Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Procedures and Practice'
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Kruczek, Theresa A. "Influence of fee collection procedures on various therapy process variables." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/459123.
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A rural outpatient mental health center attempted to improve the efficacy of its fee collection procedure by requiring payment for therapy sessions prior to their onset. The main purpose of the change was to increase the total amount of fees collected and potentially increase the number of cancellations with 24-hour notice and decrease the number of failed appointments. These variables were assessed longitudinally over a two-year time span. Results indicated that the change in fee collection procedure alone did not significantly influence these variables. Demographic and therapeutic variables were assessed to determine their relationships to number of cancelled and failed appointments. Several therapeutic variables served as significant predictors of number of cancelled and failed appointments. Frequency of contact was positively correlated with number of cancellations. Total number of sessions was positively correlated with number of failed appointments. Therapist type was significantly correlated with number of failed appointments. The findings indicated that paying for therapy prior to the session was not a more efficient payment system and that there were several therapeutic variables which served as efficient predictors of number of cancelled and failed appointments.
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Hocking, Catherine. "Cantus firmus procedures in the Eton Choirbook." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389848.
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Wise, Susan. "Child abuse procedures and social work practice : an ethnographic approach." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.290370.
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Griffith, Alan. "Expanding knowledge and practice of construction management systems and procedures." Thesis, Sheffield Hallam University, 2006. http://shura.shu.ac.uk/20163/.
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This submission is a highly focused collection of research-based and scholarly publications in the specialist field of Construction Management. Emphasis is placed on management systems and procedures involved in the procurement and production phases of the total building process. A coherent, original, independent and significant contribution to the advancement and application of knowledge has been made through applied research and dissemination of findings to academic peers, construction industry professionals and students in higher education. This has been achieved through: academic, professional and research-based textbooks; research monographs; refereed papers in learned journals; refereed papers to premier national and international conferences; and papers to foremost construction industry professional institutions. Textbooks have been published by Macmillan, Thomas-Telford in collaboration with the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC), Longman and Palgrave with three commissioned by and contributing to the Chartered Institute of Building (CIOB) 'Education Framework' for construction industry. Peer-reviewed papers have been published by eminent journals based within the UK, North America, Australia, Hong Kong and China whilst refereed conference papers have been published both in the UK and internationally at leading research symposia. Among the refereed journal and conference papers presented, a number have merited prestigious awards reflecting "the outstanding contribution to research knowledge and communication within the construction industry" (ciob, 1988) and in recognition of "making a practical and lasting contribution towards the improvement of standards in building practice and education in building"(CIOB, 2004).This submission reflects a distinguished level of dissemination of applied research and scholarship over a twenty year period. The body of work presented has established a highly significant and authoritative contribution to the better understanding of construction management systems andprocedures. Furthermore, it has influenced, where applicable, thinking and practice within the subject field within research groups, higher education, the professions and the construction industry.
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Seth, Akshay. "Learning New Skills in Practice: Surgeons Adopting and Integrating New Procedures." Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37023.
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Surgeons regularly make changes in their practice to ensure they are providing high quality patient care. This includes the process of learning and safely integrating new skills, techniques and technologies into practice. When faced with the challenge of integrating a new surgical procedure into practice, surgeons must determine when they are ready to overcome the associated risks. This study sought to understand how surgeons experience risk when learning and integrating a new procedure into practice.
A modified constructivist, grounded theory approach was utilized. Eighteen surgeons were purposively sampled from two Canadian academic medical institutions. Semi-structured interviews were conducted and interpreted through constant comparative analysis. Emergent themes were identified and a conceptual framework was developed for understanding the surgeon experience associated with adopting and integrating a new procedure into practice.
Regardless of personal risk tolerance, surgeons described a similar approach to learning and implementing new skills. The experience of risk was one of several factors that affected their adoption of new techniques. They also described being influenced by individual, personality-driven factors, logistical considerations and the culture inherent to their departmental, institutional, professional and societal contexts.
A framework for understanding the surgeon experience when adopting and integrating new skills was constructed. The complex, nuanced multifactorial interplay between a surgeon’s individual willingness to engage risk, his/her motivations and the systemic and cultural factors that serve to facilitate or hinder the implementation of a new surgical skill is at the core of this experience. An increased awareness of these factors highlights the challenges that surgeon face in adopting new procedures and may lead to the development of policies which support surgeons learning and implementing new skills, techniques and technologies while maximizing patient safety.
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Chang, Yihuei Summer. "A comparison of four practice procedures for learning polyphonic piano music /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Page, Andrea Christina. "Holding children and young people for clinical procedures: moving towards an evidence-based practice." Thesis, Birmingham City University, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.675447.
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Holding practices are employed to help a child or young person stay still during the administration of treatments, prevent treatment interference or to undertake an examination which can sometimes be invasive. The aim of this thesis was to explore holding practices from the perspective of nurses and healthcare professionals. This included identifying and examining holding techniques currently in use to help a child or young person stay still. An exploratory sequential mixed methods design was followed. Studies 1, 2 and 3 examined assumptions and practices of holding to develop theories about „what is happening on the ground‟ following Grounded Theory methodology for practicing nurses and other allied health professionals (1), undergraduate nursing students, university lecturers and clinical mentors (2) and university lecturers from other institutions (3). A core category of „indifference‟ emerged. Studies 4 and 5 explored technique preference to establish theories about what is known about the techniques in use. Descriptive statistics was used to analyse the data. The practice of therapeutic holding is often covert and not considered to be part of the treatment per se, which has led to concealment and a reticence to discuss practices openly. Studies 1, 2 and 3 identified that there is variance in the experiences and practices of the participants. The prominent themes that emerged were a lack of clarity, lack of policy, lack of training, and that parents are often expected to hold their child. There appears to be a strong element of denial that there is a problem and little evidence that nationally this is seen as an issue. Studies 4 and 5 showed that healthcare staff „prefer‟ techniques they are familiar with, in particular „cuddling‟ and „wrapping‟ of young children and found it more difficult to judge techniques for young people. It appears that therapeutic holding practices have moved from being viewed as „uncontested‟ to „indifferent‟. These findings have serious implications for current practice and the future training of healthcare professionals.
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Martin, Patrick William. "Music listening : its effectiveness in reducing anxiety of patients undergoing minor dental procedures." Scholarly Commons, 1986. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/2126.
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Leveille, Deborah. "Deliberate Practice of IV Medication Procedures by Student Nurses: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Outcomes: A Dissertation." eScholarship@UMMS, 2015. https://escholarship.umassmed.edu/gsn_diss/42.
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Background: Medication errors continue to be one of the most prevalent problems in healthcare related to patient safety, often resulting in injury or death, with higher incidences of error occurring with intravenous medications. The purpose of this study was to explore the use of deliberate practice (DP) with second-degree nursing students in developing and maintaining fundamental intravenous medication management practices required for safe practice.
Method: This was a feasibility study using a two-arm, single-blind, randomized controlled trial design. Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development model was used to explore the use of a DP teaching intervention to achieve competency in skills associated with safe IV medication management. A convenience sample of first-year, first-semester nursing students enrolled in an accelerated graduate program (N = 32) were invited to participate; 19 enrolled, and 12 completed the study. Students (n = 12) received three 30- minute one-on-one practice sessions at 2-week intervals with an expert nurse (the intervention group focused on IV skills and the control group on skills unrelated to IVs). Pre- and post-intervention instruments tested participants’ confidence with IV management and safety skills. The primary outcome was their ability to safely administer and monitor IV medications during a 20-minute videotaped medication administration scenario.
Results: Low recruitment (19 of 32) and high attrition (37%) were observed. Participants completing the study (5 in the intervention group and 7 in the control group) reported that the time required to attend the sessions was not burdensome (91.7%); time allotted was adequate (100%); 100% reported positive experience; 91.7% found the DP sessions essential to learning. Change in confidence scores for IV skills were not significant (P = 0.210), but were higher in the intervention group (2.97–4.14 = 1.50 change) compared to the control group (2.71–3.77 = 1.04 change). Significant differences were found in overall medication administration skills between the control and intervention groups (t [-2.302], p = 0.044) in favor of the intervention group, particularly with medication preparation skills (p = 0.039). Overall raw scores were low in both groups; only 16–42 (26%–70%) of the total 60 steps required for safe practice were completed. Participants scored lowest in the evaluation phase, with all participants performing less than 50% of the 14 steps.
Conclusion: Even though participant satisfaction was high, significant attrition occurred. Students reported the DP sessions to be beneficial and they felt more confident in performing skills, but three 30-minute sessions (90 minutes) were not adequate to develop, maintain, or refine all the IV-management skills associated with safe medication practices. Determining the length and duration of DP sessions as well as comparing the efficacy of DP sessions between individual and group sessions with varying doses and frequencies is needed to advance our understanding of using DP within nursing education.
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Alonge, C. O. "The development of the physical planning system in Nigeria : practice and procedures in Oyo and Kaduna States." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.367555.
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Boon, J. M. (Johannes Marinus). "Procedures performed by family physicians in hospital practice in a developing country (South Africa) : an evaluation of clinical anatomy competence." Thesis, University of Pretoria, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/26808.
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The safe and successful performance of office procedures, surgical procedures, and emergency procedures as well as radiological imaging procedures demand a working and yet specific knowledge of anatomy. This study focuses on the competency to perform clinical procedures, especially the underlying anatomical knowledge base necessary to perform a safe and successful procedure. No study reports on the assessment of clinical anatomy as part of the competency of family physicians to perform clinical procedures. The aim of this study was to determine a) which clinical procedures are performed in hospital practices in South Africa; b) the frequency of performance; c) the importance rating of clinical procedures; d) the comfort of performance; e) difficulties and anatomically related complications encountered; f) the role of clinical anatomy competency in reducing difficulties and complications; g) the role of clinical anatomy in improving confidence of performance; h) a selection of 15 problem procedures; i) the relevant clinical anatomy necessary to perform these procedures and j) to develop a clinical anatomy training program for these procedures. A list of 57 procedures relevant to family practice in South Africa was compiled and a questionnaire completed by doctors at various hospitals, which were randomly selected in three provinces in South Africa. A total of 102 questionnaires were obtained and analyzed. The following procedures were selected which were performed often (>50%), ranked important, encountered most difficulties and complications, where more doctors were uncomfortable than comfortable and where the influence of clinical anatomy knowledge on the safe and successful performance of the procedure, was ranked highest: Central venous catheterization, cricothyroidotomy, pericardiocentesis, great saphenous vein cutdown, oro/naso tracheal intubation, lumbar puncture, appendectomy, cesarean section, reduction of uncomplicated forearm fractures, ectopic pregnancy surgery, epistaxis and nasal packing, rectal examination, proctoscopy and sigmoidoscopy, knee joint aspiration, wrist and digital nerve block and obstetric ultrasound. A referenced knowledge base was developed by an extensive literature search of the selected procedures under the following headings: Indications, contraindications/ precautions, step by step procedure, anatomical pitfalls and anatomically relevant complications. This was expanded to develop a Virtual Procedures Clinic, an interactive multimedia package.Thesis (PhD)--University of Pretoria, 2009.
Anatomy
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Bianchini, Katia. "The implementation of the Convention relating to the status of stateless persons : procedures and practice in selected EU States." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/11243/.
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The treatment of non-refugee stateless persons varies greatly across the States of the European Union. Not much is known about it and it is disputed whether, and to what extent, national mechanisms are in line with the corresponding international obligations. In light of the differences observed, this thesis argues that the recognition of stateless status and the related application of a basic set of rights, according to the 1954 Convention relating to the Status of Stateless Persons (the ‘1954 Convention’), are more likely to occur when Member States incorporate specific laws and procedures. In particular, the protection of stateless persons is more effective when Member States rigorously address the issue of identification of statelessness by adopting exact provisions rather than simply modifying existing norms and making marginal changes to immigration laws. Although the 1954 Convention does not explicitly require that a procedure or specific means for determining statelessness be established, it sets forth standards of treatment which can only be put into practice if its beneficiaries have been recognised. Effective protection also necessitates taking measures to remove obstacles of general applicability and publicity of rights and procedures. By analysing the treatment of claims for protection by stateless persons in ten European Union States that have ratified the 1954 Convention, this research contributes to the questions of whether detailed statelessness determination procedures are needed, what their constituent elements should be, how decision-makers apply the definition of ‘stateless person’, and what rights are attached to the grant of lawful status. It highlights shortcomings as well as good models of the national legal frameworks, and makes recommendations for further developments. Against this backdrop, it adds insights to the wider debate on how human rights treaties should be implemented by demonstrating that their formal incorporation into the national frameworks is desirable to ensure certainty and effectiveness of the law.
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Aveyard, H. "Does informed consent theory inform nursing practice? : an exploration of the application of informed consent prior to nursing care procedures." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2000. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/does-informed-consent-theory-inform-nursing-practice--an-exploration-of-the-application-of-informed-consent-prior-to-nursing-care-procedures(39554aa7-cfb4-41e6-81bd-a522ccf1d851).html.
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Boon, Johannes Marinus. "Procedures performed by family physicians in hospital practice in a developing country (South Africa) an evaluation of clinical anatomy competence /." Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07292009-093644/.
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Davis, Karen Ann Conway. "The status of policies, procedures and practice of the legal requirements for suspension, expulsion and manifestation determination of children with disabilities." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/289072.
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The Individuals with Disabilities Education Act of 1997 added new provisions for disciplining children with disabilities by suspension and/or expulsion. The purpose of this study was to determine the status of policies, procedures and accepted practice for suspensions, expulsions, and manifestation determinations of children with disabilities in two types of public school districts (traditional and charter) in the State of Arizona. Using document analysis of local school district policies, procedures, and child files for review from recent state education monitoring information and a structured telephone interview questionnaire with Directors of Special Education in both types of districts reporting documented suspensions and/or expulsions over ten days, the research findings indicated that the major changes in the federal special education law had not been a catalyst, to date, for the development of new local education agency policies and procedures regarding suspension and/or expulsion of children with disabilities. Results indicated no major difference in policies and procedures among or between traditional and charter public school districts. Respondents from both types of districts described the procedures used by their IEP teams that indicated the teams were conducting manifestation determinations in an appropriate manner. However, neither type of school district was in compliance with the new discipline requirements of IDEA regarding the mandate to have written policies and procedures. Expedited due process hearing to decide if a child is so dangerous that the requesting district will qualify for an exemption to stay-put rules appear to be unnecessary as a procedure to remove the child from school. Research directions are discussed.
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Boerefijn, Christina. "The reporting procedure under the covenant on civil and political rights : practice and procedures of the Human Rights Committee = De rapportageprocedure op basis van het internationale verdrag inzake burgerrechten en politieke rechten /." Antwerpen [u.a.] : Intersentia - Hart, 1999. http://bvbr.bib-bvb.de:8991/F?func=service&doc_library=BVB01&doc_number=008693317&line_number=0001&func_code=DB_RECORDS&service_type=MEDIA.
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Rahschulte, Rebecca L. "An Examination of the Effectiveness and Efficiency of Detect, Practice, and Repair versus Traditional Cover, Copy, and Compare Procedures| A Component Analysis." Thesis, University of Cincinnati, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3622119.
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This study compared the effects of the Detect, Practice, and Repair (DPR) intervention package versus traditional Cover, Copy, and Compare (CCC) procedures in increasing multiplication math fact accuracy and fluency using an alternating treatments design with a modified control condition. Interventions were administered one-on-one across 4 fourth grade students. Three mutually exclusive multiplication sets were used with one set being assigned to each condition. Effectiveness was assessed through traditional curriculum-based measurement (CBM) procedures and through flashcard card procedures to measure accuracy. In addition, the efficiency of each intervention (i.e., amount of learning per instructional minute) was calculated. Maintenance data were collected to determine if newly learned math facts would be better maintained when taught with the DPR intervention or with the traditional CCC intervention procedures. Social validity data were collected with teachers and students to determine whether one intervention was preferred over another. Although DPR has been examined in five published research studies, it has never been examined through a one-on-one implementation or in a study directly comparing its effectiveness, efficiency, maintenance, and social validity against another intervention. In addition, this study serves as a component analysis since CCC is one component of the DPR package.
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Shigeta, Y. "Standard setting, compliance control and the development of international environmental law through the practice of international arbitral, judicial and quasi-judicial procedures." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2007. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/1446112/.
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Although the main purpose of the international judiciary (covering international arbitral, judicial and quasi-judicial procedures) is to settle disputes, it can also perform other tasks: a concept described by Lauterpacht as 'a heterogeny of aims'. This thesis focuses on three other functions which the international judiciary is expected to fulfil in the international society lacking a centralized legislative body and sufficient law enforcement mechanisms, namely standard setting, compliance control and law development. The field of international environmental law is highly suitable for this study, on account of: 1) an abundance of ambiguous rules which demand clear standards for their practical application 2) scientific uncertainty, rapid changeability of situations and non-compliance derived from incapability of States, all of which need special considerations for compliance control and 3) newness of global environmental concern, which necessitates a substantial degree of law development. The above three functions are analyzed from the perspectives of inter-State relations and State-individual relations, on the one hand, and 'soft' control and 'hard' control, on the other. They are integrated into the concept of 'judicial control', whose main purpose lies in containing deviance within acceptable levels through adjudicative means. Several reforms are proposed to facilitate the improved functioning of international environment law through 'judicial control'. The most important in this context is that the international judiciary should ensure active but harmonized interaction of inner-regime law and outer-regime law. Thus even if the international judiciary is attached to a certain treaty-regime, it can make considerable use of the advantages of 'judicial control' over 'non-judicial control', namely its capacity to control States' compliance with outer-regime law, and to clarify a certain norm's meaning for all States in the international society.
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Banks, Cassie M. "Education methods for effectively maintaining nursing competency in low volume, high risk procedures in the rural setting bridging the theory to practice gap /." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2008. http://165.236.235.140/lib/CBanks2008.pdf.
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Blaga, Andreea-Cristiana. "Participation from Theory to Practice: To what extent can Citizens influence the Planning Procedures? : Planning by Dialogue: "The Living Urban Laboratory" Karlskrona (Revedin 2015)." Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för fysisk planering, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-10551.
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Du, Plessis D. A. "Theatre procedures performed at Knysna Hospital in the Eden district of the Western Cape and their application to post graduate training of family physicians." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97186.
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Thesis (MFamMed)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.BACKGROUND:Family physicians are trained to enable them to staff community health centres and primary care hospitals. Part of this training is teaching them procedural skills for anaesthetics and surgery. Knysna hospital is a training facility for family medicine registrars and this article aims to evaluate if sufficient learning opportunities exist in Knysna hospital’s theatre to teach family medicine registrars procedural skills. METHODS:A descriptive study was undertaken of the number and type of procedures performed in Knysna hospital theatre for a one year period, and compared with the required skills,as stipulated in the national training outcomes, for the discipline. RESULTS:Three thousand seven hundred and forty one procedures were performed during the study period. Anaesthesia was the most common procedure, followed by caesarean section. There were adequate opportunities for teaching most core skills. CONCLUSIONS: There were sufficient opportunities for a registrar to be taught all the core skills that are exclusive to theatre. Further research is needed to evaluate Knysna hospital as a training facility for all procedural skills.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Geen opsomming beskikbaar.
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McKnight, David. "Medication incidents in a private hospital : frequency, type, causes and outcomes." Thesis, Curtin University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11937/1254.
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Background: Medication Safety has become a major health issue in Australia and internationally. Medication use is a part of most people lives with around seven in ten Australians and nine in ten older Australians having taken at least one medication over a two week period. But the taking of medications is not devoid of risk to the patient and a subsequent cost to society. This risk of an adverse outcome can be due to a predictable or idiosyncratic direct effect of the medication (adverse drug reaction) or a breakdown in the systems involved in the management of medications (medication incident). Although the risk of an adverse outcome is low and most medication incidents do not cause any harm, the volume of medications in use dictates that the problem when quantified is still significant. Following the publication of major patient safety studies it has become possible to estimate that almost 2 to 3 per cent of all hospital admissions are related to problems with medicines with an annual cost of $380 million.In 2002, following the publication of the Second National Report on Patient Safety ―Improving Medication Safety‖ it became apparent that despite medication safety issues growing in awareness in public hospitals, the same could not be said for private hospital practice which catered for about one third of all admitted patient episodes in Australia. Later that year a first step was taken with the Private Health Industry Quality and Safety workshop with representatives from most private hospitals attending. This meeting highlighted that medication safety practices at St John of God Hospital Subiaco was not aligned very well with public sector hospitals and that a number of deficiencies existed requiring urgent attention.Aims: This study had a broad range of aims. These were as follows: 1. To chronicle the development of medication safety procedures at St John of God Hospital Subiaco, nationally and internationally. 2. To quantify and uniformly classify, medication incidents reported from different sources in a private hospital. 3. To develop and assess a range of contributing factors as to why the medication incidents occurred. 4. To quantify the clinical significance of reported medication incidents. 5. To develop strategies to minimise/reduce the incidence of medication incidents in the future. 6. To investigate the influence of pharmacy ownership, location and employment of clinical pharmacists on medication incident reporting practices in Australian private hospitals.Method: The study was conducted in different phases. Initially the focus was a retrospective review of reported medication incidents in the hospital based on the date of occurrence of the medication incident rather than the date of review by a pharmacist. Secondly all incidents were then classified using a standardised format using the origin of the error. These included prescribing errors by medical practitioners, dispensing error by pharmacists and administration errors by nursing staff. Standard sub-categories were devised by St John of God Health Care, the national body coordinating the practices of all St John of God Hospitals, but in some instances they were noted to be too general. This led as part of this study to the development of more specific and sensitive categories for dispensing errors.Due to the realisation that medication error was now seen as a systems failure it was appropriate then to assess the risk to the patient and/or the organisation for a particular incident as well as determine some measure of harm to the patient. The level of risk associated with a medication incident was ranked according to the consequence of the incident and the likelihood of it recurring. Allied to this, a determinant of harm suffered by a patient following an incident or error was devised and promoted which differentiated harm into potential and actual harm.To further gauge private hospital medication safety practices, a national survey was undertaken of Australian private hospitals to gain an insight into the methodology used to collect and collate medication incidents and the roles played by pharmacy services in that process. In particular the survey sought to determine the influence of the ownership and location of the pharmacy service on those practices along with the employment or not of clinical pharmacists.Results: The classification of medication incidents by the date of occurrence aided in the assessment of why an incident occurred as it now became possible to study whether the ward location and day or time of an incident contributed in any way to causing that error. The classification of medication incidents by their origin in the medication cycle, highlighted that most incidents were reported by nursing staff and were therefore heavily weighted towards administration errors, which embodied their core medication function.The development of knowledge and understanding surrounding the causes and contributing factors associated, in particular with administration and dispensing medication errors, has helped to retrain caregivers to seek ways to avoid the incident in the future rather than focusing on any individual blame for what is a system failure.The clinical significance of a particular incident both to the patient and to an organisation can be more adequately assessed if a risk stratification and harm model is in place. This is apparent when dispensing errors were assessed as clinically significant to the pharmacy department but from a hospital perspective were noted only to have a potential for harm. In contrast, while the majority of administration errors had the potential for harm, some did cause actual harm.With the awakening of the need to improve our medication practices, the Pharmacy Department and the Hospital have committed to embracing more fully those practices more commonplace in public hospitals. These included having an active Drug and Therapeutics Committee and the implementation of clear medication polices and guidelines. Other initiatives have been embraced such as the use of standardised medication charts and ensuring a strong focus on medication reconciliation at the transitions of care. This included the employment of more clinical pharmacists to service areas such as preadmission and high risk areas such as Intensive Care and Oncology.The survey, with a response rate of 43%, highlighted that pharmacy services in private hospitals in Australia were either located On Site (52.8%) or Off Site (47.2%) and were either Hospital Owned (22.2%) or Contracted Out (77.8%). On Site pharmacy respondents were significantly more likely to be involved in the review of medication incidents (p = 0.047), have a policy on medication safety (p = 0.024), employ more clinical pharmacists (p = 0.006) and have a higher mean number of medication incidents reported (p = 0.001) as compared to Off Site pharmacies. Pharmacy providers who employed clinical pharmacists were more likely to be involved in the review of medication incidents (p = 0.02). Hospital Owned services were more likely to report a higher number of medication incidents (p = 0.011) and be On Site whilst Contracted Out services were more likely to be Off Site (p = 0.026).Medication safety has grown to become an international phenomenon. Two of the World Health Organisations top five priority areas to improve patient safety worldwide involve medication usage. In Australia, the formation of an active Australian Commission on Safety and Quality in Health Care, has provided leadership to all hospitals both private and public whilst at state level Medication Safety Groups drive more local state based issues. The willingness of some private hospitals to embrace fully the concept of medication safety is very evident at St John of God Health Care where a national medication reference group was set up to lead all their hospitals along a common path and this has been complemented recently by the formation of a medication safety committee at the Subiaco campus.Conclusion: The safe use of medicines is still a major issue. Medication errors are now recognised to be a system failure. Great progress has been made to improve the system of how we manage medications in our hospitals, but the system must continue to evolve. Gaps still exist that need addressing to make our hospitals safer. The various private hospital models that exist lend themselves to differing levels of service and participation in medication safety. It is vital that the Australian Council for Health Care Standards, the private health insurers and the Commonwealth Health Department develop a higher expectation from all private hospitals to ensure systems are in place so that patients are safe regardless of the health care environment they enter.
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Mann, Monique. "A Story of Organized Crime: Constructing Criminality and Building Institutions." Thesis, Australian Research Council Centre of Excellence in Policing and Security (CEPS) Griffith University, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/91930/1/PhD_MANUSCRIPT_REVISED_MANN.pdf.
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This is a narrative about the way in which a category of crime-to-be-combated is constructed through the discipline of criminology and the agents of discipline in criminal justice. The aim was to examine organized crime through the eyes of those whose job it is to fight it (and define it), and in doing so investigate the ways social problems surface as sites for state intervention. A genealogy of organized crime within criminological thought was completed, demonstrating that there are a range of different ways organized crime has been constructed within the social scientific discipline, and each of these were influenced by the social context, political winds and intellectual climate of the time. Following this first finding, in-depth qualitative interviews were conducted with individuals who had worked at the apex of the policing of organized crime in Australia, in order to trace their understandings of organized crime across recent history. It was found that organized crime can be understood as an object of the discourse of the politics of law and order, the discourse of international securitization, new public management in policing business, and involves the forging of outlaw identities. Therefore, there are multiple meanings of organized crime that have arisen from an interconnected set of social, political, moral and bureaucratic discourses. The institutional response to organized crime, including law and policing, was subsequently examined. An extensive legislative framework has been enacted at multiple jurisdictional levels, and the problem of organized crime was found to be deserving of unique institutional powers and configurations to deal with it. The social problem of organized crime, as constituted by the discourses mapped out in this research, has led to a new generation of increasingly preemptive and punitive laws, and the creation of new state agencies with amplified powers. That is, the response to organized crime, with a focus on criminalization and enforcement, has been driven and shaped by the four discourses and the way in which the phenomenon is constructed within them. An appreciation of the nexus between the emergence of the social problem, and the formation of institutions in response to it, is important in developing a more complete understanding of the various dimensions of organized crime.
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Green, N. N. "Commercial agreements and trade association practices : Practice and procedure in EEC and UK Competition Law." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.374749.
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Johnson, Himes Becky Sue. "Blood Lead Testing Guideline Development for a Public Health Department." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6443.
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A lack of consistent, evidence-based practices for blood lead testing of children existed in a local public health department (LHD). No known blood lead level is safe, and toxicity can result in behavioral and cognitive impairments. The purpose of this project was to develop and analyze a clinical practice guideline to establish blood lead testing procedures in the LHD to improve testing procedures and enhance future testing within the jurisdiction. The RE-AIM framework was used to address the reach, effectiveness, adoption, implementation, and maintenance of the clinical practice guideline. Five experts evaluated the guideline using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation instrument. The assessment results indicated 96.4% agreement across all domains. The experts agreed unanimously to recommend adoption of the clinical practice guideline. Implementation of the guideline might advance nursing practice and patient care in the LHD through incorporation of evidence-based practices. Implementation might also lead to early identification of lead-burdened children and may provide the opportunity for treatment to mitigate cognitive and behavioral deficits related to lead toxicity, thereby improving child health and decreasing related health care costs. Engagement of the clinical practice guideline will support positive social change through the empowerment of public health nurses to provide optimal care to a population of children at risk of deleterious and long-term side effects of lead exposure.
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Ramirez, Enrique. "Opioid Prescribing Practices Following Pediatric Dental Procedures in Ohio." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1593441575248724.
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Capraro, Leena. "Transfusion practices in elective surgical procedures in Finnish hospitals." Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2001. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/laa/kliin/vk/capraro/.
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Chan, Chun-ha, and 陳春霞. "Evidence-based practice guideline for patients undergoing intermittentcatheterization procedure." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46581297.
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Adsetts, Jacqueline. "Aspects of the demographic profile and standard of pharmaceutical services in South Africa / J. Adsetts." Thesis, North-West University, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/82.
Full textAbstract:
The objects of the South African Pharmacy Council in terms of the Pharmacy Act, 1974
(5311974) as amended are, inter alia, "to uphold and safeguard the rights of the general public
to universally acceptable standards of pharmacy practice in both the private and the public
sector" as well as "to establish, develop, maintain and control universally acceptable standards
of practice of the various categories of persons required to be registered.. ." One of the major
difficulties health care providers worldwide are faced with is how to maintain a proper balance
between the trio goals of health care, namely adequate access, high quality and acceptable
costs (Li, 2003:192-193). Relatively little is known about such problems as do exist for patients
regarding access to pharmaceutical services (Doucette et al., 1999:1268).
Two main objectives were identified for this study, namely to investigate the demographic profile
of community and institutional pharmacies registered with the South African Pharmacy Council;
and to determine the standard of pharmaceutical services provided by these pharmacies.
Inspection results of community and institutional pharmacies were obtained from the South
African Pharmacy Council and extracted for the time period 1 January 2004 to 31 May 2005.
To determine the demographic and geographic profile of these pharmacies, data of the Register
of Pharmacies of the South African Pharmacy Council for August 2003, 2004 and 2005 were
merged with the Census data of South Africa of 2001.
It was found that the total number of pharmacies in both the public and private sectors
increased with 2.1% (n=68) from August 2003 to August 2005. Public and private pharmacies that provided services directly to patients increased with 6.3% (n=33) and 1.3% (n=35) from
August 2003 to 2005. It was found that the Gauteng province was the best provided with
registered pharmacies in South Africa, as only 0.06% (n=5 783) of the population did not have
any registered pharmacy available on municipality level. It was also revealed that the majority
of inspections were carried out in Gauteng, whilst this province accounts for only 19.7% of the
total population of South Africa.
During the study period a total of 1178 community pharmacy inspections were carried out in
1103 community pharmacies (one or more inspections per pharmacy) representing 43% (n=2
550) of the total number of community pharmacies registered with the South African Pharmacy
Council during May 2005. Nationally community pharmacies achieved a score of 92.27 (+ 6.65
per cent) for compliance with Good Pharmacy Practice guidelines. The lowest compliance
score (73.34 + 27.49 per cent) was obtained for the availability of written standard operating
procedures and the highest was for the promotion of public health (99.02 + 6.30 per cent). No
practical significant differences (dc0.8) were found between the overall compliance scores
obtained by community pharmacies of the different provinces. The highest compliance score
was obtained by community pharmacies in the Free State (93.09 + 4.90 per cent), followed by
Western Cape, Eastern Cape, Kwazulu Natal, Limpopo, Northern Cape, Gauteng, Mpumalanga
and the North West.
A total of 343 institutional pharmacy inspections (one or more inspections per pharmacy) were
carried out in public and state subsidised institutions (n=245), private institutions (n=90) and
mine hospitals (n=5). These pharmacies represented 46% of the total number of institutional
pharmacies registered with the South African Pharmacy Council during May 2005. Nationally all
institutional pharmacies (both private and public) achieved a score of 92.49 + 8.33 per cent for
compliance with Good Pharmacy Practice guidelines for all above-mentioned aspects.
Nationally public and state subsidised institutional pharmacies obtained a lower compliance
score (91.02 + 9.08 per cent) than private institutional pharmacies (96.39 + 3.91 per cent).
Lastly, a grading system was developed that was based on the results obtained through this
study, in order to quantify the standard of pharmaceutical services provided by pharmacies in
South Africa.Thesis (M.Pharm. (Pharmacy Practice))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2007.
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Smith, Joseph Lloyd. "Judicial procedures as instruments of political control /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Grose, Wendy. "Nurse Practitioner Navigator Policy and Procedure Protocols in Private Practice." ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4063.
Full textAbstract:
In 2010, the Patient Protection and Affordable Healthcare Act (PPACA) implemented changes to reduce healthcare spending that incorporated Centers for Medicare and Medicaid (CMS) incentive programs to reduce 30-day readmission rates in seniors with heart failure. This project includes a policy and procedure for private practice using a nurse practitioner navigator (NPN) led multidisciplinary team (MDT) for the patient-centered medical home (PCMH) to improve communication between hospitals and PCMH to decrease readmission rates in seniors with heart failure (HF). This practice change will provide an implementation and evaluation plan along with plans for future expansion. Meetings were held twice weekly along with the use of Skype when team members were unavailable. A literature review explored methods to improve communication between hospitals and PCHM to reduce readmission rates. Thirty-two peer-reviewed articles were identified in a search of CINAHL and ProQuest Nursing and Allied Health Source databases that served as the primary pool of evidence used for this project, supplemented by context considerations provided by the project team. Evaluating the evidence based research provided support for this project using a NPN led MDT to reduce readmission rates. Coleman's transition of care (TOC) model was used as a framework for both the policy and procedure to integrate patient, provider, and environmental contexts, support health care policy changes, and reduce health care spending. This scholarly project supports the role of DNPs as leaders in the medical field working to translate existing evidence into policy and practice and lead interdisciplinary health care teams.
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Luz, Lelyane Silva e. "Procedimentos avaliativos no processo de escolarização de uma estudante com deficiência intelectual." Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, 2017. https://repositorio.ufu.br/handle/123456789/20917.
Full textAbstract:
Este estudo teve objetivo de compreender os procedimentos avaliativos aplicados por uma
professora no processo de escolarização de uma estudante com deficiência intelectual no
ensino regular do quarto do ensino fundamental. A pesquisa foi desenvolvida de agosto a
dezembro de 2015, em uma escola pública da rede municipal de Uberlândia, MG. Buscando
alcançar os objetivos propostos pela pesquisa, a opção metodológica para seu
desenvolvimento seguiu princípios da abordagem qualitativa em um estudo de caso. No
cotidiano escolar, o estudo de caso envolve troca de relações entre envolvidos, princípios e
valores que aparecem nas ações e interações, nas rotinas e nas relações sociais. A metodologia
de investigação foi organizada em dois focos investigativos: a realização de uma entrevista
com a professora e a observação participante em sala de aula, associada à tomada de notas de
campo para compreender as práticas de avaliação. A justificativa para a escolha desse
conjunto de estratégias de investigação é que a entrevista com a professora e as observações
na sala de aula formam um conjunto de informações importantes sobre o fenômeno
investigado. Os resultados apontam a necessidade de refletir sobre os procedimentos
avaliativos e o processo de escolarização de estudantes com deficiência intelectual no ensino
regular. Os procedimentos avaliativos utilizados pela professora foram o “para casa”, estudos
dirigidos, trabalhos interdisciplinares e prova bimestral. Além disso, ficou evidente que a
concepção da professora acerca da deficiência intelectual desconsidera o potencial de
aprendizagem da estudante. Isso se confirma em sua conduta ao elaborar materiais adaptados
à estudante para facilitar a sua realização sem avançar para conteúdos mais complexos. Desse
modo, a avaliação formativa é uma perspectiva que se faz necessária à prática educacional da
professora para acompanhar as aprendizagens da estudante com deficiência intelectual e
dos/as demais estudantes no processo de escolarização, oportunizando momentos de
interação, diálogo e troca de saberes. Destacamos também a formação continuada com
estudos para avaliação formativa importante para transformar as concepções do trabalho
docente e proporcionar um espaço de reflexão sobre a prática educacional, pois a avaliação
formativa é processual, contínua e dialógica; ou seja, possível de ser concebida com
perspectiva avaliativa cuja vivência pode ser marcada pela lógica da inclusão.This study aimed to understand school assessment procedures used by a teacher in the schooling process of an elementary level student with intellectual disability. The research took place from August to December 2015, in a public school of Uberlândia city, state of Minas Gerais. To achieve research aims, methodological option to develop it followed principles of qualitative approach in form of a case study. In the school everydayness, a case study involves exchanging relationships between people involved, principles and values appearing in actions and interactions, in routines and social relationships. The research methodology followed two investigative foci: interview with the teacher and participant observation in classroom, besides field notes taking to understand teacher’s assessment practices. Justification for choosing these research strategies is that interviewing the teacher and observing classes offer a set of important information on the phenomenon studied. Results point out the need to reflect on the evaluation procedures and process of schooling of students with intellectual disabilities. Assessment procedures employed by the teacher were homework, individual assignments, interdisciplinary work and bimonthly tests. Besides, it has become evident that the teacher’s understanding of intellectual disability does not consider the student potential to learn. It is proved when she makes pedagogical activities adapted to the student to make its performing easy to her but without dealing with more complex school contents. Thus, the formative assessment appears as perspective necessary to the educational practice of the teacher in order to accompany students with intellectual disability learning and other students as well in the schooling process, so that to create a setting for interaction, dialogue and knowledge exchange. We highlight that teacher’s continuing education with studies for formative assessment is important to change conceptions of teaching work and provide circumstances for thinking of educational practice, because formative assessment is procedural, continuous and dialogic; which means possible of being conceived in an assessment perspective whose experience can be marked by the logic of inclusion.
Dissertação (Mestrado)
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Gregory, Shannon Therese. "The role of the judge in civil trials : a comparison of German and Australian processes /." [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe18532.pdf.
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Jacobs, Jennifer (Jennifer Mary). "Dynamic drawing : broadening practice and participation in procedural art." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114073.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, School of Architecture and Planning, Program in Media Arts and Sciences, 2017.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 145-155).
Computation is a powerful medium for art creation. Procedural art, or artwork defined by a computationally represented system of rules, relationships, and behaviors, enables creation of works that are flexible, adaptable, and capable of systematic revision. Yet the medium for creating procedural art, computer programming, can pose significant barriers for manual artists. Programming can be challenging to learn, and programming tools can restrict the concrete practices of manual art. An analysis of the creative opportunities of procedural art and the conflicts programming poses for manual artists raises these questions: (1) How can we create procedural art systems that are accessible and expressive for manual artists? (2) How can we support different ways of thinking and creating with representational mediums? (3) How can procedural art systems contribute to the process of learning and understanding representational mediums? This dissertation explores these questions through two new systems that integrate manual and procedural creation. Para is a digital illustration tool that enables artists to produce procedural compositions through direct manipulation. Dynamic Brushes is a system that enables artists to create computational drawing tools that procedurally augment the process of manual drawing. Para and Dynamic Brushes were informed through interviews with artists and evaluated through multi-week open-ended studies in which professionals created polished artwork. These evaluations provided a framework for developing creative tools through extended work with creative professionals. Comparison of artwork produced with Para and Dynamic Brushes revealed specific trade-offs in expressiveness, ease of entry, and working style for direct manipulation and representational procedural tools. Overall, this research demonstrates how integrating manual and procedural creation can diversify the kinds of outcomes people can create with procedural tools and the kinds of people who can participate in procedural art.
by Jennifer Jacobs.
Ph. D.
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Basson, Jerome Godfrey. "Policies, procedures and practices contributing to tensions between labour and management." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1267.
Full textAbstract:
The Constitution of the Republic of South Africa guarantees the right of education to all citizens of the country. The Eastern Cape Department of Education went a step further by adopting a vision to ensure quality public education that will result in the positive transformation of all schools. Education is therefore a very important part of the life of any society and needs to be protected at all costs. It is therefore important that all obstacles in the way of providing quality public education be removed. It is no secret that the Eastern Cape Department of Education has had a number of battles with some of its social partners. These battles have negatively impacted on the education system. This Department also received the largest slice of the taxpayers’ money. It is time to take serious steps to halt the waste of time and resources. It is against this background that this study wanted to consider policies, procedures and practices that generated tension between the management and labour in the Eastern Cape Department of Education. It is my belief that if tension between the different social partners can be reduced, we would have gone a long way in achieving the vision of the Department of Education. The research methodology that was followed for this study comprised the following: • Literature was reviewed that dealt with labour relations and human resources. • A questionnaire was designed to collect information from the different participants. • The information in the questionnaire was incorporated into the main study where findings were identified and recommendations were formulated.
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Koryl, Margaret Nolan. "The formal evaluation of Indiana school superintendents : frequency, practices, and procedures." Virtual Press, 1996. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/1036818.
Full textAbstract:
The primary purpose of this study was to examine the practice of formally evaluating Indiana school superintendents and to determine superintendent dispositions toward the process. More specifically, the following issues were analyzed: (a) the extent to which Indiana school superintendents were formally evaluated; (b) the extent to which job descriptions, district policy, or employment contracts were associated with formal evaluations; (c) superintendent opinions regarding criteria, purposes, and methods of evaluation; and (d) the extent to which selected demographic variables were associated with the practice of completing a formal evaluation.A descriptive survey research procedure was used in this study. The survey instrument was adapted from the one developed and used by Simpson (1994) in his study of South Carolina superintendents. Several modifications were made to adjust to current conditions in Indiana. The instrument was divided into two parts: current practices and procedures for formal evaluations and background information about the superintendent and school corporation. The population of this study was all 287 public school superintendents in Indiana. Data were collected in March and April of 1996. A total of 248 usable surveys was returned and analyzed.The findings indicated: (a) more than 78% of the superintendents were being formally evaluated; (b) more than 79% of the superintendents indicated the presence of a written job description, with over 59% of these superintendents indicating they were evaluated using the stated role expectations included in the job description; (c) more than 58% of the superintendents indicated their employment district had a written policy concerning superintendent evaluation; (d) more than 33% reported that a formal evaluation was a provision of their employment contract; (e) a checklist or rating scale was most frequently used in the evaluation process; (f) the most important criterion in evaluation was board and superintendent relations; (g) the primary purpose for superintendent evaluation was to identify areas needing improvement; and (h) the higher the superintendent's salary and the larger the school corporation, the more likely it was that the superintendent received a formal evaluation. In addition, the study offers recommendations for practice and for further research.Department of Education
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Cabral, Danielle Bezerra. "Micobactérias não tuberculosas em cirurgias: desafio passível de enfrentamento no Brasil?" Universidade de São Paulo, 2010. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/22/22132/tde-27092010-163220/.
Full textAbstract:
Micobactérias não tuberculosas (MNT) são microrganismos ubíquos e reconhecidos como contaminantes de sistemas de água em estabelecimentos de assistência à saúde, bem como, dispositivos cirúrgicos e medicamentos injetáveis. Sua ocorrência representa uma emergência epidemiológica e sanitária, especialmente em pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos. Frente ao exposto, objetivou-se avaliar a produção do conhecimento científico acerca da ocorrência de infecções por MNT em pacientes submetidos a procedimentos cirúrgicos. A prática baseada em evidências representou o referencial teórico-metodológico e, como recurso para obtenção destas evidências utilizou-se a revisão integrativa da literatura nas bases de dados Lilacs, Medline/Pubmed, ISI Web of Science e Biblioteca Cochrane. Totalizaram-se 24 publicações nos últimos trinta anos, com 15 (62,5%) no idioma inglês, os demais no português. No que se refere ao delineamento dos estudos, observou-se que os mais frequentes foram: 29,2% relatos de caso, 20,8% estudos transversais e 12,5% estudos metodológicos e quaseexperimentais. A análise dos estudos culminou em três categorias temáticas sendo 08 (33,3%) relacionadas aos tipos de cirurgias, 07 (29,2%) sobre identificação das espécies por métodos microbiológicos e/ou moleculares e 09 (37,5%) medidas de prevenção e controle. Ainda como subcategorias têm-se: a vigilância pós-alta, terapêutica com antibióticos e uso de glutaraldeído. Entre os microrganismos destacam-se com 37,5% Mycobacterium chelonae, 33,3%, M. abscessus e 25% M. fortuitum. Cirurgias oftalmológicas, estéticas, cardíacas e procedimentos laparoscópicos e artroscópicos foram as mais investigadas. Diante do contexto terapêutico, a indicação é realizada empiricamente ao longo prazo, podendo incluir desbridamento cirúrgico de tecidos infectados. Na panorâmica da identificação das espécies, a eletroforese em gel de campo pulsado (PFGE) é considerada padrão-ouro devido seu alto poder discriminatório de algumas cepas bacterianas, porém com limitações. Com base nas publicações analisadas, conclui-se que não se tem um panorama nacional talvez pela inoperância do sistema de vigilância pós-alta, inexistência de critérios clínicos e bacteriológicos uniformizados em todo o território e, também pela falta de integração entre a clínica e o laboratório. Adiciona-se que aplicação de metodologias moleculares possibilitaria definir a diversidade das espécies de micobactérias que não puderam ser identificadas pelos métodos clássicos. Uma publicação sobre a situação nacional das MNTs em cirurgias é fundamental para a uma conduta correta no diagnóstico e tratamento de micobacterioses.Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are ubiquitous microorganisms recognized as contaminants of water systems in health care services, as well as surgical devices and injectable medications. Its occurrence represents an epidemiological and sanitary emergency, especially in patients subject to surgical procedures. This study aimed to evaluate the production of scientific knowledge on the occurrence of infections caused by NTM in patients subject to surgical procedures. Evidence-based practice was the theoreticalmethodological framework used, and integrative literature review was used to obtain evidences in the following databases: Lilacs, Medline/Pubmed, ISI Web of Science and Cochrane Library. In total, 24 publications were found in the last thirty years, being 15 (62.5%) in english and the others in portuguese. Regarding the design of the studies, most (29,2%) were case reports, (20,8%) cross-sectional studies and (12,5%) methodological and quasi-experimental studies. The analysis of the studies resulted in three thematic categories: 08 (33.3%) types of surgery, 07 (29.2%) identification of the species by microbiological and/or molecular methods and 09 (37.5%) prevention and control measures. The following subcategories were identified in prevention and control: vigilance after discharge, therapy with antibiotics and use of glutaral. The most researched surgeries were ophthalmologic, aesthetic, cardiac and laparoscopy and arthroscopy. The presence of the following microorganisms is highlighted: Mycobacterium chelonae (37.5%), M. abscessus (29.2%) and M. fortuitum (25%). Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) is considered gold-standard in the identification of certain bacterial strains. The use of molecular techniques permits to define the diversity of the species of mycobacteria that cannot be identified by the classical methods. Regarding the therapy, in general the indication is empirically determined in long-term, and can include surgical debridement of infected tissues. Based on the analyzed publications, it is concluded that there is not a national panorama, either due to the failure of the surveillance system after discharge, the lack of clinical and bacteriological criteria uniform for the entire country or the lack of integration between clinics and laboratories.
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Ellis, Kathryn M. "The practice and procedure of the House of Commons 1660-1714." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.284947.
Full textAbstract:
Between 1660 and 1714 the House of Commons was gradually gaining primacy in the political state. This thesis seeks to examine the development of the Commons' procedure within this context. Both the internal workings of the Lower Chamber and its relationship with the Crown and the House of Lords are considered. During this period the House of Commons became increasingly conscious of the need to organize its business more efficiently. This led to the standardisation and elaboration of practices and procedures. The format of the working day, debating procedure and the system of voting are examined. Measures taken to encourage the attendance of Members are evaluated as is the attitude taken towards the presence of strangers in the Chamber. The legislative process and the structure and significance of Committees are analysed. Particular attention is given to the House of Commons' financial powers and procedures. The concept of parliamentary financial control is discussed. This period witnessed the establishment of an informal modus vivendi between the two Houses of Parliament. The way in which the Commons achieved control of finance whilst conceding judicial superiori ty to the Lords is examined. The Commons' concern to safeguard privilege and prestige in all formal communications is acknowledged. Following an account of the Speaker's significance as Chairman of debate, the political implications of the position are examined. By reference to the sixteen holders of the Chair, it is made clear tha t the Speakership was freed from Crown control to become a prize of the majority party in the Commons. This development in turn epitomises the growing importance and confidence of the House of Commons during this period
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Wilkinson, Clare. "The practice and procedure of the House of Commons, c1784-1832." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.394599.
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Rees, Anita Jane. "The practice and procedure of the House of Lords 1714-1784." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2160/bd6690b5-da96-40bd-acf9-42a56ccc13c9.
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Pravica, Tamara Eileen. "Communicative ethics, developing a practical procedure of discourse." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0006/MQ46184.pdf.
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O'Brien, Gary (Gary William) Carleton University Dissertation Political Science. "Pre-confederation parliamentary procedure: the evolution of legislative practice in the Lower Houses of Central Canada, 1792-1866." Ottawa, 1988.
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Burger, Adrian. "Paediatric procedural sedation current practice and challenges in Cape Town." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/2857.
Full textAbstract:
Includes bibliographical references.Children often present to the Emergency Centre (EC) with painful injuries, or conditions which require painful or upsetting interventions to diagnose or treat. Procedural sedation and analgesia (PSA) refers to the pharmacologic technique of managing the child’s pain and anxiety. The appropriate management of pain and anxiety in the EC is a significant facet of emergency care for all patients, especially in paediatric patients.1 This is achieved partly by the administration of sedative, dissociative, or analgesic drugs which alter awareness, completely sedate the patient, reduce or eliminate pain.2,3,4 PSA is an essential component of Emergency Medicine practice and is a core skill acquired in Emergency Medicine training programs. There is good evidence that proactively addressing pain and anxiety may improve quality of care and patient satisfaction by facilitating interventional procedures and minimizing patient suffering.5
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Lockwood, Graeme Hugh. "The impact of Conservative legislation on trade union practices, procedures and behaviour." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2005. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/the-impact-of-conservative-legislation-on-trade-union-practices-procedures-and-behaviour(285874f1-7772-468e-806a-9f52fde509b6).html.
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Mwelwa, Eddy M. "The management of alcohol related problems at work : policies, practices and procedures." Thesis, Cranfield University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.336461.
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Cahn, Dan. "The effects of practice procedure and task difficulty on tonal pattern accuracy." Thesis, connect to online resource, 2003. http://www.library.unt.edu/theses/open/20031/cahn%5Fdan/index.htm.
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Millaire, Jean-Francois. "Moche burial patterns : an investigation into prehispanic social structure." Thesis, University of East Anglia, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.368168.
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Zimmerman, Ericka Point. "Risk management practices of collegiate athletic trainers an examination of policies and procedures /." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2007. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=802.
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Bonner, Michael L. "Accountability of School Psychology Practicum: A Procedural Replication." Cincinnati, Ohio : University of Cincinnati, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=ucin1006784236.
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Shah, Syed Ghulam Sarwar. "Safety of medical device users : a study of physiotherapists' practices, procedures and risk perception." Thesis, Brunel University, 2011. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/6360.
Full textAbstract:
Aims: To study practices and procedures with respect to electrotherapy in physiotherapy departments and to study physiotherapists’ perception of health risk, health consequences and protection of health from different risks including electromagnetic field emissions from electrotherapy devices. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in three phases from June 2002 to December 2003. The first phase was an audit of the practices and procedures regarding electrotherapy in National Health Service physiotherapy departments (N = 46 including 7 departments in pilot study) located in 12 counties in the southeast and southwest of England including Greater London. The second phase comprised one observational visit to each of the same physiotherapy departments to characterise their occupational environment. The third phase was a questionnaire survey of 584 physiotherapists working in these departments. Variables concerned perception of health risk, health consequences and protection of health associated with different risk factors. Results: In the first two phases, the recruitment rate of the departments was 80.7% (46 out of 57) and response rate of those recruited was 100% (n=46). The response rate for the last phase of the study was 66.8% (390 out of 584). Results of the practices and procedures audit show that ultrasound was the most common form of electrotherapy while microwave diathermy was neither available nor used in these departments. Pulsed shortwave diathermy was used 4-5 days per week while continuous shortwave diathermy was used rarely. Electrotherapy was provided to up to 50% of patients per week in the departments. The observational visits to the departments revealed that there were metallic objects within close proximity of diathermy equipment and wooden treatment couches for treatment with PSWD and CSWD were rare. The risk perception survey showed that physiotherapists generally perceived a moderate health risk and health consequences (harm) from exposure to EMF emissions from electrotherapy devices. Protection from EMFs in physiotherapy departments was generally perceived as ‘usually’ possible. Conclusions: Physiotherapy departments report safe electrotherapy practices. Use of diathermy devices that use RF EMFs is declining. The key predictors of physiotherapists’ perception of health risk were perception of health consequences and vice versa. Gender was a significant predictor of the perception of health risks and health consequences. The main predictor of perception of protection against risk was the knowledge of environmental and health issues. Latent dimensions of perceptions of health risk, health consequences and protection from risk were identified and confirmed and their predictors were determined.