati. Den problemformulering vi förhållit oss till var: Vad finns det för skillnad i inköpsprocessen vid kommunala respektive fristående skolor som leder till att kommunala skolor har en högre kostnad per elev? Syfte: Syftet med studien är att utifrån en komparativ fallstudie finna de likheter och skillnader som återfinns i inköpsprocessen hos de olika skolverksamheterna. Därefter analyseras orsaker till inköpsrelaterade olikheter fram. Metod: Vi har gjort en komparativ fallstudie av inköpsprocesser i gymnasieskolor som bedrivs av offentlig sektor och privata aktörer. Vår empiri bygger på semistrukturerade intervjuer med nyckelpersoner som berörs av hur inköpen går till på skolorna. Empiri: Det empiriska resultatet visar att de aktiviteter som skiljer sig åt i inköpsprocessen är val av leverantör och tilldelning av kontrakt. De fristående skolorna har ett relationsfokus i sitt arbete med leverantörerna, något som de kommunala skolorna inte har möjlighet att skapa på grund av att de är tvingade att följa Lagen om offentlig upphandling. De fristående skolorna är mer flexibla vid val av leverantör då deras ramavtal inte är bindande. Det kan även konstateras att de fristående skolorna har ett större fokus på att hålla ner sina kostnader då de har ett vinstsyfte med sin verksamhet, medan de kommunala skolorna endast behöver sträva efter att hålla sin budget och att bedriva bra undervisning. Slutsatser: Den största uppmärksammade skillnaden vi kunnat urskilja i studie är att friskolorna arbetar på ett mer flexibelt sätt. Friskolorna bygger sina ramavtal på en kostnadsorientering där relationen till leverantören ligger i fokus. De kommunala skolorna har istället en prisorientering vid val av produkt.Background and problem: The drawn much attention to that community schools' have 7000 Swedish Crowns higher cost per pupil than independent schools', published by Statistics Sweden, is the background to this study. One of the contributing factors to the fact that the cost is lower in independent schools' may be that they have a more efficient purchasing process. Previous studies describe the independent schools' situation more flexible, while the municipal schools' are characterized by bureaucracy. The issue to relate to was: What is the difference in the purchasing process at the municipal and independent schools, which leads to the municipal schools have a higher cost per pupil? Purpose: The purpose of the study is based on a comparative case study to find the similarities and differences found in the purchasing process of the independent school operations and the activity in municipal schools, to consequently analyze purchases related causes to differences. Method: We have made a comparative case study of the purchasing processes in secondary schools' run by the public sector and private operators. Our empirical data is collected through semi-structured interviews with key people involved in the purchasing process. Empiricism: The empiric results show that the activities that differ in the purchase process are supplier selection and contract award. The independent school has a relationship focus in its work with suppliers, something that public schools' do not have the option to create because they are forced to follow the Public Procurement Act. The independent schools' are more flexible in the choice of provider as their framework agreement is not binding. It may also be noted that the independent school has a greater focus on keeping down their costs since they have a profit with their business while municipal schools' only need to strive to keep their budget and to pursue good education. Conclusions: The biggest noticeable difference we have been able to identify in our comparative study of independents schools' purchasing process and the municipal schools' purchasing process is that independent schools' are working in a more flexible way. Independent schools are building their framework agreement on the modern approach of purchasing theory, that is through a cost-orientation, where the relationship with the supplier is in focus.
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Pettit, Timothy J. "Supply Chain Resilience: Development of a Conceptual Framework, an Assessment Tool and an Implementation Process." Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1221767659.
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Sandler, Jeanette Louise. "A formative evaluation of the implementation process of the supply chain management policy framework in Eastern Cape Provincial Administration." Thesis, Rhodes University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1003867.
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The Eastern Cape Provincial Administration has, since the promulgation of the Supply Chain Management Policy Framework in 2003, been challenged with the implementation of the said Policy.Some departments have progressed better than others, but all of the provincial departments have been challenged in one way or another.It was therefore, necessary to research the reasons for the erratic implementation process by the different departments. An analysis, based on answers provided by senior officials of the Eastern Cape Provincial Administration in an interviewing process, was needed to get an understanding of the challenges the departments are faced within the implementation process. In order to provide quality goods and services, this dissertation aims to evaluate the implementation process, provide insight to the challenges that the departments are faced with and offer recommendations on how to remedy these challenges. The lessons learned from this research study will assist the provincial departments to re-engineer their implementation processes and move forward to greater success and embracement of the Supply Chain Management policy Framework.
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David, Anca Hélène. "L'évolution du droit de l'environnement de l'Union européenne : un outil de mise en place de l'économie verte et circulaire." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCB177.
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L'évolution du droit de l'environnement de l'Union européenne a conduit au développement d'un objectif nouveau qui vise à promouvoir l'éco-innovation et les modèles d'entreprise verts, afin de mettre en place une économie verte et circulaire. Ce nouvel objectif a eu des conséquences sur sa forme et son contenu. En effet, la forme du droit de l'Union européenne en matière d'environnement est dominée par des directives-cadres et présente une flexibilité accrue, tandis que son contenu intègre de nouveaux modèles d'entreprise, notamment le modèle d'entreprise circulaire. La transition vers une économie verte a également des conséquences sur la manière dont les États membres transposent le droit de l'environnement de l'Union européenne. Le processus de transposition est devenu un vecteur de commercialisation de l'éco-innovation sur le marché européen, associant des acteurs nouveaux à la prise de décision, à savoir : les éco-entreprises, les laboratoires de recherche et d'innovation, les pôles de compétitivité, les entreprises du numérique ou les investisseurs providentielsThe evolution of the European Union environmental law has led to the development of a new goal that aims to promote eco-innovation and green business models, in order to create a green and circular economy. This new goal had consequences on its form and content. The form of the European Union environmental law is dominated by framework directives and presents increased flexibility, while its content integrates new business models, particularly the circular business model. Furthermore, the transition to a green economy has an impact on how Member States transpose the European Union environmental law. The transposition process has become a vector of commercializing eco-innovation on the European market, and brings together new stakeholders in the decision-making process, namely: green companies, research and innovation laboratories, clusters, digital companies or business angels
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Shonhe, Johnson. "An investigation of purchasing and supply chain management practices and challenges in state enterprises : a case study of the health sector in Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10321/2614.
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Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Technology: Public Management, Durban University of Technology, 2017.The world over, countries are burdened with existing and emerging diseases and while that affected all nations, sub-Saharan Africa carried the heaviest portion. This filtered to Zimbabwe where a myriad of health challenges are faced. Unavailability of medicines coupled with poor inventory management of these medicines has been prevalent. Insufficient financial resources and increasing cost of healthcare costs is one of the pressing matters. It is also important to note that these challenges are occurring at a time when government is realising the crucial role of procurement in addressing health challenges. Due to the extent, depth, breadth and nature of the health challenges and their criticality in establishing sustainable and affordable health system in Zimbabwe, a case study approach has been adopted where data from questionnaires, interviews, documents and observations were corroborated and triangulated in an effort to bring to the surface deep-seated procurement matters and how they are related to the challenges provided. Thus, in terms of the research findings, it was first revealed that the procurement legislative frameworks and processes are fragmented and not in one place resulting in multiple accountabilities. It was further shown that the framework is inappropriate in a healthcare set-up where issues of speed and flexibility in addressing requirements are paramount. It was also shown that procurement planning being a critical aspect is regrettably and detrimentally missing in procurements. In addition, the selection criteria as set out in the regulations and practiced by individual state health facilities indicated over-reliance on price and that being the case, key aspects such as quality and supply-lead time are missed and yet are very necessary in terms of evaluation among other factors. In the findings, the peripheral role of procurement staff with clinicians being also at the epicentre of purchasing decisions was presented. Perhaps related to that was the inadequacy of procurement skills and competences from the procurement personnel. Last on the findings, financing and the frequency of disbursement was unmatched with hospital requirements and thus resulting in unavailability of adequate medicines and equipment.
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Books on the topic "Procurement process frameworks"
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Borrás, Susana, and Charles Edquist. Holistic Innovation Policy. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809807.001.0001.
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This book is about holistic innovation policy: its theoretical foundations, its problem-oriented approach, and its instrument choices. We start with the observation that most of the current innovation policies are not holistic because they only focus on a few determinants of innovation processes. This book provides a theoretically anchored foundation for the design of holistic innovation policy by identifying the core policy problems that tend to afflict the activities of innovation systems, including the unintended consequences of policy itself. This is a necessary stepping stone for the identification of viable, relevant, and down-to-earth policy solutions. The book also offers a critical analysis of policy instruments and their choice in innovation policy design. It is not a ‘recipe’ nor a ‘how-to’ guide. Instead, it provides analytical depth and substantial considerations about the ways in which policy might be providing solutions to problems in systems of innovation. After introducing its conceptual framework about innovation and innovation policy, the book delves into the following areas of innovation policy-making: knowledge production and research and development; education, training, and skills development; functional procurement as demand-side; change of organizations through entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship; interaction and innovation networks; changing institutions and regulations; and the public financing of early stage innovations. Its critical and novel perspective serves policy-makers, scholars, and anyone interested in the design of innovation policy. The summary chapter (Chapter 12) can be read independently of the rest of the book.
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Peter, Sester. Business and Investment in Brazil. Oxford University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780192848123.001.0001.
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This book provides a thorough analysis of Brazilian business law for investors and their legal advisers, focusing on topics relevant to business transactions and disputes that can arise in the aftermath of the signing or performance of deals. The essence of investment and negotiation processes is risk evaluation and allocation. Examining Brazilian law, the book focuses on the legal risks, which are higher in Brazilian law than elsewhere, particularly in comparison with contract, partnership, and company (LLC) laws governing international business transactions in the US and UK. However, whilst Brazilian contract law remains a risk factor as a result of its over-ambitious and consequently interventionist approach, Brazilian law in the areas of stock corporation, capital market, antitrust, and public procurement are state-of-the-art when compared to the US and leading European laws in Germany, Switzerland, and France. The book is divided into eight chapters: the introduction provides an overview of the economic and legal framework for doing business in Brazil, focusing on features of the Brazilian legal and economic order that are unusual to international practitioners from a comparative perspective. The other seven chapters analyze those fields of substantive law that impact most investments and cross-border transactions in Brazil. The book focuses on the interpretation of statutory law by the Brazilian Superior Court of Justice and regulatory agencies, and also provides insights into the economic and business rationale of some of the legal solutions offered.
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Mukherjee, Anit. The Absent Dialogue. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190905903.001.0001.
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Civilian control over the military is widely hailed as among the biggest successes of India’s democracy. This is a rarity, especially among postcolonial states, and is rightfully celebrated. But has this come at a cost? The Absent Dialogue argues that the pattern of civil–military relations in India has hampered its military effectiveness. Indian politicians and bureaucrats have long been content with the formal and ritualistic exercise of civilian control, while the military continues to operate in institutional silos, with little substantive engagement between the two. In making this claim, the book closely examines the variables most associated with military effectiveness—weapons procurement, jointness (the ability of separate military services to operate together), officer education, promotion policies, and defense planning. India’s pattern of civil–military relations—best characterized as an absent dialogue—adversely affects each of these processes. Theoretically, the book adopts the “unequal dialogue” framework proposed by Eliot Cohen but also argues that, under some conditions, patterns of civil–military relations may more closely resemble an “absent dialogue.” Informed by more than a hundred and fifty interviews and recently available archival material, the book represents a deep dive into understanding the power and the limitations of the Indian military. It sheds new light on India’s military history and is essential reading for understanding contemporary civil–military relations and recurring problems therein. While the book focuses on India, it also highlights the importance of civilian expertise and institutional design in enhancing civilian control and military effectiveness in other democracies.
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Byers, Terri, and Alex Thurston. Understanding Sport Organizations. Edited by Trevor Slack. 3rd ed. Human Kinetics, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5040/9781718214132.
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The classic groundbreaking text for understanding organizational theory in the sport industry is back in an extensively revised new edition. With an added emphasis on organizational behavior and practical applications of the theory, Understanding Sport Organizations: Applications for Sport Managers, Third Edition, provides a logical progression to understanding the many components of and processes in sport organizations. Readers will gain a strong theoretical foundation while learning how it applies within the context of the ever-changing field of sport management. In this third edition, new chapters incorporate critical concepts that sport managers in the current era must be familiar with: • Different policy types and the responses of sport organizations to policy • Perspectives of marketing of sport and marketing through sport • Control in sport organizations • Sex and gender in sport organizations • Volunteer management in sport • Dimensions and assessment of governance in sport organizations • Mental health difficulties and management strategies within sport environments • Applying statistical analysis to support analytic decision making in sport • Corporate social responsibility • Procurement and sport organizations To facilitate comprehension and application, each chapter opens with a list of key concepts and a real-world, contemporary scenario to demonstrate the relevance of theory and behavior in the sport industry. Time Out sidebars offer accounts from actual sport organization situations or from research findings to further illustrate issues being discussed. Chapter summaries and review questions are provided to stimulate discussion about the central issues from each chapter. Key Issues for Sport Managers boxes highlight how chapter content is applied at the level of sport manager, and closing Case for Analysis examples allow readers to directly apply information from each chapter. Real-world examples throughout the text provide opportunities for additional exploration and application of relevant concepts. Every chapter references key articles that build on the foundational framework presented and includes suggestions for further reading within general management and sport management literature. This thorough presentation of subject matter will guide readers to a greater and more practical understanding of core issues. Synthesizing modern conceptual and empirical research from many fields of management into a practical, engaging look at the sport management field, Understanding Sport Organizations: Applications for Sport Managers, Third Edition, is an invaluable resource for students and current practitioners alike.
Book chapters on the topic "Procurement process frameworks"
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Christos, Georgousopoulos, Xenia Ziouvelou, Gregory Yovanof, and Antonis Ramfos. "An Open Source e-Procurement Application Framework for B2B and G2B." In Innovations in SMEs and Conducting E-Business, 76–97. IGI Global, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-60960-765-4.ch005.
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Since the early 1980s, Open Source Software (OSS) has gained a strong interest and an increased acceptance in the software industry that has to date initiated a “paradigm shift” (O’Reilly, 2004). The Open Source paradigm has introduced wholly new means of software development and distribution, creating a significant impact on the evolution of numerous business processes. In this chapter we examine the impact of the open source paradigm in the e-Procurement evolution and identify a trend towards Open Source e-Procurement Application Frameworks (AFs) which enable the development of tailored e-Procurement Solutions. Anchored in this notion, we present an Open-Source e-Procurement AF with a two-phase generation procedure. The innovative aspect of the proposed model relates to the combination of the Model Driven Engineering (MDE) approach with the Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) paradigm for enabling the cost-effective production of e-Procurement Solutions by facilitating integration, interoperability, easy maintenance, and management of possible changes in the European e-Procurement environment. The assessment process of the proposed AF and its resulting e-Procurement Solutions occurs in the context of G2B in the Western-Balkan European region. Our evaluation yields positive results and further enhancing opportunities for the proposed Open Source e-Procurement AF and its resulting e-Procurement Solutions.
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Panda, Prabir, and G. P. Sahu. "Public Procurement Framework in India." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 229–48. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2203-4.ch010.
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Studies highlight that public procurement in any country acts as a barometer of public confidence in fairness and transparency of public institutions. A number of cases related to corruption in public procurement in the country have been highlighted by media on regular basis. These incidents raise questions regarding robustness of the procurement framework in vogue in the country. Though no special legislative framework dealing with public procurement exists in the country, the administrative guidelines on the subject are quite exhaustive. Procurement is not a state subject; hence law can be made by the Centre for entire country. However, no separate law governing public procurement has been enacted in India. However, public procurement in India is not bereft of its share of issues. Multiplicity of instructions, absence of procurement law and singular emphasis on upfront value of acquisition without considering life cycle cost mars public procurement in India. Further, social and environmental sustainability has also not received the attention it deserves. Studies highlight that migration of public procurement to Internet could provide us savings of up to 25% by streamlining 30% of Indian Union Budget spent on provisioning of goods / services. However, any such endeavor has 70% chances of failure. With only 13% e-procurement research focusing on public sector make matter worse. In the above backdrop, the chapter would cover: Importance of public procurement, Difference between public and corporate procurement, Overview of procurement framework of the country - covering constitutional/ legislative/ administrative provisions, generic public procurement process, various types of procurements – limited tender, open tender, single tender, issues in public procurement of the country and e-procurement initiatives by Government of India and status thereof.
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Mahmoud, Tariq, Marc Petersen, and David Rummel. "Business Process Integration within Lightweight Semantic-Enabled Enterprise Service-Oriented Architecture." In E-Procurement Management for Successful Electronic Government Systems, 181–92. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2119-0.ch012.
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In the last decade, the Small and Medium Enterprises (SME) market has been enormously raised, and the major vendors are trying to adapt their software to suit it. One important factor to be taken into consideration in such context is the support of internal and external business process integration. Service-oriented systems are offering reasonable business process integration support. However, they lack semantic definition of their service interfaces. The research presented in this chapter tries to solve this issue by proposing a lightweight semantic-enabled enterprise service-oriented framework where services can be semantically grouped based on the domains to which they belong. The proposed framework is merging both business processes and service orientation concepts to provide an agile and flexible enterprise solution that utilizes reusability, better quality, and faster time-to-market factors. This chapter will illustrate this framework, its goals, and outcomes, together with demonstration of a business case built on top of it.
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Ortuzar, Guillermo Burr, Elena Mora Sevillano, Claudio Loyola Castro, and Catalina Uribe. "Challenges in Chilean E-Procurement System." In Advances in Electronic Government, Digital Divide, and Regional Development, 170–202. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-2203-4.ch008.
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ChileCompra (CC) is the procurement authority of Chile. Purchases are made independently by the public entities, but CC is responsible for market regulation and management of the electronic platform, where transactions are made. ChileCompra was launched on 2003, within a deep State modernization process which started by the end of the 90s. ChileCompra was born with the mission of generating a substantial change in public procurement, as the previous system was neither responding to market needs nor to the accountability which citizens demanded. The objective was the creation of a transparent, efficient, and – most of all - accessible system, which would create equal business opportunities to companies of all sizes, especially for micro and small ones. ChileCompra manages the public procurement market, facilitating the acquisition of goods and services for public authorities; with high levels of transparency and equal opportunities for every enterprise, especially the smallest ones. Through the electronic platform www.mercadopublico.cl – which is the biggest electronic marketplace in the country – public organizations are connected to suppliers within a transparent and efficient system based on a solid regulatory framework whose governing principles are universality, accessibility, and non-discrimination. ChileCompra is currently a strong system, with high levels of transparency and efficiency. As other public procurement national systems, ChileCompra is now facing second generation challenges, like the strengthening of the public procurement role in the socio economic national development. This chapter focuses on the evolution of the Chilean public procurement system, lessons learned and challenges, and the conditions to make it a complete electronic procurement process.
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Patra, Manas Ranjan. "A Service-Oriented Agent-Based Model for Electronic Procurement." In E-Procurement in Emerging Economies, 233–64. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-153-7.ch009.
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Globalization has evoked rethinking in organizing the business processes of many enterprises in order to keep pace with the competition and dynamic nature of the market. There has been continuing research for suitable paradigms and technologies that can facilitate efficient and yet less expensive solutions, a feature that is so important for small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). Towards this end, the chapter presents a service-oriented framework that is based on the notion of Internet-accessible services to represent applications and to integrate business processes. This model propounds a metadata- driven approach to dynamically publish, discover, and select services in heterogeneous settings while engaging in business transactions such as e-procurement across organizational boundaries. The concept of software agents is also employed as a means to automate the activities relating to a procurement cycle. The central theme of this chapter is to motivate the adoption of a service-oriented agent-based framework which can provide an effective and efficient solution to e-procurement.
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Mitchell, Iain G. "Public Sector and Open Source." In Open Source Law, Policy and Practice, 429—C21.N131. 2nd ed. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198862345.003.0021.
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Abstract This chapter examines the relationship between public procurement and open source software. Historically, open source software’s clear economic advantages over proprietary software caused a gain in market share, despite previous bias towards proprietary software. To achieve its full potential both requires a level playing field and a sufficiently large user base. Governments have a clear role to play in the creation of a level playing field. The public sector meanwhile can choose to be pro-active in its support for open source software, or merely to be neutral so that there are, at least, no barriers to the procurement of open source, or, to demonstrate a bias towards particular proprietary solutions. Whatever the policy, there are both obligations and limits on what a public authority can do as part of the procurement process: for public procurement sits within a framework of international and local laws.
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Xu, Susanna Xin, and Joe Nandhakumar. "Managing E-Relationships in a Supply Network." In E-Procurement in Emerging Economies, 127–60. IGI Global, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-59904-153-7.ch006.
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This chapter investigates the dynamics of the formation and transformation of electronic supply relationships (e-supply relationships) in the Chinese cultural, technological, and industrial network context. It focuses on a newly formed large Chinese telecom company. The aim is to provide better insights into inter-organisational relationships (IORs) enabled by the application of newer types of Internet technology in different contexts, and to develop a new conceptual framework of e-supply relationships. In this research, the conceptualisation of the transformation process of e-supply relationships represents circuits of interactions between managerial actions and social structures, as well as the particular cultural and technological context within which the interactions take place.
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Langseth, Marius, and Moutaz Haddara. "Exploring data analytics adoption in public procurement: The case of Norway." In Å kjøpe for Norge, 223–56. Cappelen Damm Akademisk/NOASP, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.23865/noasp.128.ch9.
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Procurement analytics is the process of collecting and analyzing procurement data for identifying meaningful insights and aiding in effective business decision-making. The prevalence of large datasets is starting to spread high potentials across the public sector; however, an impediment to its reach and utilization orientates around the low level of data analytics adoption to exploit the full potential of this data availability. In this paper, we explore the adoption of the data science process and data analytics in procurement in the Norwegian public sector through the technology-organization-environment framework. This is achieved by employing descriptive statistics on survey data collected by the Norwegian Agency for Public Management and eGovernment, which included 343 responses across 136 municipalities, 115 state enterprises, 11 counties, and 81 municipality and state companies. Our descriptive results indicate that the organization context-related factors, such as employee competence in analytics, budget size, and top-management support for data-driven cultures, impact the organization’s adoption of data science and data analytics in public procurement. The technological and environmental contexts (for example, use of digital tools, technology availability, and national policies) have no clear impact on the organization’s adoption of analytics. However, our correlation analysis results show that none of the above-mentioned factors have a correlation with the adoption and use of data analytics in public procurement.
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Rabaey, Marc. "A Complex Adaptive System Thinking Approach of Government E-Procurement in a Cloud Computing Environment." In E-Procurement Management for Successful Electronic Government Systems, 193–219. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-2119-0.ch013.
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The main focus on e-Procurement in this chapter will be the public (government) e-Procurement, which is part of a larger whole, namely e-Government. e-Procurement and e-Government are very important tools for the government to act in this fast changing society. But as for must business, the tools may be important, but the vision and the strategy to use these tools are much more important. Therefore the chapter discusses e-Government and e-Procurement in their strategic contexts, in which intelligence (contextual integrated information) is a key factor to survive. The reason is because the government is a Complex Adaptive System (CAS). Without intelligence and the agility of its structure and processes, the government will not survive, or at least it will be less efficient and effective in developing strategies and in executing these strategies. The game theory discussion will show that the flexibility and agility of the e-Procurement system (together with a good strategy) are key factors for a successful system; otherwise e-Procurement is more of weakness in the government’s value chain of procurement of goods and services. In the last part of the discussion on Cloud Computing and e-Procurement, the author argues that ERP systems (so called best practices) are not well adapted to other contexts than the simple context of the Cynefin Framework. Service Oriented Architecture solutions can provide better (adapted) solutions for e-Procurement. Cloud Computing in combination with SOA may be the next generation solution.
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Glas, Andreas H., and Michael Essig. "Building a Conceptual Framework for Defense Acquisition Management Based on Service Dominant Logic Theory." In Emerging Strategies in Defense Acquisitions and Military Procurement, 93–108. IGI Global, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-0599-0.ch006.
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Defense acquisition is an under-researched topic of high economic, political and practical relevance, as defense acquisition typically faces recurring problems of time and cost overruns as well as performance shortfalls over the life-cycle of major weapon systems. These challenges are analyzed using the case of the German Bundeswehr. An abductive research process is applied and findings are merged with Service-Dominant-Logic (SDL) theory. The findings are used to develop a service-based understanding of defense acquisition management, what might support the further empirical analysis of influence factors and constructs. While a product-centric focus on defense acquisition fades out important relations and interdependencies between industry and the military /defense acquisition, the developed nine premises may provide a more integrative view on the military-industrial co-creation of superior military capabilities.
Conference papers on the topic "Procurement process frameworks"
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Gower, Stephen R., and Jude Moore. "Development of Global Contract for In-Line Inspection." In 2008 7th International Pipeline Conference. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2008-64052.
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In-Line inspection has increasingly been used across the oil and gas industry over the past 30 years as a key part of pipeline integrity programmes. Whilst the industry has started to develop standards through the ILI Association and the Pipeline Operators Forum the way in which the industry selects tools and contractors has not developed to the same extent. A significant amount of time is spent managing the procurement process rather than focusing on the selection of the right tools and ensuring they perform to expectations. The challenge is further exacerbated when operations are dispersed globally and involve many different operating relationships. BP has been a user of ILI technology since its introduction in the late 1970s and it has consistently grown in importance to BP in managing the integrity of an aging pipeline asset base. In 2006/2007 BP’s Exploration and Production Technology Group (EPTG) in conjunction with the Procurement and Supply Chain Management group (PSCM) carried out a review of its procurement arrangements across the globe for pipeline ILI to ascertain best practice and capture key lessons. It also gathered experience from other strategic long term supply chain initiatives around the BP Group to help inform and develop the ILI strategy. Early discussions held with ILI Suppliers confirmed that, whilst regional frameworks have been in place in some countries, extending this to a global operation would be breaking new ground in engaging ILI services and would be of benefit to both ends of the supply chain. The process not only needed to follow rigorous supply chain procedures that would meet EU Procurement Directives and BP Group requirements, it also had to meet the specific requirements of many Countries around the world. It was recognised that flexibility would be required to accommodate the introduction of new tools, developing technology and accommodate new areas of operation. BP also wanted to stimulate continuous improvement in ILI tool performance and application of innovative improved technology. More significantly a key objective of the Global Contract was to drive inspection quality and consistency, whilst maintaining a competitive but equitable pricing strategy. Successful implementation was not just about delivering a contract scope of work; it required the development of relationships and a common understanding so that when problems arise they can be resolved quickly and efficiently. This required a significant amount of work engaging both the ILI Contractors and Operating Units across the world in the process. Work on developing the Global ILI Contract was successfully concluded with contract awards in late 2007. The paper explores some of the challenges, lessons learnt and benefits of developing a Global Contract for ILI.
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Wetzlinger, Werner, Gerold Wagner, Christian Neumann, and Jorg Schweiger. "A Process Framework for the Flexible Creation of Procurement Services." In 2011 International Conference on Emerging Intelligent Data and Web Technologies (EIDWT). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/eidwt.2011.26.
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Mohammed, Shazim, Dale Persad, and Kirk Baksh. "Development and Execution of Heritage Petroleum Company Limited’s First Offshore Workover Campaign - A Case History of Successful Implementation of Performance Management." In SPE Trinidad and Tobago Section Energy Resources Conference. SPE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/200959-ms.
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Abstract Heritage Petroleum Company Limited (HPCL) is the newest operating oil and gas company in Trinidad and Tobago and was vested and entrusted with the operation and management of all the exploration and production assets of Petroleum Company of Trinidad and Tobago Limited ("Petrotrin"). Being driven by oil-based revenue meant that rig intervention projects had to be innovative, economically viable and practical to meet the company’s financial commitments. This paper presents the concepts and processes behind the development and implementation of HPCL’s Workover Scoping and Procurement Framework. The offshore team recognized the need to frame the well review and workover candidate selection process as well as a procurement process that was both operationally accommodating and in accordance with public procurement regulations. This process would also have to be tested, since it was a new concept that was not practiced by Petrotrin. The well review process involved defining reservoir deliverability and in-place volumes through static and dynamic modelling, establishing current well potential and deliverability via nodal analysis with installed completion designs, topside infrastructure conditions and flow restrictions. The procurement process was achieved by identifying local resources and generating framework agreements for services and equipment. Job specific resources were tendered to ensure a transparent selection and award. The process also involved ranking the risks of all candidates. Economic analyses were performed to determine whether the financial indicators were positive to ensure viability of the campaign. A scorpion plot was also used to manage the performance of this framework during the campaign. The result was a campaign consisting of 15 wells that was delivered on time and within the workover budget. Actual production gain was over 1700 BOPD as opposed to the expected gain of 1450 BOPD. Budgeted Net Present Value (NPV) and actual NPV was calculated to be US$ 9.42 million dollars and US$ 11.7 million dollars respectively. All resources were demobilized and removed from the offshore acreage to reduce risks and floating expense to the company at the end of the campaign.
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Abu Musa, Tahani Hussein, and Abdelaziz Bouras. "Anomaly Detection in Blockchain-enabled Supply Chain: An Ontological Approach." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0169.
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In our proposed work, we propose an anomaly detection framework, for detecting anomalous transactions in business processes from transaction event logs. Such a framework will help enhance the accuracy of anomaly detection in the global Supply Chain, improve the multi-level business processes workflow in the Supply Chain domain, and will optimize the processes in the Supply Chain in terms of security and automation. In the proposed work Ontology is utilized to provide anomaly classification in business transactions, based on crafted SWRL rules for that purpose. Our work has been evaluated based on logs generated from simulating a generic business process model related to a procurement scenario, and the findings show that our framework can detect and classify anomalous transactions form those logs.
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Hashemkhani Zolfani, Sarfaraz, Prasenjit Chatterjee, and Morteza Yazdani. "A structured framework for sustainable supplier selection using a combined BWM-CoCoSo model." In Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.081.
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Purpose – sustainability in industrial organizations is becoming one of the predominant concepts in the context of modern industrialization due to global warming, economic significance, and social awareness. These have prompted a huge concern toward sustainable supply chain management (SSCM) to be adopted and promoted as an innovative business model. Supplier evaluation and selection play a significant role in SSCM for taking appropriate procurement decisions. Research methodology – a hybrid MADM model based on Best Worst Method (BWM) and Combined Comprise Solution (CoCoSo) method. Findings – a case study in the steel industry is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach. The results show the potentiality of the proposed model in resolving complex sustainability issues in the SCM environment. Research limitations – other weighting techniques like the analytic network process (ANP) and decision making trial and evaluation laboratory (DEMATEL) approaches can also be combined and performances can be compared. Practical implications – the proposed model can be used by the organizations to select the most appropriate suppliers who contribute to the movement of the SC towards sustainability. Originality/Value – a multi-criteria evaluation model has been proposed for solving a sustainable supplier selection problem while considering economic, environmental and social criteria simultaneously by integrating BWM-COCOSO methods
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Kotlars, Aleksandrs, Inguna Jurgelane-Kaldava, and Valerijs Skribans. "Factors Affecting Long-Term Cooperation with Logistics Service Providers." In 22nd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2021”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2021.55.049.
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Nowadays different approaches are used by the companies to systematically compare and evaluate logistics service providers. The purpose of this study is to define and classify requirements, evaluation criteria and quality criteria set towards logistics service providers. In this study, information is gathered about the selection arrangements for logistics providers, which were collected from several companies. Authors looked for information related to the following questions: what are the criteria for evaluating logistics service providers; what are the requirements that logistics providers need to ensure to become a partner; what are the objectives of the selection contests (procurement tenders) defined by the companies; what are the main service quality indicators that are used to measure the performance of logistics service providers. Companies originated in the European Union from various countries have been examined. A literature review was conducted that helped to collect information regarding application of multiple-criteria decision-making for selection of logistics service providers and extract proposed selection criteria. Analysis of procurement documentation by logistics service providers was done to extract and group data that will be used to develop decision-making framework in further research. Authors created unique groups of logistics service providers selection criteria, requirements towards logistics service providers, selection goals and key performance indicators. Finally, general market research of pre-defined industries was made. There are very few studies dedicated to selection of criteria and requirements towards logistics service providers. Companies tend to formulate selection criteria of logistics service providers in general manner, at the same time, not paying attention to formulating selection process goals.
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Miserciu, Iulian. "Shared Management between the European Commission and Romania on the Implementation of European Structural and Investment Funds." In G.I.D.T.P. 2019 - Globalization, Innovation and Development, Trends and Prospects 2019. LUMEN Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18662/lumproc/gidtp2022/11.
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The European Commission (EC) and Romania ensure a shared management of European funds and the principles governing the current financial framework are those of sound financial management. For each operational program, European regulations make mandatory the existence of the following authorities: the management body (MA), the certifying body (CA) and the audit institution (AA), which must operate independently of each other. Each Member State has the freedom to create its own institutional framework, if the three authorities mentioned in the European regulations are clearly defined and delineated. The present article aims to present whether the management and control system (MCS) implemented at the Romanian level is too bureaucratic if too many authorities have been created on the European Commission's cash flow. At the same time, some of the main causes will be identified, which may lead to a lack of beneficiaries' interest in accessing the funds allocated to certain programs. Some of these cases originate from the 2007-2013 programming period where Romania was sanctioned by the European Commission with many financial corrections due to systemic irregularities identified in the process of public procurement procedure, the evaluation and selection process projects. At the same time, the lack of funding due to the failure to complete some projects in time in December 2015 will be considered, as it is compulsory to ensure the necessary public and private financial resources from the own local budgets or from the state budget in order to be able to be finished.
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Chapman, James R., K. Raymond Fine, and C. Rick Grantom. "Risk Insights and Use Based on Fukushima Accident." In 2013 21st International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone21-16834.
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A beyond design basis event resulted in severe core damage at 3 units at Fukushima Dai-iche. In response the International community identified lessons learned, conducted initial stress tests, and requested nuclear power plant operators to conduct additional evaluations and act on the results of these evaluations. In the US actions have included development of enhanced strategies to deal with an extended loss of offsite power or the ultimate heat sink, design and procurement of portable equipment to support core cooling indefinitely, and external hazard evaluations. The key external hazard evaluations are related to external flooding and seismic hazards. In addition to directed evaluations, NRC, ASME and NEI are pursuing refinements to the risk informed approach to decision making. The use of PRA in a risk informed decision making process, combined with defense in depth and safety margin considerations, has expanded considerably in the past two decades. So the questions addressed in this paper are: Why expand this approach further? How are PRA and traditional practices balanced? And what is the outcome if we do not expand this approach? The insights are based on the ongoing activity by NRC to address Near Term Task Form (NTTF) Recommendation 1 [1,2] NUREG-2150 [3] which proposes a more risk informed regulatory process, ASME [4] and Industry activity lead by the Nuclear Energy Institute (NEI) [5]; and past and ongoing uses of PRA. In summary, the paper concludes that an improved and increased use of a risk informed process is appropriate so as to better address lessons learned from the events at Fukushima, to better understand and act on limiting plant features (“vulnerabilities”), and have a framework in place to address any future beyond design basis events or new information more coherently. A key lesson learned from Fukushima Dai-ichi is that PRA can identify vulnerabilities which can be acted on to reduce the potential for loss of another plant. But this requires the International community to embrace PRA, and to date the International community has not. This is because most in the Industry rely on checklists and are challenged to envision low frequency high consequence events.
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Srivastava, Yogesh Chandra, Consuelo Granata, Priyanshu Upadhyay, Corrado Algozino, and Abhishek Srivastava. "End-To-End Digital AWP Based Project Delivery, LNG Case Study." In ADIPEC. SPE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.2118/210914-ms.
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Abstract Objectives/Scope An expansion multi-billion dollar LNG plant EPC project has successfully adopted end to end digital project delivery overcoming numerous challenges. The complete Engineering, Procurement and Construction works, is scheduled to be commissioned by 2025. An extension of the existing liquefaction complex comprising of six complete trains and associated facilities, meant to increase the national LNG production by 35%. The complexity of multiple inter-continental entities, systems and cultural divisions between Engineering, Procurement (in Europe) and Construction driven from Far-east had been significant and further compounded by Covid. To align all parties early using the Advanced Work Packaging (AWP) method and digitally mapping the systems and enormous data generated from each department (working in silos), were the main challenges in taking the job further from FEED in to Detail Engineering and Site Execution. The entities involved had adopted the AWP method first time for project delivery. Methods, Procedures, Process Based on the Advanced Work Packaging (AWP) and Workface Planning (WFP) philosophy, the whole project have been managed through a highly effective building sequence based digital detailed work packages for Engineering, Preconstruction planning and Onsite installation (EWPs, CWPs and IWPs respectively). The digital collaboration between departments and teams located in multiple countries, made all that possible and has been the key to success. The JV engaged subject matter experts in AWP, and also implemented an end to end digital project delivery platform. The platform was implemented as a non-disruptive overlay to over 15 different pre-existing software and tools. Their interaction into a single digital platform has been extremely important to connect and manage the various stage of the process. All the information from Engineering, Procurement and Construction flow in one unique database and interact each other. That allows all stakeholders, including the Owner, to manage and have the full visibility of all EPC phases. A huge amount of data and information centralized, digitalized and made available to all stakeholders. The flexibility in the customization of the various modules and dashboards of the system, has been imperative due to the different setups and approach to Construction from JV's companies and that's the biggest vantage to manage properly all phases of the project. Results, Observations, Conclusions According to various analysis performed on the project schedule, the Engineering phase got a 10% reduction of manhours investment against a contemporary AWP implementation, because of taking a digital approach. The project has started to experience a schedule compression consequently in Construction activities, that have started earlier than planned. By utilizing the automatic breakdown of CWPs into IWPs, considering the crew size and their rates, has led to a significant reduction in manhours spent for the WFP activities at site and in terms of number of personnel required. The early preparation has started to reduce the uncertainties faced in the field. Construction progress details are made visible through the system and utilising some of the 3D functions, and also get a graphical representation on a colour coded 4D report. The selective account permissions, makes relevant data available to any stakeholder in an easy to use and simple manner, depending on the department and company. One can view and work only on the required portion of the total scope, reducing the time of chasing information when dealing with huge amount of data. Furthermore, it provided a great advantage to allow setting up the contractual requirements based on the visibility of information to the project leadership of each company involved. Novel/Additive Information Conventionally, AWP implementation is resource intensive and time consuming for any new entity. Directly implementing this in mega project with companies in a JV situation is even more challenging. Taking a digital first approach and adopting a strong framework enabled by cloud based technology has been a great advantage for all departments and stakeholders involved. The project has avoided lost time in chasing information and people, decreased the risk of common mistakes in data retrieval and have increased their productivity. The advanced planning and the interaction with the project schedule, the deliverables and the materials availability in real time has been done smoothly. Furthermore, the Machine learning based material visibility, management of various warehouses have helped implement a smooth material pull for the project. The GIS based scope management along with the various 3D functions, are being used along with machine learning to drive continuous improvement for the success of the LNG project.
Reports on the topic "Procurement process frameworks"
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Ruiz, Pati, Eleanor Richard, Carly Chillmon, Zohal Shah, Adam Kurth, Andy Fekete, Kip Glazer, et al. Emerging Technology Adoption Framework: For PK-12 Education. Digital Promise, October 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/161.
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The Emerging Technology Adoption Framework was created with education community members to help ensure that educational leaders, technology specialists, teachers, students, and families are all part of the evaluation and adoption process for placing emerging technologies in PK-12 classrooms. We engaged an Emerging Technology Advisory Board through Educator CIRCLS based out of The Center for Integrative Research in Computing and Learning Sciences (CIRCLS) and gathered additional feedback from researchers, policy experts, the edtech community, educators, and families to ground our work through a community of experts. This framework is specifically designed to include community members in the process of making informed evaluation and procurement decisions and outlines the important criteria to consider during three stages of emerging technology implementation: (1) initial evaluation, (2) adoption, and (3) post-adoption. Each criterion has specific questions that can be asked of decision makers, district leaders, technology researchers and developers, educators, and students and families, as well as resources and people who might serve as resources when answering these questions.
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Bolton, Laura. Transition to Federal Health and Education Governance. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), June 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.096.
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This report looks at transition from central to federal responsibilities for health and education in Nepal and Indonesia. Federalism is a complex process and it was outside of the scope of this review to investigate the extent to which it has been developed in these countries and the nature of its functioning. Challenges identified in the literature on transition to federalism and decentralisation include ensuring equitable distribution of finances and resources across states, slow transfer of power and lack of coordination between government levels, lack of capacity at local levels and incoherence in capacity building, ensuring continuity of medical supplies and continuity of health services during transition, and training local level health personnel in procurement. This report also notes some recommendation from experience on transition to decentralisation, including the need to put a clear legislative framework, to make a slowly phased transition is needed to allow for changes and adjustments, to consider conditional grants to ensure that health is not de-prioritised in a federal system.
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Hicks, Jacqueline. Examples of 'Systems Thinking' Projects in International Development. Institute of Development Studies, March 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2022.067.
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A “systems thinking” (ST) approach generally recognises that international development processes are complex, inter-related, non-linear, and constantly changing. They involve many different types of actors, all with different levels of power. ST change methods try to mirror these qualities, and move away from more conventional project design and implementation that use simple linear input-output-impact project logic. Thus, this rapid literature review seeks to find out what are some examples of ‘systems thinking’ projects in international development. The aim of this rapid review is to provide concrete examples of how ST shows up in the project design and management processes that are typically used by people working in the international development sector. These include project management arrangements, evaluation indicators, results frameworks, budget allocations and procurement, country diagnostics, and the foundational analysis that informs project design. The examples found were mostly extracted from donor project documents. Different definitions of ST may emphasise different elements. An attempt was made to find a range of projects from different sectors, and to go beyond projects that exemplified “Market Systems Development” and “Adaptive Management,” for which there are already repositories of project examples (see Further Resources).The inclusion of the projects in this review does not imply that they were successful, only that they contain some evidence of ST in them. Most of the projects identified have a further library of documents, including evaluations, that give more detailed information about their successes and failures.
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Bush, Joseph, Eileen Westervelt, Brian Clark, David Schwenk, Stephen Briggs, Daniel Shepard, Michael Cary Long, Tapan Patel, Melanie Johnson, and Eric Lynch. Installation utility monitoring and control system technical guide. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), August 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45081.
Full textAbstract:
Army policy calls for each installation to install a building automation system (aka utility monitoring and control system [UMCS]) to provide for centralized monitoring of buildings and utilities to reduce energy and water commodity and maintenance costs. Typically, the UMCS, including building control systems (BCS), is installed and expanded in piecemeal fashion resulting in intersystem incompatibilities. The integration of multivendor BCSs into a single basewide UMCS, and subsequent UMCS operation, can present technical and administrative challenges due to its complexity and cybersecurity requirements. Open Control Systems technology and open communications protocols, including BACnet, LonWorks, and Niagara Framework, help overcome technical incompatibilities. Additional practical considerations include funding, control systems commissioning, staffing, training, and the need for a commitment to proper operation, use, and sustainment of the UMCS. This document provides guidance to Army installations to help achieve a successful basewide UMCS through its full life cycle based on DoD criteria and technical requirements for Open Control Systems and cybersecurity. It includes institutional knowledge on technical solutions and business processes amassed from decades of collaboration with Army installations and learned from and with their staff. Detailed activities spanning both implementation and sustainment include planning, procurement, installation, integration, cybersecurity authorization, and ongoing management.