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Journal articles on the topic 'Pro-p-group'

Author: Grafiati

Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 19 February 2022

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1

Dario, R. P., and A. J. Engler. "Relative Brauer group and pro-p Galois group of pre-p-henselian fields." Journal of Algebra and Its Applications 14, no. 06 (April 21, 2015): 1550087. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0219498815500875.

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Let p be a prime number and (F, v) a valued field. In this paper, we find a presentation for the p-torsion part of the Brauer group Br (F), by means of the valuation v. We only assume that F has a primitive pth root of the unity and the residue class field has characteristic not equal to p. This result naturally leads to consider valued fields that we call pre-p-henselian fields. It concerns valuations compatible with Rp, the p-radical of the field. To be precise, Rp is the radical of the skew-symmetric pairing which associates to a pair (a, b) the class of the symbol algebra (F; a, b) in Br F. In our main result, we state that pre-p-henselian fields are precisely the fields for which the Galois group of the maximal Galois p-extension admits a particular decomposition as a free pro-p product.

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2

Mazza, Nadia. "The pro-p group of upper unitriangular matrices." Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 221, no. 12 (December 2017): 2928–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpaa.2017.02.009.

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3

Riley, David M. "Analytic pro-p groups and their graded group rings." Journal of Pure and Applied Algebra 90, no. 1 (November 1993): 69–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0022-4049(93)90137-i.

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4

Klopsch, Benjamin, and Anitha Thillaisundaram. "A pro-p group with infinite normal Hausdorff spectra." Pacific Journal of Mathematics 303, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 569–603. http://dx.doi.org/10.2140/pjm.2019.303.569.

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5

Afanas’eva, S. G. "The Coordinate Group of an Affine Space Over a Rigid Metabelian Pro-p-group." Algebra and Logic 53, no. 3 (July 2014): 187–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10469-014-9282-9.

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6

KOCHLOUKOVA, DESSISLAVA H., and PAVEL A. ZALESSKII. "Subdirect products of pro-p groups." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 158, no. 2 (January 9, 2015): 289–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030500411400067x.

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AbstractWe study when a pro-p subdirect product S ⩽ G1 × . . . × Gn is of type FPm for m ⩾ 2 for some special pro-p groups Gi. In particular we treat the case when Gi is a finitely generated non-trivial free pro-p product different from C2 ∐ C2 if p = 2 or a non-abelian pro-p group from the class $\mathcal{L}$ defined in [12].

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7

Herfort, Wolfgang, and Luis Ribes. "Subgroups of free pro-p-products." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 101, no. 2 (March 1987): 197–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004100066548.

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If F is a free profinite group, it is well known that the closed subgroups of F need not be free profinite; however, if p is a prime number, every closed subgroup of a free pro-p-group is free pio-p (cf. [2, 8, 7]). In this paper we show that there is an analogous contrast regarding the closed subgroups of free products in the category of profinite groups, and the closed subgroups of free products in the category of pro-p-groups, at least for (topologically) finitely generated subgroups.

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8

Strojný, L., J. Štofilová, E. Hijová, V. Szabadosová, R. Salaj, I. Bertková, A. Chmelárová, et al. "Effect of Lactobacillus plantarum LS/07 in combination with flaxseed oil on the microflora, enzymatic activity, and histological changes in the development of chemically induced precancerous growth in the rat colon." Czech Journal of Animal Science 59, No. 6 (July 2, 2014): 268–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/7497-cjas.

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This experimental study showed the effect of L. plantarum LS/07 on the changes in total counts of coliform bacteria, enzymatic activities, cytokine and histological changes in the colonic mucosa, chemically induced by the application of 1.2-dimethylhydrazine dihydrochloride (1.2-DMH) in rats once a week during five weeks in the positive control group, probioticum (PRO) group, and probioticum and oil (PRO-O) group. A total of 32 rats were randomly assigned to four treatment groups: negative control group (diet without any supplements), positive control group (1.2-DMH without any supplements), PRO group (L. plantarum LS/07 at the dose (average concentration 2.88 × 10<sup>9</sup> CFU/ml) + 1.2-DMH), PRO-O group (L. plantarum LS/07 + flaxseed oil (40 g/kg feed) + 1.2-DMH). All rats were kept on fat diet (35 g/kg). The results showed a significant (P < 0.05) decrease in total counts of coliform bacteria in PRO-O group. Results of enzymatic activities of isolated strain showed that L. plantarum LS/07 does not produce enzyme β-glucuronidase. Significantly higher activity of β-galactosidase was in the groups PRO (P < 0.001) and PRO-O (P < 0.01). On the other hand, significantly lower (P < 0.001) enzymatic activity of ß-glucuronidase and β-glucosidase was found in PRO-O group compared with positive control group. The cytokine activity of tumor necrosis factor (TNFα) was significantly decreased in groups PRO (P < 0.001) and PRO-O (P < 0.01) compared to the positive control group. The histological examination showed different changes (aberrant crypts and goblet cells) in experimental groups in comparison to the negative control group. Our study indicates that L. plantarum LS/07 in combination with flaxseed oil had a positive influence on colon microflora, enzymatic activities, and cytokine activity. The total results showed that potentiating effects of natural components were markedly achieved in the experimental group PRO-O.  

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9

ITOH, TSUYOSHI, and YASUSHI MIZUSAWA. "On tamely ramified pro-p-extensions over -extensions of." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 156, no. 2 (November 20, 2013): 281–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004113000637.

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AbstractFor an odd prime number p and a finite set S of prime numbers congruent to 1 modulo p, we consider the Galois group of the maximal pro-p-extension unramified outside S over the ${\mathbb Z}_p$-extension of the rational number field. In this paper, we classify all S such that the Galois group is a metacyclic pro-p group.

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10

Romanovskii, N. S. "Algebraic Sets in a Finitely Generated 2-Step Solvable Rigid Pro-p-Group." Algebra and Logic 54, no. 6 (January 2016): 478–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10469-016-9367-8.

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11

Fernández-Alcober, G. A., I. V. Kazachkov, V. N. Remeslennikov, and P. Symonds. "Comparison of the discrete and continuous cohomology groups of a pro-$p$ group." St. Petersburg Mathematical Journal 19, no. 6 (August 22, 2008): 961–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1090/s1061-0022-08-01030-3.

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12

RIBES, LUIS, and PAVEL A. ZALESSKII. "THE PRO-p TOPOLOGY OF A FREE GROUP AND ALGORITHMIC PROBLEMS IN SEMIGROUPS." International Journal of Algebra and Computation 04, no. 03 (September 1994): 359–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s021819679400004x.

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13

Gupta, Ch, and N. S. Romanovskii. "Normal automorphisms of a free pro-p-group in the varietyN 2 A." Algebra and Logic 35, no. 3 (May 1996): 139–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02367211.

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14

Strojný, L., A. Bo, E. Hijová, A. Chmelárová, G. Mojžišová, I. Bertková, J. Koprovičová, M. Pomfy, V. Strompfová, and M. Molokáčová. "Effects of a probiotic in combination with prebiotics on intestinal lactobacilli and coliforms and activities of bacterial enzymes in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine exposed rats." Czech Journal of Animal Science 56, No. 3 (March 15, 2011): 99–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/56/2010-cjas.

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Effects of the probiotic (PRO) Lactobacillus plantarum and of the combination of PRO and the prebiotic (PRE) inulin enriched with oligofructose (2%), and PRO with Lini oleum virginale (O) on counts of lactobacilli and coliforms and enzymatic activities in faeces of rats were studied. The rats (n = 60) were divided into 5 groups of 12 subjects. The animals were fed on a high fat diet (10%) for 8 weeks of experiment. Colon cancer was induced by the application of 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH) twice a week in a dose of 20 mg/kg s.c. in groups G2-G5. The rats in group 1 (control 1) received a diet without any supplements. The rats in group 2 (control 2) received 1,2 DMH without any supplements. The rats in group 3 received PRO, group 4 PRO and PRE, and group 5 received PRO and O. A significant decrease (P < 0.05) of coliforms was found out after the application of PRO, PRO-O, and PRO-PRE in comparison with control group G2. Significantly higher (P < 0.05) counts of lactobacilli were determined after the application of PRO-O and PRO-PRE. Significantly lower (P < 0.001) activities of β-galactosidase, β-glucuronidase and α-glucosidase were observed in PRO, PRO-PRE and PRO-O, while in the case of the enzyme β-glucosidase the activity was lower only after the addition of PRO-O. The protective effect of lactobacilli was observed in the order PRO-O, PRO-PRE, and PRO. It was shown that combinations of PRO-O and PRO-PRE had a synergistic effect which was higher than the effect of administering only PRO.

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15

Mirkheshti, Alireza, Elham Memary, Hamed Shafiee, and Mastaneh Dahi. "Effect of dexmedetomidine infusion on N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide level in patients with femoral shaft fractures under general anesthesia." Bangladesh Journal of Pharmacology 11, no. 4 (October 1, 2016): 765. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjp.v11i4.27620.

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<p>This study was performed to assess the effect of dexmedetomidine on the level of N-terminal pro–B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) in patients undergoing major orthopedic surgery. Patients undergoing general anesthesia for femoral shaft fracture surgery were randomly assigned to either 0.5 µg/kg/hour dexmedetomidine or normal saline. Changes in levels of NT-pro-BNP and hemodynamic parameters were compared. Data of 46 patients were analyzed and it was found that the change in NT-pro-BNP levels in the dexmedetomidine group was significantly less than the control group (p = 0.001). In addition, bleeding, changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure in dexmedetomidine group was significantly less than the control group (p˂0.001). It is likely that dexmedetomidine infusion can reduce the rise of NT–pro-BNP level and therefore is associated with better cardiac outcome. In addition, dexmedetomidine infusion can achieve hemodynamic stability in femoral shaft fracture under general anesthesia.</p><p> </p>

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16

Ivanov, Sergei O., and Roman Mikhailov. "On discrete homology of a free pro--group." Compositio Mathematica 154, no. 10 (September 7, 2018): 2195–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0010437x1800739x.

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For a prime $p$, let $\hat{F}_{p}$ be a finitely generated free pro-$p$-group of rank at least $2$. We show that the second discrete homology group $H_{2}(\hat{F}_{p},\mathbb{Z}/p)$ is an uncountable $\mathbb{Z}/p$-vector space. This answers a problem of A. K. Bousfield.

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17

Gao, Xia, Min Zhang, Weidong Feng, Zichuan Xu, Yan Wang, Lingna Shi, and Jing Zhang. "Alteration of Angiopoietin-Like Protein 4 Levels in Serum or Urine Correlate with Different Biochemical Markers in Hyperlipidemia-Related Proteinuria." BioMed Research International 2020 (March 23, 2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/5281251.

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Angiopoietin-like protein 4 (ANGPTL4) is widely known as a key regulator of lipid metabolism. We investigated the relationship between ANGPTL4 expression in serum or urine and blood lipid or urine protein levels of patients with hyperlipidemia- (HL-) related proteinuria. Sixty-eight patients with HL-related proteinuria (HL-Pro group), 68 patients with HL without proteinuria (HL-NPro group), 46 patients with non-HL-related proteinuria (NHL-Pro group), and 50 healthy control (Con) subjects were selected. There were no significant differences in serum ANGPTL4 levels between the Con group (36.82±17.03 ng/ml) and the HL-Pro group (27.94 (18.90, 53.72) ng/ml). Additionally, the serum ANGPTL4 levels in the HL-Pro group were significantly lower than those in the HL-NPro group (53.32±24.01 ng/ml) (P<0.001). The urine ANGPTL4/Cr levels in the HL-Pro group (52.01 (45.25, 79.79) μg/g) were significantly higher than those in the HL-NPro group (9.96 (8.35, 12.43) ng/ml) (P<0.05). A significant alteration in urine ANGPTL4/Cr levels was observed in the NHL-Pro group (69.41±55.36 μg/g) and the Con group (10.08±2.38 μg/g) as well. There was no correlation between serum and urine ANGPTL4 levels of the four groups (P>0.05). Serum ANGPTL4 levels (HL-Pro/HL-NPro group) were positively correlated with total cholesterol (TC) and triglyceride (TG) levels in hyperlipidemia patients. However, there was no correlation between urinary ANGPTL4 levels and TC or TG (P>0.05). Urine ANGPTL4 levels were positively correlated with 24hUPro in patients with renal impairment (HL-Pro/NHL-Pro group). To summarize, ANGPTL4 may be considered an accurate predictor of proteinuria with HL. Notably, serum or urine ANGPTL4 levels indicated the degree of proteinuria or hyperlipidemia, respectively, in HL patients.

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18

SALLE, LANDRY. "MILD PRO-p-GROUPS AS GALOIS GROUPS OVER GLOBAL FIELDS." International Journal of Number Theory 05, no. 05 (August 2009): 779–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1793042109002377.

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This paper is devoted to finding new examples of mild pro-p-groups as Galois groups over global fields, following the work of Labute ([6]). We focus on the Galois group [Formula: see text] of the maximal T-split S-ramified pro-p-extension of a global field k. We first retrieve some facts on presentations of such a group, including a study of the local-global principle for the cohomology group [Formula: see text], then we show separately in the case of function fields and in the case of number fields how it can be used to find some mild pro-p-groups.

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19

Vigneras, Marie-France. "THE PRO-p-IWAHORI HECKE ALGEBRA OF A REDUCTIVE p-ADIC GROUP III (SPHERICAL HECKE ALGEBRAS AND SUPERSINGULAR MODULES)." Journal of the Institute of Mathematics of Jussieu 16, no. 3 (June 3, 2015): 571–608. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474748015000146.

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Let $R$ be a large field of characteristic $p$. We classify the supersingular simple modules of the pro-$p$-Iwahori Hecke $R$-algebra ${\mathcal{H}}$ of a general reductive $p$-adic group $G$. We show that the functor of pro-$p$-Iwahori invariants behaves well when restricted to the representations compactly induced from an irreducible smooth $R$-representation $\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C}$ of a special parahoric subgroup $K$ of $G$. We give an almost-isomorphism between the center of ${\mathcal{H}}$ and the center of the spherical Hecke algebra ${\mathcal{H}}(G,K,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C})$, and a Satake-type isomorphism for ${\mathcal{H}}(G,K,\unicode[STIX]{x1D70C})$. This generalizes results obtained by Ollivier for $G$ split and $K$ hyperspecial to $G$ general and $K$ special.

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20

Würfel, Tilmann. "Dimension-Preserving Extensions of Pro-p-Groups." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 34, no. 1 (March 1, 1991): 136–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-1991-022-3.

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AbstractWe investigate extensions of pro-p-groups 1 —> N —> G —> Γ —> 1 where N is pro-p-free and Nab, is a free Zp[Γ]-module. In case Γ is finite we show that such an extension splits modulo the second derived group N".

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21

Yakovlieva, M., T. Tacheva, S. Mihaylova, R. Tropcheva, K. Trifonova, A. Toleкova, S. Danova, and T. Vlaykova. "Influence of Lactobacillus brevis 15 and Lactobacillus plantarum 13 on blood glucose and body weight in rats after high-fructose diet." Beneficial Microbes 6, no. 4 (August 2015): 505–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3920/bm2014.0012.

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In recent years, many authors have investigated the possible antidiabetic effect of lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus species constitute a major part of the lactic acid bacteria group and have been found to exhibit beneficial effects on the development of diabetes and its complications. In the current study, we investigated the effects of newly characterised Bulgarian Lactobacillus strains, Lactobacillus brevis 15 and Lactobacillus plantarum 13, on blood glucose levels and body weight of rats fed a fructose-enriched diet. An experiment was conducted over a period of 8 weeks with 24 2-month-old Wistar rats randomly assigned to receive a standard diet (Con, control group), fructose-enriched diet (Fr group), standard diet with probiotics given twice a week (Pro group), and fructose-enriched diet with probiotics given twice a week (Pro+Fr group). At the end of the experimental period, a statistically significant increase in body weight was observed in all experimental groups (P<0.0001). The highest rise was seen in the fructose group (Fr, 169±19 g), followed by the Pro+Fr group (153±15 g), Pro group (149±13 g), and Con group (141±5 g). Moreover, the final blood glucose levels had risen significantly in the groups receiving fructose either without (Fr; P<0.0001) or with lactobacilli (Pro+Fr; P=0.002), while the rise was insignificant in the group of rats given probiotic supplementation only (Pro, P=0.071) and inexistent in the Con group (P=0.999). The highest elevation of blood glucose levels was observed in the Fr group (3.18 mmol/l), followed by the Pro+Fr group (2.00 mmol/l) whereas the Pro group showed the lowest levels (0.60 mmol/l). The results of our study suggest that the newly characterised Bulgarian Lactobacillus strains, L. brevis 15 and L. plantarum 13, could be considered as possible probiotics and might be able to prevent some metabolic disturbances.

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22

Korenev, A. A. "The Cohomology of Pro-p-Groups with Group Ring Coefficients and Virtual Poincare Duality." Mathematical Notes 78, no. 5-6 (November 2005): 791–800. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11006-005-0184-y.

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23

Barnea, Y., and M. Larsen. "A Non-abelian Free Pro- p Group Is Not Linear over a Local Field." Journal of Algebra 214, no. 1 (April 1999): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1006/jabr.1998.7682.

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24

Timoshenko, E. I. "A Basis for the Commutator Subgroup of a Partially Commutative Metabelian Pro-p-Group." Algebra and Logic 60, no. 1 (March 2021): 53–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10469-021-09627-x.

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25

KLOPSCH, BENJAMIN. "Zeta functions related to the pro- $p$ group SL $_1${\bfseries (}$\Delta_{\hbox{\scriptsize{\bfseries\itshape p}}}${\bfseries )$ }." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 135, no. 1 (July 2003): 45–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s030500410200659x.

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26

Kochloukova, Dessislava H., and Aline G. S. Pinto. "Growth of Homology of Centre-by-metabelian Pro- Groups." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 72, no. 1 (January 9, 2019): 203–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2018-032-4.

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AbstractFor a centre-by-metabelian pro-$p$ group $G$ of type $\text{FP}_{2m}$, for some $m\geqslant 1$, we show that $\sup _{M\in {\mathcal{A}}}$ rk $H_{i}(M,\mathbb{Z}_{p})<\infty$, for all $0\leqslant i\leqslant m$, where ${\mathcal{A}}$ is the set of all subgroups of $p$-power index in $G$ and, for a finitely generated abelian pro-$p$ group $V$, rk $V=\dim V\otimes _{\mathbb{Z}_{p}}\mathbb{Q}_{p}$.

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27

Hajir, Farshid, and Christian Maire. "On the Invariant Factors of Class Groups in Towers of Number Fields." Canadian Journal of Mathematics 70, no. 1 (February 1, 2018): 142–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cjm-2017-032-9.

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AbstractFor a finite abelian p-group A of rank d = dim A/pA, let A := be its (logarithmic) mean exponent. We study the behavior of themean exponent of p-class groups in pro-p towers L/K of number fields. Via a combination of results from analytic and algebraic number theory, we construct infinite tamely ramified pro-p towers in which the mean exponent of p-class groups remains bounded. Several explicit examples are given with p = 2. Turning to group theory, we introduce an invariant attached to a finitely generated pro-p group G; when G = Gal(L/K), where L is the Hilbert p-class field tower of a number field K, measures the asymptotic behavior of the mean exponent of p-class groups inside L/K. We compare and contrast the behavior of this invariant in analytic versus non-analytic groups. We exploit the interplay of group-theoretical and number-theoretical perspectives on this invariant and explore some open questions that arise as a result, which may be of independent interest in group theory.

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28

Ünver, Sinan. "On the Local Unipotent Fundamental Group Scheme." Canadian Mathematical Bulletin 53, no. 1 (March 1, 2010): 187–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.4153/cmb-2010-033-x.

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29

Quadrelli, Claudio. "Pro-$p$ groups with few relations and universal Koszulity." MATHEMATICA SCANDINAVICA 127, no. 1 (February 17, 2021): 28–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/math.scand.a-123644.

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Let $p$ be a prime. We show that if a pro-$p$ group with at most $2$ defining relations has quadratic $\mathbb{F}_p$-cohomology algebra, then this algebra is universally Koszul. This proves the “Universal Koszulity Conjecture” formulated by J. Miná{č} et al. in the case of maximal pro-$p$ Galois groups of fields with at most $2$ defining relations.

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30

Ershov, Mikhail. "New just-infinite pro-p groups of finite width and subgroups of the Nottingham group." Journal of Algebra 275, no. 1 (May 2004): 419–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jalgebra.2003.08.012.

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31

Ray, Jishnu. "Explicit presentation of an Iwasawa algebra: The case of pro-p Iwahori subgroup of SLn(ℤp)." Forum Mathematicum 32, no. 2 (March 1, 2020): 319–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/forum-2019-0260.

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AbstractIwasawa algebras of compact p-adic Lie groups are completed group algebras with applications in number theory in studying class numbers of towers of number fields and representation theory of p-adic Lie groups. We previously determined an explicit presentation of the Iwasawa algebra for the first principal congruence kernel of Chevalley groups over {\mathbb{Z}_{p}} which were uniform pro-p groups in the sense of Dixon, du Sautoy, Mann and Segal. In this paper, for prime {p>n+1}, we determine the explicit presentation, in the form of generators and relations, of the Iwasawa algebra of the pro-p Iwahori subgroup of {\mathrm{GL}_{n}(\mathbb{Z}_{p})} which is not, in general, a uniform pro-p group.

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32

BARNEA, YIFTACH. "RESIDUAL PROPERTIES OF FREE PRO-P GROUPS." Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 33, no. 5 (September 2001): 578–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1112/s0024609301008281.

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Recall that if S is a class of groups, then a group G is residually-S if, for any element 1 ≠ g ∈ G, there is a normal subgroup N of G such that g ∉ N and G/N ∈ S. Let Λ be a commutative Noetherian local pro-p ring, with a maximal ideal M. Recall that the first congruence subgroup of SLd(Λ) is: SL1d(Λ) = ker (SLd(Λ) → SLd(Λ/M)).Let K ⊆ ℕ. We define SΛ(K) = ∪d∈K{open subgroups of SL1d(Λ)}. We show that if K is infinite, then for Λ = [ ]p[[t]] and for Λ = ℤp a finitely generated non-abelian free pro-p group is residually-SΛ(K). We apply a probabilistic method, combined with Lie methods and a result on random generation in simple algebraic groups over local fields. It is surprising that the case of zero characteristic is deduced from the positive characteristic case.

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33

Cabero-Becerra, Martin, Jose Antonio Garcia Vela, Pedro Sanchez-Godoy, Angel Arias-Arias, Miguel Piris-Villaespesa, Nuria Pérez - Sanz, Sara Nova-Gurumeta, Belen Fernández-Cuevas, and Jose A. Garcia-Marco. "Increase in Mortality and Second Neoplasms in Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia with Pro/Pro Genotype of TP53 Codon 72." Blood 136, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2020): 13–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2020-141768.

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Chronic Lymphocytic Lymphoma (CLL) is a heterogeneous disease in which many important factors for its prognosis have been identified. The normal functioning of p53 is one of the most critical barriers against cancer; therefore, if it has a deletion and/or mutation, it is a robust biomarker for the therapeutic response in CLL. The possibility was raised that some germline single - nucleotide polymorphisms of TP53 in healthy populations may also affect p53 function. One of the most studied polymorphisms of the TP53 gene is codon 72 in exon 4, a CGC to CCC transition (R72P), due to its potential effect on cancer risk. As with many types of cancer, its association with a worse prognosis in CLL is unclear. We analyzed the relationship of the genotypes of the TP53 codon 72 polymorphism in a large cohort of patients with CLL, to demonstrate the association of codon 72 with the evolution of the disease. Using the IDIPHIM patient database, 558 patients with a diagnosis of CLL were included, with clinical data, immunophenotype studies, FISH, IgHV, and karyotype, at the time of diagnosis and during follow-up. The TP53 codon 72 Arg/Arg, Arg/Pro, and Pro/Pro genotypes were analyzed using RT-PCR and Sanger sequencing techniques. After analyzing the sample of patients, 321 patients with the Arg/Arg genotype, 202 with the Arg/Pro genotype, and 35 with the Pro/Pro genotype were found. In the comparative analysis of the three groups, the patients with the Pro/Pro genotype had a higher number of patients in advanced stages B and C. The latter had a significant association with Binet staging (p = 0.002) compared to the other groups. Likewise, patients with the Pro/Pro genotype had a higher incidence of Richter transformation, whose association was significant (p = 0.013). Also, the patients who were within the Pro/Pro genotype group showed a significant association (p = 0.030) with the Time to the first treatment (TFT), also observing that the group of patients with the Arg/Pro genotype had a more considerable time until your first treatment. 19.7% (110/558) had a second neoplasm, having a significantly higher association with the homozygous groups (Arg/Arg and Pro/Pro) than with the Arg/Pro group, which on the contrary, had fewer second neoplasms (p = 0.016) (see Table 1). Regarding the type of tumors, we found 14.5% of the bladder, 14.5% of the skin, 14.5% of the colon, 13.6% of the prostate, and 12.7% of the lung. No associations were found between Codon 72 and CD38+, ZAP70+, complex karyotype, IgHV, NOTCH-1, del 11q, 12+, p53, del 13q, TP53 mutation. Still, when forming a group between the p53 deletion and TP53 mutation, if significant differences were found (p = 0.023), Pro / Pro group had the highest percentage. The overall survival was 156.32 months (139.92 - 172.72), showing that patients with the Arg/Pro genotype live 40 months more significantly than the other groups (p = 0.028) (see Figure 1). Finally, in the multivariate analysis, age, complex karyotype, 11q deletion, p53 deletion, unmutated IgHV, and Pro/Pro genotype at codon 72 were identified as independent variables associated with an increased risk of death (see Table 2). In conclusion, the Pro/Pro genotype of TP53 Codon 72 has a potential role in the progression and the higher mortality of patients with CLL. Conversely, the Arg / Pro genotype was associated with a lower incidence of second malignancies and higher overall survival. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Gildenhuys, D., S. Ivanov, and O. Kharlampovich. "On a family of one-relator pro-p-groups." Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh: Section A Mathematics 124, no. 6 (1994): 1199–207. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0308210500030201.

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The problem of describing one-relator pro-p-groups of cohomological dimension two (along the lines of Lyndon's description of discrete one-relator groups of cohomological dimension two) is still open. The known method of passing by means of a suitable p-filtration to a graded Lie algebra is not applicable to the family of one-relator pro-p-groups presented in this article, since the relators cannot be separated from the p-th powers in the free pro-p-group. In terms of the p-filtrations, the relators come arbitrarily close to a p-th power, yet the groups they define have cohomological dimension two.

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Morton, Geraint, Legate Philip, Thomas Gilpin, Pik Ee Chan, Kaushik Guha, and Paul R. Kalra. "Does specialist review for patients with suspected heart failure predict better outcomes? An observational study on the utility of compliance with NICE guidelines." BMJ Open 8, no. 8 (August 2018): e021856. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-021856.

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ObjectivesCompare outcomes in patients with suspected heart failure (HF) and raised natriuretic peptides who are reviewed in a specialist HF clinic in line with National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) guidelines (compliant group) versus patients who are not reviewed in the clinic (non-compliant group).DesignRetrospective observational study.SettingSingle large UK district general hospital.Participants567 consecutive patients in primary care with raised N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-pro-BNP) levels (>400 pg/mL) from February to September 2014.Interventions161 (28%) patients were referred to the specialist HF clinic and 406 (72%) were not. Outcomes were compared between the two groups.Outcome measuresAll-cause and cardiovascular (CV) hospitalisations and all-cause mortality.ResultsThe compliant group were slightly younger than the non-compliant group (78±9 vs 80±9; p=0.019) but had much higher NT-pro-BNP (3108±4526 vs 2271±3637 pg/mL; p<0.0001). Despite this, over a mean follow-up period of 9±2 months, rates of all-cause hospitalisation (24% vs 44%; p<0.0001) and CV hospitalisation (3% vs 15%, p<0.0001) were significantly lower in the compliant group versus the non-compliant group, respectively. There was no significant difference in mortality rates (6% compliant group vs 8% non-compliant group; p=0.487).ConclusionsHospitalisation rates in patients with suspected HF and raised NT-pro-BNP were extremely high over a relatively short follow-up period. Patients reviewed in a specialist HF clinic had much higher NT-pro-BNP levels, suggesting they were at higher risk of adverse outcomes, yet also had significantly lower rates of all-cause and CV hospitalisation. Our findings support implementation of the relevant NICE guidelines for patients with suspected HF.

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Noszczyk-Nowak, A. "NT-pro-BNP and troponin I as predictors of mortality in dogs with heart failure." Polish Journal of Veterinary Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 1, 2011): 551–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/v10181-011-0082-z.

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NT-pro-BNP and troponin I as predictors of mortality in dogs with heart failure The purpose of this study was to develop prognostic models for heart failure in dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). The prospective study included 26 dogs with DCM and 58 healthy dogs. The ervation time median was 250 days (1-600 days). All the dogs were clinically examined, had echocardiography, electrocardiography, and morphological and biochemical blood sampling. Twenty four deaths were found in the group of dogs with DCM and 1 demise in the healthy dog's group. There was a significant increase in the level of NT-pro-BNP and cTnI (p<0.0005) in the group of dogs with DCM and a significant higher level of NT-pro-BNP and cTnI (p<0.0005) in the dead dogs from group with DCM that died or were euthanized up to the 60'th day of observation, compared to the animals that outlasted over 60 days of observation. The median level of NT-pro-BNP in the dogs which had short survival period (no more than 60 days) was 4865 pmol/L and the median level of cTnI in the same group of dogs was 0.63 ng/ml. The median level of NT-pro-BNP in the group of dogs with DCM, which lived longer than 60 days of observation was 978 pmol/l and the median level of cTnI in this group was 0.1 ng/ml. The level of NT-pro-BNP (r=0.79) and cTnI (r=0.4) correlated with the dogs' death. NT-pro-BNP and cTnI measurements could be useful to evaluate the survival the dogs with DCM. Increased level of NT-pro-BNP and cTnI is a bad prognosis. In the performed analysis of the Cox hazard regression it was found that cTnI level has a significant impact of the survival of the dogs (HR=8.54; Cl 1.1-46.6; p=0.02).

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Donley, Kyle M., Juan C. Gea-Banacloche, Robert M. Dean, Seth M. Steinberg, Richard W. Childs, Jeanne Odom, Kathleen Castro, Tracey Chinn, Daniel H. Fowler, and Michael R. Bishop. "Comparison of Empiric Versus Prophylactic Administration of Ceftazidime during Neutropenia Associated with Reduced-Intensity Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation (RIST)." Blood 104, no. 11 (November 16, 2004): 5100. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood.v104.11.5100.5100.

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Abstract Broad spectrum antibiotics are sometimes used prophylactically during the neutropenic phase of stem cell transplantation, but this practice is controversial. Possible benefits include the prevention of fever and infectious episodes. Possible disadvantages include increased usage of antibiotics with associated increases in cost, toxicities and development of antibiotic resistance. OBJECTIVE: To compare prophylactic (PRO) administration of ceftazidime at the beginning of neutropenia (ANC <500) vs. empirical (EMP) initiation of ceftazidime for neutropenic fever in RIST patients during the pre-engraftment period. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of all patients who received a RIST for hematologic malignancies in two different bone marrow transplant units at the NIH Clinical Center between 2000 and 2003. The PRO group was composed of 41 patients who received prophylactic ceftazidime 2 g iv q 8h when ANC <500. The EMP group was composed of 40 patients who received ceftazidime during neutropenia only if fever developed. Both groups were comparable in terms of baseline disease, age, sex, conditioning regimen (FLU/CY) and gut decontamination. Mean duration of neutropenia was 10.8 days in the PRO group and 13.7 days in the EMP group (p < 0.05), due to differences in GVHD prophylaxis and GCSF usage. RESULTS: The PRO group presented less episodes of neutropenic fever (16/41, 39% vs. 27/40, 67.5%, p < 0.05), less microbiologically documented infections (4/41, 10% vs 17/40, 43% p < 0.05) and less episodes of bacteremia (1 vs. 7). By Kaplan-Meier analysis the median time to developing fever was significantly longer in the PRO group (9.6 vs 6.8 days p = 0.03). The PRO group received, on average, 5.5 less days of broad-spectrum antibiotics (11.8 vs 17.3). The average number of days on ceftazidime was 10 in the PRO group and 7 in the EMP group. There were no significant toxicities associated with antibiotic use. The susceptibility to ceftazidime on the bacterial isolates from both transplant units did not change significantly between 1999 and 2003, despite the different patterns of antibiotic use. CONCLUSION: Prophylaxis with ceftazidime may prevent neutropenic fever and microbiologically documented infections during the pre-engraftment phase of RIST, and may result in decreased utilization of broad-spectrum antibiotics.

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Green, Michael S., Benjamin T. Corona, J. Andrew Doyle, and Christopher P. Ingalls. "Carbohydrate-Protein Drinks Do Not Enhance Recovery from Exercise-Induced Muscle Injury." International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism 18, no. 1 (February 2008): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsnem.18.1.1.

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This study examined the effects of carbohydrate (CHO), carbohydrate-protein (CHO+PRO), or placebo (PLA) beverages on recovery from novel eccentric exercise. Female participants performed 30 min of downhill treadmill running (–12% grade, 8.0 mph), followed by consumption of a CHO, CHO+PRO, or PLA beverage immediately, 30, and 60 min after exercise. CHO and CHO+PRO groups (n = 6 per group) consumed 1.2 g · kg body weight–1 · hr–1 CHO, with the CHO+PRO group consuming an additional 0.3 g · kg body weight–1 · hr–1 PRO. The PLA group (n = 6) received an isovolumetric noncaloric beverage. Maximal isometric quadriceps strength (QUAD), lower extremity muscle soreness (SOR), and serum creatine kinase (CK) were assessed preinjury (PRE) and immediately and 1, 2, and 3 d postinjury to assess exercise-induced muscle injury and rate of recovery. There was no effect of treatment on recovery of QUAD (p = .21), SOR (p = .56), or CK (p = .59). In all groups, QUAD was reduced compared with PRE by 20.6% ± 1.5%, 17.2% ± 2.3%, and 11.3% ± 2.3% immediately, 1, and 2 d postinjury, respectively (p < .05). SOR peaked at 2 d postinjury (PRE vs. 2 d, 3.1 ± 1.0 vs. 54.0 ± 4.8 mm, p < .01), and serum CK peaked 1 d postinjury (PRE vs. 1 d, 138 ± 47 vs. 757 ± 144 U/L, p < .01). In conclusion, consuming a CHO+PRO or CHO beverage immediately after novel eccentric exercise failed to enhance recovery of exercise-induced muscle injury differently than what was observed with a PLA drink.

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Yu, Qianli, Ronald R. Watson, John J. Marchalonis, and Douglas F. Larson. "A role for T lymphocytes in mediating cardiac diastolic function." American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology 289, no. 2 (August 2005): H643—H651. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpheart.00073.2005.

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The induction of T helper (TH) lymphocytes by distinct TH ligands results in a differentiation to TH1/TH2 subsets based on their unique pattern of cytokine secretion and effector functions. We hypothesized that the relative proportion of TH1/TH2 directly relates to cardiac fibroblast (CF) function and thereby cardiac extracellular matrix (ECM) composition and cardiac diastolic function in the absence of injury or altered wall stress. We compared the effect of selective TH1 with TH2 inducers on cardiac gene expression, ECM composition, and diastolic function in C57BL/J mice. Twelve weeks after immune modulation, the left ventricular stiffness (β) was significantly increased in the TH1 group and decreased in the TH2 group ( P < 0.01). The TH2 group also demonstrated significantly increased end-diastolic and end-systolic volumes ( P < 0.01). Cardiac gene expression patterns for pro-matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 and -13 were increased by greater than fivefold in the TH2 group and significantly decreased in the TH1 group ( P < 0.05). The total cardiac collagen and cross-linked collagen were significantly increased in the TH1 group and decreased in the TH2 group ( P < 0.01). Coculturing lymphocytes harvested from the treated mice with naive primary CF demonstrated a direct control of the lymphocytes on CF pro-collagen, pro-MMP gene expression, and MMP activity. These results suggest that the TH phenotype differentially affects diastolic function through modulating CF pro-collagen and pro-MMP gene expression, MMP activity, and cardiac collagen cross-linking, resulting in altered ECM composition. Thus modulation of TH lymphocyte function could promote adaptive remodeling in heart failure and postmyocardial infarction.

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KOCHLOUKOVA, DESSISLAVA H., and ALINE G. S. PINTO. "Centre-by-metabelian pro-p groups of type FPm." Mathematical Proceedings of the Cambridge Philosophical Society 145, no. 2 (September 2008): 305–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305004108001163.

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Kjaer, Marie, Amalie Kruse Sigersted Frederiksen, Neel Ingemann Nissen, Nicholas Willumsen, Gerrit van Hall, Lars Nannestad Jorgensen, Jens Rikardt Andersen, and Magnus S. Ågren. "Multinutrient Supplementation Increases Collagen Synthesis during Early Wound Repair in a Randomized Controlled Trial in Patients with Inguinal Hernia." Journal of Nutrition 150, no. 4 (January 3, 2020): 792–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/jn/nxz324.

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ABSTRACT Background Inguinal hernia disease is associated with an imbalanced collagen metabolism. Surgical stress has a negative impact on nutrients important for collagen synthesis. Objective We hypothesized that supplementation with a combination of nutrients would enhance collagen biosynthesis in inguinal hernia disease patients when undergoing hernia repair. Methods In this exploratory randomized controlled trial, 21 men (age: 55.2 ± 2.8 y; BMI: 25.0 ± 0.7 kg/m2) scheduled for Lichtenstein inguinal hernia repair were assigned to multinutrient supplementation (n = 10; multinutrient group) or no multinutrient supplementation (n = 11; control group). The multinutrient group received 14 g l-arginine, 14 g l-glutamine, 1250 mg vitamin C, and 55 mg zinc daily starting 14 d before surgery and ending 14 d after surgery. The multinutrient and control groups received high-quality protein to ensure a daily intake of 1.5 g protein/kg. Collagen biosynthesis was measured by the biomarkers type I procollagen propeptide (CICP), type III procollagen propeptide (PRO-C3), and type V procollagen propeptide (PRO-C5) in the sera on days −14, 0, and 1, and in the wound fluids on postoperative days 1 and 2. Compliance was recorded after the 28-d intervention period. Results Serum PRO-C5 concentrations decreased (P < 0.05) postoperatively in the control but not the multinutrient group. Neither CICP nor PRO-C3 serum concentrations differed significantly between the 2 groups. In wound fluid, the CICP concentrations increased (P < 0.05) from days 1 to 2 in the multinutrient group and were 49% higher (P = 0.10) than those in the control group on day 2. Wound fluid concentrations PRO-C3 and PRO-C5 showed no significant time or group differences. The 28-d compliance was similar (P = 0.27) in the 2 groups. Conclusion Oral supplementation with arginine, glutamine, vitamin C, and zinc augment collagen synthesis during the first 2 d after inguinal hernia repair. This trial was registered at clinicaltrials.gov as NCT03221686.

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Krishna, Bandi Hari, Pravati Pal, G. K. Pal, J. Balachander, E. Jayasettiaseelon, Y. Sreekanth, M. G. Sridhar, and G. S. Gaur. "A Randomized Controlled Trial to Study the Effect of Yoga Therapy on Cardiac Function and N Terminal Pro BNP in Heart Failure." Integrative Medicine Insights 9 (January 2014): IMI.S13939. http://dx.doi.org/10.4137/imi.s13939.

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Aims The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether yoga training in addition to standard medical therapy can improve cardiac function and reduce N terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide (NT pro BNP) in heart failure (HF). Methods 130 patients were recruited and randomized into two groups: Control Group (CG) ( n = 65), Yoga Group (YG). In YG, 44 patients and in CG, 48 patients completed the study. Cardiac function using left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), myocardial performance index (Tei index), and NT pro BNP, a biomarker of HF, was assessed at baseline and after 12 weeks. Result Improvement in LVEF, Tei index, and NT pro BNP were statistically significant in both the groups. Furthermore, when the changes in before and after 12 weeks were in percentage, LVEF increased 36.88% in the YG and 16.9% in the CG, Tei index was reduced 27.87% in the YG and 2.79% in the CG, NT pro BNP was reduced 63.75% in the YG and 10.77% in the CG. The between group comparisons from pre to post 12 weeks were significant for YG improvements (LVEF, P < 0.01, Tei index, P < 0.01, NT pro BNP, P < 0.01). Conclusion These results indicate that the addition of yoga therapy to standard medical therapy for HF patients has a markedly better effect on cardiac function and reduced myocardial stress measured using NT pro BNP in patients with stable HF.

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Wilborn, Colin D., Jordan J. Outlaw, Petey W. Mumford, Stacie L. Urbina, Sara Hayward, Michael D. Roberts, Lem W. Taylor, and Cliffa A. Foster. "A Pilot Study Examining the Effects of 8-Week Whey Protein versus Whey Protein Plus Creatine Supplementation on Body Composition and Performance Variables in Resistance-Trained Women." Annals of Nutrition and Metabolism 69, no. 3-4 (2016): 190–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000452845.

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Aims: We performed a pilot study examining the effects of whey protein and creatine supplementation (PRO + CRE group) versus whey protein supplementation (PRO group) alone on body composition and performance variables in a limited number of resistance-trained women. Methods: Seventeen resistance-trained women (21 ± 3 years, 64.7 ± 8.2 kg, 23.5 kg/m2, 26.6 ± 4.8% body fat, >6 months of training) performed a 4-day per week split-body resistance training program for 8 weeks. Subjects ingested either 24 g PRO (n = 9) or 24 g whey plus 5 g creatine monohydrate (PRO + CRE, n = 8) following each exercise bout. At baseline (T1), 4 weeks (T2) and 8 weeks (T3), body composition was measured by dual X-ray absorptiometry (DXA), strength measures (leg press and bench press one repetition maximum) and lower-body power measures were determined. Results: DXA lean mass increased from T1 to T3 in both groups (PRO: +2.5 kg, p < 0.001; PRO + CRE: +2.5 kg, p < 0.001), although no differences between groups were observed. Compared to T1 values, performance measures similarly increased in both groups from T1 to T3 although, no between-group differences were observed. Conclusions: PRO + CRE did not enhance training adaptations compared to PRO, albeit studies employing longer-term interventions with larger sample sizes are needed in order to confirm or disprove our findings.

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Bahtiyar, Nurten, Aysun Yoldaş, Birsen Aydemir, and Selmin Toplan. "Influence of hyperthyroidism on hepatic antioxidants and cytokines Levels: An Experimental Study." Medical Science and Discovery 7, no. 3 (March 23, 2020): 439–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.36472/msd.v7i3.362.

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Objective: Thyroid diseases greatly affect the liver. Hyperthyroidism can affect the function of the liver. This study aimed to investigate the possible change of antioxidant and pro-inflammatory cytokines levels in liver tissue in hyperthyroid rats. Material and Methods: This study was carried out with 2 experimental groups. Hyperthyroid group was fed with 4 mg/kg L-thyroxine added standard fodder. Control group was fed with standard rat fodder. Liver selenium (Se) levels were measured by inductively coupled plasma optical emission spectrophotometer (ICP-OES). The antioxidant markers such as Selenoprotein P (SelP), and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and the pro-inflammatory cytokines such as Interleukin (IL)-18, and Tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) levels were studied in liver tissues by ELISA. All markers levels of liver samples were measured in tissue homogenates. Results: Se, SelP, and GPx levels of the hyperthyroidism group were lower than the control group. (p=0.038, p=0.046, p=0.008 respectively). There was a significant increase in IL-18 and TNF-α levels in hyperthyroidism group when compared to control group (p=0.002, p=0.023 respectively). There was positive correlation between FT3 and FT4, IL-18 and TNF-α (r=0.761, r=0.843, and r=0.826 respectively), but there was negative correlation between FT3 and Se, SelP, and GPx (r=-0.833, r=-0.754, and r=-0.778 respectively). Conclusion: Our findings showed that antioxidant marker levels were decreased, and pro-inflammatory cytokine levels were increased in liver tissues of hyperthyroid rats. These findings suggest that impaired antioxidant and pro-inflammatory status may play a role in liver pathogenesis due to hyperthyroidism.

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Xuan, Zhidong, Haixia Liu, Chao Li, and Yongrong Liu. "Wavelet Bilateral Filter Algorithm-Based High-Frequency Ultrasound Image Analysis on Effects of Skin Scar Repair." Scientific Programming 2021 (August 2, 2021): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9573474.

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It aimed to explore the application value of high-frequency ultrasound image based on the wavelet bilateral filtering algorithm in the repair evaluation of hypertrophic scar and keloid, as well as the expression change of nerve growth factor (NGF). 72 patients with scars admitted to hospital from October 2018 to October 2019 were chosen and classified as hypertrophic scar patients (group A) and keloid patients (group B), with 36 cases in each group. All patients received scar repair treatment, and another 30 normal skin volunteers (group C) were selected. High-frequency ultrasound images based on the wavelet bilateral filter algorithm were utilized for skin examination. The expression differences of NGF and pro-NGF in each group were measured by immunohistochemical staining and Western blot. The results showed that the denoising effect (signal-to-noise ratio (PSNR) = 33.2762), structural similarity (SSIM = 0.8963), and edge similarity (FoM = 0.2975) of the proposed algorithm were better than those of bilateral filtering and wavelet soft-threshold algorithms. The skin thickness of groups A and B was considerably higher relative to that of group C ( P < 0.05), but the echo intensity of the skin dermis of groups A and B was evidently inferior to that of group C ( P < 0.05). The results of immunohistochemistry showed that in contrast to group C, the average optical density of NGF in groups A and B increased remarkably ( P < 0.01). In contrast to group C, the positive expression of pro-NGF in groups A and B was notably reduced ( P < 0.05). Western blot results showed that relative to group C, the expression of NGF protein in groups A and B was increased greatly ( P < 0.01), but the expression of pro-NGF protein in groups A and B was reduced ( P < 0.01). The results suggested that the wavelet bilateral filter algorithm can be adopted to evaluate pathological skin scars, and pathological skin scar formation was closely related to the expression levels of NGF and pro-NGF.

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Mann, Avionam. "An inequality for group presentations." Bulletin of the Australian Mathematical Society 62, no. 3 (December 2000): 467–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0004972700018980.

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To Bernhard Neumann on his 90th BirthdayWe prove an inequality involving the number of relations and of relations and of generators of any group, and derive some consequences. The proof applies the theory of pro-p groups.

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Allon, Irit, Yakir Anavi, and Dror M. Allon. "Topical Simvastatin Improves the Pro-Angiogenic and Pro-Osteogenic Properties of Bioglass Putty in the Rat Calvaria Critical-Size Model." Journal of Oral Implantology 40, no. 3 (June 1, 2014): 251–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1563/aaid-joi-d-11-00222.

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Objective was to describe the effect of bioactive glass putty with and without topical simvastatin on new bone formation in critical-sized defects of rat calvaria. A calvarial bone defect was created in 20 male Wistar rats and filled with bioactive glass alone (n = 10) or combined with simvastatin (n = 10). After 4 weeks, the defects were histomorphometrically evaluated for volume fraction (Vv) of woven bone, vessel density, bioglass quantity, and inflammation. Compared to the bioglass-only group, rats treated with simvastatin had greater Vv of blood vessels (3.3% ± 0.7 vs 1.6% ± 0.1, P = .0002) and new bone (2.3% ± 0.2 vs 1.8% ± 2.5, P = .003). The Vv of the bioglass remnants in the bioglass-only group was higher than in the group treated with simvastatin (2.4% ± 0.08 vs 1.7% ± 0.3, P < .0004). Chronic inflammation was noted in 1 rat from each group. Topical simvastatin seems to improve the pro-angiogenic and pro-osteogenic properties of bioglass putty in rat calvaria critical-size defects without significant inflammation.

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Myasoedova, E. I., O. S. Polunina, L. P. Voronina, and G. A. Mukhambetova. "Pro-adrenomedullin level in chronic forms of coronary heart disease: relationship with systolic function of the left ventricle." Kazan medical journal 100, no. 3 (June 13, 2019): 381–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/kmj2019-381.

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Aim. To assess the level of pro-adrenomedullin in patients with chronic forms of coronary heart disease and to identify possible relationship with the indicators of left ventricular systolic function. Methods. 110 patients with ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction [average age 54.9 (42; 64) years] and 130 patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy [average age 55.2 (42; 64) years] were observed. All patients underwent transthoracic echocardiography by a standard technique and pulsed-wave tissue Doppler, left ventricular ejection fraction and myocardial performance index (Tei index) were calculated, maximum systolic velocity of the lateral part of the fibrous ring of the mitral valve was estimated. Pro-adrenomedullin level was measured in serum. Results. In both groups the level of pro-adrenomedullin was statistically significantly higher than the control values — 0.49 (0.18; 0.58] nmol/L (p <0.017 and p <0.001, respectively). At the same time, in the group of patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, the level of pro-adrenomedullin was statistically significantly higher than in the group of patients with ischemic heart disease and myocardial infarction with preserved left ventricular ejection fraction [1.72 (1.56; 1.98) nmol/l and 0.89 (0.51; 1.35) nmol/l, p <0.001]. Correlation analysis in both groups revealed statistically significant associations of the pro-adrenomedullin level with the left ventricular ejection fraction (r=–0.45, p=0.039, r=–0.51, p=0.034), maximum longitudinal velocity of the left ventricle (r=0.50, p=0.027, r=0.59, p=0.019), Tei-index (r=0.50, p=0.027, r=0.59, p=0.019). Conclusion. The data obtained demonstrate the potential of determining the level of pro-adrenomedullin as a biochemical marker of left ventricular dysfunction.

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Mizuno, Seiichi, Keiichi Matsuura, Takanobu Gotou, Shingo Nishimura, Osami Kajimoto, Mitsuharu Yabune, Yoshitaka Kajimoto, and Naoyuki Yamamoto. "Antihypertensive effect of casein hydrolysate in a placebo-controlled study in subjects with high-normal blood pressure and mild hypertension." British Journal of Nutrition 94, no. 1 (July 2005): 84–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1079/bjn20051422.

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We describe a clinical trial to study the efficacy of a casein hydrolysate, prepared using an Aspergillus oryzae protease, containing the major angiotensin-I-converting enzyme inhibitory peptides Val-Pro-Pro (VPP) and Ile-Pro-Pro (IPP) in a single-blind, placebo-controlled study. A total of 131 volunteers with high-normal blood pressure and mild hypertension were randomly divided into four groups (n 32 or 33 in each group). Each volunteer was given two tablets containing four different dosages of VPP and IPP (VPP+IPP: 0, 1·8, 2·5 and 3·6 mg), daily for 6 weeks. A significant decrease in systolic blood pressure was observed at 6 weeks in the active group receiving 1·8 mg (P<0·01) VPP and IPP; in the active groups receiving either 2·5 mg or 3·6 mg, systolic blood pressure was decreased at both 3 weeks (P<0·05 and P<0·05) and 6 weeks (P<0·001 and P<0·0001) compared with systolic blood pressure measured before treatment. Changes in the systolic blood pressure after 6 weeks of treatment in the four groups were −1·7, −6·3, −6·7 and −10·1 mmHg, and these effects were dose dependent. In addition, a significant difference in systolic blood pressure between the placebo group and the VPP and IPP group receiving 3·6 mg was observed (P<0·001) by two-way ANOVA. The antihypertensive effect was greater in mildly hypertensive subjects (n 20 or 21 in each group) than in any of the other subjects. No significant change of diastolic blood pressure was observed for all the test groups, and no differences in diastolic blood pressure in the test sample groups compared with the placebo group were observed during the test period.

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Delaney, CL, and JI Spark. "A randomised controlled trial of two supervised exercise regimens and their impact on inflammatory burden in patients with intermittent claudication." Vascular 24, no. 3 (November 12, 2015): 264–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1708538115617622.

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Objective This study assesses the impact of treadmill-based SET alone or in combination with resistance training on systemic inflammatory response, in patients with intermittent claudication (IC). Methods Thirty-five patients with IC were randomised to 12 weeks of treadmill-only SET (Group 1) or a combination of treadmill and lower-limb resistance SET (Group 2). A panel of pro- and anti-inflammatory markers were assessed before, during and after the SET. Results Over the duration of SET, homocysteine increased within Group 1 (12.0–15.5 µmol/L, p = 0.003) but not Group 2, (13.7–14.7 µmol/) while neutrophil elastase (NE) increased within Group 2 (174.5–238.2 ng/mL, p = 0.007) but not Group 1 (300.8–312.0 ng/mL). In both groups NE increased following acute exercise at the start of the SET. Differences in cytokine expression was evident between the two groups (in Group 1, pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-12 and interferon-gamma decreased following an acute bout of exercise at the end of SET, where as in Group 2 pro-inflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 and 8 were seen to increase after an acute bout of exercise at the end of SET). Conclusion SET in patients with IC influences the complex immune-modulatory state of atherosclerosis through inflammatory pathways that induce both pro-inflammatory and immunosuppressive responses.

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