Dissertations / Theses: 'Probation'

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Hartley, D. "Breach of probation : a study of probation officers' actions." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.305763.

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Sampson, Philip John. "Probation, modernity and discourse : the transformation of the probation service." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.358445.

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Han, Yŏng-su. "Die Bedeutung und Einschätzung der kurzen Freiheitsstrafe in Deutschland und Südkorea /." Frankfurt am Main ;Berlin ;Bern ;New York ;Paris ;Wien : Lang, 1997. http://www.gbv.de/dms/spk/sbb/recht/toc/27183675X.pdf.

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Annison, Carolyn Jill. "Probing probation : issues of gender and organisation within the probation service." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/423.

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This study focuses on the probation service and the changes that are impacting on this part of the criminal justice system. It develops a theoretically distinctive approach, drawing on the literature of gender and organisations, in order to investigate issues relating to the organisational structures and processes experienced by male and female probation officers in three disparate probation areas in England. The opening two chapters examine the development of the organisation in terms of the hierarchical roles within the service and the gendered distribution of probation officer staff across the various grades. This review provides a unique understanding of the changing composition of the probation service and enables a gendered perspective to be applied to its history. Within this context issues of professional identity and autonomy, the value base and working practices of probation officers, and the shift from local to centralised control are scrutinised from an analytic position which identifies the embeddedness of gender within this organisational setting. The framework of a reflexive approach interweaves gendered issues from the quantitative findings with qualitative responses from interviews with male and female probation officers and participant observation within different working environments. New perspectives are gained on the shift from local to Home Office direction of the service, and into the abandonment of the social work qualification and ethos. Moreover, the complexities of working relationships and professional identities are opened up from a gendered viewpoint. In this respect the study addresses the absence of gender within other research in this area and concludes that a gendered analysis is of critical importance in understanding the extent of organisational change within the probation service.

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King, Samuel Joshua. "Going straight on probation : desistance transitions and the impact of probation." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3172/.

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This thesis explores primary desistance as a transitional phase between offending and crime cessation. Recent work has explored desistance within an integrated theoretical framework, combining elements of both structure and agency theories, and this thesis builds upon this by exploring the initial transitions towards desistance, and the prospective strategies to sustain it, among a group of adult male offenders under Probation supervision. Where agency has been employed in such accounts its conceptualisation has tended to be vague, and this thesis seeks to address this by examining agency as the temporally located reflexive deliberations of adult offenders upon their future goals and present social environment. This allows for the identification of individuals’ future goals in relation to desistance and the strategies that they intend to pursue to achieve them, in relation to their personal and social contexts. The thesis finds that recent Probation policy has delimited the role of supervising officer towards that of Offender Manager, which inhibits the relationship between officer and offender such that would-be desisters tend to revert to past repertoires of thought and action in their strategies. This is likely to sustain the social contexts that led to offending in the past, and is likely to hinder desistance in the future.

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Kwok, Yuk-lan Anna. "An exploratory study of the impact of stress and the coping strategies of probation officers on the quality of probation service." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42574316.

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Harms, Randi Jay. "Detention for probation violators: characteristics of youth locked up for violating probation." Thesis, Wichita State University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10057/5392.

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This study examined the population of juvenile offenders admitted to a juvenile detention facility in one county in Kansas for a probation violation between July 1, 2010 and December 31, 2010. This descriptive study was exploratory in nature and identified characteristics of this population including demographics, risk of reoffending, case information, and outcomes. A total of 147 admissions were included in this study, involving 109 different youth, some of whom violated standard probation, and some of whom violated intensive supervision probation. This study also looked at the role of zero-tolerance language in sentencing orders and its role in the use of detention as a sanction for probation violations. For the majority of probation violation related detention admissions, the most serious offense in the case was a misdemeanor (71% of admissions) and a minor crime (65% of admissions). Nearly 50% of the admissions in this study were related to a single probation violation, and only 17% were related to an arrest or new charge. Of the 122 admissions for technical probation violations, 49% were related to a violation of zero-tolerance language in a sentencing order. Most of the admissions in this study resulted in a stay in detention that was less than one week, with 45% of admissions resulting in less than three days in detention. The vast majority (71%) of admissions for zero tolerance violations resulted in less than three days in detention. The results of this study indicate that nonviolent youth who have not committed serious crimes are serving time in detention due to technical probation violations. Additionally, zero tolerance language, particularly zero tolerance regarding school attendance, is related to multiple short stays in detention.
Thesis (M.A.)--Wichita State University, College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, Dept. of Criminal Justice

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Slattery, Neil (Neil Patrick) 1969 Carleton University Dissertation Sociology and Anthropology. "An investigation into probation officers' breach of probation practices for wife assault offenders." Ottawa.:, 1993.

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Wong, Hon-kei. "A study of factors influencing probation officers' pre-sentence recommendation for juvenile offenders /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1994. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13991024.

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Reichstein, Sheldon Philip. "Let the Punishment Fit the Crime: an Overview of the Historical Approach to Probation in the State of Texas." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2015. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc801934/.

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Adult probation evolved in the United States as a result of the suspended sentence concept. As a result of a lack of follow through when an individual obtained a suspended sentence, there was no “checks and balances” to monitor whether an individual completed the guidelines set forth. As time progressed, it became apparent a more cohesive and monitored system was needed. Thus, an energetic and motivated individual, John Augustus, started the concept of probation by taking it upon himself to assist in the rehabilitative process of individuals charged with criminal behavior. Subsequent to his death, the concept of probation was embraced by his advocates who lobbied legislatively in order to enact probation laws that would oversee the success of probationers. It wasn’t until the 1950’s that the counties in the state of Texas took it upon themselves to enact their own system of monitoring of probationers. Over time the states have guided their probation concepts from evidence based research. Juvenile probation in the United States didn’t gain a solid foundation until the end of the 19th century with the development of the first juvenile court in Illinois. It took this country time to understand that juveniles were different than adults mentally; therefore, there would need to be a separation of juveniles from adults from being subjected to the same punishments as adults. The approach in dealing with juveniles was more grounded in treatment rather than in punishment. In the state of Texas, the focus for juvenile probation was based on different approaches based on the areas within the state. The juvenile system has gone through the due process era to its current state of the evidence based research. This thesis will provide the reader an overview of the history of the development of probation in the United States and in the State of Texas, specifically in the two largest counties in Texas. This thesis will go into detail in how probation came into existence to where it is in its current state.

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May, Tim Peter. "Probation : politics, policy and practice." Thesis, University of Plymouth, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/2785.

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The aim of this study is to understand changes in the criminal justice system and their effects on policy and practice within the probation service In England and Wales. Towards this aim it utilises the techniques of participant observation, interviews, documentary research and an extensive self-completion questionnaire. The study proceeds by examining the history and politics of the Service and the relationship of these to changes in internal policy and occupational practice. More specifically, it then considers the responses of one probation area. Therefore, the study does not separate the issue of environmental effects on an organisation and how that has consequences for policy and practice within the Service. Within the Treen policy process, an 'implementation gap' is found to exist between probation management (ACPO and above) and the front-line (probation officers and ancillaries). However, the study goes further by examining the issues of autonomy and accountability of probation staff in relation to the organisation itself , as well as other groups and agencies. Further, alterations in the roles of personnel are examined in relation to the changes which policy implies. Again, significant differences are found to exist between the two groups of staff mentioned above. In order to further understand these differences, the study then examines ‘everyday work’ and finds that discretion is a necessary feature for managing and controlling a probation work setting . In the process, the issue of the compatability of policy and practice is raised and found to be wanting. Utilising a model developed in chapter 2, the study then seeks to understand these tensions as stemming from the 'politics' of the ‘alternatives to custody industry’ with its emphasis on central control and punishment; a philosophy at odds with the Service's traditional humanitarian concerns. The study finds in the nature of policy, a need for both both uniformity and predictability in probation work. However, the working environment is found to be neither uniform nor predictable, with front-line personnel also firmly believing that they need discretion in order to exercise their duties effectively. Finally, from a further understanding of this 'politics of probation', the study finishes with beliefs on the future development of the Service.

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Forbes, David Louis. "Probation officers : the next generation." Thesis, University of East London, 2011. http://roar.uel.ac.uk/3724/.

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This study is an investigation into the new world of probation. For the past two decades the Probation Service has struggled to survive in a highly ambivalent social and political climate. During this period, the training of probation officers has separated from social work training and the service has adopted a more punishment-focused, coercive and managerialist stance in its work with offenders. Using a mixed methods approach that includes semi-structured interviews and case discussions, my research focuses on a sample of recently qualified probation officers with a view to exploring their experiences and perceptions of their working lives, and to construct a picture of the occupation from a newcomer perspective. In particular, given the shift in the ideological framework of the service, I wished to learn about the professional identity of the generation of probation officers who are now entering the service through an examination of their motivation and practices. Despite pressure to eradicate the welfare-oriented ethos of the service, a significant and unexpected discovery arising from my research has been the resilience of traditional values that are brought to the service in the aspirations and habitus of newcomers. My findings are contextualised in relation to the criminal justice system, the historical development of the probation service, the status of probation as a profession and my own 'insider' experience. In addition, the study is underpinned by a theoretical perspective that draws on the work of the French sociologist, Pierre Bourdieu.

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Green, Richard G. "Probation and the black offender." Thesis, Aston University, 1986. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/12155/.

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Waller, Jennifer Tricia. "The effectiveness of probation in West Virginia a study examining the practices and views of probation officers in West Virginia /." Huntington, WV : [Marshall University Libraries], 2003. http://www.marshall.edu/etd/descript.asp?ref=213.

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Gibbs, Anita. "Probation partnerships : an exploration of roles, relationships and meanings with probation staff, voluntary representatives and users." Thesis, University of Bristol, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.337492.

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Ansbro, Maria. "How do probation officers apply attachment theory in their practice? : a qualitative study of probation supervision." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2017. https://pure.qub.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/how-do-probation-officers-apply-attachment-theory-in-their-practice-a-qualitative-study-of-probation-supervision(c63d244f-3afa-4f4f-8553-6905fd506746).html.

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This research explores how probation officers utilise certain aspects of attachment theory as they supervise service users in the community. An action research methodology was used to follow the work of a sample of probation officers over a six month period, focusing on four key attachment based themes. A selection of cases were followed and the discussions between researcher and participants analysed. The findings supported the idea that a probation officer could come to represent something of a secure base to their service users, and demonstrated how attachment histories could be used constructively in supervision. However, the concepts of mentalization and the reflective function had only limited utility, and that of attachment style very little at all. The evidence suggested that the first two concepts were sufficiently digestible and memorable to be applied by non-specialists, whereas the latter two concepts had too many theoretical ambiguities to be useful or offer anything unique to practice. There was an absence of formal theoretical terminology in the practitioners' discussions, and the process by which theory featured in practice resembled that of practice wisdom. The data for this project was gathered at the end of 2013 and the beginning of 2014, and soon afterwards the Probation Service in England and Wales underwent a restructuring; it is not clear if the Probation Service/Community Rehabilitation Companies of the future will allow the type of practice described by the practitioners here.

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Ellsworth, Thomas McCarthy John R. "The orientation of adult probation professionals a study of actual and preferred goals of enforcement and rehabilitation /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1989. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8918610.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1989.
Title from title page screen, viewed September 30, 2005. Dissertation Committee: John R. McCarthy (chair), Robert L. Arnold, Paul J. Baker, John L. Brickell, George Padavil. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 217-225) and abstract. Also available in print.

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Hanley, Natalia Kate. "Gangs and probation : negotiating power dynamics." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.496216.

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Gangs are a contemporary criminological issue in Britain, dominating media and policy discourses around youth delinquency. This research utilises a qualitative approach to identify the impact of gangs on the Probation Service in Manchester. The relationship between Probation Officers and the Probation Service is mediated by complex power dynamics. The Probation Service has recast its role as powerful enforcer of punitive sanctions. The implications of this for Probation Officers is on the one hand, an increase in 'symbolic' power through increasingly coercive working practices and discourse whilst representing decreasing professionalization and autonomy and a lack of identification with new service values. Therefore, the reality of Probation work is characterised by a perceived reduction in power. This is mirrored in the gang experience. Gang members perceive themselves as powerful within the confines of the gang and neighbourhood, by adopting masculinised performances of identity but individual gang members are also powerless through their exclusion and alienation from mainstream society.

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Bailey, R. S. "Probation supervision : attitudes to formalised helping." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.282642.

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Colombi, David Paul. "Computer applications for the probation service." Thesis, University of Southampton, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.241600.

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Kornalewska-Zaremba, Aleksandra. "Mental health of offenders on probation." Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2015. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/31002/.

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This thesis forms part of the criteria for the qualification of the Doctorate in Forensic Psychology Practice (ForenPsyD). Its overall aim is to examine the prevalence of mental disorders and unmet needs among offenders managed by the Probation Service, because the understanding of this has very important implications for epidemiology, health service planning and future offending. The first chapter of this thesis presents a general introduction to the topic. Chapter two is a single case study, which describes work undertaken in relation to risk assessment and development of a care plan with a client managed by the Probation Service. A number of previously researched risk factors for offending have been identified in this case, these included: high numbers of previous convictions, presence of mental disorders, substance misuse, poor educational and vocational skills, poor cognitive and interpersonal skills, and limited social support. This study also demonstrated the practical utility of the Structured Assessment of Personality Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS; Moran et al., 2003), a brief screening measure for personality disorder case identification. The Structured Assessment of Personality Abbreviated Scale (SAPAS; Moran et al., 2003) is discussed and evaluated in chapter three. Presented evidence suggests that this measure can rapidly identify individuals at high risk of personality disorder with a good level of psychometric properties. Based on the above and developing evidence supporting its validity and reliability with forensic populations the SAPAS has been chosen to screen for case identification in the empirical study. Chapter four presents findings from the literature review on the prevalence of mental disorders in offenders on probation using a systematic approach. A total of 18 studies published between 1993 and 2013 were reviewed, suggesting significant lack of research in this area. The little research that exists demonstrates mixed findings as the prevalence of mental disorders reported varies making a comparison between the papers difficult. Despite the above, where possible weighted average prevalence rates were calculated. The estimated overall prevalence of PD was 19%, any current mental disorder 6%, alcohol misuse 62%, drug abuse 54, anxiety 13% and depression 10%. The findings from previous chapters were considered and informed more in depth, empirical research on the prevalence of mental disorders amongst offenders on probation presented in chapter five. The present study estimated that 61% of the probationers suffer from a current mental disorder according to Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview (MINI; Sheehan et al., 1998), and found that a significant proportion experience difficulties with regards to social needs such as financial and housing difficulties, which have been previously identified as significant risk factors for reoffending. Finally, chapter six presents overall findings discusses its implications, explores limitations and provides direction for future research. Several wider implications can be drawn from this thesis, which shows that high numbers of probationers suffer from a variety of Axis I disorders, likely personality disorders, substance misuse and have a number of social needs. Based on these findings, it is possible to conclude that there is a need for the mental health substance misuse and social needs of offenders to be given a higher priority in terms of service delivery, education and research.

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Khristich, I. "Modern aspects of probation in Ukraine." Thesis, Національний авіаційний університет, 2020. http://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/41681.

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In order to minimize risks, the prison probation system has been introduced in Ukraine since 2015, which, in accordance with article 11 of the Probation Act, consists in training persons serving sentences of restriction of liberty or deprivation of liberty for a certain period of time before being dismissed for the purpose of labour and domestic placement of such persons after release from their chosen place of residence.
In order to minimize risks, the prison probation system has been introduced in Ukraine since 2015, which, in accordance with article 11 of the Probation Act, consists in training persons serving sentences of restriction of liberty or deprivation of liberty for a certain period of time before being dismissed for the purpose of labour and domestic placement of such persons after release from their chosen place of residence.

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Incavido, Danielle. "Analysis of variables influencing probation outcome." Connect to online version at OhioLINK ETD Connect to online version at Digital.Maag, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1989/3746.

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Ellis, Elaine. "Transforming rehabilitation : probation practitioners negotiating change." Thesis, Cardiff University, 2017. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/111710/.

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The focus of this research is probation practitioner reaction and adaptation to change. Previous studies have shown probation core values to be resilient, practitioners managing to react and adapt to change whilst remaining committed to traditional humanistic values. However, predictions emerging as the latest programme of change, brought about by ‘Transforming Rehabilitation: A Strategy for Reform’ suggest these changes could result in the end of probation as it had come to be known. This research is a case study of Durham Tees Valley Community Rehabilitation Company the only not for profit Community Rehabilitation Company in England and Wales. The study follows a cohort of practitioners through the first 15 months of implementing a new operating model. The research argues that in some ways the flexibility afforded by Transforming Rehabilitation allowed practitioners to regain professional discretion and work in ways that reflected probation’s original purpose and values. However, it is also argued that this flexibility came at the cost of fragmentation of the service and a subsequent loss of trust within and between different parts of the service. The mixed methods case study design allowed for in-depth exploration and tracking of a cohort of practitioners as they negotiated the process of change. Analysis and interpretation of the data revealed significantly different practitioner reactions to the changes, dependent mainly on the length of time practitioners had worked in probation and to a lesser extent on their level of qualification. Practitioners appeared to move through the process of adaptation at different rates, with qualified probation officers, trained during the height of national standards appearing to find the process of change most difficult. The thesis concludes by critically evaluating earlier predictions for the future of probation in light of these findings and information emerging about other Community Rehabilitation Companies.

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Singer, L. R. "Doing supervision : an inquiry into the idea of probation pratice and the practice of the probation idea." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.328610.

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Harrison, Karen Anne. "Theory and implementation of the 'what works' policy in probation, with special reference to Dyfed Probation Service." Thesis, Aberystwyth University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420477.

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Mosier, Sarah B. "Academic Probation and Self-Efficacy| Investigating the Relationship between Academic Probation Types and Academic Self-Efficacy Measures." Thesis, Johnson & Wales University, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10814180.

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College tuition costs have risen 33% in the past ten years (NCES, 2016a), forcing college administrators to refocus their efforts on student retention in order to stay competitive (Alarcon & Edwards, 2012; Sanders, Daly, & Fitzgerald, 2016; Tinto, 2006). Although universities have implemented support programs to help students in these areas, students are still failing.

Students with low self-efficacy lack motivation and lack self-regulation skills, putting them at a higher risk of discontinuing. Self-efficacy not only impacts academic performance (Bandura, 1982, 1997; Budescu & Silverman, 2016, Gallagher, Marques, & Lopez, 2016), but it also influences how students handle challenges (Al-Harthy & Was, 2013; Han, Farruggia, & Moss, 2017), impacts their level of self-discipline (Komarraju & Nadler, 2013), and their self-regulation strategies (Chemers, Hu, & Garcia, 2001).

This quantitative study investigated student perceptions of academic self-efficacy after having experienced academic challenges, defined by academic probation, suspension, or dismissal, during their first year. The relationship between academic probation types was studied in comparison with academic variables: cumulative GPA, academic cohort, and type of academic challenge.

The sample included undergraduate students from a mid-size, private institution in New England. Participants (N = 724) were emailed a link to a questionnaire consisting of self-rated statements created by the researcher and derived from the General Self-Efficacy Scale (Schwarzer & Jerusalem, 1995). Respondent data (N = 59) was exported to Excel and then SPSS® for analysis. Descriptive statistics, Cronbach’s Alpha, a t-test, and one-way ANOVA were conducted.

Results showed that students who were once academically at-risk demonstrated higher self-efficacy in managing difficult problems, learning new material, feeling motivated to succeed in courses, and havingconfidence in their academic abilities. These students also demonstrated lower academic self-efficacy in their ability to understand difficult course material and choosing to complete optional assignments even if it did not guarantee them a good grade. There was no significant relationship between cohort and academic self-efficacy score. Although not statistically significant, results showed a trend indicating that the higher the cumulative GPA, the higher the academic self-efficacy score.

These findings may help administrators better understand student academic self-efficacy and tailor support services to help this population.

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Roujou, de Boubée François. "De la désistance à la contrainte : contribution à l'étude de la sanction en milieu ouvert." Thesis, Toulouse 1, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015TOU10050.

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Carloo, Ruwayda. "An evaluation of the functions of the assistant probation officer as a new occupational category in probation practice." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7401.

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Includes bibliography.
The main aim of this study is to evaluate the functions of the assistant probation officer as a new occupational category in probation practice. The study also explores the knowledge and insight of the functions of assistant probation officers on the part of related role players, namely, probation officers (including the supervisors of assistant probation officers), magistrates, prosecutors, officials of the South African Police Service and the recipients of the service viz. school principals, teachers, youth, parents as well as community leaders in a deep rural area. The primary respondents comprised of all the assistant probation officers involved in the pilot project as well as their supervisors. The sampling method was used for the related role players and recipients of the service. The researcher used mainly a qualitative approach that included questionnaires and interview schedules. The questionnaires were independently completed by the assistant probation officers and the interview schedules were completed by means of face-to-face interviews with related role-players. Open*ended interviews were held during on-site evaluation visits to projects with the selected sample of recipients of the service. This research can also be regarded as an exploratory study as it explores and evaluates an unknown area in order to gain new insights. The process of triangulation was applied due to the variety of data collection methods. The study found that there was an absolute necessity for the services and the sustainability thereof by assistant probation officers, and of the ultimate incorporation of this occupational category into probation practice. The findings also indicated a lack of knowledge and insight on the part of justice and police officials regarding the functions of assistant probation officers as well as the importance of structured training and the provision of the basic resources for assistant probation officers to function adequately. Therefore a holistic approach to the incorporation of this service into probation practice is required by the Department of Social Development to address the findings of this study.

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Ng, Yuen-man Josephine. "Understanding the female drug addicts on probation." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1987. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B42574092.

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Farrall, Stephen. "Probation, social context and desistance from crime." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365436.

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Ng, Yuen-man Josephine, and 伍婉雯. "Understanding the female drug addicts on probation." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1987. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42574092.

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Wilkinson, John. "Developing the evidence-base for probation programmes." Thesis, University of Surrey, 1998. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/812710/.

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Somo, Charity Mokgaetji. "Success stories of students after academic probation." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/43249.

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This study focused on the success stories of students after academic probation in order to explore, understand and describe their personal perceptions, perspectives and the meanings they ascribed to academic probation. I also hoped to gain insight into the success factors that enabled the students success after academic probation. Through these insights I hoped to add to our understanding of supporting students on academic probation. The conceptual framework for my study was based on the strength-based approach and Bean and Eaton’s psychological model of college student retention. I also explored literature on the experiences of students who encountered academic failure as part of framing and understanding of the students’ experiences. For the purposes of the aforementioned objectives I followed a qualitative research approach, anchored in an interpretivist paradigm. I collected data through a focus group interview with three participants. The participants were purposively selected on the basis that they themselves were placed on academic probation. With the permission of the participants the interview was tape-recorded, the recording was supported by a research field journal. Three core themes in the data were identified namely Psychological Processes, Institutional Support Structures and Personal Support Systems. These core themes were integrated with literature and further linked to sub-themes and related themes. The results of my study found that students were enabled by four psychological processes namely attitudes and behaviours, coping behaviours, an internal locus of control and high self-efficacy beliefs to succeed. Institutional structures, including the policy on academic probation, played a crucial role in supporting the students to succeed, and it was because of personal support structures such as family and friends that students had the courage to return to their studies and make a good effort at succeeding. As a conclusion, this study suggested that it is possible for students to rise above academic probation and persist towards academic achievement and to have positive experiences which enable them to complete their studies.
Dissertation (MEd)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
lk2014
Educational Psychology
MEd
Unrestricted

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Hoover, Charlotte. "The Purpose and Practice of Academic Probation." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2014. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2449.

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Academic policies in higher education address institutional academic standards and student requirements including academic underachievement. Academic probation is one academic policy designed to alert students they are not meeting the minimum academic standards of the institution. Institutions offer a variety of student services to support institutional retention efforts and student persistence to graduation; however, there is little research that addresses academic policies and their role in the success of the college student (Brawner, Frillman, & Ohland, 2010). This qualitative case study was an exploration of the perceptions of undergraduate students and the administration by examining the policy of academic probation at one 4-year, private, small liberal arts college in southwest Virginia. The study explored what the institution intended the purpose of academic probation to serve and the perception of the policy by students who were placed on academic probation. Interviews were conducted with 1 undergraduate student who was currently on academic probation and 2 administrators of the institution who were familiar with the policy of academic probation. Survey questions were administered to 5 additional students on academic probation. A document review of the policy of academic probation was conducted. The findings of this study demonstrated that 3 students and both administrators viewed the policy as a way to alert students to refocusing their attention on academics in order to raise their GPA and meet the academic requirements needed for graduation. The study also revealed that students who were placed on academic probation did not feel they had sufficient knowledge of the policy before they were placed on probation.

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Kwok, Yuk-lan Anna, and 郭玉蘭. "An exploratory study of the impact of stress and the coping strategiesof probation officers on the quality of probation service." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1994. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B42574316.

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Tam, Ki-ping. "An exploratory study of transition from school to work of juvenile probationers /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13115637.

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Lam, Chi-ming James. "An exploratory study of the magistrates' view on the role of probation officers in Hong Kong /." [Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong], 1991. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B13117038.

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Avellino, Chantal. "Introducing risk assessment to the Maltese probation service." Thesis, University of Portsmouth, 2014. https://researchportal.port.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/introducing-risk-assessment-to-the-maltese-probation-service(d604bfc4-f010-4638-a08a-33d248a71cf4).html.

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The role of developmental and situational factors in offender risk assessment and risk management has been largely ignored. This may be due to the fact that developmental and situational theories mainly focus upon explaining how offenders transition in and out of offending yet provide little information regarding the underlying process of change. Offender narratives, on the other hand, may provide insight into the manner in which offenders interpret and make sense of the world around them that may account for that change. This paper discusses the contributions of developmental and situational theories in understanding offending behaviour and how these can be understood through the offender’s personal narrative to provide a comprehensive theoretical and empirical base for the risk assessment and risk management of offenders. The findings of this research have implications for both risk assessment and risk management, which until now have not fully considered the role of situational and developmental contexts and the importance of self as manifested through the personal narratives of offenders.

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Jensenius, Karen. "Exploring social networks of drug offenders on probation." Fairfax, VA : George Mason University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1920/3109.

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Thesis (M.A.)--George Mason University, 2008.
Vita: p. 80. Thesis director: Faye Taxman. Submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts in Justice, Law, and Crime Policy. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed July 3, 2008). Includes bibliographical references (p. 72-79). Also issued in print.

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Moore, Philip. "The uses of drama in a probation setting." Thesis, Lancaster University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389861.

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Canty, Kenika Kiante'. "A Survey of Probation Officers' Opinions: Risk Assessments." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1684.

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The U. S. criminal justice system has used risk assessment tools in an effort to reduce recidivism and risk assessment tools are now commonplace. Correctional organizations, however, have struggled with officers' resistance to these tools in spite of the evidence for their utility. There is limited research that explores the impact of resistance to organizational change within the context of correctional agencies. To address that gap, this correlational study used organizational change theory to examine officers' resistance to the use of risk assessment tools based on officers' opinions of the risk assessment tool being used in North Carolina. Data were collected through an online survey of 109 North Carolina probation and parole officers. Multiple linear regression analysis was used to examine the statistical relationship between officer use of risk assessment tools and the dependent variables which included officers' opinions of the risk assessment tool, knowledge of risk assessments, training for use of risk assessments, risk assessments in the sentencing process, and officers' length of time employed. Findings indicated that opinions of the risk assessment tool and training to use the tool statistically impact officers' use of the tool in daily supervision of offenders. Organizational change theory predicted these findings as officers' resistance to policy change was manifested in their opinions of that policy. Implications for positive social change include recommendations for corrections agencies to refine training regarding risk assessments in efforts to minimize officer resistance of properly applying risk assessment tools in daily job duties with the intended outcome of reducing recidivism, and therefore preventing future harms to the community.

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Oldfield, Mark. "The probation service and the governance of the offender : discourse, power and politics in the probation service in England and Wales." Thesis, University of Kent, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.369678.

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Davids, Carlene. "Policy and practice of sentencing male child sexual offenders at Wynberg sexual offences court." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/7709.

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Bibliography: leaves 109-114.
This study explores the attitudes of the magistrates, prosecutors, and the probation officers at the Sexual Offences Court at Wynberg Magistrates Court regarding the sentencing of male child sexual offenders, as well as the types of sentences passed on sex offenders. A combination of documentary evidence, that is, court ﬁles, and qualitative and quantitative research methods was used. The quantitative aspect of the research lies in the aggregation of data collected from the court ﬁles. The qualitative dimension of the study is reﬂected in the interview schedules administered to the judicial ofﬁcials and probation ofﬁcers. The research ﬁndings indicate that magistrates and prosecutors are well informed about signiﬁcant legislation that inﬂuences the sentencing of sex offenders. It emerged from the ﬁndings that the value systems and personal biases of magistrates surface when passing sentences on sex offenders. Lack of training opportunities for all judicial ofﬁcials and probation ofﬁcers in addition to a poor prison system with inadequate rehabilitation structures, were regarded as key challenges faced during the sentencing process. In the light of the research ﬁndings, recommendations were made to address the inconsistent sentencing practices of magistrates in regard to sexual offenders.

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Lynton, Eddy Fritsch Eric J. "Correlates of recidivism a study examining the differences between first time felony probationers and recidivist felony probation offenders /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2007. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-3645.

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Lam, Ka-kui Ringo. "Shoplifters in Hong Kong : a mixed methods analysis of their characteristics in probation setting /." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2006. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B3727174X.

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Rex, Susan Anne. "Perceptions of probation in a context of #just deserts'." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245155.

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Mullineux, Judith Catherine. "Probation officers' judgements regarding the likelihood of re-offending." Thesis, University of Ulster, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.593636.

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Decision making in all areas of social work practice is a challenging and complex process. This study specifically considered professional decision making by probation officers in Northern Ireland. Aim The aim of the study was to explore probation officers' judgements regarding the assessment of recidivism. Method The study was a mixed methods design. The first stage utilised the repertory grid technique (Kelly, 1955) designed to identify the range of factors involved in probation officers' judgements. The sample consisted of fifteen probation officers and the results were analysed using principal components analysis. Factors from the repertory grid, together with issues identified through the literature, were incorporated into a factorial survey (Rossi and Nock, 1982) as the second stage to the study. Ninety-three probation officers completed the survey and the results were analysed through regression analysis. Results The key findings are summarised below: 1. The factorial survey identified that probation officers considered the static factors, number of 'previous convictions ' and 'age' of the offender, as the most significant issues when considering likelihood of reoffending. 2. The dynamic/criminogenic factors of 'substance misuse', 'support networks ', level of 'responsibility' taken for offending behaviour and level of 'cooperation' with supervision, were also considered to be significant factors in the assessment of recidivism. 3. Generally probation officers were not confident in their decision making. They were most confident when the offender presented with twenty or more previous convictions. The level of confidence also rose as the age of the offender being assessed increased. 4. The Assessment, Case management and Evaluation (ACE) assessment tool was considered to be most useful when the number of previous convictions was high. where there was a substance dependency and a volatile and unpredictable demeanour. 5. Probation supervision was considered to be most effective when the offender was cooperative, young , held religious beliefs and attended an organisation and had a history of childhood adversity. 6. Longer serving probation officers tended to be more confident in their decisions while female probation officers were more confident in the effectiveness of probation supervision. Conclusion Probation officers consider the static factors, number of previous convictions and age, to be most significant in the assessment of recidivism. Levels of confidence are also highest when their judgements are based on these factors. Dynamic factors are considered to be most significant when considering the effectiveness of supervision. The introduction of a two-stage model of assessment may therefore be the most appropriate future development. Dissemination The findings of this study will be presented to the Probation Board for Northern Ireland who will circulate to relevant managers and practitioners. The results will also be submitted for publication.

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Robinson, Gwen J. "Probation, risk and governance : towards a post-modern service?" Thesis, Swansea University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.638696.

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This thesis examines the probation service in England and Wales as a site of regulation or governance. Firstly, and primarily, the thesis examines the changing approach of the probation service toward the regulation or governance of the offenders which it supervises. Specifically, it explores the contention that the dominant approach to offender governance in the probation service has shifted from one concerned primarily with rehabilitation or 'normalisation', to one which is primarily concerned with the management of risk. The secondary theme concerns the regulation or governance of the probation service itself. That is, it considers the extent to which the probation service has come to be subject to - as well as an instrument of - regulatory practices, focusing in particular on the implications of this development for the professional roles and status of those working within the service. These aspects of governance are subject to empirical investigation by means of a case study, which explores the implementation of the technology of risk/needs assessment by a number of area probation services. The main conclusion is that two relatively distinct 'modes of governance' - and, in parallel, two relatively distinct professional roles - are emerging. This 'bifurcation' of provision is based on a distinction between those offenders assessed as posing a serious risk of harm to the public, and those who are not. It is argued that, whilst these modes of governance need to be understood in the context of an emerging risk-based approach, they constitute different but complementary adaptations to the purported shift from 'old' to 'new' - or 'modern' to 'post-modern' - penal rationalities. The professional future of the probation service is discussed in the light of the developments described.

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Vanstone, M. T. "Making sense of probation : a history of professional discourse." Thesis, Swansea University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.639299.

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This thesis explores the of the history of the theory and practice of supervising probationers in the community is represented by written and oral accounts of some of those involved. It offers a version of the history expanded beyond the traditional humanitarian accounts to encompass a broader social and political context. Its central proposition is that the context of that history is more complex than has been traditionally represented. It argues that these accounts trace the origins of the probation service in the United Kingdom to the police court missionaries and pressure of penal reform during the Victorian era, and that that pressure is portrayed as an outcome of homogeneous movement motivated by humanity and Christian principles. This study approaches that history from the underside (i.e. through the writings of practitioners and interested outsiders), and shows that it is tied inextricably to the emergence of the study of individual psychology, the shift from individualism to individualisation in the application of punishment, political and societal concerns about social disorder, and the evangelical humanitarian mission. It claims to revise the orthodox history through both a different emphasis and the suggestion that the evolution of probation is a configuration of those different and sometimes contradictory elements. It draws on aspects of the history of probation in the USA, and reflects on how a focus on practice, as opposed to policy discourse renders different meanings to, and understandings of the development of the concept during the 20^th century. It begins with a discussion of the scope of the study, its methods and potential problems. This is followed by a summary of the main features of the orthodox history, and then the fuller version, which provides the context for the subsequent exploration of practice and theory. This is largely chronological, beginning with John Augustus in America, and continuing with the police court missionaries and early probation officers in the UK, the caseworkers of the post Second World War period, the challenge of the Non-Treatment Paradigm and 'Nothing Works' research, and New Rehabilitation. Chapters eight and nine depart from the chronology to explore first, the history of groupwork and second, work that is focused more on the environment than the individual.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Probation'

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