Academic literature on the topic 'Probationary period'
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Journal articles on the topic "Probationary period"
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Johan, Suwinto. "Implementation of Working Agreement with Probationary Period in Financial Industry According to Labor Law." SASI 28, no. 1 (April 14, 2022): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.47268/sasi.v28i1.709.
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Introduction: This study looks at how to implement a three-month probationary period for probationary employees.Purposes of the Research: The purpose of this study is to examine the working interaction between employees and employers in the financial industry during a employment agreement with a probationary period.Methods of the Research: This study employs a normative legal research approach.Results of the Research: The findings of this study show that a three-month probationary period is insufficient for evaluating a worker's performance. The extension of a probationary period for a worker is prohibited by law. Companies must look for new ways to appraise employee. Probationary periods are more suited to non-management positions than to managerial positions. For managerial level, the probationary term is more than three months. The level of directors is not regulated under labor laws. Labor law does not need to govern work agreements for workers at the managerial level. The parties' agreement can be regulated by the civil law.
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Smit, Paul, and Joaquin Grobler. "Dismissal during Probationary Period of Employment in South Africa: An International Perspective." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 29, no. 4 (November 2021): 479–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2021.0380.
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It is a universally acceptable practice to employ newly hired employees on a probationary period. In general terms the purpose of probation is to give the employer an opportunity to evaluate the employee's performance before confirming the appointment. This in itself seems to be an uncomplicated process; however, the scenario, especially in South Africa, becomes more complicated if an employer wants to terminate an employee's service during the probationary period of employment or terminate the services of an employee at the end of the probationary period. The right to a fair dismissal is well recognised in South African labour law; this right also extends to employees during their probationary period of employment. Convention 158 of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) provides guidelines in respect of the termination of employment, also during the probation period. In this article the ILO's standards with regard to the termination of employment during probation are considered. South Africa was a former colony of the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, in light of this the respective positions on dismissal during the probation period of employment in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom are also analysed. This provided the researcher with an opportunity to determine if South Africa's dismissal regime during the probationary period of employment is in line with some international perspectives and it appears that dismissal during the probationary period of employment in South Africa is out of step with international standards and developments.
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Smit, Paul, and Joaquin Grobler. "Dismissal during Probationary Period of Employment in South Africa: An International Perspective." African Journal of International and Comparative Law 29, no. 4 (November 2021): 479–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/ajicl.2021.0380.
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It is a universally acceptable practice to employ newly hired employees on a probationary period. In general terms the purpose of probation is to give the employer an opportunity to evaluate the employee's performance before confirming the appointment. This in itself seems to be an uncomplicated process; however, the scenario, especially in South Africa, becomes more complicated if an employer wants to terminate an employee's service during the probationary period of employment or terminate the services of an employee at the end of the probationary period. The right to a fair dismissal is well recognised in South African labour law; this right also extends to employees during their probationary period of employment. Convention 158 of the International Labour Organisation (ILO) provides guidelines in respect of the termination of employment, also during the probation period. In this article the ILO's standards with regard to the termination of employment during probation are considered. South Africa was a former colony of the Netherlands and the United Kingdom, in light of this the respective positions on dismissal during the probation period of employment in the Netherlands and the United Kingdom are also analysed. This provided the researcher with an opportunity to determine if South Africa's dismissal regime during the probationary period of employment is in line with some international perspectives and it appears that dismissal during the probationary period of employment in South Africa is out of step with international standards and developments.
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Elliott, Robert H., and Allen L. Peaton. "The Probationary Period in the Selection Process: A Survey of its Use at the State Level." Public Personnel Management 23, no. 1 (March 1994): 47–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009102609402300104.
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This article is written to fill a void in the literature available on the Probationary Period (PP) as a part of the selection process. First, the history, purposes, and importance of the probationary period is discussed. Next, data is analyzed from a survey of the states regarding the uses of the probationary period. Topics discussed include the typical origins, uses, and length of the PP, appeals rights under the PP, and termination rates during the PP at the state level. Comparison of these data with available federal data on the treatment of poor performers is made. Data on the availability of training for supervisors to help them better deal with the PP is analyzed, and, finally, the perceived effectiveness of the PP by state officials is discussed.
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Park, su-keun. "Fixed-Term Contracts of Employment and Probationary Period." Chungnam Law Review 29, no. 4 (November 30, 2018): 41–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33982/clr.2018.11.29.4.41.
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Borofsky, Gerald L., Janet Green, Dominick Burzichelli, and Louis Paludi. "Predicting Terminations for Cause and Failure to Complete Successfully a 90-Day Probationary Period of Employment: Contribution of a Preemployment Screening Inventory." Psychological Reports 77, no. 3 (December 1995): 1031–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2466/pr0.1995.77.3.1031.
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This study examined the relationship between scores on a preemployment screening inventory, terminations for cause, and failure to complete successfully a 90-day probationary period at an East Coast resort hotel (approximately 3,600 employees). Of the 436 seasonal and nonseasonal applicants hired during the study period, 158 were administered the inventory as part of their preemployment processing. Scores were not systematically used in making over-all hiring decisions. Analysis indicated relationships between scores on an inventory designed to assess the likelihood of long-term job commitment, terminations for cause, and failure to complete successfully the 90-day probationary period.
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Spreeuw, Jaap. "The Probationary Period as a Screening Device: The Monopolistic Insurer." Geneva Risk and Insurance Review 30, no. 1 (June 2005): 5–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10836-005-1104-5.
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Sosonsʹka, A. I. "Determination of the probationary period in application of article 75 of the CC of Ukraine." Uzhhorod National University Herald. Series: Law, no. 63 (August 9, 2021): 266–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2307-3322.2021.63.46.
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The article considers the concept, criminal-legal significance, the order of appointment and calculation of the probation period in the application of criminal law on release of a person from the sentence imposed on him by a conviction in accordance with Art. 75, 78 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The views of scholars on determining the beginning of the probationary period, which is appointed by the court in accordance with its discretion, on the basis of Part 3 of Article 75 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine in passing a court conviction and its duration. The issue of the possibility of agreeing on the probation period by the parties to the criminal proceedings when concluding a plea or conciliation agreement is covered separately and the practice of the Criminal Court of Cassation on this issue is presented. The article raises the issue of assigning to a person sentenced to probation a certain range of responsibilities provided for in Art. 76 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine. The case law on determining the duration of the probationary period in the activities of individual courts is studied and opinions on this issue are given. The procedure, grounds and procedure for supervision of persons released from serving a probation sentence on the basis of Art. 75 of the Criminal Code of Ukraine are covered. The powers of the authorized body for probation to prepare a petition to the court to release the convict from the sentence imposed on him in connection with the expiration of the probation period were analyzed. It is proposed to enshrine in law a specific period during which the authorized body would be obliged to submit such a submission to the court. It is proposed to regulate the basic requirements in the legislation when determining the duration of the probationary period.
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Eeckhoudt, L., J. F. Outreville, M. Lauwers, and F. Calcoen. "The Impact of a Probationary Period on the Demand for Insurance." Journal of Risk and Insurance 55, no. 2 (June 1988): 217. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/253324.
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Gathongo, Johana K. "Towards a fair hearing for all employees: A case of probationary employee's in Kenya and the right to be heard prior to dismissal." Obiter 41, no. 3 (January 1, 2021): 555–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/obiter.v41i3.9579.
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An employer may require a newly hired employee to serve a reasonable period of probation to establish whether or not his or her performance is of an acceptable standard before permanently engaging the employee. Even so, the current provisions relating to termination of probationary employees under the Employment Act, 2007 (EA) remains a source of concern. Currently, an employer may terminate the employment of a probationary employee at will and without affording such employee an opportunity to be heard. The status quo has received firm approval by the Employment and Labour Relations Court accentuating that employers are immune from claims of unfair termination of a probationary employee. This article argues that for termination to be considered procedurally fair whether during a probation period or not, it should be preceded by an opportunity for an employee to state a case in response to the charges levelled against him or her. This article highlights that all laws in Kenya, including the EA are subject to the Constitution, particularly article 41(1) of the Constitution which guarantees “every person” the right to fair labour practice. Equally, article 27 of the Constitution states that everyone is equal before the law and has a right to equal protection and benefit of the law. Allowing employers’ the freedom to terminate employment without following due process certainly open up the floodgates for abuse of the primary purpose of probation. The mere fact that a contract of employment is labelled as “probationary contract” should not be used as a licence by employers to erode the constitutionally entrenched labour rights. The primary purpose of any good law is to advance the achievement of equity and fairness at the workplace. This can only be achieved by protecting vulnerable and marginalised employees such as probationary employees who participate in unpredictable forms of employment. This article maintains that prominence should be on the existence of an employment relationship and fair labour practice as opposed to the existence of a conditional contract of employment. The existence of an employment relationship should serve as the main “port of entry” through which all employees access the rights and protection guaranteed by labour legislation.
Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Probationary period"
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Huntly, Helen Eva, and h. huntly@cqu edu au. "Beginning Teachers' Conceptions of Competence." Central Queensland University. Education and Innovation, 2003. http://library-resources.cqu.edu.au./thesis/adt-QCQU/public/adt-QCQU20050512.134448.
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The focus of this study is the phenomenon of beginning teacher competence. In Queensland, the context for the research presented here, the competence of beginning teachers is appraised by their supervisor (usually the principal) at the end of their first year of full-time employment. This appraisal is conducted on behalf of the Queensland Board of Teacher Registration and a positive outcome enables beginning teachers to achieve full teacher registration. Although there exists research suggesting that principals bring to the appraisal process their conceptions of competence, there is a dearth of knowledge about beginning teachers' conceptions of their own teaching competence. The research presented here adds to the debate about competence by including the voice of the beginning teacher. This focus, located within the context of local issues, is used to explore important themes that are relevant to other systems of beginning teacher appraisal.
The selection of phenomenography as the research approach adopted for this study is based on its appropriateness to the investigation of a phenomenon such as competence. Phenomenography aims to describe, analyse and understand the ways in which people experience aspects of the world around them. The point of departure that sets apart this approach from many others, is the principle that phenomenography seeks to investigate neither the phenomenon, nor the people who experience the phenomenon, but the relation between the two. The results of a phenomenographic study are presented as a description of all of the possible conceptions that a specific group can have about a particular phenomenon.
For the research presented here, eighteen beginning teachers were interviewed individually in order to identify and describe the variation in their conceptions of competence. Research participants representing State, Catholic and Independent school systems were drawn from preschools, special, primary and secondary schools of one provincial city, in one regional area of South East Queensland.
Two major outcomes emerged from the research presented here. Firstly, beginning teachers were identified as experiencing competence in a number of ways. Although these conceptions were varied, their number was quite limited. Six distinct conceptions of beginning teacher competence were identified, with a further finding that individual beginning teachers were not limited to one conception, but conceived of competence in multiple ways.
Because the relational nature of competence demands that it be investigated within the context in which it is experienced, this study also identified five different approaches to competence appraisal, as understood by the beginning teachers who had undergone the appraisal process. Comparisons of both conceptions of competence and approaches to appraisal were then compared to existing research in this area.
This thesis presents an alternative view of competence and appraisal that may be used to further develop the process of appraisal and indeed, the professional development of beginning teachers.
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LUZ, Luciana Cristina Silva da. "Um estudo de caso sobre a efetividade da avaliação do Estágio Probatório na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco." Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, 2016. https://repositorio.ufpe.br/handle/123456789/20009.
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Submitted by Fabio Sobreira Campos da Costa (fabio.sobreira@ufpe.br) on 2017-07-25T13:07:34Z
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Que fatores explicam a percepção da efetividade da avaliação do estágio probatório? Nosso principal objetivo é identificar que fatores explicam esta percepção a partir de um estudo de caso com servidores técnico-administrativos na Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Testamos a hipótese de que fatores contextuais são mais importantes do que variáveis pessoais. Metodologicamente, adotou-se uma perspectiva multimétodo, combinando estudo de caso, observação não participante, análise documental, estatística descritiva e multivariada. Os dados foram coletados através de um survey realizado com 550 participantes e as respostas foram submetidas à análise fatorial confirmatória que identificou quatro dimensões (Efetividade da Avaliação do Estágio Probatório, Suporte da Instituição, Ação Gerencial e Valorização do Estágio Probatório enquanto Avaliação). Em seguida, utilizou-se a regressão linear múltipla para mensurar o efeito das dimensões sobre a percepção da Efetividade da Avaliação do Estágio Probatório. Os resultados corroboram a hipótese de pesquisa já que fatores contextuais exercem maior impacto sobre a percepção da efetividade do que variáveis pessoais. Comparativamente, o Suporte da Instituição foi a dimensão que produziu maior efeito. Com este trabalho espera-se incentivar uma reflexão sistemática sobre o sistema de avaliação do estágio probatório e fornecer subsídios para elaboração de políticas especialmente voltadas para melhorar a qualidade da burocracia no Brasil.
What factors explain the perception of the effectiveness of the probationary period rating? Our main goal is to identify what factors explain this perception through a case study with technical administrative employees of the Federal University of Pernambuco. We test the hypothesis that contextual factors are more important than personal variables. Methodologically, we adopted a multi-method approach, combining case study, non participative observation, document analysis and descriptive and multivariate statistics. Data was gathered from a survey carried out with 550 participants and the answers were submitted to confirmatory factor analysis which identified four dimensions (Effectiveness of the Probationary Period Rating System, Institutional Support, Management Action and Recognition of the Probatory Period as Evaluation). Then, we applied linear multiple regression to estimate the effect of these three different dimensions on the perception of the Effectiveness of the Probationary Period Rating System. The results support the research hypothesis since contextual factors exert greater impact than personal variables. Moreover, Institutional Support was the dimension that yielded highest effect. By doing this study, we expect to contribute to encourage systematic reflection on the probationary rating system and to provide input for the elaboration of public policies particularly committed to improve bureaucratic quality in Brazil.
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Carneiro, Suely Oliveira. "Opini?es sobre est?gio curricular e pr?tica de ensino na licenciatura em qu?mica: o caso do CEFET-PB." Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16044.
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Previous issue date: 2008-07-30The Brazilian legal documents are directing the reformulation of the courses that prepare students to be teachers. Through out the country many institutions look for to fit themselves in such documents. On the other hand, other IES (Superior Education Institutions), when they are setting up such courses they looked for to be adequate to the new public politics. Based on the National Curricular Norms to form teachers for Basic Education, in tertiary level, in 2004 it was created at the CEFET-PB,the Chemistry Course (Licenciatura) to prepare people to be teachers, whose organization. This work presents the results of a research of phenomenological nature that aimed to comprehend the teachers opinions, in the range of discussions about the current politics of formation, particularly related to the CNE/CP 1 and CNE/CP 2/2002 resolutions. This work based on the curricular proposal for the Chemistry Course (Licenciatura), presents the relationship between the probationary period and the teaching practice at the CEFET-PB, in order to contribute for a reflection about these categories to clarify the teachers of the course. It started from the consideration of all changes operated in contemporary society implies changes on teacher's pedagogical practices. It was used tow instruments for the data collection: a questionnaire with open and closed questions and recordable interviews. Nine teachers form the CEFET-PB took apart and four licensed teachers. It was based in a theoretic frame as a support for discussions about the different models of teachers formation. We concluded that the representations of teachers about probationary period the practice on the activity for the teachers formation was strongly anchored in characteristic elements of the formative tendency of a institution that historically acted on a technician formation, and the results pointed to strong signs of attitudes based on a model of the technical rationality
Os documentos legais brasileiros est?o orientando a reformula??o dos cursos de forma??o de professores. Em todo o pa?s muitas institui??es procuram se adequar a tais documentos. Outras Institui??es de Ensino Superior IES j? na implanta??o dos cursos procuravam se adequar ?s novas pol?ticas p?blicas. Com base nas Diretrizes Curriculares Nacionais, para a forma??o de professores da Educa??o B?sica, em n?vel superior, cria-se em 2004 o Curso de Licenciatura em Qu?mica no CEFET-PB, cuja organiza??o curricular atende as solicita??es dos documentos legais. Este trabalho apresenta os resultados de uma pesquisa de natureza fenomenol?gica que visou compreender as opini?es de professores, no ?mbito das discuss?es sobre as atuais pol?ticas de forma??o, particularmente as relativas ?s resolu??es CNE/CP 1 e CNE/CP 2/2002. Ap?ia-se na proposta curricular para o curso de Licenciatura em Qu?mica, apresenta a quest?o da rela??o entre o est?gio e a pr?tica de ensino no CEFET-PB, a fim de contribuir acerca de uma reflex?o sobre estas categorias para esclarecer os professores formadores. Partiu da considera??o de que as mudan?as operadas na sociedade contempor?nea implicam mudan?as nas pr?ticas dos professores. A coleta de dados contou com dois instrumentos: um question?rio com quest?es fechadas e abertas e entrevistas gravadas. Participaram 9 professores do CEFET-PB e 4 licenciandos. Fundamentou-se em um quadro te?rico como suporte para as discuss?es sobre os diferentes modelos de forma??o docente. Conclu?mos que as representa??es de professores sobre est?gio e pr?tica de ensino como eixo articulador entre teoria e pr?tica na atividade de forma??o docente est? fortemente ancorada em elementos caracter?sticos da tend?ncia formativa de uma institui??o que historicamente atuava na forma??o de t?cnicos, e os resultados apontam para fortes ind?cios de atitudes baseadas no modelo da racionalidade t?cnica
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Nicoletti, Rosani Bittencourt. "O acompanhamento do estágio probatório como espaço de memória e aprendizagem : um estudo com servidores técnico-administrativos em educação da UFRGS." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/117937.
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Esta investigação trata de um estudo de caso, de abordagem qualitativa, realizada com os servidores técnico-administrativos em educação da Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), localizada no sul do Brasil, no período de 2006 a 2013. Apresenta como tema “Espaço de Memória da Aprendizagem do Acompanhamento do Estágio Probatório - um estudo com servidores técnico-administrativos em educação da UFRGS”, o qual se insere na linha de pesquisa Memória e Gestão Cultural, do Mestrado Profissional Memória Social e Bens Culturais. Mediante a renovação do quadro funcional da UFRGS e situações de conflitos geradas pelos diferentes tipos de conhecimentos, teve-se como objetivo analisar a Prática de Acompanhamento de Estágio Probatório da UFRGS, a fim de identificar como os servidores técnico-administrativos em Educação percebem suas aprendizagens no âmbito individual e coletivo. A metodologia empregada consistiu em uma coleta de dados por meio de pesquisa documental, entrevistas individuais semiestruturadas e diário de campo. A análise foi realizada com base nas experiências de aprendizagens dos servidores TAEs em situações formais e informais, no ciclo de aprendizagem de Argyris; Schön (1996), no processo de criação do conhecimento e no espaço de memória organizacional, esta análise permitiu identificar que estes servidores TAEs, no período de 2006 a 2013 utilizaram seus diferentes conhecimentos oportunizando novas aprendizagens. Porém, verificou-se que esta realidade pode ser diferente em outras práticas organizacionais na mesma instituição, uma vez que, esta conta com uma grande extensão de área e com uma diversidade de equipes e setores.This research is a case-study of qualitative approach, it took place with a group of technical-administrative civil servants of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, between 2006 and 2013, having as it’s theme “The Accompaniment of the Probationary Period as Learning and Memory Space”, which is inserted in the research line Memory and Cultural Management, of the Social Memory and Cultural Assets master’s degree. Upon the institution’s staff renewal and verification of cases of conflict arousal from different types of knowledge, the research aimed to analyze the Accompaniment of the Probationary Period Practice in order to identify how staff of a Federal Institution of higher education, located in the southern region of Brazil perceive their learning collective and individually. The methodology use consisted in data collection from a document-based research, semi-structured individual interviews and field journal. The analysis was based on the experiences of learning from technical-administrative civil servants through: formal and informal situations, the Argyris & Schön (1996) learning cycle, the knowledge creation process and the organizational memory space. This analysis have enabled identifying that between 2006 and 2013 these servants used their different types of knowledge, providing opportunities new learning for the accompaniment practice of the probationary period. However, it was found that this situation might be different in other organizational practices of the Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul considering that the research took place in an institution that has a great area extension and big diversity of teams and departments.
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Puntriano, Rosas César Alfredo. "Legal Consequences Derived from the Violation of Exit Labor Stability by the Employer." Derecho & Sociedad, 2017. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/118330.
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After a conceptual overview of the scope of the right to job stability, its relationship with other rights (right to work, right to access to employment, right to maintain employment) and its constitutional, international and legal regulation and the position of jurisprudence, the author goes on to discuss the complex picture presented to the employer before a decision to dismiss both from a legal perspective (compensation, replacement) and case law (damages, replacement) adding a paragraph called “others” the recount administrative consequences arising from said measure both labor (SUNAFIL) and tax (SUNAT) viewpoint.Luego de un breve repaso conceptual de los alcances del derecho a la estabilidad laboral, su relación con otros derechos (derecho al trabajo, derecho de acceso al empleo, derecho a conservar el empleo) y su regulación constitucional, internacional y legal, así como la posición de la jurisprudencia, el autor pasa a comentar el complejo panorama que se presenta al empleador ante una decisión de despido tanto desde la óptica legal (indemnización, reposición) como jurisprudencial (indemnización por daños, reposición) añadiéndose un acápite denominado “otros” para las relatar las consecuencias administrativas que surgen de la indicada medida tanto desde la óptica laboral (SUNAFIL) como tributaria (SUNAT).
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Whisler, Jessica. "Assessing the effects of family leave policy an empirical evaluation of university probationary periods /." Connect to resource, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/6564.
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Thesis (Honors)--Ohio State University, 2006.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages: contains 18 p.; also includes graphics. Available online via Ohio State University's Knowledge Bank.
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Plašil, Jakub. "Rozvázání pracovního poměru ze strany zaměstnavatele." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2014. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201956.
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My dissertation´s topic is termination of employment from employer´s side. It includes determination of possibilities and recommendations how to properly terminate employment with employer without any legal consequences in practice. The basic terms in relation to given topic such as employment, importance of employment contract, its requirements and participants of labor-law relations are defined and described in first part of dissertation. Next part deals with termination of employment methods and compares mutual differences. It also takes reasons leading to termination of employment by employer into account. Practical part of dissertation is aimed at the issue of termination of employment by employer in chosen company. The process evaluation of this termination is performed both from general and company´s point of view in dissertation´s next part. Assessment and evaluation of legal reasons for termination of employment is present in the last part, in which the actual problems of dismissing employees are solved with help of real court decisions.
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Thompson, Robert. "Appraising beginning teachers: Principals' conceptions of competence." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 1998. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/36575/1/36575_Digitised%20Thesis.pdf.
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The focus of this study is the phenomenon of beginning teacher competence. The teacher registration process in the Australian state of Queensland is used as a context for the study with the intention of identifying issues relevant to beginning teacher competence and appraisal. In Queensland, the competence of beginning teachers employed in state and independent schools is appraised by the school principal in the first year of teaching. Accordingly, the research investigates principals' differing conceptions of competence and determines how these impact on the processes used to appraise beginning teachers. Such a focus located within the context of local issues is used to explore important themes that are relevant to other systems of beginning teacher appraisal.
The research represents an innovative approach to the study of beginning teacher competence and appraisal. An approach of this kind is a shift in paradigm from one where evidence of beginning teacher competence is seen as being incorporated in a traditional checklist appraisal system, to one where the intention is to understand competence from the perspective of principals.
The selection of phenomenography as the research approach adopted for this study is based on its 'goodness of fit' and appropriateness to the object of inquiry. Phenomenography aims to describe, analyse and understand the meaningthat people ascribe to the world and how they construe significant phenomena. The central concern of phenomenographers is not with the phenomenon being investigated, nor with the people who are experiencing the phenomenon but the relation between the two. Phenomenography attempts to bring all conceptions of a phenomenon into the light and tries to describe them on equal terms, tries to understand, systematise and order them in relation to each other.
In this study twenty-seven primary school principals were interviewed individually in order to identify the variation in their conceptions of competence and approaches to appraisal. Primary principals from 23 state schools, 1 special school and 3 independent schools of one provincial city and sun-ounds, in one regional area of Central Queensland, participated in the research.
There were three major outcomes that emerged from this study. Firstly, the data shows that principals have different conceptions of what beginning teacher competence is, although, at the same time, it reveals that the number of qualitatively different conceptions is quite limited. Seven distinct conceptions of beginning teacher competence were identified. While all seven conceptions describe the phenomenon of beginning teacher competence, the findings of this study suggest that different principals emphasise some conceptions more than others in making their appraisals.
Secondly, the study identifies five different appraisal approaches that principals report they use in making judgements regarding beginning teacher competence. Principals reveal that they use three incidental approaches to appraisal and collect data 'on the run' based on brief encounters or little incidents. The study argues that the type of results of such incidental encounters often hinges on whether a principal uses an inspectorial or collegial style of appraisal.
Thirdly, it is the contention of the present study that beginning teacher competence has to be understood as a complex, dynamic interplay within and among the different conceptions of competence, approaches to appraisal and the levels of competence principals ascribe to beginning teachers. The thesis presents a relational model of competence that reflects this complex 'picture' of the phenomenon of beginning teacher competence. It is proposed that the model can be used as an alternative framework to think more deeply about the appraisal of beginning teacher competence and how it might be further developed.
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Wang, Ming-Po, and 王銘柏. "A Study of the Disputes Concerning the Probationary Period Covenant in Taiwan." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/qt4x5a.
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碩士國立中興大學
法律學系科技法律碩士班
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Probationary period (Trial period) is an initial period of employment. During the period, supervisor shall consider whether the employee is able to meet the standards or expectations of the job. If employee isn’t able to meet the standards or expectations of the job, supervisor will be easy to terminate the employment in the period. According to the statistics of International Labour Organization (ILO), most of countries in the world have legislations with respect to probationary period. In addition, most of legislation were formulated by statutory law. In Taiwan, probationary period is widely used throughout private and public sectors. It can be valued as an important tool in the initial of employment. However, after 1997, there’s been no explicit statutory regarding to probationary period. At present, solutions of probationary period disputes based on public official opinions and court decisions, which have no uniform criteria. Therefore, reforming and rebuilding the legislation on probationary period is a necessary and important issue in Taiwan. This research was divided into five chapters, which concluded the opinions and decisions of public official and court to the issue of probationary period in the beginning. Then sought for solutions to fix the problems by comparing the legal systems from other countries in the world (especially United States, China and Hong Kong).
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Chang, Hui-An, and 張惠安. "Research on the Legal Theory and Practice of Dismissals during the Probationary Period in Japan." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/5f8bh9.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
科際整合法律學研究所
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Though the legal rules about probationary period has been deleted from the labour code for a couple of years, the agreements of the period is still common in our country, since both employers and employees could have the chance to observe and determine whether they suit each other or not. But here comes the question: do the employers still have to obey the restrictions on dismissal during the period, and how do the restrictions differ from those after the period? In the case of dismissal, our courts tend to determine it without a clear and objective standard, thus lead to an unpredictable conclusion. By analysing the practical judgments of dismissal in Japan, I try to find out some splutions to this problem. First I will figure out how the ‘legal theories on the abuse of dismissal’ developed in Japan throughout the years. By observing the practical applications of this principle in judgements, I try to generalize some conclusions about the cases of dismissal during and after the probationary period and compared them in several ways, in order to figure out the problems mentioned above. Finally, I will conclude these obseravtions, focus especially on the intensity of judicial review in each case, try to propose the amendment for the practical standards of dismissal during probationary period in my state.
Books on the topic "Probationary period"
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Board, United States Merit Systems Protection. The probationary period: A critical assessment opportunity : a report to the President and the Congress of the United States. Washington, DC: U.S. Merit Systems Protection Board, 2005.
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U. S. Government Accountability Offi Gao. Federal Workforce: Improved Supervision and Better Use of Probationary Periods Are Needed to Address Substandard Employee Performance. Independently Published, 2019.
Find full textBook chapters on the topic "Probationary period"
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Fluet, Claude. "Probationary Periods and Time-Dependent Deductibles in Insurance Markets with Adverse Selection." In Contributions to Insurance Economics, 359–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-1168-5_14.
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Gordon, Kimberley, Jill Auten, and Derek Gordon. "Probationary Period." In Advances in Educational Marketing, Administration, and Leadership, 217–32. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-4144-2.ch012.
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The organization's leaders are bestowed with the ability to plan their workforce and are supported in that endeavor by various supporting leaders such as human resource professionals. The attitudes of C-level leaders, high and mid-level leaders, as well as front line leaders directly influence the organization's culture. Probationary periods are an effective and legal means used to fill openings with the most qualified candidates based upon observed merit via demonstrating essential skills, knowledge, and abilities. A robust probationary period is a critical practice that increases a good fit between newcomers and the organization increasing efficiency and producing greater return on investment. Those organizations who leaders forego entry-point training programs are likely to experience a disconnect between worker and role resulting in sustained mediocrity and eventually cease to exist. This chapter walks the reader through the development of the probationary period, case studies, and best practices.
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Neumann, Franz. "The Treatment of Germany." In Secret Reports on Nazi Germany. Princeton University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691134130.003.0025.
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This chapter considers a variety of methods of treating Germany. The main objective of the United Nations in the treatment of Germany is to prevent it from ever again becoming a threat to the security of the world. The problem of securing this objective could be approached through destruction of Germany's industrial potential, destruction of Germany as a political entity, and removal from German society of the causes of aggression. The chapter shows that the first two solutions should be deferred until it is clear that the third alternative proves unworkable. In order to eliminate the causes of aggressiveness in German society, temporary and long-term disabilities should be imposed upon Germany. The chapter also examines the causes of German aggression, the United States' policy toward Germany, short-term measures during the period of military government, conditional measures during the probationary period, and permanent impositions upon Germany.
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Temkin, Sefton D. "Sortie in Charleston: Backlash in Albany." In Creating American Reform Judaism, 62–75. Liverpool University Press, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.3828/liverpool/9781874774457.003.0010.
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This chapter examines Isaac Mayer Wise’s 1850 journey to Charleston. This was in a period which has been described as the golden age of Charleston Jewry. In his Reminiscences, Wise attributes his journey south to the state of his health following the death of his daughter in the previous summer. The Charleston congregation later elected Wise for a probationary term of two years as their minister. Wise’s dealings with Charleston, though far from being the origin or the sole cause of the dissensions surrounding his position in Albany, added to the poison in the atmosphere. In Charleston he unfurled his colours as a reformer without any equivocation, which was grist to the mill of enemies who professed concern for Orthodoxy. By accepting election to the Charleston rabbinate he broke his contract with Albany. By accepting re-election at Albany he broke faith with Charleston, which made its feelings known in Albany.
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McDonnell, Erin Metz. "Recruitment: Clustering Distinctiveness." In Patchwork Leviathan, 26–52. Princeton University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691197364.003.0002.
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This chapter argues that niches are built by “clustering distinctiveness”—drawing together particular types of people who are otherwise rare in the larger environment. First, this requires filtering out the influence of patronage politics, reducing the importance of networks on hiring decisions that leave employees more beholden to their patron than to their position. Second, it requires active selection. Selection entails finding, attracting, and recruiting a rare human resource: people who have motivations, inclinations, practices, and skill sets that provide a foundation for building a rational, impersonal administration oriented towards achieving the organization's goals. In the face of environmental challenges, the chapter highlights the intensive recruitment process of employees across the Ghanaian niches, including selection strategies, probationary periods, and recruiting from already professionalized environments. Those intensive and highly interpersonal recruitment processes create a sense within recruits that they are special and have been chosen—specifically, chosen for particular characteristics like incorruptibility and hard work, which others in the niche also share. Clustering a critical mass of those scarce resources with a shared sense of commonality enables new organizational possibilities, fostering in-group identification, dedication, and enhanced effort, culminating in a subculture of the bureaucratic ethos.
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Muirhead, Andrew T. N. "Dunblane’s Highland Parishes." In Scottish Presbyterianism Re-established, 179–94. Edinburgh University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9781474447386.003.0011.
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Five of Dunblane’s `twelve parishes were ‘highland’ and Gaelic-speaking. Three remained episcopal until at least 1709, but two became Presbyterian in the 1690s. Attempts nationally to put Presbyterian preaching into northern parishes led to several local ministers from the Presbyteries of Stirling and Dunblane being sent for extended periods to northern parishes. Probationers too were targeted especially if Gaelic-speaking when they were not allowed to take southern charges. This process hindered settlement of Presbyterians in Balquhidder particularly where attempts to find a Gaelic speaking minister fill many pages of the records. Although the chief heritor was nominally Presbyterian, he was content to retain the episcopal minister because the people could understand him. It is clear that in the two presbyterian Gaelic parishes, an Anglophone minister did not effectively communicate with his congregation. Attempts to plant libraries in highland parishes are also described.
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Huebner, Beth M., and Morgan McGuirk. "Running Away." In Beyond Recidivism, 259–74. NYU Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479862726.003.0013.
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Probationers held on technical violations represent a substantial part of the jail population; yet, they are typically not considered in jail reform programming. Jail stays can have collateral consequences for individual employment, social ties, and overall well-being. Existing research suggests that even short periods of incarceration can have criminogenic effects. Incarcerating probation violators in the short term may be a quick fix for problem behavior, but this type of programming has the potential to exacerbate mental health challenges, create substantial barriers to employment, and strain family and other social support linkages. The chapter outlines the needs of individuals remanded to jail for a probation technical violation. We also detail an innovative program designed to mitigate the costs of jail incarceration for individuals incarcerated for a new technical violation while addressing the root causes of recidivism, including inadequate housing, employment needs, substance abuse, and mental illness.
Conference papers on the topic "Probationary period"
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Cuvilliez, Sam, Jia Li, Zichen Kong, Jürgen Rudolph, François Billon, and Hai Xie. "AFCEN Fatigue Calculations Benchmark: Implementation of the RCC-M Rules in Probationary Phase for Environmentally Assisted Fatigue (EAF) Assessment on a Simple Test Case." In ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2021-61522.
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Abstract In the framework of fatigue assessment of Nuclear Power Plant (NPP) components, Environmentally Assisted Fatigue (EAF) is nowadays receiving an increased level of attention by regulatory bodies, code committees and utilities worldwide. This concerns particularly the Long Term Operation (LTO) of NPPs, where EAF may impact significantly the stress reports that are revised for Periodic Safety Reviews (PSRs), but also nuclear new builds in some cases. In this context, several guidance documents were developed and issued, the most well-known example being the NUREG/CR-6909 report [1] prepared in the US, which prescribes inter alia an update of the Cumulative Usage Factor (CUF) through an environmental correction factor “Fen” that accounts for the detrimental effect of Light-Water Reactor (LWR) coolant environments on fatigue life and besides the water chemistry mainly depends on the temperature and the strain rate. Several nuclear codes have already incorporated this type of approach, including the AFCEN RCC-M code since its 2016 edition [2][3] through the introduction of two code cases or “Rules in Probationary Phase” (RPPs), entitled “RPP-2” and “RPP-3”. RPP-2 consists of an update of the design fatigue curve for austenitic and cast duplex stainless steels as well as Nickel based alloys, and is also a prerequisite for RPP-3 which provides guidelines for incorporating an Fen factor in fatigue usage factor calculations. RPP-3 describes a different method to consider EAF in fatigue analysis, that applies to austenitic and cast duplex stainless steel locations subjected to a Pressurized Water Reactor (PWR) primary circuit environment. It is an alternative to the straightforward application of the NUREG/CR-6909 methodology, where the Fen factor is alleviated by a factor of 3. This allowance, also known as the “Fen-integrated” approach, is possible because of an over-conservative quantification of the effect of surface finish under a PWR environment, which is accounted for through the design fatigue curve. This has been demonstrated on the basis of numerous fatigue tests led in a PWR primary circuit environment, on small scale fatigue specimens with a rough surface finish [4][5][6][7]. While RPPs 2 and 3 have been applied in several stress report calculations for the fourth decennial inspection of the 900 MWe French PWRs fleet, these rules are still a novelty and could be further improved in their practical implementation. From this perspective, AFCEN has then launched a benchmark exercise at the end of 2019, involving several nuclear stakeholders in Europe and China. This benchmark consisted in solving a sample problem really close to one already used in an earlier EPRI benchmark [8] which aimed at the implementation of the ASME code case N-792 [9]. The geometry studied represents a vessel nozzle with an attached piping, and the structure is exemplarily subjected to three thermal and mechanical transients. The sample problem has been solved through Finite Element Analysis (FEA) calculations with various Finite Element (FE) software packages. The benchmark was divided into two stages. The first step consisted in achieving thermal and mechanical FE calculations, which were kept as simple as possible in such a way as to avoid discrepancies between participants’ results. On the basis of the stresses obtained, the remaining part of the first phase consisted in calculating a CUF in air according to the RCC-M methodology. The second step was related to the calculation of a CUF in PWR primary circuit environment using the RPP-3, and more particularly to the calculation of Fen factors for the transient combinations identified during the previous stage. Since there is no mandatory rule (only guidance) in RPP-3 for calculating an equivalent strain rate, and since strain rate calculation constitutes a crucial step in the EAF concept, this is the area where discrepancies could be expected between participants’ results. Based on these results, improvements could be proposed to the content of RPP-3, or additional guidelines could be added.