Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Procédés textiles'
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Tran, Van Quyen. "Contribution à l'étude des procédés de filature non-conventionnelle : application à un procédé original de filature à fibres libérées." Mulhouse, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MULH0094.
Amara, Rabah. "Contribution à l'étude des procédés d'étirage rapide, par voie pneumatique." Mulhouse, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MULH0429.
Charrette, Hervé. "Étude théorique et experimentale du transfert de matière dans les procédés d'ennoblissement des textiles : application au lavage." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001INPL585N.
This work deals with the material transfers relative to the textiles enoblishment processes. First, a reminder of the processes used during the pre-treating of textiles allows us to situate the context and the main principles of the textile industry, thus we have focalized on the washing processes. An experimental system was set up to measure the speed of transfer of a marker through the material, dealing with it as a pseudo-homogeneous medium. These results allowed us to identify the most influential parameters in the speed of matter transfer : hydrodynamics and temperature, temperature having a lesser incidence. We then tried to increase the matter transfer speed. By an analogy with the concept of some heat exchangers, the idea occurred of the addition of agitators consisting of intermittent narrowing of the flow section, these narrowing bring about a convective transfer through the rnaterial. The experiments revealed transfer speeds at least 15 lime greater than before. Then, a diagnostic was made on an industrial washer thanks to the Resident Time Distribution (RTD)method. The results revealed three major dysfunctions : 20 % dead areas, dissymmetry of the flow on the width of the material, then an overlong time to get up to speed (around 1 1/2 hours), comparing to the resident lime of the fabric. AlI these results turned towards the concept of a new washing process based on the use of agitators, which has the advantage of taking less space than traditional processes, and having better efficiencies in term of water consumption and thermal losses. This prototype is under construction and this concept is already protected with the INPI, a Soleau envelope having been deposited with them
Pichon, Noémie. "Méthode de génération de données d’inventaire du génie des procédés textiles : contribution à l’écoconception des vêtements." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Centrale Lille Institut, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CLIL0039.
The fashion and textile industry is a complex, highly fragmented, and globalized valuechain, requiring a wide range of professions with specific expertise, and a highly heterogeneous level ofknowledge regarding the sector's environmental burdens. Given that climate and environmental issueshave never been so high on the agenda, scientific literature has been growing in recent years to assessthe environmental and human health impacts of this sector, which has been identified as the fourth mostpolluting industry in Europe, all impact categories combined. The eco-design of products is today acentral approach to achieve the sector's impact reduction targets. The challenge today is to extend itsuse to as many players as possible.The main aim of this research was to develop a method for generating textile Life Cycle Inventory(LCI) data, in order to promote eco-design and continuous improvement in the production stage of agarment's life cycle. The research work was carried out at the finest scale of textile process engineering,i.e. at the unit process scale. An illustration of this method for a specific transformation stage in textileengineering: from fiber to yarn, also known as spinning, was therefore carried out, including thecalculation of uncertainties. Finally, the analysis of the contributions to the results highlighted eco-design leverages
Fofana, Siaka. "Contribution à la conception d'un système informatique d'aide à la valorisation des rejets thermiques des procédés discontinus : application à l'ennoblissement textile." Mulhouse, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MULH0123.
Ruffin, Delphine. "Polymérisation et greffage sur fibres textiles des cyclodextrines par réticulation au moyen d'acides polycarboxyliques : étude des procédés et applications." Lille 1, 2002. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2002/50376-2002-393.pdf.
He, Zhenglei. "Modélisation et optimisation des procédés de fabrication textile à l'aide des techniques intelligentes." Thesis, Lille 1, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LIL1I061.
Textile manufacturing plays an important role in the world economy. While the globally increasing competition is stressing the textile companies to promote the manufacturing flexibility, as a trend of intelligent manufacturing in Industry 4.0, the future development of the textile manufacturing process will increasingly rely on shorter cycle and higher quality. However, the complicated intricate relationship between the large-scale parameter variables from a variety of textile processes makes it seem incredibly difficult. In order to overcome these issues, intelligent techniques are employed in this thesis to promote textile manufacturing from the process modeling and optimization.In this Ph.D. research, a thorough investigation and literature review regarding the previous studies on modeling and optimization of the textile manufacturing process using intelligent techniques. A series of the summarizations were determined in pros and cons, which provided a theoretical foundation and research direction for the subsequent studies. Three sub-studies thus were developed: A specific case study on textile ozonation process modeling using extreme learning machine (ELM), support vector regression (SVR) and random forest (RF) was developed, where the SVR models and RF models were found that both can well address the uncertain interrelationships of variables in the textile process modeling with less training data, but their requirement on training time is different. On the basis of the established RF models, a novel multi-criteria decision support system was then developed for textile optimization with the collaboration of the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) and the Deep Q-networks (DQN) algorithm, where the textile process is formulated as the Markov decision process (MDP) paradigm, and the application result showed that it can master the challenging decision-making tasks in the textile manufacturing process. To better address the growing complexity in this issue, the application of this developed system is further integrated into a multi-agent system for multi-objective optimization in the textile manufacturing process. The developed systems can optimize the textile process and help companies maintain competence in the trend of intelligent manufacturing in the textile industry
Laktionov, Evgueni Viktorovitch. "Déminéralisation de solutions électrolytiques diluées : Analyse comparative des performances de différents procédés d'électrodialyse." Montpellier 2, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998MON20088.
Harrlekas, Farida. "Couplage des procédés membranaires aux techniques physico-chimiques ou biologiques pour le traitement des rejets liquides de l'industrie de textile." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008INPL008N/document.
The treatment of textile wastewater is usually done by a set of physicochemical processes coupled with a biological treatment. The effluent quality abides with difficulty the norms for reuse or discharge in environment. Various treatment combinations have been tested such as coagulation-flocculation (CF) and adsorption on activated carbon (PAC) coupled with membrane technologies (microfiltration (MF) or ultrafiltration (UF)), photocatalysis coupled with a biological treatment (membrane bioreactor (MBR) or a sequential batch reactor (SBR) or a biological and chemical anaerobic treatment. A general comparison was made to optimise the appropriate treatment. The combination CF-PAC-UF is the most effective of non-biological systems in terms of COD, absorbance and turbidity removal. The degradation of an azoïc and a phthalocyanine textile dyes by simple photocatalysis or combined to a membrane bioreactor has been investigated. Photocatalysis was achieved in a falling film reactor containing titanium dioxide fixed on cellulose fibres under UV irradiation. For both biological systems, although biomass was influenced by the variation of dyes concentration and the continuous operating mode for the MBR, it could resist to the applied conditions. However, even after pre-treatment where full decolouration was achieved, photocatalytic by-products were toxic and could inhibit COD removal. Chemical and biological anaerobic treatment have been applied to textile dyes and combined with a photocatalytic process. Photocatalysis was able to remove more than 90% color from crude as well as autoxidized reduced dye solutions. The photocatalytic end-products were not toxic toward methanogenic bacteria
Bouafia-Chergui, S. "Dégradation des colorants textiles par procédés d'oxydation avancée basée sur la réaction de Fenton. Application à la dépollution des rejets industriels." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740134.
Chergui, Souâd. "Dégradation des colorants textiles par procédés d'oxydation avancée basée sur la réaction de Fenton : application à la dépollution des rejets industriels." Phd thesis, Université Paris-Est, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00582374.
Butstraen, Chloé. "Optimisation de l’encapsulation de produits lipophiles via l’utilisation des émulsions de Pickering et des procédés sol-gel pour la fonctionnalisation de textiles." Thesis, Lille 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LIL10111/document.
This study was performed as a part of FOMOTEX collaborative research project (functionalization foams and Innovative textiles). The purpose is the development of an encapsulation process of lipophilic product as flame retardants for the functionalization of textiles. To allow the bonding to textile fibers, their preparation is based on the synthesis of a double wall particles, the first wall having a protective role and the second, melt, allowing the linkage on the textile support during processing . This thesis focuses on the selection of materials to prepare the particles, on their processing and on the understanding of the synthesis mechanisms of particle and on their characterization to enable the optimization of synthesis parameters. A first part deals with the use of silica nanoparticles to extend the stabilization of the emulsion, called Pickering emulsion, and to limit the exudation phenomena of the active substance. Their influence on the encapsulation by sol-gel processes is studied. A second part concerns the study of the influence of formulation and synthesis parameters on micropaticules characteristics and the optimization of the encapsulation by sol-gel processes. Finally, in a last part, the concept of double wall microcoencapsulation, the outer membrane allowing bonding to textile fibers, has been validated
Salem, Mohamed Medhat. "Etude expérimentale et numérique des défauts de bouclage et de glissement lors de la mise en forme de composites structuraux à base de fibres synthétiques et végétales." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019INPT0117.
Composites with fibrous reinforcements are extensively used in advanced industries such as aeronautics or the automotive industry because of their higher mechanical property/mass ratio compared to that of metals. Their complex shape forming presents major scientific challenges, particularly for composites with woven reinforcements. In fact, woven reinforcements are subject to defects when shaped on complex geometries with high curvature. Some of these defects have already been the subject of several studies, while others, such as the tow buckling and sliding defects, have not been fully explored yet. At this moment, simulation codes cannot accurately predict the occurrence and development of tow buckling and sliding defects during the shape forming of woven reinforcements. One of the reasons is the lack of knowledge about the origin and kinematics of these defects. This thesis work proposes to bring more understanding on these defects through an experimental and numerical approach. Concerning the tow buckling defect, the influence of tensions in the tows network, the nature of the reinforcement, the reinforcement weave and the dimensions of the tows have been studied. For the sliding defect, the influence of the type of reinforcement, tensions in the tows, the reinforcement weave and the orientation of the tows in the reinforcement have been explored. These results open up perspectives for improving the quality of composite parts
Risicato, Jean-Vincent. "Optimisation de l'architecture des fils dans une structure textile 3D pour le renforcement de pièces composites." Thesis, Lille 1, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LIL10070/document.
The RaidOUTILS project aims the production of textile reinforcement for composite parts. Manufacturing of stiffeners with constant, as well as variable, cross sectional shape is possible. Interlacing is possible trough the thickness of the material and leads to a wide range of fibre orientation within the textile reinforcement. The RaidOUTILS technology is a hybridisation of braiding and weaving manufacturing. By combining properties from both technologies, steps such as cutting, joining and forming can be avoid. Those steps introduce defect in traditional reinforcement manufacturing cycle. Based on independent motion for each yarn within the structure it is possible to control interlacing and modify cross section. Modelling is also proposed for this process. It represents the yarn kinematic based on the existing machinery. The simple model is necessary to have a low calculation time to get the virtual skeleton of the structure. This skeleton returns data such as interlacing, orientation of the preform. The aim of the project is the creation of a new 3D textile manufacturing process and also to make the link between a product (textile) and the process by modelling
Ribolzi, Serge. "Procédé de détection électro-optique en temps réel des défauts dans les tissus." Mulhouse, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990MULH0166.
Boukhriss, Aicha. "Elaboration de revêtements hybrides par le procédé sol-gel pour conférer de nouvelles fonctions à des matériaux textiles." Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 2, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CLF22611/document.
This work consists to provide a functionalization of textile surfaces by the sol-gel process using alcoxysilanes. The final aim is to impart water repellent, flame retardant and fluorescent features to textile surfaces. Firstly, the effects of synthesis parameters such as the concentration of the alcoxysilanes and the impregnation time of the fabrics in the solution (sol) prepared have been thoroughly investigated. Then, we have prepared a silica modified sol which is expected to induce a water repellent feature to textile. To investigate the water repellency under practical conditions, the common “rain test” was used according to AATCC test method 22-2005 also mechanical properties of treated un untreated textile was studied according to ISO 13934. Furthermore, thermal properties of sol-gel modified textiles were investigated and their water repellency abilities were assessed and compared after photo ageing upon UV irradiations.Secondly, we have showed that the immobilization of ionic liquids onto the surface of textile fabrics can be achieved by the sol-gel process, which is of a growing interest due to its simplicity and flexibility. For this aim, two ionic liquids were synthesized using halogenated alkoxysilane, and then grafted onto the cotton fabrics by sol- gel process .The functionalized cotton fabrics exhibit good water repellency and flame stability. Finally, a fluorophores bearing phenolic hydroxyl and pyridinium end groups have been synthesized and grafted into cellulosic fiber by sol -gel process. This fluorophores have been firstly synthesized by double Heck couplings, and then we have studied their photo physical behavior as function of their concentration both in ethanol and in the textile. We have also grafted the fluorophores in cellulosic textile by sol gel method to have fluorescent and PH-sensitive properties
Aubé, Carole. "La naissance du Sentier : l'espace du commerce des tissus à Paris dans la première moitié du XIXe siècle." Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0168/document.
Located in the very heart of Paris, the SENTIER which prevails in the second half of the 19th century as the most active center of the business of international trade of fabrics, built itself in the continuity of a " former SENTIER " which has its origins in the first half of the 19th century. Relying on the Almanachs of the Trade of Paris to reconstruct the economic infrastructure of this space, we were able to highlight the characteristics of this first socio-economic group and the increasing centrality of the Montmartre neighborhood in the trade of fabrics. Located at the edge of the places of the "new Parisian modernity ", this district became the central point of the wholesale fabrics trade, led by an important trade firmly established in the streets of the Sentier, Saint Fiacre and Jeuneurs. It mainly concerns, at the beginning of the century, the trade of articles of cotton cloths and shawls, joined from 1830s, by the sale of laces, merino fabrics and fashionable fabrics. In our search to seize all the elements in action in the identity construction of this original space, the exploitation of diverse sources, such as the cadastral sources, the composition of electoral rolls or the notarial archives, allowed us to restore a precise image of these dynamics to express the importance of this professional sphere and its multiple consequences on the physical and social space of this district
Philips-Invernizzi, Bernadette. "Etude et modélisation de la couleur des mélanges de fibres textiles colorées : contribution à la détermination d'un procédé de formulation colorimétrique des mélanges de fibres colorées." Lille 1, 2001. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/RESTREINT/Th_Num/2001/50376-2001-153.pdf.
Fonteneau-Tamine, Céline. "Contribution à la mise au point d'un procédé écologique maîtrisant les cinétiques de fixation de colorants anioniques sur laine." Mulhouse, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999MULH0571.
Liu, Lingshan. "Development and optimization of the tufting process for textile composite reinforcement." Thesis, Lille 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LIL10029/document.
Three-dimensional fabrics are widely used in several industries to manufacture thicker and more complex composite parts. Tufting technology is employed to bond dry reinforcements together or to reinforce the composites in the thickness by structural yarns. The thesis is dedicated to the development of tufting technology and the analysis of the influence of tufting parameters on preforming behaviours and mechanical properties of tufted preform and composite. The tufting process and the self-designed equipment configuration are described in detail in the thesis. The tufting parameters can be completely controlled by user. Influence of tufting length through the thickness on mechanical properties of 3D tufted preform and composite is analysed in this study. 3D composite samples are prepared with varied tufting length. Tensile tests are carried out to determine the influence of the tuft length on the mechanical performance of tufted samples. The tensile results and microscopic analysis on the cross section of 3D specimen show that the tuft length strongly influences on the mechanical properties of composite. Therefore, the control of these parameters is necessary to optimize the tufting process and thus improve the mechanical performance of assembled thick reinforcements. The preforming behaviours of tufted 3D reinforcement in the hemispherical stamping process are also analysed. The experimental data demonstrates the influence of tufting yarns on the material draw-in, interply sliding, and winkling phenomenon during forming. Furthermore, the orientations of tufting yarn affected the forming results, which leaded to misalignment defect in the zone of strong in-plane shear
Vannier, Aurore. "Procédés d'ignifugation du poly(éthylène téréphtalate) - application textile : synergie entre OMPOSS et retardateur de flamme phosphoré." Thesis, Lille 1, 2008. http://www.theses.fr/2008LIL10039/document.
This study proposes to f1ame retard PET by the incorporation of a phosphorous based fia me retardant (OP950) and nanoparticles (LDH, MWNT, OMPOSS). Whereas the synthesized LDH lead to the degradation of PET, MWNT and OMPOSS bring an improvement in the f1ame retarding properties. A synergistic effect is observed when OMPOSS are added simultaneously with OP950 (bringing intumescence). This effect is due to physical phenomena such as the sublimation of the POSS. The study of the degradation of the different components of the blend revealed the formation of phosphate based species or silica, that do not react with each other or with the polymer. The improvement of the fire properties is then attributed to the formation of phosphorous components acting as a barrier between the polymer and the f1ame. It is proposed that silica reinforce the mechanical properties of the char, and that the gaseous components act as blowing agent. The feasibility of the spinning has been studied and fibres elaborated in spite of the poor dispersion of the additives into the polymer matrix. A masterbatch has been industrially prOOuced from this study by industrial partner. The non-wovens manufactured with those fibres show goOO fire retarding properties. They pass a number of normalized tests. This masterbatch is now commercialized
Tao, Xuyuan. "Systèmes intelligents intégrés aux structures textiles." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10085/document.
The main objective of our study consisted of designing and realization of novel generation conductive fibers and fibrous field-effect and electrochemical transistors. The conductive yarn has been realized by “sol-gel” method by coating the textile filament with Indium Tin Oxide followed by an annealing process in order to densify and crystallize oxide crystals. A new method has been developed to anneal at low temperature for 24 h. The average resistivity obtained is 1.45 Ω•cm after five dips coating and annealing under the conditions described above. The fibrous transistors have been developed by transposition of the fabrication of conventional OFETs by using the oligomer and polymer. The average mobility of charges in pentacène varies between 4×10-4 and 6×10-4 cm2/V∙s. The solution process of "dip-coating" has been used in order to develop fibrous transistor in polymer by using P3HT RR as the semiconductor material. The average mobility of these transistors is about 2.0×10-4 cm2/V∙s. We also realized the fibrous electrochemical transistor. The textile yarns are coated with a solution PEDOT:PSS to achieve the conductivity. Fibrous electrochemical transistors are made in two different forms: “cross” and “parallel line”. They all correctly present the characteristics with the advantage of a low operating voltage, which is compatible with textile use. Electronic circuits textiles also been developed by using these fibrous electrochemical transistors: digital circuits (inverter and "NOR") embroidered into a fabric. An amplifier has also been realized
Zongo, Inoussa. "Étude expérimentale et théorique du procédé d'électrocoagulation : application au traitement de deux effluents textiles et d'un effluent simulé de tannerie." Thesis, Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009INPL066N/document.
Electrocoagulation (EC) is a water treatment technology that relies on the electrochemical sacrificial anodes (in Fe or Al) dissolution. This metal dissolve themselves in Al3+ and Fe2+ cations that later oxidise to Fe3+ ions. These cations form metal hydroxides that adsorb the impurities of the effluent while decreasing the zeta potential. The electrochemical reactor used consists on two plane parallel metal electrodes with recirculation of the effluent to be treated between them. Current densities from 50 to 200 A/m2 were imposed to treat each effluent. Three effluents were used in this study. The first one is an effluent sampled at the outlet of a textile plant (« plant »). The second one is a mixture of several effluents coming from different plant and collected at the inlet of the wastewater treatment (« treatment plant »). The last one is a wastewater tannery plant simulated by addition of 200 ppm Chromium VI in the treatment plant effluent. For each experience the current density and the time of treatment rule the electrical charge and the concentration in dissolved metal reached. The influence of these four parameters on the elimination of COD, absorbance, turbidity, COT and hexavalent chromium content has been studied. Parameters e.g. potential, faradic yield, metal dissolution and pH have also been continuously monitored to better understand their role on EC process. The results show that DCO abatement reached 80 and 82% for treatment plant effluent, respectively with iron and aluminium electrodes; and 75 and 67% for plant effluent, respectively with iron and aluminium electrodes. The chromium treatment yields 100 % abatement with Fe electrodes whereas it is only 70% using Al electrodes. Models have been developed for COD and absorbance removal for the two electrode materials. Model for chromium (VI) treatment has been established considering all reactions occurring for iron EC. Metal speciation study allowed us to determine the optimal pH of coagulation –flocculation for each metal involved in the treatment (Al, Fe, Cr). Competition between organic pollution removal and chromium elimination has been also investigated for each electrode material
Park, Keun Hoo. "Contribution à la modélisation, à l'identification et à la simulation d'un procédé de teinture des microfibres de polyester." Lille 1, 2004. https://pepite-depot.univ-lille.fr/LIBRE/Th_Num/2004/50376-2004-21-22.pdf.
La deuxième partie traite de la modélisation de la diffusion des colorants dans la fibre. Une étude de sensibilité montre que le paramètre de diffusion, le plus significatif lors de la teinture, dépend fortement de la concentration initiale du colorant, de la température du bain, du titre de la fibre et du temps de diffusion. Ce travail contribue à une meilleure compréhension des phénomènes liés à la teinture. L'ensemble des paramètres du modèle est ensuite identifié par des méthodes d'optimisation utilisant des algorithmes génétiques. Les résultats obtenus sont validés pour différentes fibres de polyester et notamment les microfibres et super microfibres. Cette approche spécifique à la modélisation de la diffusion peut s'étendre à la modélisation d'un processus de teinture global permettant les simulations des expériences sur ordinateur et la réalisation de teintures virtuelles. La dernière partie est axée sur la simulation du processus de teinture à partir du modèle global. Ce modèle génère la dynamique de teinture à partir du profil de température imposé, de la concentration initiale de colorant et du titre de la fibre de polyester. Afin de garantir un unisson correct, différents profils de température et concentrations initiales ont pu être testés par l'intermédiaire de la simulation du modèle. Le résultat de cette étude a été de résoudre le compromis entre ces deux paramètres. La prise en compte de l'expérience des teinturiers est intégrée pour établir le lien entre l'unisson et la dynamique souhaitée
Moussa, Yasser. "Contribution à l'étude du procédé de décoloration de quelques colorants organiques utilisés dans l'industrie textile." Mulhouse, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003MULH0719.
We studied the photodecolorization of the Acid Orange 7, Acid Orange 8, Acid blue 74 and Methyl Orange in the presence of H202 in the different types of the photochemical reactors: full annular reactor, reversed immersion, batch, Continue with or without recirculation. The action of UV irradiation at 253,7 nm, of H202 alone and Of UV/H202 was studied. The effects of the initial dye concentration, of H202 dosage and of the pH on the kinetics of the reaction and hydrodynamic behaviour were investigated. We have established a mathematical relation for kinetic modelling. The model's parameters have been determined
Issa, Hamoud Houeida. "Réactivité de catalyseurs à base de cérium pour l'oxydation catalytique des colorants textiles en procédé Fenton/photo Fenton." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015LORR0260/document.
In this work, the parameters and mechanisms governing the reactivity of cerium based materials towards the degradation of textile dyes, taken separately or in binary mixture, in Fenton/photo-Fenton process have been investigated. For this purpose, five sets of catalysts were performed in order to determine the respective effects of : (i) the specific surface area of commercial CeO2 (SBET = 11, 101,5 ; 148 ; 235 and 284 m2/g); (ii) the zirconia doping ((CexZr1-xO2 with different Ce content (x = 0 ; 0,2 ; 0,5 ; 0,8 ; 1)); (iii) the treatment with H2SO4 ; and (iv) the impregnation of different metals in CeO2 (M = Ba, Bi, La, V and Mo). The textural, structural and chemical properties of the studied ceria-based materials were systematically characterized by nitrogen porosimetry, Raman, XRD, XPS, ATR/FTIR, DR-UV-Vis and TGA. Discoloration and mineralization kinetics of Orange II dye in presence of CeO2/H2O2 system are strongly related to the surface area of catalysts and other parameters (UV-Vis irradiation, pH, temperature, concentration of catalyst and H2O2). The presence of another dye with similar (Acid Green 25) or opposite charge (Malachite Green) can also influence the discoloration kinetics of Orange II. Comparing with single dye solutions, the degradation efficiency of both Orange II and Acid Green 25 were reduced in the mixture due to the competitive adsorption of both anionic dyes onto the same surface Ce sites. However, the discoloration of Malachite Green was enhanced in the presence of Orange II due to the simultaneous contribution of both coagulation/flocculation and Fenton-like process. It is suggested that a Malachite Green ion is electrostatically attracted by an Orange II ion at pH = 3. In addition, the performance of the mixed oxides in the heterogeneous Fenton process is strongly related to their textural, structural and chemical properties. Briefly, characterizations by XRD and Raman spectroscopy indicate that these nanosized mixed oxides can be considered as good quality solid solutions and possess structural properties consistent with the known phase diagram of CexZ1-xO2. The sulfation treatment mostly affects the Ce rich catalysts by increasing the crystallite size and lowering the specific surface area. The dissolution of ceria during sulfation followed by formation of Ce(SO4)2 amorphous phase on catalyst surface was investigated by UV-Vis and TGA analysis. Sulfation treatment as well as doping ceria with Zr increases the amount of reduced sites Ce (III) and defect sites.DR-UV-Vis, FTIR/ATR and Raman spectroscopic studies for adsorption and activation of H2O2 on mixed oxides show the formation of surface Ce-peroxo species as intermediate to generate hydroxyl radicals. The relative amounts of these species on the mixed oxides and/or not modified was indirectly determined using TPD-MS, giving rather good indication about the performances of catalysts towards the degradation of dye. The concentration of surface Ce, the density of defects Ce(III) sites (increased by doping and sulfation treatment) and the surface area appear to be among the most important parameters affecting the catalytic activity. Impregnation of ceria with different metals did not show a positive effect on the reactivity of this material in Fenton process. A possible mechanism for the activation of H2O2 was discussed in details according to all the experimental results and to the literature. From a mechanistic viewpoint, it is shown using FTIR/ATR and liquid UV-Vis spectroscopic measurements that the adsorption of the anionic dye is highly pH-dependent and proceeds via electrostatic interactions with surface metal centers. A possible pathway for Orange degradation is proposed on the basis of qualitative and quantitative detection of intermediate compounds, in liquid phase and on catalyst surface, using various techniques (FTIR/ATR, DR-UV-VIS, HPLC and GC/MS)
Desorme, Mylène. "Filage du chitosane pour l’élaboration de textiles biomédicaux innovants." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10112.
This work deals with the development of new chitosan fiber spinning processes and the study of morphological, mechanical and biological properties of obtained fibers, in the perspective of their use as yarns or textiles in biomedical applications (in particular, the design of abdominal reinforcement meshes for visceral surgery and wound dressings for the treatment of chronic wounds). The monofilaments were elaborated from hydroalcoholic chitosan solutions. The two processes that we described are based on the physical gelation of the polymer without using any external crosslinking agent. The systematic study of physico-chemical parameters occurring during the fiber formation allowed to determine the key parameters controlling the crystalline morphology of fibers, especially the anhydrous and hydrated crystalline fractions. The mechanical properties of chitosan fibers are stable at least up to 6 months of storage at ambient atmosphere, and were optimized by acting on processing parameters (filament stretching at different steps of its elaboration) and physico-chemical parameters (chitosan concentration in the dope, molecular weight of the polymer and composition of the hydroalcoholic solvent). The observation of the fiber morphology at different length scales by X-ray diffusion/diffraction and electronic microscopy in relation to their mechanical properties allowed us to comprehend the microstructural evolution during fiber stretching, including the mechanism of fibril formation and the key length scales to understand the behaviour at break of fibers (100-300 nm aggregate morphology). Finally, a subcutaneous implantation of chitosan fibers with different crystalline morphologies (anhydrous and hydrated) validated the potential of these fibers in their biological applications with an excellent tolerance of implanted biomaterials (very low inflammatory and tissue reactions) and a low biodegradability after 90 days of implantation
Hammami, Samiha. "Étude de dégradation des colorants de textile par les procédés d'oxydation avancée : application à la dépollution des rejets industriels." Phd thesis, Université de Marne la Vallée, 2008. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00740155.
Aridhi, Abderrahmen. "Analyse structurelle des composites tissés prenant en compte le procédé de mise en forme." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI012/document.
During the forming process, the woven fabric/prepreg can undergo large fiber rotations due to plane shear deformation. These rotations are mostly important in zones with complexe gometries such as double curvature. Therefore, the fiber reorientations in the new sheared fabric affects significantly the strength and performance of final product. The aim of this thesis work is to develop a constitutive model that taking into account the angle's between the weft and warp yarns. An hypoelastic model has been developed in order to simulate the forming of dry fabric. The forming simulation allows to determine the final reorientations between yarns through the shear angles. The later are transferred into an orthotropic elastic model, developed to perform a structural analysis of a cured composite after its forming. The orthotropic model has been validated by a tensile test on cured specimens after a bias extension test. Finally, to demonstrate the performance of this orthotropic model (taking into account the reorientation of yarns), FE analysis on cured hemisphere and double dome have been performed. The results obtained by the orthotropic model have been compared with those obtained from a model without taking into account the reorientation of yarns
Dreano, Loïc. "Modèles d'interactions "procédé - microstructure - performances mécaniques de matériaux composites à renfort textile" : étude du tressage tridimensionnel par entremêlement couche à couche." Lyon 1, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001LYO10241.
Casetta, Mathilde. "Procédé de teinture du polyester par les colorants dispersés : étude physico-chimique et modélisation+." Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL10181.
Ainsi, l'étude de l'influence de différents paramètres (temps, température, produits auxiliaires,. . . ) sur le comportement des colorants en solution aqueuse met en évidence des phénomènes de déstabilisation des dispersions et permet de sélectionner un colorant présentant des propriétés adaptées à la teinture à haute température. La réalisation des expériences de teinture pour diverses températures de mise en oeuvre et avec différentes concentrations initiales en colorant conduit à l'obtention des isothermes de partage qui reflètent la manière dont le colorant se répartit entre le bain et la fibre. La procédure de modélisation est réalisée à partir des valeurs obtenues suite à ces expériences et aboutit à l'établissement de modèles mathématiques du coefficient de diffusion. Les paramètres intervenant dans ces nouveaux modèles sont identifiés grâce à l'utilisation de l'optimisation par les algorithmes génétiques et leur dépendance par rapport. à la. Concentration initiale en colorant et la température est établie
Le, Meur Kevin. "Etude du procédé d'estampage de plaques composites thermo-plastiques et recherche d'une méthodologie efficiente pour l'analyse de la faisabilité d'une pièce complexe." Thesis, Lyon, INSA, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ISAL0115.
The thermo-stamping process is a promising way for the mass production of the composite parts. However this process is complex to master and simulate due to the multi-physics background (textile deformation, thermal shock, rubbing...) and trial and error tests campaigns can be expensive. This study focuses on the measurement and assessment of the process and materials behaviour, to simulate the cooling down of the matrix and the forming of the woven. Typical defects are mentioned as well as associated industrial solutions to solve them. The simulation makes it possible to determine the consolidation time necessary in order to optimize the manufacturing time as a function of the material used and of its thickness. Furthermore the forming simulation shows the feasibility of the part and the fibre orientation to design the product for the static and crash cases. The contributions of this work are the following: thermal measurements of the pre-consolidated plate during the stamping phase and the thermal chock at the surface of the composites, an efficient method to analyse the feasibility of a complex shape in an industrial context is proposed through forming simulations compared to the experiment. Finally, a methodology for the analysis of the in-plane shearing behaviour of a woven fabric with non-orthogonal warp and weft yarn is proposed
Weiss, Nathalie. "Contribution à l'analyse thermique et chimique d'un procédé industriel de blanchiment à la continue de tissus coton." Mulhouse, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MULH0678.
The scoring and bleaching treatments are used to eliminate impurities present in the cellulosic fibres and to destroy the natural dyes of cotton. The pretreatment steamer in which the cold fabric impregnated with the reactants is fed, contains saturated steam. The fabric is then heated up to the steam's température and is left in the steamer long enough for the chemical réactions to take place without any drying phenomena. To prevent the formation of condensation droplets that would dilute locally the reactants, the steamer is fed with slightly overheated steam. The modélisation of the fabric's then-nal behaviour shows that the heating step is very short (less than a second). During the next 10 to 20 minutes, the fabric can only be drying in the steamer. It is then of the utmost importance to have a good control of the heat and water exchanges during all the process. The optimal conditions for the bleaching reaction are reached for a pH of 10,5. An industriel process in very alkali conditions and with a large excess of hydrogen peroxide ensure a reproducible treatment
Basset, Michel. "Contribution à l'étude in-situ de vibrations mécaniques : applications au contrôle de procédé et à la maintenance conditionnelle." Mulhouse, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991MULH0212.
Benchenaa, Imane. "Contribution des caractérisations photocatalytiques et de l’analyse de surface pour l’application de propriétés photocatalytiques en surface de substrats organiques (textiles et papiers)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10068/document.
This thesis work is part of a collaborative project with an industrial purpose aiming at the development of composite materials with photocatalytic properties (composed of TiO2 nanoparticles) obtained by sol-gel process for application on organic substrates (textiles and paper): integration of TiO2 nanoparticles into a sol-gel hybrid (organic-inorganic) matrix and dispersion of TiO2 nanoparticles in mesoporous silica microparticles. The original contribution of this work was to develop characterization by surface analysis techniques (SEM, XPS and ToF-SIMS) and correlate these results to those from the photocatalytic tests (following the degradation of a model pollutant (formic acid) in aqueous solution under UV irradiation). Complementarily to the issue of matrices porosity, surface analysis techniques (SEM, XPS and ToF –SIMS) allowed to define criteria such as availability of photocatalyst (TiO2) at the outermost surface but also the modification of the matrix around the TiO2. These criteria were used to better understand the differences in photocatalytic properties of various composite materials deposited on the surface of organic substrates
Chirat, Mathieu. "Synthèse de nouveaux tensioactifs macromoléculaires complexants et étude de leurs interactions avec le cobalt pour le développement d’un procédé de décontamination des textiles en milieu CO2 dense." Thesis, Montpellier, Ecole nationale supérieure de chimie, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ENCM0018/document.
This study is about textile decontamination in dense CO2 (liquid CO2 or supercritical CO2). The study is carried out in the framework of decontamination of textile used in the nuclear industry. The dense CO2 offers an alternative to aqueous medium used in the current process which generates a huge quantity of contaminated aqueous effluent requiring a post-treatment. Cobalt is the targeted contamination and can be found as ionic species or particles. The cobalt extraction in dense CO2 is achieved with an additive : a complexing CO2-philic/CO2-phobic macromolecular surfactant. Several types of additives were synthesized by controlled free radical polymerization : gradient copolymers made with CO2-philic groups (silicone-based or fluorinated moieties) and CO2-phobic complexing groups (acetoacetoxy, diethylphosphonate or phosphonic acid moieties). The copolymer behavior in dense CO2 was determined by phase diagram measurements (cloud point method) and their self-assembly in dense CO2 was investigated by small angle neutron scattering. The fluorinated copolymers were found advantageous in terms of solubility. Nevertheless, the silicone-based copolymers showed solubilities which are compatible with the process, therefore they are a good alternative to avoid fluorinated compounds which are unwanted in the conditioning of nuclear wastes. The study of cobalt complexation by the copolymers (UV-vis spectroscopy and inductively coupled plasma-mass spectroscopy) established relations between the type of complexing group and the affinity with the cobalt. The solubility of copolymer-cobalt complexes in dense CO2 is similar to those of copolymers. Moreover, the self-assembly study of the complex revealed a low aggregation. Finally, the synthesized copolymers were used in particle or ionic decontamination processes. In the case of ionic decontamination process, a rate of 70% of decontamination was reached with the use of gradient copolymer poly(1,1,2,2-tetrahydroperfluorodecyle acrylate-covinylbenzylphosphonic diacid) which allowed the formation of water-in-CO2 microemulsion. The efficiency of the decontamination process was even improved up to 97% with the addition of pyridine in the process
Boulinguiez, Benoit. "Procédé d'adsorption et régénération électrothermique sur textile de carbone activé - Une solution pour la problématique des COV dans des gaz à fort potentiel énergétique." Phd thesis, Université Rennes 1, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00540206.
Boulinguiez, Benoît. "Procédé d'adsorption et régénération électrothermique sur textile de carbone activé : une solution pour la problématique des COV dans des gaz à fort potentiel énergétique." Rennes 1, 2010. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00540206.
An adsorption-electrodesorption process on activated carbon fabric is deemed to address the issue of volatile organic compounds at trace concentrations in methane-rich gases : biogas and natural gas. The experimental procedure is divided into two connected sections so as to, firstly, assess the potential of several materials and define the most relevant in the working conditions by means of modelling chemical and physical phenomena adsorption-bound and desorption-bound; secondly implement this fabric in a specific lab-scale pilot-unit, designed to perform continuous treatment. Adsorption and desorption in steady conditions of the studied organic volatile compounds: toluene, isopropanol, methylene chloride, ethanethiol, octamethylecyclotetrasiloxane et tetrahydrothiophene, on several activated carbon fabrics are characterised, modelled et quantified in order to design the lab-scale pilot-unit
Abd, Jelil Radhia. "Modélisation de la relation entre les paramètres du procédé plasma et les caractéristiques de la qualité du matériau textile par apprentissage de données physiques." Thesis, Lille 1, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LIL10017/document.
Atmospheric plasma treatment seems to be a good way to treat quickly, cheaply and ecologically textile material surfaces. Despite these advantages, it is extremely difficult to understand the complex non-linear relationship between the plasma processing parameters and the final properties of materials. Therefore, the study and optimization of such process must be based on an exploitation of intelligent techniques such as fuzzy logic and neural networks. In a first part, the impact of atmospheric air Dielectric Barrier Discharge (DBD) plasma treatment is studied on different types of polyester and viscose woven fabrics. In order to get a better understanding on how the structure of woven fabrics influence on the results of the plasma treatment, a selection of the most relevant parameters was carried out by using a fuzzy logic based sensitivity variation criterion. This work shows that that the electric power, the treatment speed, the composition, the fibers fineness, the air permeability, the weave construction and the summit density have an influence on the wettability and the capillarity of fabrics. Lastly, a neural network approach was developed to predict the relationship between the selected input parameters and the fabric hydrophilic properties. Very satisfactory results were obtained and show a good capacity of generalization. Moreover, a quantitative analysis based on the weights of connections was conducted to analyze the relative importance of the input parameters. The results of this analysis are coherent with those obtained by using the fuzzy logic based sensitivity variation criterion. Thus, this finding confirms, on the one hand, the influence of the selected parameters and, on the other hand, it shows the efficiency of neural networks
Perrin, Jordan. "Production de cellulose pure à partir de bois par un procédé d’épuration et de blanchiment propre à base d’ozone, en vue d’une valorisation textile ou chimique." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016GREAI088/document.
Bleaching of wood pulp is still an environmental issue. A new ozone-based TCF bleaching sequence made it possible to produce a bleached dissolving pulp whose properties were comparable to those of a pulp bleached with a conventional bleaching sequence using chlorine dioxide (ECF). It was noticed that the TCF bleached pulp had better brightness stability. The origin of yellowing is still poorly understood. It was studied here by the implementation of several analytical methods including EPR spectroscopy, UVRaman spectroscopy and also fluorescence spectroscopy for the specific analysis of carbonyl and carboxyl groups. It was shown that the carbonyl groups present on the cellulose are detrimental to the brightness stability, both during accelerated ageing and mercerization. They can be partly eliminated by an alkaline treatment, which improves the brightness stability. Addition of hydrogen peroxide allows for a further increase of the brightness stability, but without any extra carbonyl removal. It would have an effect on some conjugated residual chromophores, mainly quinones, involved in the yellowing mechanism. The TCF pulp would possess less quinones than a ECF pulp
Chadeau, Élise. "Caractérisation des propriétés antibactériennes de textiles fonctionnalisés avec de l’argent ou du PolyHexaMéthylène Biguanide (PHMB)." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011LYO10030/document.
Adhesion of pathogenic or spoilage microorganisms on the surfaces present in food industry can lead to contaminations of foods. Besides the economical impact for this industrial sector, these contaminations might alleviate food quality and hygiene and affect public health. Professional clothes constitute one of the vectors of contamination by the staff of food-processing industry. This work is a part of a collaborative project (Actiprotex) and concerns the evaluation of the antimicrobial activity of antimicrobial textiles developed for the hospital sector and the food-processing industry. Three methodologies were employed to obtain deposits of antimicrobial agents on textiles surfaces: plasma (PVD / PECVD) or sol-gel methodologies for the silver deposit and spin coating with a solution containing laurylsulfate and PolyHexamethylene Biguanide (PHMB). The antimicrobial activities of functionalized textiles were estimated after 24 hours of contact (according to the standard ISO 20743- 2005). The quantities of antimicrobial agent at the extreme surface of the textiles were estimated by two techniques of analyses of surface: the photoelectronic spectroscopy by X-rays (XPS) and the mass spectrometry of secondary ions (ToF-SIMS). Textiles functionalized by plasma methodology with silver were effective against Listeria innocua LRGIA 01. For the textiles functionalized by sol-gel methodology, the tested textiles were also very active towards L. innocua LRGIA 01 and Escherichia coli XL1 blue. However, E. coli XL1 blue seemed to be more sensitive to the silver on textiles than the L. innocua LRGIA 01 strain. Textiles treated with the PHMB also turned out to be very active towards L. innocua LRGIA 01 and Staphylococcus aureus methi-R nosoco 3011, however viable but not cultivable cell (VNC) were also revealed after contact of these 2 strains with the PHMB treated textile. Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 15742 was more resistant to PHMB than these 2 strains. The washing resistance of silver- or PHMB-deposits was also estimated. Most of the silver deposit following plasma treatment was washed out while the PHMB deposit turned out to resist to 10 industrial washes. To understand the mechanism of action of the PHMB against L. innocua LRGIA 01, three approaches were considered: the epifluorescence microscopy in the presence of fluorescent dyes to estimate the state of the membrane cells, spectrofluorimetry in the presence of fluorescent probes (DPH and TMA-DPH) to estimate the membrane fluidity of cells and finally the infrared transformed Fourier spectroscopy (IRTF) to estimate the changes of conformation of the membrane
Wang, Jie. "Simulation macro-méso de la mise en forme de renforts tissés interlocks." Thesis, Lyon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LYSEI075.
The forming stage in the RTM process is crucial because it strongly influences the mechanical behavior of composites in service. In order to better predict the appearance of possible defects of composite materials, numerical simulations are increasingly developed taking into account the duration and the cost of experiences. Deformations and orientations of yarns at the mesoscopic scale are essential to simulate the resin flow in the stage of injection. Given the number of elements and their complex interactions, it is difficult to conduct the shaping simulations for the entire reinforcement at this mesoscopic scale. This present thesis consists in developing a multiscale method that allows linking the macroscopic simulations of reinforcements and the mesoscopic modellings of RVE (representative volume element) during the forming process. Firstly, the numerical simulations for three different woven reinforcements at the macroscopic scale are carried out using an anisotropic hyperelastic constitutive law, by the finite element method with a dynamic explicit scheme. Then, the geometrical modelling of RVE at the mesoscopic scale are reconstituted based on the tomographic images. The mesoscopic displacement-deformation fields of woven reinforcements are determined from the macroscopic results and the position of the yarns. In order to take into consideration sliding effects of yarns, two approaches of mesoscopic simulations of RVE are developed. Finally, the mesoscopic numerical results are compared with the experimental results
Gregori, Damia. "Revêtements photocatalytiques pour substrats organiques souples." Thesis, Lyon 1, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014LYO10060/document.
Heterogeneous photocatalysis was widely developed these last years for water and air depollution. Applications on organic and flexible substrates, like textiles, induce many challenges. The coating must be photoactive without damaging the media. With the use of TiO2 as photocatalyst, a good fixation of the particles is essential to prevent their release into the environment. The material structuration is also an important point. Film porosity promotes pollutants/photocatalysts interactions but must be obtained at low temperatures to avoid textiles degradation. In this context, we chose to synthesize composite coatings inserting commercial TiO2 particles into a silica matrix used as binder and protective layer. The matrix is prepared by the sol-gel process that allows adding organic groups into the silicate network. Such modification of the structure provides flexibility to maintain the mechanical properties of the supports. Our study is devoted to the development and optimization of these systems. The first part was conducted on inorganic substrates to define models behavior before transferring the technology on textiles. Film efficiency was evaluated in gas and aqueous phase degrading formic acid, methylene blue and toluene. The UV stability of the media and the film was followed by several analytical techniques (SEM, XPS, ToF-SIMS, NMR, contact angle, IR, colorimetry) accelerating the photoaging of the materials. Various mechanical characterizations came to complete our study