Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Processus technique'
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Martin, Carmen. "Caractérisation du processus de conception par l'intégration méthodologique." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ECAP0694.
Full textGalvan, Montiel Damaris. "Modélisation du processus de conception : proposition d'un processus élémentaire." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0919.
Full textSense, Xavier. "La pensée de la technique à l’épreuve du processus artistique." Paris 10, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA100090.
Full textThe starting point of this research is the incommunication. Because communicate implies a relation between a world and a sense, the incommunication would mean their absence. Then a paradox : how can thought and words relate the event from which we come ? Is it absurd for a researcher in communication and information to have as object the incommunication which seems to refuse any mediation ? Or is it possible to consider it instead like the possibility to leave the thought in order to invent it again ? These questions require less an answer than modalities of elaboration. That’s why we need an object and a method. This one consists in standing by the incommunication to interrogate as it is and to avoid putting it inside strictly communicationnal perspective. As for the object, it concerns art which seems to be an informationnal process indefinitely deferred. On the other hand, and because art is too a production, it’s necessary to pose the problem of its relation with technics, and in particular : how produce some indeterminate ? Then the everyday experience shows that every technical objet works but is sometimes out of order and that way indeterminate itself. Therefore it becomes possible to consider artistic practices like failing uses. Here we can formulate our project : outline an other thought of technics from the incommunication of art. More exactly, art, by unsetting technics, enjoins on us to think technics like an in-formation. So, before it allows a relation between subjects or objects, the technics constitutes them
Gublin, épouse Diquelou Amérina. "L'animal et la technique : Etude comparée des processus de domestication." Compiègne, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005COMP1577.
Full textThe aim of this thesis was to determine the actors’ relative influences in the human/animal relationship. The animal's identity changes when placed in the human technical environment The human, in return, is also modified. The human/animal relationship is thus a dynamic system, determined by the human cultural origin as well as by the animal's species. A study, done in French Guyana, shows that the less the domesticity of a species is ambiguous, the more its emotional status is stable and strong within the culture; the study also shows that the symbolic power of the animal strongly influences the relationship. It is therefore at the interface between human phantasm of the animal and the animals own natural identity, that the relationship is built. The adequacy between human desire and the potential of the animal species mould the relation and determine the outcome. Ln conclusion, the study of human/animal relationships could be considered as a useful tool in culture characterization
Schlegel, Daniel. "Contribution à l'intégration du métier maintenance dans le processus de conception : une approche expérimentale." Besançon, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004BESA2033.
Full textMaintenance can be highly implied in a product lifecycle cost. In order to take it into account as soon as possible in the design process, we seek principles and methods that are simple and easy to use. To achieve this, we carried out a design experiment, during which four actors designed a mechanical product prone to maintenance. This experiment was filmed and recorded. Maintenance problems, related to the main maintenance tasks, were identified and followed throughout the experiment. We analysed the modules implied in maintenance, the functions concerned, and the transformation of these functions into structure. The design acts allowed us to define a typology of the maintenance problems. Taking this typology into consideration, the preceding analyses were then lead again. These analyses show us that the functions mainly implied are associated with the most severe external elements. These analyses also show a succession of phases during which functional constraints are integrated, and other phases during which structural constraints are integrated. The concepts determination is a crucial period for the maintenance integration, a great number of maintenance constraints being then taken into account. That expresses a transition from a phase during which maintenance is understood, towards a phase during which maintenance solutions are produced and evaluated. The life cycle of maintenance problems was then modelled. This descriptive model includes the different states of the maintenance problems, and the transitions between these states. A method for the maintenance integration and a tool based on these maintenance problems were then proposed
Lancelot, Brigitte. "La gestion automatisée des réseaux d'assainissement : analyse d'un processus d'innovation technique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1985. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00523044.
Full textThioye, Boubocar Obeye. "Processus de trasmission des savoirs agricoles chez les sereer au Sénégal: projet de création d'un écomusée du terroir." Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/18714.
Full textMagbondo, Thierry. "Coopération décentralisée et processus de décentralisation en Afrique subsaharienne." Evry-Val d'Essonne, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006EVRY0009.
Full textThe thesis proposes to take stock of the support of the co-operation decentralizes with the process of decentralization in sub-Saharan Africa. It is at the same time a question of examing the satisfactory conditions so that the decentralized co-operation has positiive effects and raising the obstacles. The decentralized co-operation is a tool of support essential with the process of decentralization. Only, if decentralization is imposed on sub-Saharan Africa by the partners with the developpement, those must reform their mecanism of financing and adapt their legal environment to achieve the assigned goals : the local development ant the local democracy. The ambitions of the decentralized co-operation – concept of partnership and global solution – create waitings of the local authorities of the South to which the reality of the actions carried out and human means placed at their disposal do not answer. Taking into consideration experiment certain, the qualitative and quantitative impact of the co-operation decentralized with the process of decentralization remains modest
Addouche, Sid-ali. "Contribution à une démarche de conception optimisée des processus de désassemblage." Besançon, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BESA2063.
Full textFor the past years, more and more research has been carried out in close cooperation with manufacturing companies and environmental services in order to develop methods allowing to design profitable and robust disassembly systems. They are complex systems where process optimisation is essential. This is the problem addressed in this thesis, where we propose an organized method for the disassembly of end of life manufactured objects in general, and of end of life vehicules more specifically. .
Poveda, Olivier. "Pilotage technique des projets d'ingénierie simultanée : modélisation des processus, analyse et instrumentation." Grenoble INPG, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPG0147.
Full textAlouani, Zohra. "Organiser l'ingénierie concourante dans l'entreprise : contribution méthodologique : application aux processus de conception dans l'industrie automobile." Nice, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998NICE0002.
Full textThe objective of this thesis is to conceive an appropriate operational method for the implementation of the concurrent engineering in industrial industry. In order to do this, we proceeded in three stages. First of all, we defined in detail this organization. We cleared the main orientations on which we pushed ourselves all along our research : the appreciation of a conception "sequential simultaneity", the systemic vision of this organization, the notion of concurrency, notions quality/cost/time. Then, we determined the constituent elements of the concurrent engineering : the management of projects, approach sociotechnical, communication. This identification permitted us to note that the human componants and techniques are indissociable in the setting up of the concurrent engineering. Finally, all these remarks permitted us to develop a method of accompaniment of the organizational change toward the concurrent engineering. This procedure rests on several assumptions. The first is that the concurrent engineering follows a continuous process of where the necessity of a reasoning on several degrees and the determination of a typology that includes four degrees of concurrent engineering of the highest or least concurrent. On the other hand, the concurrent engineering is a systemic organization, that implies a hold in the amount of a multidimensional universe
Anghel, Daniel-Constantin. "Contribution à l'analyse des itérations dans le processus de conception : proposition d'indicateurs d'évaluation de performances." Besançon, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007BESA2001.
Full textThe iterations are one of the important characteristics which influence the performances of the design process. Their analysis is a key factor for the deadlines compression and the costs reduction. Therefore, it is essential to develop adequate methods of observation, modeling and treatment to identify and highlight these iterations and their impact, and afterwards to reduce their consequences. The research work presented in this thesis falls under this context. First, the concept of iteration is defined and then a classification of the iterations is proposed. This stage is based on bibliographical study which concerns two aspects: the design process modeling, particularly in the context of concurrent engineering, and the information flow modeling in design. The classification of the iterations allows a better choice of the methods of iterations treatment, in order to eliminate or to reduce them. The second stage, based on design experiments, aims to validate and enrich classification suggested. This stage also makes possible to deal with the quantitative analysis of the iterations. In the third stage, we propose indicators to evaluate the performance of the design process based on the iteration studies. In this stage, we present: (1) the process indicators, developed from the analysis of the intermediary objects and the interaction between the designers; (2) the result indicators, developed from the quantitative analysis of the iterations. In different stages of this study, various strategies are proposed to reduce the iterations and/or their impact in the design process
Betelu, Claire. "Réunion d' Artistes dans l'atelier d' Isabey : processus créatifs de Louis-Léopold Boilly." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010555.
Full textPresented at the Salon in 1798, Reunion of Artists in Isabey's studio is now recognized as a major work c Louis-Léopold Boilly. Applauded by the public, mocked by critics, this painting is the first representation artists of such as a scale and ambition in French painting. The study of the different steps of the creative process, from the first known drawings to the choice of the title, describes a complex process of design an creation. With the support of genetic criticism and the forensic examination of paintings and drawings during restoration, the analysis offers a new reading of the artist's practice in the context of the final years of this French Revolution. It reveals the links and ambitions of a new artistic community open to all actors of bot fine and performing arts
Giraud, Lia. "L’œuvre processus. Pratiques dialogiques entre biologique et technique, vers une écologie de l’œuvre." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLET037/document.
Full textHow does the implementation of biological and technical processes, dialoguing in the context of an art 'dispositif', contribute in practice to the elaboration of an 'associated milieu' necessary to our current technoscientific context? Our identity, defined by both a biological and a cultural experience of the world (E. Morin) is today called into question with the existence of a 'dissociated milieu' (B. Stiegler) disrupting the individual and the collective construct. In it’s approach to the living and technology, the current technoscientific context favours a feeling of discontinuity. Despite a growing physical proximity, the process that brings together these two entities appears to be masking the sense and significant experiences they also provoke. Grounded within my artistic practice and put into the perspective of the state of the Arts, this artist doctoral thesis has as goal to heal this relationship, putting it “at work” at the heart of the artistic context: the artistic 'medium' will therefore be considered as an 'associated milieu' (G. Simondon) able to connect shape and form, natural and technical elements, mental and physical experiences.Thanks to its capacity to draw action, materiality, perceptibility and signification together, the artistic approach of the 'processus' is a research hypothesis of choice: the 'œuvres-processus' establish an operative and meaningful dialogue between life and technical processes, thus composing a corpus of interdisciplinary projects and works, in which scientists, engineers and artists collaborate. Among them, a learning experience based on epigenetics called 'Teaching Dance to 8 Telegraph Plants'; a research on the topic of stromatolites that explores the mythological aspect of biomineralization and the aesthetics of the technical gesture; or furthermore the 'Temporium', a sculpture-laboratory which creates living images and also brings together several aspects of this research: the transition from the research to the artwork, the constraints of a living material, the technical and aesthetic challenges of the project, and the autonomy of the exhibited work. The description and analysis of this practice-based research will serve as groundwork to tackle the issue raised here —in a more theoretical manner— meanwhile equally addressing the aesthetic stakes of the 'process-work' and the potentials of the research context in art that comes with its creation.Through its aesthetic of the becoming, its quality as a physical and symbolical medium, the 'process-work' unfolds a relational activity that contributes not only to an associating aesthetic experience, but also opens the exhibition space to a new societal role. Initially appearing as a constraint, the technicality of the work-process may become a source of individuation for its practitioner. This instrumental aspect opens additionally onto new opportunities outside the artistic field, eased by the interdisciplinary nature of the projects. On a more intangible level, this pluralistic research ecosystem also contributes to the expression of a 'collective singularity' and to the elaboration of a 'fabric of the common'. Nevertheless punctuated by unavoidable failures, this research uncovers as well its own weaknesses, by revealing certain limits the artist-researcher has when faced with the constraints the current artistic context presents.This analysis reveals the necessity to take into account the 'ecological’ aspect of this project, the 'process-work' appearing as a support of choice for the creation of a system, aiming to work together the mental, environmental and social dimensions that characterize the human experience
Canel, Annie. "Processus d'innovation technique, organisation de la firme et organisation spatiale Le cas de l'électronique." Phd thesis, Marne-la-vallée, ENPC, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993ENPC9312.
Full textCanel, Annie. "Processus d'innovation technique, organisation de la firme et organisation spatiale. Le cas de l'électronique." Phd thesis, Ecole Nationale des Ponts et Chaussées, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00344621.
Full textDes problèmes se posent à deux niveaux: celui des stratégies d'organisation en matière de recherche et d'innovation et celui des moyens utilisés, notamment la gestion des ressources humaines et la gestion par projet, pour développer les interactions entre la R-D et les autres acteurs de la firme.
L'organisation spatiale des entreprises joue un rôle particulier dans les stratégies d'organisation; elle constitue à la fois une contrainte, par l'inertie des localisations, et un facteur de développement de nouvelles synergies, par la relocalisation des équipes de R-D ou la réorganisation spatiale des relations entre les acteurs du processus d'innovation.
Micouin, Patrice. "Propositions pour la définition et la mise en place de processus d'ingénierie de systèmes : application au cas de la conception concourante dans le secteur de l'automobile." Paris, ENSAM, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ENAM0028.
Full textShariat, Ghodous Parisa. "Modélisation intégrée de données de produit et de processus de conception." Lyon 1, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LYO10208.
Full textRoulet, Nicolas. "Modélisation du processus d'innovation technologique en PME-PMI : application à la conception d'une nouvelle technologie de fabrication basée sur la technique laser." Phd thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2006. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00002065.
Full textBenzekri, Abdallah. "Le régime juridique des experts internationaux et leur rôle dans le processus du développement." Paris 1, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA010293.
Full textBenmoussa, Othmane. "Développement d'une nouvelle technique de transport à forte capacité d'emport : processus d'innovation et dynamique industrielle /." [S.l.] : [s.n.], 2003. http://library.epfl.ch/theses/?nr=2870.
Full textD'Astous, Patrick. "Approche de mesure et d'analyse des réunions de révision technique du processus de génie logiciel." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0006/NQ42820.pdf.
Full textGuenebaut, Adrien. "Modèle générique du processus créatif en conception des systèmes." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2008. https://publication-theses.unistra.fr/public/theses_doctorat/2008/GUENEBAUT_Adrien_2008.pdf.
Full textThis thesis part of a finding (§I), the need to propose a method of formalize the initial and conceptual phases of systems design that is not dependant on the design method or the application field. Prior to specify the nature of the method of formalization, it becomes important to clarify the initial and conceptual phases of systems design (§II). From there, it is possible to present method, means and results (§III). This is an holonic approach based on a study of ontologies of preliminary design of the systems. Therefore it is proposed in this thesis a model of primitives that can be used to construct an adaptive descriptive model of the creative process used by the designer whatever this one may be. These results are also based on an analysis industrial partly illustrated by a case study (§IV). Discussions and prospects conclude this thesis (§V)
Perpen, José-Luis. "Définition et réalisation d'une application orientée objet pour la maîtrise du processus de coupe." Bordeaux 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000BOR10535.
Full textYvonnet, Marie-Noëlle. "L' autoportrait et les nouvelles images : pour une réhabilitation de la technique dans le processus créateur." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010626.
Full textVargas, Catalina. "Modélisation du processus de conception en ingénierie des systèmes mécaniques : mise en oeuvre basée sur la propagation de contraintes : application à la conception d'une culasse automobile." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995DENSA001.
Full textDesign is a complex activity which requires different kind of knowledge. It needs human skills such as know how and creativity. This activity is based on theorical principles and on empiric facts. In design the aim is to produce a description of an artefact which will exhibit the necessary attributes to carry out a given function. Design is, thus, the process of providing form froma formless description. We present a design process model to represent mechanical engineering design knowledge, specially in routine design or redesign. This approach proposes a design aid system environment based on proposed models and on a constraint propagation mechanism link to a traditional CAD/CAM system. Aprototype based in a cylinder haed design shows our meaning
Longueville, Barthélémy. "Capitalisation des processus de décision dans les projets d'innovation : application à l'automobile." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003ECAP0934.
Full textIbrahim, Dalia. "Etude théorique d'indicateurs d'analyse technique." Phd thesis, Université Nice Sophia Antipolis, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919102.
Full textOuazzani-Touhami, Mohamed Adil. "Représentation dynamique du processus de conception : une perspective de capitalisation de l'historique de conception : la méthode SAGEP." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999ECAP0669.
Full textMouhoud, El Mouhoub. "Changement technique et division internationale du travail : recomposition internationale des processus productifs et stratégies de relocalisation industrielle." Paris 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA010018.
Full textTHIS research DEALS WITH THE IMPACT OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGME (BASED ON INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES) ON THE INTERNATIONAL SPECIALISATION AND LOCATION PA PATTERNS. THE DEVELOPED COUNTRIES MAY RECOHQUER THEIR COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES IN THE LABOUR INTENSIVE INDUSTRIES. THE REINDUSTRIALISATION AND RESPECIALISATION SATION PROCESS RESULTING FROM TECHNICAL CHANGE MAY INDUCE A DECREASE IN TRANSFERRING PRODUCTION UNITS OPERATIONS IN THE LESS DEVELOPPED COUNTRIES. MANIFACTURING OFFSHORE ADVANTAGES MAY BE EQUALIZED BY ECONMIES OF SCOPE AND A BETTER ADJUSTMENT TO THE FAST DEMAND FLUCTUATIONS. HOWEVER, THE SECTORIAL ANALYSIS SHOWS SIMULTANEOUS MOVMENTS OF DECOMPOSTION AND RECOMPOSITION OF PRODUCTS PROCESS. THOSE CONTRADICTORY MOVMENTS OF RELOCATION AND RETRANSFERRING MULTINATIONAL FIRMS ARE EXPLAINED BY AN ANALYSIS IN TERMS OF TECNICAL SPECTRUM IN THE PRODUCTIONPROCESS OF A SAME GOOD. THE NEW INTERNATIONAL DIVISION OF LABOUR EXPECTED IN THE 1970 YEARS IS LIMTED FOR THE LESS DEVELOPPED COUNTRIES LOSING THEIR COMPARATIVE ADVANTAGES IN THE LABOUR INTENSIVE SECTORS. MOREOVER, THE SYSTEMIC DIFFUSION OF THE NEW TECHNOLOGICAL PARADIGME INDUCES A RELATIVE EROSION OF THEIR ADVANTAGES IN THE NATURAL RESSOURCES FIELD. THIS MAY LEAD TO A RISK OF FORCED DECONNECTION PROCESS BETWEEN NORTH AND SOUTH
Grange, Avent. "Méthode d'optimisation multiobjectif de la conduite d'un réacteur nucléaire : application à un RNR-Na fonctionnant avec un cycle de Brayton." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019AIXM0500.
Full textDefining the reactor operation allows the nuclear power plant to achieve objectives in terms of thermodynamic performance and to meet safety requirements. This work develops a method to define the reactor operation as the solution to a multiobjective optimization and constrained problem. The decision variables selected to solve this kind of problems are the actuators and the descriptive parameters related to regulations implemented in the reactor operation. The decision variables number is potentially high and induced a high number of simulations to solve the multiobjective problem. The reactor operation is modeled using the CATHARE2 code and is characterized by a long computation runtime, which makes the multiobjective problem resolve impossible. To overstep this problem, the developed method reduces the dimension size of the research space and builds surrogate models (metamodels) to replace CATHARE2 code simulations in order to mimic objectives and constraints depending on the decision variables. These metamodels use the conditioned Gaussian processes structure on a learning base of the variable to mimic. A coupling of these substitution models to a genetic algorithm enables the definition of a set of reactor optimal operations homogeneously spread in the solutions space. The low prediction errors of the metamodels provide an accurate estimate of the Pareto Front. The method is used to optimize the ASTRID operation for the loss of off-site power and the frequency setting transients
Crubleau, Pascal. "L'identification des futures générations de produits industrielsProposition d'une démarche utilisant les lois d'évolution de Triz." Angers, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ANGE0055.
Full textHalin, Gilles. "Apprentissage pour la recherche interactive et progressive d'images : processus EXPRIM et prototype RIVAGE." Nancy 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989NAN10412.
Full textBensadon, Didier. "La consolidation des comptes en France (1929-1985) : analyse du processus d'introduction et de diffusion d'une technique comptable." Nantes, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007NANT4024.
Full textThis research analyses the introduction and diffusion process of group accounting in France. Through the analysis of archives from companies, public or private organisms and through the study of accounting handbooks and treaties, three periods have been identified. During the first one, 1929-1945, managers and stakeholders expressed the need of accounting information on the group. However even if group accounting is already practised in the United States and United Kingdom, it isn't well known by French accountancy practitioners and consequently is not applied in France, where accounting standards can't be found. The second period is from 1945 to 1968. The French accountancy practitioners became interested by group accounting as soon as 1951. In the early 1960s, managers had to face the problem of subsidiaries tracking, they also wanted to follow the requirements of American batiks and financial markets. They consequently became familiar with group accounting. The French state tackled the issue and, in 1968, the Conseil national de la comptabilité set up a methodology for group accounts applied to French companies. During the third period, 1968-1985, the Commission des operations de bourse played a crucial part in the diffusion of group accounting. Congresses, accounting reviews, and the accounting education field took part in this diffusion of this technique. The law of January, 3 1983 made it compulsory for public companies to disclosure their financial consolidated statements. The law of January, 3 1985 broadened this obligation to all companies, after the transcription of the seventh European Economic Community directive in the French corporate law
Dufour, Denis. "Technique d'assemblage de deux pieces en polyethylene : modelisation d'un processus de soudage par reticulation du plan de joint." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988STR13090.
Full textDufour, Denis. "Technique d'assemblage de deux pièces en polyéthylène modélisation d'un processus de soudage par réticulation du plan de joint /." Grenoble 2 : ANRT, 1988. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb37613247h.
Full textArrighi, Pierre-Antoine. "Modèles d’intégration des designers créatifs dans les processus de conception industriels." Thesis, Paris, ENMP, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014ENMP0016/document.
Full textMany studies show that industrial design is key to triggering, fostering andsustaining innovation. However, the unique capacities of creation and innovationof industrial designers make it challenging for them to thrive within industrialenvironments.The challenge for companies is to create the optimal work environment forthose professionals, while ensuring their work can be integrated smoothly intothe existing industrial design processes. We assume this dilemma is partiallystemming from the intensive use of sequential design models in the industry.Design tools were developed on the assumption that creative front end andproduct development should be separated.We introduce here a new model, aiming at depicting accurately the reasoningmodes and the nature of the object being designed with the digital ComputerAided Design (CAD) suites. This model is the result of the joint mobilization offour academic fields : computer, cognitive and management science and designtheories. Dassault Systèmes and their CATIA software have proven to be an excellentresearch environment for such questions. As we have been thinking, thenew model (laminated) makes three new hypothesis. Those unheard assertionshave been suggested and validated with this thesis :1/ Some specific design workshops are able to provide simultaneously robust andgenerative design capacities. We call this characteristic «acquired originality».2/ The object representations within by the software are not the result of successiverefinements but derive directly from a parameterized set of rules.3/ Industrial designers have specific requirements for CAD tools, different fromtheir engineers and artists counterparts because what they design is fundamentallydifferent. IDs generate conceptual models using a mass singularity technique.Those results sketch the emergence of a new generation of CAD tools forindustrial designers and able to foster innovation
Cantzler, Olivier. "Une architecture conceptuelle pour la pérennisation d'historiques globaux de conception de produits industriels complexes." Châtenay-Malabry, Ecole centrale de Paris, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997ECAP0665.
Full textGodier, Patrice. "Fabrication de la ville contemporaine : processus et acteurs : le cas de l'agglomération bordelaise." Thesis, Bordeaux 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009BOR21647/document.
Full textIn a context where urban problems forms of public action and systems of actors drastically change the ways to build the city these last decades, we must understand the logics of action that influence the dynamics of spatial and territorial changes. The analysis model is developed from the point of view of the urban sociology and is based on three important intercative processes. A strategic framing process whose reference system gives the standart in terms of a base of shared representations. A complicated organizational process (networking), involving ressources and persons whose actions and interventions need to be coordonated and controlled within a specifical technical, legal and organisatinal system (urban contracting owner). A process, of a precise, material and spatial translation aiming the concrete realization, on privileged territories of operations which on the basis of the initial intentions and within the framework of a space of specific activities, combine economic, political and symbolic objectives. The concept of urban project is the expression of the chaining of these three processes. Starting from a jointly defined issue on the scale of the city of agglomeration, it generates during a given time period a collective activity, mobilizes and recruits in each stage of all levels of responsabilities a plurality of actors around a serie of urban and architectural operations. The agglomeration of Bordeaux and its transformation over the period 1995-2006 is used as reference base
Foasso, Cyrille. "Histoire de la sûreté de l'énergie nucléaire civile en France (1945-2000) : technique d'ingénieur, processus d'expertise, question de société." Lyon 2, 2003. http://theses.univ-lyon2.fr/documents/lyon2/2003/foasso_c.
Full textThis doctoral dissertation relates the history of the mastery of risks in civil nuclear plants in France. Since 1960, it's known as the sûreté nucléaireʺ. Over a fifty-year period separating the discovery or the atomic fission and its industrial application on a large scale this PhD shows which technical means were used over the years by engineers to handle this risk which is said to be huge. It also studies the various processes in expert evaluation and in decision making elaborated to evaluate if the risk was acceptableor not. Beyond the conflicts between nuclear advocates and opponents, this thesis shows how ever among nuclear engineer the growing distinction between roles (promoters, experts and controlling authorities) and the various jobs (designers, builders and plant operators) triggered different estimations as far as the methods to obtain a satisfactory safety. Thanks to the progress of knowledge through research programs, thanks to the lessons drawn from the functioning or dysfunctioning of nuclear plants, thanks to the reinforcement of regulations (which more or less reflects the public's opinion concerning this industry) the safety has progressively improved. Thus, this historical study is multiple: a technical history of technology, a history of scientific, industrial and administrative organization, a social history and finally an international and comparative history since the nuclear energy history quickly developped beyond national boundaries
Foasso, Cyrille Ramunni Girolamo. "Histoire de la sûreté de l'énergie nucléaire civile en France (1945-2000) technique d'ingénieur, processus d'expertise, question de société /." Lyon : Université Lumière Lyon 2, 2003. http://demeter.univ-lyon2.fr:8080/sdx/theses/lyon2/2003/foasso_c.
Full textKpodekon, Yelome Edith Esther. "L’accompagnement technique des institutions de microfinance au Burkina Faso et au Sénégal." Thesis, Rennes 2, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018REN20047/document.
Full textNowadays, it is no longer just microfinance institutions to grant credit but to ensure that their activities contribute to the economic and social development of territories. Thus, to improve their total performance, microfinance institutions solicit structures that can support them in the process of identification and formulation of needs but also, for the implementation of concrete actions for their achievement. Several development organizations and service providers therefore offer technical support to microfinance institutions. This Thesis work aims to formalize the process of technical support for microfinance institutions by interviewing stakeholders. This approach allowed us to note that: support is always reinvented according to the context and the specific reality of each organization, no support is alike and good support is a participatory support that creates added value, a change, an evolution noted that must take into account all the issues, the implications of the request of the microfinance institution, be a tailored accompaniment
Riffaud, Laurent. "Enregistrement des procédures chirurgicales crâniennes et rachidiennes, et analyse des " workflows " pour l'étude du processus chirurgical." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00737144.
Full textGuthrie, Cameron. "La coexistence des médias de communication dans le processus de conception : un projet de recherche-action dans une entreprise industrielle." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010051.
Full textBoulanger, Jean-François. "Détection et poursuite dans des séquences d'images vidéo : développement d'une technique statistique rapide dans le cas de caméras fixes." Aix-Marseille 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009AIX30018.
Full textTechnical progress over the past years has widely favored the development of video surveillance systems. Detection and tracking algorithms have a major role in such applications. It is necessary in this context to respect the constraints of real time performance on standard computers whereas the computer data flow to be processed is dramatically increasing. We developed for fixed cameras statistical techniques of target detection and tracking based on the stochastic complexityI minimization principle. This approach allows one to realize a trade-off between the deviation of the pixel values to a background model and the similarity to a target model, both of which are learned during the video sequence. The combination of both of these characteristics within a single criterion allows one to keep a simple data modelization with Gaussian laws and to be able to fulfill the computation time constraints, thanks to the use of an integral imaging approach. As a result, the obtained computation time reaches approximately ten milliseconds for detecting the different targets in an image and a few milliseconds for tracking the detected targets (on color images with 320x240 pixels). We were thus able to show on different video sequences that the periodic use of a detection stage coupled with the tracking algorithm allows one to filter the false detections and to manage in a simple way several surveillance related events : background changes, target apparition or disappearance, occlusion
Ibrahim, Dalia. "Étude théorique d'indicateurs d'analyse technique." Thesis, Nice, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013NICE4008.
Full textThe aim of my thesis is to study mathematically an indicator widely used by the practitioners in the trading market, and designed to detect changes in the volatility term . The Bollinger Bands indicator belongs to the family of methods known as technical analysis which consist in looking t the past price movement in order to predict its future price movements independently of any mathematical model. We study the performance of this indicator in a universe that is governed by a stochastic differential equations (Black-Scholes) such that the volatility changes at an unknown and unobservable random time, for a practitioner seeking to maximize an objective function (for instance, the expected utility of the wealth at a certain maturity). Within the framework of the model, Bollinger indicator can be interpreted as an estimator of the time at which the volatility changes its value. We show that in the case of small volatilities, the density behavior of the indicator depends on the value of the volatility, which allows that for large ratio of volatility, to detect via the distribution estimation in which regime of volatility we are. Also , for the case of large volatilities, we show by an approach via the Laplace transform that the asymptotic tails behavior of the indictor depends on the volatility value. This allows to detect a change for large volatilities. Next, we compare two indicators designed to detect a volatility change: the Bollinger bands and the quadratic variation indicators. Finally, we study the optimal portfolio allocation which is described by a non-standard stochastic problem in view of that the admissible controls need to be adapted to the filtration generated by the prices. We resolve this control problem by an approach used by Pham and Jiao to separate the initial allocation problem into an allocation problem after the rupture and an problem before the rupture, and each one of these problems is resolved by the dynamic programming method. Also, a verification theorem is proved for this stochastic control problem
Langlais, Charlotte. "Etude et amélioration d'une technique de réception numérique itérative : turbo-égalisation." Rennes, INSA, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002ISAR0007.
Full textZaman, Uzair khaleeq uz. "Intégration Produit-Process appliquée à la sélection de procédés de Fabrication Additive." Thesis, Paris, ENSAM, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019ENAM0006/document.
Full textThe doctoral research focuses to build an integrated approach that can simultaneously handle the product and process parameters related to additive manufacturing (AM). Since, market dynamics of today are constantly evolving, drivers such as mass customization strategies, shorter product development cycles, a large pool of materials to choose from, abundant manufacturing processes, etc., have made it essential to choose the right compromise of materials, manufacturing processes and associated machines in early stages of design considering the Design for AM guidelines. As several criteria, material attributes and process functionality requirements are involved for decision making in the industries, the thesis introduces a generic decision methodology, based on multi-criteria decision-making tools, that can not only provide a set of compromised AM materials, processes and machines but will also act as a guideline for designers to achieve a strong foothold in the AM industry by providing practical solutions containing design oriented and feasible material-machine combinations from a database of 38 renowned AM vendors in the world today
Richefort, Lionel. "Processus de sélection des technologies d'irrigation par les agriculteurs : entre interactions sociales et choix rationnels." Phd thesis, Université de la Réunion, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00409012.
Full textLadry, Jean-François. "Une notation et un processus outillé pour le développement de systèmes interactifs multimodaux critiques." Toulouse 3, 2010. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/960/.
Full textThis thesis focuses on critical interactive systems and presents an approch to take into account synergistically reliability and usability. Indeed, in critical interactive systems, usability problems can reduce the performence of the operator, be a source of confusion and frustration and lead to errors. Similarly, reliability problems can cause failures in system operation. As shiwn by studies in the field, thesefailures and the causes of incidents or accidents. To increase the bandwidth between the user and the system, the innovation activities in the field of HCI provide new input-output systems and more sophisticated interaction techniques sush as multimodal interaction. Although a significant effort is being undertaken by the field of HCI to implement and extend current technique of usability evaluation for these new interaction technique, few research has been conducted to ensure the reliability of applications offering such interaction techniques. TThe iterative design process contributes to the usability of the system by successive validation of the prototypes with the operators but to the detriment of the reliability of the final system by the absence of comprehensive and structured design. Our approach is based on a formal notation and a development, process implementing this notation. Using a formal notation provides to the different actors in the design and development, a precise and unambiguous communication language, on which it is possible to apply methods and techniques for property verification. For the notation part, the work presented here is based on the ICO formalism that was existing before this thesis. The contribution of this work is a systematic approach to not only describe the advanced interaction techniques but also to respond to both problems of reliability and usability. .