Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Processus de changement institutionnel'
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Battilana, Julie. "L'entrepreneuriat institutionnel : le rôle des individus dans les processus de changement institutionnel." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00131853.
Stéclebout, Eloïse. "La formation des politiques économiques européennes : hétérogénéité, changement institutionnel, processus décisionnels." Paris, EHESS, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004EHES0013.
The recent developments in European integration have brought about new theoretical issues for economic policy-making analysis. According to what processes can member states come to collective decisions while they are heterogeneous in many respects, and play within a still partly unset institutional framework? A common approach focusing on the interactions between institutional change, factors of increase or reduction in heterogeneity, and the evolution of strategies and decision-making rules, is applied to four fields that the economic literature usually separates into sector studies: regional policy, monetary policy, fiscal policy, and policy mix. The general grid of analysis reveals a variety of sources of conflicts and of institutional and decision-making solutions. The dual relation between information and power, as well as the importance of learning effects in decision-making processes, are also put to the fore
Battilana, Julie. "L' entrepreneuriat individuel : le rôle des individus dans les processus de changement institutionnel." Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006DENS0011.
The study examines the yole of individuals in institutional change. It investigates how individuals are enabled to act as institutional entrepreneurs despite institutional pressures. 1 develop a model that highlights the impact of individuals' social position on their likelihood to act as institutional entrepreneurs. 1 test this model with data from 93 change projects that were conducted by 93 clinical managers from the National Health Service in the U. K between 2002 and 2004. The findings suggest that individuals' social position is an important enabling condition for institutional entrepreneurship
Bouteraa, Fatiha. "Comportements stratégiques et changements institutionnels lors du processus initial d'accréditation internationale AACSB (2003) : le cas d'une Business School universitaire française : l'EM Strasbourg." Thesis, Strasbourg, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017STRAB009.
This research aims to understand: 1) the mechanisms of diffusion, adoption and institutionalization of international accreditations, 2) the strategic behaviors adopted to respond to the initial AACSB accreditation process, 3) the strategic and organizational responses to the conflictual demands originated by the 21 AACSB 2003 standards and 4) the changes occurred in order to ensure the organizations’ alignment to the 21 AACSB 2003 standards and to the required process.Based on a neo-institutional perspective, we used two conceptual frameworks about strategic responses and institutional change. In order to comply with our objectives, we have conducted a 15-year longitudinal case study both retrospectively and in real time within the only French business school operating inside a university. The principal result of the research is the identification of a 6th new strategic response for Oliver’s (1991) framework as well as three tactics to be adopted in the initial AACSB accreditation process
Majidi, Moulay errachid. "De l'impact de la démocratie et des dictatures sur le processus de développement économique : une analyse historique et institutionnelle." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32002.
At the intersection of three branches of economic science, namely, development economics, the new institutional economics and economic history, this dissertation re-examines a problem which is still surrounded by confusion and controversy in spite of the abundant literature which has been devoted to it: the impact of the nature of a political regime on the process of economic development. In this perspective, we shall deal with it in a dynamic and global manner. We will thus overview several historical sequences in order to study the political and economic paths of nations with the hope of isolating points of convergence and divergence that link them. Our endeavour does not consist in establishing correlations that may exist between the nature of a political regime and the rate of economic growth, but rather in identifying the causal links between the characteristics of a democracy or a dictatorship and the economic development of a country. Through the analysis of this relationship over a long span of time, we shall highlight the significant changes that it can undergo, but also the mutual influences that political and economic evolution can entertain. We shall thus analyse the role that the political structure can have on the poverty and the wealth of nations. First, we shall analyse the process of economic development in Western Europe by pointing out how this process reacted to the advent of absolutist monarchies and to the emergence of freer political regimes. We shall then analyse the role of predatory dictatorships in the persistence of underdevelopment in countries of the Third World. The comparison of the impact of democracy and authoritarian-developmentalist regimes on the process of economic development will lead us in a first step to the theoretical analysis of the positive and negative impacts of these two regimes in the short and the medium term, and then in the long term. It will then be left to us to analyse the political-economic historical paths of Chile, South Korea and China so as to subject our theoretical analysis to the test of empirical cas
Réglé, Hélène. "Rétablissement, texture psychique et plasticité institutionnelle : approche interdisciplinaire des processus de changement." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019USPCC051.
This work is an interdisciplinary clinical research, at the crossroads of psychoanalysis and the physical sciences. It investigates the "recovery" in psychosis, described by people who have gone through this ordeal as a subjective, non-linear and irreversible transformation, where the disease, always present, is no longer central in a life now supported by other areas of interest. The interdis-ciplinary approach made it possible to step aside to grasp what could be the main lines of such a transformation and to trace its conditions of possibility. The identification of the internal and external factors involved in natural transformation processes led us, by analogy, to specify the individual and above all the environmental factors most likely to favor the recovery process. Starting from the notion of "plasticity", we have first proposed to add to the notion of psychic structure the physical notion of "texture", which characterizes a "relationship to the world" in the actual, and which is singular and evolutive, in the manner of a text that is updated in a lively manner according to encounters with the real world. The textural transformation of recovery, considered as the transition from one existential position to another, can then be described as a non-linear process of germination of a novelty in a "metastable" environment where disturbances are introduced. This individual transformation modifying the very environment that allowed its occurrence, we introduce the notion of "institutional plasticity" to describe the quality of an institution that would be able to support this psychic movement. This quality of the place to be affected by those who cross it, is illustrated by two examples of contrasting institutions, one working according to the « institutional psychotherapy » approach and the second according to a more traditional approach
Bainville, Sébastien. "Le développement de l'agriculture familiale: processus d'interactions entre changements techniques et changements institutionnels. Un " cas d'école " : la commune de Silvânia-Brésil." Phd thesis, Ecole nationale superieure agronomique de montpellier - AGRO M, 2000. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00684462.
Hobeika, Graziella. "Analyse multiniveaux des trajectoires de changement associées aux démarches d'e-gouvernement : étude de cas de deux ministères au Liban." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 10, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023PA100146.
Our research focuses on analyzing the transformational impact of e-government at two ministries in Lebanon.The literature on e-government, particularly in the context of developing countries, is limited. Furthermore, the transformational impact of e-government has not been empirically explored, giving rise to ongoing debates between optimistic and pessimistic views of the phenomenon. This calls for the mobilization of a holistic perspective to better capture the complexity of e-government and to deepen the understanding of the changes it could trigger.We sought to examine the evolution of change trajectories, driven by e-government initiatives, within the ministry of Finance and the ministry of Public Health in Lebanon over the 1992-2010 period, which is emblematic of the modernization of the Lebanese public sector through IS.We have developed a conceptual framework that combines the neo-institutional theory with the IT-enabled organizational transformation theoretical perspective, which enabled an integral reading of the change unfolding at macro, meso and micro levels at the two ministries.Our results show different trajectories of change. Within the same institutional context, the e-government initiatives deployed at the two ministries, drive, in one case, a trajectory of profound change and a real transformational impact, while in the other, they generate a trajectory of superficial change and a limited transformational impact. These two trajectories of change highlight a tangle of internal and external factors which largely affect the transformational impact of e-government
Benabid, Mohamed. "Pratiques de consommation et processus de changement organisationnel : cas du marché de l'information en ligne." Thesis, Paris 8, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PA080044.
The literature on change does not adequately capture the influence of micro-organizational determinants such as consumption practices. By mobilizing two theoretical frameworks, the neo-institutional theory (NIT) and technology acceptance model, and relying on the online information market in Morocco, our thesis aims to better take into account this perspective. Our research is comprehensive and explanatory and uses a mixed qualitative-quantitative methodology through a pragmatic epistemological positioning. Our results show that consumer-driven change in online information is not motivated by an institutional agenda or, to put it another way, by shifting the course of events. It seems to be only a collateral effect of his activities. Our research also highlights the institutional status of consumer practices, which are driven by regulatory, normative and cognitive institutional pillars. While the cognitive pillar of free information provides organizational opportunities for change in the context of the electronic press, it continues to challenge the issue of monetization. The results of our quantitative analysis also suggest the existence of significant relationships between the intention to purchase online news and cognitive constructs: the free mentality, perceived fairness, perceived credibility. We show that monetization is a question of both technical and psychosocial factors that continue to be a barrier to the challenges of the economic model
Usmanov, Sardor. "Stabilité et changement des conceptions stratégiques de Tony Blair sur le processus de paix au Moyen Orient : la mutation institutionnelle du Premier ministre en Représentant du Quartet." Phd thesis, Université Montesquieu - Bordeaux IV, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00591755.
Hassan, Houssein Souraya. "Institutions, organisations, et changement institutionnel : le cas de Djibouti." Amiens, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004AMIE0052.
Zouaoui, Hassan. "Changement institutionnel et transition politique : la démocratisation au Maroc." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010302.
Mouici, Belaid. "Le Processus institutionnel et l'édification de l'Etat algérien." Lille 3 : ANRT, 1986. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb375949909.
Senaux, Benoît. "Gouvernance, identité et changement institutionnel : le cas du football professionnel." Paris 10, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA100055.
Professional football clubs exhibit characteristics similar of many organisations, only in a more pronounced way. Through their study, this thesis aims to offer an original perspective on issues of corporate governance and organisational identity in a changing institutional environment. Part I analyses the dynamics of clubs' governance and emphasises the importance of urgency, which is accentuated by the strong media coverage of the field. It also underlines the existence of identity-related claims that are caused by a change of institutional logic. Part II shows how some actors made this change possible by actively redefining the boundary of their field both through discourse and the setting up of proto-institutions. Finally, Part III highlights how management tools and a reinterpretation of past failures have allowed organisational identity to adapt to this new logic. It also insists on the importance of 'sameness' which constitutes the core layers of identity
Arjaliès, Diane-Laure. "Les mécanismes du changement institutionnel - Le cas de l'Investissement Socialement Responsable." Phd thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00497342.
Françon, Baptiste. "Economie politique des réformes de l'indémnisation du chômage : le cas des lois Hartz (2003-2005)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010043.
This dissertation relates to the political economy literature that analyses the recent trend in unemployment compensation reforms in Europe. Organized around three essays, the dissertation deals in particular with the conditions of emergence of the Hartz Laws. These reforms, implemented from 2003 to 2005 in Germany, notably led to a significant decrease in benefits generosity. ln Chapter 1, an empirical analysis identifies the socio-economic determinants of individual support for the reforms. It tests in particular the assumption un der which such reforms are motivated by a conflict between insiders and outsiders. The results show that it is on contrary the occupation and not the job contract that structures the support for the reforms. Chapter Il provides a theoretical model where agents vote on both the overallievel of generosity of unemployment insu rance and the graduai decrease of benefits. The model predicts that the political determination of these parameters depends on the heterogeneity of unemployment risks within the population. These predictions are empirically validated on a panel of 24 countries. Chapter III discusses the impact of the Hartz laws on employment. comparison with France shows that these reforms had no significant effect on aggregate employment, while they fostered the use of part-time. A micro econometric evaluation of the impact of the cuts in compensation durations shows that they have not accelerated the retum to employment. They mainl reduced incentives to use unemployment insurance as an early retirement scheme
Bainville, Sébastien. "Le developpement de l'agriculture familiale : processus d'interactions entre changements techniques et changements institutionnels. un cas d'ecole : la commune de silvania-bresil." Montpellier, ENSA, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000ENSA0001.
Vandangeon-Derumez, Isabelle. "La dynamique des processus de changement." Paris 9, 1998. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=1998PA090029.
The understanding of rules governing change in organisation has recently emerged as a central theme of the management literature. Structured around two main questions why do organisations change ? And how do they change ? - previous research reveal some limits when trying to stress on change processes regularities. In this research, we propose to consider change dynamic with a new approach, not used until now to explain, understand and model change ; sequences of events. This approach is pursued along a more traditional one which aims to discover change processes development steps. Our research objectives serve the following questions : - are events clearly ordered in a change process and, is this order common to different change situations ? - what are the change actions logics explaining succession of events ? To answer these questions, we have conducted four cases analysis. These cases describe the organisations' historical evolutions from the moment of the decision to change to the time of the establishment of a new management framework. Results show two change logics. The first one, named type a change or prescribed change, is characterised by : - a clear vision of the future that allows formulation of desirable state. The gap between this desirable state and actual organisation sets the changes to be engaged to reach the vision ; - key actors making decisions and formulating objectives imposed to the rest of the organisation. Thus, they create actions logic inducing other actors behaviour. Development and implantation of the new vision in the organisation result from an induced process of + retention ;,+ selection ; and + variation ;. The second change actions logic, named type b change or constructed change, is characterised by : - an unclear vision of the future, expressing the intention to let opened change bounds. Change project is based on the process to follow and the aimed behaviour to change effectively ; - a large freedom of actions to favour autonomous behaviour in order to enrich progressively the formalization of the new organisational state. Development and implantation of the new organisation result from an autonomous process of + variation ;,+ selection ; and + retention ;. Theses two change logics can added to each other within the same change process
Gambarelli, François. "L'entrepreneuriat institutionnel collectif : action collective organisée en faveur d'un changement institutionnel : le cas de l'Espace partagé de santé publique, Nice." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1099.
In complex fields, change requires cooperation from numerous dispersed actors with divergent interests. Guided by reference works and articles, we draw on complementary insights from institutional and plural leadership in team theories to enrich the emerging notion of Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship. In this sense, this work focuses on the micro mechanisms by which actors engage collectively in entrepreneurial actions and highlights the structural and organized character involving the action of many individuals acting under the same entity: the "Collective". Our research is based on a case study called the "Espace Partagé de Santé Publique", which has been established in 2005 to favor social innovations targeting disabled individuals. Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship takes many forms varying from the institutional work in witch actors are involved. It shows how collective institutional entrepreneurship relies on shared competencies and on the sharing of multiple resources derived from a diversity of actors working in a collaborative effort. This case study shows how experiments such as EPSP are conducive to the emergence of Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship involved in the design and implementation of a social innovation. The platform provides a large set of various resources, and institutional entrepreneurs can use its to establish a social innovation project. Regarding the structure and dynamics of Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship, the main results of this study invite future investigations to consider the richness of collective dynamics to apprehend complex institutional changes
Gambarelli, François. "L'entrepreneuriat institutionnel collectif : action collective organisée en faveur d'un changement institutionnel : le cas de l'Espace partagé de santé publique, Nice." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Aix-Marseille, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AIXM1099.
In complex fields, change requires cooperation from numerous dispersed actors with divergent interests. Guided by reference works and articles, we draw on complementary insights from institutional and plural leadership in team theories to enrich the emerging notion of Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship. In this sense, this work focuses on the micro mechanisms by which actors engage collectively in entrepreneurial actions and highlights the structural and organized character involving the action of many individuals acting under the same entity: the "Collective". Our research is based on a case study called the "Espace Partagé de Santé Publique", which has been established in 2005 to favor social innovations targeting disabled individuals. Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship takes many forms varying from the institutional work in witch actors are involved. It shows how collective institutional entrepreneurship relies on shared competencies and on the sharing of multiple resources derived from a diversity of actors working in a collaborative effort. This case study shows how experiments such as EPSP are conducive to the emergence of Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship involved in the design and implementation of a social innovation. The platform provides a large set of various resources, and institutional entrepreneurs can use its to establish a social innovation project. Regarding the structure and dynamics of Collective Institutional Entrepreneurship, the main results of this study invite future investigations to consider the richness of collective dynamics to apprehend complex institutional changes
Gradeva, Milena. "Stratégies d'entreprise dans un contexte de changement institutionnel : le cas de la Bulgarie." Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010047.
Franzoi, Dri Clarissa. "Changement institutionnel et régionalisme en Amérique Latine : la construction du parlement du Mercosur." Thesis, Bordeaux 4, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BOR40042.
Recently, some movements have been calling for the democratization of decisionmakingspaces in international relations. Members of parliament have progressivelybecome key actors in this scenario, organizing transnational deliberative forumsintended to influence several domains of governmental action. This is also occurring atthe regional integration level, with the European Union and its co-legislative parliamentas the most prominent examples. In Latin America, on the other hand, the presidentialtradition and intergovernmental character of regional initiatives have always relegatedmembers of parliament to a secondary position. However, against all expectations, aparliament was created in Mercosur in 2006. How can this institutional choice beexplained? This dissertation aims to analyze the reasons for the creation of the MercosurParliament (Parlasur) beyond the official discourse. In order to do so, it explores thecombination of institutions, interests and ideas in determining political action. Thesefactors are contextualized through policy process theories, which underline the role oftiming, advocacy coalitions and inspiration in existing models in institutional change.This theoretical framework is then applied to the study of the four fundamental stages ofthe Parlasur building: the institutional development of the former ParliamentaryCommission; the relations between the Mercosur and the European Union and thetransfer of integration mechanisms; the critical moment when the Free Trade Area ofthe Americas was confronted by the new governmental ideologies; and the difficultinstitutionalization process that is being faced by the new parliament. This chronothematicanalysis is intended to trace the path of explanatory variables in thisinstitutional result, based on semi-structured interviews and observations carried out inMercosur as well as in the European Union
Sghari, Amira. "Capacité de changement et processus explicatifs du changement : cas de Basic Bank." Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013AIXM1063.
The analysis of the literature on organizational change shows the existence of several explanatory process of change (planned process, political process, interpretive process, incremental process and complex process). The empirical results of previous studies show the existence of different combinations of these processes to understand and explain the changes observed depending on case studies. Motivated by the understanding of these results, we mobilize the contribution of works dealing with the capability to change of organizations. The objective of this research is to study the influence of the capability to change of a company on explanatory process of change. To achieve this goal, a qualitative study by longitudinal case study is conducted in Basic Bank, the leader of the Tunisian market bank, to identify the influential components of capacity of change during the conduct of the project (P24). To this end, we split the process of change induced by the project (P24) in three phases: phase of launching change, phase of its implementation and its consolidation phase.The results show that the leadership capability, communication, staff recognition, and organizational learning, components of change capability of Basic Bank, influence the explanatory process of change induced by (P24). However, the extent of this influence varies according to the phases of change analyzed
Grebil, Nathalie. "Etude des parcours de vieillissement semi-institutionnalisés : un processus individuel et institutionnel." Versailles-St Quentin en Yvelines, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013VERS026S.
This research questions the institutional and individual organisation for partly institutionalised road maps of aging. To grasp the variations and different types of organisations, the ground study preferred qualitative methods: Observations, specific meetings and biographies. To start with, evidence was shown that aging processes are punctuated by more or less disturbing events and triggers of biographic junctions which can lead to an aging road map partly institutionalised or fully institutionalised. Then, we were able to point out that on one hand the partly institutionalised aging road map results from exterior interactions to the individual which are macro-social (framework laws), mezzo-social (configuration and local organisation), and finally micro-social (personal relation network of the individual or his/her partner…). On the other hand the partly institutionalised aging road map arises from the individual internal interactions which put the individual face to face with constraints and opportunities as well as a range of actions and possible choices. These come from attachments and/or moral engagements from the individual towards his close relatives, but also from the individual’s own character made from their personal history. There is, for each aging road map, some complexity; and each road is the fruit of a mixture of individualities, more or less predictable and branching events and individual and institutional configurations
Bajenaru, Violeta. "Complexité et diversité des comportements individuels dans le contexte du changement institutionnel post-communiste." Aix-Marseille 3, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007AIX32011.
Cayla, David. "L'apprentissage organisationnel entre processus adaptatif et changement dirigé." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00198591.
les conceptions de la rationalité qui existent en économie. Nous pouvons alors établir, en nous appuyant sur l'apport des sciences cognitives contemporaines, une représentation qui permet d'appréhender différents niveaux d'apprentissage, imbriqués et hiérarchisés.
La seconde partie de cette thèse se penche sur l'apprentissage organisationnel de manière plus spécifique. Après avoir montré comment le critère de cohérence pouvait permettre de distinguer les modes de coordination ex post des modes de coordination ex ante, nous nous intéressons au fonctionnement interne des organisations et à la capacité qu'a le management d'en modifier le comportement. Dans le dernier chapitre, enfin, nous montrons quels apports spécifiques notre approche pourrait avoir dans le cadre des théories modernes des
organisations, et nous nous intéressons à la relation entre la structure organisationnelle et la performance de l'apprentissage.
Xuereb, Jean-Marc. "La gestion des processus d'innovation." Paris 9, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA09A001.
Besançon, Emmanuelle. "Théories et pratiques du changement institutionnel en économie solidaire : une approche institutionnaliste par l'innovation sociale." Amiens, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014AMIE0055.
Institutional change appears as an essential element in the theory of solidarity economy. If it does put forward a conception of institutional change as democratie change (democratization of the political and economie life), we argue that this one, considering its complexity, cannot be approached at a global level. Starting from how it is viewed by theorists of the solidarity economy, we have sought to identify concrete forms and practices taking an active part in institutional change, as well as to highlight the processes by which they diffuse into the economy. Also, we advocate in this thesis the fact that an approach based on social innovation is more than relevant. Besides the growing interest it is currently attracting, we insist on the double process of creation and diffusion of innovations, but also on the transformation of the institutions that appear as the players aim. Thus, the understanding of institutional change underlying solidarity economy can be improved by an institutionalist analysis of its economie implications. This proposal seems all the more well-founded that solidarity economy, as being a recent theoretical field, is still widely perceived as a non-economic issue. Therefore, this contribution hopes to improve the analysis of institutional change in solidarity economy
Maître, d'Hôtel Elodie. "Participation et adaptation des organisations au changement institutionnel : les organisations agricoles au Costa Rica face aux politiques de libéralisation." Montpellier, ENSA, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENSA0038.
Cayla, David. "L' apprentissage organisationnel entre processus adaptatif et changement dirigé." Paris 1, 2007. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00198591.
Edouard, Serge. "Progrès technologique et changement institutionnel : de l'institutionnalisation de l'innovation technologique à la co-évolution techno-institutionnelle." Paris 10, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA100001.
El, Karouni Ilyess. "L'économie chinoise depuis 1978 [mille neuf cents soixante-dix-huit] : genèse et manifestations du changement institutionnel." Paris 8, 2007. http://octaviana.fr/document/136511112#?c=0&m=0&s=0&cv=0.
Our thesis deals with the issue of Chinese postsocialist transformation. More particularly, we try to explain its causes before to state its appearances. The causes should be looked into the cultural embeddedness of the economic action, the appearances in the examination of the institutional and environment and institutional arrangement. We compared the process to a chemical reaction whose factor which triggered the reaction was what we coined a cultural shock. It affects the cultural block (block "0") by altering the individual and collective perceptions. This shock was caused by the reopening of the country. Its consequences were expanded by the existence of two "catalysts" linked the collective memory. The first is internal : it is the conjunction of two historical episodes : thr Great Leap forward (1958-60) and the Cultural Revolution (1966-1976). The second catalyst is external : it refers to the dynamism of Asian economies which belong to the same geographical and cultural area than China. The mutation of property rights (privatization from below) is one of the appearances of the institutional reaction at the level of the institutional environment. But its imperfections are numerous (difficult enforcement of the laws and contracts, predation) and generate transaction costs. The costs accounts for the decline maoist command economy and the development of cooperatives in rural China with the local state corporatism. We conclude on the complexity of the process and the limits of the political vision. Therefore, its appears essential to attach importance to its cultural dimension
El, Karouni Ilyess Vahabi Mehrdad. "L'économie chinoise depuis 1978 [mille neuf cents soixante-dix-huit] genèse et manifestations du changement institutionnel /." Saint-Denis : Université de Paris 8, 2009. http://www.bu.univ-paris8.fr/web/collections/theses/ElKarouniThese.pdf.
Gholami, Zorgabad Gholamhossein. "Le problème de changement de régime : Une approche bayésienne." Paris 9, 2008. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2008PA090004.
The change-point problem deals with sudden change in the distribution of a given data. This problem received an increasing interest from both frequentist and Bayesian statisticians. This is caused by an awareness of important applications as well as by newly available theoretical and computational methods. Some of these new methods involve, for instance, advances in curve estimation methods, and MCMC methods. In this thesis we study different models with a single change-point from Bayesian viewpoint. The first chapter serves as technical introduction to the Bayesian methods and the Monte Carlo Markov Chain (MCMC) techniques that are used among the next chapters. In the second chapter we present a new aspect of change-point in regression analysis in which the change-point problem parameterized in term of change in functional form of the regression function from linear to non-linear function. We use the free knot cubic B-spline basis to representing the non-linear function. We follow a Bayesian approach and make use the Reversible Jump Mont Carlo Markov Chain (RJMCMC) algorithm to provide an approximated inference for the model. Chapter three introduces a model named “Poisson Stochastic Volatility Model” that is a special case of Generalized Dynamic Linear Models. In this model the observed variable follows a Poisson distribution while its logarithm of rate follows an AR(1). We use the Slice sampling method to sample from posterior distribution of the hidden process. In the next step, the model is generalized form AR(1) to AR(p) process when p is not known. The RJMCMC algorithm is used to provide an approximated inference to the model parameters. In chapter four we consider the change-point problem in the Stochastic Volatility models in which at the change-point all the parameters of the model are changed. We use the kth order method of Brooks et. Al (2003) to approximate the conditional posterior of the hidden process
Siebenborn, Thierry. "Une approche de formalisation du processus de changement dans l'entreprise." Chambéry, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005CHAMS009.
If the need for piloting changes is not new for companies, the almost constant increase over recent years of the frequency with which these changes must be carried out is. It is the way in which this changement takes should take place, that we will look at through the proposaI of an approach of a process of change. We initially list the different types of structure of organization to which a change can apply as weIl as the methods being able to be used to operate this change. We then evoke the interest which the company would have for a particular process to help it to mobilize skills necessary to make the changes happen. A change is generally defined as a set of skills to acquire or evolve. We show the difficulty companies have in describing these skills. We give a description of the way in which the resources, having in responsibility of implement these skiIls, are mobilized. To position the process of change compared to the other processes, we propose to integrate an additional axis into the two-dimensional type representation of the cartographies of the processes. We then present our approach to the process of change. We thus structure the change in time through the identification of the phases common to any type of change. We then propose a representation allowing a controller to dynamically mobilize the resources to absorb the reactions to the change. We give particular points of a change where the controller of the process must intervene by rebalancing the way in which the resources are mobilized. Lastly, we illustrate the application of this approach to a case of a change which we carried out in a real company
Dupeuble, Thierry. "Qualification, normalisation et changement institutionnel en agriculture : regards sur la mise en œuvre des contrats territoriaux d'exploitation." Toulouse 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006TOU10010.
This thesis suggests an institutional economic analysis of a public policy system which aims at make farmers moving towards farming systems in which external effects of agricultural practices are under control. This work takes place in a conventionalist approach of agents' coordination. In that way, we first show one cannot deal with public problems which arise from external effects, such as water pollution for instance, unless there is a conventional agreement, sometimes temporary, on what agricultural activity is supposed to provide to whole economy. Four types of such agreeemtns, here called qualifications, are revealed through an historical analysis of the institutional, economic and political context in which the public policy system we focus on has been designed. The study of the institutional shapes of local coordiantions produced by the public policy reveals that the very dominant qualification is the industrial one, for which commodities production and external effects are cleary disjoined. Within this frame, external effects are under control through normalisation of agricultural practices, which normalisation is being undertaken by the public policy system. Elaboration and dissemination of norms is then studied mobilizing a model of knowledge creation borrowed from management approaches and trying to reveal institutions implied within. The thesis ends on the analysis of the key role of normalisation within the institutionnal change that governs the emergence of a new public regulation of European agriculture
Dago, Guéby Joseph. "L'économie politique de l'investissement direct étranger (IDE) et le changement institutionnel : le cas de la Côte d'Ivoire." Amiens, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010AMIE0053.
Muller, Laurent. "Contribution à la conduite du changement en PME : intégration des représentations organisationnelles au processus de changement participatif." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1999. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1999_MULLER_L.pdf.
Organizational innovation is today recognized as a major factor to the survival and development of firms. This is especially true for small and medium-sized businesses, which are defined here as the meeting point between a structuring formalization essential to their development, and a permanent reconstruction of their social system, based on the actors strategic game. We identify the inadequate integration of the latter aspect in organizational change projects as the main reason behind their failure. The purposes of this essay are to understand the role played by the formalization used in purposeful organizational change in order to define its limits ; to characterize a few modeling techniques with regard to the requirements of the process of change in businesses, and to infer contributing elements to Value development in SME. The state of the art and the choice of a few methodological tools of modeling techniques and formal representations enabled us to build an engineering of organizational development, which was put to the test in two cases of organizational change and which made it possible to assess the role played by formal representation in the process of change. Our research reveals the existence of a corpus of data which cannot be grasped by formal models alone. An integrated approach to change, including the technical, organizational, behavioral, and cognitive dimensions, calls for the construction of links between the formal model and the organizational actors' representation. These links have a structuring, rooting, mediation and mediatization role, and thus define a general framework for the integration of formal and individual representations in purposeful organizational change
Maymo, Vincent. "La coordination intraorganisationnelle : le cas du processus crédit immobilier dans la banque de détail." Bordeaux 4, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006BOR40049.
The deficiency of theoritical framework about coordination within organization involves the study of coordination as a coherence between sociotechnical dimension and cognitive dimension, with the aim of answering to organizationnal purpose. This coherence research requires a wider organizationnal control to the French conception : the Anglo-Saxon conception of control. This control analyses the effective regularities of coordination based on a group of criterion used to identify conventions. The proposal of this thesis is to show how is it possible to identify conventions in a bank mortgage process. Datas collected during a hidden observation are triangulated in order to increase the availability of interpretations. The process analysis is grounded on a cartography and on the identification of conventions. The results show that there are risks in coordination which can be identified by conventions. These results involve a reflexion about the conventional dynamic
Ben, Slimane Karim. "Stratégies discursives de légitimation du changement institutionnel : le cas du déploiement de la télévision numérique terrestre en France." Lille 1, 2007. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2007/50374-2007-17.pdf.
Paul, Bénédique. "Le capital institutionnel dans l'analyse du changement économique et social : application au secteur de la microfinance en Haïti." Thesis, Montpellier 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011MON10006.
Theories in (New) Institutional Economics won recently the development debate. Meanwhile, the role of institutions is being taken into account progressively in development strategies analysis. Our research in Haitian Microfinance follows the same logic. Its fundamental idea is that development implies economic and social change and this is the result of a pattern of material and immaterial assets. Then, development is viewed as the process or outcome from the interaction of several capitals. In this study, we show that economic institutions structuring relations between economic agents are constitutive of a form of capital: the institutional capital. With an analysis based in the Haitian microfinancial intermediation, we find that institutional capital is a determinant condition for development strategies implementation. In microfinancial intermediation, institutional capital is a production of microfinance organizations. It influences users' behaviors of microfinancial services and generates economic and social outcomes. The main conclusion of our study using empirical evidence is the following: institutional capital matters, either for analytic purpose or as an asset used by economic agents to modify behaviors for change
Lardeau, Matthieu. "Changement institutionnel et managérialisation : transformation de la presse quotidienne nationale française et des pratiques professionnelles journalistiques (1944-2010)." Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX32068.
Hard news press faces the early beginnings of a deep institutional change through a managerialization process of newsrooms’ and journalistic practices management. Using the new institutionalism theory we assume to scrutinize this change through studying emerging conflicts between institutional logics – and underlying institutional logics – Inside newsrooms. We particularly notice that the strength of the dominant logic (since 1944 in France) – the editorial logic – that traditionally shapes and governs the newsroom and journalistic practices’ management is eroding; thus sometimes the competitive logic – the business logic –appears dominant or a new hybrid logic – combining elements from editorial and business logics – comes up. We have done extensive ethnographic studies inside newsrooms of three French major national newspapers, La Croix, 20 Minutes, and Le Parisien-Aujourd’hui en France (from 2007 to 2009). As a result we offer a first deep description of the characteristics of journalist-managers and analysis of their daily practices, and we show the major role played by these journalist-managers in the managerialization process. We also identify the three major situations that face the French Press groups regarded to managerialization: some newsrooms are still ruled and shaped by the editorial dominant logic; some that face a shift in the dominant logic – from the editorial to the business one; some that experience the attempt to define a hybrid institutional logic that only appears at a proto-institutionalization stage. Our socio-historical analysis of this deep institutional change process that affect the hard news press (from 1944 to 2010) finally invites to consider the evolution of the underlying struggle for power to run the Press firms involving shareholders, managers, and journalists; we assume journalist-managers play and will play the major role in shaping the orientation and content of managerialization process
Gassem, Anis. "Test d'ajustement d'un processus de diffusion ergodique à changement de régime." Phd thesis, Université du Maine, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00543318.
LEMBLE, SYLVAIN. "Therapie centree sur le client : techniques, attitudes et processus de changement." Lyon 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992LYO1M160.
Gassem, Anis. "Test d'ajustement d'un processus de diffusion ergotique à changement de régime." Le Mans, 2010. http://cyberdoc.univ-lemans.fr/theses/2010/2010LEMA1016.pdf.
We consider the Cramér-von Mises goodness-of-fit type tests to test the hypothesis that the observed diffusion process is switching diffusion, i. E. , this process has sign-type trend coefficient. These tests are based on empirical distribution and empirical density functions. It is shown that the limit distributions of the proposed test statistics are defined by the integral type functionals of continuous Gaussian processes. We provide the Karhunen-Loéve expansion of the corresponding limiting processes. This expansion allows us to simplify the problem of the calculation of the thresholds. We study the behavior of these statistics under alternatives and we show that these tests are consistent. To treat the composite basic hypotheses we need to know the asymptotic behavior of statistical estimators of the unknown parameters. That is why we consider the problem of parameter estimation for switching diffusion process. We suppose that the unknown parameter is two-dimensional and we describe the asymptotic properties of the maximum likelihood and Bayesian estimators in this case. Using these estimators we construct the corresponding Cramér-von Mises type tests and study their limit distributions. Finally we consider two Cramér-von Mises type tests for ergodic diffusion process in the general case. It is shown that for a certain choice of weight functions these tests are asymptotically distribution-free. For some particular cases, we provide the explicit expressions of the limit distributions of these statistics via direct calculation of Laplace transforms
Lefebvre, Hervé. "La domotique : le rôle des réseaux dans un processus d'innovation interactive." Grenoble 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE21015.
The thesis's purpose is to explain why home automation innovation diffusion has encountered much more difficulties then expected. This innovation takes part to an information techno-economic paradigm. Because of the diversity of techniques and producers, the promotion of this innovation needs the establishment of interactions and innovation networks. The work's assumption is that innovations are both technical and organisational processes. So, the innovation success depends on networks quality established to support it. The stake's network is the development of a more receptive environment. The first part explains the factors which have conducted home automation innovation in a locking situation : no controlled costs and prices, insufficiency of standardization processes, weakness of learning and the diversity of innovations representations. These different factors conduct home automation in a technical and trade instability situation. In face of such problems, home automation manufacturers have set up an innovation network. The second part shows that innovation networks are effective means to reach learning levels and to build irreversibilities; but these networks request new organizational forms and a new actor, the network entrepreneur. The success of the innovation depends on the kind of the network and the utilisation of penetration or diffusion rates can't be done before that socio-technical agreements are realised. Considering only quantifiable factors to analyse conditions of success means taking into account only technical factors and loosing social factors
Paul, Benedique. "Le capital institutionnel dans l'analyse du changement économique et social : Application dans le secteur de la microfinance en Haïti." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00565414.
Bastien, Jérémie. "Le football professionnel européen dans un système capitaliste financiarisé en crise : une approche régulationniste des facteurs de changement institutionnel." Thesis, Reims, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REIME002/document.
Economists argue that the European professional football is in crisis. This thesis discusses this postulate by testing the relationship between the changes in football and the transformations of modern capitalism. Our methodology is based on a meso-level analysis from the French “Régulation theory” which provides a systemic and multilevel analysis. The thesis thus emphasizes how the progressive integration of financialised interests in football has an influence on the strategies of football traditional stakeholders. It actually shows that the financialisation process of the European professional football leads to growth since the 1980s. However, this growth is rather unstable because losses and indebtedness are part of clubs activity. The incentive for sports performance (open league), the players’ strong bargaining power (hold-up) and the flexibility of the regulatory environment are the main determinants of the clubs’ high spendings. Contrary to the “small” clubs, this situation is not a constraint for the “big” clubs thanks to the financial contributions they obtain from their owners, from their funding partners and from their participation to supranational competitions. In this environment and despite instability, the growth regime remains nevertheless sustainable. The stakeholders create new compromises to reduce imbalances: these compromises are the roots for new institutional arrangements that finally support the growth logic which is in place. There is therefore a “régulation” in European professional football, that is to say a process that contributes to the reproduction of the sector. However, this process paradoxically increases inequalities and may encourage the conditions for a major economic crisis
Mai, Anh. "Les conséquences sur les performances humaines du redesign organisationnel dans un contexte de changement institutionnel : le cas du Vietnam." Thesis, Paris 10, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA100209.
Organizational redesign has become a never- never land of proliferating metaphors and methods. It has been a strategic choice for organizations to deal with the uncertainties of their external environment. It is also set for facing human constraints and problems of employee integration so that the organizations can maintain and promote the motivation and performance of their employees. It seems that these two approaches of organizational redesign, when employed separately, are not able to meet the actually increasing number of questions emanating from this process. This is because each approach is only conceptualized for a unique context. This thesis proposes an integrated approach for organizational redesign responding to both external and internal needs of the organizations. The conceptual model is built based on the relationships among four main variables: institutional environment, organizational redesign, motivation, and human performance. It employs the research methodologies of case study (5 cases) and of survey method (157 usable responses) on 40 Vietnamese state-owned enterprises for the test of the research model
Vincensini, Caroline. "Les trajectoires nationales de propriété en Pologne, Hongrie et République tchèque : une analyse comparative du changement institutionnel post-socialiste." Paris 1, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003PA010018.