Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Processus réactifs'
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Lesens, David. "Vérification et synthèse de systèmes réactifs." Phd thesis, Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00004954.
Full textSauge, Sébastien. "Physico-chimie des atomcules d’hélium antiprotonique : modélisation de processus réactifs en présence d’antimatière." Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000GRE10091.
Full textThomas, Vincent René Léon. "Proposition d'un formalisme pour la construction automatique d'interactions dans les systèmes multi-agents réactifs." Nancy 1, 2005. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2005_0126_THOMAS.pdf.
Full textThis PhD thesis focuses on two research fields : multi-agent systems which deal with systems constituted by autonomous interacting entities and Markov Decision Process (MDP) which formalizes decision problems. This Phd thesis deals with the automatic designing of multi-agent systems and proposes a new formalism for this purpose. This orginal formalism, interac-DEC-POMDP, is inspired by Hamelin an orginal simulation of biological collective behaviour and Decentralized Markov Decision Process. Its specificity lies in the capacity of the agents to interact locally among them. Our works shows that an algorithm based on reinforcement learning can build collective behaviour on the basis of these direct local interactions among agents. This computation is entierely decentralized and agents have never any global vision of the system
Nguyen, Phu Khanh. "Simulation des grandes échelles des écoulements turbulents inertes et réactifs en aval d’un élargissement brusque symétrique." Poitiers, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006POIT2295.
Full textThe present study is devoted to the simulation by Large Eddy Simulation (LES) approach of the inert and reacting flows developing behind a sudden symmetrical expansion and fed by two fully developed turbulent channel flows. The first objective of this study was to explore the possibilities offered by the resolution of stochastic differential equations (SDE) for imposing the unsteady boundary conditions, and to initialize a calculation by the LES technique. This method of generation of unsteady boundary conditions is then introduced into the numerical code for reacting flows using a Smagorinsky subgrid scale model as well as an Eddy Break Up combustion model. The results describe the structure of flow in three cases: (1) an inert flow, (2) the mixture of two inert flows and (3) a lean combustion. Results show that the application of the inflow conditions generated by the resolution of SDE allows a better representation of the velocity fluctuations similar to those of the real flows. Concerning the inert flows behind the sudden expansion, the dissymmetry observed in the experiment between the two recirculation zones is well represented. This dissymmetry is induced by the difference of velocities in the two entrance channels. The study of the mixture of two inert flows with two different temperatures leads to the characterization of the influence of inflow transverse temperature variation as well as the choice of the inflow conditions on the development of the mixing layer. In the case of the reactive flows, the mean flow developing downstream of the double step is symmetrical, but the lengths of the recirculation zones are smaller. The instantaneous fields show a weak flame front flapping in all of the considered reacting cases
Thomas, Vincent. "Proposition d'un formalisme pour la construction automatique d'interactions dans les systèmes multi-agents réactifs." Phd thesis, Université Henri Poincaré - Nancy I, 2005. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00011094.
Full textLes formalismes existants comme les DEC-POMDPs parviennent à représenter des problèmes multi-agents mais ne représentent pas au niveau individuel la notion d'interaction fondamentale dans les systèmes collectifs. Ceci induit une complexité algorithmique importante dans les algorithmes de résolution. Afin de donner aux agents la possibilité d'appréhender la présence d'autres agents et de structurer de manière implicite les systèmes multi-agents, cette thèse propose un formalisme original, l'interac-DEC-POMDP inspiré des DEC-POMDPs et d'Hamelin, une simulation développée au cours de cette thèse et issue d'expériences conduites en éthologie. La spécificité de ce formalisme réside dans la capacité offerte aux agents d'interagir directement et localement entre eux. Cette possibilité permet des prises de décision à un niveau intermédiaire entre des décisions globales impliquant l'ensemble des agents et des décisions purement individuelles.
Nous avons proposé en outre un algorithme décentralisé basé sur des techniques d'apprentissage par renforcement et une répartition heuristique des gains des agents au cours des interactions. Une démarche expérimentale nous a permis de valider sa capacité à produire pour des restriction du formalisme des comportements collectifs pertinents adaptatifs sans qu'aucun agent ne dispose d'une vue globale du système.
Zusatz, Bénédicte. "Contributions à la caractérisation en ligne de l'élaboration de mélanges de polymère réactifs dans une extrudeuse bivis." Université Louis Pasteur (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001STR13108.
Full textLevoin, Nicolas. "Métabolites réactifs des anti-inflammatoires non stéroi͏̈diens : bases structurales de leurs interactions avec les cibles protéiques impliquées dans les processus inflammatoires." Nancy 1, 2002. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/SCD_T_2002_0324_LEVOIN.pdf.
Full textKrati, Noureddine. "Activité estérolytique de 5(6)-N-Alkyl-2-Benzimidazolemethanethiols en présence de micelles cationiques, influence de l'hydrophobicité des réactifs, évolution du système au cours du temps." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991INPL121N.
Full textA general synthetic approach of 3,4-diaminophenylalcanes is decribed with their transformation into a2-benzimidazolemethanethiols series substitued in 5(6) position by an aliphatic chain containing 1 to 12 carbon atoms. The esterolytic activity of these new heterocyclic thiols towards hydrophobic p-nitrophenylalkanoates has been studied in the presence of cationic micelles (CTABr, STACI). Kinetic results evidence a dual behavior according to the state of ageing of the micellar medium : with a freshly prepared solution the kinetic process is fast while it becomes slow for a ready-to-use store solution. This duration increases with the thiol and surfactant alkyl chain lengh. The determination of the specific activity of the present nucleophilic species (pH dependence, modelling approach, optimized calculation) shows that the rapid process, at neutral pH, is the result of a cooperative effect of the non-ionic from the benzimidazolethiol. Moreover, a very strong acceleration is observed in that case with reference to a hydro-alcoholic medium. For the slow process, this effect is inhibited by a micellar aggregation
Blanc, Benjamin. "Prise en compte de principes architecturaux lors de la formalisation des besoins." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002DENS0034.
Full textAdami, Julien. "Etudes rhéocinétique et diélectrique de systèmes réactifs à base de polyester insaturé (résines UP) : application au suivi en temps réel du processus de polymérisation dans le procédé RTM." Lyon, INSA, 2004. http://theses.insa-lyon.fr/publication/2004ISAL0021/these.pdf.
Full textThe set of this work consists in operating experimental methodologies allowing to reach kinetic and rheological properties in real time during the process of resin transfer molding (RTM). Chemical reactions in this type of process are characterized by rather short times of gelation, of the order of some minutes. Resin UP made the object of numerous studies in the past, that is why in the first chapter, we shall review knowledge on these system. In a second time, it seemed to us sensible to begin our study with formulations of which response times are of the order of hour in isothermal condition, to finalize our experimental protocol. Finally in the third chapter, we shall confirm this protocol for representative formulations of those used in industry, with rather short times of gelation
Berthaut, Florent. "Construction, manipulation et visualisation de processus sonores dans des environnements virtuels immersifs pour la performance musicale." Phd thesis, Université Sciences et Technologies - Bordeaux I, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00573382.
Full textBeuvin, Maxime. "Dérivés benzéniques comme composants à deux électrons en cycloadditions : nouveaux processus désaromatisants." Rouen, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ROUES002.
Full textAromatic compounds are common and available in large quantities. The dearomatization process is one way to add molecular complexity to these easily accessible compounds. Our group has an interest in the development of new synthetic ways involving cycloaddition reactions to achieve the dearomatization process. It involves electron deficient aromatics as two pi electrons components in a [3+2] or a [4+2] cycloaddition. Our first goal was to use 1,3-dipolar cycloaddition to dearomatize cyanoaromatic derivatives. During this work we found out a new reactivity where the nitrile group undergoes a dipolar cycloaddition with an azomethine ylide. The cycloaddition process proved efficient with a panel of aromatic CN substituted substrates. This reactivity represents a new synthetic route to the imidazoline class of coumpounds and to imidazole derivatives by in situ oxidation of the crude mixture. We also studied the dearomatization of nitroaromatic compounds with a normal-electron demand Diels-Alder reaction using Danishefsky diene. High pressure activation was used to develop this methodology and to improve yields
Durang, Xavier. "Vieillissement dans les processus réaction-diffusion sans bilan détaillé." Thesis, Nancy 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011NAN10051/document.
Full textThe objective of the project, which title is "Ageing in reaction-diffusion processes without detailed balance", is to arrive at a better understanding of the physical behaviour of strongly interacting many-body systems. In particular, such systems can exhibit a collective behaviour with new qualities which are not present at the microscopic level. It is in this context that we focus on the ageing. As an answer, we could argue that the second law of the thermodynamics might be sufficient to justify the ageing. However, that law alone does not suffice if one wishes to understand more deeply the underlying processes responsible of these ageing phenomena. For this motive, we consider exactly solvable systems in order to obtain precise analytical results on very simple models which later on could help to form a correct physical intuition. A common type of this kind of system is particle-reaction models with reaction-diffusion dynamics. More precisely, we have studied intrinsically irreversible systems, whose dynamics does not satisfy detailed balance and which relax towards non-equilibrium stationary states. Indeed, while for systems that obey the detailed balance relations, the fluctuation-dissipation relationship is well known, that is no longer the case for more general systems. This thesis focuses on two different models; the first one is the bosonic contact process (and also the bosonic pair-contact process) with a long range transport of particules ("Lévy flights") and the second one is the coagulation-diffusion process. In both models, characteristic two-time observables such as the two-time correlations and responses are found exactly and their exact scaling forms are extracted, especially the values of the non-equilibrium exponents characterising ageing are found. Our results suggest a novel generalisation of the fluctuation-dissipation ratio whose applicability is tested in a large set of models. Its physical interpretation remains an open question for future research
Toyé, Marco. "Une approche intégrée de la conduite de production : vers l'atelier réactif." Lille 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LIL10167.
Full textWaeckel, Ludovic. "Rôle de la réaction inflammatoire dans le processus de néovascularisation." Paris 7, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA077005.
Full textUnder physiological or pathological conditions, post-ischemie neovascularization process is blunted. Thus, the comprehension of the mechanisms which control the post-ischemie neovascularization is a major stake for the development of new therapeutic strategies. We were interested in this work in the role of the inflammatory reaction in the process of neovascularization. We highlighted the role of the chemiokines in the recruitment of inflammatory cells and progenitor cells in ischemic territory. The chemiokines receptor CXCR3 is implicated in the recruitment of the leucocytes during hindlimb ischemia. Leukocytes infiltrate ischemic tissue and increase the neovascularization by secreting growth factors and degrading the extracellular matrix. Chemokines are also implicated in the bone marrow mononuclear cells (BMCs) recruitment in the ischemie tissue. During ischemia, the chemokine SDF-1 allows the BMCs to adhère on the activated endothelial cells inducing NO secretion, which is important for the neovascularization. We also were interested in the use of modulators of the inflammatory reaction in the case of therapeutic strategies. Thus, the use of a peptide named AcSDKP makes it possible to increase the inflammatory reaction and the post-ischémic neovascularization in mice. These results present, therefore, the inflammatory reaction and its actors as a potential therapeutic target which could be modulated for the development of treatments of the vascular occlusive diseases
Mohammed, Shireen Rashid. "Development of new radical processes : approaches toward the synthesis of Eucophylline." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0264/document.
Full textThe aim of this work was to develop new radical multi-component processes and their application in organic synthesis. Carbo-alkenylation processes were thus performed with new radical precursors, different olefins, in the presence of Z-diphenylsulfonylethylene as a terminal acceptor. Reaction conditions have also been optimized, including the diphenylsulfonylhydrazine as a radical initiator under U.V. irradiation, and substitute to the costly DTBHN. Tin-free conditions were also screened with the goal of replacing (Bu3Sn)2 with silyl radicals. Tris(trimethylsilyl)silylthiopropene was tested with success as a radical chain carrier. After this methodology studies, we developed a strategy toward the synthesis of Eucophylline, an alcaloid isolated from Leuconotis griffithii, which tetracyclic skeleton was elaborated based on a carbo-oximation of olefin. This multicomponent process, followed by a reduction of the oxime function and a lactamization offered a fast access to the bicyclo[3.3.1]lactam, a key-intermediate in the synthesis. A Friedländer-type reaction between this lactam and an ortho-aminobenzonitrile allowed an access to the Eucophylline tetrahydrobenzo[1,8]naphthyridine skeleton. The synthesis of the model compound was finally completed with the introduction of the vinylic substituent through a Heck coupling
Cotti, Julien. "Adaptation saccadique : motricité réactive et motricité volontaire." Aix-Marseille 2, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX22090.
Full textOcular saccades are the most frequently produced movements in everyday life. Whereas the reactive saccades are produced in reaction to the sudden appearance of an object in the visual field, the voluntary saccades are triggered internally between persistant objects of the environment. Saccadic adaptation, i. E. The sensorimotor process in charge of saccadic accuracy maintenance, is well documented for reactive saccades but remains poorly studied for voluntary saccades. The aim of the present work was to identify between the stages of sensorimotor transformation allowing the transformation of visual information into motor commands the level at which adaptative modifications occur for reactive and voluntary saccades
Heudron-Jourdan, Hélène. "Doubles réactions de Petasis : Nouveaux processus tandem séquentiel et cascade en solution et sur phase solide." Rouen, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ROUES010.
Full textThis work focuses on the development of new methodologies which consists in performing one-pot double Petasis reactions. This reaction is a multi-component process (M-CR) of high exploratory power that yields diversified amines from amines, carbonyl compounds and organoboron derivatives. Firstly, double Petasis tandem were processes were sequentially carried out with boronic acids. Complex molecules featuring 5 sites of diversity were synthesized with good yields and good diastereometric excesses, thanks to the use of HFIP as cosolvent. Depending on the carbonyl substrate, a,a’-aminodiesters or polysubstituted morpholinones were obtained, after esterification. Secondly, the reactions were developed as cascade processes. To achieve this, boronic esters were considered and used. The development of 3 new efficient protocols (methanol or HFIP at room temperature or under microwaves irradiations) broadened the use of these species in general Petasis reactions. Chiral boronates yielded no significant improvement of diasteroselectivity. The cascade process or 5-CR was then carried out by introducing both boronic acid and ester. Mixtures of products were obtained, the result of a competitive transboroesterification process. A study on boronate reactivity pointed the finger at boronic acids, formed in situ by hydrolysis of esters, as the reacting species. Finally, the methodology developed in the first part was transfered to solid phase chemistry with the goal of producing libraries with the help of automated synthesizers. Conditions allowing either the mono or the double Petasis product from aminated Wang’s resins were optimized, but the final products were isolated in low yields
Besse, Adrien. "Réactions dures exclusives au twist sous-dominant." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2013. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00855281.
Full textGalanti, Marta. "Processus de diffusion et réaction dans des milieux complexes et encombrés." Thesis, Orléans, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016ORLE2004/document.
Full textThe overall purpose of this thesis is to analyze diffusion processes and diffusion-reaction processes in different types of non-ideal conditions, and to identify to which extent these non-ideal conditions influence the mobility of particles and the rate of the reactions occurring between molecules. In the first part of the thesis we concentrate on the effects of macromolecular crowding on the mobility of the agents, providing therefore a description of various diffusion processes in densely populated media. All the processes are analyzed by modeling the dynamics of the single agents as microscopic stochastic processes that keep track of the macromolecular crowding. The second part of the thesis aims at characterizing the role of the environment’s geometry (obstacles, compartmentalization) and distributed reactivity (competitive reactants, traps) on the reaction between selected molecules. The Smoluchowski theory for diffusion influenced reactions is thus adapted to domains arbitrarily decorated with obstacles and reactive boundaries, and the stationary diffusion equation is explicitly solved through harmonic-based techniques. The explicit calculation of the reaction rate constant and the derivation of simple approximated formulas are used for investigating nano-technological applications and naturally occurring reactions
Kindela, Fadjay B. "Processus de substitution de ligands : réactions des tétracarbonylhydruroferrates avec les phosphanes." Toulouse 3, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991TOU30254.
Full textBoffelli, Jeoffrey. "Cοllisiοns réactives entre électrοns et catiοns d'hydrures : apprοches théοriques et applicatiοns dans les milieux iοnisés hοrs-équilibre." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Normandie, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024NORMLH19.
Full textElectron-impact collisions of molecules are present in cold ionized media such as interstellar clouds, planetary atmospheres and cold plasma. With enough energy to move about and escape from capture, electrons collide and react with other species in their environment forming precursors of more complex molecules and destroying species, allowing for redistribution of energy and material. Experimental and theoretical researchers are working hand-in-hand to continuously improve their respective ability to probe and to describe the kinetic of such media. Experimental devices such as storage-rings (e.g. CSR) are now able to produce measurements with state-to-state resolution. On the other hand, theoretical studies are not restricted by physical (e.g. finance) or chemical (e.g. toxicity) limitations while still being time-consuming. This work is about two theoretical approaches and their applications to investigate different processes for three diatomic molecular cations. Firstly, we extend our group previous dissociative recombination study of SH+ by accounting for more dissociative states (coming from the 4Π neutral symmetry), by producing branching ratios and by calculating vibrational excitation cross sections and rate coefficients (using the SW-MQDT approach). While the rotational structure of the molecule is neglected and should be investigated in a future work, good agreement is found with the storage-ring measurements for the yields from the dissociative recombination process. Secondly, we also extend our group previous low energy study BeH+ to high energy including the dissociative excitation process through discretized ionization continua and by accounting for higher-lying dissociative states, allowing the production of cross sections and rate coefficients for the dissociative recombination, dissociative excitation and vibrational transitions (using the SW-MQDT approach). Finally, we investigate the dissociative recombination of CF+ using a different approach called RMT-MQDT, where electronic couplings and neutral dissociative states do not need to be explicitly calculated, based on R-matrix theory to calculate the electronic fixed-geometry scattering matrix and based also on MQDT theory --- for the treatment of the nuclear motion (frame transformation) and accounting for the Rydberg series of states (quantum defect with CCEP). Good agreement is found with the storage-ring experiment when accounting for the rotational structure of the molecule
Khalil, Tony. "Modélisation du transport réactif en milieux poreux saturé : étude des processus chimio-hydro-mécaniques." Ecole centrale de Nantes, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011ECDN0056.
Full textSoil and urban basement may be affected by various pollutants. Indeed, their mobility is governed by different physical and chemical processes of transport and retention / release. The retention tends to reduce the spread of the particles while the release accelerates the transport of particles. Thus, it is necessary to understand the mechanisms of pollutants transport in the soil and to predict the long-term migration. First, we will describe a model of transport and flow in porous and saturated media which is based on PDEs. In addition, these equations refer to the mass transport in saturated and porous medium which is governed generally by the classical convection-dispersion-diffusion equation. Briefly, the equations of flow and transport with effects of viscosity and density are implemented in the codes of differences and finite elements using the software Diffpack. Then, we propose to couple the transport model with internal erosion. Thus, we proposed a mathematical model of internal erosion and we validated it by experimental tests. Similarly, we have shown that erosion has a direct influence on particle transport. This led us to define a coupling between the transport, erosion and pollutants. In addition, the developed model is based on reactive transport that attempts to simulate the process of flow-transportation, physical and chemical reactions. Finally, we attempt to model the effect of the transport of eroded particles on deformable media, with respect to the role of the deformation of the ground
Aboulkacem, El Khater. "Nationalisme et construction culturelle de la nation au Maroc : Processus et réactions." Paris, EHESS, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005EHES0252.
Full textThis thesis is an attempt to contribute to the examination of the process of constructing the nation and the emergence of the currents of anti-establishment activity in this country. The first part gives a rough outline of the social and cultural landscape of the pre-colonial empire in order to understand how a social class were going to be able to invest in the nationalist project. The second part concerns the move from an empire to a nationalist-type State. The judicial modalities, a product of the contact between the Empire and the European powers and of the starting-up of the Protectorat, have been described in order to understand how the changes that had been brought about had created a context favourable to the emergence of the idea of "the nation". Furthermore, the development of this idea and the context for the realisation of nationalism have been apprehended to understand why and how the legitimate producers of nationalist discourse were persuaded to adopt "Arab" nationality. The third part analyses the conditions in which the development process of the nation's cultural landscape began, its limits and the reactions to which it is giving rise at the present time with the emergence of the two anti-establishment movements, islamist and Amazigh (Berber)
Assowe, Dabar Omar. "Etude des processus de corrosion du nickel par dynamique moléculaire avec un potentiel réactif ReaxFF." Phd thesis, Université de Bourgogne, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00867048.
Full textCanet, Léonie. "Processus de réaction-diffusion : une approche par le groupe de renormalisation non perturbatif." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Diderot - Paris VII, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006919.
Full textBESNARD, Katia. "Modélisation du transport réactif dans les milieux poreux hétérogènes. Application aux processus d'adsorption cinétique non linéaire." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2003. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006040.
Full textBesnard, Katia. "Modélisation du transport réactif dans les milieux poreux hétérogènes. Application aux processus d'adsorption cinétique non linéaire." Rennes 1, 2003. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00006040.
Full textAlbouy, Jeanne. "Efficacité des campagnes humanitaires choc : contribution des réactions affectives au processus de persuasion publicitaire." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011TOU10055.
Full textThis research focuses on efficiency of shocking charities’ campaigns, which appeal to emotions by deliberately emphasizing the suffering generated from a humanitarian plague. The interest of highly emotional appeals in social communication was hardly debated. However, studies didn’t provide coherent results. Moreover, the cognitive-affective approaches divide and the specificities of charitable context highlight the need to understand responsiveness to such campaigns. A theoretical framework of persuasion process is suggested and tested. An experimentation carried out on 1200 participants finally advocates a paradigmatic revitalization of social persuasion process, since it has been dominated by cognitive considerations. Results show that affective responses elicited by charity’s campaign dominate cognitive antecedents of the decision to help in explaining message’s efficiency. Furthermore, an affect-based route of persuasion, unmediated by deliberate thoughts and message processing, is identified. Our results underline the adaptive role of negative emotions with regard to prosocial issues
Visart, de Bocarmé Thierry. "Structure et processus dynamiques au cours de la réaction H2+O2 sur le rhodium." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211447.
Full textPoittevin, Clément. "Réactions de carboalcénylation d'ène-carbamates et d'énamides : recherche de nouveaux processus radicalaires sans étain." Thesis, Bordeaux, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014BORD0037/document.
Full textMulticomponent radical reactions have high synthetic efficiency and are in line with "green"chemistry concepts. This manuscript focuses on three topics: the study of the radical carboalkenylation reactions on electrons-rich olefins, the further elaboration of the structures directed towards the synthesis of complex cyclic or polycyclic molecules, and finally the development of newtin-free radical mediators.In the first part, based on previous work from our laboratory, the radical carbo-alkenylation reaction was successfully extended to enamides and ene-carbamates. This study demonstrated the high reactivity of these olefins towards electrophilic radical species and also the major driving force which constitutes the formation of the intermediate amidoyl radical. Amongst all enamides and enecarbamates tested, only the cyclic compounds led to a good diastereocontrol in the favor of transproducts.In a second part, the structures obtained in the carbo-alkenylation reaction were further elaborated through the development of radical and ionic cyclization processes. Activation via enamines allowed the diastereoselective formation of aza-decalin backbones, presents in the lycopodium alkaloid family. A totally diastereoselective double 5-exo-trig/6-exo-trig cyclization process was also achieved,generating various substituted tri- and tetracyclic compounds present in other classes of alkaloids. Finally, the development of new non-reductive free-radical silylated mediators as ditin surrogates was achieved. The research focused on various disilanes, thiosilanes, borosilanes and borothiosilanes,precursors of silyl radicals sustaining the radical chain. These mediators were tested in directvinylation reactions of alkyl bromides or in three components carbo-alkenylation processes. Forthiosilanes and borosilanes encouraging and promising results were obtained
Baratou, Paul. "Gestion réactive de stocks intermédiaires d'un flux de production automobile." Lille 1, 1998. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/1998/50376-1998-379.pdf.
Full textGharbi, Hassen. "Planification réactive et robuste au sein d'une chaîne logistique." Phd thesis, INSA de Toulouse, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782594.
Full textCros, Fanny. "Application des processus de métathèse à la synthèse de produits naturels marins." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO10103.
Full textThe metathesis realized an important development during the last few years and the Nobelprize given to the chemists Yves Chauvin, Robert H. Grubbs et Richard R. Schrock came toreward this work. This reaction has been involved for the synthesis of natural molecules of marine origin. Thiocyanatines A and B, isolated in 2001, have been so prepared by using the reaction of cross metathesis. This is the first example of metathesis with the presence ofthiocyanates groups. Moreover, these two syntheses are using the microwave technology. Largazole, isolated in 2008, is a very important synthetic target because of its anticancerous activity. This manuscript is explaining the synthesis of one part of this molecule but it also provides a methodological study for the formation of thiazoles motives by microwave. Then,Rugulactone, isolated in 2009, has been prepared with a tandem strategy of ring clossing metathesis / cross metathesis and this one has been applied to the synthetis of analogues
Berrah, Lamia. "Une approche d'évaluation de la performance industrielle : modèle d'indicateurs et techniques floues pour un pilotage réactif." Grenoble INPG, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997INPG0099.
Full textBallanger, Bénédicte. "L'akinésie du patient parkinsonien : un modèle d'étude des processus d'initiation du mouvement." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT2361.
Full textLe, Floch Camille. "Nouvelle méthodologie de synthèse de γ-butyrolactones par une réaction domino métallo-catalysée entre dérivés halogénés, composés carbonylés, et accepteurs de Michael." Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST1098/document.
Full textThe γ-butyrolactone scaffold is a widespread naturally occurring motif, present in numerous compounds possessing biological activities. In this context, paraconic acids (bearing a carboxylic acid function at the position β to the carbonyl), constitute an important group of γ-butyrolactones that both display antitumor and antibiotic activities, but also represent relevant building blocks for the synthesis of diverse pharmacologically active compounds. However, the multicomponent synthesis of γ-butyrolactones has been only scarcely reported so far. Considering the selective reactivity of organozinc reagents, it was assumed that a range of 2,3-polysubstituted paraconic acids should be synthesized from an organozinc reagent, a carbonyl compound and a Michael acceptor through a metallo-catalyzed domino reaction involving the formation of three single bonds. This reaction allowed for the access to a wide range of 2,3-polysubstituted paraconic acids characterized by an unprecedented functionalized benzyl side chain in position β of the carbonyl. A study devoted to the elucidation of the mechanism of this reaction was carried out. The in vitro antitumor activity of a representative set of these compounds has been evaluated against various cancer cell lines (KB, HCT116, MCF7, HL60). These tests permitted to highlight a lead molecule, which was submitted to additional tests (PC3, SK-OV3, MCF7R, HL60R, MRC5, EPC, mechanism of action). IC50 between 0.6 and 6 µM have been measured for this compound. An extension of the reaction to ortho-bisubstituted compounds allowed for the domino diastereoselective synthesis of a range of ortho-condensed tricyclic lactones with good yields. Those compounds exhibit the tricyclic ABC pattern of strigolactones, hormones playing a fundamental role in the germination process of plants
Perrut, Anne. "Systèmes de particules : un processus de réaction-diffusion à deux espèces et un modèle non gradient." Rouen, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998ROUES074.
Full textOuellet, Denise. "Le traitement des réactions contretransférentielles en fonction de l'utillisation clinique." Thèse, Université de Sherbrooke, 2010. http://savoirs.usherbrooke.ca/handle/11143/2824.
Full textKlein, François. "Contrôle d'un Système Multi-Agents Réactif par Modélisation et Apprentissage de sa Dynamique Globale." Phd thesis, Université Nancy II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00432354.
Full textLe, Goff Ronan. "Utilisation de réactions tandem et domino pour l'accès rapide à des hétérocycles azotés." Thesis, Le Havre, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LEHA0014/document.
Full textN-heterocycle scaffolds are found in many synthetic and medicinal chemical compounds explaining the high interest for developing efficient synthetic methodologies to reach such structures. In that field, our group has developed over the years innovative routes to y-lactams and bicyclic γ- and δ-lactams using tandem and domino reactions. Based on those previous works, we have developed two new methods to synthesize N-heterocycles. A tandem aza-MIRC (Michael Induced Ring Closure) sequence have been investigated to access pyrrolidines whereas the bicyclique scaffold of bislactames have been obtained using a domino oxa-Michael/aza-MIRC pathway. These two new methods have been then applied to the syntheses of more complexes and thus challenging backbones. The aza-MIRC tandem process have been used for the total and formal synthesis of alkaloids Coerulescine and Martinelline, respectively, whereas the domino oxa-Michael/aza-MIRC sequence has proved to be a powerful tool for stereoselective access to enantioenriched spirooxindolic compounds. DFT calculations studies have allowed elucidation of the diastereoselectivity and double chirality transfer of the domino reaction therefore could be used in the future to develop efficient total syntheses
Bressy, Cyril. "Réactions tandem métathèse et processus radicalaires : application à la synthèse de lactones et de lactames d'importance biologique." Lyon 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004LYO10002.
Full textNoireau, Marie Charlotte. "Apprentissage de séquences dans les paradigmes de Hebb et de temps de réaction sériel : un processus similaire?" Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27982.
Full textRobert, Sylvie. "Contribution à l'étude de l'autooxydation et du processus de brunissement de la moutarde de Dijon." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1991. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1991_ROBERT_S.pdf.
Full textSalaün, Philippe. "Conduite auto-adaptative de réactions discontinues en vue de l'optimisation de la qualité des produits." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994INPL144N.
Full textLaborde, Christian. "Étude du processus d'influence du parrainage sportif : une analyse des réactions cognitives et affectives dans une approche dynamique." Toulouse 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000TOU10040.
Full textDe, Paiva José Fernando. "Etude de l'électroréduction de l'acétone en milieu aqueux : distribution des produits de réaction et optimisation du processus d'électrodimérisation." Poitiers, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995POIT2264.
Full textCouasnon, Thais. "Rôle des espèces réactives de l'oxygène et substances exopolymeriques des bactéries dans le processus de biominéralisation du manganèse." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC038.
Full textThe aim of this PhD work was to determine what are the local physico-chemical factors that trigger the precipitation of manganese in biofilms using three mutants of Escherichia coli MG1655 and two of E. coli 1094 that produce different types of EPS. This work has shown that E. coli MG1655 is able to oxidize MnII by a yet unknown mechanism. We propose that this process is driven by superoxide anions produced by the bacteria and released in the biofilm porosity. We have shown that the strains of E. coli studied here produced superoxide anions and that globally biofilms were scavenging these reactive oxygen species. More specifically, we propose that in the biofilm porosity, superoxyde is produced by bacteria in their log phase, and scavenged in their late stationary phase. In a biofilm form, superoxides are also locally sequestrated in the porosity providing microen- vironments with distinct superoxide concentrations. The oxidative activity is enhanced under light exposure, confirming the role of ROS in the mechanism. Spatial distribution of the formed oxidized Mn-rich nanoparticles is dependent on the exopolymer secreted and therefore suggests that the location of mineralization is governed by the nature of EPS. Such results are further confirmed using in situ experiments by transmission electron mi- croscopy in a liquid cell highlighting the role of the density of charged functionalized sites on mineral localization, morphology and formation kinetics. These latter results bring new perspectives towards the identification of transient species that can direct mineralization on organic polymers and cell surface
Boyer, Pierre-Yves. "Quand les résistants deviennent des parties prenantes : une approche des réactions de défense de l'identité comme processus d'apprentissage." Thesis, La Réunion, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LARE0026/document.
Full textOur thesis aims to demonstrate that resistant individuals can be integrated as real stakeholders of the organizational learning process. This integration is possible when the consequences of their identity defense mechanisms for the organization are taken into account. To achieve this goal, our qualitative study follows a semi-grounded theory approach. This approach combines a preliminary theoretical framework and inductive empirical data to elaborate a model showing some positive contributions of resistance. Our research first addresses change through its impact on organizational identity (Corley & Gioia, 2004). Then, it considers how resisting activities can achieve significant organizational change (Courpasson et al., 2012). Finally, it develops a cognitive approach of change that brings us to consider resisting behaviors for their participation in the diversity of points of view inside the organization. Based on logbook extractions, 42 semi-directive interviews and a documentary analysis, our data provide a better understanding of how change takes root in the organization and how resistant individuals participate in this process. Thus, this inductive study results in a two-level model. The first level shows radical organizational change as a three-steps process: initiation, accentuation and rooting. In particular, we focus on organizational identity, its dissonances with alternative identity-related logics and the employees’ implication in the adjustment of change. This process results in the emergence of individual and organizational learning associated to a cognitive governance. The second level details the roles of the resistant individuals in this process. It shows that they can be real stakeholders of the key stages of change. In so doing, they allow the company to evolve towards the ideal of learning organization. We also propose a typology of resistant individuals (Forgotten, Followers, Emergent, New rebels), which allows us to develop some positive implications of resistance
Lanza, Mathieu. "Collisions inélastiques et réactives pour les milieux astrophysiques et pour les plasmas froids : théorie et modélisation." Thesis, Le Havre, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LEHA0008/document.
Full textThe determination of the physical conditions in energetic media such as interstellar molecular clouds and cold plasmas (temperature, gas density, molecular abundance) requires the knowlegde of collisional rate coefficients of molecules in collisions with the dominant species which are e, H, He and H2. In this context, quantum chemistry calculations and collisional dynamics were performed for HCl in collision with He and H2 and the electron-ion collisions for BeH+ (and its isotopes) and H2+ were studied. The consequences of these calculations on the energetic media are presented