Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Procès politiques – France – 20e siècle'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Procès politiques – France – 20e siècle.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
David, Julia. "Ni réaction ni révolution : La critique du progrès des intellectuels juifs depuis l'entre-deux-guerres : une voix française ?" Paris 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA010327.
Full textMichalak, Thomas. "Les Assemblées parlementaires, juge pénal : analyse d’un paradigme irréalisable : (1789-1918)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 2, 2020. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247218530.
Full textAt first glance, the title refers to the judicial activity of the Cour des pairs (1814-1848) and the Senate of the Third Republic (1875-1940). These are the most striking involvements of French legislative bodies in rendering justice. The trials of the ending Restauration ministers, and the one of Louis Malvy seem to be well known, but in reality these are only imperfectly so. In both cases, the upper house has turned away from its initial mission of legislator and supervisor of the government to transform itself, in a very incomplete way, into criminal courts. However, study only these two cases is not enough to define the mission of a parliamentary jurisdiction. The concept of Haute Cour de justice must therefore be understood in its entirety and in its history. A history which, like many others, is marked by the Revolution, which will influence the 19th and 20th centuries, and set a French prototype of political court. These Hautes Cours possess special competencies: ratione personae et ratione materiae. They judge politicians, but since the Revolution one foresees the difficulty of doing so with criminal law, which is hardly suited to the resolution of political disputes. Finally, the French Haute Cour is also a tribunal for major political crimes, namely, serious attacks on sovereignty. It is thereforce a question of recount the history of the “Tribunal supreme” in order to reveal the concept of political justice as an aporia
Salles, Marina. "Le Clézio "peintre de la vie moderne" : la représentation du monde contemporain, du "Procès-Verbal" à "Révolutions"." Poitiers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004POIT5014.
Full textAbou, Yazbeck Chantal. "Le bien saisi dans le procès pénal." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32019.
Full textThe penal procedure's role consists in leading to the truth manifestation in ordre to identify the possible guilty persons and to punish them for their acts. However, society cannot live if security and justice do not exist. This justify that the staff officers who are in charge to search and verify the infringements of the penal law have means to the necessary coercitions. Therefore, thez have the power to "seize" the particulars' goods (property). In democracy, the state must insure the citizens' protection so as the protection of the public interest. As we have already proven, the conciliation and the safeguard of these two interests: the public interest and the fundamental rights, two interests which are antagonistic and sacred, in a state of right, is not an obvious and simple work. All the way of our study, we have been able to ascertain that the common law has always been wavering between these two interests, trying to conciliate and safeguard them. In addition, it is the same when the seized good is the justice's disposition and used as a proof, to charge or discharge, in the penal proceeding; or when it is a matter of restoring the good, which is under the hand of the justice to the interested persons. As verified later, the attempt of the common law in the safeguarding and conciliation of the interests was not exemplary, it is not exempt from lacunas and certain contradictions and sometimes it wanders from the "good sense". Therefore, it is obvious that a reform in the depth of the French system of the penal procedure is indispensable. A reform of the base is required
Flonneau, Mathieu. "L'automobile à la conquête de Paris, 1910-1977 : formes urbaines, champs politiques et représentations." Paris 1, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA010507.
Full textBoyd, Marie-Pierre. "Crises politiques, images des femmes et représentations du pouvoir." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHES0116.
Full textBecause the women, as critical group, act preferently on the public scene during the troubles and disorder’s periods, it can be interesting to ask if the political crisis that France has known during the XXth century (1936, 1940-1945, 1968) have been decisive for their access to citizenship and the political capacity. Is the political crisis favourable to the women? Have these crisis transformed the social sex relationships? Have they broken the historical linearity? Women’s images, imaginary production, can help to determinate it. We can consider indeed that images contain “the substance of politics”: they explain and justify a power’s representation that traditionally excludes women from the public, institutional and real power. In other words, images show not only how the women are thought in the political and social organization but too how this organization is thought itself, that is to say, which are its main values and principles. If we examine more particularly women’s images during the crisis time – considered as a crisis of the traditional’s power representation – we can show a coincidence between women’s political power exclusion and a process for restablishing order. We have to question this coincidence. A reflexion about the recent French law for political parity complete this sociological research
Duboscq, Jean-Bernard. "Identité de l'espace local et politiques municipales : le gouvernement des petites villes dans le département du Gers." Bordeaux 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986BOR1D312.
Full textSocietes et espaces locaux sont dependantes des degres variables d'adaptation aux contraintes territoriales peripheriques. En ce sens, la constitution de l'identite de l'espace local peut etre vue comme le produit, ou l'interface, de ces deux dimensions mises en correlation. The social and political contents of the notion of "local" can be analysed, with a dynamic outlook, on the basis of the consideration of the relations between a society and its territory. Those relations are considered according to their effects upon the practices at local government level. The observation of innovating dimensions within local systems induces the differenciation of types of situations: permance vs change. It is possible to underline the factors wich contribute to the development of the main endogeneous or exogeneous stakes in every local system. The analytical perspectives in order to survey the general and particular stakes make it possible to understand the constituent dimensions of identity-functional as well structural - of local territories. The choice of discriminant variables (size, structure, functions, constraints) in the working out of the sample (6 small towns of the gers department, showing similar cha- racters within the local urban framework) aims at a comparative analysis
Tournié, Vincent. "Monnaie, épargne et crises politiques dans la France du XXe siècle." Paris 7, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA070052.
Full textThis thesis devoted to the study of savings and savers of French Savings Banks confronted with a highly specific type of crisis. Indeed Wars, industrial unrest, and international crises ail had an influence on the movement of funds ranging from a reluctance to make deposits to the most uncontrolled forms of bank runs. Accordingly, we then focused their attention more specifically on the relationship between savings and political crises, and we set out to understand this mechanism that created the most serious difficulties for the Caisses d'Epargne, leading to massive withdrawals and seriously jeopardizing the accounts of the French savings banks. The principal aim of this thesis is to show that it is the freezing of accounts, or the possibility of seeing their accounts frozen, due to crises that trigger a reaction on the part of savers. We are going to demonstrate that savers, when faced with this type of crisis, attempt to transform their savings into what they consider the safes form of money, i. E. Paper money. We want to show that a bank run within the framework of a political crisis is a perfectly rational and coherent way to respond to the crisis. The transformation of bank money into paper money represents the transfer of financial resources from one form of money into another form, considered more secure
Doidy, Éric. "La vulnérabilité du sujet politique : régimes de proximité dans les arènes d'engagement public." Paris, EHESS, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002EHESA053.
Full textThis work examines how contemporary figures of public engagement (such as militancy and political participation) are based on engagements rooted in proximity. But because the civic stance was historically built in France upon detachment, this involves important tensions. The moments of engagement in proximity or familiarity are seen as moments where the posture of political subject tends to disappear. This work examines, through an empirical research both in the urban and rural worlds, different figures of this vulnerability
Le, Louerec Pierre. "L'instrumentalisation des politiques sociales, un obstacle à la collaboration professionnelle : l'exemple des techniciens-conseils et des travailleurs sociaux dans les C.A.F." Rennes 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010REN20046.
Full textIn the first decade of the Caisse des Allocation’s (CAF or family allowance fund) existence, Pierre Laroque, one of the founders of the French Social Security system, emphasised the importance of social action to “humanise arid regulations”. The present thesis aims at showing that the “political complementarity” which aims at reconciling the principle of equality (the reaffiliation function of the social worker) with that of equity (the conformation function of the technicianadvisor) has become technical, instead of political. Although the theme of “professional complementarity” has reemerged in the last decade, the meaning of this notion is no longer the same. Increasing use of management methods oriented functional efficiency and best economic performance of the system of production in fact hampers effective professional contribution and collaboration. More particularly, this race towards rationalisation and optimisation instrumentalises work, reducing the professional’s role to that of a tool for achieving the entity’s productivity aims. As a result, social work is subordinated to the logic of management’s operational techniques. While the situation of the CAF beneficiaries become more and more complex, two major obstacles prevent achieving “professional complementarity”. Firstly, the management approach of reducing responsibility to simply executing tasks does not facilitate reinvestment of the process of rearticulating competences that defines the “political complementarity” and that enables collaboration. Secondly, the principle of métier as the foundation of professional contribution – which allows implicit, reciprocal analysis of competences – tends to be cancelled. In other words, collaboration is essentially reduced to a simple socio-technical coordination defining missions and responsibilities. Therefore, the framework for necessary negotiation of professional roles and functions is no longer adequate to reinvest in the best process of allocation of competences, i. E. Complementarity, although it is institutionally recognised as a goal
Gemignani, Saxstad Pascale. "La France, le pétrole et le Proche-Orient de 1939 à 1958." Paris 4, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040222.
Full textSince its creation in 1924, the Companie française des pétroles (C. F. P. ) has played a fundamental role in the establishment and implementation of French oil policy based on its 23. 75% share of Iraqi oil owned by France since the San Remo agreements in 1920. When entering the oil race, the c. F. P. Came up against the English and the Americans who wanted to keep their control over the French market and were not willing to share the abounding oil fields in the near and middle east. Thus, after the signature of the armistice between Vichy and Germany in 1940, the allies sought to expel Vichy and the free French forces from the near east, and the C. F. P. From its share of Iraqi oil. The C. F. P. , supported by the French government, endeavored by all means to regain its role in the Iraq petroleum company (I. P. C. ) and in the near east between 1945 and 1948. Not only did the C. F. P. Fight to recuperate its share of confiscated war goods, but it also sought to exploit its part of Iraqi oil and to increase the capacity of the pipelines crossing Syria and the Lebanon. The C. F. P. Had to therefore satisfy the necessary reconstruction requirements and give France the means to achieve independence as regards energy. Between 1948 and 1958, under the combined effect of Arab nationalism exacerbated by the creation of the state of Israel, the expansion of the cold war to the near east, France’s open support to Israel and the Algerian war, the foundations of the C. F. P. Oil policy were thrown into question
Sainclivier, Jacqueline. "Permanences et ruptures en Ille-et-Vilaine (1918-1958) : aspects politiques et sociaux." Rennes 2, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990REN20009.
Full textGrandhomme, Virginie. "L'action pour répertoire : socialisation militante et processus de politisation par l'expérimentation en milieu contestataire." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT2039/document.
Full textThis research investigates the process of recruitment, training and politicization of activists in an contestying context, using both participative observations and interviews with four non-conventional political organizations, conducted from ethnographical and comparative perspectives. The detailed study of activists practices shows that the action choices made by the organizations respond as much to the search of political goals as to internal considerations aiming at maintaining the individual and collective commitment in the group. The analysis of frameworks used by protest groups unveils a mechanism of sensitization to collective action and active politicization that depends on the dispositions and indispositions of activists whose commitment is characterized by defiance towards the principle of delegation. Thus, the protest framework reveals to be the most adept at providing activists with the incentives and rewards, both individual and collective, necessary to confirm their commitment. By demonstrating that nonconventional organizations are political enterprises “like others” and that they owe their particularities to the social characteristics of the “dominant-dominated” which constitute the major part of their activist base, this thesis contributes to an analysis of the process of commitment (career) and politicization that transforms individual militant intentions into a collective political perspective
Le, Noe Olivier. "Socio-histoire des politiques sportives (1940-1975) : genèse d'un groupe de spécialistes de l'administration d'Etat des activités sportives et structuration du service public du sport." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010356.
Full textBouet, Aurélien. "Jacques Kayser, un républicain radical au 20e siècle : 1900-1963." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993IEPP0010.
Full textThe career's study of politician and reporter led by Jacques Kayser (born in 1900 and Alfred Dreyfus' nephew) from him joining the "radical party" in 1921 and him dying in 1963 allows first to illustrate his action within his political team : he is one of the main spokesmen of the "Young Turks" tendency in the early 30s ; between 1934 and 1938, he is one of the dey left-wing radical trend leaders (noteworthy, he contributed to the writing of "popular front" oath); in april 1946, he led the minority hostile to the right-wing orientation of his party; he is finally one of the "Mendes" tendency animators within it between December 1955 and May 1957. It gives also the opportunity to show that Kayser illustrates well these 20th century "radical" politicians, who stayed faithful for all their life to the ideal of a peaceful, parliamantary, laic and social republic. This remarkable faithfulness contributes without doubt to explain his progressive political marginalisation as of 1946
Troger, Vincent. "Histoire des centres d'apprentissage, 1939-1959 : les enjeux économiques, politiques et culturels de la constitution de l'enseignement technique court." Paris 4, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1990PA040154.
Full textThe existence of apprenticeship centers, which are actually called "lycées professionnels", was linked both to long term phenomena and events connected with a series of exceptional situation. To succeed in doing the schooling of apprenticeship, the state was steadily supported by the employers of metallurgical industries who needed schools for the training of workers. But the history of apprenticeship centers was also influenced by the intense political tensions of the period between 1939 and 1948, which made workers-training a key factor and contributed towards building up the identity of this institution amid strong contradictions between their professional and socio-cultural aims
Foulard, Camille. "Les congregations enseignantes françaises au Mexique (1840-1940) : politiques religieuses, politiques de laïcisation et enjeux internationaux." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010509.
Full textJacq, François. "Pratiques scientifiques, formes d'organisation et representations politiques de la science dans la france de l'apres-guerre la "politique de la science" comme enonce collectif (1944-1962)." Paris, ENMP, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996ENMP0697.
Full textThe thesis examines post world war-ii scientific and technological development and provides a demonstration on the bais of a series of monographs - as to how a reconstruction of the science scene was forthcoming, to keep abreast of a new world-wide scientific context. Four case-studies are reviewed: the physics-chemistry laboratory of the compagnie de telegraphic sans fil (csf), the research center for macromolecules based at strasbourg, the setting up of the commissariat a l'energie atomique, and, finally, the scientific services of the armed forces. Each study throws light on a different modus operandi of the scientists involved, combining various forms of scientific practice, organisation and public science policy concepts: industrial leaders with advanced technology projects, scientific entrepreneurs, major programmes, the armed forces' scientific services. As of the late forties. Such options per se compete yet constitute the various facets of a need expressed via the science policy the thesis shows how this idea was developed, step by step, and enhanced with respect to the four logics, each proposing a solution to the problem of organisation and implementation of the said science policy. The descriptive sections move on to a dual reading: a typology of the french context enabling a more detailed understanding of the decisions taken and a novel chronology of the scientifc reconstruction process, this throwing light on relevant evolutionary parameters. In order to characterise the science policy role, a collective definition is introduced. The latter, one one hand, suggests how scientists, industrialists, military executives or political leaders were mobilised, leading to the major structural reforms embodied in the fifth french republic andon the other hand underscores the collective impetus in the domain of innovation, whereby france adapted its structures to post-war scientific realities, this running counter to opinions commonly-held among historiographers
Bouvier, Des Noës François. "Procédures politiques du règne de Louis XI. Le Procès de René d'Alençon Comte du Perche." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040241.
Full textThe trial of René d'Alençon (1481-1483) is the trial of a prince of the Blood and apanagist. He was the son of Jean, duke of Alençon, twice condemned to death and twice his condemnation was changed to imprisonment. The succession of his father to the duchy of Alençon was the main matter of the dispute between René and Louis XI. This latter ordered René to be arrested before he escaped to Brittany and made him imprisoned at Chinon where he was questioned by a royal commission. Then he was transfered to Vincennes for his trial by the Parliament of Paris. This one did not find him guilty of crime of lese-majesty. So he was condemned at a minor punishment at the great displeasure of the king. Last episode of the struggle of Louis XI against his high vassals, this trial is the testimony about the last years of his reign and of the difficult relationship between the king and the Parliament. The transcription of the trial's report is the matter of volume II of this thesis
Schneider, Christian. "Les complots politiques sous la Terreur blanche (1815-1818)." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010545.
Full textNoailles, Mikaël. "La construction d'une économie touristique sur la Côte Aquitaine des années 1820 aux années 1980 : politiques d'aménagement, pratiques sociales et développement local." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30047.
Full textThis study of modern tourism covers a long time – from its birth to its peak. It investigates the very roots of today’s tourism in Aquitaine, through tourism-related regional development, which has been its irretrievable indication from the beginning, but it also examines the social, political and economic environment. It is essential to study how democratization and massification have brought tourism from the fringe to the heart of the region’s political and socioeconomic system. In fact, the period from the1820’s to the 1980’s corresponds to a phase of construction, organization and change for that activity. Tourism tends to become an organized, increasingly prestigious socioeconomic sector. The emerging and developing tourism system generates an economy in the first sense of the word: the art of running and managing an activity. The effects of that long period of deep change were the organization of the tourism sector with a network of varied actors, as well as modifications in the tourists’ practices. Tourism, once a complementary activity, becomes an autonomous economic sector, which contributes to local development – a proof of its assertion and legitimating process. This paper also studies the evolution in the identity of the côte des Landes de Gascogne, then of the côte d’Argent, and eventually of the Côte Aquitaine – three terms naming the same place, but tallying with three distinct identity periods which make up the originality of the littoral. Indeed, regional identity, social practices, regional planning politics and wills for local development, have interacted on that coast with more or less power, impelled by more or less powerful and organized actors
Melki, Mickaël. "Les interactions directes et indirectes entre idéologie et croissance économique : Cinq essais appliqués au cas français,1870-2011." Paris 1, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767439.
Full textBouju, Marie-Cécile. "Les maisons d'édition du Parti communiste français 1920-1956." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0026.
Full textIn 1920, The Librairie de L'Humanité, established in 1905, plan to educate first French communists as professionnal revolutionaries. Then, le FCP take over the Library from two publishing houses : the Bureau d'éditions in 1926 and the Eitions sociales internationales in 1927. A that time, Komintern's publishing Service set the same politic litterature to the national sections. The FCP construct a harsch view about reading. From1930, it attacks popular novels. At 1935, FCP'S running take over his own publishing services. The catalogue aim to readership more extensive and is made up of more various editorial genres. The publishing houses aim to distribution by bookshop's network. Even if the FCP expect intellectuals to be go-between, they have not a central function in theses publishing houses. The World War two confirm publishing houses' duties, to train militants and to keep politic cohesion of the FCP. At the Libération, the FCP give priority to his press. With the economic crisis of publishing and the biginning of the Cold War, the FCP‘s publishing houses enter into a difficult period. The FCP reorganize his editorial system, with Editions sociales and Editeurs français réunis, and then Cercle d'art in 1950 and La Farandole in 1955. At the end of the Cold War, the results are bad. The publishing houses suffer from a real isolations in the publishing world. The FCP fight always for a useful function of reading. The reading as entertainment is defending by alone communist intellectuals
Salem, Nabil. "L'Islam en France à travers la presse française de 1983 à 1993 : aspects politiques et religieux." Lille 3, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994LIL30011.
Full textThe establishment of muslim maghribin immigrants in france preoccupies seriously the french opinion during the nineteen aighties. The problem seens to be particularly religious. We could not pretend that there exists no hostility towards the settlement of islam in france, because islam is probably so oblig event in french history that it is difficult to un derstand and control its machanism. National press analyses, trats and qualifies the muslim religious activity as an activist movement
Coudé, Marie. "Les relations politiques et économiques entre la France et ses Établissements de l'Inde de 1947 à 1963." Paris 1, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA010585.
Full textLa, Burgade Denis de. "La vie privée des hommes politiques." Paris 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA010335.
Full textColas, Jean-François. "Les droites nationales en Lorraine dans les années 1930 : acteurs, organisations, réseaux." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100151.
Full textIn Lorraine, in the 1930's, right-wing political parties did not manage to organize themselves durably and thoroughly but they were represented by numerous elected members, who resisted the push of left-wing parties, notably in 1932 and 1936. The republican Federation did not succeed in giving a concrete expression to its project to set up a solid organization. The « national » then got organized in punctual groupings from 1934 onward in several cities. The activits militated in Action française or in the patriotic Youths at the beginning of the 1930's. After february 6, 1934, Francisme, the Solidarité française, chiefly in the Moselle, and above all the Croix de feu expended unquestionably. Farmers also got organized, even if countrysides remained quiet altogether. Leagues' activists adhered to the parties which succeeded in the dissolved leagues in 1936. However, the P. S. F. Was the only party which evolved into a large scale party. Militants also took part in local assemblies in order to fight communism : the Front lorrain and the R. N. L. . Local leaders from the Croix de feu and later the P. S. F. Were related to other « national » organizations. Their background was similar : they were right-wing men, war veterans, reserve officers and Catholics. But they eventually obeyed La Rocque when he enjoined them to become independant. The P. S. F was then exposed to the hostility of other political groups from 1937 onward. The Croix de feu and the P. S. F. Could rely on the support of local newspapers, elected representatives, manufacturers and Catholics'spokesmen. However, notables reluctantly accepted La Rocque's electoral strategy. Lorraine political life evolved toward radicalisation and bipolarisation. Several MPs were related to leagues. They were connected to conservative Catholics, as were the leagues. They fought the same opponents : freemassons and left-wing parties. Anticommunism federated the « national », including certain activits opposed to the republican system. Representatives and notables of the republican Federation, implacable opponents to Front populaire, mixed with these militants. Xenophobe ideas spred, partly inspired by anti-german feelings. Never the less, other MPs remained moderate and the P. S. F ; appears as a centrist party. The « spirit of Lorraine » explains both anticommunism and national' mistrust of Germany, even if many accepted the Munich agreeement
Winock, Michel. "Crises et idées de crise en France, 1871-1968 : [thèse soutenue sur un ensemble de travaux : rapport de présentation des travaux]." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987IEPP0020.
Full textThe studies presented in "Crisis and ideas on crisis in modern France (1871-1968)" do not deal with individual beliefs and works but with political ideas and their historical evolution; with trends of public opinion, intellectual currents and political myths, the concept of "crisis" being analyzed as a central notion. The origin of these studies goes back to "La Republique se meurt (1956-1958)" (1978). In this book, i analyzed the attitude of my generation towards the ultimate crisis of the French Fourth Republic. In 1956-1958, the notion of crisis was not related to economics any longer, but t9o politics only. Through various topics (Esprit, a French review, socialism in France, French intellectuals, anti-americanism, etc. ). I also described politics as an independent concept. As for la fievre hexagonale (1986), it is both a synthesis and a theoretical analysis about French political crises. According to me, the lasting instability of the French political system, wich goes back to the French Revolution, is due mainly to the evolution of a major religious conflict about the role of the roman Catholic Church within the French society
Deschodt, Pierre-Jean. "Maurras dans la republique et la republique des lettres contribution a l'histoire des idees politiques sous la troisieme republique." Paris 4, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA040009.
Full textHighly criticized or suspected of the worst by some, admired and acknowledged by others, too often neglected, charles maurras is displayed here, among the most outstanding minds of this century. Thanks to the publication of a correspondence that edifies as much by the content of the letters as by the quality of their authors, we can situate or put back in his context this intricate and extraordinary rich personality. Some friedship or other - gide, poincare, herriot, malraux - was already well-known. People would guess it. They would sense something or speak about it. They would evoke it or envisage it. Nevertheless, we were short of evidence and stuck on rumours, vague echoes of the collective memory. Who could have thought this correspondence were so dense ? and if some had an idea about it, illustrations were quite lifeless. In this thesis, through maurras, we have socialists and liberals gathered, as well as writers and critics, historians and politicians, people belonging to universities and academies. They all witnessed the indisputable influence and the powerful intellectual attraction this free man exerted on the world of politics, literature and arts. The history of sources testifies to it
Leleux, Marc. "Condition et attitudes sociales et politiques des sans-travail et des travailleurs précaires dans le département du Nord de 1848-2002." Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30043.
Full textPinon, Stéphane. "Les réformistes constitutionnels des années trente : aux origines de la Ve République." Tours, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002TOUR1004.
Full textBouchet, Julien. "le combisme dans la France du début du XXème siècle : pratiques de pouvoir, réceptions et dissensions." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF20018.
Full textPuyaubert, Jacques. "Georges Bonnet, 1889-1973 : étude biographique." Bordeaux 3, 2001. http://federation.unimes.fr:8080/login?url=http://books.openedition.org/pur/21149.
Full textThis biography of Georges Bonnet, a twentieth century French politician, who was a radical minister between the wars, retraces the path of a pacifist. The aim of this study is to show the earlines of his ideological commitment as well as the steadiness of his efforts to find a social concensus and to take the heat out of the handling of international relations. His particulary long political carreer can be accounted for by his deep roots in Périgord. This controversial figure, whose surface opportunism was only a way to make his deep convictions triumph, distorted his own picture by being so conscientious a defender of the Munich conference
Remy, Isabelle Patricia. "Sport et politiques municipales : étude comparative des options idéologiques et des stratégies sportives de Saint-Denis et Neuilly-sur-Seine au cours du XXe siècle." Paris 5, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA05H022.
Full textSaint-Denis and Neuilly-sur-Seine, municipalities of Parisian suburbs, show their lasting antagonistic political obedience, through the means and ways of testing the reality of the concomitant and close connection that exists between a specific political ideology and the elaboration of sports strategies. The methodology used lies in a comparative analysis of documentary corpus based on municipal archives, allowing to show- over a century- the logics of the sports policy, their ruptures and continuity, while taking into account their particular goals, through their sociopolitical composition, their sports urban spaces and the offer of sporting and physical activities. The political reflexivity on the social field witnesses the emergence of an interventionist pattern for the communist town of Saint-Denis and a non-interventionist one for Neuilly-surSeine, higMy representative of right-wing liberalism
Fondraz, Ludovic. "Les groupes parlementaires au sénat sous la cinquième République." Paris 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997PA010288.
Full textNowadays, political groups occupy an essential part in our parliamentary institutions, but their own existence was contested for a long time because they were considered contradictory with the representative system which does not admit any division in the representation. After a slow evolution, the groups established their places in our parliamentary system, and besides their reglementary recognition, they accede, in 1958, to the constitutional consecration, even if it's only implicit. However, one only needs to look at the disposition of the rows in the two assemblies to notice that, if there are some similarities between the groups in the two chambers of the parliament, there are also many differences. The appearance of the majority logic in the senate's debates, at the beginning of the 1980s, oblige the high assembly to reconcile its usual policy of saving the independence of the parliamentary mandate with the practical requirements of the efficiency, given by political groups. To attain this collective efficiency, the centre groups have been forced to convert themselves to the principle of voting discipline, best garantee of the political unity of the groups. The majority logic produce a real socialisation of the senatorial life and the inevitable confrontations of the different political groups in the assembly. This conception of the organisation of the parliamentary works can be seen essentially by the omnipresence of the groups within the senate's regulation. First of all, political groups are present on the legislative level. They follow the project or the law proposition from its deposit until its eventual presentation to the constitutional council, and propose some modifications that they judge useful, using mainly the right of amendment. They also participate in controlling the government, which means now a large part of France's European policy
Merle, Stéphane. "Politiques et aménagements sportifs en région stéphanoise : vers une reconnaissance de la place du sport dans la société et l'aménagement urbain (fin XIXème-début XXIème siècle)." Saint-Etienne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007STET2112.
Full textThe question of the links between sports policies and developments suppose to analyse the whole logics of production of the main sports places, which are socio-politics, spatials, culturals or purely sportings. According to a geohistoric study of these logics, in a local/global articulation, the evolution towards a recognition of the place of sport in society and city development made into three successive periods according to the weight of great players. This recognition goes through a growing number of players who take into account the sports development from a local point of view, in a context of industrial and post-industrial town. Until the sixties private and public initiatives are in strong opposition. From the sixties to the eighties, to the boost of state then town councils, a true publics sports policy developped in accordance with the french model (pyramid-shaped organization from mass sports to elite sports) who favours a logic of public service. At last, until the nineteens, use forms of sports developments appear : the town council stays the womb of local public policies for sports, but other players, privates (profesionnal clubs, commercial organizations, free practisings), or publics (town councils), assert according to economic and politic strategies who put sport in the heart of image and city development issues
Boyogueno, Émile. "L'élite du Cameroun sous tutelle de la France : prosopographie du personnel politique local (1946-1960." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010681.
Full textBlic, Damien de. "Le scandale financier : naissance et déclin d'une forme politique de Panama au Crédit Lyonnais." Paris, EHESS, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003EHES0058.
Full textThis work aims to study the protests against financial scandals in France for a century. The author shows that these scandals have been until the seventies associated with wide mobilizations, generally supported by the disclosure of an anomic world and calling the restoration of a political order. Two periods are more specially analyzed : the end of the nineteenth century when the financial scandal is constituted as a typical form of event. The 1990’s when a decline of this form can be observed. The case of the “Credit lyonnais scandal”, that hasn’t produce the expected social mobilizations, is detailed as an example of this decline and related to the fading of the traditional moral condemnation of the money
Rivet, Michel. "Jean Lecanuet, itinéraire d'un démocrate-chrétien." Paris 2, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA020026.
Full textDel, Re Alisa. "Les politiques sociales en France dans les années trente : Etat et rapports sociaux de sexe." Paris 8, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992PA080745.
Full textSome laws brought into force in france in the thirties were designed to establish guarantees regarding reproduction (social insurances, family allowances, 1936 laws, code de la famille). The state penetrated the daily life of the urban working class to ensure that reproduction followed a certain pattern. This system of control called for investment in women, a social subject wich became a political subject because of its historically determined link with reproduction
Reichart, Alexandre. "La politique monétaire française de 1981 à 1988 : entre contrainte extérieure et enjeux politiques nationaux." Thesis, Paris 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA010074.
Full textNo English summary available
Kaiser, Marc. "Les politiques publiques liées aux musiques populaires en France : la dimension culturelle en question." Thesis, Paris 3, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA030154.
Full textThis thesis studies the identity dimension of French popular music policies from a spatio-temporal approach. By considering politics of sound representations within a post-critical communication perspective, we have defined popular music cultures as the privileged site of study of both means of representation for cultural movements and cultural public policies. The notion of regulation as a discipline of the body and an accessibility mode, focuses on power relations and conflicts of definition in media and urban spaces associated with popular aesthetics. Using analyses based on unpublished archives, we first show in this study how the French phonographic publishers have conducted a policy towards music recordings to become the sole representatives of the music industry from the government’s point of view. Cultural industries are therefore not only the object of cultural policy, but also one of its actors. We then combine a « spatial analysis » of popular music (where scenes are places of resources, struggles and actions) with a media study (media as places of defense or abandonment of identities). Looking at the Parisian scene alongside those of Sydney and Quebec allows the singling out of local resources within the contemporary problematics of transnationalisation and cultural hybridisation and the locating of broader political issues of culture. We finally argue that, within the context of modern pluralist societies and cultural rights, national representations that guide the patterns of cultural governance need to be put into question
Grison, Jean-Baptiste. "La très petite commune en France : héritage sans avenir ou modèle original ?" Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00658977.
Full textGrison, Jean-Baptiste. "La très petite commune en France : héritage sans avenir ou modèle original ?" Phd thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2009. https://theses.hal.science/docs/00/65/89/77/PDF/Grison.pdf.
Full textTracol, Matthieu. "La rigueur et les réformes : histoire des politiques du travail et de l'emploi du gouvernement Mauroy (1981-1984)." Thesis, Paris 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015PA010700.
Full textThe Mauroy government is usually associated with the 1983 “austerity turn”. It is commonly agreed after the eurphoria following their electoral victory, the socialist power suddendly adopted economic austerity. The study of labour and employment policies can undermine this idea in two ways. Firstly, the political changeover allowed modernist high-ranking civil servants to reach key decision-making positions in social policies. They were under the influence of Jacques Delors and of the CFDT union, who both strongly supported collective bargaining. Already in 1981, sicoial reforms were initiated in an atmosphere of rigour, in ordre not to cause irrerversible economic and budgetary slippage. The reduction of working time, developed within the StatePlanning Commision was realized by focusing on decentralized social negotiation and wage moderation. The lowering of the retirement age to 60 years was initially associated with the increase of the contribution period. The Auroux labour laws did not put into question the power of entrepreneurs. Secondly, the inflection point of the Mauroy government policy is actually not to be found in 1983, but in the first half of 1982. After project of the 35 hour working week was scrapped, the fighting against unemployment was no longer a primary objective for the gouvernment. It was then in a dead end with no major reform to achieve. Its agenda was indeed dominated by financial problems (the UNEDIC deficit, which led to a dramatic reduction of unemployment benefits, and retirement fundings), but that does not mean that there was a widespread conversion of socialiste lite to neoliberalism at the time
Marchant, Alexandre. "L'impossible prohibition : la lutte contre la drogue en France (1966-1996)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Cachan, Ecole normale supérieure, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014DENS0049.
Full textBetween the mid-1960s characterized by the sudden upsurge of new patterns of drug addiction within the Youth (1966: first media frenzy about LSD) resulting in the new prohibitionist Act of 1970, et the mid-1990s pointing out the generalization of harm reduction strategies (1996: institutionalization of opiates substitution treatments), the dissertation highlights the making the social, health and political problem of drug abuse, through the public policies, often influenced by the international frame of the “war on drugs”. The thesis focuses on the evolutions of uses, trafficking and public policies. It addresses the issue of prohibition: how is socially and publicly constructed the scandal that legitimizes THE prohibition ? Who are the stakeholders who defined it “from the top” (politicians, parliamentary committees, medical experts) and those who enforce the law “on the bottom” (police officers, judges, physicians)? What are the social consequences of this enforcement (increased criminalization of drug smuggling, stigmatization of drug users) ? How the system is contradicting itself between its repressive and care aspects ? This research is based on various archival materials: ministerial archives (Interior, Justice, Heath, Youth and Sports, National Education, Prime Minister’s administration, Inter-ministerial mission for the fight against drug and drug abuse – MILDT), parliamentary archives, private archives, contemporary printed sources, medias, INA archives…
Racine, Maryliz, and Maryliz Racine. "Le passage à l'ère post-westphalienne : les politiques européennes et impériales de la France pendant la IVe République (1944-1958)." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37881.
Full text"Thèse en cotutelle : Université Laval, Québec, Canada, Philosophiæ doctor (Ph. D.) et Aix-Marseille Université, Marseille, France"
Ravagée par la guerre et occupée pendant plusieurs années, la France a été le théâtre de changements majeurs dans la manière dont ses dirigeants ont appréhendé son avenir au sein du Concert des Nations. Ces derniers étaient conscients de l’importance qu’a eue l’empire entre 1940 et 1945 et le rôle central qu’il avait pour le rétablissement de la légitimité du pays en tant que Puissance mondiale. Dans le domaine économique, les colonies étaient conçues comme un apport essentiel au relèvement de la France et pour sa prospérité. Les décideurs français ont ainsi consolidé les liens entre la métropole française et ses colonies pour fonder une politique impériale sur les principes du républicanisme selon lesquels la République était « une et indivisible ». Les hommes politiques français ont raffermi l’emprise de la France sur leurs territoires d’outre-mer par la création de l’Union française et ont donné un second souffle à la constitution d’un État-Empire, un projet entamé dans les années 1930. La dernière phase d’expansion de l’empire du dix-neuvième siècle faisait place alors depuis les années 1920 et 1930 à une logique de développement et de mise en branle des projets coloniaux de manière à créer un empire qui pouvait constituer un ensemble cohérent. La poursuite de cette logique du mythe colonial français après 1945 a eu pour effet de modifier l’identité de la France en tant qu’acteur du système international. La France n’était plus perçue par ses agents sub-étatiques comme un simple État possédant des colonies, mais bien comme une nouvelle entité dans laquelle ses excroissances dans l’outre-mer faisaient dorénavant partie intégrante de l’État et contribuaient à forger un avenir, qui était dès lors inextricablement partagé. Le bien-fondé de la mission civilisatrice de la France se traduisait dans cette période par un sentiment de devoir envers les territoires d’outre-mer ; le devoir de les amener au développement économique moderne et à un stade civilisationnel supérieur. Ces mêmes convictions ont conduit les gouvernements français à envisager une autre issue à cette relation que celle de l’indépendance totale, encouragée par les mouvements de décolonisation. Cette nouvelle identité a des effets tangibles sur la conception et l’engagement des décideurs et les haut-fonctionnaires français dans les projets destinés à rapprocher les économies européennes et dans la poursuite de l’intégration européenne. Dans le cas de la CECA, puisque cette institution sectorielle avait peu d’impacts sur la production d’outre-mer, on envisageait les bénéfices à une association entre les continents européen et africain comme marginaux. Cependant, le facteur colonial devenait de plus en plus influent dans les prises de décisions effectuées par les haut-fonctionnaires et analystes français du ministère des Affaires étrangères. Il a d’ailleurs constitué l’un des points d’achoppement dans les négociations de la mise en place d’une armée européenne, car l’article 38 du Traité instituant la CED ne prévoyait pas de mesures permettant à la France de conserver les moyens de poursuivre ses opérations de pacification dans l’empire ainsi que la guerre d’Indochine. C’est en ce sens qu’après l’échec de la CED le gouvernement français sous le leadership d’Edgar Faure a entrepris de mener des réformes de manière à trouver une solution durable au dilemme de la vocation européenne ou mondiale de la France. Des réformes politiques et économiques majeures étaient envisagées afin de transformer l’Union française en une association fédérale franco-africaine librement consentie. L’ensemble français ne pouvait donc plus être intégré partiellement à des initiatives européennes, car cela contreviendrait aux principes républicains renforcés par les réformes. Dans le contexte de la « relance européenne », le gouvernement sous Guy Mollet proposait de lier le marché commun européen aux territoires d’outre-mer, ce qui aurait permis l’ouverture des marchés africains aux échanges européens. Intégrées dans cette Eurafrique, les colonies auraient ainsi vu les bénéfices de conserver le lien politique avec la France. Cette thèse analyse la manière dont la souveraineté était comprise et imaginée par les dirigeants français pendant la construction européenne et lors du remodelage de leurs liens avec les anciennes colonies. Sans nier la portée de la souveraineté dans le cadre de l’existence d’un État, elle fut appelée à être modifiée ; ses éléments constitutifs furent repensés au profit d’une forme étatique supranationale. L’étude de ce nouveau modèle des relations internationales sera étendue aux alternatives que les dirigeants français ont proposées aux colonies africaines. Ces derniers les poussaient à dépasser le stade du nationalisme pour adhérer à un modèle étatique jugé supérieur : un stade post-westphalien dans lequel leurs revendications indépendantistes seraient caduques.
Ravagée par la guerre et occupée pendant plusieurs années, la France a été le théâtre de changements majeurs dans la manière dont ses dirigeants ont appréhendé son avenir au sein du Concert des Nations. Ces derniers étaient conscients de l’importance qu’a eue l’empire entre 1940 et 1945 et le rôle central qu’il avait pour le rétablissement de la légitimité du pays en tant que Puissance mondiale. Dans le domaine économique, les colonies étaient conçues comme un apport essentiel au relèvement de la France et pour sa prospérité. Les décideurs français ont ainsi consolidé les liens entre la métropole française et ses colonies pour fonder une politique impériale sur les principes du républicanisme selon lesquels la République était « une et indivisible ». Les hommes politiques français ont raffermi l’emprise de la France sur leurs territoires d’outre-mer par la création de l’Union française et ont donné un second souffle à la constitution d’un État-Empire, un projet entamé dans les années 1930. La dernière phase d’expansion de l’empire du dix-neuvième siècle faisait place alors depuis les années 1920 et 1930 à une logique de développement et de mise en branle des projets coloniaux de manière à créer un empire qui pouvait constituer un ensemble cohérent. La poursuite de cette logique du mythe colonial français après 1945 a eu pour effet de modifier l’identité de la France en tant qu’acteur du système international. La France n’était plus perçue par ses agents sub-étatiques comme un simple État possédant des colonies, mais bien comme une nouvelle entité dans laquelle ses excroissances dans l’outre-mer faisaient dorénavant partie intégrante de l’État et contribuaient à forger un avenir, qui était dès lors inextricablement partagé. Le bien-fondé de la mission civilisatrice de la France se traduisait dans cette période par un sentiment de devoir envers les territoires d’outre-mer ; le devoir de les amener au développement économique moderne et à un stade civilisationnel supérieur. Ces mêmes convictions ont conduit les gouvernements français à envisager une autre issue à cette relation que celle de l’indépendance totale, encouragée par les mouvements de décolonisation. Cette nouvelle identité a des effets tangibles sur la conception et l’engagement des décideurs et les haut-fonctionnaires français dans les projets destinés à rapprocher les économies européennes et dans la poursuite de l’intégration européenne. Dans le cas de la CECA, puisque cette institution sectorielle avait peu d’impacts sur la production d’outre-mer, on envisageait les bénéfices à une association entre les continents européen et africain comme marginaux. Cependant, le facteur colonial devenait de plus en plus influent dans les prises de décisions effectuées par les haut-fonctionnaires et analystes français du ministère des Affaires étrangères. Il a d’ailleurs constitué l’un des points d’achoppement dans les négociations de la mise en place d’une armée européenne, car l’article 38 du Traité instituant la CED ne prévoyait pas de mesures permettant à la France de conserver les moyens de poursuivre ses opérations de pacification dans l’empire ainsi que la guerre d’Indochine. C’est en ce sens qu’après l’échec de la CED le gouvernement français sous le leadership d’Edgar Faure a entrepris de mener des réformes de manière à trouver une solution durable au dilemme de la vocation européenne ou mondiale de la France. Des réformes politiques et économiques majeures étaient envisagées afin de transformer l’Union française en une association fédérale franco-africaine librement consentie. L’ensemble français ne pouvait donc plus être intégré partiellement à des initiatives européennes, car cela contreviendrait aux principes républicains renforcés par les réformes. Dans le contexte de la « relance européenne », le gouvernement sous Guy Mollet proposait de lier le marché commun européen aux territoires d’outre-mer, ce qui aurait permis l’ouverture des marchés africains aux échanges européens. Intégrées dans cette Eurafrique, les colonies auraient ainsi vu les bénéfices de conserver le lien politique avec la France. Cette thèse analyse la manière dont la souveraineté était comprise et imaginée par les dirigeants français pendant la construction européenne et lors du remodelage de leurs liens avec les anciennes colonies. Sans nier la portée de la souveraineté dans le cadre de l’existence d’un État, elle fut appelée à être modifiée ; ses éléments constitutifs furent repensés au profit d’une forme étatique supranationale. L’étude de ce nouveau modèle des relations internationales sera étendue aux alternatives que les dirigeants français ont proposées aux colonies africaines. Ces derniers les poussaient à dépasser le stade du nationalisme pour adhérer à un modèle étatique jugé supérieur : un stade post-westphalien dans lequel leurs revendications indépendantistes seraient caduques.
Ravaged by years of occupation, France witnessed major changes in policymakers’ vision of the country’s future and of French interests and aims. They were aware of the importance of the empire during the war and the role it would play after the war in the restoration of France’s international legitimacy as a Great Power. Colonies were also conceived as an essential element of France’s revival and of its long-term prosperity. French decision-makers thus sought to strengthen links between the French metropole and its colonies in order to reassess its imperial identity, which was founded on republican principles. These politicians stiffened France’s hold on its overseas territories with the implementation of the Union française and gave a second wind to the achievement of a State-Empire. The nineteenth century expansionary phase of the French empire had given way to another phase of imperialism in which development and progress of the overseas territories were at its core. The continuation of the colonial myth had profoundly modified French identity as a key player of the international system. France was no longer seen by its sub-national agents as a simple State holding colonies, but as a new form of statehood; an entity in which its overseas territories was now a constituent part of it and contributed to forging new perspective for their shared future. This new identity had a significant influence on how interests within the international system and particularly in Europe were pursued, especially within the European integration projects. Decisions makers in the French Fourth Republic evaluated their potential gains and preferences, first of all, through the lens of an Imperial Power. In other words, France’s political and economic elite had first examined the inherent implications of the upholding of their pre-1940 empire on France’s economic and geo-strategic needs, in the shifting context of early Cold War. Pro-European projects were therefore analyzed and weighed in regard to their costs and benefits, in the light of a new grid. Decision makers were influenced by the bien-fondé of French colonialism, based on the sentiment that France had a duty towards overseas territories; a duty of guiding them towards progress and civilization. It is with those considerations in mind that the French governments envisaged another solution to the question of its relationship with its colonies than total independence. The French stance on the European federal project was thus influenced by the introduction of a new variable in the equation of early European integration: the facteur colonial. In the early European integration process, it was considered marginal because of the sectoral approach of the ECSC. Although, the imperial identity was more and more apparent in the interests and policies pursued by the French government during the EDC debate. The introduction of a European army did not ensure France either the possibility of pursuing its peacekeeping operations in the overseas territories or the Indochina War. After the defeat of the EDC project in the French parliament, the government under the leadership of Edgar Faure envisioned a new set of reforms (political, administrative, and economic), which would transform the Union française into a consensual Franco-African federal political association. From this perspective, the ensemble français could not anymore be introduced partially within the European projects promoted in the wake of the « European revival ». Under Guy Mollet’s government, a plan to establish supranational structures in their former colonies and in Europe was formulated so that free trade between the two continents could be established. With the economic benefits anticipated for the overseas territories, this Eurafrican project would have proved to African representatives that their interests lay in maintaining the political link between their territories and France. Accordingly, this thesis argues that French leaders questioned the international relations framework based on the nation-state as the central entity of the international system in order to conciliate their ambitions in Europe and as a State-Empire. These two projects – Franco- African association and European integration ̶ shared common characteristics and conceptual origins: supranationalism. French officials and policy-makers promoted a federal Eurafrican project to avoid the process of decolonization and create a political structure that would defuse difficult and pressing colonial issues. The former French colonies were asked to pass from the status of colonized territories to constituents of a supranational structure. The French decision makers pushed the overseas territories to transcend the stage of nationalism to reach an advanced statehood model: a post-Westphalian stage in which their demands for total independence would be obsolete.
Ravaged by years of occupation, France witnessed major changes in policymakers’ vision of the country’s future and of French interests and aims. They were aware of the importance of the empire during the war and the role it would play after the war in the restoration of France’s international legitimacy as a Great Power. Colonies were also conceived as an essential element of France’s revival and of its long-term prosperity. French decision-makers thus sought to strengthen links between the French metropole and its colonies in order to reassess its imperial identity, which was founded on republican principles. These politicians stiffened France’s hold on its overseas territories with the implementation of the Union française and gave a second wind to the achievement of a State-Empire. The nineteenth century expansionary phase of the French empire had given way to another phase of imperialism in which development and progress of the overseas territories were at its core. The continuation of the colonial myth had profoundly modified French identity as a key player of the international system. France was no longer seen by its sub-national agents as a simple State holding colonies, but as a new form of statehood; an entity in which its overseas territories was now a constituent part of it and contributed to forging new perspective for their shared future. This new identity had a significant influence on how interests within the international system and particularly in Europe were pursued, especially within the European integration projects. Decisions makers in the French Fourth Republic evaluated their potential gains and preferences, first of all, through the lens of an Imperial Power. In other words, France’s political and economic elite had first examined the inherent implications of the upholding of their pre-1940 empire on France’s economic and geo-strategic needs, in the shifting context of early Cold War. Pro-European projects were therefore analyzed and weighed in regard to their costs and benefits, in the light of a new grid. Decision makers were influenced by the bien-fondé of French colonialism, based on the sentiment that France had a duty towards overseas territories; a duty of guiding them towards progress and civilization. It is with those considerations in mind that the French governments envisaged another solution to the question of its relationship with its colonies than total independence. The French stance on the European federal project was thus influenced by the introduction of a new variable in the equation of early European integration: the facteur colonial. In the early European integration process, it was considered marginal because of the sectoral approach of the ECSC. Although, the imperial identity was more and more apparent in the interests and policies pursued by the French government during the EDC debate. The introduction of a European army did not ensure France either the possibility of pursuing its peacekeeping operations in the overseas territories or the Indochina War. After the defeat of the EDC project in the French parliament, the government under the leadership of Edgar Faure envisioned a new set of reforms (political, administrative, and economic), which would transform the Union française into a consensual Franco-African federal political association. From this perspective, the ensemble français could not anymore be introduced partially within the European projects promoted in the wake of the « European revival ». Under Guy Mollet’s government, a plan to establish supranational structures in their former colonies and in Europe was formulated so that free trade between the two continents could be established. With the economic benefits anticipated for the overseas territories, this Eurafrican project would have proved to African representatives that their interests lay in maintaining the political link between their territories and France. Accordingly, this thesis argues that French leaders questioned the international relations framework based on the nation-state as the central entity of the international system in order to conciliate their ambitions in Europe and as a State-Empire. These two projects – Franco- African association and European integration ̶ shared common characteristics and conceptual origins: supranationalism. French officials and policy-makers promoted a federal Eurafrican project to avoid the process of decolonization and create a political structure that would defuse difficult and pressing colonial issues. The former French colonies were asked to pass from the status of colonized territories to constituents of a supranational structure. The French decision makers pushed the overseas territories to transcend the stage of nationalism to reach an advanced statehood model: a post-Westphalian stage in which their demands for total independence would be obsolete.
Résumé en espagnol
Résumé en espagnol
Puren, Laurent. "L'école française face à l'enfant alloglotte : contribution à une étude des politiques linguistiques éducatives mises en oeuvre à l'égard des minorités linguistiques scolarisées dans le système éducatif français du XIXe siècle à nos jours." Paris 3, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA030077.
Full textThis research in language didactics deals with the evolution of educational language policies which have been implemented since the 19th century in French public primary schools towards regional and immigrant language speaking pupils belonging to linguistic minorities. We mean to examine closely, from a comparative viewpoint, how three different school populations have been frenchified : the Bretons in the 19th century, the inhabitants of german speaking Alsace and Lorraine regions in the 19th century and during the interwar years, as well as the immigrant communities from the early 20th century until nowadays. Our research is at the junction of several fields in social sciences, including history, education sciences, language didactics, sociolinguistics, interethnic relations sociology, and politics. Through this academic work we wish to bring a contribution to : - a history of regional and immigrant language teaching in French primary schools ; - a history of French as a second language teaching in metropolitan France ; - a reflection on the importance that should be given to cultural differences in public space ; - a reflection on the incidence of political and ideological factors on educational language policies implemented towards minorities
Montagne, Karen. "L'alimentation au fil des générations : l'analyse de parcours de vie alimentaire, en France, au travers des procès de transmissions, innovations et intégration des pratiques, comportements et savoir-faire de mangeurs dans des espaces en mutation." Thesis, Tours, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUR2007.
Full textThis study offers an analysis of past and present food modes among a kinship group comprising four generations. Through first hand recording of life trajectories and direct observations collected in immersion over an extended period of time (ten years), this work is an attempt to highlight the sociocultural factors and mechanisms that affect food procurements practices, culinary skills, food representations and behaviors at different stage of life. This in-depth observation of a group of relatives serves the examination of cultural, social, economic and historical factors that are at play during the primary and secondary socialisation phases and impact the construction and evolution of individual as well as family food repertories. This is amonography about a French middle class extented family which provides access to the evolutions of relations to cooking and feeding from women's point a view
Schneider, Marie-Alexandra. "Desseins politiques. Représentations iconographiques de la France en Sarre (1945-1956)." Thesis, Paris 4, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA040104.
Full textIn the wake of World War II, the Saar was subjected to a specific treatment from the victors. Separated from the French zone of occupation, the territory is managed in autonomy and is economically tied with France from the end of 1947. Ten years later, the Saar returns to Germany. During this first post-war decade, perception of France changes. With the years passing by and depending on the local political forces, official or dissidents ones, France embodies both the face of the liberator and the invader, the partner and the enemy, the protector and the exploiter. France’s image turns into a conflict of representations, which will affect the campaign of the 1955 referendum. This is the main subject of this thesis. In order to determine the way France was depicted in the Saar between 1945 and 1956, we will establish two directions: we will analyse on one hand the depictions France carried out, with the help of the powers in place in the Saar, to subserve its political ambitions. On the other hand, we will study the dissident depictions published by those in favour of a return to Germany to end the special regime that had been in place since the end of the war. Taking into consideration that visual images nourish mental images, we will study iconographic depictions used in the communications means of the time, press and posters essentially, that circulated in the Saar between the arrival of the French troops in Sarrebruck and the end of this period of autonomy