Relevant bibliographies by topics / Probiotic bacteria

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  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
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Academic literature on the topic 'Probiotic bacteria'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 20 February 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Probiotic bacteria"

1

Firdus, Firdus, Cut Putri Fhatalina, and Lenni Fitri. "Characterization of potential probiotic in digestive tract of Mugil cephalus (Linnaeus, 1758)." Depik 11, no. 2 (August 22, 2022): 231–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.11.2.25698.

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Probiotics are beneficial microbes in living things that are useful for improving the balance of microbes in the digestive tract and have a positive influence on the physiology and healthiness of the host. This study aimed to obtain bacterial isolates that could be used as probiotics from striped mullet (Mugil cephalus) and to characterize it macroscopically, microscopically, and biochemically. Isolation of probiotic bacteria was carried out using the spread plate method. The medium used to isolate probiotic bacteria was MRSA (De Man Rogose Sharpe Agar) medium. The probiotic test was carried out by hydrolysis of starch and casein. The diversity of bacterial morphology was observed based on macroscopic, microscopic, and biochemical tests. A total of 2 probiotic bacteria (PIB 1 and PIB 2) were obtained. The characterization results showed that the two probiotic bacteria belonged to the Gram-positive bacteria, in the form of bacilli which had different colony morphology. The results of morphological and biochemical tests indicated that one bacterial isolate belonged to the genus Bacillus (PIB 1) and the other isolate belonged to the genus Lactobacillus (PIB 2).
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Sunarto, Sukenda, and Widanarni. "Screening of Probiotic Bacteria from Intestine and Culture Environment of Hoeven’s slender carp Leptobarbus hoeveni Blkr to Control Pathogenic Bacteria." Jurnal Akuakultur Indonesia 9, no. 2 (July 1, 2010): 127. http://dx.doi.org/10.19027/jai.9.127-135.

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The ability of probiotic bacteria to control disease infection has been used in aquaculture. This experiment was conducted to isolate and characterize probiotic bacteria; the competition test its ability probiotic bacteria against pathogenic bacteria; and to improve survival rate of Leptobarbus hoeveni. The bacteria were isolated from Leptobarbus hoeveni and its culture environment, and then tested to know its ability to inhibit bacterial fish pathogen in-vitro. Furthermore, the selected probiotic bacteria were tested in vivo to evaluate their ability to inhibit pathogen of Leptobarbus hoeveni. The result showed that probiotic bacteria inhibit the growth of Streptococcus iniae, Flexibacter columnaris, Mycobacterium fortuitum and Aeromonas hydrophila in vitro. Isolate DD3 was the best of candidate probiotic because of the ability to inhibit pathogen, especially A. hydrophila, the most virulent bacteria in Leptobarbus hoeveni.<br /><br />Key Words : probiotic bacteria, Leptobarbus hoeveni, pathogenic bacteria<br /><br />Abstrak<br /><br />Kemampuan bakteri probiotik untuk mengendalikan penyakit infeksi telah digunakan dalam akuakultur. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah mengisolasi dan mengkarakterisasi bakteri probiotik, menguji kemampuan bakteri probiotik terhadap bakteri patogen, sehingga dapat meningkatkan tingkat kelangsungan hidup ikan jelawat. Bakteri diisolasi dari usus ikan jelawat dan lingkungan budaya, kemudian diuji kemampuannya menghambat bakteri patogen secara in-vitro. Selanjutnya bakteri probiotik yang dipilih diuji secara in vivo untuk mengevaluasi kemampuannya dalam menghambat patogen di dalam tubuh ikan jelawat. Dari hasil penelitian diperoleh bakteri probiotik yang diisolasi dari usus dan lingkungan budaya ikan jelawat menunjukkan penghambatan pertumbuhan terhadap Streptococcus iniae, Flexibacter columnaris, Mycobacterium fortuitum dan Aeromonas hydrophila secara in vitro. Isolat DD3 merupakan kandidat probiotik terbaik, karena mempunyai kemampuan untuk menghambat bakteri patogen, khususnya bakteri A. hydrophila adalah bakteri yang paling viluren bagi ikan jelawat.<br /> <br />Kata Kunci: bakteri probiotik, ikan jalawat dan baktri patogen<br />
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Kefyalew, Bali Chirkena, Beyza Hatice Ulusoy, Wubshet Asnake ‪Metekia, and Fatma Kaya Yıldırım. "In vitro probiotic and industrial properties of bacteria isolated from fermented food products." International Food Research Journal 28, no. 4 (August 1, 2021): 638–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.47836/ifrj.28.4.01.

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Probiotics are live microorganisms present in naturally fermented food products, and also added to other products as supplements to improve the hosts' health and microbial balance. Bacteria are considered as probiotics based on selection criteria that include the ability to survive the transition through the gastrointestinal tract conditions (pH and bile salt concentration), adhesion to the intestinal epithelium, auto-aggregation, and antibiotic resistance. The industrial properties of probiotic bacteria associated with their incorporation into food products are essential for the application of probiotic cultures in the development of functional foods. Probiotic bacteria must survive industrial applications, grow adequately in food products during their shelf life, and be technologically suitable for their incorporation into foods products so that they retain viability and efficacy. The antimicrobial activity of probiotic bacterial strains against foodborne pathogenic bacteria may also be a characteristic parameter for probiotics to be included in the composition of probiotic preparations and probiotic foods. This review discusses the in vitro and industrial properties of bacteria isolated from a variety of fermented food products.
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Tomasik, Przemysław, and Piotr Tomasik. "Probiotics, Non-Dairy Prebiotics and Postbiotics in Nutrition." Applied Sciences 10, no. 4 (February 21, 2020): 1470. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10041470.

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The review covers achievements and developments in the field of probiosis and prebiosis originating from sources other than dairy sources, mainly from plant material like cereals. The actual definitions of probiotic microorganisms, prebiotic, and postbiotic compounds and functional food are discussed. The presentation takes into account the relations between selected food components and their effect on probiotic bacteria, as well as effects on some health issues in humans. The review also focuses on the preservation of cereals using probiotic bacteria, adverse effects of probiotics and prebiotics, and novel possibilities for using probiotic bacteria in the food industry.
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H. L., Rowles. "Probiotics Slow the Growth of Pathogenic Bacteria." International Journal of Probiotics and Prebiotics 14, no. 1 (July 23, 2019): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.37290/ijpp2641-7197.14:28-31.

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Probiotics are live microorganisms, which when ingested in sufficient amounts, confer health benefits to the host by improving the gut microflora balance. The purpose of this research was to determine whether commercial probiotic products containing multitude of commensal bacteria would reduce the growth rate of pathogenic bacteria, specifically Escherichia coli and Salmonella typhimurium. Growth curves were established, and the growth rates were compared for samples of E. coli, S. typhimurium, Nature’s Bounty Controlled Delivery probiotic, Sundown Naturals Probiotic Balance probiotic, and cocultures of the pathogenic bacteria mixed with the probiotics. The findings of this research were that the commercial probiotics significantly reduced the growth rate of E. coli and S. typhimurium when combined in cocultures. Probiotics containing multiple strains may be taken prophylactically to reduce the risk of bacterial infections caused by E. coli and S. typhimurium. Probiotics could be used to reduce the high global morbidity and mortality rates of diarrheal disease.
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Sakata, Takashi, Taichi Kojima, Masatoshi Fujieda, Masanori Takahashi, and Takashi Michibata. "Influences of probiotic bacteria on organic acid production by pig caecal bacteriain vitro." Proceedings of the Nutrition Society 62, no. 1 (February 2003): 73–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/pns2002211.

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The mechanism of action of probiotics is largely unknown. A potential mechanism should be to increase the production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), known modulators of gut functions, by the bacterial ecosystem in the large intestine. The present paper reviews our recent studies in which the capacity of probiotic bacteria to increase the production of SCFA by pig caecal bacteria was investigated using batch-culture and continuous-culture techniques. All four commercial probiotic preparations and three strains of probiotic bacteria dose-dependently accelerated the net production of SCFA, succinic acid and lactic acid without changing the acid profile, and slowed the net production of NH4. Effects on organic acid production did not vary among different probiotic species. Neither probiotic preparations nor probiotic bacteria affected the organic acid production from glucose, gastric mucin, starch or lactose, or organic acids produced:added saccharide. Glucose abolished these effects of probiotic preparations. However, the capacity of probiotics to increase SCFA production was not modified by gastric mucin, starch or lactose. These results indicate that probiotic bacteria increase SCFA production by accelerating the breakdown of carbohydrates that are resistant to indigenous bacteria, and suggest that the concept of prebiotics in terms of SCFA production as a measure of probiotic function is arguable.
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Harpeni, E., G. R. Firanti, R. M. Ghani, and Wardiyanto. "Effects of encapsulated Bacillus sp. D2.2 on gut bacterial composition and immune system in brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus." IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 919, no. 1 (November 1, 2021): 012061. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/919/1/012061.

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Abstract In the aquaculture industry, the application of probiotics is well known widely used to control disease, improve water quality and reduce demands for the use of antibiotics or disinfectants. However, some local gut bacteria can bind to harmful bacterial component. For better efficacy of probiotics in the digestive tract of carnivorous fish, encapsulation can be a simple, harmless, and improved method to maintain the microflora of the digestive tract thereby enhancing the immune system of fish. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of encapsulated probiotic Bacillus sp. D2.2.on gut bacterial communities and immune system in brown-marbled grouper Epinephelus fuscoguttatus. One hundred fish weighing about 40 g were divided randomly into five groups including negative control and positive control groups which were fed by a commercial diet only and a diet containing probiotic respectively, the third to fifth groups were fed by 1, 2, and 3 g/kg encapsulated probiotics dose of feed respectively. The results showed that encapsulated probiotic increase viability of probiotic bacteria and also affect the abundance of lactic acid bacteria. Immune response of the brown-marbled grouper also increased significantly after the application of encapsulated probiotics.
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Yıldıran, Hatice, Güldeb Başyiğit Kılıç, and Aynur Gül Karahan. "Probiyotik Mayalar ve Özellikleri." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 5, no. 10 (October 2, 2017): 1148. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v5i10.1148-1155.1239.

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Probiotics are a group of organism those confer health benefit to consumers. There are lots of studies about health benefits of probiotic treatments. The more commonly used probiotic bacteria are bifidobacteria and lactic acid bacteria, such as lactobacilli, lactococci and streptococci. Microorganisms that are probiotic to humans also include yeasts, bacilli and enterococci. Probiotic yeasts have become a field of interest to scientists in recent years. Several previous studies showed that members of Saccharomyces genus can possess anti-bacterial and probiotic properties. Saccharomyces boulardii is non-pathogenic yeast used for many years as a probiotic agent to prevent or treat a variety of human gastrointestinal disorders. S. boulardii is commonly used in lyophilized form especially in the pharmaceutical industry. In this review, information about the probiotics, properties of probiotic yeasts, their usage fields is provided and the results of researches in this area has been presented.
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Rambitan, Grisella, Johanis J. Pelealu, and Trina E. Tallei. "Isolasi dan identifikasi bakteri asam laktat hasil fermentasi kol merah (Brassica oleracea L.) sebagai probiotik potensial (Isolation and identification lactic acid bacteria from red cabbage (Brassica oleracea L.) fermentation as potential probiotic)." JURNAL BIOS LOGOS 8, no. 2 (August 31, 2018): 33. http://dx.doi.org/10.35799/jbl.8.2.2018.21447.

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AbstrakBakteri asam laktat merupakan kelompok bakteri yang menghasilkan asam laktat sebagai produk utama dalam fermentasi. Bakteri ini sering disebut probiotik sebab memberikan dampak positif bagi tubuh manusia. Setiap spesies bakteri asam laktat memiliki efek probiotik yang berbeda-beda sehingga diperlukan seleksi dan identifikasi untuk mendapatkan strain probiotik yang baik. Identifikasi bakteri asam laktat dalam penelitian ini menggunakan metode identifikasi molekuler dengan gen penanda 16S rRNA. Bakteri asam laktat dari fermentasi kol merah memiliki kemiripan 100% dengan Weissella cibaria dan Weissella confusa. Analisis filogenetik menunjukkan hubungan kekerabatan antara isolat bakteri asam laktat dari fermentasi kol merah dengan bakteri genus Weissella yang lain.Kata kunci: bakteri asam laktat, fermentasi, 16S rRNA, probiotik AbstractLactic acid bacteria is a group of bacteria that produce lactic acid as the main product in fermentation. These bacteria are often called probiotics because can confer a positive impact on the human body. Each species of lactic acid bacteria has a different probiotic effect that requires selection and identification to obtain a good probiotic strain. The identification of lactic acid bacteria in this study used a method of molecular identification with a marker gene of 16S rRNA. Lactic acid bacteria from red cabbage fermentation have a 100% similarity to Weissella cibaria and Weissella confusa. Phylogenetic analysis showed a relationship between lactic acid bacteria isolates from red cabbage fermentation with bacteria from the other Weissella genus.Keywords: lactic acid bacteria, fermentation, 16S rRNA, probiotics
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Haditomo, Alfabetian Harjuno Condro, Angela Mariana Lusiastuti, and Widanarni Widanarni. "STUDI BACILLUS FIRMUS SEBAGAI KANDIDAT PROBIOTIK DALAM MENGHADAPI Aeromonas hydrophila PADA MEDIA BUDIDAYA The Study of Bacillus firmus as Probiotic Candidate in Supressing Aeromonas hydrophila in Culture Media." SAINTEK PERIKANAN : Indonesian Journal of Fisheries Science and Technology 11, no. 2 (February 25, 2016): 111. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijfst.11.2.111-114.

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ABSTRAK Pengendalian penyakit bakterial yang umum dilakukan dengan pemakaian antibiotik atau bahan kimia sudah tidak diperbolehkan lagi karena menimbulkan patogen yang resisten terhadap bahan kimia tersebut, terlebih jika penggunaan tidak sesuai dengan anjuran yang diberikan. Dampak negatif terhadap kesehatan konsumen berupa residu antibiotik juga menjadi pertimbangan yang harus diperhatikan. Manipulasi terhadap populasi mikroba yang berada di perairan guna pencegahan sebelum terjadinya serangan bakteri yang bersifat mematikan perlu dilakukan sebagaimana konsep probiotik sebagai biokontrol. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah menguji kandidat probiotik dalam menekan atau menghambat bakteri patogen Aeromonas hydrophila. Penelitian ini dilaksananakan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama adalah tahap pengujian bakteri kandidat probiotik secara in vitro menggunakan metode zona hambat dan kultur bersama pada media agar. Tahap kedua adalah uji tentang bakteri kandidat probiotik dengan patogen pada media budidaya. Hasil terbaik penelitian tahap pertama pada uji kultur bersama antara kandidat probiotik B. firmus dengan A. hydrophila pada skala in vitro adalah dengan penambahan probiotik B. firmus sebanyak 108 cfu/ml. Sedangkan pada penelitian tahap kedua didapatkan hasil berturut-turut perlakuan D dengan tingkat kelangsungan hidup (SR) mencapai 90%, perlakuan C dengan SR 75%, perlakuan A dengan SR 50% dan perlakuan K dengan SR 50%. Kata kunci: Bacillus firmus, probiotik, Aeromonas hydrophila, media budidaya ABSTRACT Controlling bacterial disease with the use of antibiotics or chemicals is no longer allowed as it results in pathogens that are resistant to the chemicals, especially when not in accordance with the recommendations provided. The negative impactsof the antibiotics residues on the consumers’ health also need to be considered. Manipulation of microbial populations present in the waters as preventation before the lethal attack of bacteria needs to be done which is in accordance with the concept of probiotics as biocontrol.The purpose of this study was to test the probiotic candidates in suppressing or inhibiting pathogenic bacteria Aeromonas hydrophila. This study was conducted in two stages. The first stage was to test a candidate probiotic bacteria in vitro using culture methods and inhibition zone on the media together. The second stage wasto test candidate probiotic bacteria to pathogens on the cultivation media. The best results in the first phase of the research is shared culture test between probiotic candidate B. FIRMUS with A. hydrophila on vitro scale is the addition of the probiotic B. FIRMUS 108 cfu / ml. While in the second phase of the research results obtained successively: treatment D with a survival rate (SR) reaches 90%, treatment C with SR 75%, treatment A with SR 50% and treatment K with SR 50%. Keywords: Bacillus FIRMUS, probiotics, Aeromonas hydrophila, media cultivation
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Probiotic bacteria"

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Fong, Long-yan, and 方朗茵. "Immunomodulatory properties of probiotic bacteria." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/208173.

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Probiotics are living microorganisms, which when administered in adequate amounts confer a health benefit on the host. They have been reported to relieve acute diarrhoea, atopic dermatitis and irritable bowel syndrome in disease-specific animal studies and in human intervention trials. However, probiotics are regularly consumed by general healthy population with limited knowledge in the immunomodulation of probiotics of local and systemic immune responses in healthy experimental models. Serving as the first line of defense against microbial infections and the largest immunological organ in animal host, the epithelium lining the small and large intestine is supposed to be the first organ to encounter probiotics as probiotics are always orally taken. It is believed that probiotics regulate the local immunities in the gut, which acts as the pivot in modulating the systemic immune responses. Accordingly, it was hypothesized that probiotic bacteria can modulate both local and systemic immune responses in healthy population; and the immunomodulation of combination of probiotics is different from that of individual strains. Wildtype healthy C57BL/6 mice were fed with different probiotic strains − Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG (LGG), Lactobacillus rhamnosus LC705 (LC705), Bifidobacterium breve Bb99 (Bb99), Propionibacterium freudenreichii ssp. shermanii JS (PJS) or Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN), or mixture of probiotics − GGmix (LGG, LC705, Bb99 and PJS) and ECPJSmix (PJS and EcN), for three weeks. After that, intestine, liver, spleen and blood were investigated. Probiotics suppressed intestinal T helper (Th)17 immune response but enhanced systemic (hepatic and splenic) Th17 immune response, suggesting that immune homeostasis was maintained in healthy individuals. Mechanism of action of LGG was further studied in this project as LGG is the widely studied probiotics. It was hypothesized that LGG exerts immunomodulatory effects by bacteria cells and/or its derived soluble factors such as lactic acid. Immunomodulatory effects of LGG cells and their soluble factors on dendritic cells (DCs), macrophages and monocytes from healthy blood donors were investigated as antigen-presenting cells (APCs) are pivots of bridging innate and adaptive immunities. Cytokine secretion profile, expressions of toll-like receptors (TLRs) and activation-related receptors of the APCs were examined. Both LGG cells and their soluble factors promoted type 1-responsiveness while soluble factors promoted type 17-responsiveness as well. Yet, lactic acid seemed not to be the one which enhanced type 1 and type 17 immune responses in soluble factors. With better understanding on the immunomodulation of probiotics in healthy models, prophylactic efficacy of probiotics in preventing infections and diseases can be availed.
published_or_final_version
Biological Sciences
Doctoral
Doctor of Philosophy
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Drakoularakou, Alexandra. "Synbiotic studies on selected probiotic bacteria." Thesis, University of Reading, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.493809.

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One important development which has recently started to be incorporated to the group of functional foods, is that of the synbiotics (combination of probiotics with prebiotics). This study focused on the development of synbiotic versions of three potential probiotic strains (Lactobacillus acidophilus 74-2, Lactobacillus casei 163 and Bifidobacterium lactis 420) with potential prebiotics and their antipathogenic effects were also investigated. The probiotic characteristics of each of the three strains were assessed prior to investigation of potential synbiotic combinations.
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Adebayo, Olajumoke O. "Evaluation of bacterial polymers as protective agents for sensitive probiotic bacteria." Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/621096.

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Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts confer one or more health benefits on the host. Different processing conditions, the acidic condition of the stomach and exposure to hydrolytic enzymes affect the viability and efficacy of probiotic organisms. This study investigated the protective effects of two biopolymers poly-gamma-glutamic acid (γ-PGA) and bacterial cellulose (BC) on probiotics during freeze drying and during exposure to simulated intestinal juices and bile salts. The antibacterial property of Bifidobacterium strains was also investigated against four pathogenic bacteria. γ-PGA, a naturally occurring biopolymer was produced by two bacteria (Bacillus subtilis ATCC 15245 and B. licheniformis ATCC 9945a) in GS and E media, γ-PGA yields of about 14.11g/l were achieved in shake flasks and molecular weight of up to 1620 k Da was recorded, γ-PGA production was scaled up in a fermenter with B. subtilis using GS medium. BC, an edible biopolymer was produced by Gluconacetobacter xylinus ATCC 23770 in HS medium and a modified HS (MHS) medium. A yield of about 1.37g/l was recorded and BC production with MHS medium was used for probiotic application. B. longum NCIMB 8809 B. breve NCIMB 8807 and B. animalis NCIMB 702716 showed the best antimicrobial properties against the investigated pathogens. Survival of Bifidobacterium strains was improved when protected with powdered BC (PBC) although γ-PGA offered better protection than PBC. Viability of B. longum NCIMB 8809, B. breve NCIMB 8807 and B. animalis NCIMB 702716 in simulated gastric juice (SGJ) and simulated intestinal juice with bile salts was improved when protected with 5% γ-PGA and 5% γ-PGA+PBC with a reduction of < 1 Log CFU/ml while a reduction of ≤2 Log CFU/ml was recorded in PBC protected cells. Protecting Bifidobacterium strains with γ-PGA, PBC or a novel γ-PGA + PBC combination is a promising method to deliver probiotic bacteria to the target site in order to confer their health benefits on the host.
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Hamad, Shwan Abdullah. "Novel techniques for microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria." Thesis, University of Hull, 2012. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:6873.

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Microencapsulation of living cells such as probiotic bacteria can be used for the protection of the cells from harsh conditions such as low pH and mechanical stress in the digestive system. In this thesis we demonstrate various novel strategies to microencapsulate living yeast cells as a model for probiotic bacteria. We prepared and used sporopollenin microcapsules to encapsulate yeast cells by compressing the sporopollenin particles into a pellet which was exposed to an aqueous suspension of yeast cells in the presence of a biocompatible surface active agent. We also demonstrate that the viability of the cells is preserved after the microencapsulation. We fabricated novel shellac-yeast cells composite microcapsules programmed to release the cells upon change of pH in a narrow range. This was achieved by either spray drying or sprays co-precipitating dispersion of yeast cells in aqueous solution of ammonium shellac doped with a pH-sensitive polyelectrolyte. We also demonstrate that yeast cells retain their viability even when treated with aqueous solutions of low pH. In addition, the pH-triggered release of yeast cells from these composite microcapsules and their disintegration rates were investigated. We developed a theoretical model for the kinetics of yeast cells release from the microcapsules triggered by (i) pH change and (ii) the growth of the cells in a culture media. In a separate strategy of microencapsulation of living cells, we used templates of Pickering emulsions stabilised with latex nanoparticles to fabricate colloidosomes loaded with viable probiotics. Depending on the method of transfer, we have shown that magnetic colloidosomes containing pH-sensitive polyelectrolyte loaded with living cells can be prepared using Pickering emulsion templates. In addition, we demonstrate two strategies to strengthen the stability of water-in-oil Pickering emulsion droplets by interlocking the adsorbed latex particle monolayer: by (i) using oppositely charged polyelectrolyte adsorption or (ii) using polyelectrolyte pre-coated yeast cells which act as cross-linkers inside the water-in-oil droplets. Furthermore, we report the fabrication of 3 D multicellular cellosomes of living cells by using water-in-oil emulsion templates as intermediate. We have used two strategies to assemble yeast cells pre-coated with polyelectrolytes in water-in-oil emulsion droplets stabilised with either surfactant or solid particles. The emulsion droplets containing oppositely charged yeast cells linked together by electrostatical interactions were shrunken to compact structures upon addition of dry octanol and subsequently transferred into water to fabricate cellosomes. In summary, this thesis contributes an arsenal of new methods for microencapsulation of living cells for the purpose of their protection and triggered release. The results of this thesis can be used in the formulation of better probiotic products, protection and release of cells implants, tissue engineering and development of live vaccines.
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Dixit, Sameer M. "Antagonistic activity of probiotic bacteria based on bacterial diversity in the porcine gut." Thesis, View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/35614.

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Diversity analysis of Escherichia coli have routinely utilised isolates obtained by culture of faeces on MacConkey selective media, under the assumption that the diversity identified in faecal isolates are representative of similar diversity in E. coli in the gastrointestinal tract (GIT). This study has addressed this important issue by specifically isolating E. coli from different regions of the gut in pigs and subjecting them to enzymatic multilocus enzyme electrophoresis (MLEE) and molecular virulence factor (VF) analysis to ascertain whether E. coli populations inhabiting different regions of the gut are different from each other. Combination of these results showed that on average, E. coli strains isolated from the upper GIT region (small intestine) of the pig are distinctly different from the E. coli strains isolated from the lower GIT region (large intestine). An important aspect of the finding that faecal E. coli are not truly representative of the diversity in the GIT is the mechanism used by specific clonotypes that have adapted to different geographical habitats to survive challenge from incoming strains.
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Dixit, Sameer M. "Antagonistic activity of probiotic bacteria based on bacterial diversity in the porcine gut." View thesis, 2004. http://handle.uws.edu.au:8081/1959.7/35614.

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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 2004.
A thesis presented to the University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, Centre for Advanced Food Research, in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy. Includes bibliographies.
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Jones, Mitchell. "Enzymatically active probiotic bacteria for topical and oral therapy." Thesis, McGill University, 2011. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=103498.

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A novel approach whereby one can use probiotic bacteria for the purpose of topical and oral therapy is presented. More specifically, a treatment modality using enzymatically active probiotic production of gaseous nitric oxide (gNO) for wound healing, antimicrobial, cosmetic, and dermatologic therapy is presented. In another aspect, a probiotic treatment modality for metabolic disease and metabolic syndrome using nitrate reductase (NiR) active probiotic bacteria is explored. In concurrence to these requirements, several in-vitro methods are designed and discussed in this report. For some of these studies the use of alginate microcapsules is explored. Results show that probiotic patches can be used for the production of gNO above therapeutic levels and for therapeutic durations and that probiotic gNO-producing patches are highly bacteriostatic, bactericidal, and fungicidal. Results show that the novel gNO-producing probiotic patch can be used to improve wound healing and increase the likelihood of wound closure in ischemic and infected full-thickness dermal wounds in a New Zealand White Rabbit model and that daily application of the patch is safe with respect to body weight, blood morphology, haematology, blood biochemistry, and methemoglobin levels. Also, results show that novel NiR-active probiotic bacteria can be selected for nitrate reductase (NiR) activity in-vitro, and can be microencapsulated or delivered free under simulated GI conditions, and in the presence of various food matrices while maintaining NiR activity, confirming the lab scale feasibility of the approach in delivering the probiotic orally for treating hypertension, inflammatory bowel disease, gastric ulcers, diabetes and thrombosis. These findings may provide effective, safe, and less costly alternatives for delivering gNO topical and oral for therapy.
Une nouvelle approche selon laquelle on peut utiliser des bactéries probiotiques dans le but de la thérapie topique et de la thérapie par voie orale est présentée. Plus précisément, une modalité de traitement, utilisant des probiotiques à activité enzymatique produisant de l'oxyde nitrique gazeux (NOg) pour la cicatrisation des plaies, ainsi que comme thérapies antimicrobiennes, cosmétiques et dermatologiques, est présenté. Dans un autre aspect, une modalité de traitements probiotiques pour les maladies métaboliques et les syndromes métaboliques en utilisant du nitrate réductase (NiR) bactéries probiotiques actives est explorée. En accord à ces exigences, plusieurs méthodes in vitro sont conçus et discutés dans le présent rapport. Pour certaines de ces études l'utilisation de micro capsules d'alginate est explorée également. Les résultats montrent que les correctifs probiotiques peuvent être utilisés pour la production de NOg au-dessus des niveaux thérapeutiques et pour des durées thérapeutiques et que les patches de NOg-producteurs de probiotiques sont très bactériostatiques, bactéricide et fongicide. Les résultats montrent que les nouvelles patches de NOg producteurs de probiotiques peuvent être utilisés pour améliorer la cicatrisation et augmenter la probabilité de fermeture de la plaie dans les plaies de pleine épaisseur ischémique et infectés par voie cutanée dans un modèle néo-zélandais White Rabbit et que l'application quotidienne des patches est sécuritaire en proportion avec le poids du corps, la morphologie du sang, l'hématologie, biochimie sanguine, et les niveaux de méthémoglobine. En outre, les résultats montrent que les nouvelles NiR-bactéries probiotiques actives peuvent être sélectionnés pour la nitrate réductase (NiR) l'activité in vitro, et peut être micro encapsulées ou remis gratuitement dans des conditions simulées GI, et en présence de diverses matrices alimentaires, tout en maintenant l'activité NiR, confirmant ainsi la faisabilité échelle du laboratoire de l'approche dans la réalisation des probiotiques par voie orale pour le traitement de l'hypertension, les maladies inflammatoires de l'intestin, les ulcères gastriques, le diabète et la thrombose. Ces résultats peuvent s'avérer efficaces, sûrs, et des solutions moins coûteuses pour offrir NOg topiques et oraux pour le traitement.
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Fjellheim, Anders Jon. "Selection and administration of probiotic bacteria to marine fish larvae." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Biology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-2217.

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Ramiah, Kamini. "Characterization of the adhesion genes of probiotic lactic acid bacteria." Thesis, Link to the online version, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1090.

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Argin, Sanem. "Microencapsulation of probiotic bacteria in xanthan-chitosan polyelectrolyte complex gels." College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/7826.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2007.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Nutrition and Food Science. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Books on the topic "Probiotic bacteria"

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Koninkx, Jos F. J. G. (Joseph Frans Jan Gerard), 1944-, Marinšek-Logar Romana 1960-, and SpringerLink (Online service), eds. Probiotic Bacteria and Enteric Infections: Cytoprotection by Probiotic Bacteria. Dordrecht: Springer Science+Business Media B.V., 2011.

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Malago, J. J., J. F. J. G. Koninkx, and R. Marinsek-Logar, eds. Probiotic Bacteria and Enteric Infections. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0386-5.

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Dixit, Sameer M., and Kasipathy Kailasapathy. Antagonistic activity and interaction of probiotic bacteria with intestinal microbiota. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2012.

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Probiotic bacteria and their effect on human health and well-being. Basel: Karger, 2013.

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Mojgani, Naheed, and Maryam Dadar, eds. Probiotic Bacteria and Postbiotic Metabolites: Role in Animal and Human Health. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-16-0223-8.

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National Institute of Cholera & Enteric Diseases (India) and Indian Council of Medical Research, eds. Probiotic foods in health and disease. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, 2011.

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McLean, K. A. The primary evaluation of commercially available probiotic bacteria and their subsequent application in pig production. Newport: Harper Adams Agricultural College, 1990.

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Maheshwari, Dinesh K., ed. Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Probiotics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-27515-9.

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Maheshwari, Dinesh K. Bacteria in Agrobiology: Plant Probiotics. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012.

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Weber, G. Protecting your health with probiotics: The "friendly" bacteria. Green Bay, WI: IMPAKT Communications, 2001.

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Book chapters on the topic "Probiotic bacteria"

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Mutukumira, Anthony N., Jolyn Ang, and Sung Je Lee. "Microencapsulation of Probiotic Bacteria." In Beneficial Microorganisms in Food and Nutraceuticals, 63–80. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-23177-8_3.

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O’Flaherty, Sarah, Yong Jun Goh, and Todd R. Klaenhammer. "Genomics of Probiotic Bacteria." In Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology, 681–723. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79058-9_17.

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Muller, J. A., R. P. Ross, G. F. Fitzgerald, and C. Stanton. "Manufacture of Probiotic Bacteria." In Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology, 725–59. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79058-9_18.

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Ouwehand, Arthur C. "Probiotic Dose-Response and Strain Number." In Lactic Acid Bacteria, 15–34. Boca Raton : CRC Press, Taylor & Francis Group, [2020]: CRC Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429422591-2.

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Felis, G. E., S. Torriani, A. B. Flórez, and B. Mayo. "Genomic Characterisation of Starter Cultures and Probiotic Bacteria." In Probiotic Dairy Products, 37–65. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119214137.ch3.

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Christensen, Katrine V., Maria G. Morch, Tine H. Morthorst, Simon Lykkemark, and Anders Olsen. "Microbiota, Probiotic Bacteria and Ageing." In Healthy Ageing and Longevity, 411–29. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-44703-2_18.

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Reid, Gregor. "Urogenital Applications of Probiotic Bacteria." In Prebiotics and Probiotics Science and Technology, 1049–65. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-79058-9_27.

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Siciliano, Rosa Anna, and Maria Fiorella Mazzeo. "Proteomics for Studying Probiotic Traits." In Biotechnology of Lactic Acid Bacteria, 159–69. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781118868386.ch10.

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Linares, D. M., G. Fitzgerald, C. Hill, C. Stanton, and P. Ross. "Production of Vitamins, Exopolysaccharides and Bacteriocins by Probiotic Bacteria." In Probiotic Dairy Products, 359–88. Chichester, UK: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781119214137.ch9.

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Caramia, Giuseppe, and Stefania Silvi. "Probiotics: From the Ancient Wisdom to the Actual Therapeutical and Nutraceutical Perspective." In Probiotic Bacteria and Enteric Infections, 3–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-0386-5_1.

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Conference papers on the topic "Probiotic bacteria"

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John, Nayomi, and K. Saumya. "Health benefits of probiotic bacteria." In INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY OF ADVANCED MATERIALS: STAM 20. AIP Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0016829.

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"Control of Cryptosporidiosis by Probiotic Bacteria." In International Conference on Agricultural, Ecological and Medical Sciences. International Institute of Chemical, Biological & Environmental Engineering, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15242/iicbe.c0415017.

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Snevajsova, P., J. Vytrasova, and J. Remesova. "Effect of oxidized cellulose on probiotic bacteria." In Proceedings of the III International Conference on Environmental, Industrial and Applied Microbiology (BioMicroWorld2009). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814322119_0068.

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M.A., Khidirova, Khushvaktov E.M., Mamatraimova M.M., Tuychiyev K.S., Chistyakov V.A., Pepoyan A.Z., and Miralimova Sh.M. "BIOENCAPSULATION OF PROBIOTIC BACTERIA IN BLACK SOLDIER (HERMETIA ILLUCENS) LARWAE." In II INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE "DEVELOPMENT AND MODERN PROBLEMS OF AQUACULTURE" ("AQUACULTURE 2022" CONFERENCE). DSTU-Print, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.23947/aquaculture.2022.160-164.

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The encapsulation capacity of the larvae of Hermetia illucens was investigated in the study. Determined the optimal dosage and time of administration of a multicomponent probiotic composition consisting of lactobacilli. The hatched larvae of Hermetia illucens were incubated with the addition of 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.4%, and 0.8% of the probiotic preparation at the beginning of the incubation and during the last 3 days of incubation. The most effective accumulation of lactobacilli was observed when 0.4% of the preparation was added to the feed during the last two days of cultivation. The largest number of lactobacilli achieved in the intestine of one larva was 2-6x106 CFU.
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Milentyeva, Irina, Anastasiya Fedorova, and Yu A. Erofeeva. "RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT OF PROBIOTIC SUPPLEMENTS BASED ON METABOLITES OF BIFIDOBACTERIUM AND LACTOBACILLUS BACTERIA." In I International Congress “The Latest Achievements of Medicine, Healthcare, and Health-Saving Technologies”. Kemerovo State University, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/-i-ic-89.

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Gou, Jingxuan, Wenbin Dong, and Qiao Zeng. "Isolation and identification of probiotic lactic acid bacteria from pickles." In 2011 International Conference on Human Health and Biomedical Engineering (HHBE). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/hhbe.2011.6028979.

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Krauss-Etschmann, Susanne, Inge Kepert, Kerstin Hochwind, Anton Hartmann, Juliano Fonseca, and Philippe Schmitt-Kopplin. "Detection Of Th2 Counteracting Activity In Supernatants From Probiotic Bacteria." In American Thoracic Society 2011 International Conference, May 13-18, 2011 • Denver Colorado. American Thoracic Society, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2011.183.1_meetingabstracts.a2832.

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Duran, Nizami. "New Approaches to the Treatment of Drug-Resistant Bacteria." In The 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2022.iii.10.

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Today, the treatment of infectious diseases is getting more difficult every day due to increasing drug resistance against microorganisms. In order to overcome the increasing drug resistance globally, a wide variety of studies are carried out on probiotic microorganisms. In this study, we aimed to investigate the synergistic activities of the bioactive components of L. casei and S. thermophilus probiotic microorganisms against ESBL-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae strains against these two microorganisms. The non-toxic concentrations of L. casei and S. thermophilus bioactive components in Vero cell culture were determined. Antibacterial activities against ESBL-positive E. coli and K. pneumoniae at determined non-toxic concentrations were evaluated by studying MIC and MBC concentrations. Firstly, non-cytotoxic concentrations of bioactive metabolites of S. thermophilus and L. casei were determined on Vero cells. It has been determined that the bioactive metabolites of both S. thermophilus and L. casei cause toxicity of <32 µg/ml. For this reason, studies have been studied at levels lower than this concentration for antimicrobial efficacy studies. Antimicrobial activities of L. casei and S. thermophilus alone and in combination against E. coli were given. Here, it was determined that the activities of probiotic microorganisms created a synergistic effect when used in combination. It was determined that the activities of L. casei and S. thermophilus, when used in combination, had a synergistic effect against K. pneumoniae. In this study, where we aimed to produce a new and effective drug/solution in the treatment of wounds infected with drug-resistant bacteria (E. coli and K. pneumoniae), which are very difficult to treat, our findings may be hopeful.
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Eglite, Sabine, Aija Ilgaza, and Maksims Zolovs. "The probiotic mixture X feeding effect on the growth and development of broiler chicken digestive tract." In Research for Rural Development 2022 : annual 28th international scientific conference proceedings. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/rrd.28.2022.019.

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The issue of antibiotic resistance has become more pressing in the last decades. Therefore, substitutes for antibiotics are being sought. The aim of our study was to evaluate the effect of the mixture x of lactic acid bacteria on development of the broiler chicken digestive tract and the growth. The study was organised in three trials. In each trial, 260 one day old Ross 308 broiler chicks (males and females) were obtained from a commercial hatchery. They were randomly divided in two groups – the control group and the probiotic group. The dietary treatment was basal diet for the control group and basal diet + the mixture X of lactic acid bacteria 4 g 10 kg-1 for the probiotic group. Broilers were raised till day 35. All broilers were weighted on the day 1, 7, 14, 21, 28, 35 and 10 birds per treatment were randomly selected and killed by cervical dislocation. The gastrointestinal tract was excised (proventriculus, gizzard, intestines) and weighed with content. Overall, this study achieved significant results of the body weight results in the probiotic and the control groups, 2,835.7g ±161.74 and 2,828.02±115.64, respectively. The body weight of chickens and their gastrointestinal tract parts (proventriculus, gizzard, intestines) did not differ between the probiotic and control groups (p > 0.05).
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Krishna, B. Gopal, M. Jagannadha Rao, B. Nalinikant, D. K. Golhani, and S. A. H. Zaidi. "GeO2/SiO2 matrix biosensor for detection of probiotic bacteria L. plantarum." In TENCON 2016 - 2016 IEEE Region 10 Conference. IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tencon.2016.7848586.

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Reports on the topic "Probiotic bacteria"

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Shapira, Roni, Judith Grizzle, Nachman Paster, Mark Pines, and Chamindrani Mendis-Handagama. Novel Approach to Mycotoxin Detoxification in Farm Animals Using Probiotics Added to Feed Stuffs. United States Department of Agriculture, May 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7592115.bard.

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T-2 toxin, a toxic product belongs to the trichothecene mycotoxins, attracts major interest because of its severe detrimental effects on the health of human and farm animals. The occurrence of trichothecenes contamination is global and they are very resistant to physical or chemical detoxification techniques. Trichothecenes are absorbed in the small intestine into the blood stream. The hypothesis of this project was to develop a protecting system using probiotic bacteria that will express trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase (Tri101) that convert T-2 to a less toxic intermediate to reduce ingested levels in-situ. The major obstacle that we had faced during the project is the absence of stable and efficient expression vectors in probiotics. Most of the project period was invested to screen and isolate strong promoter to express high amounts of the detoxify enzyme on one hand and to stabilize the expression vector on the other hand. In order to estimate the detoxification capacity of the isolated promoters we had developed two very sensitive bioassays.The first system was based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Human liver cells proliferation was used as the second bioassay system.Using both systems we were able to prove actual detoxification on living cells by probiotic bacteria expressing Tri101. The first step was the isolation of already discovered strong promoters from lactic acid bacteria, cloning them downstream the Tri101 gene and transformed vectors to E. coli, a lactic acid bacteria strain Lactococcuslactis MG1363, and a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei. All plasmid constructs transformed to L. casei were unstable. The promoter designated lacA found to be the most efficient in reducing T-2 from the growth media of E. coli and L. lactis. A prompter library was generated from L. casei in order to isolate authentic probiotic promoters. Seven promoters were isolated, cloned downstream Tri101, transformed to bacteria and their detoxification capability was compared. One of those prompters, designated P201 showed a relatively high efficiency in detoxification. Sequence analysis of the promoter region of P201 and another promoter, P41, revealed the consensus region recognized by the sigma factor. We further attempted to isolate an inducible, strong promoter by comparing the protein profiles of L. casei grown in the presence of 0.3% bile salt (mimicking intestine conditions). Six spots that were consistently overexpressed in the presence of bile salts were isolated and identified. Their promoter reigns are now under investigation and characterization.
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Zhou, Ting, Roni Shapira, Peter Pauls, Nachman Paster, and Mark Pines. Biological Detoxification of the Mycotoxin Deoxynivalenol (DON) to Improve Safety of Animal Feed and Food. United States Department of Agriculture, July 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7613885.bard.

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The trichothecene deoxynivalenol (DON, vomitoxin), one of the most common mycotoxin contaminants of grains, is produced by members of the Fusarium genus. DON poses a health risk to consumers and impairs livestock performance because it causes feed refusal, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, hemolytic effects and cellular injury. The occurrence of trichothecenes contamination is global and they are very resistant to physical or chemical detoxification techniques. Trichothecenes are absorbed in the small intestine into the blood stream. The overall objective of this project was to develop a protecting system using probiotic bacteria that will express trichothecene 3-O-acetyltransferase (Tri101) that convert T-2 to a less toxic intermediate to reduce ingested levels in-situ. The major obstacle that we had faced during the project is the absence of stable and efficient expression vectors in probiotics. Most of the project period was invested to screen and isolate strong promoter to express high amounts of the detoxify enzyme on one hand and to stabilize the expression vector on the other hand. In order to estimate the detoxification capacity of the isolated promoters we had developed two very sensitive bioassays.The first system was based on Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells expressing the green fluorescent protein (GFP). Human liver cells proliferation was used as the second bioassay system.Using both systems we were able to prove actual detoxification on living cells by probiotic bacteria expressing Tri101. The first step was the isolation of already discovered strong promoters from lactic acid bacteria, cloning them downstream the Tri101 gene and transformed vectors to E. coli, a lactic acid bacteria strain Lactococcuslactis MG1363, and a probiotic strain of Lactobacillus casei. All plasmid constructs transformed to L. casei were unstable. The promoter designated lacA found to be the most efficient in reducing T-2 from the growth media of E. coli and L. lactis. A prompter library was generated from L. casei in order to isolate authentic probiotic promoters. Seven promoters were isolated, cloned downstream Tri101, transformed to bacteria and their detoxification capability was compared. One of those prompters, designated P201 showed a relatively high efficiency in detoxification. Sequence analysis of the promoter region of P201 and another promoter, P41, revealed the consensus region recognized by the sigma factor. We further attempted to isolate an inducible, strong promoter by comparing the protein profiles of L. casei grown in the presence of 0.3% bile salt (mimicking intestine conditions). Six spots that were consistently overexpressed in the presence of bile salts were isolated and identified. Their promoter reigns are now under investigation and characterization.
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Marián, Maďar. Review of Oral Probiotics and the Methods Useful in Study of Dental Biofilms and for Selection of Potential Beneficial Bacteria and Their Products for Development of Oral Probiotic. Science Repository OÜ, January 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.31487/j.dobcr.2019.01.001.

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Weinberg, Zwi G., Adegbola Adesogan, Itzhak Mizrahi, Shlomo Sela, Kwnag Jeong, and Diwakar Vyas. effect of selected lactic acid bacteria on the microbial composition and on the survival of pathogens in the rumen in context with their probiotic effects on ruminants. United States Department of Agriculture, January 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2014.7598162.bard.

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This research project was performed in context of the apparent probiotic effect of selected lactic acid bacteria (LAB) silage inoculants on the performance of ruminants (improved feed intake, faster live-weight gain, higher milk yields and improved feed efficiency). The overall objective was to find out how LAB affect ruminant performance. The project included several “chapters” as follows: 1. The effect of LAB silage inoculants on the survival of detrimental bacteria in rumen fluid, in vitro study (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). An in vitro model was developed to study the interaction between selected LAB and an E. coli strain tagged with green fluorescence protein (GFP) in buffered RF. Results indicated that both LAB inoculants and E. coli survived in the RF for several days; both LAB inoculants and LAB-treated silages did not affect survival of E. coli in rumen fluid in vitro. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the performance of high-lactating cows (Weinberg et al., The Volcani Center). Treatments included control (no additive), Lacobacillusbuchneri40788 (LB), Lactobacillus plantarumMTD1 40027 (LP) and Pediococcuspentosaceus30168 (PP), each applied at 10⁶ cfu/g FM. The silages were included in the TMR of 32 high milking Holstein cows in a controlled feeding experiment. All baled silages were of good quality. The LB silage had the numerically highest acetic acid and were the most stable upon aerobic exposure. The cows fed the LB silages had the highest daily milk yields, percent milk fat and protein. The microbiome of baled wheat silages and changes during ensiling of wheat and corn (Sela et al., The Volcani Center). Bacterial community of the baled silages was dominated mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Lactobacillus and Clostridium_sensu_stricto_12 with 300 other genera at very low abundance. Fungal community was composed mainly of two genera in total, dominated by Candida and Monascuswith 20 other genera at very low abundance. In addition, changes in the microbiome during ensiling of wheat and corn with and without addition of L. plantarumMTD1 was studied in mini-silos. Overall 236 bacterial genera were identified in the fresh corn but after 3 months Lactobacillus outnumbered all other species by acquiring 95% of relative abundance. The wheat silage samples are still under analysis. The effect of applying LAB inoculants at ensiling on survival of E. coli O157:H7 in alfalfa and corn silages(Adesogan et al., University of Florida). E. coli (10⁵ cfu/g) was applied to fresh alfalfa and corn at ensiling with or without L. plantarumor L. buchneri. The pathogen was added again after about 3 moths at the beginning of an aerobic exposure period. The inoculants resulted in faster decrease in pH as compared with the control (no additives) or E. coli alone and therefore, the pathogen was eliminated faster from these silages. After aerobic exposure the pathogen was not detected in the LAB treated silages, whereas it was still present in the E. coli alone samples. 5. The effect of feeding corn silage treated with or without L. buchnerion shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by dairy cows (Adesogan et al., UFL). BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 2 of 12 Five hundred cows from the dairy herd of the University of Florida were screened for E. coli shedding, out of which 14 low and 13 high shedders were selected. These cows were fed a total mixed ration (TMR) which was inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 for 21 days. The TMR included corn silage treated with or without L. buchneri. The inoculated silages were more stable upon aerobic exposure than the control silages; the silage inoculant had no significant effect on any milk or cow blood parameters. However, the silage inoculant tended to reduce shedding of E. coli regardless of high or low shedders (p = 0.06). 6. The effect of feeding baled wheat silages treated with or without three selected LAB silage inoculants on the rumen microbiome (Mizrahi et al., BGU). Rumen fluid was sampled throughout the feeding experiment in which inoculated wheat silages were included in the rations. Microbial DNA was subsequently purified from each sample and the 16S rRNA was sequenced, thus obtaining an overview of the microbiome and its dynamic changes for each experimental treatment. We observed an increase in OTU richness in the group which received the baled silage inoculated with Lactobacillus Plantarum(LP). In contrast the group fed Lactobacillus buchneri(LB) inoculated silage resulted in a significant decrease in richness. Lower OTU richness was recently associated in lactating cows with higher performance (Ben Shabatet al., 2016). No significant clustering could be observed between the different inoculation treatments and the control in non metric multi-dimentional scaling, suggesting that the effect of the treatments is not the result of an overall modulation of the microbiome composition but possibly the result of more discrete interactions. Significant phylum level changes in composition also indicates that no broad changes in taxa identity and composition occurred under any treatment A more discrete modulation could be observed in the fold change of several taxonomic groups (genus level analysis), unique to each treatment, before and after the treatment. Of particular interest is the LB treated group, in which several taxa significantly decreased in abundance. BARD Report - Project 4704 Page 3 of 12
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Weinberg, Zwi G., Richard E. Muck, Nathan Gollop, Gilad Ashbell, Paul J. Weimer, and Limin Kung, Jr. effect of lactic acid bacteria silage inoculants on the ruminal ecosystem, fiber digestibility and animal performance. United States Department of Agriculture, September 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2003.7587222.bard.

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Abstract:
The overall objective of the whole research was to elucidate the mechanisms by which LAB silage inoculants enhance ruminant performance. The results generated will permit the development of better silage inoculants that maximize both silage preservation and animal performance. For this one-year BARD feasibility study, the objectives were to: 1. determine whether lactic acid bacteria (LAB) used in inoculants for silage can survive in rumen fluid (RF) 2.select the inoculants that survived best, and 3. test whether LAB silage inoculants produce bacteriocins-like substances. The most promising strains will be used in the next steps of the research. Silage inoculants containing LAB are used in order to improve forage preservation efficiency. In addition, silage inoculants enhance animal performance in many cases. This includes improvements in feed intake, liveweight gain and milk production in 25-40% of studies reviewed. The cause for the improvement in animal performance is not clear but appears to be other than direct effect of LAB inoculants on silage fermentation. Results from various studies suggest a possible probiotic effect. Our hypothesis is that specific LAB strains interact with rumen microorganisms which results in enhanced rumen functionality and animal performance. The first step of the research is to determine whether LAB of silage inoculants survive in RF. Silage inoculants (12 in the U.S. and 10 in Israel) were added to clarified and strained RF. Inoculation rate was 10 ⁶ (clarified RF), 10⁷ (strained RF) (in the U.S.) and 10⁷, 10⁸ CFU ml⁻¹ in Israel (strained RF). The inoculated RF was incubated for 72 and 96 h at 39°C, with and without 5 g 1⁻¹ glucose. Changes in pH, LAB numbers and fermentation products were monitored throughout the incubation period. The results indicated that LAB silage inoculants can survive in RF. The inoculants with the highest counts after 72 h incubation in rumen fluid were Lactobacillus plantarum MTD1 and a L. plantarum/P. cerevisiae mixture (USA) and Enterococcus faecium strains and Lactobacillus buchneri (Israel). Incubation of rumen fluid with silage LAB inoculants resulted in higher pH values in most cases as compared with that of un-inoculated controls. The magnitude of the effect varied among inoculants and typically was enhanced with the inoculants that survived best. This might suggest the mode of action of LAB silage inoculants in the rumen as higher pH enhances fibrolytic microorganisms in the rumen. Volatile fatty acid (VFA) concentrations in the inoculated RF tended to be lower than in the control RF after incubation. However, L. plalltarull1 MTDI resulted in the highest concentrations of VFA in the RF relative to other inoculants. The implication of this result is not as yet clear. In previous research by others, feeding silages which were inoculated with this strain consistently enhanced animal performance. These finding were recently published in Weinberg et.al.. (2003), J. of Applied Microbiology 94:1066-1071 and in Weinberg et al.. (2003), Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology (accepted). In addition, some strains in our studies have shown bacteriocins like activity. These included Pediococcus pentosaceus, Enterococcus faecium and Lactobacillus plantarum Mill 1. These results will enable us to continue the research with the LAB strains that survived best in the rumen fluid and have the highest potential to affect the rumen environment.
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Tarabukina, N. P. PROSPECTS FOR USING PROBIOTICS FROM STRAINS BACILLUS SUBTILIS BACTERIA IN AGRICULTURE, MEDICINE AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION. Yakut State Agricultural Academy, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-6042744-2-2-274-275.

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7

Skriabina, M. P., A. M. Stepanova, S. I. Parnikova, and N. A. Oboeva. Probiotic fermented milk product based on bacterial strains Bacillus subtillis from secondary raw milk for young cattle cattle. СФНЦА РАН, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/978-5-6041597-2018-202-203.

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8

Probiotics can prevent bacterial diarrhoea in hospital patients receiving antibiotics. National Institute for Health Research, May 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3310/signal-00589.

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