Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Problèmes d'apprentissage en ligne'
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 dissertations / theses for your research on the topic 'Problèmes d'apprentissage en ligne.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse dissertations / theses on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
Vu, Dong Quan. "Models and solutions of strategic resource allocation problems : approximate equilibrium and online learning in Blotto games." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2020. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2020SORUS120.pdf.
Full textResource allocation problems are broadly defined as situations involving decisions on distributing a limited budget of resources in order to optimize an objective. In particular, many of them involve interactions between competitive decision-makers which can be well captured by game-theoretic models. In this thesis, we choose to investigate resource allocation games. We primarily focus on the Colonel Blotto game (CB game). In the CB game, two competitive players, each having a fixed budget of resources, simultaneously distribute their resources toward n battlefields. Each player evaluates each battlefield with a certain value. In each battlefield, the player who has the higher allocation wins and gains the corresponding value while the other loses and gains zero. Each player's payoff is her aggregate gains from all the battlefields. First, we model several prominent variants of the CB game and their extensions as one-shot complete-information games and analyze players' strategic behaviors. Our first main contribution is a class of approximate (Nash) equilibria in these games for which we prove that the approximation error can be well-controlled. Second, we model resource allocation games with combinatorial structures as online learning problems to study situations involving sequential plays and incomplete information. We make a connection between these games and online shortest path problems (OSP). Our second main contribution is a set of novel regret-minimization algorithms for generic instances of OSP under several restricted feedback settings that provide significant improvements in regret guarantees and running time in comparison with existing solutions
Larmuseau, Charlotte. "Learning Analytics pour la compréhension des processus d'apprentissage dans les environnements d'apprentissage en ligne." Thesis, Lille, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LILUI082.
Full textThe current learning landscape is evolving in terms of what is learned and the context in which learning takes place. This can largely be related to the continuously changing requirements of today’s labor market. Additionally, the availability of information technology has changed the traditional educational boundaries of time, space, and informational access. From an instructional design perspective, the combination of both phenomena poses a great challenge for researchers and instructional designers to implement instruction that meets the requirements of the current learning landscape (Ng, 2015). A research-based instructional design model that has proven to be effective in promoting complex learning is the four-component instructional design model (4C/ID-model; van Merriënboer et al., 2002). Nonetheless, offering an online learning environment based on a research-based instructional design model is not necessarily a guarantee for its effectiveness. As the learner is an active agent in the online learning process, the effectiveness of learning environments largely depends on student cognitive and motivational-affective characteristics. In order to investigate characteristics that can influence the effectiveness of a 4C/ID-based online course and how effectiveness can be facilitated, the current research project was divided into respectively research track 1 and 2. On the basis of three studies, research track 1 examined the influence of students’ cognitive and motivational-affective characteristics. More particularly, Study 1 and 2 investigated the influence of students’ technology acceptance and students’ perceptions of instructional quality. Additionally, study 3 investigated the influence of students’ prior knowledge and motivational characteristics. Findings of study 1 and 2, reveal the importance of students’ technology acceptance and perceived instructional quality on respectively the quantity and quality of use and students’ learning outcomes. Additionally, findings of study 3 indicate that (1) students’ prior knowledge and task value can influence differences in use and that (2) students’ prior knowledge and differences in use positively influences students’ learning outcomes. As a result, research track 1 indicates that individual differences can influence the effectiveness of a 4C/ID-based online course. Nonetheless, former research indicates that the influence of individual differences can be reduced by aligning the learning environment with students’ learning needs. In order to align the online course with students’ learning needs, we should be able to detect learning process during online complex learning. Consequently, research track 2 explored in two studies whether physiological measures such as skin response measures (Study 4 and 5) and cardiovascular measures (Study 5) can be used to assess cognitive load during the online problem-solving process. Findings of study 4 reveal that changes in cognitive load can be detected by electrodermal activity when differences in cognitive load are high. Findings of study 5 appear to indicate that cognitive overload induces stress which was assessed via skin temperature and heart rate
Fazekas, Bácskai Márta. "La Prononciation française des élèves hongrois : problèmes d'apprentissage." Université Marc Bloch (Strasbourg) (1971-2008), 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003STR20046.
Full textThe present work is part of the framework of teaching/learning French in the Mihaly Horvath High-school in Szentes, Hungary. Methodology, the science of teaching, the difficulties of French pronunciation for the Hungarian-speaking students are the major themes of the present work. .
Laloë, Thomas. "Sur quelques problèmes d'apprentissage supervisé et non supervisé." Phd thesis, Université Montpellier II - Sciences et Techniques du Languedoc, 2009. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00455528.
Full textLaloë, Thomas. "Sur quelques problèmes d'apprentissage supervisé et non supervisé." Phd thesis, Montpellier 2, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009MON20145.
Full textThe goal of this thesis is to contribute to the domain of statistical learning, and includes the development of methods that can deal with functional data. In the first section, we develop a Nearest Neighbor approach for functional regression. In the second, we study the properties of a quantization method in infinitely-dimensional spaces. We then apply this approach to a behavioral study of schools of anchovies. The last section is dedicated to the problem of estimating level sets of the regression function in a multivariate context
Esterle, Michel. "Les particules verbales accentuées de l'allemand : problèmes d'analyse et d'apprentissage." Paris 3, 1999. http://www.theses.fr/1999PA030057.
Full textThis thesis highlights the interest and pertinence of linguistic description in solving teaching and learning problems with stressed phrasal verbs in contemporary german. In the first part of this study, we analyse the different issues raised by the nature, syntaxical state and functions of the particle component. We also emphasize the necessity of according greater importance to the semantic relationship between the base verb and its particle in the unit which they recreate. But the focus of this study is the hypothesis of a continuum of meaning which links non spatial meanings of a given particle with the spatial or basic meaning. The latter generally expresses movement with reference to a limit. For didactic purposes, the acknowledgment of the semantic unit + particle + verb ; is the requisite for all learning. Whereas the spatial particle system is easily understood there are a lot of abstract or lexicalised compositions whose meanings are not directly identifiable by the learner and can be perceived only from the context in which they occur or from the french word (inference). This leads us to formulate the hypothesis of a limit of teachability which cannot be extended by linguistic analysis. In this case the phrasal verb must be regarded as a single lexical unit to be learnt and not analysed. Consequently, it will be necessary to develop learning strategies which utilise all the cognitive capacities of the learner's mind and increase his ability to assimilate new phrasal verbs
Moïn, Mohammad Shahram. "Traitement en-ligne de documents manuscrits structurés, segmentation en mots par algorithmes d'apprentissage." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape4/PQDD_0018/NQ57382.pdf.
Full textFarhat, Ramzi. "Approche d'assistance aux auteurs pour la réutilisation d'objets d'apprentissage." Phd thesis, Institut National des Télécommunications, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00589601.
Full textMossina, Luca. "Applications d'apprentissage automatique à la résolution de problèmes récurrents en optimisation combinatoire." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse, ISAE, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020ESAE0043.
Full textThe interest is on those decision problems for which an optimal or quasi-optimal solution is sought, and for which it is necessary to solve successive instances (recurrent problems) that are variations of a common original problem.The structure of such problems is analysed to identify the characteristics that can be exploited and transferred from one resolution to another, to incrementally improve the quality of the optimization process. The research is characterized by the interaction between a process of statistical learning (from optimization data) and a process of optimization. The information extracted from past resolutions is generalized to the current problem and integrated into the optimization algorithm to make its execution more resource-efficient.In particular, this thesis presents three contributions.The first, introduces a method that generates a simpler sub-problem to an instance of a recurrent problem, using multi-label classification. A subset of decision variables is selected and set to a reference value. The solution to the remaining sub-problem, while not guaranteed to be optimal for the original problem, can be obtained faster.The second employs Supervised Learning, classification and regression, to predict an additional constraint to a reference recurrent problem modelled via Mathematical Programming. When a new instance is solved, the model predicts how much of the solution to the reference problem is still applicable, allowing for a more rapid resolution.In the third, the dynamic control of the parameters of Evolutionary Algorithms is framed as a Reinforcement Learning problem. The control policies obtained guarantee that the optimization algorithm reaches an optimal solution within the shortest, average time
Bouker, Mohamed Ali. "Les communautés d'apprentissage professionnelles en ligne : un moyen de développement professionnel d'acteurs en éducation." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/27437.
Full textIn this study, we examined the online professional learning community (PLC) approach used to support the professional development of education stakeholders. Specifically, we sought to identify the instigators and promoters of these online PLCs, the needs expressed regarding training, the means deployed for effective outcomes, and the issues interfering with professional growth within the PLC. We conducted semi-structured interviews with teachers, principals, education consultants, and facilitators who were members of online PLCs (N = 10) and onsite PLCs (N = 39) in two Canadian provinces, namely Québec and New Brunswick. Several questions were asked during the course of this research: Who is responsible for integrating information and communication technologies (ICTs) in the PLCs? What impact do ICTs have in the PLCs and how are they deployed? How is the collaborative process experienced between principals, education consultants, teachers and training instructors in an online PLC? What are the roles of these education stakeholders and how do online PLCs contribute to their professional development? What type of training do online PLC members need? And finally, which challenges and issues experienced by PLC members interfere with proper functioning and performance? Our conceptual framework was inspired by elements from four recognized theoretical models: Wenger’s social learning theory (2005), Huberman’s professional life cycle model for networking teachers (1995), Engeström’s human activity theory (1994), and Daele’s teacher professional development model in online communities (2004). Our results show that teachers and principals were most likely to instigate ICT implementation in PLCs. The development of ICT skills facilitated collaboration between the PLC members. Indeed, the latter expressed both their interest and need for ICT training to continue improving collaboration and communication within their community, and they concurred that integrating technologies would be beneficial to the PLC’s structure and performance. In addition to agreeing that developing computer skills would help their work as a PLC, our study’s respondents also emphasized a need for this training to further their professional development. Our results show that in online PLCs. time factors and having to adapt to new ICTs represented major issues hampering the advancement of these communities. Regarding their work within the PLC, our respondents stated various needs. On one hand were the professional aspects, namely, educational, pedagogical, and didactic needs, and on the other hand were needs relative to their participation in tasks within the PLC, such as keeping informed on certain subjects, being supervised, and benefiting from continuing education throughout their time in the PLC. Finally, our results reveal two significant issues hindering performance outcomes in these PLCs: financial concerns and the lack of available technologies in certain remote area schools.
Rozencwajg, Paulette. "Stratégies de résolution de problèmes scolaires et différences individuelles." Paris 5, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA05H004.
Full textThis thesis aims to account for the inter- and intra-individual variability of problem solving strategies of academic problems, using general cognitive dimensions. The theoretical and methodological framework is located in the intersection of cognitive psychology, differential psychology and didactics of discplines. Strategies of 42 secondary school students are observed in several situations of two domains of specific knowledge : respiration and electricity. The cognitive dimensions are : numerical, verbal and spatial factors, g factor, the field dependance independance, reflexivity-impulsivity and metacognition (two indicators created for the thesis). Establishing relations between strategies and the dimensions, we discovered what we call problem solving styles. In particular, this relation can be quantified by eta (correlation ratio) ranging between. 43 and. 79. Five problem solving styles emerge in the domain of electricity : analogical, propositional, misconceptual, algebraic and calculatory. Four problem solving styles emerge in the domain of respiration : formalizing, mathematical sophistication, holistic and calculatory. The concept of problem solving styles appears to us as a necessary concept that is intermediary between cognitive styles (very general modalities of functioning) on one hand, and problem solving strategies (specific to one type of problem) on the other hand. To conclude, we discuss, first the stability of problem solving styles above and beyond problems and domains of knowledge, and second the sensitivity of problem
Sauget, Marc. "Parallélisation de problèmes d'apprentissage par des réseaux neuronaux artificiels. Application en radiothérapie externe." Phd thesis, Université de Franche-Comté, 2007. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00260013.
Full textLa première partie a donc porté sur la mise au point de l'algorithme d'apprentissage des réseaux de neurones. Un des problèmes majeurs lors de la préparation de l'apprentissage concerne la détermination de la structure optimale permettant l'apprentissage le plus efficace possible. Pour construire un réseau proche de l'optimal, nous nous sommes basés sur une construction incrémentale du réseau. Ensuite, pour permettre une prise en charge des nombreux paramètres liés à notre domaine d'application, et du volume des données nécessaires à un apprentissage rigoureux, nous nous sommes attachés à paralléliser notre algorithme. Nous avons obtenu, à la fin de cette première phase de nos travaux, un algorithme d'apprentissage incrémental et parallèle pouvant être déployé de manière efficace sur une grappe de calcul non-fiable. Ce déploiement est possible grâce à l'ajout d'un mécanisme de tolérance aux pannes. La deuxième partie, quant à elle, a consisté en la mise au point d'algorithmes permettant l'évaluation des doses déposées lors d'une irradiation. Ces algorithmes utilisent les réseaux de neurones comme référence pour la valeur des doses ainsi que le principe de continuité de la dose en tout point du milieu. Ils ont été construits à partir d'une fine observation du comportement de la courbe de dépôt de dose à chaque changement de milieu.
En aboutissement, nous présentons des expérimentations montrant les performances de notre algorithme d'apprentissage, ainsi que de nos algorithmes d'évaluation de doses dans différentes configurations.
St-Amand, Pascale. "Attention, planification exécutive et problèmes d'apprentissage chez une population d'enfants nés très prématurés." Thesis, Université Laval, 2006. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2006/23736/23736.pdf.
Full textKnyazeva, Elena. "Apprendre par imitation : applications à quelques problèmes d'apprentissage structuré en traitement des langues." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018SACLS134/document.
Full textStructured learning has become ubiquitousin Natural Language Processing; a multitude ofapplications, such as personal assistants, machinetranslation and speech recognition, to name just afew, rely on such techniques. The structured learningproblems that must now be solved are becomingincreasingly more complex and require an increasingamount of information at different linguisticlevels (morphological, syntactic, etc.). It is thereforecrucial to find the best trade-off between the degreeof modelling detail and the exactitude of the inferencealgorithm. Imitation learning aims to perform approximatelearning and inference in order to better exploitricher dependency structures. In this thesis, we explorethe use of this specific learning setting, in particularusing the SEARN algorithm, both from a theoreticalperspective and in terms of the practical applicationsto Natural Language Processing tasks, especiallyto complex tasks such as machine translation.Concerning the theoretical aspects, we introduce aunified framework for different imitation learning algorithmfamilies, allowing us to review and simplifythe convergence properties of the algorithms. With regardsto the more practical application of our work, weuse imitation learning first to experiment with free ordersequence labelling and secondly to explore twostepdecoding strategies for machine translation
Moulet, Lucie. "Modélisation de l'apprenant avec une approche par compétences dans le cadre d'environnement d'apprentissage en ligne." Paris 6, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PA066636.
Full textN'dongo, Harouna. "Environnements personnels d'apprentissage : modélisation multi-agents d'un support de construction." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/32467.
Full textWith Web 2.0, the university community have developed new learning practices. Students adopt practices for integrating their social activities into their learning process. The needs of learners are rapidly changed and institutions do not still offer resources totally adapted to this context. Students expect to have access to a vast amount of information through formal or informal tools and to be part of a global peer community. The need to combine institutional and personal resources implies a new concept: Personal Learning Environment (PLE). A PLE is defined as a space for learners to customize the aggregation of heterogeneous resources for their learning needs. Developing such environments requires the involvement of complex skills that higher education students, though described as digital natives, do not necessarily possess. The objective of this research work is to allow students to have support for the construction of their PLE as a dashboard. It would provide an up - to - date view of resources use and further exploit the resulting linkages. The proposed solution is based on the Agent - Group - Role organizational model, one of design method for multi-agent systems. A prototype was also implemented and allowed to demonstrate the feasibility of the proposed solution.
Baujard, Corinne. "Motifs d'adoption, processus d'intégration et modes d'apprentissage E-learning : proposition d'un modèle stratégique." Paris 9, 2004. https://portail.bu.dauphine.fr/fileviewer/index.php?doc=2004PA090021.
Full textDuring the course of our research into the question, it became clear from all the interviews held that managers would very much like to have a coherent e-learning model, as the results achieved so far have been far from convincing, to judge by the feedback. Why are companies turning to e-learning? What knowledge and skills do they need in order to develop a process which is compatible with the company’s training practices and strategy? To answer these queries we must envisage the technological training tool not only in the context of a training method and process, but also as the fruit of knowledge gained as a result of feedback. An inductive approach, based on Grounded Theory, is being applied to feedback from past experience. There appear to be three main scenarios, which though different are complementary, depending on whether the company’s e-learning initiatives have been ambitious, cautious, or negotiated. Depending on the sector of activity concerned, whether the e-learning is coherent or otherwise depends as much on the strategic alignment between on the technological environment, the quality of the information system and the training practices
Jolivet, Frederic. "Approches "problèmes inverses" régularisées pour l'imagerie sans lentille et la microscopie holographique en ligne." Thesis, Lyon, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018LYSES012/document.
Full textIn Digital Imaging, the regularized inverse problems methods reconstruct particular information from measurements and an image formation model. With an inverse problem that is ill-posed and illconditioned, and with the used image formation mode! having few constraints, it is necessary to introduce a priori conditions in order to restrict ambiguity for the inversion. This allows us to guide the reconstruction towards a satisfying solution. The works of the following thesis delve into the development of reconstruction algorithms of digital holograms based on large-scale optimization methods (smooth and non-smooth). This general framework allowed us to propose different approaches adapted to the challenges found with this unconventional imaging technique: the super-resolution, reconstruction outside the sensor's field, the color holography and finally, the quantitative reconstruction of phase abjects (i.e. transparent). For this last case, the reconstruction problem consists of estimating the complex 2D transmittance of abjects having absorbed and/or dephased the light wave during the recording of the hologram. The proposed methods are validated with the help of numerical simulations that are then applied on experimental data taken from the lensless imaging or from the in-line holographie microscopy (coherent imaging in transmission, with a microscope abject glass). The applications range from the reconstruction of opaque resolution sights, to the reconstruction of biological objects (bacteria), passing through the reconstruction of evaporating ether droplets from a perspective of turbulence study in fluid mechanics
Balog-Crisan, Radu. "La modélisation d'objets pédagogiques pour une plateforme sémantique d'apprentissage." Thesis, Besançon, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011BESA1050.
Full textIn order to make Learning Objects (LO) accessible, reusable and adaptable, it is necessary to model them. Besides form and structure, one must also define the semantics associated with a given LO. Thus, we propose a modeling scheme for LOs that respects the LOM (Learning Object Metadata) standard and which uses a RDF-based (Resource Description Framework) data model. In order to encode, exchange and reuse such structured metadata for LOs, we have developed the RDF4LOM (RDF for LOM) application. By using Semantic Web tools, we are able to deliver a prototype of a semantic learning platform (SLCMS) that enhances internal resources, LOs modeled with RDF as well as external resources (semantic wikis, blogs or calendars). The architecture of this SLCMS is based upon a semantic Kernel whose role is to interpret metadata and create intelligent queries. We use ontologies, for the description of semantic constraints and reasoning rules concerning the LOs. By means of accurate and complete ontologies, the LOs will be machine-interpretable and also machine-understandable. For the semantic Quiz module, we have developed the Quiz and LMD ontologies. The semantic learning platform enables searching for appropriate LOs, generating personalized learning paths for learners and, as en evolution, adaptation to learning styles
Atine, Jean-Charles. "Méthodes d'apprentissage flou : application à la segmentation d'images biologiques." Toulouse, INSA, 2005. http://eprint.insa-toulouse.fr/archive/00000272/.
Full textThe presented works have for objective to help the biologists in the diagnosis of the cellular viability by using some methods of classification. Our work announces a strategy of classification allowing to building partition of images of cells coming from an optical microscope. We classify automatically the cells by operating the segmentation on images using the developed algorithm T-LAMDA. A statement concerning the existing classification methods, the color space and the resistance to noise, allows to finding the structure the most adapted to our study. The comparative analysis of various methods (of which LAMDA and T-LAMDA methods), allows us to put in evidence the most appropriate for the classification of cells subjected to the blue of methylene solution. We propose some supervised algorithms based on LAMDA to show if the way of treating the data influence the result. The T-LAMDA algorithm, based on the decision trees, shows itself the best adapted for our study and so gives more precise results than other methods, with a shorter time of execution. We suggest learning by using the CELCA application, Cell Classification Application, which uses the developed T-LAMDA algorithm. The software takes care of calculations of the kinetics, according to the images which respect to a well defined protocol. Time for treating 117 images is 6 '47'' minutes, what is widely below the time taken by biologists to count the cells
Al, Hajj Mohamad Rami. "Reconnaissance hors ligne de mots manuscrits cursifs par l'utilisation de systèmes hybrides et de techniques d'apprentissage automatique." Paris, ENST, 2007. http://www.theses.fr/2007ENST0020.
Full textThe automatic offline recognition of handwritten words improves human-machine interaction. It is already used in many business office applications dealing with the automatic processing of documents such as automatic post sorting, and the verification and recognition of bank check amounts. The off line recognition of cursive handwritten words remains an open problem due to difficulties such as :handwriting normalization, word segmentation into compound components and the modeling of these components. The main objective of this thesis, is to propose, design, and implement a system for the automatic offline recognition of Arabic handwritten words. The proposed approach is analytical without explicit segmentation of words into compound characters, and it is based on the stochastic HMM approach (Hidden Markov models). The method is composed of two stages : a recognition stage based on different features, and a combination stage of three HMM-based classifiers. Each individual HMM classifier uses a sliding window with a specific inclination. Different combining strategies are tested, among them the Sum rule, the Majority Vote rule and the Borda Count rule. The best combination strategy consists of using a neural network-based combining classifier. The combination of these classifiers can better cope with the writing inclination, the erroneous positions of diacritical marks and points, and the overlapping of consecutive characters in handwritten words. The reference system based on the proposed method has shown best performance at the competition organized at ICDAR 2005, where a set of state-of art systems were compared and tested on the IFN/ENIT benchmark database
Nayigizente, Ildefonse. "Le rôle du contexte dans la résolution des problèmes isomorphes." Paris 8, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994PA08A011.
Full textHuot, Annette. "Le style d'apprentissage : un outil de formation d'équipes de résolution de problèmes au niveau collégial." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq25808.pdf.
Full textSalim, Soufian Antoine. "Analyse discursive multi-modale des conversations écrites en ligne portées sur la résolution de problèmes." Thesis, Nantes, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017NANT4074/document.
Full textWe are interested in problem-solving online written conversations. These conversations may be found on online channels such as forums, mailing lists or chat rooms. In the literature, human interactions are usually modelled in terms of dialogue acts. Dialogue acts are typically used to represent the discursive functions of utterances in dialogue. We want to use dialogue acts for the analysis of online written conversations. Well-defined methods and models allowing for the fine-grained analysis of these conversations would represent a solid framework to support different user-assistance and dialogue analysis systems. This would represent an important stake for the customer support industry, but could also be used to improve collaborative assistance platforms that are accessed daily by millions of users. However, current conversations analysis techniques were not developed with written online conversations in mind. It is necessary to adapt existing resources for these conversations. This effort is related to the field of research in computer-mediated conversations (CMC). Our goal is to build a dialogue act model for problem-solving online written conversations, and to offer tools for the automatic recognition of these acts
Olszewska, Barbara. "Habitudes et résolution de problèmes en situation d'apprentissage : quelques éléments méthodologiques pour l'étude d'interactions "homme-machine"." Montpellier 3, 2001. http://www.theses.fr/2001MON30042.
Full textBenoit, Jean. "De la communauté d'apprentissage à la communauté de pratique en ligne, une réflexion prospective et la construction d'un modèle de design polyvalent pour des fins d'apprentissage ou de travail." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape8/PQDD_0011/MQ56728.pdf.
Full textPakdel, Ali. "De l'activité communicative à l'activité sociale d'apprentissage des langues en ligne : analyse de la dynamique sociale en contexte institutionnel." Phd thesis, Université de Provence - Aix-Marseille I, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00637137.
Full textChartier, Dominique. "Informatique et enseignement : problèmes de formation et d'apprentissage contribution à l'ingénierie des formations par production de savoirs." Tours, 1994. http://www.theses.fr/1994TOUR2034.
Full textIn the context of an increasing distribution of individual computer equipments, school keeps on integrating the implement according to polymorphic approaches that should not obliterate teaching conceptions which are sometimes divergent. The problems of training and skill-learning generated by information processing are here the subject of a study based on an observation of the conditions of "production of computer assisted skills" from the point of view of the learners (adults and young people) as well as the teachers (experts and novices) in professional teaching environment. Hence : - is it to be wished for possible to devise a training scheme based on "production of computer assisted skills" that would serve the way in which each one "pilots" his skill-learnings? - is it to be whished for possible to open up a way - amongst others - for a study and development of training schemes by production of skills for the teacher - users of information processing ? Research brought out the following prospects: * the production of skimms helps structuring the period of learning, amongst the teachers as well as amongst the learners. This requires from the subjects taking up the challenge of work to be produced electively by calling on personal knowledge. Computer can then regarded creation, conception. . . . Promoters of the answer to this challenge. * a study and development project of training by production of skills for the teachers in connection with information processing environment enables them consider the production of skills as an "artifact" fit for use to face the complexity of their profession
Zaid, Abdelkarim. "Problèmes didactiques d'une documentation et d'une assistance pédagogique en ligne pour des ingénieurs en formation en alternance." Phd thesis, École normale supérieure de Cachan - ENS Cachan, 2004. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00136834.
Full textChaabi, Youness. "Apport des Systèmes Multi-Agent et de la logique floue pour l'assistance au tuteur dans une communauté d'apprentissage en ligne." Thesis, Belfort-Montbéliard, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BELF0293/document.
Full textThe growing importance of online training has put emphasis on the role of remote tutoring. A whole new area of research, dedicated to environment for human learning (EHL), is emerging. We are concerned with this field. More specifically, we will focus on the monitoring of learners.The instrumentation and observation of learners activities by exploiting interaction traces in the EHL and the development of indicators can help tutors to monitor activities of learners and support them in their collaborative learning process. Indeed, in a learning situation, the teacher needs to observe the behavior of learners in order to build an idea about their involvement, preferences and learning styles so that he can adapt the proposed activities. As part of the automatic analysis of collaborative learner¿s activities, we describe a multi agent approach for supporting learning activities in a Virtual Learning Environment context. In order to assist teachers who monitor learning processes, viewed as a specific type of collaboration, the proposed system estimates a behavioral (sociological) profile for each student. This estimation is based on automatic analysis of students textual asynchronous conversations. The determined profiles are proposed to the teacher and may provide assistance toteacher during tutoring tasks. The system was experimented with students of the master "software quality" of the Ibn Tofail University. The results obtained show that the proposed approach is effective and gives satisfactory results
Tisserand, Arnaud. "Adéquation arithmétique architecture, problèmes et étude de cas." Phd thesis, Ecole normale supérieure de lyon - ENS LYON, 1997. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00445752.
Full textCartier, Sylvie. "Lire pour apprendre, description des stratégies utilisées par des étudiants en médecine dans un curriculum d'apprentissage par problèmes." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/nq26655.pdf.
Full textInghilterra, Xavier. "L’apprenance collective entre pairs à l’aune du modèle transmissif : Impact des dispositifs de partage social sur les communautés d’apprentissage en ligne." Thesis, Toulon, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOUL0002/document.
Full textThis research is interested in the effects led by the digital devices plans of social sharing on the pratices of collaboration, communication and mediation of students in context of distance learning. The goal is the understand the origin of the collaborative process of collective apprenance which is illustrated in the communities of apprenticeship outside the academic institution. A netnographic observation is conducted whith Bachelor and Master's degree in a private training center ; our corpus is made of 1405 messages taken in the forums of the institutional platform and on Facebook or Google +. We assume the information and communication sociotechnical devices participate in the horizontalisation of student's practices. We highlight the paradox of these learning communities which are, unwittingly, in a process of social domination by having choosing a priori a decentralized structure
Sirois, Olivier. "L'utilisation d'un environnement d'apprentissage virtuel pour soutenir le développement des compétences auditives des étudiants de niveau collégial." Master's thesis, Université Laval, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/67312.
Full textHo, Vinh Thanh. "Techniques avancées d'apprentissage automatique basées sur la programmation DC et DCA." Thesis, Université de Lorraine, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LORR0289/document.
Full textIn this dissertation, we develop some advanced machine learning techniques in the framework of online learning and reinforcement learning (RL). The backbones of our approaches are DC (Difference of Convex functions) programming and DCA (DC Algorithm), and their online version that are best known as powerful nonsmooth, nonconvex optimization tools. This dissertation is composed of two parts: the first part studies some online machine learning techniques and the second part concerns RL in both batch and online modes. The first part includes two chapters corresponding to online classification (Chapter 2) and prediction with expert advice (Chapter 3). These two chapters mention a unified DC approximation approach to different online learning algorithms where the observed objective functions are 0-1 loss functions. We thoroughly study how to develop efficient online DCA algorithms in terms of theoretical and computational aspects. The second part consists of four chapters (Chapters 4, 5, 6, 7). After a brief introduction of RL and its related works in Chapter 4, Chapter 5 aims to provide effective RL techniques in batch mode based on DC programming and DCA. In particular, we first consider four different DC optimization formulations for which corresponding attractive DCA-based algorithms are developed, then carefully address the key issues of DCA, and finally, show the computational efficiency of these algorithms through various experiments. Continuing this study, in Chapter 6 we develop DCA-based RL techniques in online mode and propose their alternating versions. As an application, we tackle the stochastic shortest path (SSP) problem in Chapter 7. Especially, a particular class of SSP problems can be reformulated in two directions as a cardinality minimization formulation and an RL formulation. Firstly, the cardinality formulation involves the zero-norm in objective and the binary variables. We propose a DCA-based algorithm by exploiting a DC approximation approach for the zero-norm and an exact penalty technique for the binary variables. Secondly, we make use of the aforementioned DCA-based batch RL algorithm. All proposed algorithms are tested on some artificial road networks
Herschkowitz, Didier. "Méthodes de la Physique Statistique et de la Théorie de l'Information pour des problèmes d'estimation de paramètres et d'apprentissage." Paris 6, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000PA066212.
Full textRoy, Didier. "Optimisation et personnalisation des parcours d'apprentissage à l'aide des technologies numériques." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris, CNAM, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015CNAM1017.
Full textSince the "Plan Informatique Pour Tous" in 1985, digital technologies occupy an increasingly importance in education: digital textbooks, dynamic geometry software, learning games, e-learning, blended learning, MOOC, flipped classrooms, educational robotics, etc.The aim of our work is to show that some of these technologies can contribute to improve learning, boosting learning contents, emphasizing student motivation by proposing devices suitable for distance learning and personalizing learning paths.The stakes of these issues are important. The need to motivate students and personalize learning is more and more crucial. These are major assets to reduce dropout and promote equal opportunities.Objectives of our work before 2011:- Gamify contents to make them more motivating.- Visualize concepts by using digital objects.- Virtualize learning objects in order to reduce physical constraints to work methods, to overcome handling difficulties and disability situations.- Provide tools for interactivity, visualization, computer algebra and geometry for computer environments learning (distance learning platforms, software).- Provide tools for monitoring user activity in order to better track their progress, to follow them with precision, to making them more autonomous.- Experiment with objects both digital and tangible such as robots, to assess their impact in learning.- Build new textbooks by accompanying them with digital devices.This work was continued in recent and more research-driven work.Objectives of our work from 2011:- Optimize and personalize learning by using artificial intelligence and machine learning algorithms.- Use tangible objects such as robots, that students can manipulate and program, to approach learning differently to provide concrete environment to build new concepts
Kalenga, Numbi Narcisse. "Méthodologie de recherche documentaire: un cours en ligne comme espace d'articulation Information - Formation et d'apprentissage à l'autonomie dans les universités du Sud." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210347.
Full textLemay, Richard. "Les méthodes pédagogiques utilisées pour construire un environnement d'apprentissage socioconstructiviste dans un cours en ligne en mode hybride : Une étude de cas." Thesis, Université Laval, 2010. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2010/27586/27586.pdf.
Full textAbaragh, Brahim. "La dynamique des interactions communicationnelles associées à la mise en place d'un dispositif d'apprentissage en ligne du français par des apprenants marocains." Thesis, Normandie, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020NORMLH01.
Full textThe thesis is interested in the study of interactional dynamics, and deals more specifically with the analysing of the digital trace of students interactions that attend a course online. The main purposeis to see to what extent the activities at work in the platform would mainlyfoster, or not, pooling and sharing knowledge amongpeers.Our researchis consistent with both the information sciences andcommunication and educational sciences. Moreover , itbringstogethertheoretical section in which wedefined the main concepts, especially those related to e-learning and an empiricalelement in which weimplemented an experimental hybrid teaching devise forcheck our research hypotheses.The objectives of this thesis are threefold and go back to: Firstly, to observe howthe "Learn French Online" platform, dedicated to the students of French studies of the university Ibn Zohr of Agadir, could fosteror not the learning. Secondly to explore how it facilitates mutualization and sharing knowledge among students. Thirdly to explore how the digital trace could help identify user profiles in a context learning.Soto understand the logic of appropriation of the device online by students, we shed light on ethno-technological approach, which studies the relationship between technologies, user practices and society.The results demonstrated that learning and knowledge capitalizationAre constructed in different ways according to the interactional exchanges of learners, and that comes on the basis of cognitive and conative variables. Consequently, our experiment was able to identify four profiles of learners: epistemic, pragmatic, intuitive and refractory
Barroca, Marco. "Approche didactique de l'enseignement de la biodiversité : enjeux épistémologiques et curriculaires, et conditions d'apprentissage des élèves." Thesis, Nantes, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018NANT2004/document.
Full textThe term 'BioDiversity" was proposed by Walter G. Rosen in 1985 during the preparation of the National Forum on Biodiversity
Bassagou, Dikagma. "EXOLINE : Dispositif instrumenté pour analyser les interactions en apprentissage collaboratif en ligne." Thesis, Lille 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019LIL1I074.
Full textThis study concerns a mechanism that could make it possible to analyse students' motivation and autonomy in the absence of human regulation in distance education. Indeed, in the literature, motivation and autonomy have an implication in the drop-out of learners in e-learning situations. To analyze these factors, some researchers use questionnaires on an ad hoc basis and others use digital traces produced by TEL (Technology Enhanced Learning). In most of these studies, the intervention of a tutor to regulate learning activity is important. The objective of this research is to identify students who can follow a teacher from a distance with the best chances of success. To do this, we have designed a system that combines the use of questionnaires and digital learning traces. This system contains a platform called "Exoline" that supports a pedagogical scenario that alternates individual work and collaborative activities in seven steps. Collaborative activities are regulated by a voting system (I like/dislike) of the platform and individual work corresponds to phases of editorial contribution by each learner member of a group. To collect data on collaboration and learning dynamics, we conducted an experiment with 794 students from Kara University with a participation rate of 40.55%. We then applied different statistical methods to the data (questionnaires and traces) from the experiment to identify and study the relationships between learning, motivation and autonomy. Our study highlighted, beyond the initial motivation, the role of the dynamics of maintaining motivation throughout the learning process. The level of progression (number of steps performed) by the learner in our Exoline device has proven to be an interesting indicator of learning performance. In other words, the study shows that most students who drop out do so at the beginning of the course. On a more contextual level, our study also shows how the socioeconomic environment influences the educational path of students, particularly in Togo
Vie, Jill-Jênn. "Modèles de tests adaptatifs pour le diagnostic de connaissances dans un cadre d'apprentissage à grande échelle." Thesis, Université Paris-Saclay (ComUE), 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016SACLC090/document.
Full textThis thesis studies adaptive tests within learning environments. It falls within educational data mining and learning analytics, where student educational data is processed so as to optimize their learning.Computerized assessments allow us to store and analyze student data easily, in order to provide better tests for future learners. In this thesis, we focus on computerized adaptive testing. Such adaptive tests which can ask a question to the learner, analyze their answer on the fly, and choose the next question to ask accordingly. This process reduces the number of questions to ask to a learner while keeping an accurate measurement of their level. Adaptive tests are today massively used in practice, for example in the GMAT and GRE standardized tests, that are administered to hundreds of thousands of students. Traditionally, models used for adaptive assessment have been mostly summative : they measure or rank effectively examinees, but do not provide any other feedback. Recent advances have focused on formative assessments, that provide more useful feedback for both the learner and the teacher ; hence, they are more useful for improving student learning.In this thesis, we have reviewed adaptive testing models from various research communities. We have compared them qualitatively and quantitatively. Thus, we have proposed an experimental protocol that we have implemented in order to compare the most popular adaptive testing models, on real data. This led us to provide a hybrid model for adaptive cognitive diagnosis, better than existing models for formative assessment on all tried datasets. Finally, we have developed a strategy for asking several questions at the beginning of a test in order to measure the learner more accurately. This system can be applied to the automatic generation of worksheets, for example on a massive online open course (MOOC)
Aljerbi, Asad Nahla. "Analyse des échanges en ligne dans un groupe de pratique du français sur Facebook." Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAL004/document.
Full textThis study focuses on French as a Foreign Language (FFL) and Computer Assisted Language Learning (CALL). It investigates the natural exchanges of Libyan learners practicing French in a Facebook group. The situation that we are exploring is informal because the group was created by the participants themselves without any intervention neither from teachers nor from ourselves. Computer-mediated communication (CMC) has already been well studied in formal contexts but very little in informal contexts, which is why we think a descriptive study aimed at gaining an understanding of particular experience is suitable. Our data is on-line exchanges corpora covering five months with 947 posts and 3408 comments, as well as 11 interviews conducted with some of the participants in the observed group. The research is based on an ecological analysis to study exchanges in a wider environment where several factors interact (linguistic, social, cultural, political factors). In order to examine what happens in this informal space dedicated to the practice of French, we first provideda broad description of learners’ discursive practices in order to get a general sense of their activities. The languages used, the functions of the language used by the messages, the way in which the messages and comments respond (or do not respond) to each other and finally the semio-linguistic characteristics of the exchanges were examined. We then explored how these practices contribute to the establishment of social ties, whether a virtual community emerges and what kind of community it is. Finally, we looked at the value that participants attach to their exchanges and experience as members of this group
Sakout, Andaloussi Kenza, and Andaloussi Kenza Sakout. "Amélioration de l'expérience d'apprentissage dans un système hypermédia adaptatif éducatif grâce aux données extraites et inférées à partir des réseaux sociaux." Doctoral thesis, Université Laval, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11794/37918.
Full textAvec l'émergence des formations en ligne accessibles pour tous, la personnalisation de l'apprentissage devient de plus en plus cruciale et présente de nouveaux défis aux chercheurs du domaine. Il est actuellement nécessaire de tenir compte de l'hétérogénéité du public cible et lui présenter des contenus éducatifs adaptés à ses besoins et sa façon d'apprendre afin de lui permettre de profiter au maximum de ces formations et éviter le décrochage. Ce travail de recherche s'inscrit dans le cadre des travaux sur la personnalisation de l'apprentissage à travers les systèmes hypermédias adaptatifs utilisés en éducation (SHAE). Ces systèmes ont la vocation de personnaliser le processus d'apprentissage selon des critères bien spécifiques, tels que les pré-requis ou plus souvent les styles d'apprentissage, en générant un chemin d'apprentissage adéquat. Les SHAE se basent généralement sur trois modèles principaux à savoir le modèle apprenant, le modèle du domaine et le modèle d'adaptation. Bien que la personnalisation du processus d'apprentissage offerte par les SHAE actuels soit avantageuse pour les apprenants, elle présente encore certaines limites. D'un côté, juste le fait de personnaliser l'apprentissage augmente les chances que le contenu présenté à l'apprenant lui soit utile et sera ainsi mieux compris. Mais d'un autre côté, la personnalisation dans les SHAE existants se contente des critères niveau de connaissances et style d'apprentissage, et elle s'applique seulement à certains aspects qui n'ont pas évolué depuis leur création, à savoir le contenu, la présentation et la navigation. Ceci remet en question la pertinence des objets d'apprentissage attribués aux apprenants et la motivation de ces derniers à faire usage des SHAE sachant que ceux-ci se basent essentiellement sur les questionnaires pour la constitution de leur modèle apprenant. Suite à une étude empirique d'une cinquantaine de SHAE existants, révélant leurs atouts et limites, certains objectifs de recherche ont été identifiés afin d'améliorer l'expérience d'apprentissage à travers ces systèmes. Ces objectifs visent à établir un modèle de SHAE capable de (i) déterminer les données du modèle apprenant de façon implicite à partir des réseaux sociaux tout en répondant aux standards associés à ce modèle afin de construire le modèle apprenant; (ii) favoriser la collaboration entre les différents apprenants qui seraient mieux motivés à apprendre en collaborant; (iii) personnaliser, de façon automatique, de nouveaux aspects à savoir l'approche pédagogique, la collaboration et le feedback selon les traits de personnalité de l'apprenant en plus des trois volets existants. Un modèle de SHAE a été proposé pour répondre à ces objectifs. Ce modèle permet d’extraire les données personnelles de l'utilisateur à partir de ses réseaux sociaux et de prédire ses traits de personnalité selon son interaction avec ces réseaux. Par la suite, il est possible d'adapter les objets d'apprentissage, sur la base d'un système de recommandation, à ces traits de personnalité en plus du style d'apprentissage et du niveau de connaissances des apprenants. L'adaptation aux traits de personnalité de l'apprenant selon le modèle Big Five a permis de personnaliser de nouveaux aspects tels l'approche pédagogique, le type de collaboration et le feedback. Un prototype, "ColadaptLearn", conçu à partir de ce modèle et expérimenté avec un ensemble d'étudiants a permis de valider les choix du prototype pour les objets d'apprentissage, selon les règles préétablies, en les confrontant aux choix faits par les étudiants. Ces données ont été utilisées pour développer un réseau bayésien permettant de prédire les objets d'apprentissage adéquats aux futurs apprenants. Les résultats de l’expérimentation ont montré qu'il y a une bonne concordance entre les choix du prototype et ceux des apprenants, en plus d'une satisfaction de ces derniers par rapport aux feedbacks reçus, ce qui appuie le rajout des nouveaux aspects proposés. Comme suite à cette thèse, il est envisageable d'appliquer le modèle proposé dans des environnements d'apprentissage plus larges de types cours en ligne ouverts et massifs, jeu sérieux ou même des formations mobiles, ce qui contribuerait à mieux valider les propos amenés. Il est aussi possible d’utiliser des techniques d'apprentissage automatique autres que les réseaux bayésiens pour la prédiction des objets d'apprentissage adaptés. Finalement, il serait intéressant d'explorer d'autres sources de données qui pourraient fournir plus d'informations sur l'apprenant de façon implicite tels ses centres d'intérêt ou ses émotions auxquels un SHAE pourrait s'adapter.
With the growth of online learning accessible to all, learning personalization is becoming increasingly crucial and presents new challenges for researchers. It is currently essential to take into account the heterogeneity of the target audience and adapt educational content to their needs and learning style in such a way that they are able to fully benefit from these learning forms and prevent them from dropping out. This research work addresses learning personalization through adaptive educational hypermedia systems (AEHS). These systems are designed to customize the learning process according to specific criteria, such as prerequisites or, more often, learning styles, by generating a suitable learning path. AEHS are generally based on three main models: the learning model, the domain model and the adaptation model. Although the learning process customization offered by current AEHS is beneficial to learners, it still has some limitations. On one hand, just the fact of personalizing learning increases the likelihood that the content presented to the learner will be useful and thus better understood. But on the other hand, customization in existing AEHS is limited to the criteria knowledge level and learning style and applies only to certain aspects which have not evolved since their creation, namely content, presentation and navigation. This questions the relevance of the learning objects assigned to learners and their motivation to use such AEHS, knowing that they rely essentially on questionnaires to build their learner model. After conducting an empirical study of 50 existing AEHS, revealing their strengths and limitations, some research objectives were identified to improve the learning experience through such systems. These objectives aim to establish an AEHS model which is able to (i) implicitly identify the learning model data on the basis of social networks while meeting the associated standards; (ii) promote collaboration between different learners who would be better motivated to learn while collaborating; (iii) automatically customize new aspects such as the teaching approach, collaboration and feedback according to learners' personality traits in addition to the three existing ones. An AEHS model has been proposed to meet these objectives. This model makes it possible to extract the user's personal data from his social networks and to predict his personality traits depending on his interaction with these networks. Thereafter, it is possible to adapt the learning objects, on the basis of a recommendation system, to these personality traits in addition to the criteria learning style and knowledge level. Adapting to the learner's personality traits according to the Big Five model enabled the customization of new aspects such as the pedagogical approach, the collaboration type and the feedback. A prototype, "ColadaptLearn", based on this model and experimented with a group of students, validated the prototype's choices for learning objects while confronting them to the students' choices. These data were then used to build a Bayesian network to predict the appropriate learning objects for future learners. The experimental results showed that there is a good match between the prototype choices and those of learners, in addition to learners' satisfaction regarding the feedback received, which supports the addition of the proposed new aspects. As a follow-up to this thesis, it is possible to apply the proposed model in a larger learning environment such as massive open online courses (MOOC), serious games or mobile learning, which would help to validate the proposals made. It is also possible to use other automatic learning techniques than Bayesian networks to predict suitable learning objects. Finally, it would be interesting to explore other data sources that could implicitly provide more information about the learner, such as his or her interests or emotions that an SHAE could adapt to.
With the growth of online learning accessible to all, learning personalization is becoming increasingly crucial and presents new challenges for researchers. It is currently essential to take into account the heterogeneity of the target audience and adapt educational content to their needs and learning style in such a way that they are able to fully benefit from these learning forms and prevent them from dropping out. This research work addresses learning personalization through adaptive educational hypermedia systems (AEHS). These systems are designed to customize the learning process according to specific criteria, such as prerequisites or, more often, learning styles, by generating a suitable learning path. AEHS are generally based on three main models: the learning model, the domain model and the adaptation model. Although the learning process customization offered by current AEHS is beneficial to learners, it still has some limitations. On one hand, just the fact of personalizing learning increases the likelihood that the content presented to the learner will be useful and thus better understood. But on the other hand, customization in existing AEHS is limited to the criteria knowledge level and learning style and applies only to certain aspects which have not evolved since their creation, namely content, presentation and navigation. This questions the relevance of the learning objects assigned to learners and their motivation to use such AEHS, knowing that they rely essentially on questionnaires to build their learner model. After conducting an empirical study of 50 existing AEHS, revealing their strengths and limitations, some research objectives were identified to improve the learning experience through such systems. These objectives aim to establish an AEHS model which is able to (i) implicitly identify the learning model data on the basis of social networks while meeting the associated standards; (ii) promote collaboration between different learners who would be better motivated to learn while collaborating; (iii) automatically customize new aspects such as the teaching approach, collaboration and feedback according to learners' personality traits in addition to the three existing ones. An AEHS model has been proposed to meet these objectives. This model makes it possible to extract the user's personal data from his social networks and to predict his personality traits depending on his interaction with these networks. Thereafter, it is possible to adapt the learning objects, on the basis of a recommendation system, to these personality traits in addition to the criteria learning style and knowledge level. Adapting to the learner's personality traits according to the Big Five model enabled the customization of new aspects such as the pedagogical approach, the collaboration type and the feedback. A prototype, "ColadaptLearn", based on this model and experimented with a group of students, validated the prototype's choices for learning objects while confronting them to the students' choices. These data were then used to build a Bayesian network to predict the appropriate learning objects for future learners. The experimental results showed that there is a good match between the prototype choices and those of learners, in addition to learners' satisfaction regarding the feedback received, which supports the addition of the proposed new aspects. As a follow-up to this thesis, it is possible to apply the proposed model in a larger learning environment such as massive open online courses (MOOC), serious games or mobile learning, which would help to validate the proposals made. It is also possible to use other automatic learning techniques than Bayesian networks to predict suitable learning objects. Finally, it would be interesting to explore other data sources that could implicitly provide more information about the learner, such as his or her interests or emotions that an SHAE could adapt to.
Hachicha, Marouane. "Modélisation de hiérarchies complexes dans les entrepôts de données XML et traitement des problèmes d'additivité dans l'analyse en ligne XOLAP." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012LYO22016/document.
Full textSince its inception in 1998, the eXtensible Markup Language (XML) has emerged as a standard for data representation and exchange over the Internet. XML provides an opportunity for modeling data structures that are not easily represented in relational systems. In this context, XML data warehouses nowadays form the basis of several decision-support applications exploiting heterogeneous data (little structured and coming from various sources) bearing complex structures, such as complex hierarchies. In this thesis, we propose a novel XOLAP (XML-OLAP) approach that automatically detects and processes summarizability issues at query time, without requiring any particular expertise from the user. Thus, at the logical level, we choose XML data trees, so-called multidimensional data trees, to model the multidimensional structures (facts, dimensions, measures and complex hierarchies) of XML data warehouses. In order to query multidimensional data trees, we model user queries as XML pattern trees. Then, we introduce a new aggregation algorithm to address summarizability issues in complex hierarchies. On the basis of this algorithm, we propose a novel XOLAP roll-up operator. Finally, we experimentally validate our proposal and compare our approach with the reference approach for addressing summarizability issues in complex hierarchies. For this sake, we extend the XML warehouse benchmark XWeB with complex hierarchies to generate XML data warehouses with scalable complex hierarchies. The results of our experiments show that the overhead induced by managing hierarchy complexity at run-time is totally acceptable and that our approach is expected to scale up well
Belmega, Elena Veronica. "Problèmes d'allocation de ressources dans les réseaux MIMO sans fil distribués." Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00556223.
Full textMoulin, Sandrine. "Smac : un outil d'acquisition de connaissances pour des problèmes de conception." Toulouse, ENSAE, 1990. http://www.theses.fr/1990ESAE0001.
Full textLeblanc, Adeline. "Environnement de collaboration et mémoire organisationnelle de formation dans un contexte d'apprentissage." Compiègne, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009COMP1816.
Full textThe MEMORAe approach aim is to see in how it is possible to put into practice organizational learning in a learning organization. To that end, i focus on two dimensions: facilitate organization of resources and knowledge and competences within the organization and favour the collaborative work (resources sharing, knowledge and competences transfer, communication and coordination in a community). Within the context of my thesis, I chose to : a) model a learning organizational memory in order to organize and capitalize resources, knowledge and competences of the organization, b) structure this memory thanks to domain and application ontologies, c) model several memory in order to favour collaboration within a community, d) use Web2. 0 technologies to facilitate exchange and coordination. In order to validate our modelling, I develop a web platform : E-MEMORAe2. 0
Horman, Judith. "Une exploration de l'interaction sociale en ligne lors de la réalisation d'activités d'apprentissage collaboratif dans deux espaces interactifs : un site internet et des wikis." Thesis, Université Laval, 2005. http://www.theses.ulaval.ca/2005/22468/22468.pdf.
Full textThis qualitative research study explores online social interaction in the context of an undergraduate university course. Eight students were interviewed. Their testimonies were analysed from five criticals incidents : the difficulty to get peers’ collaboration ; the difficulty to understand expectations associated with the tasks to be performed ; the difficulty to co-construct a text while using a wiki (an Internet technology) ; the obligation to give a feedback on peers’ productions and the textual form of this feedback. The results are compared to a review of the literature according to three perspectives of online social interaction associated with collaborative learning tasks : 1) studies on obstacles to participation ; 2) studies on limits associated with computer mediated communication (CMC) ; studies on virtual teams performances. This study highlights the presence of relational stakes of reciprocity and trust among peers that could be increased by CMC. From the limits of the present study we suggest a few questions for futures investigations.