Journal articles: 'Procedurl generation'

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Lee, Ronald M. "Automated generation of electronic procedures: procedure constraint grammars." Decision Support Systems 33, no. 3 (July 2002): 291–308. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-9236(02)00017-9.

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Agarwal, Shubham, and Abhimanyu Bhatter. "Automated Software Test Data Generation Using Improved Search Procedure." Lecture Notes on Software Engineering 3, no. 2 (2015): 152–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.7763/lnse.2015.v3.181.

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Polovikova, O. N., V. V. Shiryaev, N. M. Oskorbin, and L. L. Smolyakova. "Features of Software Implementation of Logical Tasks in Prolog." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 1(117) (March 17, 2021): 116–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2021)1-20.

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One of the promising areas for using Prolog-systems is to solve logical tasks. This study outlines a solution approach based on the state generation procedure and the verification procedure. A solution to a logical task is presented, which demonstrates in practice the proposed approach and method of specifying a procedure for generating states. In the proposed example, a bit chain is generated that defines the code of a particular letter in the solution of the applied problem. Building a solution by means of code generation with verification allows not storing in the knowledge base a binary tree of all possible codes. The process of generating new states can be associated with the training of the program, with the dynamic formation of the knowledge base. The approach is based on the capabilities of software environments for adding facts and rules to existing ones, which were obtained as the results of the program or its stages. In this case, the entire program is the generating rule. An analysis of the constructed and tested procedures for the dynamic generation of states and the generation of facts allows us to talk about the applicability of such a solution for certain applied problems.

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Cannizzo, Alejandro, and Esmitt Ramírez. "Towards Procedural Map and Character Generation for the MOBA Game Genre." Ingeniería y Ciencia 11, no. 22 (July 31, 2015): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.17230/ingciencia.11.22.5.

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In this paper, we present an approach to create assets using proceduralalgorithms in maps generation and dynamic adaptation of characters for a MOBA video game, preserving the balancing feature to players. Maps arecreated based on offering equal chances of winning or losing for both teams. Also, a character adaptation system is developed which allows changing the attributes of players in real-time according to their behaviour, always maintaining the game balanced. Our tests show the effectiveness of the proposed algorithms to establish the adequate values in a MOBA videogame.

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Ade, Nilesh, Noor Quddus, Trent Parker, and S. Camille Peres. "ProBot – A Procedure Chatbot for Digital Procedural Adherence." Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 64, no. 1 (December 2020): 224–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1071181320641054.

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One of the major implications of Industry 4.0 will be the application of digital procedures in process industries. Digital procedures are procedures that are accessed through a smart gadget such as a tablet or a phone. However, like paper-based procedures their usability is limited by their access. The issue of accessibility is magnified in tasks such as loading a hopper car with plastic pellets wherein the operators typically place the procedure at a safe distance from the worksite. This drawback can be tackled in the case of digital procedures using artificial intelligence-based voice enabled conversational agent (chatbot). As a part of this study, we have developed a chatbot for assisting digital procedure adherence. The chatbot is trained using the possible set of queries from the operator and text from the digital procedures through deep learning and provides responses using natural language generation. The testing of the chatbot is performed using a simulated conversation with an operator performing the task of loading a hopper car.

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Conti, Sergio, Massimo Moltrasio, Gaetano Fassini, Fabrizio Tundo, Stefania Riva, Antonio Dello Russo, Michela Casella, et al. "Comparison between First- and Second-Generation Cryoballoon for Paroxysmal Atrial Fibrillation Ablation." Cardiology Research and Practice 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/5106127.

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Introduction. Cryoballoon (CB) ablation has emerged as a novel treatment for pulmonary vein isolation (PVI) for patients with paroxysmal atrial fibrillation (PAF). The second-generation Arctic Front Advance (ADV) was redesigned with technical modifications aiming at procedural and outcome improvements. We aimed to compare the efficacy of the two different technologies over a long-term follow-up.Methods. A total of 120 patients with PAF were enrolled. Sixty patients underwent PVI using the first-generation CB and 60 patients with the ADV catheter. All patients were evaluated over a follow-up period of 2 years.Results. There were no significant differences between the two groups of patients. Procedures performed with the first-generation CB showed longer fluoroscopy time (36.3±16.8versus14.2±13.5 min, resp.;p=0.00016) and longer procedure times as well (153.1±32versus102±24.8 min, resp.;p=0.019). The overall long-term success was significantly different between the two groups (68.3 versus 86.7%, resp.;p=0.017). No differences were found in the lesion areas of left and right PV between the two groups (resp.,p=0.61and0.57). There were no significant differences in procedural-related complications.Conclusion. The ADV catheter compared to the first-generation balloon allows obtaining a significantly higher success rate after a single PVI procedure during the long-term follow-up. Fluoroscopy and procedural times were significantly shortened using the ADV catheter.

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Hollnagel, Erik, Yuji Niwa, and Mark Green. "Computerised Procedure Generation." IFAC Proceedings Volumes 31, no. 26 (September 1998): 359–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1474-6670(17)40119-4.

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Zacher, Hannes. "Using Lifespan Developmental Theory and Methods as a Viable Alternative to the Study of Generational Differences at Work." Industrial and Organizational Psychology 8, no. 3 (September 2015): 342–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/iop.2015.47.

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I agree with Costanza and Finkelstein (2015) that it is futile to further invest in the study of generational differences in the work context due to a lack of appropriate theory and methods. The key problem with the generations concept is that splitting continuous variables such as age or time into a few discrete units involves arbitrary cutoffs and atheoretical groupings of individuals (e.g., stating that all people born between the early 1960s and early 1980s belong to Generation X). As noted by methodologists, this procedure leads to a loss of information about individuals and reduced statistical power (MacCallum, Zhang, Preacher, & Rucker, 2002). Due to these conceptual and methodological limitations, I regard it as very difficult if not impossible to develop a “comprehensive theory of generations” (Costanza & Finkelstein, p. 20) and to rigorously examine generational differences at work in empirical studies.

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Davis, Santia M., Shahram Sarkani, and Thomas Mazzuchi. "A Systematic Approach to Identifying Engineering Generational Knowledge Transfer Boundaries." Journal of Information & Knowledge Management 11, no. 03 (September 2012): 1250015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219649212500153.

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As organisations evaluate increasing retirement rates coupled with the rate of entering engineers, there is a need to address the presence of generational knowledge transfer boundaries. These unidentified boundaries impede the strategic transfer of engineering and architectural knowledge (STEAK) required for continued engineering growth. Using an interdisciplinary approach to define the engineering generational knowledge transfer boundaries provided useful knowledge sharing characteristics and procedures which all generations and disciplines can utilise. This research study provided a level of insight not previously explored and presented a model that can be used to evaluate how organisations will react to and leverage the knowledge across generations. Specifically, this study helps close the generational knowledge transfer boundary research gap with proper identification of the engineering generational knowledge transfer boundaries. This will allow management to propose strategies to attract and retain the next generation of knowledge workers. The article discusses these findings in detail and summarises the results in a proposed STEAK model and framework.

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Shih, Neng-Yih, and Hsing-Chung Chen. "An approach for selecting candidates in soft-handover procedure using multi-generating procedure and second grey relational analysis." Computer Science and Information Systems 11, no. 3 (2014): 1173–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/csis130930071s.

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The objective of this paper is to develop a decision-making approach for selecting candidates in soft-handover procedure in 3th or 4th generation mobile communication through grey relational analysis of the series similarity and approximation. The multi-generating and second grey relational analysis procedure is applied to select candidates in soft-handover procedure with considerations of the velocity and acceleration similarity of multi-generating data. The validation of computer simulation models illustrate how the approach can be applied in candidates selection in soft-handover, and obtain the best results of feasibility and effectiveness for user equipment (UE) in 3th or 4th generation mobile communications. Moreover, the approach could be easily applied to soft-handover procedure for the mobile communication systems. In this proposed approach is performed to select the candidate target cells by UE instead of eNodeB. It could provide a first solution to choose the candidate target cells through comparing multiple measured data for candidate-selecting with the target communication cell.

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Klopotan, Igor, Ana Aleksić, and Nikolina Vinković. "Do Business Ethics and Ethical Decision Making Still Matter: Perspective of Different Generational Cohorts." Business Systems Research Journal 11, no. 1 (March 1, 2020): 31–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bsrj-2020-0003.

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AbstractBackground: Research in business ethics shows that individual differences can influence one’s ethical behaviour. In addition, variability in attitudes towards ethical issues among different generations is emphasized. Still, results are inconclusive and call for an additional examination of possible generational differences with regard to ethics and ethical values.Objectives: Our objective is to test if the perception of the importance of business ethics, attitudes towards ethical issues and aspects influencing ethical behaviour, differ among the four generations currently present in the workforce.Methods/Approach: Theoretical implications are empirically tested on a sample of 107 individuals, members of Baby Boomers, Generation X, Millennials and Generation Z.Results: In general, the results indicate that there are little or no generational differences related to the analysed aspects of business ethics. The significant difference is present only in the importance given to factors that influence ethical decision-making: (i) formal rules and procedures, (ii) performance management system and (iii) job pressures, between the members of Generation Z and older generations.Conclusions: In spite of employee diversity, ethics continues to present an important aspect of the business environment. Thus, organizations need to be oriented towards creating ethical leaders and a positive ethical climate that ensures that ethical values and behaviours are present throughout the organization.

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Savu, Tom, and Bogdan Abaza. "An Algorithm for Generating Product’s Structure in a Simulation Framework." Applied Mechanics and Materials 760 (May 2015): 99–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.760.99.

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The paper is describing an algorithm for randomly generating the orders received by a simulated manufacturing system. Based on a previously defined Petri Net type representation of the product, there is presented the proposed structure generation algorithm.The algorithm was implemented in a graphical programming environment which will serve also for developing the manufacturing system simulator, so the paper is describing the procedures for generating the records from the proposed data structure.Running the implemented procedure generated a product’s structure with the main components graphically represented complying with the data definition to be used in the simulation framework.

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Bijma, Piter, Johan A. M. Van Arendonk, and John A. Woolliams. "A General Procedure for Predicting Rates of Inbreeding in Populations Undergoing Mass Selection." Genetics 154, no. 4 (April 1, 2000): 1865–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/genetics/154.4.1865.

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Abstract Predictions of rates of inbreeding (ΔF), based on the concept of long-term genetic contributions assuming the infinitesimal model, are developed for populations with discrete or overlapping generations undergoing mass selection. Phenotypes of individuals are assumed to be recorded prior to reproductive age and to remain constant over time. The prediction method accounts for inheritance of selective advantage both within and between age classes and for changing selection intensities with age. Terms corresponding to previous methods that assume constant selection intensity with age are identified. Predictions are accurate (relative errors ≤8%), except for cases with extreme selection intensities in females in combination with high heritability. With overlapping generations ΔF reaches a maximum when parents are equally distributed over age classes, which is mainly due to selection of the same individuals in consecutive years. ΔF/year decreases much more slowly compared to ΔF/generation as the number of younger individuals increases, whereas the decrease is more similar as the number of older individuals increases. The minimum ΔF (per year or per generation) is obtained when most parents were in the later age classes, which is mainly due to an increased number of parents per generation. With overlapping generations, the relationship between heritability and ΔF is dependent on the age structure of the population.

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Grundy, B., B. Villanueva, and J. A. Woolliams. "Dynamic selection for maximizing response with constrained inbreeding in schemes with overlapping generations." Animal Science 70, no. 3 (June 2000): 373–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1357729800051717.

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AbstractA dynamic selection algorithm for maximizing annual genetic response while constraining the rate of inbreeding per generation in populations with overlapping generations is presented. The procedure gives the optimum number of individuals to be selected and the progeny they each produce. The solution to the problem was obtained by using BLUP estimated breeding values, the augmented numerator relationship matrix and lifetime breeding profiles. The procedure was able to constrain the rate of inbreeding per generation to a predefined level across generations of selection by considering all gene flow pathways. The optimization procedure represents an improvement on standard truncation BLUP selection, as it yielded substantially more genetic response (up to 35%) at the same rate of inbreeding.

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Galin, E., A. Peytavie, N. Maréchal, and E. Guérin. "Procedural Generation of Roads." Computer Graphics Forum 29, no. 2 (May 2010): 429–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8659.2009.01612.x.

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van der Linden, Roland, Ricardo Lopes, and Rafael Bidarra. "Procedural Generation of Dungeons." IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games 6, no. 1 (March 2014): 78–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tciaig.2013.2290371.

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Rose, Anna M., Jacob M. Rose, Ikseon Suh, and Jay C. Thibodeau. "Analytical Procedures: Are More Good Ideas Always Better for Audit Quality?" Behavioral Research in Accounting 32, no. 1 (July 1, 2019): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2308/bria-52512.

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ABSTRACT Analytical procedures are critical to the financial statement auditing process and involve the auditor generating and considering multiple explanations for account fluctuations. We examine whether generating more or fewer explanations during analytical procedures improves audit quality. Research from fields outside of accounting suggests that generating many explanations can exacerbate judgment biases. We conduct an experiment with 92 senior auditors from two Big 4 firms to investigate whether the generation of more plausible explanations about potential misstatements hinders professional skepticism by increasing auditors' tendencies to anchor on client-provided explanations. We find that the generation of more plausible explanations increases the perceived difficulty of the task, which leads to anchoring on client explanations. Increased anchoring results in reduced assessments of fraud risk, an important component of the risk assessment process. These findings suggest that generating more explanations during analytics procedures can be counterproductive.

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Jackson, Tanya, Danika Deibert, Graeme Wyatt, Quentin Durand-Moreau, Anil Adisesh, Kamlesh Khunti, Sachin Khunti, et al. "Classification of aerosol-generating procedures: a rapid systematic review." BMJ Open Respiratory Research 7, no. 1 (October 2020): e000730. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjresp-2020-000730.

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In the context of covid-19, aerosol generating procedures have been highlighted as requiring a higher grade of personal protective equipment. We investigated how official guidance documents and academic publications have classified procedures in terms of whether or not they are aerosol-generating. We performed a rapid systematic review using preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and meta-analyses standards. Guidelines, policy documents and academic papers published in english or french offering guidance on aerosol-generating procedures were eligible. We systematically searched two medical databases (medline, cochrane central) and one public search engine (google) in march and april 2020. Data on how each procedure was classified by each source were extracted. We determined the level of agreement across different guidelines for each procedure group, in terms of its classification as aerosol generating, possibly aerosol-generating, or nonaerosol-generating. 128 documents met our inclusion criteria; they contained 1248 mentions of procedures that we categorised into 39 procedure groups. Procedures classified as aerosol-generating or possibly aerosol-generating by ≥90% of documents included autopsy, surgery/postmortem procedures with high-speed devices, intubation and extubation procedures, bronchoscopy, sputum induction, manual ventilation, airway suctioning, cardiopulmonary resuscitation, tracheostomy and tracheostomy procedures, non-invasive ventilation, high-flow oxygen therapy, breaking closed ventilation systems, nebulised or aerosol therapy, and high frequency oscillatory ventilation. Disagreements existed between sources on some procedure groups, including oral and dental procedures, upper gastrointestinal endoscopy, thoracic surgery and procedures, and nasopharyngeal and oropharyngeal swabbing. There is sufficient evidence of agreement across different international guidelines to classify certain procedure groups as aerosol generating. However, some clinically relevant procedures received surprisingly little mention in our source documents. To reduce dissent on the remainder, we recommend that (a) clinicians define procedures more clearly and specifically, breaking them down into their constituent components where possible; (b) researchers undertake further studies of aerosolisation during these procedures; and (c) guideline-making and policy-making bodies address a wider range of procedures.

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Groen, A. F., T. H. E. Meuwissen, A. R. Vollema, and E. W. Brascamp. "A comparison of alternative index procedures for multiple generation selection on non-linear profit." Animal Science 59, no. 1 (August 1994): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0003356100007443.

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AbstractAlternative index procedures for selection on non-linear profit are quadratic indices, desired gains indices, group or mate selection indices, or direct optimization of responses over multiple generations. In this study a multiple generation time horizon was considered and several linear, quadratic and desired gains indices were compared. Genetic and economic responses over multiple generations were calculated considering a quadratic profit function combining protein yield and days open.Directly optimizing reponse over multiple generations was found to yield slightly higher economic responses (+ < l.5%) than stepwise (each generation) adjustment of a linear index. A constant linear index using base population averages and a quadratic index were found to be less efficient. The quadratic index was less efficient than the linear index when considering multiple generations. Desired gains indices allowed stabilization of base population average for days open, however, forcing considerable economic losses. Relative efficiencies of methods depended on the degree of non-linearity of the profit function.

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Tripodi, Armando. "Usefulness of Thrombin Generation." Hämostaseologie 40, no. 04 (July 30, 2020): 509–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1200-0417.

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AbstractThrombin generation (TG) is a global coagulation procedure meant to continuously monitor thrombin formation and decay upon exposure of platelet-poor plasma to exogenous triggers such as tissue factor, phospholipids, and calcium chloride. The procedure can also be performed in platelet-rich plasma by omitting exogenous phospholipids. TG is thought to mimic more than other coagulation procedures the process that occurs in vivo. Over the years, TG has been used to investigate coagulation mechanisms, which were not completely understood, or to investigate hyper- or hypocoagulability in clinical conditions known to be at increased risk of thrombosis or hemorrhage, respectively. More recently, TG has been employed as a laboratory tool to assess the risk of recurrent venous thromboembolism or to assess the risk of arterial thromboembolism in specific clinical settings or in the general population. The article reviews the value and limitations of TG.

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Giakouminaki, Olga. "The EU Legality Principle in Public Procurement Contracts." Nordic Journal of European Law 3, no. 1 (July 12, 2020): 35–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.36969/njel.v3i1.21992.

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The early interest that EU law has demonstrated for public procurement contracts has gradually been molded into a sector-specific paradigm of European administrative law. Despite the constant movement of the sector counting already four generations of substantive and two generations of procedural EU law, its qualification as administrative law provides some pillars of stability; as an expression of a sui generis principle of legality, the award of public contracts is organized via formalistic, yet sometimes rigid and time-consuming procedures, due process emerging as a common principle among national and supranational administrative systems. Even though due process constitutes the gateway to accountability, the aim of the paper is limited to underlining the indicators of administrative procedure in the award of public contracts.

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Jonas, Richard A. "WJPCHS Presidential Address: Threats to the Continuing Globalization of Early Primary Repair." World Journal for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery 10, no. 1 (January 2019): 58–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2150135118815028.

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The outgoing presidential address presented by the author at the July 2018 meeting of the World Society for Pediatric and Congenital Heart Surgery focuses on forces threatening the movement toward single-stage repair of congenital heart anomalies in the young. Issues that are of particular importance in the United States are challenges in training the next generation of surgeons, an increasing percentage of premature neonates, and the use of data analytics by hospital administration which incentivizes inflation of procedural numbers. However, the most important factor is the ranking of hospitals by the lay press with heavy emphasis on early procedural mortality rather than patient survival. In contrast to current databases used for such rankings, the new World Society database is planning to collect patient admissions rather than procedural number as the key denominator to allow accurate calculation of patient survival. The current heavy weighting of procedural success (ie, early hospital mortality) in establishing rankings of hospitals is encouraging centers to undertake palliative procedures in high-risk patients or avoiding a surgical procedure altogether.

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Doggett, Nathan, Chung-Wai Chow, and Samira Mubareka. "Characterization of Experimental and Clinical Bioaerosol Generation During Potential Aerosol-Generating Procedures." Chest 158, no. 6 (December 2020): 2467–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.chest.2020.07.026.

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Yannakakis, G. N., and J. Togelius. "Experience-Driven Procedural Content Generation." IEEE Transactions on Affective Computing 2, no. 3 (July 2011): 147–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/t-affc.2011.6.

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Mendonça, Matheus R. F., and Artur Ziviani. "Network-Based Procedural Story Generation." Computers in Entertainment 16, no. 3 (September 12, 2018): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3236494.

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De Kegel, Barbara, and Mads Haahr. "Procedural Puzzle Generation: A Survey." IEEE Transactions on Games 12, no. 1 (March 2020): 21–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tg.2019.2917792.

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Hendrikx, Mark, Sebastiaan Meijer, Joeri Van Der Velden, and Alexandru Iosup. "Procedural content generation for games." ACM Transactions on Multimedia Computing, Communications, and Applications 9, no. 1 (February 2013): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2422956.2422957.

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Sabnani, Krishan, and Anton Dahbura. "A protocol test generation procedure." Computer Networks and ISDN Systems 15, no. 4 (September 1988): 285–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0169-7552(88)90064-5.

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Klein, Cerry M., and Hahn-Kyou Rhee. "An assembly sequence generation procedure." Computers & Industrial Engineering 21, no. 1-4 (January 1991): 63–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0360-8352(91)90064-d.

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Roberts, Jonathan, and Ke Chen. "Learning-Based Procedural Content Generation." IEEE Transactions on Computational Intelligence and AI in Games 7, no. 1 (March 2015): 88–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tciaig.2014.2335273.

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Viana, Breno M. F., and Selan R. Dos Santos. "Procedural Dungeon Generation: A Survey." Journal on Interactive Systems 12, no. 1 (August 13, 2021): 83–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/jis.2021.999.

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Procedural content generation (PCG) is a method of content creation entirely or partially done by computers. PCG is popularly employed in game development to produce game content, such as maps and levels. Representative examples of games using PCG are Rogue (1998), which introduced the roguelike genre, and No Man’s Sky (2016), which generated whole worlds with fauna and flora. PCG may generate final contents, ready to be added to a game, or intermediate contents, which might be polished by human designers or work as an input level sketch to be interpreted by a level translator. In this paper, we survey the current state of procedural dungeon generation (PDG) research, a PCG subarea, applied in the context of games. For each work we selected in this survey, we examined and compared how they created game features, what type of level structure and representation they propose, which content generation strategy they applied, and, finally, we classify them according to the taxonomy of procedural content generation proposed by Togelius et al. (2016). The most relevant findings of our survey are: (1) PDG for 3D levels has been little explored; (2) few works supported levels with barriers, a game mechanic which temporarily blocks the player progression, and; (3) mixed-initiative approaches, i.e., software that helps human designers by making suggestions to the levels being created, are little explored.

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Ahmad, Afaq, and Mohammed M. Bait Suwailam. "A Less Complex Algorithmic Procedure for Computing Gray Codes." Journal of Engineering Research [TJER] 6, no. 2 (December 1, 2009): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.24200/tjer.vol6iss2pp12-19.

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The purpose of this paper is to present a new and faster algorithmic procedure for generating the n bi Gray codes. Thereby, through this paper we have presented the derivation, design and implementation of a newly developed algorithm for the generation of an n-bit binary reflected Gray code sequences. The developed algorithm is stemmed from the fact of generating and properly placing the min-terms from the universal set of all the possible min-terms [m0 m1 m2 …. mN] of Boolean function of n variables, where, 0 < N < 2n-1. The resulting algorithm is in concise form and trivial to implement. Furthermore, the developed algorithm is equipped with added attributes of optimizing of time and space while executed.

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Nefedov, Aleksandr, and Vladislav Shakirov. "Two-step procedure for multi-criteria choice of generating-capacity structure in remote areas." E3S Web of Conferences 77 (2019): 02009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/20197702009.

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The paper dwells upon the problem of multi-criteria choice of ways to develop generating capacities to supply power to remote consumers. We herein propose a two-step multi-criteria analysis method: choosing promising power-generation technology first, and then specifying the generating-capacity structure. The paper describes the structure of the proposed multi-criteria methods: the interval TOPSIS method for Step 1; for Step 2, an upgraded analytic hierarchy process based on identifying the structure of the decision maker’s preferences. We demonstrate the use of this method with evidence from the Penzhinsky District, Kamchatka Krai. Thermal power plants, hydroelectric power plants, diesel power plants, as well as solar and wind power are analyzed as power sources. Step 1 includes: analyzing the potential power-supply loads in a specific area; formulating alternative power-generation technology; formulating goals and criteria; criterion-based evaluation of alternative options using objective and subjective models; multi-criteria evaluation of alternatives; analyzing the sensitivity of results and the selection of promising technology. Step 2 includes: formulating goals and criteria on the basis of the selected power-generation technologies; formulating the available alternatives; criterion-based evaluation of alternatives; multi-criteria evaluation and final decision-making.

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Langenbach, Pascal, and Franziska Tausch. "Inherited Institutions: Cooperation in the Light of Democratic Legitimacy." Journal of Law, Economics, and Organization 35, no. 2 (May 27, 2019): 364–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jleo/ewz004.

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Abstract We experimentally investigate whether the procedural history of a sanctioning institution affects cooperation in a social dilemma. Subjects inherit the institutional setting from a previous generation of subjects who either decided on the implementation of the institution democratically by majority vote or were exogenously assigned a setting. In order to isolate the impact of the voting procedure, no information about the cooperation history is provided. In line with existing empirical evidence, we observe that in the starting generation cooperation is higher (lower) with a democratically chosen (rejected) institution, as compared to the corresponding, randomly imposed setting. In the second generation, we find no positive effect of the democratic procedural history on cooperation when the institution is implemented. Yet, the vote-based rejection of the institution leads to (marginally) less cooperation in the second generation.

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TREGUBOVA, I. A. "FRACTAL GRAPHICS FOR VIRTUAL ENVIRONMENT GENERATION." Digital Technologies 26 (2019): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.33243/2313-7010-26-29-35.

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Progress in hardware and software development is impressively fast. The main reason of computer graphics fast improvement is a full experience that can be reached though visual representation of our world. Therefore, the most interesting problem of it is a realistic image with high quality and resolution, which often requires procedural graphics generation. The article analyzes simplicity of a fractal and mathematics abstraction. Mathematics describes not only accuracy and logic but also beauty of the Universe. Mountains, clouds, trees, cells do not fit into the world of Euclidean geometry. They cannot be described by its methods. But fractals and fractal geometry solve that problem. Fractals are fairly simple equations on a sheet of paper with bright, unusual images, and, above all, they explain things. Fractal is a figure in the space, which consists of statistical character as the whole. It is self-similar, and therefore looks ‘roughly’ same and does not depend on its scale. So, any complex object can be called a fractal, if it has the same shape, as the parts it consists of. Fractal is abstract, and it helps to translate any algebraic problem into geometric, where solution is always obvious. A lot of researches in the field of fractal graphics has been carried out, but there are still issues that deserve considerable attention and more perfect solutions. The main purpose of the work is codes development with object-oriented programming languages for fractal graphics rendering. The article analyzes simplicity of a fractal and mathematics abstraction. Procedural generation was described as a method of algorithmic data generation for 3D models and textures creation. Code was written with general-purpose programming language Python, which renders step by step creation of fractal composition and variations of fractal images. Fractal generation used for modeling is part of realism in computer graphics In summary, procedural generation is very important for video games, as it can be used to automatically create large amount of game content. The random generation of natural looking landscapes is based on geometric computer generated images Created compositions can be used in computer science for image compression, in medicine for the study of the cellular level of organs, etc.

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Patel-Schneider, P. F., and R. Sebastiani. "A New General Method to Generate Random Modal Formulae for Testing Decision Procedures." Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 18 (April 1, 2003): 351–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.1166.

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The recent emergence of heavily-optimized modal decision procedures has highlighted the key role of empirical testing in this domain. Unfortunately, the introduction of extensive empirical tests for modal logics is recent, and so far none of the proposed test generators is very satisfactory. To cope with this fact, we present a new random generation method that provides benefits over previous methods for generating empirical tests. It fixes and much generalizes one of the best-known methods, the random CNF_[]m test, allowing for generating a much wider variety of problems, covering in principle the whole input space. Our new method produces much more suitable test sets for the current generation of modal decision procedures. We analyze the features of the new method by means of an extensive collection of empirical tests.

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Dargaud, Yesim, Anne Lienhart, and Claude Negrier. "Prospective assessment of thrombin generation test for dose monitoring of bypassing therapy in hemophilia patients with inhibitors undergoing elective surgery." Blood 116, no. 25 (December 16, 2010): 5734–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2010-06-291906.

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Abstract Clinical response to bypassing agents (BPAs) may vary between patients. Surgery is a particular situation, requiring effective hemostasis during the procedure and for several days postoperatively to obtain satisfactory wound healing. However, the optimal dose of BPA in different surgical situations has not been clearly established. We report here a prospective assessment of thrombin generation test (TGT) in monitoring the effectiveness of BPA during 10 elective invasive procedures performed in 6 patients with severe hemophilia and high-titer inhibitors. A standardized 3-step protocol was used in all cases to individually tailor BPA. Thrombin-generating capacity of patients increased after in vitro and ex vivo addition of BPA in a dose-dependent manner. Our results also showed a correlation between in vivo clinical response to BPA and thrombin-generating capacity. These data suggest that TGT may represent a surrogate marker for monitoring bypassing therapies in surgical situations.

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Jones, D. A., and K. J. Sene. "A Bayesian approach to flow record infilling and extension for reservoir design." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 3, no. 4 (December 31, 1999): 491–503. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-3-491-1999.

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Abstract. A Bayesian approach is described for dealing with the problem of infilling and generating stochastic flow sequences using rainfall data to guide the flow generation process, and including bounded (censored) observed flow and rainfall data to provide additional information. Solutions are obtained using a Gibbs sampling procedure. Particular problems discussed include developing new procedures for fitting transformations when bounded values are available, coping with additional information in the form of values, or bounds, for totals of flows across several sites, and developing relationships between annual flow and rainfall data. Examples are shown of both infilled values of unknown past river flows, with assessment of uncertainty, and realisations of flows representative of what might occur in the future. Several procedures for validating the model output are described and the central estimates of flows, taken as a surrogate for historical observed flows, are compared with long term regional flow and rainfall data.

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Bronstert, A., and A. Bárdossy. "The role of spatial variability of soil moisture for modelling surface runoff generation at the small catchment scale." Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 3, no. 4 (December 31, 1999): 505–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-3-505-1999.

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Abstract. A Bayesian approach is described for dealing with the problem of infilling and generating stochastic flow sequences using rainfall data to guide the flow generation process, and including bounded (censored) observed flow and rainfall data to provide additional information. Solutions are obtained using a Gibbs sampling procedure. Particular problems discussed include developing new procedures for fitting transformations when bounded values are available, coping with additional information in the form of values, or bounds, for totals of flows across several sites, and developing relationships between annual flow and rainfall data. Examples are shown of both infilled values of unknown past river flows, with assessment of uncertainty, and realisations of flows representative of what might occur in the future. Several procedures for validating the model output are described and the central estimates of flows, taken as a surrogate for historical observed flows, are compared with long term regional flow and rainfall data.

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Vartolomei, Haralambie Mihail. "Theoretical Analysis of the Entropy Flow Generated by the Fluid Flow with Friction and Heat Exchange." Applied Mechanics and Materials 659 (October 2014): 499–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.659.499.

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Generating entropy is a measure of the irreversibility of a system or of its component. Any measure for minimizing the generation rate of entropy in a component of a system leads to reducing the irreversibility of the system’s assembly. We are interested into the entropy generation minimization procedure, which is the basis of the thermodynamic design.

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Barriga, Nicolas A. "A Short Introduction to Procedural Content Generation Algorithms for Videogames." International Journal on Artificial Intelligence Tools 28, no. 02 (March 2019): 1930001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218213019300011.

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One of the main costs of developing a videogame is content creation. Procedural Content Generation (PCG) can help alleviate that cost by algorithmically generating some of the content a human would normally produce. We first describe and classify the different types of content that can be automatically generated for a videogame. Then, we review the most prominent PCG algorithms, focusing on current research on search-based and machine learning based methods. Finally, we close with our take on the most important open problems and the potential impact solving them will have on the videogame industry.

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Kim, Joon-Seok, Hamdi Kavak, and Andrew Crooks. "Procedural city generation beyond game development." SIGSPATIAL Special 10, no. 2 (November 13, 2018): 34–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3292390.3292397.

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Bulgakova, Oleksandra S., Andrii V. Kudriavtsev, Vjacheslav V. Zosimov, and Valerii O. Pozdeev. "Algorithmic modifications in procedural generation systems." Control Systems and Computers, no. 3 (281) (July 2019): 52–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/csc.2019.03.052.

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Glasner, M., and D. Yevick. "A numerical procedure for soliton generation." Optical and Quantum Electronics 27, no. 9 (September 1995): 799–803. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf00567555.

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David, David, Albertus Agung, and Yudy Tirana. "Procedural dungeon generation in RPG games." Library Hi Tech News 34, no. 10 (December 4, 2017): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/lhtn-08-2017-0058.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to develop and evaluate a procedural dungeon generation application that created a variant dungeon floor. Procedural dungeon generation makes it easy for a designer to design a level. The result shows that the algorithm can create a variant dungeon based on the parameter on the game. This game also has a high re-playability, thanks to the generation process. Design/methodology/approach Research methods include methods of data collection, design and implementation. Data collection was done through research literature, questionnaires and analyzing some similar applications. Designing game application using game design document and implementation was the done using the waterfall model and the unity game engine. Findings Procedural dungeon generation is important when designing the game. If done correctly, it will reduce the designer’s time to design the map especially in dungeon, where in the dungeon, there are many floors and each floor must be designed differently based on the difficulty level of the game. The application uses the combined algorithm to create a variant dungeon, where each algorithm has its own advantages that the designer can use to design the variety of the dungeon. It also opens more algorithms to be used when creating the dungeon. Originality/value This paper uses the combined algorithm for procedural dungeon generation, and the result shows that a player has high re-playability to the game.

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Santamaría-Ibirika, Aitor, Xabier Cantero, Mikel Salazar, Jaime Devesa, Igor Santos, Sergio Huerta, and Pablo G. Bringas. "Procedural approach to volumetric terrain generation." Visual Computer 30, no. 9 (December 28, 2013): 997–1007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00371-013-0909-y.

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Nadal-Sala, Daniel, Carlos A. Gracia, and Santiago Sabaté. "The RheaG Weather Generator Algorithm: Evaluation in Four Contrasting Climates from the Iberian Peninsula." Journal of Applied Meteorology and Climatology 58, no. 1 (January 2019): 55–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1175/jamc-d-18-0170.1.

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AbstractThis paper describes the assumptions, equations, and procedures of the RheaG weather generator algorithm (WGA). RheaG was conceived for the generation of robust daily meteorological time series, whether in static or transient climate conditions. Here we analyze its performance in four Iberian locations—Bilbao, Barcelona, Madrid, and Sevilla—with differentiated climate characteristics. To validate the RheaG WGA, we compared observed and generated meteorological time series’ statistical properties of precipitation, maximum temperature, and minimum temperature for all four locations. We also compared observed and simulated rain events spell length probabilities in all four locations. Finally, RheaG includes two weather generation procedures: one in which monthly mean values for meteorological variables are unconstrained and one in which they are constrained according to a predefined baseline climate variability. Here, we compare the two weather generation procedures included in RheaG using the observed data from Barcelona. Our results present a high agreement in the statistical properties and the rain spell length probabilities between observed and generated meteorological time series. Our results show that RheaG accurately reproduces seasonal patterns of the observed meteorological time series for all four locations, and it is even able to differentiate two climatic seasons in Bilbao that are also present in the observed data. We find a trade-off between generation procedures in which the unconstrained procedure better reproduces the variability of monthly and yearly precipitation than the constrained one, but the constrained procedure is able to keep the same climatic signal across meteorological time series. Thus, the first procedure is more accurate, but the latter is able to maintain spatial autocorrelation among generated meteorological time series.

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Mujtaba, Bahaudin, and Gimol Thomas. "Leading And Managing Disparate Generations In Cross-Cultural Learning Organizations." College Teaching Methods & Styles Journal (CTMS) 1, no. 1 (July 21, 2011): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.19030/ctms.v1i1.5218.

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The enclosed literature focuses on learning about the various generations of the workforce and techniques that employers can utilize to organize collaborative teams in todays multigenerational and multicultural workplaces. Trainers and teachers can use this material to provide effective skills for managers that deal with a multi-generation of employees. Furthermore, educators can use appropriate teaching techniques with different generations of students since teachers of working adults are likely to have diverse generations of learners in their classes. There are at least four different generations in todays workforce that are categorized as traditionalists (Veterans), baby boomers, generation X, and generation Y individuals. Managers should be aware of the personality characteristics of individuals in all generations as well as their cultural backgrounds, and act accordingly. The document further discusses how decision-making, for managers of any generation, is a very critical and time-consuming procedure, and how managerial decisions do affect the companys processes dramatically. Managers should always make certain, regardless of their personal interests, likes and dislikes, that their decisions are appropriate for each generation of employees and their organizations. Organizational learning, from a systems perspective, is discussed as an effective method of understanding the processes and strategies suitable for an organization. In order to create a learning organization, managers need to emphasize teamwork and practice group activities that effectively involve people of all generations in the decision making processes. Following the eight facets of Values Driven Management can guide and focus everyones energies toward the common vision set forth by the company. Besides dealing with a multi-generation of employees, international managers face an even more complex task since they also deal with various cultures. Hence, a multi-cultural manager should acquire appropriate cultural knowledge regarding the local norms, mores and customs to effectively work with individuals of different generations throughout the world.

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Ricotta, Daniel N., C. Christopher Smith, Jakob I. McSparron, Saima I. Chaudhry, Furman S. McDonald, and Grace C. Huang. "When Old Habits Train a New Generation: Findings From a National Survey of Internal Medicine Program Directors on Procedural Training." American Journal of Medical Quality 33, no. 4 (November 29, 2017): 383–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1062860617743786.

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Resident physicians routinely perform bedside procedures that pose substantial risk to patients. However, no standard programmatic approach to supervision and procedural competency assessment among residents currently exists. The authors performed a national survey of internal medicine (IM) program directors to examine procedural assessment and supervision practices of IM residency programs. Procedures chosen were those commonly performed by medicine residents at the bedside. Of the 368 IM programs, 226 (61%) completed the survey. Programs reported the predominant method of training as 171 (74%) apprenticeship and 106 (46%) as module based. The majority of programs used direct observation to attest to competence, with 55% to 62% relying on credentialed residents. Most programs also relied on a minimum number of procedures to determine competence (64%-88%), 72% of which reported 5 procedures (a lapsed historical standard). This national survey demonstrates that procedural assessment practices for IM residents are insufficiently robust and may put patients at undue risk.

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Gdawiec, Krzysztof. "Procedural generation of aesthetic patterns from dynamics and iteration processes." International Journal of Applied Mathematics and Computer Science 27, no. 4 (December 20, 2017): 827–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/amcs-2017-0058.

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AbstractAesthetic patterns are widely used nowadays, e.g., in jewellery design, carpet design, as textures and patterns on wallpapers, etc. Most of the work during the design stage is carried out by a designer manually. Therefore, it is highly useful to develop methods for aesthetic pattern generation. In this paper, we present methods for generating aesthetic patterns using the dynamics of a discrete dynamical system. The presented methods are based on the use of various iteration processes from fixed point theory (Mann, S, Noor, etc.) and the application of an affine combination of these iterations. Moreover, we propose new convergence tests that enrich the obtained patterns. The proposed methods generate patterns in a procedural way and can be easily implemented on the GPU. The presented examples show that using the proposed methods we are able to obtain a variety of interesting patterns. Moreover, the numerical examples show that the use of the GPU implementation with shaders allows the generation of patterns in real time and the speed-up (compared with a CPU implementation) ranges from about 1000 to 2500 times.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Procedurl generation'

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