Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Procès politiques – France – 19e siècle'
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Lejeune, Thierry. "La justice politique : l'exemple du département du Nord (1811-1914)." Lille 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996LIL20010.
Full textThe subject of the thesis is approached from a regional point of view, by studying the judicial practise of common law courts - the assizes and police courts - as well as exceptional judicial practice - special courts, provost courts or joint committee - in the North department whose case-law can be derived from the archives. The result of this analysis shows the autonomy of the judicial practice in comparison with the text governing it. This analysis offers a new contribution to the political history of that period, revealing the behaviour of the people living in that region. In the North department, during the 1811-1851 period, ordinary political justice was moderate as regards both criminal and police courts. But besides this justice, the authorities appealed to exceptional judicial practice whenever serious political crises occurred. Under the Monarchie de Juillet, a liberal political justice developed; in political and press-cases as well, not-guilty verdicts grew in number and eventually led to a certain impunity of political criminality. The liberal spirits was brought to and end by the coup d'État which took place on December 2nd, 1851. The Second Empire, without hesitating appealed to exceptional judicial practices and police courts as well, so as to eliminate any opposition. The liberalism of the Third Republic was particularly ambiguous. Greater public freedom was acknowledged by the Republic. But considering the monarchist, socialist and anarchistic perils, the opportunist republicans occasionally did not hesitate to vote in further laws, so as to defend and strengthen the regime. Consequently, the 1852-1914 period was marked by the decline of a liberal justice
Schneider, Christian. "Les complots politiques sous la Terreur blanche (1815-1818)." Paris 1, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006PA010545.
Full textBouvier, Des Noës François. "Procédures politiques du règne de Louis XI. Le Procès de René d'Alençon Comte du Perche." Paris 4, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA040241.
Full textThe trial of René d'Alençon (1481-1483) is the trial of a prince of the Blood and apanagist. He was the son of Jean, duke of Alençon, twice condemned to death and twice his condemnation was changed to imprisonment. The succession of his father to the duchy of Alençon was the main matter of the dispute between René and Louis XI. This latter ordered René to be arrested before he escaped to Brittany and made him imprisoned at Chinon where he was questioned by a royal commission. Then he was transfered to Vincennes for his trial by the Parliament of Paris. This one did not find him guilty of crime of lese-majesty. So he was condemned at a minor punishment at the great displeasure of the king. Last episode of the struggle of Louis XI against his high vassals, this trial is the testimony about the last years of his reign and of the difficult relationship between the king and the Parliament. The transcription of the trial's report is the matter of volume II of this thesis
Malandain, Gilles. "L'affaire Louvel, ou l'introuvable complot : événement, enquête judiciaire et expression politique dans la France de la Restauration." Paris 12, 2005. https://athena.u-pec.fr/primo-explore/search?query=any,exact,990003941880204611&vid=upec.
Full textThis thesis proposes to pay attention to a tremendous but forgotten event, the assassination of the duc de Berry, Louis XVIII's nephew, on 13th of February 1820. Louvel's crime was widely understood as the result of a plot against the monarchy, and led therefore to a major political crisis and royalist reaction. The murderer's trial before the Cour des pairs was also preceded by a broad inquiry, involving most officials, ike magistrates or prefects, trying to pierce the social and political darkness of postrevolutionary France. They found not plot but proceded original archive materials on memories and rumours stirred up by the event in various social classes. The study first focuses on the ways the event was experienced, used and read among the political opinion. Then judicial proceedings and police investigation are analyzed in detail. The case of Louvel and more generally the way these judicial sources help understanding popular uses of politics between 1789 and 1848 are finally discussed
Michalak, Thomas. "Les Assemblées parlementaires, juge pénal : analyse d’un paradigme irréalisable : (1789-1918)." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 2, 2020. https://buadistant.univ-angers.fr/login?url=https://bibliotheque.lefebvre-dalloz.fr/secure/isbn/9782247218530.
Full textAt first glance, the title refers to the judicial activity of the Cour des pairs (1814-1848) and the Senate of the Third Republic (1875-1940). These are the most striking involvements of French legislative bodies in rendering justice. The trials of the ending Restauration ministers, and the one of Louis Malvy seem to be well known, but in reality these are only imperfectly so. In both cases, the upper house has turned away from its initial mission of legislator and supervisor of the government to transform itself, in a very incomplete way, into criminal courts. However, study only these two cases is not enough to define the mission of a parliamentary jurisdiction. The concept of Haute Cour de justice must therefore be understood in its entirety and in its history. A history which, like many others, is marked by the Revolution, which will influence the 19th and 20th centuries, and set a French prototype of political court. These Hautes Cours possess special competencies: ratione personae et ratione materiae. They judge politicians, but since the Revolution one foresees the difficulty of doing so with criminal law, which is hardly suited to the resolution of political disputes. Finally, the French Haute Cour is also a tribunal for major political crimes, namely, serious attacks on sovereignty. It is thereforce a question of recount the history of the “Tribunal supreme” in order to reveal the concept of political justice as an aporia
Buttier, Jean-Charles. "Les catéchismes politiques français (1789-1914)." Paris 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA010513.
Full textPrassoloff, Annie. "Littérature en procès : la propriété littéraire en France sous la monarchie de Juillet." Paris, EHESS, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989EHES0038.
Full textAn historical, literary, economical and philosophical study about the progresses of author's right, between 1830 and 1848 in france, through boks, articles, archives, and mainly reltions of literary suits of the period
Ploux, François. "Les formes du conflit et leurs modes de résolution dans les campagnes du Lot (1810-1860)." Paris 1, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA010662.
Full textThis research deals with the forms of conflict and violence in the countryside of the haut-quercy (departement of the lot) between 1810 and 1860. A first category of conflicts regroups those which are linked to the process of reproduction of the households (ostals) from generation to generation. We have distinguished the conflicts opposing the members of the same family from those opposing rival households. Others conflicts involve larger groups ; they show the solidarities and collective identities which structure the rural society. We can observe rivalries between factions (or parties), hamlet, village communities or coalitions of village communities. Until the middle of the century, riots and revolts were also very frequent. A third part deals with the problem of the conflict resolution. We have been first interested with infra-judicial forms of conflict resolution (agreement, ritual reconciliation, customary sanctions. . . ). Then, we have tried to describe how the local society could influence the course and issue of the procedure, and thus attenuate the effects of the penal represion
Deseuche, Vincent. "Tableau politique de la Mayenne au XIXè siècle." Poitiers, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009POIT3005.
Full textTraditionalism and conservatism are very often the first terms that spring to mind when defining the department Mayenne, such is the extent that the Chouan revolt, the battle between the whites and the blues in which the country folk actively took part, has left its mark on Western France. In light of analysis of the elections and nominations of political and administrative staff in the 19th century, their successes and misfortunes, and their actions in local assemblies or in the Chambers, the desire both to perpetuate the evolutions and revolutions of the nation and the need for modernity nevertheless arises. When public figures and dynasties come into view after the Napoleonic era, the opinions of the elected representatives of the landholding monarchy and the country proper differ from time to time. Universal suffrage leaves nobles in positions of power, progressively shaping the political identity of the department, combining respect of traditional values and republicanism to create a moderated republicanism
Legoy, Corinne. "Éloges politiques et thuriféraires de la Restauration : chanter, servir ou combattre, les sens de la célébration." Paris 1, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004PA010669.
Full textEdeek, Mahmoud. "Les relations politiques, économiques et culturelles entre la France et la Tripolitaine (1835-1911)." Aix-Marseille 1, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997AIX10032.
Full textBourquin, Jean-Christophe. "L'État et les voyageurs savants : légitimités individuelles et volontés politiques : les missions du ministère de l'Instruction publique, 1842-1914." Paris 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA010526.
Full textBetween 1842 and 1914, the French ministère de l'instruction publique disposes of a financial resource that allows numbers of savants to make scientific, or literary travels abroad. The study of the 1205 files containing details about these travels makes the scientific and political goals of these missions scientifiques et litteraires clear. A closer approach of a few selected travels shows how financial help is asked and given. An historical sociology of those who benefit from the states money shows that this population changes greatly over the years. From a larger point of view, we can see, on one hand, that scientific travelling occupy a low grade on the hierarchical, and ideological, ladder of scientific activities. On the other hand, the study of the administrative surroundings of the missions scientifiques, sh ows that the traditionnal regal distribution of money, which has been carried on for decades by the kings of france, doe s not completely disappear during the 19th century, even under republican law. Both these elements explain the great div ersity of the scientific goals of the travels, and the heterogeneity of the population of the charges de mission. The monographical approach of the use made of state money gives an original point of view on the relations, so specific to France, between state and scientists. A dictionnary of the 796 charges de mission containing details about their live s and travels, constitutes the second volume of the work
Pilette, Marie-Pierre. "Mise en place, évolution et mise à mort de l'utopie : discours et société en France de 1817 à 1847." Paris 4, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1993PA040029.
Full textUtopia in France 1817 to 1847 obeyed 3 imperatives: at once to take hold of the pubic power with a subtle processes of conquests and concessions who conducted in July 1830 to a powerful state. This state held 9 powers: in addition to the executive, the legislature and the judiciary power; management, military and the foreign office and 3 new powers: public opinion, intelligence service and policing. The second imperative was to bring about a social change: insularity and principally the sharp alignment of political parties who reached its highest point in January 1833 with the creation of "l'Année de la mère" who went into action with private property. During the last seven years, utopia was more ideological to make his system a party capable of measuring his strength against liberalism and socialism. This system was the cause of utopia's death for the benefit of communism
Vincent, Karelle. "Le régicide, de Saint Réjant à Gorguloff (1800-1932) : perception et représentations." Dijon, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000DIJOL009.
Full textVoilliot, Christophe. "La candidature officielle en France de la Restauration aux débuts de la Troisième République : retour sur l'historiographie d'une pratique d'Etat." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100199.
Full textThe "candidature officielle" first take the shape of a crisis' exit technology during the second Restoration in the years 1815-1816. On this occasion, candidates selection mecanisms set up. Regarding them with the electoral and the administrative practices during the election at the "Chambre des députés" after the dissolution of September 1816, we tan describe the "candidature officielle" as an attempt of central control of the electoral appointments. Then we study these practices in relation with governmental circumstances and electoral figurations able to favour the recurrence of the "candidature officielle", before its generalization in 1848 through the universal suffrage. This generalization tome with the emergence of civil servants electoral work. The last part of this study concern the "candidature officielle" practices' euphemization through all their contesting and the persistency of some shapes of recommended candidatures ("candidature officieuse") towards the early XXth century
Tardy, Jean-Noël. "Les catacombes de la politique : conspiration et conspirateurs en France (1818-1870)." Paris 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA010647.
Full textFoulard, Camille. "Les congregations enseignantes françaises au Mexique (1840-1940) : politiques religieuses, politiques de laïcisation et enjeux internationaux." Paris 1, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA010509.
Full textDupart, Dominique. "Le "lyrisme démocratique" de Lamartine : étude des discours politiques de 1834 à 1848." Paris 4-Sorbonne, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2008PA040118.
Full text1820. « The Meditations. » « The Lake. » Who remembers what comes after ? Nonetheless, Lamartine has not only invented romantic lyricism, he has also actualized his poetic doctrine in the field apparently furthest apart from his green shady hills: in parliamentary politics. From 1834 to 1848, and then practically until his death, he built his destiny as an exceptionally talented multi-facetted writer. He became simultaneously and successively an orator at the Parliament, a historian, a journalist, a novelist. With one single mission: to invent on Earth one of his « imaginary Republics » which are evoked in political and poetical manifestos as soon as 1830. He is the founding father of modern democracy and he reminds us that the politics led by the governments is and always will be in debt towards poetry. In February 1848, did he spectacularly succeed in combining the poem with the political tribune ? Or did he, on the contrary, fail to take the turn of disenchantment, surpassed by the new generation, Flaubert and Baudelaire ? There is no doubt that the modern poet has not always managed to avoid failure. Sometimes lyrical – « successful », as would Stendhal would have put it (using the English word) – but also sometimes hated, mocked, and finally fallen from both poetry and power, Lamartine is the democratic poet « par excellence ». He gave a revolutionary sovereignty to public opinion, to popular gossip, to street rumour, to the voices of the people. He consecrated them with a language sensitive and rebellious, inventing mass lyricism: as lyric as his ancient and glorious muses, at the risk of losing poetry
Carrara, Lydie. "Au coeur de l'échange : les foires et les marchés, entre logiques économiques, enjeux politiques et pratiques sociales (Rhône - XIXème siècle)." Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH210.
Full textThe complementarity of approaches affirmed that the fairs and the markets places are an important issue in the development of the economy, politics and societies in the Rhône in the 19th century. First, a geo-economic approach allows us to understand their integration into the trading system that is being set up. Although temporary, they are nonetheless regular and contribute to the shaping of the space through the economic exchanges and circuits. They are an important step in creating new trade points at a local level. Throughout the century, fairs and markets places are essential in the supply of both food and manufactured goods for rural people. In addition, the inflation of all the duties, the attractiveness of auctions for local populations, as well as all the investments, are further evidence of the economic preponderance of fairs and markets places at a local level. This approach also allows us to analyze how the patterns of fairs and markets places change throughout the century. A thoughtful localization and a precise calendar underline that our economic system meet the economic criteria. The nineteenth century is characterized by a growing polarization of trade, which diverts the flow of the goods from the rural market places, making them compete with the cities. Secondly, a political approach emphasizes that they crystallize important political issues. They are privileged places of state interventionism, and there are opportunities to implement supervision policy measures and a top-down management: the central government wants to keep an eye over the trade in the country. This accentuates the principle of a paternalistic attitude. Nevertheless, throughout the nineteenth century, the government develops and strengthens this mission at a national level. Furthermore, fairs and markets places are also an occasion for people to express expectations regarding those in authority. The new political status of the citizens strengthens their legitimacy to express these expectations. This testifies to the emergence of a modern state and of a relationship between governors and governed. This paved the way for a sociological and an anthropological approach, allowing us to study the crowd becoming animated. We envisioned our fairs and markets places as meeting points for people and as opportunities for greater openness. Alongside other forms of rural sociability such as agricultural societies or trade unions, they are places of socialization and acculturation. In order to achieve this, we wanted to enter, penetrate and explore the market places: conflicts, crimes, violence. Because the whole village "fait la foire", because the fairground is also in the cabarets and in the streets, the grid that we suggest for understanding the fairs and the markets places is based on the notion of “social fairground”. Much more than a new approach, this “social fairground”, this spectacle of everyday life have probably been crucial in the persistence of our fairs and markets places over the century
Tort, Olivier. "L'impossible unité : la droite française sous la Restauration (1814-1830)." Paris 4, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007PA040180.
Full textThis work presents a history of the French Right and of its divisions under the Bourbon Restoration. Firstly, this Right has been precisely characterized, by identifying the lexical expressions which are referred to it, and by quantifying it on national, regional and local scales. Then different facets of the man of the Right have been defined, like social positions, vision of commitment, psychology and relationships with the others. The dysfunctions of royalist organisation have also been analyzed on all the levels, until in the media sphere. Lastly, we have listed ideological divisions, which explain mutual dissensions: visions of international relations, appropriate answers for economic modernity, concretization of the moral and religious values were the three selected angles of incidence, to understand in all their extent the internal dissensions of this French Right
Carnino, Guillaume. "L'invention de « la science » dans le second XIXe siècle : épistémologie, technologie, environnement, politique." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0071.
Full text"Modern science", being both pure and applied, emerges in France at the very beginning of the second industrialization, and replaces the prior "natural philosophy". Its prestige expands through various activities: World fairs, freethinkers, popular science, arts & literature, school, patent rights. . . This practical and theoretical reorganization of knowledge , is firmly connected to the structure of industrial production: scientists study in details craftsmen's "know-how" to create reproducible procedures for manufacturing. Reputed neutral and objective, science ideologically binds the progressive base of the French Third Republic: thereafter, any opposition to environmental, technological or social changes catalysed by this new regime is treated as a dangerous attitude hiding reactionary thoughts secretly rooted in a backward political agenda. Secular resistance to sacred science is subsequently considered inaccurate and excluded from the political sphere, in the same way as the religious beliefs Galileo battled with are mocked as false. Therefore, science must not be any more considered as an epistemological question, but rather as a intrinsically contradictory institution (since it is issued from a social compromise): attempts to theorize it as unified and non-historical concept always trigger the same conflicts that prevailed to its birth
Diaz, Delphine. "Un asile pour tous les peuples ? : proscrits, exilés, réfugiés étrangers en France 1813-1852." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010689.
Full textPaubert, Laurent. "Formation de l'opinion publique, politisation et structuration des identités politiques en Bretagne au 19ème siècle : L'exemple du Finistère et du Morbihan de 1898 à 1914." Brest, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003BRES1007.
Full textOver the seventy years following the proclamation of universal suffrage in 1848, electors grew familiars with modern political practices. Under the Second Republic political guidance prevailed in towns as well as in the country. Electors, however, slowly became more autonomous. The Second Empire constituted an important stage in this process but it was under the Third Republic, within the context of a representative multi-party regime marked by the first instances of alternation in power, that the behaviour patterns of political democracy became rooted in people's mentalities. However the most patent sign of entry into the era of modern politics was the emergence before the First World War of a new attitude towards politics. At that time, the directed vote made room for the opinion vote. The history of politicization in the 19th century is the history of change in the elector's status, since the time when the elector depended on political guidance to the citizen autonomous in his choices and becoming the target of political campaigns organized by the candidates
Kot, Sandrine. "Des philanthropies aux politiques sociales : solutions françaises et allemandes à la question sociale en Haute-Alsace (1850-1914)." Paris 7, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA070002.
Full textThe "haute-alsace" during the "second empire" was one of the best examples of the success of a philanthropic policy. For contemporaries, social peace and the economic prosperity witnessed the superiority of this way of fighting against the social issue. The private social measures initiated by the employers elites in the factories or in the industrial cities or villages, tended to preserve the social harmony by preserving or reshaping local communities, whose stability was threatened by th e industrialisation. In the same time these measures helped shaped the members of theses comunities for new roles in the modern industrial society. The success and the reputation of this "alsacienne" philanthropy was also due to the converg ence of the state social policy during the "second empire", which consisted in encouraging private initiatives, with the agenda of the alsaciennes elites who wished to preserve their "liberty" toward the central power. At the end of the 19th century, this balance was questioned on two fronts. On one side by the german administration whic h sought to integrate alsace politically and socially into germany by weakening the power of local elites. On the other side as the working class movement grew in power the workers were able to strengthen their horizontal ties of solidarity at the expense of the vertical links with the local elites
Multon, Hilaire. "Les temps sont proches : prophétisme politique et culture apocalyptique dans le catholicisme français et italien (1859-1878)." Paris 12, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA120049.
Full textIn the context of the disappearance of the Papal State from 1859, apparitions, inarvels and prophecies grew in number in the French and Italian Catholic communities. Their use with the aim of political and religious restoration characterized the devotional literature of this perioci and nourished the hopes of legitimist trends opposed to the governments in place. In the Italian peninsula, these forms of devotion were part of the opposition to the new political regime around the Family of Savoie. In France, they fuelled political stirrings about the comte of Chambord, especially after the defeat against Prussia and the Commune. Leveraging the political legacy of Catholic intransigence, these apocalyptic concerns spread from foci that sustained genuine networks of devotion. Facing the expansion of this nebula, which could only be partly controlled by the magisterium, the Church reacted with caution and took a pragmatic attitude in their dealing with the devotions in relation to visionaries, prophetesses and stigmatized people. The Hierarchy intervened at different levels to control spontaneous devotions and, in some cases, to condenm beliefs deemed heretic. Faced with the problem of public order, secular authorities seleetively intervened and summoned certain prophets. This time of apocalyptical stirrings was also characterized by the growing assertiveness of medical authorities in the field of mystical phenomena and by the diffusion of critical rationalism. The death of "martyr-pope" Pie IX, in january 1878, the durability of the Third Republic and the Italian monarchy, and the emergence of catholic associationism slew down the crystallization of the conflict between the Church and the political modernity
Durand, Isabelle. "Politiques patrimoniales et conservation des monuments antiques (amphithéâtres, théâtres et temples) à Arles, Nîmes, Orange et Vienne au XIXe siècle." Aix-Marseille 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998AIX10073.
Full textNoailles, Mikaël. "La construction d'une économie touristique sur la Côte Aquitaine des années 1820 aux années 1980 : politiques d'aménagement, pratiques sociales et développement local." Bordeaux 3, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008BOR30047.
Full textThis study of modern tourism covers a long time – from its birth to its peak. It investigates the very roots of today’s tourism in Aquitaine, through tourism-related regional development, which has been its irretrievable indication from the beginning, but it also examines the social, political and economic environment. It is essential to study how democratization and massification have brought tourism from the fringe to the heart of the region’s political and socioeconomic system. In fact, the period from the1820’s to the 1980’s corresponds to a phase of construction, organization and change for that activity. Tourism tends to become an organized, increasingly prestigious socioeconomic sector. The emerging and developing tourism system generates an economy in the first sense of the word: the art of running and managing an activity. The effects of that long period of deep change were the organization of the tourism sector with a network of varied actors, as well as modifications in the tourists’ practices. Tourism, once a complementary activity, becomes an autonomous economic sector, which contributes to local development – a proof of its assertion and legitimating process. This paper also studies the evolution in the identity of the côte des Landes de Gascogne, then of the côte d’Argent, and eventually of the Côte Aquitaine – three terms naming the same place, but tallying with three distinct identity periods which make up the originality of the littoral. Indeed, regional identity, social practices, regional planning politics and wills for local development, have interacted on that coast with more or less power, impelled by more or less powerful and organized actors
Melki, Mickaël. "Les interactions directes et indirectes entre idéologie et croissance économique : Cinq essais appliqués au cas français,1870-2011." Paris 1, 2012. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00767439.
Full textÉmeriau, Isabelle. "Démocratie, liberté, patriotisme : le malentendu républicain : l'exemple du Maine-et-Loire (1848-1891)." Rennes 2, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999REN20036.
Full textGlikman, Juliette. "L’imaginaire impérial et la logique de l’histoire : étude des assises du régime du Second Empire." Paris 4, 2007. https://numeriquepremium.ezproxy.univ-ubs.fr/content/books/9782365838542.
Full textThe Empire of Napoleon III never thought of itself as the second but worked towards reviving a Napoleonic destiny considered as unique, striking with the stigma of usurpation the regimes that had governed France since 1815. “Imperial democracy” aspired to forge once more the old alliance that had apparently been sealed, during mythical times, between the French and their sovereign. The imperial regime would ensure that the temperate monarchy, immanent in French soil, flourished in order to initiate a new golden age. Dreaming of reconciliation between national sovereignty and hereditary authority, the Napoleonic idea invested the universal vote with a regenerating virtue that transfigured the electoral body. Instigated by Providence, the dynastic future existed before its plebiscitary ratification, which had the capacity to convert the multitude into a people full of virtue. Acting as a rampart against social ills, Napoleonism extended its claims to the recovery of public morality. Concerned by the imaginary context of its political references, the Second Empire had no hesitation in appropriating the tradition of the old monarchy while reconciling it with the new order arising from the revolutionary rupture. Imperial symbolism operated through syncretism, assembling referents that were originally dissimilar. The genesis of this allegorical grammar encouraged a political sensitivity that was capable of distinguishing the fourth of the races reigning over France, presumed to be the most legitimate since the sovereign, originating from “popular roots”, transformed himself into the incarnation of national sentiment
Fauchet, Catherine. "De l'observation sociale à l'observation de soi : analyse des mémoires envoyés à l'Académie des sciences morales et politiques lors du premier prix Beaujour sur la misère (1834-1839)." Paris 1, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995PA01A004.
Full textIn 1834, the academy of moral and political sciences launched a competitive examination for the beaujour prize, about the social question: "determining what is poverty in various counties and what signs reveal it. Finding out its roots". Up to 1839, the academy was sent twenty-seven papers. This analysis deals with the twenty-five manuscripts which got no prize nor any publication. Thanks to their participation, the candidates contributed to the social observation, but rather than inquiring, they gave an account of the signs of poverty and also, their point of view concerning its causes and, finally, the ways of solving it. Their analyses were divided into two antagonistic poles: the poor are or are not responsible for their condition. Consequently, the signs of poverty described, showed suffering or monstruosity ; their roots could be found in virtue crushed by some unfavourable economic conditions or in vice at a natural state. In order to develop their analysis, the candidates combined observation from their own experience and reading. They studied the first reports and books from political and social economists. In this way, this research also analyses the procedures of the self-taught culture, the social ambitions and the attitudes towards learned people. The moderate ambitious are those of the happy medium and well-being
Wirty, Emeline. "Le pouvoir et les beaux arts sous la Restauration (1815-1830)." Paris 10, 2002. http://www.theses.fr/2002PA100052.
Full textThe research conducted, in view of a doctoral thesis, focused on the sustained relationships between the government and the fine arts in France during the period of Restoration, from 1815 to 1830. One of the first aspects of this research consisted in carrying out a systematic study of the institutions under the control of the state and the main establishments under their direction (museums, French academies, art schools, manufactures) in order to evaluate precisely the decisions taken during the revolutionary and imperial period which had been retained or rejected by the monarchical system of the Bourbons. Globally speaking, the Restoration accepted the legacy, that is, namely the institutional creations and the administrative decisions of the Revolution or of the Empire. .
Fernandez-Lacôte, Hélène. "Les procès du cardinal de Richelieu : droit, grâce et politique sous Louis le Juste." Paris 8, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005PA082597.
Full textLeleux, Marc. "Condition et attitudes sociales et politiques des sans-travail et des travailleurs précaires dans le département du Nord de 1848-2002." Lille 3, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006LIL30043.
Full textTriomphe, Pierre. "Les mises en scène du passé au Palais-Bourbon (1815-1848) : Aux origines d'une mémoire nationale." Montpellier 3, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005MON30066.
Full textThroughout the age of history, the political debate in France made an extensive use of the past. Hence the interest of methodically studying the historical references found in the speeches of the House of Commons over a period beginning with the Restoration and the debates on the "Adresse", and closing with the end of the July Monarchy. Three distinct lines of approach or analysis can then be defined. One, where laying stress on the past is a way of making sense of the present at critical political junctures ; two, where judging from the personalities and events they mention, the various speakers share far more of a common imagination than generally acknowledged ; three, where the complexity of their relationship to the past, or areas of the past, poses a problem, as also the confrontation of any given theory of history to the hazards of the day to day debates. In all three cases, the break brought about by the "Trois Glorieuses" looms very large. With the July monarchy taking over from the Restoration, there occurs a dramatic change in the MP's references to the past : after 1830, the focus is both chronologically on more recent times (1789 is a limit rarely exceeded) and shared, in essentials at least, by all political families. Thus, the first draft of a national memory takes shape under the July monarchy, heralding the fuller Republican statement to follow, and pointing to an ever more progressist view of history
Villette, Vincent. "Apprendre à voter : l'apprentissage du suffrage de masse sous la IIè République dans le département de la Seine (1848-1851)." Paris, EHESS, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011EHES0056.
Full textIn 1848, the Provisional government resulting from the events of February proclaims direct and universal suffrage. This is an unprecedented and impromptu decision. Indeed, universal suffrage remains something of an enigma. Nobody knows much about this concept which appears to be rather a slogan of opposition against the July Monarchy. Furthermore, the implementation of universal suffrage in 1848is a challenge. How does one persuade millions of citizens to vote, citizens who, for the most part, have never voted before? There remains much to be done and invented : a mass electorate, electoral geography and methods. However, the 1848 revolutionaries do succeed in the challenge of mass voting. Despite numerous difficulties, incidents and frauds, the electoral process cornes into being. Through the implication it arouses, universal suffrage is not only the founder of popular sovereignty but goes on to become legitimate practice
Dauteribes, André. "Les idées politiques d'Édouard Laboulaye : 1811-1883." Montpellier 1, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON10023.
Full textContribution to the study of edouard laboulaye's life (1811-1883) and work (his real name was edouard-rene lefebvre de laboulaye): publicist, member of the french institute, professor at the college de france, and member of the parliament. This attempt of synthesis hopes to present the different stages of the elaboration of his political work and his intellectual origins and to analyse the major problem set by laboulaye: that is how to introduce into the institutions and into political practices the freedom proclaimed and wished for in 1789 and create at last a stable system of government. After this basic idea, i examine edouard laboulaye's propositions inspired by the american exemple in the matter of principles and organisation of the public, constitutional and administrative rights. To conclude i think laboulaye tried to solve the double problem of the establisment and the dura bility of a republican democraty where political freedom must be fundamental
Krebs-Billig, Yvette. "Le conseil des bâtiments civils au 19e siècle : un regard sur le monde des bâtiments civils à travers les procès-verbaux de séances (1815-1830)." Paris 10, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA100196.
Full textAn outlook at the world of the batiments civils throughout the minutes of the meetings of the conseil des batiments civils, task based on the going through of the 39 records of the minutes covering the period from september 1814 to july 1830, period of the restauration. Study of the structure of the cbc, names of the members of the coucil, work planning, meetings, dates and places; records number, keeping, state. The cbc duties at this time: any matter connected with the batiments civils, partial and general alignments of towns, advice on all new process or regulation connected with the bc, and progress of a project submitted of his advice, from the initiative of works to end; the alignments of paris at this time. Workperformed by the counsel at the time: important volume of matters hangled for historical, administrative, economic and social reasons. The guidelines of the counsel's policy: solidity of the buileconomy, esthaetism, respect of hygiene; principles sustained by the counsel: convinience of the buildings, respect of dignity and decency and conformity to taste. Study of some buildings: prefectures, sous-prefectures, courts of justice, police barracks, prisons etc, hospitals, cathedrals, bishop's residences, seminaries, churches, synagoges, protestan temples, etc, hydraulic networks, thermal establishements, stallion houses. -lists of interventions together with their places and dates (by alphabetical order of towns) from 1815 to 1830 on prefectures, sous-prefectures, courts of justice (all juridictions), intervention on police stations, prisons etc, hospices, cathedrals and other places of cults, seminaries etc, alignments, hydraulic works, thermal establishments
Verdier, Nicolas. "Penser le territoire au XIXe siècle : le cas des aménagements de la Seine-Inférieure et de l'Eure." Paris, EHESS, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999EHES0069.
Full textPouzieux, Christophe. "Le procès de Louis XVI." Orléans, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001ORLE0003.
Full textBernaudeau, Vincent. "Magistrats et juges de paix en Maine-et-Loire : 1848-1906." Angers, 2004. http://www.theses.fr/2004ANGE0028.
Full textDionnet, Jean-Pierre. "Le droit de pétition durant la Restauration, 1814-1830 : contribution à l'histoire socio-politique française du XIXe siècle." Poitiers, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001POIT3015.
Full textDoria, Corinne. "Filosofia, politica e morale nel pensiero di Pierre Paul Royer-Collard (1763-1845)." Paris 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PA010656.
Full textDorandeu, Renaud. "Faire de la politique : contribution à l'étude des processus de politisation : l'exemple de l'Hérault, de 1848 à 1914." Montpellier 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992MON10001.
Full textMenant, Fabien. "Les députés du Corps législatifs sous le Consulat et l'Empire (1799-1815)." Paris 4, 2009. http://www.numeriquepremium.com/content/books/9782847366402.
Full textThe Legislative Body of the First Empire remains one of the least studied and most poorly understood institutions of the French parliamentarian history. Yet, it is of significant interest from both juridical and social points of view. The proceedings of the annual meetings of the three hundred “notables”, who were supposed to represent the entire Nation, are essential to the understanding of the creation of the imperial notability. The cohort of the one-thousand-four-hundred and sixty-one individuals who sat in the Legislative Body during its existence, constitute an excellent illustration of the imperial society and it also illustrates the composition of the elites whose development was desired by the Emperor. For the notables this assembly was important because it showcased the recognition of their economic and social power. The Legislative Body may be considered in many ways, as the forerunner of the various assemblies of the beginning of the 19th century: by attempting to diminish the influence of these assemblies, Napoleon inadvertently contributed to the emergence of the political elite of the Parliamentary Monarchy. The Legislative Body was the last of the Revolutionary Assemblies, and as such, was also the first Assembly of the notables’ France
Guislin, Jean-Marc. "Le travail parlementaire à l'Assemblée Nationale de 1871, à travers les représentants du Pas-de-Calais : familles politiques et tempéraments régionaux." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100105.
Full textOur main sources have been : Le Journal Officiel (the Official Gazette), four local papers : l’Avenir, l’Ordre, Le Pas-de-Calais, Le Courrier du Pas-de-Calais ; le C set records of the Archives Nationales ; a few testimonies. First all the study deals with the general and partial parliamentary elections in Pas-de-Calais from 1871 to 1875, the result of which express the Republicans smallness-then their progression ; the permanence of conservatism, more especially Bonapartism. Secondly, it turns on the MPs’ conditions of installation and work. The analysis of the parliamentary work considers the daily legislative activity in sessions, committees and “bureaux”. The MPs defend the local interests, are interested in economic and juridico-administrative problems, and in reorganization bills. They do not much participate in the great political proceedings except for Marel and Paris. More particularly, the latter is the chairman of the constitutional committee in February 1875. The examination of the member’s vote allows us that the discipline of vote does not exist yet. The study of parliamentary rhetoric has consisted in distinguishing the different sorts of intervention. The analysis of the longest one brings out the very elaborate character of the speeches in which the MPs make use of all the oratory strategies. The apostrophes are mostly used by the members of the extremist and minority groups in order upset the adversary. A conservative ideology does become apparent after the study of the speeches. In conclusion, a typology of the most active members is outlined according to their phrasing or their own centres of interest
Mélonio, Françoise. "Tocqueville dans la culture française." Paris 10, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991PA100062.
Full textTocqueville's work interweaves the different political cultures of western history : absolutist and revolutionary culture, French and American democratic cultures. Therefore the uneasy reception of the work throws light on the peculiarity of French political culture. Also twisted according to sectarian quarrels, the reception of the work cannot be reduced to polemical debates. Hence the two parts of the study : chronological and thematic. Widely read in 1835 Democracy offered rather a stock of polemical arguments than a dogmatic frame. Tocqueville was not recognized as a head thinker before the Second Empire. But after 1880 Tocqueville's work looses its political efficiency and moreover appears literally obsolete, with spread of scientist models. Tocqueville who has been the thinker of French democratic transition has been only a critical thinker. Therefore the second part of the study is devoted to Tocqueville's originality as it appears through the comments, with regard to the method, the conception of democracy and artistocracy and the ideal of public good
Grévy, Jérôme. "Les opportunistes : milieu et culture politiques, 1871-1889." Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996IEPP0029.
Full textThe term opportunist has lost its original meaning. It is used, wrongly, to designate all non-radical republicans of the last three decades of the 19th century and to qualify a political wave of social conservatism. In reality, during the 1870s and the beginning of the 1880s the opportunists formed a restricted and clearly identifiable political group which elaborated a most reformist project and undertook the structuring of the Republican party. Gambetta and his close friends, who had fought the empire, and then led an extremist war against Prussia, imposed themselves little by little from July 1871 on at the head of the Republican movement. They eclipsed the old-school republicans whose utopic and revolutionary programs they denounced and maintained a pragmatic, reformist and governmental line while proclaiming their fidelity to the principles of 1789 and their desire to transform society progressively. To avoid repeating previous errors they tried to discipline the Republican party. Their newspapers, the "République francaise" and the "Petite République française" together with the parliamentary group, the "Union républicaine" were decisive arms to to coordinate the work of the election committees and the republican associations. The opportunists allowed the republic to be established but were also the butt of a double republican opposition coming from the radicals and the moderates. The former accused them of having betrayed the ideals of their youth and of being opportunists while the latter feared their duplicity. United together, they barred their road to power. After Gambetta's death, his friends became reconciled with Ferry and together with all the moderates made up a vast and little-structured group
Scialom, Rémy. "La distinction lois politiques - lois civiles : 1748-1804." Aix-Marseille 3, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003AIX32030.
Full textDesirous of clarifying a confused legal system and of resulting in human bliss, in L'Esprit des lois published in 1748, Montesquieu makes the distinction between political and civil laws. Identifying Civil law with Private law, he calls political law public and likens laws and law. To achieve his aim - the good of individuals and of society- the legal system must lean on public law since it comes from natural rights. Hence the primacy of political laws over civil laws. Given a rough handling by the critics, sometimes even disparaged, the distinction which was consolidated by the members of parliament, l'Ecole du droit naturel, and les Maximes du droit public français becomes the rule thanks to the philosophers of the Enlightenment. The notion of constitution, the politization of civil laws under the Revolution and the civil code reassert the primacy of political laws. Anticipating the relations between public law and private law which were established by the drafters of the civil code, the distinction between civil and political laws constitutes an intermediate stage in the setting of the important classifications of law. However, from the second half of the 19th century, the division line between political and civil laws, and between public and private laws becoming vaguer and vaguer its route has been in need of being drawn a new
Caille, Frédéric. "Les instruments de la vertu : l'Etat, le citoyen et la figure du sauveteur en France : construction sociale et usages politiques de l'exemplarité morale de la fin de l'Ancien Régime à 1914." Grenoble 2, 1997. http://www.theses.fr/1997GRE21005.
Full textThis study tries to apprehend the comprehension of the concrete republican citizenship. In this aim, it proposes to think about the role played by the massive social promotion of morally exemplary behaviours in the acceptance and putting into practice, at the end of 19th century, of this kind of social and political link model. The work considers the procedures developped to this effect, and more specifically the ones which concern the generic figure of the devoted, helpful and courageous individual : the rescuer. The first part introduces three types of procedures. First, the official honorary distinctions for acts of courage and devotion, presented in the context of the growth of civil distinctions during the 19th century, and in the detail of their institutionalization. Secondly, the prices of virtue awarded by the "academie francaise" and the other provincial academic societies, institutions which grew in an amazing fashion from 1866. Third, the national society of the encouragement to the good, a private association established in 1864 and which acquired during the third republic the status of a real national institution. The second part examines the social and political uses of the rescuer figure, beginning by the investigation of the popular press and the political and media management of the "bazar de la charite" fire. The genesis of the rescuers associations, their promotors and their political viewpoint untill the begining of the 20th century are described afterwards. Mutual aid associations between decorated rescuers, rescuing societies, first-aid workers and "athletic rescue" are characterized in fact by the promotion of virtuous behaviours. We conclude with the analysis of the failed passage of the legislation concerning the indemnization of injured rescuers. The general conclusion returns on the political reconstruction of "citizenship", which is shown by the various political uses of moral exemplarity