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1
Murphy, Gregory C., and James A. Athanasou. "School to Work Transition: Behavioural Counselling Approaches to the Problem of Finding Jobs for Unemployed Adolescents." Behaviour Change 4, no. 3 (September 1987): 41–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0813483900008391.
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Institutional responses to high rates of youth unemployment in Western industrialized nations have been marked by costly labour market programs, career education services and systems of skill formation. The success of these responses has not been easy to demonstrate, and such programs ignore the fact that in imperfect labour markets the essential activity that does seem to be strongly related to successful job acquisition for any individual is that of structured job finding. Job-finding clubs (which use behavioural techniques to develop high levels of skill in obtaining jobs) have been demonstrated, both in the United States and in Australia, to be capable of significantly increasing the rates of employment among participating club members. The effectiveness and utility of this behavioural approach is outlined.
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Watling, David, Samantha Batchelor, Brian Collyer, Sharna Mathieu, Victoria Ross, Susan H. Spence, and Kairi Kõlves. "Help-Seeking from a National Youth Helpline in Australia: An Analysis of Kids Helpline Contacts." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 11 (June 3, 2021): 6024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18116024.
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Counselling helplines or hotlines are key support services for young people with mental health concerns or in suicide and self-harm crises. We aimed to describe young peoples’ use of a national youth helpline (Kids Helpline, Australia, KHL) to understand how usage changed over time. A descriptive analysis was conducted on 1,415,228 answered contacts between 2012–2018. We described the trend of service usage over the observed period, the types of youth who used the service, and the problems young people contacted the service about. Phone (APC = −9.1, KHL: −10.4 to −7.8, p < 0.001) and email (APC = −13.7, 95%CI: −17.1 to −10.2, p < 0.001) contacts decreased over time whereas webchat contacts increased (APC = 16.7, 95%CI: 11.7 to 22.0, p < 0.001). With this increase in webchat contacts, there was an associated increase in total webchat contact duration. Concerns raised in contacts to the service were primarily related to emotional wellbeing and mental health concerns (53.2% phone, 57.3% webchat, 58.2% email) followed by social relationship issues (20.4% phone, 20.3% webchat, 16.8% email) and family relationships (19.4% phone, 17.2% webchat, 21.8% email). The increased preference for online text-based information and counselling services can help inform development of services for young people and allocation of staff/service training and resources.
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Blagg, Harry, Tamara Tulich, and Zoe Bush. "Indefinite Detention Meets Colonial Dispossession." Social & Legal Studies 26, no. 3 (May 24, 2017): 333–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0964663916676650.
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Foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD) is a non-diagnostic umbrella term encompassing a spectrum of disorders caused by prenatal alcohol exposure. This article reports on a qualitative research project undertaken in three Indigenous communities in the West Kimberley region of Western Australia, intended to develop diversionary pathways for Indigenous young people with FASD at risk of enmeshment in the justice system. Rates of FASD in some parts of the West Kimberley are comparable to the highest identified internationally. A diagnosis of FASD amplifies the chances of Indigenous youth being caught up in the justice system in Western Australia, including indefinite detention in prison if found unfit to stand trial. A fresh diversionary paradigm is required. Employing a postcolonial perspective, we explore issues surrounding law and justice intervention – and non-intervention – in the lives of Indigenous children and their families. The FASD problem cannot be uncoupled from the history of colonial settlement and the multiple traumas resulting from dispossession, nor can solving the problem be isolated from the broader task of decolonizing relationships between Indigenous people and the settler mainstream. The decolonizing process involves expanding the role of Indigenous owned and place-based processes and services embedded in Indigenous knowledge.
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Hegarty, Kelsey, Rhian Parker, Danielle Newton, Laura Forrest, Janelle Seymour, and Lena Sanci. "Feasibility and acceptability of nurse-led youth clinics in Australian general practice." Australian Journal of Primary Health 19, no. 2 (2013): 159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py12025.
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Internationally, youth access to primary health care is problematic due to documented barriers such as cost, concerns about confidentiality, and knowledge about when to attend and available services. The treatment of health problems earlier in life together with engagement in prevention and health education can optimise youth health and maximise the potential of future wellbeing. This study investigated the feasibility, acceptability and cost of establishing nurse-led youth clinics in Victoria, Australia. Three general practices in rural and regional areas of Victoria implemented the nurse-led youth health clinics. The clinics were poorly attended by young people. Practice nurses identified several barriers to the clinic attendance including the short timeframe of the study, set times of the clinics and a lack of support for the clinics by some GPs and external youth health clinics, resulting in few referrals. The clinics cost from $5912 to $8557 to establish, which included training the practice nurses. Benefits of the clinics included increased staff knowledge about youth health issues and improved relationships within the general practice staff teams. The implementation of youth health clinics is not feasible in a short timeframe and to maximise use of the clinics, all members of the general practice team need to find the clinics acceptable.
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Clifford, Sarah, James A. Smith, and Benjamin Christie. "“You See the Very Sharp Edge of the Problems of Prejudice in Town”: Youth Service Providers’ Perceptions of a Regional Community Facebook Group." Social Media + Society 6, no. 1 (January 2020): 205630512090470. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2056305120904708.
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The prolific growth of social media in recent years has provided new forums which allow engagement in local town discussions; particularly via community Facebook groups. This study seeks to understand the role of community Facebook groups in a regional town in the Northern Territory (NT) of Australia; particularly how they are used to portray youth, and their relevance to a grassroots youth justice reinvestment process. This research arose due to direct concern from a community working group. Seventeen semi-structured interviews, with 18 participants, were conducted with service providers in Katherine, NT. The data was then inductively thematically analyzed, resulting in six themes: staying informed in a regional context; vilifying youth and combating this; racism; impact on youth; tensions in positioning youth: right versus left; and adopting a strengths-based approach to youth. Community Facebook groups were noted as an important factor for staying informed in a remote context. As a key medium within the town, Facebook groups should be considered a source of community discussion and an appropriate avenue to influence community opinion. The racialization of community discussions about “problem youth” indicates a segregation issue in the town, which has been noted for many years. Community education and the promotion of the youth justice work currently being implemented in the town were considered key in changing mindsets and ultimately behaviors. Importantly, research and community development programs alike should consider the community Facebook group as a medium for positive social action.
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Bickel, Rosie, and Alistair Campbell. "Mental Health of Adolescents in Custody: The Use of the ‘Adolescent Psychopathology Scale’ in a Tasmanian Context." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 36, no. 5 (October 2002): 603–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1614.2002.01073.x.
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Objective: To investigate the incidence of mental health problems based on the DSM-IV [ 1 ] among adolescents in custody in Tasmania, using the Adolescent Psychopathology Scale (APS) [ 2 ]. Methods: The APS was administered to 50 adolescents admitted consecutively to a youth detention centre in Tasmania, Australia, using a structured interview format. Results: In this sample 46% scored positively for a mood disorder, 36% for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and 32% for an anxiety disorder excluding PTSD. Conclusions: Tasmania is no exception to the rule that adolescents in custody have a high proportion of mental health problems. This study confirmed findings of previous studies that detained adolescents had a roughly equivalent level of mental health problems as young people referred to mental health services and five times more than adolescents in the community. Therefore, all detained adolescents should be assessed for mental health problems as their risk is equivalent to that of young people referred to mental health services in the community. Youth detention centres are able to provide significant opportunities for individual therapy and group programmes for young people with mental health problems. However, to achieve a realization of this potential, detention facilities need to develop philosophies and procedures, which facilitate the development of therapeutic, as opposed to ‘punishing’, environments.
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Kinchin, Irina, Komla Tsey, Marion Heyeres, and Yvonne Cadet-James. "Systematic review of youth mental health service integration research." Australian Journal of Primary Health 22, no. 4 (2016): 304. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py15114.
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Quality mental health care is based on the integration of care across organisations and disciplines. The aims of this study were, first, to assess the extent, characteristics and reported outcomes of publications concerned with youth mental health service integration in Australia and internationally; and second, to investigate the study design quality of evaluative interventions and determine whether the studies report on the cost-effectiveness of the integration in order to inform the reform of youth mental health services by Queensland Health. A systematic search of the peer-reviewed literature and a narrative synthesis were undertaken of English language publications from 21 electronic databases. Inclusion criteria were: published 1998–2014 (inclusive); peer-reviewed research; focused on mental health services integration; reported data for youth aged 12–25 years. The methodological quality of evaluative interventions was assessed using the Quality Assessment Tool for Quantitative Studies developed by the Effective Public Health Practice Project (EPHPP). Twenty-five studies met the inclusion criteria: one (4%) was classified as a measurement research, 13 (52%) as descriptive, and 11 (44%) as interventions including five (45%) evaluative interventions. Four out of the five evaluative interventions reported positive effects of youth mental health service integration. Particular problems included ambiguity of definitions, absence of economic or cost analyses and insufficient consumer involvement. The methodological quality of the interventions was variable with, on average, a moderate level of selection bias and study design. Despite a slight increase in the number of studies in the last couple of years, there are important gaps in the evidence base for youth mental health service integration processes. The relatively small number of evaluative studies and lack of economic evaluations point to the need for additional research in this important area.
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Leech, Teghan, Diana S. Dorstyn, and Wenjing Li. "eMental health service use among Australian youth: a cross-sectional survey framed by Andersen's model." Australian Health Review 44, no. 6 (2020): 891. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah19095.
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ObjectiveYoung adults aged 18–24 years often delay or avoid seeking help for their mental health concerns. eMental health, the use of the Internet to deliver mental health information, services and care, offers a low-cost, easy-access option. However the factors that influence online help-seeking among this cohort remain unclear. MethodsAndersen’s healthcare utilisation model was adapted to examine correlates of eMental health use among Australian youth. In all, 161 young adults completed an online survey comprising sociodemographic questions, online feature preferences, the Actual and General Help-seeking Questionnaires, Berkman–Syme Social Network Index, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Service Obstacles Scale and Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scales. ResultsAlmost 70% of young people reported having previously accessed some form of online support for their personal or emotional problems. This included informal information via social media and formalised counselling services. Notably, perception of service satisfaction was low. Hierarchical logistical regression identified two significant predisposing factors to subsequent online help-seeking: prior face-to-face service use and living or cohabitating with others. ConclusionseMental health is accessed by young people in Australia, yet more needs to be done to better integrate this service model into the healthcare system. This includes training and education for consumers and professionals about existing, effective programs. What is known about this topic?eMental health platforms can bridge the gap between technology and conventional mental health care. Despite its rapidly expanding evidence base, the implementation of eMental health into the Australian healthcare system remains slow. More work needs to be done to elucidate the factors underlying preferences for online help-seeking. What does this paper add?Young adult perspectives on the delivery of mental health information, services and care via the Internet are examined in accordance with a major conceptual model, namely Andersen’s behavioural model of health services use. The majority of those surveyed reported having accessed some form of online support for an emotional issue, although dissatisfaction with the quality of this support was expressed. Andersen’s model can guide future research in this area and potentially help target eMental health initiatives to individual service users’ needs. What are the implications for practitioners?eMental health interventions offer an alternative for young adults who have difficulty accessing traditional mental health care services, but are also an adjunct to those experiencing mild to moderate symptoms of mental illness. Practitioners can introduce young adults to eMental health by discussing the benefits and limitations and by providing information about available and secure online programs delivered by trusted service providers.
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Whiteford, Harvey A., Carla Meurk, Georgia Carstensen, Wayne Hall, Peter Hill, and Brian W. Head. "How Did Youth Mental Health Make It Onto Australia’s 2011 Federal Policy Agenda?" SAGE Open 6, no. 4 (October 2016): 215824401668085. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2158244016680855.
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The 2011 Australian federal budget included a large investment in youth mental health and early intervention services. In this article, we focus on the critical role of agenda setting in the preceding 4 years to examine how and why these services were given such a high priority at this time. We undertook a systematic review of relevant literature, including parliamentary Hansard transcripts from the House of Representatives and Senate, the final reports of all available parliamentary committees, government policy documents, other pertinent documents held by the Commonwealth Department of Health and Aging, and media reports from five widely circulated Australian publications/news outlets. We used Kingdon’s multiple streams framework to structure analysis. We highlight three factors that were influential in getting youth mental health issues onto the policy agenda: (a) the strategic use of quantitative evidence to create a publicly visible “problem,” (b) the marshalling of the “public” to create pressure on government, and (c) the role of serendipity. Overall, we found the decision to prioritize youth mental health resulted from a combination of advocacy for a well-articulated policy solution by high-profile, influential policy entrepreneurs, and political pressure caused by an up swell of national support for mental health reform. Our findings highlight the socio-political factors that influence agenda setting and health policy formulation. They raise important ethical and strategic issues in utilizing research evidence to change policy.
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Ainsworth, Frank, and Patricia Hansen. "Family Foster Care: Can it Survive the Evidence?" Children Australia 39, no. 2 (May 21, 2014): 87–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cha.2014.5.
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The media coverage of foster care in Australia is replete with adoration for foster carers who look after disadvantaged and difficult children and youth. As this article is being written, New South Wales is holding a ‘foster care week’ with enhanced media coverage and praise for foster carers, the recruitment of new foster carers and acclaim for the ‘foster carer of the year’. Yet, there is another side to foster care that offers less than ideal circumstances for children in care. There is the worrying issue of multiple placements, the problem with children and young people running away from foster care before they reach the legal age for discharge, and evidence of increased incidence of poor educational attainment and involvement in juvenile offending for young people in foster care. In addition, there are cases of foster children being abused by foster carers. As adults, former foster-care children and youth are over-represented among the homeless, in adult correction centres, the unemployed and the users of mental health services. This article documents these negative outcomes of entering the foster-care system, and asks whether family (or non-relative) foster care can survive this evidence. For too many children and young people, family foster care may not provide better outcomes than less-than-optimal parental care from which the children were removed. An alternative is to reduce the use of family foster care and increase intensive support and parenting education services for birth parents who have limited parenting capacity. The aim should be to limit the number of children being taken into care.
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Phillipson, Lyn, Sandra C. Jones, and Elizabeth Wiese. "Effective Communication Only Part of the Strategy Needed to Promote Help-Seeking of Young People with Mental Health Problems." Social Marketing Quarterly 15, no. 2 (May 22, 2009): 50–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/15245000902878860.
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Formative research was undertaken in the Illawarra region of New South Wales (south of Sydney, Australia) to identify local communication strategies to influence the help-seeking behavior of young people in relation to a new youth-focused general practice (or physician) led mental health service. Research with the target market (12–25years) revealed the need for a local campaign to address the stigma associated with the use of mental health services and the need to emphasize the central role of the general practitioner or physician to the service. The results also indicated that any overarching campaign should be complemented by segment-specific strategies which tailor not only communication variables and channels to reach different market segments, but also consider varying aspects of the product or service to reach a broad cross-section of the target group.
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Baines, Margaret, and Christine Alder. "Are Girls More Difficult to Work With? Youth Workers' Perspectives in Juvenile Justice and Related Areas." Crime & Delinquency 42, no. 3 (July 1996): 467–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0011128796042003008.
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This research explored the frequently heard, but virtually unexamined, comment in juvenile justice practice that “girls are more difficult to work with.” The qualitative methodology entailed interviews with youth workers in juvenile justice and related programs in Victoria, Australia. Virtually all interviewees concurred with the judgment. Explanations were in terms of perceived differences in the complexity of the problems involved and in the behavior of young men and women. The relatively small number of young women affected both the extent of workers' experiences with and the range of services available to young women. The degree to which workers' assessments reflected gendered assumptions, or actual differences in behavior, could not be determined by this research. Nevertheless, the extent and intensity of this understanding revealed in this research indicates the need for further research so that its potential ramifications can be identified and addressed in juvenile justice policy developments.
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Hamilton, Craig, Kate Filia, Sian Lloyd, Sophie Prober, and Eilidh Duncan. "‘More than just numbers on a page?’ A qualitative exploration of the use of data collection and feedback in youth mental health services." PLOS ONE 17, no. 7 (July 20, 2022): e0271023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0271023.
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Objectives This study aimed to explore current data collection and feedback practice, in the form of monitoring and evaluation, among youth mental health (YMH) services and healthcare commissioners; and to identify barriers and enablers to this practice. Design Qualitative semi-structured interviews were conducted via Zoom videoconferencing software. Data collection and analysis were informed by the Theoretical Domains Framework (TDF). Data were deductively coded to the 14 domains of the TDF and inductively coded to generate belief statements. Setting Healthcare commissioning organisations and YMH services in Australia. Participants Twenty staff from healthcare commissioning organisations and twenty staff from YMH services. Results The umbrella behaviour ‘monitoring and evaluation’ (ME) can be sub-divided into 10 specific sub-behaviours (e.g. planning and preparing, providing technical assistance, reviewing and interpreting data) performed by healthcare commissioners and YMH services. One hundred belief statements relating to individual, social, or environmental barriers and enablers were generated. Both participant groups articulated a desire to improve the use of ME for quality improvement and had particular interest in understanding the experiences of young people and families. Identified enablers included services and commissioners working in partnership, data literacy (including the ability to set appropriate performance indicators), relational skills, and provision of meaningful feedback. Barriers included data that did not adequately depict service performance, problems with data processes and tools, and the significant burden that data collection places on YMH services with the limited resources they have to do it. Conclusions Importantly, this study illustrated that the use of ME could be improved. YMH services, healthcare commissioners should collaborate on ME plans and meaningfully involve young people and families where possible. Targets, performance indicators, and outcome measures should explicitly link to YMH service quality improvement; and ME plans should include qualitative data. Streamlined data collection processes will reduce unnecessary burden, and YMH services should have the capability to interrogate their own data and generate reports. Healthcare commissioners should also ensure that they provide meaningful feedback to their commissioned services, and local and national organisations collecting youth mental health data should facilitate the sharing of this data. The results of the study should be used to design theory-informed strategies to improve ME use.
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Hamilton, Sharynne L., Tracy Reibel, Rochelle Watkins, Raewyn C. Mutch, Natalie R. Kippin, Jacinta Freeman, Hayley M. Passmore, Bernadette Safe, Melissa O’Donnell, and Carol Bower. "‘He Has Problems; He Is Not the Problem . . .’ A Qualitative Study of Non-Custodial Staff Providing Services for Young Offenders Assessed for Foetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in an Australian Youth Detention Centre." Youth Justice 19, no. 2 (August 2019): 137–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473225419869839.
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Little is known about the challenges non-custodial youth detention centre staff face supporting young people with foetal alcohol spectrum disorder (FASD). We undertook qualitative inquiry to identify and describe the perspectives of non-custodial staff detention staff regarding the value of an FASD prevalence study. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and focus groups and analysed using thematic network analysis. Staff held few concerns about the prevalence study and its impact on participating young people; however, they identified barriers related to study processes, and practices and culture within their workplace, which hindered gaining maximum benefit from the research and its findings.
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Freebairn, Louise, Jo-An Occhipinti, Yun Ju C. Song, Adam Skinner, Kenny Lawson, Grace Yeeun Lee, Samuel J. Hockey, Samantha Huntley, and Ian B. Hickie. "Participatory Methods for Systems Modeling of Youth Mental Health: Implementation Protocol." JMIR Research Protocols 11, no. 2 (February 7, 2022): e32988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/32988.
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Background Despite significant investment, mental health issues remain a leading cause of death among young people globally. Sophisticated decision analysis methods are needed to better understand the dynamic and multisector drivers of youth mental health. System modeling can help explore complex issues such as youth mental health and inform strategies to effectively respond to local needs and achieve lasting improvements. The advantages of engaging stakeholders in model development processes have long been recognized; however, the methods for doing so are often not well-described. Objective This paper aims to describe the participatory procedures that will be used to support systems modeling for national multisite implementation. The Right Care, First Time, Where You Live research program will focus on regional youth mental health applications of systems modeling in 8 different sites across Australia. Methods The participatory model development approach involves an iterative process of engaging with a range of participants, including people with lived experience of mental health issues. Their knowledge of the local systems, pathways, and drivers is combined with the academic literature and data to populate the models and validate their structure. The process centers around 3 workshops where participants interact and actively engage in group model-building activities to define, refine, and validate the systems models. This paper provides a detailed blueprint for the implementation of this process for mental health applications. Results The participatory modeling methods described in this paper will be implemented at 2 sites per year from 2022 to 2025. The 8 selected sites have been chosen to capture variations in important factors, including determinants of mental health issues and access to services. Site engagement commenced in August 2021, and the first modeling workshops are scheduled to commence in February 2022. Conclusions Mental health system decision makers require tools to help navigate complex environments and leverage interdisciplinary problem-solving. Systems modeling can mobilize data from diverse sources to explore a range of scenarios, including the impact of interventions in different combinations and contexts. Involving stakeholders in the model development process ensures that the model findings are context-relevant and fit-for-purpose to inform decision-making. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) PRR1-10.2196/32988
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Mahfouda, Simone, Christina Panos, Andrew J. O. Whitehouse, Cati S. Thomas, Murray Maybery, Penelope Strauss, Florian D. Zepf, et al. "Mental Health Correlates of Autism Spectrum Disorder in Gender Diverse Young People: Evidence from a Specialised Child and Adolescent Gender Clinic in Australia." Journal of Clinical Medicine 8, no. 10 (September 20, 2019): 1503. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jcm8101503.
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Research suggests an overrepresentation of autism spectrum diagnoses (ASD) or autistic traits in gender diverse samples, particularly in children and adolescents. Using data from the GENTLE (GENder identiTy Longitudinal Experience) Cohort at the Gender Diversity Service at the Perth Children’s Hospital, the primary objective of the current retrospective chart review was to explore psychopathology and quality of life in gender diverse children with co-occurring ASD relative to gender diverse children and adolescents without ASD. The Social Responsiveness Scale (Second Edition) generates a Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) score indicating a likely clinical ASD diagnosis, which was used to partition participants into two groups (indicated ASD, n = 19) (no ASD indicated, n = 60). Indicated ASD was far higher than would be expected compared to general population estimates. Indicated ASD on the Social Responsiveness Scale 2 (SRS 2) was also a significant predictor of Internalising behaviours (Anxious/Depressed, Withdrawn/Depressed, Somatic Complaints, Thought Problems subscales) on the Youth Self Report. Indicated ASD was also a significant predictor of scores on all subscales of the Paediatric Quality of Life Inventory. The current findings indicate that gender diverse children and adolescents with indicated ASD comprise an especially vulnerable group that are at marked risk of mental health difficulties, particularly internalising disorders, and poor quality of life outcomes. Services working with gender diverse young people should screen for ASD, and also provide pathways to appropriate care for the commonly associated mental health difficulties.
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O'Dea, Bridianne, Catherine King, Mirjana Subotic-Kerry, Kathleen O'Moore, and Helen Christensen. "School Counselors’ Perspectives of a Web-Based Stepped Care Mental Health Service for Schools: Cross-Sectional Online Survey." JMIR Mental Health 4, no. 4 (November 20, 2017): e55. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/mental.8369.
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Background Mental health problems are common among youth in high school, and school counselors play a key role in the provision of school-based mental health care. However, school counselors occupy a multispecialist position that makes it difficult for them to provide care to all of those who are in need in a timely manner. A Web-based mental health service that offers screening, psychological therapy, and monitoring may help counselors manage time and provide additional oversight to students. However, for such a model to be implemented successfully, school counselors’ attitudes toward Web-based resources and services need to be measured. Objective This study aimed to examine the acceptability of a proposed Web-based mental health service, the feasibility of providing this type of service in the school context, and the barriers and facilitators to implementation as perceived by school counselors in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Methods This study utilized an online cross-sectional survey to measure school counselors’ perspectives. Results A total of 145 school counselors completed the survey. Overall, 82.1% (119/145) thought that the proposed service would be helpful to students. One-third reported that they would recommend the proposed model, with the remaining reporting potential concerns. Years of experience was the only background factor associated with a higher level of comfort with the proposed service (P=.048). Personal beliefs, knowledge and awareness, Internet accessibility, privacy, and confidentiality were found to influence, both positively and negatively, the likelihood of school counselors implementing a Web-based school mental health service. Conclusions The findings of this study confirmed that greater support and resources are needed to facilitate what is already a challenging and emotionally demanding role for school counselors. Although the school counselors in this study were open to the proposed service model, successful implementation will require that the issues outlined are carefully addressed.
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Thompson, Emma J., Miriam H. Beauchamp, Simone J. Darling, Stephen J. C. Hearps, Amy Brown, George Charalambous, Louise Crossley, et al. "Protocol for a prospective, school-based standardisation study of a digital social skills assessment tool for children: The Paediatric Evaluation of Emotions, Relationships, and Socialisation (PEERS) study." BMJ Open 8, no. 2 (February 2018): e016633. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2017-016633.
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BackgroundHumans are by nature a social species, with much of human experience spent in social interaction. Unsurprisingly, social functioning is crucial to well-being and quality of life across the lifespan. While early intervention for social problems appears promising, our ability to identify the specific impairments underlying their social problems (eg, social communication) is restricted by a dearth of accurate, ecologically valid and comprehensive child-direct assessment tools. Current tools are largely limited to parent and teacher ratings scales, which may identify social dysfunction, but not its underlying cause, or adult-based experimental tools, which lack age-appropriate norms. The present study describes the development and standardisation of Paediatric Evaluation of Emotions, Relationships, and Socialisation(PEERS®), an iPad-based social skills assessment tool.MethodsThe PEERS project is a cross-sectional study involving two groups: (1) a normative group, recruited from early childhood, primary and secondary schools across metropolitan and regional Victoria, Australia; and (2) a clinical group, ascertained from outpatient services at The Royal Children’s Hospital Melbourne (RCH). The project aims to establish normative data for PEERS®, a novel and comprehensive app-delivered child-direct measure of social skills for children and youth. The project involves recruiting and assessing 1000 children aged 4.0–17.11 years. Assessments consist of an intellectual screen, PEERS® subtests, and PEERS-Q, a self-report questionnaire of social skills. Parents and teachers also complete questionnaires relating to participants’ social skills. Main analyses will comprise regression-based continuous norming, factor analysis and psychometric analysis of PEERS® and PEERS-Q.Ethics and disseminationEthics approval has been obtained through the RCH Human Research Ethics Committee (34046), the Victorian Government Department of Education and Early Childhood Development (002318), and Catholic Education Melbourne (2166). Findings will be disseminated through international conferences and peer-reviewed journals. Following standardisation of PEERS®, the tool will be made commercially available.
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Hayes, Claire, Victoria J. Palmer, Magenta Simmons, Bridget Hamilton, Christine Simons, and Malcolm Hopwood. "Protocol for a prospective, longitudinal mixed-methods case study: supporting a Model of Care for Healthier Adolescents (The MoCHA study)." BMJ Open 9, no. 2 (February 2019): e025098. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-025098.
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IntroductionImproving mental healthcare for adolescents is a global policy priority. Despite demands for community-based services, many adolescents require more intensive interventions, such as an inpatient admission. This is typically at a point of crisis, often accompanied by intense emotional dysregulation, impairment of coping function and impulsivity. However, limited evidence exists on how best to support this group while they are in inpatient care, aside from pharmacological treatments which have a limited role in adolescents. Little is known about the models of care (MoC) offered in inpatient units, whether adolescents perceive these as helpful and the perspectives of caregivers and clinicians. Here, we describe a protocol which aims to explore and evaluate an inpatient MoC.Methods and analysisWe designed a longitudinal, mixed-methods, case study. The population consists of adolescents, caregivers and clinicians at a single inpatient unit in Melbourne, Australia. Standardised outcome measures, including semi- structured interviews, will be administered to adolescents at three time-points, T1 (admission), T2 (discharge) and T3 (6 months post discharge). Caregivers will also be interviewed at T1, T2 and T3. Clinicians will be interviewed once. The measures include: Life Problems Inventory, Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology, Kessler Psychological Distress Scale and the Youth Self-Report. Health of the Nation Outcome Scales for Children and Adolescents will be collected at T1 and T2. Quantitative analysis will include descriptive statistics and paired t-tests summarising adolescents admitted to the unit, clinical characteristics and longitudinal data on symptomatology. Qualitative data will be analysed using both thematic and trajectory analysis. Data collection began in May 2017 and will cease with T3 interviews by October 2018.Ethics and dissemination
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Stoyanov, Stoyan R., Oksana Zelenko, Aleksandra Staneva, David J. Kavanagh, Calvin Smith, Gavin Sade, Jessica Cheers, and Leanne Hides. "Development of the Niggle App for Supporting Young People on Their Dynamic Journey to Well-being: Co-design and Qualitative Research Study." JMIR mHealth and uHealth 9, no. 4 (April 20, 2021): e21085. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/21085.
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Background Adolescence is a life stage characterized by intense development and increased vulnerability. Yet, young people rarely seek help for mental health, often due to stigma and embarrassment. Alarmingly, even those who do seek help may not be able to receive it. Interventions focused on well-being offer a protective factor against adversity. Highly effective, innovative, theoretically sound, accessible, and engaging mobile health (mHealth) interventions that can be used to look beyond mental ill-health and toward mental well-being are urgently needed. Objective We aimed to explore how young Australians conceptualize and construct recovery journeys from feeling unwell to being well in order to inform the conceptual design of a youth-led information-, resource-, and support-focused mHealth intervention. Methods A sample of young people, grouped by age (12-15 years, 16-19 years, and 20-25 years), took part in 3 in-person participatory design workshops (per group). Young people’s understanding and representation of well-being, feeling unwell, and the recovery journey were investigated using visual and linguistic data collection methods: photo elicitation and journey mapping. A social constructionist perspective was used for thematic analysis to produce a conceptual model of the recovery journey. A mobile app was co-designed and all app functions were mapped through iterative development and testing by young people and a team of psychology, research, design and information technology experts. Results Young people (n=25) described a 6-stage journey with specific barriers and coping strategies. The findings, when situated within the personal recovery framework in mental health, emphasize the cyclic and iterative model of change. Through co-design, the new app—Niggle—was conceptualized as a visual representation of an amorphous problem, which can be addressed through app functions corresponding to the most helpful strategies that young people used to progress through the stages of their recovery journey. Conclusions Niggle is available to offer support to young people for a range of problems and provides a hot link to counseling services in Australia. This paper elaborates on the process of in-depth qualitative data collection through visual, linguistic, and co-design methods. The findings of this study give insight into young people’s understanding of well-being and recovery. This paper could aid the development of high-quality personalized mHealth interventions and support resources.
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Marianowicz-Szczygiel, Agnieszka. "Rise of gender identity disorders among children and adolescents- data from 10 countries." Kwartalnik Naukowy Fides et Ratio 49, no. 1 (March 23, 2022): 122–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.34766/fetr.v49i1.1060.
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There is growing number of publications pointing to the global trend of a significant increase in people who identify differently to their biological sex. Children and adolescents are a particularly sensitive group here, as their identity is still under development. These trends are also reaching Poland. Parents and state services involved in the upbringing and education may be surprised and unprepared. There is small number of analyzes of these trends, especially in the context of the already available knowledge about gender identity disorders and further practical recommendations. The first part of the article presents epidemiological data illustrating the occurrence of gender identity disorders in the population. The methodological challenge was to define a reliable criterion illustrating the strength and scope of the observed changes in epidemiology among children and adolescents and at the same time enabling international comparisons of data from autonomous and world-wide clinics as the problem is the data availability at all. The article presents data on the explosion of gender identity disorders in children and adolescents based on the criterion of number of referrals to youth clinics from 8 countries: Sweden - an increase of 19,700%, Italy - 7,200%, Great Britain - 2,457%, the Netherlands - 904% and outside Europe: Australia - 12,650%, Canada - 538%, USA - 275%, and New Zealand - 187% (the article gives the exact time range). This data were also subjected to qualitative analysis (gender and age of reports, number of referrals versus diagnoses). The explanations given in the scientific literature were also collected and analyzed in relation to the available knowledge about the genesis of gender dysphoria, which, according to research, is predominantly of environmental origin. Both the scale of the trend and additional qualitative analyzes (change of the clinical picture and the inflow to clinics, especially of teenage girls), indicate that this trend cannot be explained only by an increase in social awareness, but also by the inducing influence of media and culture (additional studies that support these conclusions are mentioned). The article provides an overview of the available knowledge in the field of the epidemiology of gender identity disorders, especially in children and adolescents, and helps to define practical steps, especially in the neglected area of prevention, which is crucial from the point of view of parents.
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Stephenson, Jo. "Youth offending services." Children and Young People Now 2022, no. 6 (June 2, 2022): 38–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/cypn.2022.6.38.
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Hugo, Anne, and Hobart Tasmania. "National Clearinghouse for Youth Studies." Australian Journal of Career Development 6, no. 3 (October 1997): 5–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/103841629700600303.
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Given the plethora of organisations, agencies, peak bodies, publications, newsletters and services that focus on youth, the task of finding particular information on youth in Australia can be daunting and time consuming. The National Clearinghouse for Youth Studies (NCYS) is a non-profit project that has a brief to collect, publish and disseminate information relating to youth in Australia. It is a major publisher in the youth field in Australia, with clients and a readership including professionals working in the youth field, such as educators, practitioners, researchers, youth workers, program planners, policy makers and, increasingly, students. Its growing publications list is complemented by a large on-line resource containing information about the youth field gathered from a variety of sources and presented on the World Wide Web. This case study describes the origins of the NCYS, the development of its services, the range and scope of its print publications, and a description of its on-line information service.
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Mwanri, Lillian, and William Mude. "Alcohol, Other Drugs Use and Mental Health among African Migrant Youths in South Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 4 (February 5, 2021): 1534. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18041534.
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This paper was part of a large study that explored suicide among African youths in South Australia. The paper reports perspectives about alcohol and other drugs (AOD) use and mental health among African migrant and refugee youths in South Australia. The study employed a qualitative inquiry, conducting 23 individual interviews and one focus group discussion with eight participants. An acculturative stress model informed data analysis, interpretation and the discussion of the findings that form the current paper. African migrant and refugee youths revealed challenging stressors, including related to cultural, socioeconomic, living conditions, and pre- and post-migration factors that contributed to mental health problems and the use of AOD in their new country. The traumatic loss of family members and social disruption experienced in their countries of origin were expressed as part of factors leading to migration to Australia. While in Australia, African migrant and refugee youths experienced substantial stressors related to inadequate socioeconomic and cultural support, discrimination, poverty, and unemployment. Participants believed that differences in cultural perspectives about AOD use that existed in Africa and Australia also shaped the experiences of social stressors. Additionally, participants believed that these cultural differences and the identified stressors determined AOD use and mental health problems. The findings highlight the need to understand these social and cultural contexts to improve mental health services and help reduce the use of AOD, which, when problematic, can influence the health and integration experiences of these populations.
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Burns, Jane M., Emma Birrell, Marie Bismark, Jane Pirkis, Tracey A. Davenport, Ian B. Hickie, Melissa K. Weinberg, and Louise A. Ellis. "The role of technology in Australian youth mental health reform." Australian Health Review 40, no. 5 (2016): 584. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah15115.
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This paper describes the extent and nature of Internet use by young people, with specific reference to psychological distress and help-seeking behaviour. It draws on data from an Australian cross-sectional study of 1400 young people aged 16 to 25 years. Nearly all of these young people used the Internet, both as a source of trusted information and as a means of connecting with their peers and discussing problems. A new model of e-mental health care is introduced that is directly informed by these findings. The model creates a system of mental health service delivery spanning the spectrum from general health and wellbeing (including mental health) promotion and prevention to recovery. It is designed to promote health and wellbeing and to complement face-to-face services to enhance clinical care. The model has the potential to improve reach and access to quality mental health care for young people, so that they can receive the right care, at the right time, in the right way. What is known about the topic? One in four young Australians experience mental health disorders, and these often emerge in adolescence and young adulthood. Young people are also prominent users of technology and the Internet. Effective mental health reform must recognise the opportunities that technology affords and leverage this medium to provide services to improve outcomes for young people. What does this paper add? Information regarding the nature of young people’s Internet use is deficient. This paper presents the findings of a national survey of 1400 young Australians to support the case for the role of technology in Australian mental health reform. What are the implications for practitioners? The Internet provides a way to engage young people and provide access to mental health services and resources to reduce traditional barriers to help-seeking and care. eMental health reform can be improved by greater attention toward the role of technology and its benefits for mental health outcomes.
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Sanders, Matthew R. "Commentary: Empirically Validated Treatments and Child Clinical Interventions." Behaviour Change 14, no. 1 (March 1997): 15–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0813483900003673.
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This commentary argues that empirically validated treatments for child and youth behaviour and emotional difficulties are available, but they are relatively inaccessible to the vast majority of Australian children and their families. Although effective interventions have been developed, few children receive these services. There are many children who have identifiable problems or who are at increased risk for psychosocial problems whose needs have not been adequately addressed by either the research or the professional community. These include children in rural and remote areas, Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children, children of migrants, and children with chronic physical illnesses. A comprehensive, preventively focused clinical science of prevention is needed to improve the reach and impact of psychological services for children.
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Nelson, Barnaby, G. Paul Amminger, Hok Pan Yuen, Melissa Kerr, Jessica Spark, Nicky Wallis, Cameron Carter, et al. "M21. THE STEP TRIAL: A SEQUENTIAL MULTIPLE ASSIGNMENT RANDOMISED TRIAL (SMART) OF INTERVENTIONS FOR PATIENTS AT ULTRA-HIGH RISK OF PSYCHOSIS - STUDY RATIONALE, DESIGN AND BASELINE DATA." Schizophrenia Bulletin 46, Supplement_1 (April 2020): S141. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/schbul/sbaa030.333.
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Abstract Background Although approximately twenty randomised controlled trials have now been conducted with young people identified as being at high clinical risk of psychotic disorder, it remains unclear what the optimal type and sequence of treatments are for this clinical population. There has also been increased focus on clinical outcomes other than transition to psychotic disorder, such as psychosocial functioning, persistent attenuated psychotic symptoms and non-psychotic disorders. At Orygen, we are currently conducting a trial of a sequence of interventions consisting of two psychosocial therapies (support and problem solving [SPS] and cognitive-behavioural case management [CBCM]) and antidepressant medication. The primary outcome of the study is functional outcome after 6 months. This presentation will outline the background, rationale, design, recruitment and retention data and preliminary baseline results. Methods STEP is a sequential multiple assignment randomised trial (SMART) of treatments for young people (12–25 year olds) who meet ultra high risk for psychosis (UHR) criteria. Participants were recruited from primary (headspace) and secondary/tertiary (Orygen Youth Health) mental health services in Melbourne, Australia. The trial consists of three steps: Step 1: SPS (1.5 months); Step 2: SPS vs Cognitive Behavioural Case Management (4.5 months); Step 3: Cognitive Behavioural Case Management + Antidepressant Medication vs Cognitive Behavioural Case Management + Placebo (6 months). Patients who do not respond by the end of each step graduate to the next step in treatment. Responders are randomised to SPS or monitoring. Treatment response is based a combination of reduced attenuated psychotic symptoms, rated using the Comprehensive Assessment of At-Risk Mental States (CAARMS), and functional improvement (Social and Occupational Functioning Assessment Scale [SOFAS]) at the end of the treatment step. A ‘fast fail’ option is built into Step 3, whereby patients who deteriorate or have not responded 3 months into Step 3 are offered a choice of continuing existing treatment or commencing omega-3 fatty acids or low-dose antipsychotic medication. The intervention is for 12 months, with follow up at 18 and 24 months. A pilot study using the same design is currently being conducted at The University of California Davis. Results Recruitment has recently completed, with 342 patients recruited over a 2.4 year period, representing the largest UHR treatment study conducted to date. Preliminary results indicate an 8% response rate to Step 1 and a 23% response rate to Step 2. Discontinuation rates are 15% (step 1), 43% (step 2), 32% (step 3), primarily due to participants being lost to follow up or not wanting to start medication. The current transition to psychosis rate is 10.2%. Baseline clinical data are currently being analysed and will be presented at the conference. Discussion Preliminary results indicate high non-response rates following SPS and moderate non-response rates following extended SPS or CBCM, possibly partly due to the stringent definition of response, which required substantial and persistent improvement in both attenuated psychotic symptoms and functioning. Discontinuation rates are low to moderate, reflecting the complexity and severity of this clinical population. The recruitment and retention data show that it is possible to conduct large-scale and complex stepped care trials with this high risk population in a primary mental health care setting (headspace services). Outcomes will inform the most effective type and sequence of treatments for improving psychosocial functioning, symptoms and reducing risk of developing psychotic disorder in this group, as well as identify predictors of treatment response.
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Loughhead, Mark, Sophie Guy, Gareth Furber, and Leonie Segal. "Consumer views on youth-friendly mental health services in South Australia." Advances in Mental Health 16, no. 1 (August 17, 2017): 33–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/18387357.2017.1360748.
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Crowe, Kate. "Secure Welfare Services: Risk, Security and Rights of Vulnerable Young People in Victoria, Australia." Youth Justice 16, no. 3 (July 31, 2016): 263–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1473225416639396.
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The Victorian Children Youth and Families Act 2005 authorises the detention of children aged 10–17 years in Secure Welfare Services (SWS) if there is a substantial and immediate risk of harm. Children are generally on protection orders and administratively detained by the Department of Human Services. In 2014, the Children, Youth and Families Amendment (Security Measures) Bill 2013 was passed uncontested in parliament. It codifies existing SWS practices including searches, seizure of property, use of force and seclusion. The Security Measures Bill and associated government discourse construct children as risk and security as a necessary precursor to meeting their welfare needs. These conceptualisations problematise the safeguarding of children’s rights.
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Chandradasa, Miyuru, and K. A. L. A. Kuruppuarachchi. "Child and youth mental health in post-war Sri Lanka." BJPsych. International 14, no. 2 (May 2017): 36–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/s2056474000001756.
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Sri Lanka's civil war and the tsunami in 2004 had enormous psychological impacts on the country's children. Tackling these issues has been difficult due to the lack of specialists in child and adolescent psychiatry. The end of the war in 2009 opened new avenues for the development of mental health services for children and youth in Sri Lanka. The year 2016 was historic in that the first board-certified child and adolescent psychiatrists assumed services in the country, after training in Australia.
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Poon, Abner Weng Cheong, Carol Harvey, Suzanne Fuzzard, and Brendan O'Hanlon. "Implementing a family‐inclusive practice model in youth mental health services in Australia." Early Intervention in Psychiatry 13, no. 3 (October 20, 2017): 461–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eip.12505.
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Sullivan, Corrinne T., Duy Tran, William Trewlynn, Kim Spurway, John Leha, Linda Briskman, and Karen Soldatic. "‘We Want to Help but We Don’t Know What to Do’: Service Providers Working with Indigenous LGBTIQ+ Youth in Australia." Sexes 3, no. 2 (June 7, 2022): 308–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/sexes3020024.
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Access to adequate and appropriate service provision has a direct positive impact on health and wellbeing. Experiences of inaccessible, discriminatory, and culturally unsafe services and/or service providers are considered a root cause for the health inequalities that exist among Indigenous queer youth. Experiences of discrimination and cultural inappropriateness are commonplace, with Indigenous queer youth noting issues related to access to services and treatment, stereotyping, and a lack of quality in the care provided, which discourage Indigenous people from accessing care. This paper examines the perspectives of Indigenous LGBTIQ+ youth and health service providers to identify what challenges, obstacles and opportunities are currently being faced and what could be implemented to improve the health and wellbeing outcomes for Indigenous LGBTIQ+ youth in the future.
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Booth, Sue. "Eating rough: food sources and acquisition practices of homeless young people in Adelaide, South Australia." Public Health Nutrition 9, no. 2 (April 2006): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/phn2005848.
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AbstractObjectiveThe aim of this study was to determine the food sources and acquisition practices used by homeless youth in Adelaide. This work is part of a larger study that aimed to examine the extent and nature of food insecurity among homeless youth.DesignCross-sectional design involving quantitative and qualitative methods.SettingFour health and welfare inner-city agencies serving homeless youth in Adelaide, South Australia.SubjectsA sample of 150 homeless youth aged between 15 and 24 years recruited from these agencies. Fifteen were selected via snowball sampling for interview.ResultsUse of welfare food sources was high (63%). Food from welfare agencies was supplemented by unorthodox food acquisition methods such as theft (65%), begging for money for food (61%), begging for food items (44%) and asking for help from friends and relatives (34%). Reasons given for non-usage of welfare food services included affordability, access, being too busy, shame or embarrassment.ConclusionsFood insecurity is a salient issue for some homeless youth in Adelaide. Clarifying food acquisition practices of food-insecure homeless youth is essential for rational planning and improvement of food-related services to meet their needs. Such an understanding also underpins the development of broader public policy responses that improve individual and household skills and resources to acquire food and ensure food security. Nutrition professionals, welfare professionals and policy-makers need to work sensitively with welfare food agencies and others to improve food access and food security for homeless youth.
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Northam, Jaimie Chloe, and Lynne Magor-Blatch. "Developing a standard for youth modified therapeutic communities." Therapeutic Communities: The International Journal of Therapeutic Communities 37, no. 3 (September 12, 2016): 140–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/tc-01-2016-0004.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to explore the applicability of the Australasian Therapeutic Communities Association (ATCA) Standard to Australian youth-specific modified therapeutic communities (MTCs). An Interpretive Guide for Youth MTCs and Residential Rehabilitation (RR) Services was developed and a pilot trial conducted with three Australian youth MTC services. Design/methodology/approach Using a mixed-methods design, this study included three components: a consultation process with residential youth MTCs (N=15), which informed the development of the ATCA Standard Interpretive Guide for Youth MTCs and RR Services; a pilot trial of the materials with three Australian youth MTCs (N=53); and an evaluation of the interpretive guide and assessment of applicability of the ATCA standard to youth MTCs through pre- (N=32) and post- (N=19) pilot trial administrations of the Survey of Essential Elements Questionnaires (SEEQ), and post-pilot trial focus groups (N=21). Findings Results indicate that the ATCA Standard is applicable to youth MTC settings when applied with the Interpretive Guide, although no significant differences were found between the pre- and post-pilot trial administrations of the SEEQ. Practical implications Future research is recommended to explore active mechanisms of youth-specific MTCs, differences between adults and youth MTCs, and the development of TC-specific training. Originality/value To date, no standard for youth residential substance use services in Australia has been developed, and this is the first study of its kind internationally to explore the efficacy of standards in a youth MTC.
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Sidhu, Ravinder, and Sandra Taylor. "Educational provision for refugee youth in Australia: left to chance?" Journal of Sociology 43, no. 3 (September 2007): 283–300. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1440783307080107.
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This article investigates how education bureaucracies in Australia use languages of categorization and promote community partnerships to construct and govern the refugee subject. We use a framework of governmentality to analyse education policies and statements emerging from two levels of government — Commonwealth and state. Drawing on web-based materials, policy statements and accounts of parliamentary debates, the article documents the ways in which refugee education continues to be subsumed within broader education policies and programmes concerned with social justice, multiculturalism and English language provision. Such categorizations are premised on an undifferentiated ethnoscape that ignores the significantly different learning needs and sociocultural adjustments faced by refugee students compared with migrants and international students. At the same time, educational programmes of inclusion that are concerned with utilizing community organizations to deliver services and enhance participation, point to the emergence of `government through community partnerships' — a mode of governance increasingly associated with advanced liberal societies.
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Tozer, Meryan, Nigar G. Khawaja, and Robert Schweitzer. "Protective Factors Contributing to Wellbeing Among Refugee Youth in Australia." Journal of Psychologists and Counsellors in Schools 28, no. 1 (January 16, 2017): 66–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jgc.2016.31.
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The present study examined protective factors associated with the wellbeing of 93 youth from a refugee background resettled in Brisbane, Australia. Wellbeing was defined as an absence of psychological distress and the presence of subjective wellbeing. Students at Milpera State High School, a special English language school, completed a battery of questionnaires. Hierarchical multiple regression analyses examined the relationship between protective factors and wellbeing, while controlling for sociodemographic characteristics. The results indicated that higher levels of school connectedness and acculturation were significantly associated with lower levels of psychological distress. Further, higher levels of school connectedness, acculturation and resilience, in addition to having a permanent visa, were significantly associated with higher levels of subjective wellbeing. Notably, 55% of the variance in subjective wellbeing was explained jointly by these factors. School connectedness, acculturation, resilience, and visa certainty were instrumental in enhancing aspects of wellbeing in the present sample of students from a refugee background. Implications for refugee-related policy and strategies in schools, mental health services, and at broader governmental levels are discussed.
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Osborn, Michael, Caroline Little, Sharon Bowering, and Lisa Orme. "Youth Cancer Services in Australia: Development and Implementation. International Perspectives on AYAO, Part 3." Journal of Adolescent and Young Adult Oncology 2, no. 3 (September 2013): 118–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/jayao.2012.0032.
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Easpaig, Bróna Nic Giolla, and Rachael Fox. "Young people’s experiences of negotiating health care services in relation to sexual and gender identities: A communitybased approach to service improvement." Psychology of Sexualities Review 8, no. 1 (2017): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.53841/bpssex.2017.8.1.39.
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LGBTIQ young people experience intersecting forms of disadvantage concerning youth status and sexual and/or gender identity, contributing to poorer wellbeing. The paper presents a research project with a youth mental health service, youth reference group and researchers to improve services to this community in Australia. An online survey was designed to learn about their views on service access, experiences and improvements to inform the development of training programmes for health care professionals. Thematic analysis of surveys (N=101) highlights the salience of: services’ visible commitment to LGBTIQ communities; how the relevance of sexuality and/or gender to service interaction is negotiated; and the heteronormative and cisnormative shaping of health care interactions. Implications for health-enabling contexts are reflected upon from a community health psychology perspective.
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Oostermeijer, Sanne, Michelle Williamson, Angela Nicholas, Anna Machlin, and Bridget Bassilios. "Implementing and Delivering Youth Mental Health Services: Approaches Taken by the Australian Primary Health Network ‘Lead Sites’." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 17 (August 23, 2022): 10494. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph191710494.
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Aim: This paper aims to report on effective approaches for, and early impacts of, implementing and delivering services for youth with, or at risk of, severe mental illness commissioned by 10 Primary Health Network (PHN) Lead Sites (reform leaders) in Australia. Methods: The following qualitative data sources were analyzed using a thematic approach: focus group consultations with 68 Lead Site staff and 70 external stakeholders from Lead Site regions; and observational data from one Lead Site meeting with a focus on services for youth with, or at risk of, severe mental illness and one national symposium that was attended by Lead Site staff and service providers. Results: The Lead Site staff described common effective strategies for implementing and delivering youth enhanced services as follows: building on existing youth services, establishing effective linkages with other local youth enhanced services, and providing complementary clinical and non-clinical services. Early impacts of youth enhanced services that were described by Lead Site staff and external stakeholders included: improved service quality and access, positive effects on consumers and/or carers (e.g., reduced symptomology), and sector-wide impacts such as improved service integration. Staff members from two Lead Sites also mentioned negative impacts (e.g., uncertainty of continued funding). Suggestions for future improvements by Lead Site staff and external stakeholders included: involving young people in service design and planning, improving service access, addressing clinical workforce shortages, improving data collection and usage, and establishing greater service integration. Conclusions: These findings highlight the necessity for collaborative and localized responses as well as service models that combine clinical and non-clinical care to address the needs of young people with, or at risk of, severe mental illness. Early impacts that were reported by stakeholders indicated that PHN-commissioned youth-enhanced services had positive impacts for consumers, carers, and the wider service sector.
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London, Zoe, Badal Moslehuddin, Philip Mendes, and Judy Cashmore. "National Leaving Care Survey and Research Study: Funded by Australian Research Alliance for Children & Youth." Children Australia 32, no. 4 (2007): 36–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200011779.
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Australian child protection services have been slower than some of their overseas counterparts, such as the United Kingdom, to recognise the need for specific services for young people leaving care. The last 10 years, however, have seen a body of research into the needs of young people leaving care in various Australian States, with the resulting establishment of specific services in some States. As each State is governed by different Acts that regulate the services provided to young people in care, the development of new services has, of necessity, been on a state by state basis, with little or no coordination or consistency of service provision across Australia.
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Sims, Margaret, Trudi Cooper, Elaine Barclay, and John Scott. "Making Sense of Indigenous Youth Night Patrols." Administration & Society 51, no. 4 (March 21, 2017): 664–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399717700225.
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We use Weick’s sense-making and Lipsky’s street-level bureaucracy to tease out understandings and perspectives about youth night patrol services in New South Wales, Australia. We examine synergies, tensions, and contradictions in the different ways participants make sense of the purpose of youth night patrols and their role in service delivery. Although all the service were based on the same model, used the same program logic, and reported against the same measureable outcomes, they all looked different on the ground. We explore these differences in the light of participants’ sense-making efforts, demonstrating that a unitary policy does not necessarily result in similarity of program delivery.
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Lubman, Dan I., Leanne Hides, and Kathryn Elkins. "Developing Integrated Models of Care Within the Youth Alcohol and Other Drug Sector." Australasian Psychiatry 16, no. 5 (January 1, 2008): 363–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10398560802027294.
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Objective: The aim of this paper is to describe an initiative in Victoria, Australia, aimed at improving the detection and management of co-occurring mental health issues within the youth Alcohol and Other Drug (AOD) sector. Conclusions: Over the past 4 years, in partnership with local youth AOD services, we have developed a successful service model that addresses co-occurring mental health issues within the youth AOD sector. However, such capacity-building requires the full support of workers and senior management, and a cultural shift whereby the assessment and management of mental health issues are seen as a priority and core service issue. The capacity-building process was facilitated by embedding experienced mental health clinicians within each service to support and implement the initiative. This model offered learning opportunities through the modelling of relevant skills and the provision of ‘on-the-job’ training. Such approaches demonstrate that integrated models of care can be delivered within youth AOD services, although further research is needed to determine their effectiveness.
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Andreas, Otto Mart, Sri Milfayetty, and M. Rajab Lubis. "The Effect Of Dance And Movement Creative Counseling And Confidence On The Happiness Of Teens At Terima Kasih Abadi Orphanage, Medan." Jurnal Multidisiplin Madani 2, no. 2 (February 26, 2022): 643–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.54259/mudima.v2i2.400.
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This paper aims to determine the differences in the happiness of orphanages who are given dance and movement creative counseling services and those who are given conventional counseling services, the differences in the happiness of orphans who have high self-confidence and those who have low self-confidence, and the interaction between dance creative counseling and Movement and self-confidence in influencing the happiness of the orphanage youth. The problem is focused on the happiness of the orphanage youth who are given dance and movement creative counseling services. To approach this problem, Seligman's Authentic Happiness theory is used as a reference. The data were collected through the scale of happiness and self-confidence and analyzed by means of a two-way ANOVA with a significance level of 0.05. This study concludes that there is a difference in the happiness of the orphanage youth who were given Dance and Movement creative counseling services and those given conventional counseling services with Fcount>Ftable, namely 9.32; the difference in the happiness of orphans who have high self-confidence and those who have low self-confidence with Fcount>Ftable is 29.07; and found the interaction between Dance and Movement creative counseling and self-confidence towards the happiness of the orphanage youth with Fcount > Ftable, namely 5.84.
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Piccone, Judith, Katherine Moodie, Leonie Sanderson, Michelle Bond, and Gunther DeGraeve. "Sharing wisdom II: Integrated care in partnership – Designing youth mental health services in Queensland, Australia." International Journal of Integrated Care 18, s2 (October 23, 2018): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.5334/ijic.s2103.
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Rickwood, Debra, Nina Van Dyke, and Nic Telford. "Innovation in youth mental health services in Australia: common characteristics across the first headspace centres." Early Intervention in Psychiatry 9, no. 1 (July 4, 2013): 29–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eip.12071.
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Sabbioni, Daniela, Steven Feehan, Craig Nicholls, Wei Soong, Daniela Rigoli, Denise Follett, Geoff Carastathis, et al. "Providing culturally informed mental health services to Aboriginal youth: The YouthLink model in Western Australia." Early Intervention in Psychiatry 12, no. 5 (March 24, 2018): 987–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/eip.12563.
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Westwater, Jason, Elizabeth Riley, and Gregory Peterson. "A Survey of Specialist Youth Gender Diversity Services in Australia: A Whole‐of‐Family Approach." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy 40, no. 4 (November 22, 2019): 400–412. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/anzf.1390.
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Boksa, Patricia, Daphne Hutt-MacLeod, Lacey Clair, Gregory Brass, Shirley Bighead, Aileen MacKinnon, Meghan Etter, et al. "Demographic and Clinical Presentations of Youth using Enhanced Mental Health Services in Six Indigenous Communities from the ACCESS Open Minds Network." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 67, no. 3 (November 19, 2021): 179–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/07067437211055416.
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Objective In many Indigenous communities, youth mental health services are inadequate. Six Indigenous communities participating in the ACCESS Open Minds (AOM) network implemented strategies to transform their youth mental health services. This report documents the demographic and clinical presentations of youth accessing AOM services at these Indigenous sites. Methods Four First Nations and two Inuit communities contributed to this study. Youth presenting for mental health services responded to a customized sociodemographic questionnaire and presenting concerns checklist, and scales assessing distress, self-rated health and mental health, and suicidal thoughts and behaviors. Results Combined data from the First Nations sites indicated that youth across the range of 11–29 years accessed services. More girls/women than boys/men accessed services; 17% identified as LBGTQ+. Most (83%) youth indicated having access to at least one reliable adult and getting along well with the people living with them. Twenty-five percent of youth reported difficulty meeting basic expenses. Kessler (K10) distress scores indicated that half likely had a moderate mental health problem and a fourth had severe problems. Fifty-five percent of youth rated their mental health as fair or poor, while 50% reported suicidal thoughts in the last month. Anxiety, stress, depression and sleep issues were the most common presenting problems. Fifty-one percent of youth either accessed services themselves or were referred by family members. AOM was the first mental health service accessed that year for 68% of youth. Conclusions This report is the first to present a demographic and clinical portrait of youth presenting at mental health services in multiple Indigenous settings in Canada. It illustrates the acceptability and feasibility of transforming youth mental health services using core principles tailored to meet communities’ unique needs, resources, and cultures, and evaluating these using a common protocol. Data obtained can be valuable in evaluating services and guiding future service design. Trial registration name and number at Clinicaltrials.gov: ACCESS Open Minds/ACCESS Esprits ouverts, ISRCTN23349893
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Campbell, Lynda. "Children Australia …: Keeping us focused and connected." Children Australia 30, no. 2 (2005): 7–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1035077200010634.
Full textAbstract:
Children Australia is a friendly journal. It is accessible, readable, contemporary, and straight forward. It has always been intended as a forum for practitioners and external commentators alike. The editorial policy has been relatively relaxed, with assistance provided to ensure a good spread of contributors. A quick scan of papers published over the last four years shows a predominance of papers from academics, primarily within schools of social work. These are enriched by contributions from writers from community development, youth services, child development, psychology, policy studies and history, often giving an extra critical slant or a sharp specialist focus that might otherwise be conspicuously missing. Personally, I really appreciate this interdisciplinary conversation and hope it will be preserved and developed.
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Karim, Shakir, and Ergun Gide. "The use of interactive mobile technology to improve the quality of health care services in private and public hospitals in Australia." Global Journal of Information Technology: Emerging Technologies 8, no. 3 (December 29, 2018): 134–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/gjit.v8i3.4054.
Full textAbstract:
The research questions, ‘As an Australian, can we expect fully mobile technology integrated health care services in Australia? Is it possible everywhere in Australia’? A healthcare system whether private or public should provide comprehensive health care services all over in Australia, including countryside and CBD. The term ‘Mobile Technology integrated health care’ refers to a healthcare system designed for electronic and smart devices which can be used anytime and anywhere in the world. This research paper examines ‘how patients can access GPs, specialists, private and public hospitals in Australia’, which provide interactive mobile technology-based health services. The research has mainly used secondary research data analysis and methods to provide a broad investigation of the issues relevant to interactive mobile technology and health care system in Australia, the problems, problem factors, benefits and opportunities in the health care industry. Finally, the mobile technology integrated health care system will ensure that the framework is user and environmentally friendly. Keywords: Interactive mobile technology, quality, health care, services, hospitals, Australia.