Journal articles on the topic 'Processi tessili'
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Marchioretto, M. M., H. Bruning, N. T. P. Loan, and W. H. Rulkens. "Heavy metals extraction from anaerobically digested sludge." Water Science and Technology 46, no. 10 (November 1, 2002): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2002.0275.
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This paper reports on the chemical extraction efficiency in the removal of heavy metals from sludge from an activated-sludge system, which receives as influent both industrial and municipal wastewater. Utilizing a series of chemical extractants in a sequential order comprised the first phase of the research, called sequential chemical extraction (SCE). The work started with the well-known Tessier method followed by Veeken and by Sims and Kline SCE schemes. Afterwards, modified versions of Tessier and Veeken schemes were applied. The second phase, named chemical extraction using pH progressive changes, concerns an alternative to the extraction process. Four acids were tested: nitric, hydrochloric, oxalic and citric and the pH values as well as the time were varied. Some conclusions reveal that although modifying Tessier and Veeken schemes provides more consistent results, SCE is still an imperfect method regarding specificity and selectivity. Besides, it is not advisable to apply one SCE scheme developed for one specific situation to another one, once the accurateness of the method depends on several factors such as sort of material and chemicals, contact time, temperature, etc. The extraction efficiency increases using nitric or hydrochloric acids at low pH values, promoting high extraction efficiency level.
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Xiao, Han, Wan Qiu Yang, and Liang Shen. "Immobilization Efficiency Evaluation by Using Tessier, TCLP and SBET Method for As, Cu and Pb Contaminated Soils." Advanced Materials Research 909 (March 2014): 95–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.909.95.
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In this paper, Tessier sequence extract procedure (SEP), toxicity leaching procedure (TCLP) and simple bioaccessibility extraction test (SBET) were employed to evaluate the immobile efficiencies for As, Cu and Pb contaminated soils. Experimental results indicated that the TCLP was efficient to extract the most active part heavy metal and evaluate the risk of the samples; the Tessier method divided heavy metals in soils to different fractions. Monitoring the changes of different fractions during the immobilizing procedure could help fully understand the mechanism of stabilization. The SBET method simulated the human digest system, thus it could be used to evaluate the risk changes to human during the immobilizing process; and to reveal the potential risk of chemical stability. In our project, these three evaluate method should be utilized properly to help accessing the risk, electing suitable immobilizing method and evaluating the efficiency of stabilization.
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Sun, Kaibiao, Andrzej Kasperski, and Yuan Tian. "Theoretical Study and Optimization of the Biochemical Reaction Process by Means of Feedback Control Strategy." Journal of Chemistry 2013 (2013): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/105765.
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The aim of this work is to present a theoretical analysis and optimization of a biochemical reaction process by means of feedback control strategy. To begin with, a mathematical model of the biochemical reaction process with feedback control is formulated. Then, based on the formulated model, the analysis of system's dynamics is presented. The optimization of the bioprocess is carried out, in order to achieve maximal biomass productivity. It is shown that during the optimization, the bioprocess with impulse effects loses the possibility of synchronization and strives for a simple continuous bioprocess. The analytical results presented in the work are validated by numerical simulations for the Tessier kinetics model.
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Carella, A., C. F. Andreula, M. Camicia, E. A. Alloro, and L. Garofalo. "La Risonanza Magnetica nella patologia non tumorale del rachide." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 1, no. 1_suppl (April 1988): 47–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009880010s106.
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Nello studio della patologia non tumorale del rachide la Risonanza Magnetica svolge un ruolo fondamentale non solo nel rilievo diagnostico ma anche nel seguire la sequenza dei normali processi d'invecchiamento della colonna vertebrale. Nelle malformazioni la R.M. restituirà la visione unitaria di sistema multicompartimentale alle strutture ossee e nervose, svincolandolo da uno studio singolo di struttura con successivo meccanismo di integrazione artificiale. Nei traumi permetterà il rilievo non solo della patologia in atto, ma anche di una ipotesi in prospettiva delle chances di recupero. Nelle malattie flogistiche e infiammatorie la R.M. permetterà uno studio accurato dell'estensione del processo e della progressione con coinvolgimento delle strutture vicine. Nei processi degenerativi infine la R.M. permetterà di ipotizzare il limite tra i normali processi di invecchiamento e la patologia e seguirà le situazioni potenzialmente patogene nel loro aggravamento nella loro fase di suscettibilità chirurgica. Per tutti questi obiettivi l'utilizzo di impianti affidabili, di studio dei tempi di rilassamento dei tessuti in prospettiva di opportune sequenze di impulsi, di applicazioni di tecniche di fast scanning, importanti non solo per il risparmio di tempo ma anche per la capacità diagnostica tutta in costruzione, sono e saranno campi di ricerca. Inoltre l'introduzione dei mezzi di contrasto paramagnetici in RM ha ulteriormente amplificato la sfida nelle ricerche.
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van Westen, C. J., and F. Lulie Getahun. "Analyzing the evolution of the Tessina landslide using aerial photographs and digital elevation models." Geomorphology 54, no. 1-2 (August 2003): 77–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0169-555x(03)00057-6.
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Doimo, Martino. "Mies van der Rohe: Cuba 1957 - Berlin 1968. Il compimento della “nuova” arte del costruire | Mies van der Rohe: Cuba 1957 - Berlin 1968. The fulfillment of the “new” art of building." ZARCH, no. 8 (October 2, 2017): 314. http://dx.doi.org/10.26754/ojs_zarch/zarch.201782172.
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L’arte del costruire (Baukunst) del nostro tempo trova fondamento nella ricerca di una nuova forma di composizione dei differenti autonomi elementi costruttivo/figurativi, nei quali risulta originariamente frammentata e stratificata: l’elemento plastico murario, che si occupa della fondazione del suolo, come massa stereotomica topograficamente modellata in rapporto alla conformazione del luogo; l’elemento propriamente tettonico della struttura di sostegno del riparo, strettamente riferibile ai procedimenti di montaggio di elementi finiti; l’elemento, portatore di motivi tessili, dell’involucro che dà forma allo spazio interno: pura superficie di rivestimento (Bekleidung) tendente alla smaterializzazione. Questi elementi si sono definiti attraverso un lungo processo di formazione, a partire dalla radicale revisione teorica delle tradizionali categorie tettoniche, nel corso dell’Ottocento. Essi sembrano trovare compimento nell’ultima fase della ricerca miesiana della “nuova” arte del costruire, nel progetto della Halle monumentale per Cuba/Berlin (1957-68).KEYWORDS: Mies van der Rohe; tettonica; spazio; struttura; costruzione; Baukunst.The art of building (Baukunst) of our time is founded on the search of a new kind of composition of different autonomous elements, in which it was originally fragmented and stratified: the plastic masonry element of the earthwork, as a stereotomic, topographic mass, closely related to the specific site; the properly tectonic element of the light carpentry framework/roofwork, largely connected to the rational modularity of assembly technique; the dematerialized element of spatial enclosure, as textile cladding surface: the pure dressing (Bekleidung). These elements have been defined through a long form-giving process, started with the radical nineteenth-century theoretical review of traditional tectonic categories. The same elements seem to reach their fulfillment in the last phase of Mies’ research on the “new” art of building: the project for a monumental Halle in Santiago de Cuba, finally built in Berlin (1957-68).KEYWORDS: Mies van der Rohe; tectonics; space; structure; construction; Baukunst.
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Limouzin, Pierre. "Le Tessin : les mutations économiques et sociales d'un canton périphérique." Annales de Géographie 99, no. 552 (1990): 173–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/geo.1990.20957.
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Wang, Yongjiang, and Freddy Witarsa. "Application of Contois, Tessier, and first-order kinetics for modeling and simulation of a composting decomposition process." Bioresource Technology 220 (November 2016): 384–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.biortech.2016.08.099.
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Nearing, Grey S., Benjamin L. Ruddell, Martyn P. Clark, Bart Nijssen, and Christa Peters-Lidard. "Benchmarking and Process Diagnostics of Land Models." Journal of Hydrometeorology 19, no. 11 (November 1, 2018): 1835–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jhm-d-17-0209.1.
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Abstract We propose a conceptual and theoretical foundation for information-based model benchmarking and process diagnostics that provides diagnostic insight into model performance and model realism. We benchmark against a bounded estimate of the information contained in model inputs to obtain a bounded estimate of information lost due to model error, and we perform process-level diagnostics by taking differences between modeled versus observed transfer entropy networks. We use this methodology to reanalyze the recent Protocol for the Analysis of Land Surface Models (PALS) Land Surface Model Benchmarking Evaluation Project (PLUMBER) land model intercomparison project that includes the following models: CABLE, CH-TESSEL, COLA-SSiB, ISBA-SURFEX, JULES, Mosaic, Noah, and ORCHIDEE. We report that these models (i) use only roughly half of the information available from meteorological inputs about observed surface energy fluxes, (ii) do not use all information from meteorological inputs about long-term Budyko-type water balances, (iii) do not capture spatial heterogeneities in surface processes, and (iv) all suffer from similar patterns of process-level structural error. Because the PLUMBER intercomparison project did not report model parameter values, it is impossible to know whether process-level error patterns are due to model structural error or parameter error, although our proposed information-theoretic methodology could distinguish between these two issues if parameter values were reported. We conclude that there is room for significant improvement to the current generation of land models and their parameters. We also suggest two simple guidelines to make future community-wide model evaluation and intercomparison experiments more informative.
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Frankowski, Marcin, Anetta Zioła-Frankowska, Artur Kowalski, and Jerzy Siepak. "Fractionation of heavy metals in bottom sediments using Tessier procedure." Environmental Earth Sciences 60, no. 6 (July 29, 2009): 1165–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12665-009-0258-3.
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De Andrade, Michelli Barbosa, Wilson Costa, and André Vitor Chaves Andrade. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO E ESTUDO DA LIXIVIAÇÃO DE METAIS DE ESCÓRIAS PROVENIENTES DA RECICLAGEM DE BATERIAS DE CHUMBO-ÁCIDO." HOLOS 5 (October 8, 2014): 361. http://dx.doi.org/10.15628/holos.2014.2042.
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No Brasil, o chumbo metálico é obtido principalmente a partir da reciclagem de baterias de chumbo-ácido utilizando o processo pirometalúrgico, que é acompanhado da geração de uma escória que apresenta elementos como Fe, Si, S, Al, Ca, Zn, Pb. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de estudar a escória gerada no processo através da fluorescência e difração de raios X e de extrações utilizando o método de Tessier seguida da determinação das concentrações dos metais nos extratos por espectrometria de absorção atômica. Com os resultados da fluorescência de raios X, observou-se que a somatória das porcentagens dos elementos citados se aproxima a 97 %. Pela difração de raios X, detectou-se fases como: Pirrotita (Fe1-xS), Maghemita (Fe2O3), Fayalita (Fe2+2SiO4), Óxido de chumbo e alumínio (Pb2Al2O5), Hercinita (Fe2+Al2O4) e Óxido de chumbo (Pb2O3) e que nos extratos, estão presentes vários metais em concentrações variáveis, sendo que chumbo e ferro são encontrados geralmente em maior concentração.
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Briganti, F., A. Manto, F. Spadetta, F. Caranci, S. Cirillo, R. Elefante, and F. Smaltino. "Aspetti RM delle spondilodisciti." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 5, no. 2 (May 1992): 177–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099200500205.
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Le infezioni della colonna vertebrale rappresentano circa il 2% di tutti i casi di osteomielite. In tale patologia una diagnosi precoce è fondamentale per evitare la comparsa di deficit neurologici permanenti, ma essa è resa difficile dal lungo periodo di latenza (2–8 settimane) che intercorre tra l'esordio della sintomatologia clinica e la comparsa delle prime alterazioni del quadro radiologico nonché dalla sintomatologia clinica scarsa ed aspecifica. Scopo di questo studio e valutare l'accuratezza della risonanza magnetica nel dimostrare le alterazioni del disco e dei corpi vertebrali, ed il coinvolgimento del canale vertebrale e dei tessuti molli paravertebrali. Abbiamo a tal fine riesaminato 65 pazienti affetti da spondilodiscite studiati con RM. La RM ha permesso la differenziazione dei processi infiammatori in fase acuta da quelli cronicizzati, consentendo in alcuni casi di ipotizzare l'agente eziologico; essa inoltre ha sempre permesso la definizione dell'interessamento endocanalare e paravertebral.
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Wiegandt, Claus-C. "Wulf Tessin: Ästhetik des Angenehmen. Städtische Freiräume zwischen professioneller Ästhetik und Laiengeschmack." Geographische Zeitschrift 100, no. 2 (2012): 127–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.25162/gz-2012-0015.
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Roncallo, F., I. Turtulici, F. Bandini, A. Mazzella, L. Giberti, C. Calautti, and A. Bartolini. "Pseudotumor orbitario: Semeiotica TC-RM e diagnosi differenziale." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 10, no. 2_suppl (October 1997): 168. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/19714009970100s271.
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Lo Pseudotumor Orbitario (PO) viene definito come un processo flogistico aspecifico ed idiopatico per il quale non è possibile identificare una causa locale o riscontrare una patologia sistemica. Si può manifestare clinicamente in diversi modi a seconda delle strutture anatomiche orbitarie coinvolte e la sintomatologia è comunque del tutto aspecifica. Scopo del lavoro è identificare le diverse varianti di PO, con particolare riguardo alla diagnosi differenziale con altra patologia, specie quella neoplastica. Sono stati valutati retrospettivamente 50 esami TC ed RM mirati sulle regioni orbitarie, in pazienti affetti da patologia non traumatica, responsabile della sintomatologia. Successivamente abbiamo stratificato gli esami a seconda della struttura anatomica prevalentemente coinvolta: 1. Loggia lacrimale (8 casi); 2. Muscolatura estrinseca oculare (14 casi); 3. Complesso nervo ottico-involucri meningei del nervo (12 casi); 4. Vena oftalmica superiore (7 casi); 5. Apice orbitario (5 casi); 6. Tessuti orbitari retrobulbari (3 casi). Ognuna di queste diverse strutture può essere selettivamente interessata dallo PO. Per quanto concerne la diagnosi differenziale sono stati riscontrati: 1. Loggia lacrimale: PO (4), Linfoma (2), Flogosi settica (2); 2. Muscolatura estrinseca oculare: PO (6), Oftalmopatia Base-dovviana (5), Metastasi (2); 3. Complesso nervo ottico-involucff meningei del nervo: PO (4), Malattie autoimmuni (4), Meningioma (2), Linfoma (1), Glioma (1); 4. Vena of ialmica superiore: PO (1), Fistola carotido-cavernosa (3), Varice orbitaria (3); S. Apice orbitario: PO (2), Metastasi (2), Meningioma (1); 6. Tessuti orbitari retrobulbari: PO (1), Linfoma (1), cellulite settica (1). Lo PO rappresenta una frequente causa di lesione organica orbitaria dell'adulto. La diagnosi differenziale di natura con altra patologia non sempre è facile su pura base morfologia ed anche la biopsia può fornire dati incerti, specie per quanto riguarda la differenziazione dal linfoma. Emerge quindi l'utilità di restringere al massimo il campo delle ipotesi diagnostiche, unito al criterio ex-adiuvantibus della risposta allo steroide, limitando l'accertamento istologico ai casi non rispondenti.
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Scapozza, Cristian, and Paolo Oppizzi. "Évolution morpho-sédimentaire et paléo-environnementale de la plaine fluvio-deltaïque du Ticino pendant l’Holocène récent (Canton du Tessin, Suisse)." Géomorphologie : relief, processus, environnement 19, no. 3 (November 10, 2013): 265–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/geomorphologie.10289.
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Carpenter, Angela C. "A naturalness bias in learning stress." Phonology 27, no. 3 (December 2010): 345–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0952675710000199.
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Recent research on the acquisition of natural vs. unnatural phonological processes provides some support for the idea that learning a natural process is easier than learning an unnatural one (Wilson 2003, 2006, Pycha et al.2003, Pater & Tessier 2005). This study extends those findings by comparing the acquisition of two stress patterns that are identical except in naturalness. Learners were native speakers of English, a language with variable stress, and French, a fixed stress language. Both English and French speakers learned the natural pattern significantly better than the unnatural. The artificial languages specifically neutralised the phonetic cues that might have given a perceptual advantage to the natural language. The findings suggest that a naturalness bias aids in the distinguishing and learning of a phonological pattern. To explain the results, I argue for an interaction between a general and a language-specific cognitive mechanism.
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Macías, Roberto, Magdalena Samanta Ramos, Alma Lilian Guerrero, María Guadalupe Farfán, Kerry Mitchell, and Francisco Javier Avelar. "Contamination Assessment and Chemical Speciation of Lead in Soils and Sediments: A Case Study in Aguascalientes, México." Applied Sciences 12, no. 17 (August 27, 2022): 8592. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12178592.
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Lead (Pb) contamination was evaluated in 24 contaminated soils and sediments samples, representative of areas affected by mining, agricultural, commercial and residential activity, during the rainy and dry season. Pseudo-total concentration in soils (15.7–527.2 mg kg−1) and sediments (16.3–4273.3 mg kg−1) was determined and protocols were developed to analyze its chemical form, potential mobility and bioavailability. Five geochemical phases (exchangeable fraction, carbonate fraction, Fe/Mn oxide fraction, organic fraction and residual fraction) were obtained for the determination of Pb speciation and mobility using a modified Tessier sequential extraction procedure. The predominant fraction was the Fe/Mn oxide bound (both for soils and for sediments). However, their calculated mobility factors were 26% and 28%, respectively, representing significant risk to the environment. Geo accumulation values ranged from −0.7 to 4.4 (“Unpolluted”–“Highly to extremely polluted”) for soils and from −0.6 to 7.4 (“Unpolluted”–“Extremely polluted”) for sediments, suggesting the influence of human activity on the environment, mainly at sites located in the vicinity of the mine. Enrichment Factor values ranged from 2.1 to 87.8 for soils and from 2.5 to 698.7 for sediments (“Moderated enrichment”–“Extremely high enrichment”); values above 1.5 suggesting anthropogenic origin, thus representing a risk for biological organisms present in freshwater. In summary, these environmental indicators demonstrated than even in sites with low Pb concentration, contamination was observed, thus highlighting the need for continued monitoring due to the potential for significant public health risks.
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Tan, Lulu, Kaichung Wong, David Connor, Babak Fakhim, Masud Behnia, and Kurosh Parsi. "Generation of sclerosant foams by mechanical methods increases the foam temperature." Phlebology: The Journal of Venous Disease 32, no. 7 (October 12, 2016): 501–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0268355516671625.
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Objective To investigate the effect of agitation on foam temperature. Methods Sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol were used. Prior to foam generation, the sclerosant and all constituent equipment were cooled to 4–25℃ and compared with cooling the sclerosant only. Foam was generated using a modified Tessari method. During foam agitation, the temperature change was measured using a thermocouple for 120 s. Results Pre-cooling all the constituent equipment resulted in a cooler foam in comparison with only cooling the sclerosant. A starting temperature of 4℃ produced average foam temperatures of 12.5 and 13.2℃ for sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol, respectively. It was also found that only cooling the liquid sclerosant provided minimal cooling to the final foam temperature, with the temperature 20 and 20.5℃ for sodium tetradecyl sulphate and polidocanol, respectively. Conclusion The foam generation process has a noticeable impact on final foam temperature and needs to be taken into consideration when creating foam.
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Tessari, Roberto. "Actor Training in Italy." New Theatre Quarterly 4, no. 14 (May 1988): 181–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266464x00002712.
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‘Fools and graceless buffoons’ was one Italian playwright's view of Italian acting at the turn of the nineteenth century – and the political and linguistic fragmentation of the country continued to prevent any national approach to the problems of actor training. By the beginning of the present century the situation was beginning to improve, but until the ‘sixties the National Academy of Dramatic Art in Rome remained the single major training institution in the country. In this article, Roberto Tessari looks at the explosion of opportunities for actor training – and the wide range of approaches to it – which then occurred, largely since the ‘events’ of 1968. He quotes directly from the teachers involved to illustrate the aims of the various schools, which are now beginning a necessary process of consultation – over such matters as assessment procedures and the placement of students – through the annual ‘Prima del Teatro’ meetings hosted by the Pisa Theatre.
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Sawsan, Mahmood, Ali Ali, Darwesh Ayhem, and Zam Wissam. "Optimization of baker`s yeast production on grape juice using response surface methodology." Acta Periodica Technologica, no. 52 (2021): 89–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt2152089s.
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There is an increasing interest in improving biological processes, including fermentation processes, improving fermentation conditions is difficult, as it requires the use of an appropriate improvement method that allows operating the biological fermenter under optimal conditions in order to obtain the largest possible amount of the final product. The aim of this work was to succeed in examples of fermentation conditions to produce the largest possible quantity of dry yeast biomass Saccharomyces cerevisiae using grape juice as the sole carbon source. The optimum values of five factors that have an effect on the production of dry biomass from baker`s yeast were determined. The design of the experiments was carried out using the central composite experimental design (CCD) and the number of experiments according to the design was (54) experiments, the response surface methodology method was used to determine the best possible amount of production of yeast, and has reached (41.44 g/L) after 12 hours of fermentation, under the following optimal conditions (temperature (30.11??), pH (4.75), sugar concentration (158.36 g/L), the ratio of carbon to nitrogen (an essential nutrient for yeast growth ) is (11.9), initial concentration of yeasts (2.5 g/L), the amount of urea was 6.65 g/L and the amount of ammonium sulfate used was 6.65 g/L, so that the concentration of added urea and ammonium sulfate was (50-50)% and the required C/N ratio was achieved, and the used agitation speed was equal to 200 r.p.m during the fermentation process. The fermenter power of the obtained yeast was 470 ml. Three kinematic models (Monod, Verhulst, and Tessier) were also selected for the purpose of studying the kinetic performance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeast. Monod and Tessier`s models did not give satisfactory results, while the best results were according to the Verhulst model. Also, the Leudeking Piret model has also been successfully used to predict substrate consumption during fermentation time.
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Schüttemeyer, D., A. F. Moene, A. A. M. Holtslag, and H. A. R. de Bruin. "Evaluation of Two Land Surface Schemes Used in Terrains of Increasing Aridity in West Africa." Journal of Hydrometeorology 9, no. 2 (April 1, 2008): 173–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/2007jhm797.1.
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Abstract In this study different parameterizations for land surface models currently employed in meteorological models at ECMWF [Tiled ECMWF Surface Scheme for Exchange Processes over Land (TESSEL)] and NCEP (Noah) are evaluated for a semiarid region in Ghana, West Africa. Both schemes utilize the Jarvis–Stewart approach to calculate canopy conductance as the critical variable for partitioning the available energy into sensible and latent heat flux. Additionally, an approach within Noah is tested to calculate canopy conductance based on plant physiology (A-gs method), where the photosynthetic assimilation is coupled to the leaf stomatal conductance. All parameterizations were run offline for a seasonal cycle in 2002/03 using observations as forcings at two test sites. The two locations are in the humid tropical southern region and in the drier northern region. For the purpose of forcing and evaluation, a new set of data has been utilized to include surface fluxes obtained by scintillometry. The measurements include the rapid wet-to-dry transition after the wet season at both sites. As a general trend, it has been found that during the wet period of a season net radiation is described well by all parameterizations. During the drying process the errors in modeled net radiation increased at both sites. The models perform poorly in simulating soil heat fluxes with larger errors for TESSEL for both sites. The evolution in time for sensible heat flux and latent heat flux was tackled in different ways by the utilized parameterizations and sites with enhanced model performance for the more southern site. Soil moisture in the upper soil layers is modeled with small errors for the different parameterizations. Key adjustments for reducing net radiation during the dry period of a season are discussed. In particular, the ratio of roughness length of momentum and heat was found to be an important parameter, but will require seasonal adjustments.
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Petrov, Mitko. "Modeling and Use of Inter-Criteria Decision Analysis for Selecting Growth Rate Models for Batch Cultivation of Yeast Kluyveromyces marxianus var. lactis MC 5." Fermentation 7, no. 3 (August 22, 2021): 163. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/fermentation7030163.
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Ten unstructured models of Monod, Mink, Tessier, Moser, Aiba, Andrews, Haldane, Luong, Edward, and Han-Levenspiel are considered in this paper to explain the kinetics of cell growth for batch cultivation of the yeast Kluyweromyces marxianus var. lactis MC 5. For the first time, two independent kinetic models are used to model the process for the two basic substrates—lactose and oxygen. The selection of the most appropriate growth rate models has been made through a new multi-criteria decision-making approach called the Inter-Criteria Decision Analysis (ICDA) method. The application of ICDA to the growth rate of lactose and oxygen alone has shown that there have been many correlations between the studied models. Thus, the models for the growth rate, depending only on lactose, are reduced to one—Monod model and there are two models—Monod and Mink—depending on oxygen only. Separate kinetic process models have been developed for the combination of Monod–Monod and Monod–Mink models. For the first time, in addition to the multiplicative form, the additive form of a specific growth rate has been studied. The comparison of the obtained results has shown that the additive form has shown better results than the multiplicative one. For this reason, the additive form of the Monod–Monod model will be used to model the process.
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Yang, Zhongping, Jiazhuo Chang, Xuyong Li, Keshan Zhang, and Yao Wang. "The Effects of the Long-Term Freeze–Thaw Cycles on the Forms of Heavy Metals in Solidified/Stabilized Lead–Zinc–Cadmium Composite Heavy Metals Contaminated Soil." Applied Sciences 12, no. 6 (March 13, 2022): 2934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12062934.
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Heavy metals (HMs) exist in nature in different forms, and the more unstable the form of an HM, the higher its toxicity and bioavailability. The content of HMs in stable fractions can increase significantly through the stabilization/solidification (S/S) technology. Still, external environments such as freeze–thaw (F–T) cycles will affect the stability of HMs directly. Therefore, a long-term F–T study of S/S Pb–Zn–Cd composite HM-contaminated soil was conducted under six conditions (0, 3, 7, 14, 30, and 90 cycles) with each F–T cycle process up to 24 h. The improved Tessier method was employed, and the results show that the S/S technology makes HMs transform to a more stable fraction. Still, the transformation efficiency is different for each HM. More than 98% of lead and zinc were converted to stable forms, while for cadmium, there are only 75.1%. Meanwhile, the S/S HMs were rapidly transformed into unstable forms at 0–14 cycles, but after 14 cycles, the transformation speed was significantly reduced. Among stable forms, it is mainly that the carbonate-bound fraction of HMs changes to unstable forms, and the characteristic peaks of carbonate stretching vibration were found at 874 cm−1, and 1420 cm−1 by Fourier infrared spectroscopy proves the presence of carbonate-bound substances. As a result of this study, the change trend of contaminated soil with S/S HMs under the effect of long-term F–T cycle was revealed, and the crisis point of pollution prevention and control was found, which provides some theoretical basis for the safety of soil remediation project.
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Echeverría, Jesús, Teresa Morera, and Julián Garrido. "Metal-induced chromium(VI) sorption by two calcareous soils." Soil Research 37, no. 3 (1999): 431. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/s98079.
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Competing anions, notably SO 2- 4 and H2PO- 4 , reduce Cr(VI) sorption; however, the role of cooperative cations in Cr(VI) retention has merited less attention. This research studied the effect of Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn on sorption of Cr(VI) in 2 calcareous soils: Calcixerollic Xerochrept (CX) and Paralithic Xerorthent (PX). Sorption kinetics and isotherms were combined with sequential extractions and fractional factorial designs. Most cation sorption took place during the first hour, whereas sorption of Cr(VI) was slower. Without the cooperative presence of these cations, no sorption of Cr(VI) was detected in the range 0–0·35 mM. Cd, Cu, Ni, and Zn augmented the sorption of Cr(VI) by the calcareous soils; however, in both soils the amount of Cr(VI) retained was much lower than cation sorption. In the presence of cation, sorption of Cr(VI) was first observed at an equilibrium concentration of 0·07 mM for the CX soil and 0·17 mM for the PX soil. For higher concentrations, sorption of Cr(VI) by both soils was described by a constant distribution isotherm. More than 80% of Cr(VI) sorbed by soils was extracted as a non-exchangeable fraction using the Tessier et al . sequential procedure. Fractional factorial designs indicated that although the 4 cations favoured sorption of Cr(VI), Cu had the greatest positive influence.
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Serbati, Sara, and Andrea Petrella. "La vicinanza solidale in contesti di vulnerabilità familiare. La partecipazione nella comunità come strada per ricostruire i tessuti sociali." Rivista Italiana di Educazione Familiare 18, no. 1 (June 19, 2021): 273–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/rief-9884.
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Family vulnerability is a particular social situation, characterised by high levels of relational complexity, with serious consequences for the fulfilment of the developmental needs of a child. In the framework of the P.I.P.P.I. Programme (Programme of Intervention for the Prevention of Institutionalisation), social support is intended as a form of solidarity between families that aims to help a family through the support of another family, or individuals. In order to face vulnerability and social exclusion, P.I.P.P.I. promotes the mobilisation of these resources. The paper is therefore focused on a case study based in Sondrio (Italy), carried out within the P.I.P.P.I. Programme. The professionals together with the researchers tested their understanding, also promoting dialogue-meetings with families. These dialogical and interactive contexts generated new and unexpected interpretations of this phenomenon, framing it into an educational process that meets the needs of children and families, and promoting community participation as a way to reconstruct local social networks as well.
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Zhang, Xu, Huanhuan Yang, and Zhaojie Cui. "Migration and speciation of heavy metal in salinized mine tailings affected by iron mining." Water Science and Technology 76, no. 7 (June 21, 2017): 1867–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2017.369.
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The negative effects of heavy metals have aroused much attention due to their high toxicity to human beings. Migration and transformation trend of heavy metals have a close relationship with soil safety. Researching on migration and transformation of heavy metals in tailings can provide a reliable basis for pollution management and ecosystem restoration. Heavy metal speciation plays an important role in risk assessment. We chose Anshan tailings for our study, including field investigations and laboratory research. Four typical heavy metal elements of mine tailings {Fe (373.89 g/kg), Mn (2,303.80 mg/kg), Pb (40.99 mg/kg) and Cr (199.92 mg/kg)} were studied via Tessier test in vertical and horizontal direction. The main speciation of heavy metals in Anshan tailings was the residual. However, heavy metals have a strong ability for migration and transformation in vertical and horizontal directions. Its tendency to change from stable to unstable speciation results in increasing bioavailability and potential bioavailability. Fe, Mn, Pb and Cr showed different ability in the migration and transformation process (Mn > Pb > Fe > Cr) depending on the characteristics of heavy metals and physicochemical properties of the environment.
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Zheng, G. D., T. B. Chen, D. Gao, and W. Luo. "Dynamic of lead speciation in sewage sludge composting." Water Science and Technology 50, no. 9 (November 1, 2004): 75–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2004.0539.
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A large-scale sewage sludge composting experiment was conducted to develop an understanding of changes that occur to Pb chemical speciation, distribution and bio-availability during the course of composting. The four-stage Tessier sequential extraction method was employed to investigate the dynamics of heavy metal Pb speciation (exchangeable, bound to carbonates, bound to Fe-Mn oxides, bound to organic matter and sulphides, residual) during the course of sewage sludge composting. The concentrations of the total Pb and the five Pb fractions concentrations were increased during the whole stage of compost. However, the percentages of Pb distribution with respect to total Pb were changed in the following manner: exchangeable, bound to Fe-Mn oxides and bound to carbonates Pb with respect to total Pb were increased, while the percentages of bound to organic matter and sulphides, and residual Pb with respect to total Pb were decreased during composting. The data showed that the quantity of Pb in the less toxic portion, such as consisting of organic matter and sulphides bound and residual Pb, was increased, and that the contamination and bio-availability of heavy metal Pb in sewage sludge was reduced during the composting process.
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Barella-Ortiz, A., J. Polcher, P. de Rosnay, M. Piles, and E. Gelati. "Comparison of measured brightness temperatures from SMOS with modelled ones from ORCHIDEE and H-TESSEL over the Iberian Peninsula." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 12, no. 12 (December 15, 2015): 13019–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-12-13019-2015.
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Abstract. L-Band radiometry is considered to be one of the most suitable techniques to estimate surface soil moisture by means of remote sensing. Brightness temperatures are key in this process, as they are the main input in the retrieval algorithm. The work exposed compares brightness temperatures measured by the Soil Moisture and Ocean Salinity (SMOS) mission to two different sets of modelled ones, over the Iberian Peninsula from 2010 to 2012. The latter were estimated using a radiative transfer model and state variables from two land surface models: (i) ORganising Carbon and Hydrology In Dynamic EcosystEms (ORCHIDEE) and (ii) Hydrology – Tiled ECMWF Scheme for Surface Exchanges over Land (H-TESSEL). The radiative transfer model used is the Community Microwave Emission Model (CMEM). A good agreement in the temporal evolution of measured and modelled brightness temperatures is observed. However, their spatial structures are not consistent between them. An Empirical Orthogonal Function analysis of the brightness temperature's error identifies a dominant structure over the South-West of the Iberian Peninsula which evolves during the year and is maximum in Fall and Winter. Hypotheses concerning forcing induced biases and assumptions made in the radiative transfer model are analysed to explain this inconsistency, but no candidate is found to be responsible for it at the moment. Further hypotheses are proposed at the end of the paper.
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Roos, Andreine Aline, Sueli Pércio Quináia, Adelmo Lowe Pletsch, and Ketty Priscila Maiara Gadelha dos Santos. "Especiação de metais em sedimentos de superfície de uma unidade de conservação: Refúgio Biológico de Santa Helena - Paraná." Revista Brasileira de Geografia Física 14, no. 5 (September 30, 2021): 2896. http://dx.doi.org/10.26848/rbgf.v14.5.p2896-2915.
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O Refúgio Biológico de Santa Helena (RBSH) é uma unidade de conservação banhada pelo reservatório de Itaipu, no oeste do Paraná, Brasil. Apesar de ser uma área protegida, seu entorno é passível de contaminação por diversas fontes antropogênicas, principalmente ligadas a agropecuária. Objetivo principal desse estudo foi determinar os teores e a biodisponibilidade dos íons metálicos (Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe e Cd) nos sedimentos do entorno do RBSH, por meio da estração sequencial de Tessier, no verão e outono de 2019, estações climáticas que apresentaram diferentes níveis de água do reservatório. As diferenças hidrológicas entre o verão e o outono promoveram um acúmulo de alguns íons metálicos nos sedimentos e a liberação de outros para a coluna da água de uma estação para a outra. Os maiores teores de íons metálicos nos sedimentos foram detectados na fração ligada aos óxidos e hidróxidos de Fe e Mn, independente da estação climática, provavelmente devido à origem basáltica dos solos da região. No entanto, nenhum dos íons metálicos ultrapassou o valor do PEL (nível de efeitos prováveis), indicando que apenas ocasionalmente são esperados efeitos adversos à biota. Os indicadores de qualidade dos sedimentos mostraram uma contaminação moderada por Cr e Pb, em virtude de contribuições antropogênicas. Metal speciation in surface sediments of a conservation unit: Biological Refuge of Santa Helena – Paraná A B S T R A C TThe Santa Helena Biological Refuge (RBSH) is a conservation unit bathed by the Itaipu reservoir, in western Paraná, Brazil. Despite being a protected area, its surroundings are susceptible to contamination by several anthropogenic sources, mainly linked to agriculture and livestock. The main objective of the study was to determine the levels and bioavailability of metal ions (Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, Fe and Cd) in the sediments surrounding the RBSH, through the sequential Tessier extraction, in the summer and autumn of 2019, which different levels of water in the reservoir. The hydrological differences between summer and autumn promoted the accumulation of some metal ions in the sediments and the release of others to a column of water from one season to the next. The highest levels of metal ions in the sediments were detected in the fraction linked to the oxides and hydroxides of Fe and Mn, regardless of the climatic season, probably due to the basaltic origin of the soils in the region. However, none of the metal ions exceeded the PEL value (level of probable effects), indicating that only occasionally adverse effects to biota are expected. The differentiated sediment quality indicators show moderate contamination by Cr and Pb, due to anthropogenic contributions.Keyword: sediments, metal ions, speciation, sequential extraction
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Bai, Taoping, Yu Chen, Wentao Jiang, Fei Yan, and Yubo Fan. "Studies on Foam Decay Trend and Influence of Temperature Jump on Foam Stability in Sclerotherapy." Vascular and Endovascular Surgery 52, no. 2 (November 26, 2017): 98–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1538574417741786.
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Objectives: This study investigated the influence of temperature jump and liquid–gas ratio on foam stability to derive the foam-decay law. Methods: The experimental group conditions were as follows: mutation temperatures (10°C, 16°C, 20°C, 23°C, 25°C, and 27°C to >37°C) and liquid–gas ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). The control group conditions were as follows: temperatures (10°C, 16°C, 20°C, 23°C, 25°C and 27°C) and liquid–gas ratios (1:1, 1:2, 1:3, and 1:4). A homemade device manufactured using the Tessari DSS method was used to prepare the foam. The decay process was videotape recorded. In the drainage rate curve, the temperature rose, and the liquid–gas ratio varied from 1:1 to 1:4, causing faster decay. Results: In the entire process, the foam volume decreased with increasing drainage rate. The relationships were almost linear. Comparison of the experimental and control groups shows that the temperature jump results in a drainage time range of 1 to 15 seconds. The half-life ranges from 10 to 30 seconds. The maximum rate is 18.85%. Changes in the preparation temperature yields a drainage time range of 3 to 30 seconds. The half-life varies from 20 to 60 seconds. Conclusion: Decreasing the temperature jump range and liquid–gas ratio gradually enhances the foam stability. The foam decay time and drainage rate exhibit an exponential function distribution.
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Ghilain, N., A. Arboleda, G. Sepulcre-Cantò, O. Batelaan, J. Ardö, and F. Gellens-Meulenberghs. "Improving evapotranspiration in land surface models by using biophysical parameters derived from MSG/SEVIRI satellite." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 8, no. 5 (October 14, 2011): 9113–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-8-9113-2011.
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Abstract. Vegetation parameters derived from the geostationary satellite MSG/SEVIRI have been distributed at a daily frequency since 2007 over Europe, Africa and part of South America, through the LSA-SAF facility. We propose here a method to handle two new remote sensing products from LSA-SAF, leaf area index and Fractional Vegetation Cover, noted LAI and FVC respectively, for land surface models at MSG/SEVIRI scale. The developed method relies on an ordinary least-square technique and a land cover map to estimate LAI for each model plant functional types of the model spatial unit. The method is conceived to be applicable for near-real time applications at continental scale. Compared to monthly vegetation parameters from a vegetation database commonly used in numerical weather predictions (ECOCLIMAP-I), the new remote sensing products allows a better monitoring of the spatial and temporal variability of the vegetation, including inter-annual signals, and a decreased uncertainty on LAI to be input into land surface models. We assess the impact of using LSA-SAF vegetation parameters compared to ECOCLIMAP-I in the land surface model H-TESSEL at MSG/SEVIRI scale. Comparison with in-situ observations in Europe and Africa shows that the results on evapotranspiration are mostly improved, and especially in semi-arid climates. At last, the use of LSA-SAF and ECOCLIMAP-I is compared with simulations over a North-South Transect in Western Africa using LSA-SAF radiation forcing derived from remote sensing, and differences are highlighted.
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Guedes, Vagner, Wilson Costa, and Ariane Caroline Ribicki. "Estudo químico de logo gerado num sistema anaeróbico de tratamento de efluentes de origem residencial." Tecno-Lógica 19, no. 2 (July 16, 2015): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.17058/tecnolog.v19i2.5203.
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processos biológicos aeróbios e ou anaeróbios que apresentam dispositivos de ordem variável e geram resíduos definidos como sólidos segundo a ABNT 10004/2004. Um dos dispositivos que podem estar presentes numa ETE que utiliza processo anaeróbio é o reator de manta de lodo. O objetivo deste trabalho foi de avaliar quimicamente a composição do lodo gerado num destes reatores através da fluorescência de raios X, pH, carbono orgânico (CO), matéria orgânica (MO), nitrogênio total Kjeldahl (NTK), relação C/N, capacidade de troca catiônica efetiva (CTC), relação CTC/CO, potássio (K), fósforo orgânico (PO), fósforo mineral (PM) e determinar a concentração de Cr, Cu, Ni, Ag, Fe, Mn, Zn, Pb, Cd e Ba nos extratos obtidos através do método de Tessier. Através da fluorescência de raios X, observou-se que a somatória das porcentagens dos elementos Al, Si, Fe, S, Ca, P, Ti, K e Zn está próxima de 99 %. Que os valores médios da MO, NTK e CTC são respectivamente 20,2%, 0,64 % e 19,6 cmolc kg-1, e que a disposição desse material no meio ambiente pode ser associada a algum risco devido às concentrações de ferro, manganês, zinco e cádmio, em presença de um redutor, ferro em presença de um oxidante e manganes em presença de pH=5 estarem acima do VMP da Resolução CONAMA 430 /11.
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Volkov, Ilya N., Viktoriya O. Zharkova, Yana Yu Karaseva, Еlena I. Lysakova, and Еlena V. Zakharova. "Sorption of 90Sr and 137Cs on clays used to build safety barriers in radioactive waste storage facilities." Nuclear Energy and Technology 7, no. 2 (June 24, 2021): 151–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/nucet.7.69930.
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The purpose of the work was to investigate the sorptive capacity of natural clay samples with respect to 90Sr and 137Cs to assess the possibility of using these as components of protective barriers at radioactive waste isolation facilities. Bentonite clays of the Zyryanskoye and Desyaty Khutor deposits and high-melting clay of the Kampanovskoye deposit were selected for the investigation. The capacity of clays for sorption through ionic exchange is characterized by the value of the cation exchange capacity (CEC). In the process of sorption experiments, all of the test clays displayed a high rate of extracting strontium and cesium radionuclides from aqueous solutions. It was shown that the sorption of 90Sr is affected by the content of montmorillonite in the samples: bentonite clays absorb up to 98–99% of the initial radionuclide content in the solution, while about 80% of strontium is sorbed by high-melting clay. Cesium is practically fully sorbed by the tested samples and the degree of sorption amounts to over 99%, the highest value of the distribution coefficient having been recorded for the Kampanovskoye sample (Kd = 5.0×103 cm3/g). The method of sorbed radionuclides fixation on the clay samples were identified by selective desorption using the modified Tessier methodology. It was shown that strontium ions are more mobile than ions of cesium up to 97% of which is retained by clays.
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Barella-Ortiz, Anaïs, Jan Polcher, Patricia de Rosnay, Maria Piles, and Emiliano Gelati. "Comparison of measured brightness temperatures from SMOS with modelled ones from ORCHIDEE and H-TESSEL over the Iberian Peninsula." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 21, no. 1 (January 23, 2017): 357–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-21-357-2017.
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Abstract. L-band radiometry is considered to be one of the most suitable techniques to estimate surface soil moisture (SSM) by means of remote sensing. Brightness temperatures are key in this process, as they are the main input in the retrieval algorithm which yields SSM estimates. The work exposed compares brightness temperatures measured by the SMOS mission to two different sets of modelled ones, over the Iberian Peninsula from 2010 to 2012. The two modelled sets were estimated using a radiative transfer model and state variables from two land-surface models: (i) ORCHIDEE and (ii) H-TESSEL. The radiative transfer model used is the CMEM. Measured and modelled brightness temperatures show a good agreement in their temporal evolution, but their spatial structures are not consistent. An empirical orthogonal function analysis of the brightness temperature's error identifies a dominant structure over the south-west of the Iberian Peninsula which evolves during the year and is maximum in autumn and winter. Hypotheses concerning forcing-induced biases and assumptions made in the radiative transfer model are analysed to explain this inconsistency, but no candidate is found to be responsible for the weak spatial correlations at the moment. Further hypotheses are proposed and will be explored in a forthcoming paper. The analysis of spatial inconsistencies between modelled and measured TBs is important, as these can affect the estimation of geophysical variables and TB assimilation in operational models, as well as result in misleading validation studies.
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Lombardi, Marco, Stefano Michelassi, and Corrado Betterle. "Conoscerlo per riconoscerlo: morbo di Addison con sindrome poliendocrina autoimmune di Tipo 2." Giornale di Clinica Nefrologica e Dialisi 25, no. 1 (March 19, 2013): 37–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2013.1000.
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Viene presentato un caso clinico di iposurrenalismo da morbo di Addison primitivo sviluppatosi dopo alcuni anni dalla comparsa di un morbo di Graves. Tale combinazione rappresenta una poliendocrinopatia autoimmune di tipo 2 (SPA-2). La SPA-2 è un processo autoimmune che coinvolge più tessuti endocrini (surrene, tiroide, pancreas) e non endocrini. Si ritiene che la sindrome si sviluppi in pazienti geneticamente predisposti con diversi pattern genetici del complesso maggiore di istocompatibilità MHC II. La SPA-2 è una malattia rara, avendo una frequenza di una persona affetta ogni 7000–8000 abitanti, prevale nel sesso femminile e compare a un'età media di circa 35 anni. L'iposurrena-lismo è caratterizzato da sintomi tipici (astenia, ipotensione ortostatica, calo ponderale, artromialgie, nausea, anoressia, iperpigmentazione cutanea), tuttavia non facili da interpretare, data la scarsa conoscenza della malattia. Nei casi non diagnosticati in tempo utile i sintomi possono peggiorare in rapporto a eventi stressanti che possono far precipitare i pazienti in una crisi addisoniana che può essere potenzialmente fatale. Iposodiemia, iperpotassiemia, iperazotemia, ipercalcemia associati ad aumentati livelli plasmatici di ACTH, renina, e bassi livelli di cortisolo, e alterati indici di epatolisi sono riscontri laboratoristici relativamente tardivi, così come possono esserlo i segni clinici di disidratazione. La storia naturale della malattia si manifesta attraverso varie fasi progressive: a) dapprima con presenza di autoanticorpi anti-surrene presenti anni prima all'esordio clinico, b) poi con un aumento della renina plasmatica e con la diminuzione dell'aldosterone plasmatico, c) poi con la successiva ridotta risposta del cortisolo allo stimolo con ACTH e.v. e d) infine con iperincrezione di ACTH, calo del cortisolo basale e presenza delle manifestazioni cliniche di iposurrenalismo. Il trattamento si basa sulla sostituzione ormonale degli organi endocrini coinvolti.
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Rubans’ka, Yuliya, and Gianfranco Franz. "Geografia del potere e grandi progetti urbani in una cittŕ dell'ucraina." ARCHIVIO DI STUDI URBANI E REGIONALI, no. 104 (October 2012): 123–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/asur2012-104008.
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L'evoluzione delle politiche di sviluppo urbano nel contesto europeo degli ultimi decenni č stata caratterizzata da modifiche strutturali nelle relazioni di potere: dal governo della cittŕ, incentrato sulla pianificazione urbanistica e il piano regolatore si č passati a forme piů o meno articolate e solo in parte pluraliste di governance urbana, grazie alle quali importanti gruppi immobiliari, immobiliaristi improvvisati e free-riders, importanti gruppi industriali alleati con le grandi centrali del credito e della finanza, hanno trovato maggiori consensi politico-culturali e minori difficoltŕ procedurali nel dirigere, imporre e realizzare grandi progetti di trasformazione urbana. La progressiva crescita del mercato immobiliare, sostenuto e drogato dal mercato finanziario, ha facilitato la proposizione e la realizzazione di GPU, almeno fino al 2007/2008, anno del crack finanziario occidentale, dal quale sono rimasti parzialmente immuni Paesi emergenti le cui economie non erano state ancora tanto profondamente modificate dal sistema finanziario di Stati Uniti ed Europa occidentale. Con differenze di scala e di magnitudo una folta schiera di cittŕ europee e nordamericane si sono impegnate nella realizzazione di GPU, seguite in questo processo dalle principali cittŕ di Paesi emergenti o di potenze in via di consolidamento (Pechino, Shangai, San Paolo, Cittŕ del Messico ecc.). Anche cittŕ piccole e medie si sono impegnate nella sfida di innovare e trasformare i propri tessuti, la propria economia e il proprio rango urbano, investendo in progetti affidati molto spesso alle cosiddette "archistar" internazionali o a societŕ di progettazione parti- colarmente avanzate sui temi della costruzione ecologica e del risparmio energetico. Il presente saggio propone un caso studio particolarmente interessante, caratterizzato da dinamiche precipue e non riscontrabili in molti altri contesti: le recenti trasformazioni urbane nella cittŕ di Dnipropetrovsk (Nipropetrovsk), capoluogo dell'omonima regione, una delle cittŕ principali dell'Ucraina dal punto di vista economico, politico e culturale.
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Magnaldi, S., and M. Ukmar. "La tomografia computerizzata nella diagnostica delle metastasi spinali." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 8, no. 2 (April 1995): 161–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099500800205.
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La TC si rivela di particolare utilità nello studio delle metastasi spinali che coinvolgono i tessuti molli paravertebrali, lo scheletro del rachide e lo spazio epidurale. L'esecuzione della TC prevede uno scout view o topogramma di localizzazione, sul quale si scelgono dei piani assiali focalizzati su un particolare livello. Le scansioni devono essere acquisite e documentate in modo da poter visualizzare sia le parti molli che le strutture scheletriche. Nelle maggior parte dei casi è sufficiente l'esame TC diretto; talora possono essere utili la TC dopo mezzo di contrasto per via endovenosa o la mielo-TC, come pure le ricostruzioni elettroniche su piani diversi da quello assiale. L'aspetto TC delle metastasi vertebrali, che sono le più frequenti, è multiforme e comprende l'osteolisi (che può essere lacunare, a tarlatura o infiltrativa), l'osteosclerosi (che può presentarsi sotto forma di orletto sclerotico, di nodulo sclerotico o di sclerosi diffusa), le deformazioni e i crolli vertebrali (che derivano dall'infiltrazione del tessuto osseo normale da parte del tessuto neoplastico, con conseguenti fratture patologiche) e lo sconfinamento extravertebrale nelle parti molli pre e paravertebrali e verso lo speco vertebrale. Le metastasi vertebrali presentano inoltre aspetti caratteristici per sede rachidea (più spesso multiple e a livello lombare) e localizzazione nell'ambito della singola vertebra (interessamento preferenziale del corpo vertebrale). Nella diagnostica delle metastasi vertebrali, la TC presenta sia vantaggi che limiti. I vantaggi, dovuti all'assenza di fenomeni di sovrapposizione, sono rappresentati dall'ottima dimostrazione di lesioni in «sedi difficili» per la radiologia convenzionale (peduncoli, processi trasversi o passaggio lombo-sacrale), dall'esatta valutazione della presenza e del numero delle lesioni, dalla migliore definizione della natura delle lesioni (valutazione densitometrica e potenziamento delle lesioni solide dopo mezzo di contrasto) e dal bilancio di estensione. I limiti della TC sono rappresentati dall'esposizione alle radiazioni ionizzanti, dalla qualità talora subottimale delle ricostruzioni elettroniche, dalla scarsa panoramicità e dall'insufficiente sensibilità (soprattutto per lesioni con estensione all'interno dello speco vertebrale) e specificità. La TC si pone in una posizione di passaggio tra le indagini cosiddette di primo livello, con scopi meramente diagnostici, e quelle di secondo livello, con finalità terapeutiche. La TC è utile, soprattutto per le lesioni ossee, nella valutazione morfologico-volumetrica della/e metastasi, nella definizione dell'estensione extravertebrale delle lesioni, nella guida alle biopsie e nell'eventuale controllo dopo radioterapia e riveste inoltre un ruolo importante nella pianificazione di ulteriori provvedimenti terapeutici (interventi chirurgici di decompressione e radioterapia).
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Caseldine, Chris. "Holocene book reviews : Potential ecological impacts of climate change in the Alps and Fennos candian mountains Edited by A. Guisan, J.I. Holten, R. Spichiger and L. Tessier, Geneva: Conservatoire et Jardin botaniques de la Ville de Genève, 1995, 194 pp., Sfr 19.6, softback. ISBN 2-8277-0112-x." Holocene 7, no. 2 (June 1997): 248–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095968369700700218.
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Kabir, Nihal Farhan. "Evaluating the Values of the Sheepish Slaves: A Synthetical Analysis of “The Lottery” and “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” in Light of Nietzsche’s Ruminations." International Journal of Literature Studies 2, no. 1 (June 12, 2022): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijts.2022.2.1.5.
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“The Lottery” by Shirley Jackson and “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” by Ursula Kroeber Le Guin are two stories depicting societies in which adhering to the traditionally imposed ‘scapegoating’ ritual ensures the prosperity of the majority of the population. Previous researches that analyzed the two texts, singularly or in tandem, predominantly emphasize the human capacity for evil as inherent in these communities through their traditions and some, admittedly, highlight the impact these traditions have on the individuals living in such communities. But no research has used the postulations of Friedrich Nietzsche in this regard. This paper intends to provide insight into this unexplored area by investigating the communities portrayed in the two stories, their respective traditional values and the community members in light of Nietzsche’s ‘master-slave morality.’ The purpose of this research is to find out how traditions exist in those communities, how these traditions are constituted by particular values, how these values are, in turn, enforced by these traditions, how those values correspond to the Nietzschean concepts, how the members represent different Nietzschean types, and how they respond to the aforementioned values. Thus, the theoretical framework is based on Nietzsche’s categorization of human beings into ‘master type and slave type’ categories as well as his theorization of ‘master-slave morality.’ Some definitional understanding of ‘tradition’, ‘master’ and ‘authority’ assist in this regard as well. The discourse of “The Lottery” as well as “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” has been considered in light of such theoretical and conceptual understandings to assess the dynamics of the communities they depict. This paper’s investigation of the communities & the members found in “The Lottery” and “The Ones Who Walk Away From Omelas” shows that – traditions existing in those societies enforce particular values & these values, in turn, sustain those traditions; some of the members, e.g. – Tessie, who protests against the stoning ritual & the ones in Omelas who show dissatisfaction with the child’s cruel treatment, can be categorized to be master types as theorized by Nietzsche and the ones to comply with the scapegoating process(es) can be categorized as slave types. This adherence by the slave types and the consequential peaceful prosperity implicates the values being discussed as Nietzschean slave values. This study further shows that the scapegoating ritual(s) is imbued with a utilitarian stipulation for the ‘greater good for the greater number’ which creates a moral judgment & this moral judgment is used by the slave types to justify their complicity in the seemingly required cruelty and by the community itself to dominate the master types, as a result of which the master types are faced with a duality of choices – to accept the traditions of their communities, or to leave.
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Quan, Qimin, Joe Wilkinson, Joshua Ritchey, Alaina Kaiser, John Geanacopoulos, and John Boyce. "MosaicNeedles: A tool for multi-omic liquid biopsy sensitivity and specificity enhancement." Journal of Clinical Oncology 39, no. 15_suppl (May 20, 2021): e15019-e15019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2021.39.15_suppl.e15019.
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e15019 Background: Liquid biopsy has evolved to be an important method complementary to tissue biopsy. It is not only non-invasive, but also has the potential to detect cancer in its earliest stages and monitor patients in remission. The integration of proteomics into liquid biopsy may transform the molecular diagnostics of cancer and accelerate basic and clinical oncology research. A recent study showed that adding just 8 protein biomarkers to a panel of circulating DNA biomarkers increased the diagnostic accuracy up to 98% sensitivity and 99% specificity. Proteomics also bridges the gaps of functional information lost due to post-transcriptional and post-translational modifications in the genomic approach. However, the proteogenomic approach normally requires the use of multiple different assay technologies and laboratory workflows, including mass spectrometry. Methods: NanoMosaic’s Tessie platform employs a densely integrated nanoneedle sensor array (thus named MosaicNeedles) which can be used to detect both nucleic acids and proteins in a single assay process with reduced workflow complexity, without the need for mass spectrometry. Results: The NanoMosaic platform is a label-free, digital, single molecule counting technology using nanoneedles. It achieves sub-pg/ml (̃fM) level sensitivity with 7 logs of dynamic range. An array of nanoneedles is densely integrated and manufactured with CMOS-compatible nanofabrication processes. Each nanoneedle is a single molecule biosensor that is functionalized with capture probes. The capture probe can be either an antibody for protein detection or an oligonucleotide with a specific target sequence to a DNA fragment, mRNA, or miRNA of interest. The scattering spectrum of each nanoneedle changes when an analyte binds to its surface. At low abundance, analytes that are captured can be quantitated by counting the presence or absence of a color change on each individual nanoneedle in a binary fashion. As an analyte concentration increases the binding events increase accordingly and achieve saturation. In this range, an analog analysis on the spectrum shift will be performed, thus providing a wider dynamic range, up to 7 logs. Ultrahigh level multiplex can be achieved by parallelizing each analyte specific sensing area without loss of sensitivity or dynamic range. A 10,000-plex study can be achieved with a total of 2.5 billion nanoneedles on a 50mm by 50mm consumable. In this consumable, a 2,000-plex proteome and 8,000 cell-free DNA fragments can be detected. Conclusions: In conclusion, a full proteogenomic quantification can be performed on the NanoMosaic platform in one reaction, with higher sensitivity, lower cost and higher throughput than is currently possible by traditional methods. In addition, the high-plexibility of the NanoMosaic platform allows the discovery of new biomarkers across the whole proteome without the need for mass spectrometry.
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Kucharczyk, W. "MRI of the Hypothalamic-Pituitary Region." Rivista di Neuroradiologia 7, no. 1 (February 1994): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/197140099400700101.
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La risonanza magnetica ha consentito un nuovo approccio diagnostico e una piu-approfondita conoscenza dei disordini di sviluppo, funzione e morfologia della regione ipotalamo-ipofisaria. L'intensità di segnale in RM è primariamente dipendente dal rapporto reciproco tra concentrazione di H2O e tessuti «solidi», rappresentati questi ultimi da macromolecole proteiche e lipidiche, fosfolipidi di membrana e glicolipidi. Sia la concentrazione che la struttura macromolecolare dei complessi ormonali presenti nell'ipotalamo e nell'ipofisi, come pure l'assenza o la presenza di sostanze paramagnetiche e ferromagnetiche ne influenzano il segnale in RM consentendo una discriminazione tra stati normali e patologici. L'ipotalamo è un regolatore cruciale di funzioni endocrine e vegetative. Esso contiene nuclei responsabili della sintesi dei «releasing hormones» diretti all'adenoipofisi attraverso il sistema portale, e i nuclei sopraottico e paraventricolare che sintetizzano ossitocina e vasopressina, trasportate lungo i processi assonali dei nuclei alia neuroipofisi. I complessi nucleari ipotalamici non so no chiaramente identificabili con la RM, mentre 1' Anatomia macroscopica dell'ipotalamo, del peduncolo ipofisario e della ghiandola ipofisi, distinta in lobo anteriore e posteriore, è riconoscibile in dettaglio. La chiarezza di dimostrazione di queste strutture è la ragione principale dell'utilità della RM nella diagnosi di patologie di questa regione. L'aspetto unico e peculiare dell'ipofisi alla RM è la drastica differenza di segnale, sulle immagini «pesate» in T1, tra lobo anteriore e posteriore nonostante la loro analoga concentrazione di acqua e macromolecole. In particolare è 1' alta intensità di segnale del lobo posteriore ad essere unica. Benché ancora non si sia giunti ad una accettabile spiegazione per l'alto segnale della neuroipofisi, va sottolineato come esso sia un marker diagnostico importante: esso è assente nel diabete insipido centrale, aiuta nel distinguere il diabete insipido dalla polidipsia primaria e può servire come indicatore di alterazioni disembriogenetiche. Il significato diagnostico dell'assenza dell'alto segnale della neuroipofisi si è modificato dalla prima osservazione di tale reperto nel diabete insipido centrale, reperto che inizialmente si pensava costante e indice sicuro di tale situazione patologica. Successivamente tale assenza e stata riscontrata in alcuni soggetti normali e in altri con diabete insipido nefrogenico. Per contro la sua identificazione in alcuni soggetti con diabete insipido centrale ha portato a concludere che la dimostrazione dell'iperintensita della neuroipofisi non indica necessariamente integrita funzionale dell'asse ipotalamo-ipofisario. Pertanto la RM è, al meglio, un'indagine qualitativa ma non in grado di esplorare la funzionalità ipotalamo-ipofisaria in modo quantitativo. La RM ha contribuito in modo sostanziale alia comprensione delle anomalie morfologiche ipofisarie riscontrabili nel nanismo ipotalamo-ipofisario. Adenoipofisi ipoplasica, peduncolo ipofisario sottile o assente e posizione ectopica della iperintensità della neuroipofisi sono l'insieme di anomalie riscontrabili in soggetti con deficit multiplo di ormoni ipofisari e nel 50% di soggetti con deficit isolato di ormone della crescita. Il rimanente 50% di questi ultimi presenta solo un'adenoipofisi ipoplasica. Molto probabilmente le forme più severe di nanismo ipotalamo-ipofisario sono legate ad un difetto di sviluppo embrionale dell'asse ipotalamo-ipofisario. La posizione ectopica della neuroipofisi sarebbe un indicatore di un errore nell'organogenesi che porta ad una mancata discesa dell'abbozzo neuroipofisario nell'interno della cavità sellare. Da ultimo, un basso segnale dell'adenoipofisi specie sulle immagini «pesate» in T2, dovuto a deposito di ferro, si rileva in pazienti talassemici post-trasfusi che sono spesso affetti da ritardo puberale correlabile all'ipopituitarismo. L'RM, in tal caso, si è dimostrata un utile test qualitativo della funzionalità gonadotropinica in quanto un maggior grado di ipointensità dell'adenoipofisi alla RM sembra correlabile con una scarsa risposta dell'LH al test di stimolazione con GnRH.
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Robertson-Tessi, Mark, Joel Brown, Maria Poole, Kimberly Luddy, Andriy Marusyk, Jill Gallaher, Jeffrey West, et al. "Abstract PR010: Evolutionary Tumor Board: Implementing dynamic personalized therapy using evolutionary theory and mathematical modeling for clinical decision support." Cancer Research 82, no. 10_Supplement (May 15, 2022): PR010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/1538-7445.evodyn22-pr010.
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Abstract The era of big data in oncology has led to the promise of precision medicine for individual patients. However, many therapy decisions continue to be made based on “one size fits most” approaches, primarily since there exist few theoretical and practical tools to deal with a patient’s data over time. In parallel with this growing interest in personalized medicine, cancer is being increasingly recognized as an eco-evolutionary system that adapts to treatments, suggesting that static therapy regimens are often doomed to eventual failure. Here, we present preliminary results from a novel pilot clinical trial (NCT04343365), the Evolutionary Tumor Board (ETB), which uses eco-evolutionary theory (based on experiments and modeling) to assist with clinical decision making for each patient. We developed an informational and computational framework for applying evolutionary therapy approaches to individual patients in a dynamic fashion, using their clinical data in real time. The framework relies on detailed data curation and imaging measurements for each patient, as well as a mathematical modeling approach that accounts for multi-lesion tumor growth, treatment-induced death, and the evolution of resistance. The models are calibrated by historical datasets of similar patients, as well as the patient’s own temporal data. We use a “Phase i trial” approach to account for prediction uncertainty and provide decision support for therapy options available to the patient at any given time point. Crucially, this is presented in a way that harmonizes with the treating oncologist’s intuition. Fifteen patients at Moffitt have been enrolled into the ETB, many of whom have proceeded through the entire process, including follow-up analysis. The ETB generated outcome predictions and therapy recommendations for each case, and subsequent follow-up predictions and recommendations. Our current results demonstrate that the ETB approach has provided both novel and useful decision support for the clinicians. At the same time, numerous opportunities for further research and development have been identified. Our efforts show that there are both challenges and opportunities in the area of personalized therapy, particularly in the context of real-time clinical care. Early results from the ETB show great promise for improving patient outcomes in cancer using mathematical modeling and evolutionary therapy. Citation Format: Mark Robertson-Tessi, Joel Brown, Maria Poole, Kimberly Luddy, Andriy Marusyk, Jill Gallaher, Jeffrey West, Matthew Johnson, Heiko Enderling, Rikesh Makanji, Joaquim Farinhas, Robert Gatenby, Damon Reed, Christine Chung, Alexander Anderson. Evolutionary Tumor Board: Implementing dynamic personalized therapy using evolutionary theory and mathematical modeling for clinical decision support [abstract]. In: Proceedings of the AACR Special Conference on the Evolutionary Dynamics in Carcinogenesis and Response to Therapy; 2022 Mar 14-17. Philadelphia (PA): AACR; Cancer Res 2022;82(10 Suppl):Abstract nr PR010.
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Schertzer, D., and S. Lovejoy. "EGS Richardson AGU Chapman NVAG3 Conference: Nonlinear Variability in Geophysics: scaling and multifractal processes." Nonlinear Processes in Geophysics 1, no. 2/3 (September 30, 1994): 77–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/npg-1-77-1994.
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Abstract. 1. The conference The third conference on "Nonlinear VAriability in Geophysics: scaling and multifractal processes" (NVAG 3) was held in Cargese, Corsica, Sept. 10-17, 1993. NVAG3 was joint American Geophysical Union Chapman and European Geophysical Society Richardson Memorial conference, the first specialist conference jointly sponsored by the two organizations. It followed NVAG1 (Montreal, Aug. 1986), NVAG2 (Paris, June 1988; Schertzer and Lovejoy, 1991), five consecutive annual sessions at EGS general assemblies and two consecutive spring AGU meeting sessions. As with the other conferences and workshops mentioned above, the aim was to develop confrontation between theories and experiments on scaling/multifractal behaviour of geophysical fields. Subjects covered included climate, clouds, earthquakes, atmospheric and ocean dynamics, tectonics, precipitation, hydrology, the solar cycle and volcanoes. Areas of focus included new methods of data analysis (especially those used for the reliable estimation of multifractal and scaling exponents), as well as their application to rapidly growing data bases from in situ networks and remote sensing. The corresponding modelling, prediction and estimation techniques were also emphasized as were the current debates about stochastic and deterministic dynamics, fractal geometry and multifractals, self-organized criticality and multifractal fields, each of which was the subject of a specific general discussion. The conference started with a one day short course of multifractals featuring four lectures on a) Fundamentals of multifractals: dimension, codimensions, codimension formalism, b) Multifractal estimation techniques: (PDMS, DTM), c) Numerical simulations, Generalized Scale Invariance analysis, d) Advanced multifractals, singular statistics, phase transitions, self-organized criticality and Lie cascades (given by D. Schertzer and S. Lovejoy, detailed course notes were sent to participants shortly after the conference). This was followed by five days with 8 oral sessions and one poster session. Overall, there were 65 papers involving 74 authors. In general, the main topics covered are reflected in this special issue: geophysical turbulence, clouds and climate, hydrology and solid earth geophysics. In addition to AGU and EGS, the conference was supported by the International Science Foundation, the Centre Nationale de Recherche Scientifique, Meteo-France, the Department of Energy (US), the Commission of European Communities (DG XII), the Comite National Francais pour le Programme Hydrologique International, the Ministere de l'Enseignement Superieur et de la Recherche (France). We thank P. Hubert, Y. Kagan, Ph. Ladoy, A. Lazarev, S.S. Moiseev, R. Pierrehumbert, F. Schmitt and Y. Tessier, for help with the organization of the conference. However special thanks goes to A. Richter and the EGS office, B. Weaver and the AGU without whom this would have been impossible. We also thank the Institut d' Etudes Scientifiques de Cargese whose beautiful site was much appreciated, as well as the Bar des Amis whose ambiance stimulated so many discussions. 2. Tribute to L.F. Richardson With NVAG3, the European geophysical community paid tribute to Lewis Fry Richardson (1881-1953) on the 40th anniversary of his death. Richardson was one of the founding fathers of the idea of scaling and fractality, and his life reflects the European geophysical community and its history in many ways. Although many of Richardson's numerous, outstanding scientific contributions to geophysics have been recognized, perhaps his main contribution concerning the importance of scaling and cascades has still not received the attention it deserves. Richardson was the first not only to suggest numerical integration of the equations of motion of the atmosphere, but also to attempt to do so by hand, during the First World War. This work, as well as a presentation of a broad vision of future developments in the field, appeared in his famous, pioneering book "Weather prediction by numerical processes" (1922). As a consequence of his atmospheric studies, the nondimensional number associated with fluid convective stability has been called the "Richardson number". In addition, his book presents a study of the limitations of numerical integration of these equations, it was in this book that - through a celebrated poem - that the suggestion that turbulent cascades were the fundamental driving mechanism of the atmosphere was first made. In these cascades, large eddies break up into smaller eddies in a manner which involves no characteristic scales, all the way from the planetary scale down to the viscous scale. This led to the Richardson law of turbulent diffusion (1926) and tot he suggestion that particles trajectories might not be describable by smooth curves, but that such trajectories might instead require highly convoluted curves such as the Peano or Weierstrass (fractal) curves for their description. As a founder of the cascade and scaling theories of atmospheric dynamics, he more or less anticipated the Kolmogorov law (1941). He also used scaling ideas to invent the "Richardson dividers method" of successively increasing the resolution of fractal curves and tested out the method on geographical boundaries (as part of his wartime studies). In the latter work he anticipated recent efforts to study scale invariance in rivers and topography. His complex life typifies some of the hardships that the European scientific community has had to face. His educational career is unusual: he received a B.A. degree in physics, mathematics, chemistry, biology and zoology at Cambridge University, and he finally obtained his Ph.D. in mathematical psychology at the age of 47 from the University of London. As a conscientious objector he was compelled to quit the United Kingdom Meteorological Office in 1920 when the latter was militarized by integration into the Air Ministry. He subsequently became the head of a physics department and the principal of a college. In 1940, he retired to do research on war, which was published posthumously in book form (Richardson, 1963). This latter work is testimony to the trauma caused by the two World Wars and which led some scientists including Richardson to use their skills in rational attempts to eradicate the source of conflict. Unfortunately, this remains an open field of research. 3. The contributions in this special issue Perhaps the area of geophysics where scaling ideas have the longest history, and where they have made the largest impact in the last few years, is turbulence. The paper by Tsinober is an example where geometric fractal ideas are used to deduce corrections to standard dimensional analysis results for turbulence. Based on local spontaneous breaking of isotropy of turbulent flows, the fractal notion is used in order to deduce diffusion laws (anomalous with respect to the Richardson law). It is argued that his law is ubiquitous from the atmospheric boundary layer to the stratosphere. The asymptotic intermittency exponent i hypothesized to be not only finite but to be determined by the angular momentum flux. Schmitt et al., Chigirinskaya et al. and Lazarev et al. apply statistical multifractal notions to atmospheric turbulence. In the former, the formal analogy between multifractals and thermodynamics is exploited, in particular to confirm theoretical predictions that sample-size dependent multifractal phase transitions occur. While this quantitatively explains the behavior of the most extreme turbulent events, it suggests that - contrary to the type of multifractals most commonly discussed in the literature which are bounded - more violent (unbounded) multifractals are indeed present in the atmospheric wind field. Chigirinskaya et al. use a tropical rather than mid-latitude set to study the extreme fluctuations form yet another angle: That of coherent structures, which, in the multifractal framework, are identified with singularities of various orders. The existence of a critical order of singularity which distinguishes violent "self-organized critical structures" was theoretically predicted ten years ago; here it is directly estimated. The second of this two part series (Lazarev et al.) investigates yet another aspect of tropical atmospheric dynamics: the strong multiscaling anisotropy. Beyond the determination of universal multifractal indices and critical singularities in the vertical, this enables a comparison to be made with Chigirinskaya et al.'s horizontal results, requiring an extension of the unified scaling model of atmospheric dynamics. Other approaches to the problem of geophysical turbulence are followed in the papers by Pavlos et al., Vassiliadis et al., Voros et al. All of them share a common assumption that a very small number of degrees of freedom (deterministic chaos) might be sufficient for characterizing/modelling the systems under consideration. Pavlos et al. consider the magnetospheric response to solar wind, showing that scaling occurs both in real space (using spectra), and also in phase space; the latter being characterized by a correlation dimension. The paper by Vassiliadis et al. follows on directly by investigating the phase space properties of power-law filtered and rectified gaussian noise; the results further quantify how low phase space correlation dimensions can occur even with very large number of degrees of freedom (stochastic) processes. Voros et al. analyze time series of geomagnetic storms and magnetosphere pulsations, also estimating their correlation dimensions and Lyapounov exponents taking special care of the stability of the estimates. They discriminate low dimensional events from others, which are for instance attributed to incoherent waves. While clouds and climate were the subject of several talks at the conference (including several contributions on multifractal clouds), Cahalan's contribution is the only one in this special issue. Addressing the fundamental problem of the relationship of horizontal cloud heterogeneity and the related radiation fields, he first summarizes some recent numerical results showing that even for comparatively thin clouds that fractal heterogeneity will significantly reduce the albedo. The model used for the distribution of cloud liquid water is the monofractal "bounded cascade" model, whose properties are also outlined. The paper by Falkovich addresses another problem concerning the general circulation: the nonlinear interaction of waves. By assuming the existence of a peak (i.e. scale break) at the inertial oscillation frequency, it is argued that due to remarkable cancellations, the interactions between long inertio-gravity waves and Rossby waves are anomalously weak, producing a "wave condensate" of large amplitude so that wave breaking with front creation can occur. Kagan et al., Eneva and Hooge et al. consider fractal and multifractal behaviour in seismic events. Eneva estimates multifractal exponents of the density of micro-earthquakes induced by mining activity. The effects of sample limitations are discussed, especially in order to distinguish between genuine from spurious multifractal behaviour. With the help of an analysis of the CALNET catalogue, Hooge et al. points out, that the origin of the celebrated Gutenberg-Richter law could be related to a non-classical Self-Organized Criticality generated by a first order phase transition in a multifractal earthquake process. They also analyze multifractal seismic fields which are obtained by raising earthquake amplitudes to various powers and summing them on a grid. In contrast, Kagan, analyzing several earthquake catalogues discussed the various laws associated with earthquakes. Giving theoretical and empirical arguments, he proposes an additive (monofractal) model of earthquake stress, emphasizing the relevance of (asymmetric) stable Cauchy probability distributions to describe earthquake stress distributions. This would yield a linear model for self-organized critical earthquakes. References: Kolmogorov, A.N.: Local structure of turbulence in an incompressible liquid for very large Reynolds number, Proc. Acad. Sci. URSS Geochem. Sect., 30, 299-303, 1941. Perrin, J.: Les Atomes, NRF-Gallimard, Paris, 1913. Richardson, L.F.: Weather prediction by numerical process. Cambridge Univ. Press 1922 (republished by Dover, 1965). Richardson, L.F.: Atmospheric diffusion on a distance neighbour graph. Proc. Roy. of London A110, 709-737, 1923. Richardson, L.F.: The problem of contiguity: an appendix of deadly quarrels. General Systems Yearbook, 6, 139-187, 1963. Schertzer, D., Lovejoy, S.: Nonlinear Variability in Geophysics, Kluwer, 252 pp, 1991.
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Neto, Dalk Dias Salomão, Nicole Moreira Faria Sousa, Carla Viana Dendasck, Amanda Alves Fecury, Euzébio de Oliveira, and Claudio Alberto Gellis de Mattos Dias. "Simile lavorare come schiavo nell’industria tessile brasiliana." Revista Científica Multidisciplinar Núcleo do Conhecimento, May 24, 2021, 28–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.32749/nucleodoconhecimento.com.br/scienze-sociali/textil-brasiliano.
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L’istituto della schiavitù è presente nell’umanità fin dall’inizio dell’esistenza dell’essere umano. La schiavitù in Brasile ha sostenuto l’economia per secoli. Milioni di africani sono stati prelevati dalla loro patria e collocati in condizioni degradanti di vita e di lavoro. Il processo di abolizione della schiavitù fu lungo e graduale. Ci sono stati secoli di molta lotta e sofferenza per il mondo per iniziare a rendersi conto del male che la schiavitù rappresenta. Anche dopo l’abolizione della schiavitù era comune vedere il lavoratore intrappolato sul campo dai debiti, o da leggi che autorizzavano i datori di lavoro in relazione al dipendente. L’obiettivo di questa ricerca era quello di analizzare le condizioni di lavoro analoghe a quanto schiavizzate nell’industria tessile brasiliana. È stato realizzato con revisione bibliografica e analisi qualitativa. A causa dei suoi nuovi vestiti il lavoro schiavo contemporaneo divenne invisibile per qualche tempo. I fattori che rendono possibile commettere questo crimine, anche se oggi è fondamentalmente legato a un treppiede: impunità, povertà e profitto. La situazione di miseria della popolazione più bisognosa li costringe a subire tipi di lavoro in condizioni subumane. Questi lavoratori tessili sono principalmente immigrati provenienti da paesi vicini e sottosviluppati dall’America Latina. Il Brasile è stato uno dei primi paesi al mondo a riconoscere questo tipo di lavoro, e che insieme all’Organizzazione Internazionale del Lavoro (OIT) e alle entità non governative ostriche cercano di combattere tale pratica criminale sul loro territorio.
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Millitarì, Roberto, Tatiana Bolgeo, Roberta Di Matteo, Menada Gardalini, Maurizio Scialla, Tiziana Nuovo, Valeria Bonato, Mara Lucia De Angelis, and Antonio Maconi. "L’infermiere esperto in procurement: ruolo nell’Azienda Ospedaliera di Alessandria." Working Paper of Public Health 10, no. 1 (November 30, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/wpph.2022.9549.
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Background: Tra le numerose figure professionali che partecipano al complesso e articolato processo di prelievo e trapianto di organi e tessuti, è sempre più presente la figura infermieristica. Ogni anno la Regione Piemonte trasmette alle singole aziende ospedaliere gli obiettivi in merito a donazioni e trapianti. L’obiettivo è quello di creare una procedura operativa aziendale per la corretta gestione del processo di donazione di cornee. Metodi. A novembre 2020 l'Azienda Ospedaliera ha nominato l'Infermiere Esperto in Procurement; Tra le sue funzioni e attività spiccano la sensibilizzazione e la formazione del personale dei reparti di degenza in materia di donazione di cornee. Risultati: La formazione è stata avviata nei vari reparti tramite degli incontri di gruppo; inoltre, è stato divulgato un Documento a Validità Aziendale (DVA 109/21) con l'intento di scandire le modalità del processo uniformando e semplificando le procedure. Conclusioni: La figura infermieristica diventa sempre più presente nel processo di donazione e trapianti. L'Infermiere Esperto in Procurement, grazie all'esperienza e alle competenze acquisite, gestisce collaborando con il gruppo di coordinamento l'intero processo di procurement di organi e tessuti.
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Manjarres-Pinzón, Katherine, Leonardo Barrios Ziolo, Mario E. Arias Zabala, Guillermo Correa Londoño, and Eduardo Rodriguez Sandoval. "Kinetic study and modeling of xylitol production using Candida tropicalis in different culture media using unstructured models." Revista Facultad Nacional de Agronomía Medellín 74, no. 2 (May 1, 2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.15446/rfnam.v74n2.92270.
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Unstructured models for cell growth, xylose consumption and xylitol production were applied for to describe the fermentation kinetics of xylitol production using Candida tropicalis in synthetic medium,and in non-detoxified oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) hydrolysate at 100 mL flask scale. In synthetic medium, the experimental maximum specific growth rate (μmax) and the cell mass yield factor(YX/S) were closer to the results of the Tessier model than those of the Contois and Monod models. Whereas, in non-detoxified OPEFB hydrolyzate, these parameters were closer to the results of the Contois model than those of the Tessier and Monod models. According to the models’ results, xylitol is mainly produced during the cell growth phase. The Tessier model in synthetic medium and Contois model in non-detoxified OPEFB hydrolysate had a coefficient of variation in growth kinetics of 32 and 33%, respectively. The significance of this study lies in simplifying the fermentation process through an unstructured and non-segregated model using three events at the same time, cell growth, substrate consumption and metabolite production.
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Lv, Ying, Liangshi Wang, Xingyu Liu, Bowei Chen, and Mingjiang Zhang. "Degradation kinetics of aromatic VOCs polluted wastewater by functional bacteria at laboratory scale." Scientific Reports 12, no. 1 (November 9, 2022). http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-21356-4.
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AbstractReaction kinetics in biodegradation process is the basis and key of bioremediation technology, which can be used to predict the interaction between microorganisms and environmental states in the system. In this study, the kinetic model (Monod, Moser, Tessier and Cotonis) and kinetic parameters of aerobic biodegradation of functional bacteria in simulated wastewater polluted by aromatic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were determined by shaking flask experiment. Monod, Moser, Tessier and Contois models were used to fit the experimental data and determine the kinetic parameters based on nonlinear regression analysis. Experimental results demonstrated that the removal rate of aromatic VOCs at 72 h was between 34.78 and 99.75% depending on the initial concentration of aromatic VOCs. The specific growth rate μ and degradation rate q increased with the increase of substrate concentration. The model of Monod, Moser and Tessier could be used to simulate microbial growth and substrate degradation in simulated aromatic VOCs polluted wastewater. Then the model and corresponding kinetic parameters were used to predict the limit concentration of biodegradation and provide theoretical support for the subsequent dynamic simulation and field engineering.
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Crisci, Alessandro, Carmela Rescigno, and Michela Crisci. "La membrana L-PRF e suoi derivati utili nella chirurgia del wound care/The L-PRF membrane and its derivatives useful in wound care surgery." Italian Journal of Wound Care 3, no. 1 (February 4, 2019). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/ijwc.2019.46.
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Il crescente settore multidisciplinare dell’ingegneria tissutale mira a rigenerare, migliorare o sostituire in modo prevedibile i tessuti danneggiati o mancanti per una varietà di condizioni causate da traumi, malattie e vecchiaia. Per garantire che i metodi per l’ingegneria tissutale siano ampiamente applicabili in ambito clinico, è necessario modificarli in modo da renderli prontamente disponibili e relativamente facili da usare nella routine clinica quotidiana. Pertanto, i passaggi tra la preparazione e l’applicazione devono essere ridotti al minimo e ottimizzati per renderli pratici e l’implementazione realistica. L’obiettivo generale di sviluppare concentrati piastrinici di origine naturale può essere prodotto vicino al paziente e accelerare il processo di impianto essendo finanziariamente realistico per il paziente e per il sistema sanitario. La fibrina ricca di piastrine (PRF) e i suoi derivati sono stati utilizzati in un’ampia varietà di campi medici per la rigenerazione dei tessuti molli. In conclusione, i risultati della presente revisione sistematica evidenziano gli effetti positivi del PRF sulla guarigione delle ferite dopo terapia rigenerativa per la gestione di vari difetti dei tessuti molli riscontrabili nel wound care.
Growing multidisciplinary field of tissue engineering aims to regenerate, improve or replace predictably damaged or missing tissues for a variety of conditions caused by trauma, disease and old age. To ensure that tissue engineering methods are widely applicable in the clinical setting, it is necessary to modify them in such a way that they are readily available and relatively easy to use in daily clinical routine. Therefore, the steps between preparation and application must be minimized and optimized to make them realistic implementation. General objective of developing platelet concentrates of natural origin can be produced close to the patient and accelerate the implantation process, being financially realistic for the patient and the health system. Fibrin rich in platelets and leukocytes (PRF) and its derivatives have been used in a wide variety of medical fields for soft tissue regeneration. In conclusion, the results of this systematic review highlight the positive effects of PRF on wound healing after regenerative therapy for the management of various soft tissue defects found in wound care.
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Sacchi, M. C. "Il Gel Piastrinico in chirurgia orale." Working Paper of Public Health 1, no. 1 (June 15, 2012). http://dx.doi.org/10.4081/wpph.2012.6777.
Full textAbstract:
Obiettivi: L’utilizzo topico di emocomponenti autologhi, il concentrato piastrinico (CP) ed il plasma povero di piastrine, rappresenta una delle strategie più innovative per modulare ed amplificare i processi di guarigione e di rigenerazione tessutale. Con questo studio si è dimostrato che l’applicazione del gel piastrinico, quando viene applicato in chirurgia orale ed in particolare nell’implantologia, è in grado di migliorare ed accelerare i processi osteogenetici; Metodologia: il CP, preparato a partire da un prelievo contenuto di sangue venoso (30-60 ml), viene attivato mediante una miscela di calcio gluconato e batroxobina (un enzima similtrombinico). Nell’arco di 3-5 minuti si ottiene un bioprodotto pronto per rilasciare in situ, verosimilmente, quei GFs fondamentali per la guarigione e la rigenerazione dei tessuti circostanti.; Conclusioni: il gel piastrinico, una biotecnologia efficace, semplice e dai costi contenuti, offre ai clinici l’opportunità di poter disporre di uno strumento innovativo atto a ridurre i tempi di guarigione e le complicanze post-operative, migliorando notevolmente la qualità di vita dei pazienti;
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Torricelli, Gian Paolo. "De l’usage d’une friche. Le Sanatorio di Medoscio (Canton du Tessin, Suisse)." Revue de géographie alpine, April 6, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4000/rga.5453.
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