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Kim, Soon-Yang. "Advocacy Coalition and Strategic Interaction in Korean Health Policy-making: Debates on the Privatization of Medical Services under the Park Geun-hye Government." Korean Association of Governance Studies 32, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 91–128. http://dx.doi.org/10.26847/mspa.2022.32.2.91.
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The purpose of this article is to analyze the political dynamics of The debates on medical services privatization under the Park Geun-hye government through the integrative analytical framework combining diverse components such as environmental contexts, belief systems, policy interests, strategic interaction and policy outputs. The Park Geun-hye government propelled medical services privatization centering the establishment of subsidiary companies of medical corporations and the introduction of the tele-medicine system. Business interest groups and hospital associations supported this idea. Proponents of medical services privatization put forward the economic value of privatization as its belief systems. Meanwhile, opponents of medical services privatization consisted of medical associations, opposition parties, and progressive- mined civic groups and trade unions. Some opponent members formulated an advocacy coalition, whereas medical professionals solely undertook collective actions to block medical services privatization. Opposition parties effectively made use of the filibuster institution to frustrate the legislation of the relevant laws for medical services privatization. Environmental context impacted the debates as a policy window. The policy intention of Park Geun-hye government to introduce medical services privatization was frustrated going through a series of political dynamics of policy debates. A concluding part discussed the characteristics of the debates and suggested policy implications.
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Dye, Alan, and Sumner La Croix. "The Political Economy of Land Privatization in Argentina and Australia, 1810–1850: A Puzzle." Journal of Economic History 73, no. 4 (November 15, 2013): 901–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022050713000831.
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In early public land privatization, governments in New South Wales and Buenos Aires provided for de jure transfer of public lands. In New South Wales the government lost control; squatters rushed out unlawfully and seized de facto frontier claims. But in Buenos Aires privatization was accomplished by de jure transfers. Why did British settlers reject de jure transfers from a government, most able to secure property rights and rule of law, while settlers of the pampa frontier, where property-rights security was doubtful, complied with de jure transfers? We find that the revenue objective and violence on the frontier explain this puzzle.
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Kuwaiti, Ahmed Al, and Fahd A. Al Muhanna. "Challenges of privatizing academic medical centers in Saudi Arabia and appropriate strategies for implementation." International Journal of Health Governance 25, no. 1 (February 29, 2020): 68–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijhg-06-2019-0048.
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PurposeA crisis in the financial sustainability of the public healthcare sector often compels governments to consider privatization. The purpose of this paper is to summarize various strategies to overcome the challenges facing the privatization of academic medical centers (AMCs) in Saudi Arabia.Design/methodology/approachIn this paper, the authors discuss the challenges faced in privatizing AMCs in delivering their core functions such as patient care, medical education and research. Further, the appropriate strategies are listed to overcome these challenges in privatization of AMCs.FindingsThe authors described the benefits of privatization that include a reduction in the financial burden on government healthcare expenditure, quick decision making and creation of new financial models to improve healthcare services. On the other hand, the profit motive of private management could create pressure on patients and may divert AMCs from their primary objectives. Therefore, it is imperative for the government to develop and implement appropriate strategies that balance the benefits of privatizing AMCs with eliminating the negative impact of privatization on patient care, medical education and research.Originality/valueThough AMCs privatization is currently feasible in Saudi Arabia, appropriate strategies are essential to overcome the challenges of its implementation. The government should frame a uniform rules and regulations prior to privatizing public hospitals so that it will fulfill the purpose in an efficient manner.
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Danso, Eugene. "The Complexity of Business-Government Relations in Ghana: Implication for State-Market-Society Nexus." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 10, no. 4 (November 19, 2020): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v10i4.17732.
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The complexity of business-government relations in the globalized economy cannot be underestimated. This is the product of the cross-cutting effects of a long-term policy shift heightened by globalization, coupled with privatization. Central to this, is the emergence of ideologies within the contours of the state-market-society landscape. Ghana’s privatization experience is typical of this major ideological approach to business-government relations. As a qualitative study, this paper adopts unobtrusive content analysis of an empirical study of the privatization of Ashanti Goldfields Company (AGC). This paper argues that Ghana’s adoption of privatization policy has yielded undesirable policy outcomes due to the complexities of the divestiture process which had adverse effect on the state-market-society nexus.
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Murillo, M. Victoria. "Political Bias in Policy Convergence: Privatization Choices in Latin America." World Politics 54, no. 4 (July 2002): 462–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/wp.2002.0014.
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Since the early 1980s privatization has spread in Latin America under both right-wing rulers and populist presidents. This regional convergence toward privatization seemed to announce the end of partisan policy-making. However, not all governments implement privatization in the same way even in the context of policy convergence. Technocrats propose similar policy options in countries where capital dearth creates pressures for convergence. Yet politicians build the electoral and government coalitions that make these policies possible, and their preferences shape the institutions chosen at implementation. The “bias” introduced by politicians depends on their prior beliefs and constituencies, which shape their institutional preferences. Beliefs about economic nationalism and state intervention influence the selection of regulations at the time of privatization, whereas coalition buildingwith political constituencies shapes the definition of selling conditions in privatized companies. This “political bias,” which is contingent on the privatizing government, explains that the regional policy convergence toward privatization did not extend to its implementation. That is, although politicians may be losing influence about whether to privatize, they still have a say in the choice of how to privatize. This article analyzes the impact of this “political bias” by focusing on the choice of regulatory institutions and selling conditions in five cases of privatization of electricity and telecommunications in Latin America.
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Yadav, Baidya Nath Prasad. "Privatization Policy: Its Economic and Social Impacts." Academic Voices: A Multidisciplinary Journal 4 (March 28, 2015): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v4i0.12349.
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Privatization is one of the major policies to the world for improving the illhealthof national economy. Its primary goal is to reduce the financial burden of government through privatization of all loss makers' public enterprises. Besides this, it also helps to increase the competition among all privatized enterprises to promote productivity and profitability. It makes able to all privatized enterprises to operate freely in context to quality, quantity, taste, design, colour, packaging, pricing, promoting for generating the profit. Consequently, privatized enterprises use full resources, increase productivity, run in profitability, develop rapidly, provide more jobs to unemployed workers with high salary and benefits, pay more taxes to government, raise per capita income, facilitate consumers to select desired products, bear well responses to society. Lastly, nation improves itself economically and socially. This paper embodies the discussion of concept, objectives, methods, impacts and conditions for success of privatization.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/av.v4i0.12349Academic Voices Vol.4 2014: 1-8
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Faulhaber, Gerald R. "Privatization: The key to better government." Information Economics and Policy 3, no. 3 (1988): 269–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0167-6245(88)90007-8.
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Irnawan, Alzaena Geanina, and Ida Bagus Suryawan. "Privatisasi Sempadan Pantai oleh Akomodasi Pariwisata di Denpasar." JURNAL DESTINASI PARIWISATA 7, no. 2 (December 31, 2019): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jdepar.2019.v07.i02.p01.
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The privatization of the current coastal border began to bloom in many areas of Bali. No exception in Sanur Beach, Denpasar. In this study the privatization of coastal border is done by the accommodation provider of Santrian Resorts and Villas, which houses two hotels, including Puri Santrian A Beach Resort and Spa and Griya Santrian A Beach Resort. The purpose of this research is to know the form of privatization conducted by Santrian Resorts and Villas at Sanur Beach. As well as knowing the Denpasar city government policy on the privatization of beach border in Sanur Beach. The research methodology used in this research is qualitative research. The method are use in-depth interview technique and observation. Santrian Resorts and Villas is right to practice the privatization of coastal border. Therefore, many activities of tourists, tourists and informal business actors in the field of tourism becomes disrupted. Although there is already a policy on coastal border made by the Denpasar City Government, the policy is considered not yet firm in following up the violation. This is one reason why the practice of beach border privatization is still rife.
Keyword : Tourism Policy, Privatization of Coastal Border, Tourism Law
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Anggraeny, Isdian. "ANALISIS HUKUM PRIVATISASI BADAN USAHA MILIK NEGARA DALAM PRESPEKTIF PASAL 33 AYAT (4) UUD 1945." Jurnal Ilmiah Hukum LEGALITY 24, no. 1 (March 31, 2017): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/jihl.v24i1.4262.
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The constitutional mandate of Article 33 Constitution - the welfare of the people and the community needs to establish the state-owned does not seem to be carried to the maximum so bergulirlah privatization policy. Strengthening this policy led to the privatization provisions in Act Number 19 of 2003 about Corporate Government . In connection with the birth of the concept of privatization which is the concept of capitalism, the author felt the need to analyze the law on the privatization of state-owned enterprises in Indonesia in the perspective of Constitution Article 33 paragraph (4). This study shows that the policy direction expected Privatization is a system of management of state enterprises more efficient and productive and achieve good corporate governance principles. To achieve that goal setting is certainly Corporate Government privatization in the Act should remain in line with the spirit of the economic constitution contained in Constitution Article 33 paragraph (4) because the state continues to run control function through the sectors regulation privatized state enterprises carry out its activities.
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Kaur, Simrit, and S. P. Jain. "Privatization and Public Regulation." Paradigm 1, no. 2 (January 1998): 109–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0971890719980217.
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In many developing and developed countries, privatization through transfer of ownership from public to the private hands is considered as a cure for most of the problems faced by the public sector enterprises (PSEs.) However, policy makers tend to forget that both the systems – private and public – are imperfect. If market failure necessitates the need for government intervention, then failures associated with the government require more market friendly policies. This implies that at any point of time both systems will coexist i.e. privatization will go hand in hand. The present article attempts to discuss the modalities of privatization options and public regulation adopted by India.
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Hansen, Kenneth N., and Theodore J. Stumm. "Reinvesting Government: Financing Options for Military Base Redevelopment." American Review of Politics 26 (January 1, 2006): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.15763/issn.2374-7781.2005-2006.26.0.405-423.
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This paper explores the issues of “privatization in place” versus public enterprise with regard to military base redevelopment. Three case studies are used to examine three research proposals having to do with public involvement, market solutions and policy outcomes. We find that while politically popular, privatization provides little in the way of civilian job creation and income replacement at former military bases. Instead, the case of Alexandria, Louisiana, supports the idea that public enterprise authorities can and do provide economic recovery for their communities. The federal government seems to agree given that privatization was not an option for base conversions in the 2005 closure round.
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Quoc Trung, Trinh, and Nguyen Van Tan. "Tax incentive policy and firm performance: evidence from Vietnam." Investment Management and Financial Innovations 17, no. 2 (July 1, 2020): 277–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/imfi.17(2).2020.22.
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This paper aims to assess the impact of the tax incentive policy on firm performance after privatization in Vietnam. Using research data of 260 privatized enterprises in Vietnam, this study sheds light on whether tax incentive policies can help improve firm performance after privatization. The paper utilizes a pre-post comparison approach proposed by Megginson, Nash, and Van Randenborgh (1994). The research results reveal that privatized enterprises with tax incentives have improved profitability (ROA, ROE, ROS) and operating efficiency (NIEFF) and reduced leverage after privatization. A statistical reduction in the number of employed and an improvement in output (real income) after privatization are not observed. Besides, there is no statistical evidence proving that privatized enterprises have experienced significant changes in standard deviations of firm performance measures after privatization in Vietnam. Given significant improvements in the profitability of post-privatized enterprises with tax incentives, the authors propose some managerial implications for the Vietnamese government, investors and non-privatized state-owned enterprises (SOEs).
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Parry, Taryn Rounds. "Decentralization and Privatization: Education Policy in Chile." Journal of Public Policy 17, no. 1 (January 1997): 107–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00003457.
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ABSTRACTMany countries have experimented with decentralization and privatization policies in hopes of increasing public sector efficiency. This article explores the impact of decentralization and privatization of education in Chile. Decentralization did have some benefits such as improved administrative efficiency and greater productive efficiency. However, government size, as measured by the total personnel working in the education sector, increased under decentralization. Privatization of education in Chile created a type of voucher system. Although educators are more accountable to parents who compare products, the greatest problem is that schools do not necessarily respond to competition by promoting better quality education. Comparisons of student performance in public and private schools in Chile is not conclusive, but national average scores have not risen even though private provision of education has expanded dramatically while public education has waned. Finally, both decentralization and privatization resulted in greater inequity in expenditures and in the performance of students from different income groups.
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Brown, Trevor L. "Local Autonomy versus Central Control during Transition: Explaining Local Policy Outputs in Post-Soviet Ukraine." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 20, no. 6 (December 2002): 889–909. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c25m.
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Many post-Soviet central governments have assigned numerous policy responsibilities to local governments, but have simultaneously constrained local autonomy in an effort to ensure that local governments pursue central objectives. In this paper, I examine the interplay between local autonomy and central control in one post-Soviet central government—Ukraine—by examining the case of small-enterprise privatization. Shortly after Ukraine's independence, the central government transferred ownership of state-run small enterprises to local governments, but required that local governments meet annual privatization targets set by a central agency. Some local governments have met the annual targets, while others have lagged behind. The results of an empirical analysis of local privatization levels indicate that central control mechanisms currently have limited influence over local decisionmaking. The results demonstrate that, instead, local elections have increased the influence of local groups whose interests do not always coincide with those of the central government. In response, the central government has instituted several changes to the intergovernmental finance system that are likely to increase central government authority and continue to move Ukraine towards a system in which local governments carry a heavy service-delivery load with limited autonomy.
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Tallevi, Ashley. "Out of Sight, Out of Mind? Measuring the Relationship between Privatization and Medicaid Self-Reporting." Journal of Health Politics, Policy and Law 43, no. 2 (April 1, 2018): 137–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1215/03616878-4303489.
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Abstract Privatization has grown exponentially, both in salience and in form, over the past several decades. This shifting of administrative authority away from the state can make it difficult for program recipients to link their use of a federal program back to government, a disconnect known as “submerging” the state. However, privatization is a process that occurs in degrees, and not all privatization initiatives look alike. This study leverages variation in the implementation of Medicaid managed care, which is the most widespread form of Medicaid privatization, to examine how privatization maps onto state submersion and affects state visibility. This analysis shows that, although Medicaid managed care enrollment, at large, does not relate to recipients' self-reported Medicaid enrollment, when privatized Medicaid plans introduce administrative designs that obscure the role of government, Medicaid self-reporting declines. These findings demonstrate that policy recipients are less able to recognize both the personal relevance of a specific public program and the public nature of this interaction when privatized programs utilize design features that attenuate signals of government involvement. In highlighting this disconnect, this article shows how privatization makes it more difficult for policy recipients to engage in the civic sphere as informed advocates for their self-interest.
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Diyanto, Chafid, Ika Riswanti Putranti, Teguh Yuwono, and Tri Yuniningsih. "KEBIJAKAN OTONOMI PERGURUAN TINGGI INDONESIA: ANTARA PRIVATISASI DAN KOMERSIALISASI." Ijtimaiyya: Jurnal Pengembangan Masyarakat Islam 14, no. 1 (July 28, 2021): 1–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.24042/ijpmi.v14i1.7574.
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The basic principle of the New Public Management (NPM) paradigm is to run state administration as it moves the business sector (run government like a business or market as a solution to the ills in the public sector). This strategy needs to be implemented so that the old model of bureaucracy that is slow, rigid and bureaucratic is ready to answer the challenges of the globalization era. The privatization of higher education in the form of PTN BH and BLU is an autonomous form of higher education institutions by adopting the values of NPM. In practice, there appears to be a shift and misunderstanding of the value of privatization which is interpreted as the commercialization of higher education. This article concludes that this higher education privatization policy has a negative impact, namely the commercialization of higher education, which if allowed to continue will grow the capitalization of education. Education can only be accessed by the owners of capital, while the lower class people are increasingly marginalized. Evaluation of the higher education privatization policy must be carried out immediately by the government in order to make improvements even if it is necessary to revoke and change the privatization policy of higher education.Keywords: Education, Privatization, Commercialization
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Priemus, Hugo. "Spatial-Economic Investment Policy and Urban Regeneration in the Netherlands." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 20, no. 5 (October 2002): 775–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c0212.
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The Netherlands has a certain reputation in the areas of spatial policy, infrastructure policy, and urban policy. In the 1980s the national governments of many countries became less directly involved, with the consequence that spatial policy and urban policy were left more to the marketplace. In that period, this trend could also be observed in the Netherlands. Since the mid-1990s, however, in the Netherlands there has been a new public commitment to infrastructure policy and urban policy, and also to spatial policy. In this paper I account for this marked change of course by the extra profits which the Netherlands has received, particularly since the 1990s, from excise duty on natural gas and government income from the privatization of government services. Privatization and the export of natural gas have enabled the Dutch government to put more public investment into the development of traffic infrastructure and the regeneration of cities.
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Stephen, Chukwuma Chukwudumebi, Odiwo Williams Omokhudu, and Kifordu Anyibuofu Anthony. "The Impact of Privatization and Commercialization in Nigeria." International Research Journal of Management, IT & Social Sciences 3, no. 9 (September 1, 2016): 91. http://dx.doi.org/10.21744/irjmis.v3i9.253.
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This paper examined the activities/policies of privatization and commercialization of public enterprises in Nigeria and how they have affected the development of the Nation. Although, some of the problems facing public- owned enterprise were examined as well. It looked at the pressure on the International Monetary Fund (IMF) to fully implement the structural adjustment program that leads to massive deregulation, privatization, and commercialization of public owned enterprises. In addition, it looked at the merits if any, of privatization and commercialization through extensive theoretical review of the performance of the private enterprise in Nigeria. Theories, rationale, and challenges of privatization and commercialization were addressed. The conclusion was that privatization is a good policy measure, which must be pursued with vigor, truth, sincerity, and transparencies even though the government is using such policies to foster a new division of labor between the public and private sectors in a bid to order, increase the efficiency and contribution to the development of both sectors. Privatization and commercialization in Nigeria will be a mirage unless institutional reforms take place. The government should create an environment favorable for private economic activity. This can be done by showing zero tolerance for corruption, nepotism, and misuse of public funds and property by both government and non-government officials.
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Rahman, Redwanur. "The Privatization of Health Care System in Saudi Arabia." Health Services Insights 13 (January 2020): 117863292093449. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1178632920934497.
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Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 highlights the development of the health care sector through privatization. This study examines the factors that prompted the privatization of the health care sector in Saudi Arabia. This is a scoping review based on an extensive review of both published and unpublished documents. We have accessed different search engines and databases to collect various research publications, journal articles, government reports, policy and planning documents, and relevant press reports/articles. While privatization of the health care sector in Saudi Arabia has experienced an upward trend, the public health care sector remains vital to bring in overall improvements in the health of all sections of Saudi Arabia’s population. Keeping this in view, the government must strengthen its public health care sector to ensure affordable, accessible, and high-quality health care for all. This manuscript focuses on the policy aspect of the privatization of health care and is based on secondary research material. Increased privatization leads to rising expenses in health care, while adversely affecting equity and accountability in the provision of its services. Although this study is an independent analysis of Saudi Arabia’s health care system, lessons learned from this context could be used widely for policy-making in other countries with similar socioeconomic settings.
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Clarke, George R. G. "The effect of privatization and government policy on competition in transition economies." Corporate Ownership and Control 3, no. 4 (2006): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv3i4p2.
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Recent studies have emphasize how important role competition is for enterprise productivity in Eastern Europe and Central Asia. This paper looks at the effectiveness of government policy in promoting competition in these countries. Improving enforcement of competition law and reducing barriers to trade increase competition. Firms are considerably less likely to say that they could increase prices without losing many customers when competition policy is better enforced and when tariffs are lower. In contrast, there is little evidence that privatization increases competition in of itself. State-owned enterprises face no less competition than other enterprises and the overall level of competition is no lower in countries with more state-owned enterprises. Although privatization might have other benefits, there is little evidence that it will increase competition unless governments take complementary actions such as reducing trade barriers or enforcing competition laws
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Ward, Jacob. "TCBH Duncan Tanner Essay Prize Winner 2018 Financing the Information Age: London TeleCity, the Legacy of IT-82, and the Selling of British Telecom." Twentieth Century British History 30, no. 3 (June 3, 2019): 424–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/tcbh/hwz012.
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Abstract This article is a history of the privatization of British Telecom. BT's privatization occupies a central position in histories of Thatcherism as a pivotal moment in Thatcherism's ideological focus on popular capitalism. These histories, however, overlook the important intersection of financial institutions and information technology policy in shaping BT's privatization. Financial institutions in the City of London formed a lobbying group, the City Telecommunications Committee, that pressured for BT's privatization and secured preferential treatment for the City from BT, ending a decades-long policy of uniform telecommunications services across Britain. Margaret Thatcher's government positioned BT's privatization as central to the success of two of Britain's information industries, electronics manufacturing and the City of London. Her government also cast BT's privatization as essential to an ‘information revolution’ that, through personal, networked computing, would further personal freedom and free markets. BT's privatization thus performed two important and related functions. First, it oriented Britain's telecommunications network to the City of London's needs, and secondly, it enacted an ‘information revolution’ that was portrayed as essential to the success of the City of London and British electronics. I label this fusion of City finance, neoliberal politics, and British telecommunications the ‘London ideology’, and this ideology shaped the broadly-held assumption that privatizing telecommunications was essential to reaching the ‘information age’.
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Dunn, Kevin, Susan Thompson, Bronwyn Hanna, Peter Murphy, and Ian Burnley. "Multicultural Policy within Local Government in Australia." Urban Studies 38, no. 13 (December 2001): 2477–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00420980120094623.
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Thomas, I. G. "Environmental policy and local government in Australia." Local Environment 15, no. 2 (February 2010): 121–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13549830903527647.
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Gupta, Muskan. "Privatization in India." International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, no. 2 (February 28, 2022): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.40200.
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Abstract: Privatization generally is defined as the process of transfer of ownership, it can also be permanent or just for the years for which a particular contracted has been drafted between the parties. It is basically a route from public ownership to private ownership. On the other side it is also a strategy that provides advantage to a few at the price of many. In the 1960's and 1970's academicians, economists and politicians favored state ownership over personal possession within the production and provision of products and services. By the tip of the 1980's, however, there was a reversal of public policy from state domination of the assembly and provision of products and services to non-public ownership and operation. This was due partly to what the globe Bank observed as “state failure”, that was characterized by inefficient service delivery, unprofitable SOEs, high government debt, and stagnant economic process rates. Consequently, privatization caught on in several countries as a policy tool to foster potency, encourage investment, free public resources for investment in infrastructure and social programs to boost economic process and spatial arrangement equity. This paper also discusses the causes and reasons for privatization to happen in India and what are its pros and cons.
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Abbott, Malcolm, and Bruce Cohen. "The privatization and de-privatization of rail industry assets in Australia and New Zealand." Utilities Policy 41 (August 2016): 48–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jup.2016.04.010.
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Dudley, Geoffrey. "British Steel And Government Since Privatization: Policy 'Framing' and the Transformation of Policy Networks." Public Administration 77, no. 1 (January 1999): 51–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-9299.00143.
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Almeida, Paul. "The Sequencing of Success: Organizing Templates and Neoliberal Policy Outcomes." Mobilization: An International Quarterly 13, no. 2 (June 1, 2008): 165–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.17813/maiq.13.2.cl74r52765281005.
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In the 1990s and early 2000s, government privatization and austerity programs served as the cornerstone of free market reforms implemented throughout the developing world. The selling off of government utilities, resources, and services laid the groundwork for a highly contested battleground in the global South over social and economic distribution. This study examines the sequencing of campaigns against neoliberal reforms in Central America. Two successful movement campaigns against privatization in El Salvador and Costa Rica followed failed collective attempts to impede similar economic reforms. The policy outcomes against neo-liberal measures are explained by the path-dependent nature of the organizing templates activists chose to employ and the breadth of social movement unionism achieved. The article offers insights into similar battles currently waged in the third world over the pace of economic globalization and the conditions in which oppositional movements are likely to succeed or fail.
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Lundqvist, Lennart J. "Privatization: Towards a Concept for Comparative Policy Analysis." Journal of Public Policy 8, no. 1 (January 1988): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00006826.
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ABSTRACTAffected by the ideological symbolism and political controversy surrounding privatization, much of the work on this subject is marred by definitional uncertainty; what should be included in the concept? To get away from this, and to prepare the ground for meaningful comparative analysis of the phenomenon, I propose both a definition and a taxonomy. I argue that it is the active and conscious transfer of reponsibility from the public to the private realm that should form the core of the concept. Furthermore, I argue that neither the principles for, nor the level of, provision of goods and services should be included in the definition. Finally, I propose that the taxonomy should be based on the public/private dichotomy of responsibility allocation included in the definition, as well as on three main activities in goods and services production which the government could privatize; regulation, financing, and production.
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Setyawan, Anton Agus. "PRIVATISASI BUMN DALAM PERSPEKTIF EKONOMIKELEMBAGAAN." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 3, no. 2 (January 1, 2007): 184. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v3i2.3929.
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Indonesia's government has been encouraging privatization programfor their corporation (BUMN). This program exists due to two mainreasons. First, privatization could be a way to solve the fiscal deficitproblem. Second, it proves to be one of the logical way to increaseBUMN's performance. This articles tries to analyze privatization byusing institutional economics approach. Institutional means aconvention or an appropriate manner in human's behavior whichresults a predictability in human inter-relationship. The tools ofanalyses of institutional economics is The Hierarchy of Public PolicyModel. This model could analyze the steps of public policy decisionsin privatization paradigm, wether pro-privatization or contra-privatization. This article also shows a few empirical results ofprivatization and how to buid an encouraging condition to improvethe result of this program
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Winston, Clifford. "Government Policy for a Partially Deregulated Industry: Deregulate it Fully." American Economic Review 102, no. 3 (May 1, 2012): 391–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.102.3.391.
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Alfred Kahn was a major force behind regulatory reform that initially benefited air travelers and subsequently consumers in other industries by placing greater reliance on markets than on regulators to allocate resources. Kahn also believed that effective governance was important for deregulation's success. In this paper, I argue that such governance has not occurred in practice and that problems that persist in partially deregulated industries are more likely to be solved by full deregulation and, if necessary, privatization than by government intervention.
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Molz, R., and T. Hafsi. "Evaluation and Assessment of Privatization Outcomes: A Conceptual Model and Empirical Evidence." Environment and Planning C: Government and Policy 15, no. 4 (December 1997): 481–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/c150481.
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The authors develop and apply a schema to evaluate outcomes of privatization. The schema is applied to evaluative research conducted on privatizations in France, the United Kingdom, Australia, and New Zealand. The findings indicate that comprehensive evaluations of privatization outcomes are wanting.
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Dobek, Mariusz Mark. "Privatization as a Political Priority: The British Experience." Political Studies 41, no. 1 (March 1993): 24–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-9248.1993.tb01635.x.
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This article challenges conventional approaches to Thatcher's privatization campaign in which privatization has been judged on the basis of its economic or public policy merits. The privatization programme of the Thatcher Government was driven by political objectives and thus it was more coherent than has been usually asserted. Politicians are motivated by maximizing their political benefits (power) rather than by the pursuit of the common good, that is optimal economic and public policies. Unlike some other papers who have considered the political aspects of the Conservative privatization programme, this paper introduces a distinction between what were the Conservatives' perceptions of the political consequences of privatization and the actual effect of this programme.
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Kabir, Humayun. "Privatization of public enterprises in Swaziland." Corporate Ownership and Control 10, no. 2 (2013): 28–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.22495/cocv10i2art3.
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Due to unemployment growth in the country, the nation is deeply concerned over the privatization program for public enterprises that took place in Swaziland recently. With this respect, this paper aims to provide an account of privatization policy and examine employees’ perception about the implementation of such policy in Swaziland. The study reveals that the privatization program in Swaziland has not been developed in isolation as a cure for all the economic problems in itself, but it forms part of the broader monetary, fiscal and social policies. Findings of the study also indicate that level of employees’ perception is low towards the implementation of privatization program in Swaziland. However, this research leads to the conclusion that privatization of public enterprises can be good for the economy of developing countries particularly Sub-Saharan African countries including Swaziland since most of public enterprises in Sub-Saharan Africa make losses which are financed by government, thus creating huge deficits.
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Li, Hongbin, and Scott Rozelle. "Privatizing Rural China: Insider Privatization, Innovative Contracts and the Performance of Township Enterprises." China Quarterly 176 (December 2003): 981–1005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0305741003000584.
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This article examines the privatization of China's township enterprises. According to our survey of 670 firms in 15 randomly selected counties in Jiangsu and Zhejiang provinces, more than half of the firms owned by local government were completely privatized by 1999. The privatization process is striking for two reasons. First, local governments almost always sold firms to insiders, while in the rest of the world privatization largely involves outsiders. Secondly, unlike the predictions of some academics and policy makers, many privatized firms have experienced an increase in performance. Drawing on firm-level survey data and extensive interviews with government leaders and managers, we found that leaders devised a way to elicit information from the buyer at the time of the sale about the firm's future profitability that enabled them to execute privatization successfully. Our analysis shows that the performance of firms with new owners that paid a price for the firm that exceeded the book value of its assets is on par with the performance of private firms after privatization since they also received strong incentives.
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White, Kevin, and Fran Collyer. "Health Care Markets in Australia: Ownership of the Private Hospital Sector." International Journal of Health Services 28, no. 3 (July 1998): 487–510. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/a9u4-jxgx-87y7-5b34.
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Over the past decade, the Australian hospital sector has undergone a massive economic and administrative reorganization with ramifications for both the private and the public sectors. Changes such as privatization, deregulation, and the entry of foreign capital into the hospital sector are occurring in the hospital systems of many countries, including Australia, the United States, and the United Kingdom. These developments are radically transforming the hospital sector, altering established relationships between the state, the medical profession, the consumer, and the corporate investor, and raising important questions about the future of hospital services in regard to equity, accessibility, and quality.
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Rubio, Doris McGartland, Julie Birkenmaier, and Marla Berg-Weger. "SocialWelfare Policy Changes and SocialWork Practice." Advances in Social Work 1, no. 2 (November 30, 2000): 177–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.18060/22.
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Managed care, welfare reform, changes in government-sponsored health insurance, privatization, for-profit commercial activity, and increasing competition for charitable funding are affecting nonprofit social service organizations. This study of 244 nonprofit social service agencies explores the influence of social policy changes on nonprofit organizations. The effects of such changes on social work practice and social work field education within nonprofit organizations are explicated. Guidance for social work field education departments is provided.
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Alasiri, Ahmed Ali, and Viqaruddin Mohammed. "Healthcare Transformation in Saudi Arabia: An Overview Since the Launch of Vision 2030." Health Services Insights 15 (January 2022): 117863292211212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/11786329221121214.
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Saudi Arabia’s Vision 2030 has taken a centre stage in the development of its healthcare sector through privatization adopting Public Private Partnerships (PPPs). The objective of this study is to provide an overview of healthcare transformation in Saudi Arabia since the launch of the ambitious Vision 2030, identifying issues those need to be addressed and steps taken towards provision of health systems transformation. Literature review was based on extensive review of published and unpublished articles, where different search engines and databases searched using the key words: ‘Saudi Healthcare’, ‘Healthcare transformation’, ‘Saudi vision: 2030’, ‘Public-Private Partnerships’ and ‘Privatization’, in addition to secondary data as published in government reports, policy, government strategy documents and pertinent press releases. The future of the healthcare like many other developing economies continues to weigh policies for universal coverage while containing costs and the national transformation programme driven by social and economic factors has implemented strategic steps to develop its private healthcare system that includes: establishing health clusters, National Centre for Privatization & PPP – an official enabler for privatization of all government sectors and recently approved Private Sector Participation (PSP) Law involves several legislative enablers designed to enhance investor confidence in the privatization process. Although this study demonstrates systemic legislative progress to facilitate transformation process of healthcare sector, also endorses caution and research in identifying barriers to the implementation of PPPs, Saudi workforce development, implementing effective revenue cycle management function for healthcare reimbursement and ensuring vulnerable population access to good quality and tertiary healthcare. As healthcare of Saudi Arabia embarks on the transformation journey facing daunting challenges, but it appears that the government has laid out a roadmap with the legislative framework; however it is important that there is ongoing monitoring with adjustments as this complex and multifaceted process proceeds.
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Ives, D. J. "CURRENT GOVERNMENT POLICY TOWARDS PETROLEUM EXPLORATION IN AUSTRALIA." APPEA Journal 28, no. 2 (1988): 42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/aj87042.
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Mehdi, Istaqbal. "Privatization-A Device for Reforming Public Enterprise Sector in Pakistan." Pakistan Development Review 30, no. 4II (December 1, 1991): 895–905. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v30i4iipp.895-905.
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Privatization as an instrument for development is rmding significant currency in industrial and developing countries throughout the world. 1YPically, its need arises from the concerns over efficiency with which the state can manage public enterprises (PEs) or large and growing claims of these enterprises on national budgets. In Pakistan its need emanates from both. Barring a few years in the early 1970s, the policy of development through private enterprise remained the mainstay of the Government of Pakistan (GOP) economic policy throughout the four decades of the country's life. In fact, a policy of privatization i.e., transferring public assets to the private sector control remained an enunciated policy in the 1950s and the 1960s, which was again adopted in the late 1970s. However· it was not until late the 1980s that concerted efforts were mounted to breath life into the moribund programme of privatization. In developing a programme for privatization the question faced by us concern the size of the existing PE sector, its performance, constraints in and prerequisite for privatization. The most important question is can we privatize all PEs, if not, then what productivity enhancing measures can we take for enterprises which cannot be privatized in the immediate future.
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Jones, David S. "Infrastructure management in Singapore: privatization and government control." Asian Education and Development Studies 4, no. 3 (July 13, 2015): 299–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aeds-12-2014-0064.
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Purpose – Singapore is a small, densely populated city-state, which has become a prosperous global trading, investment and communications hub. In light of this, particular challenges have arisen in the development of its infrastructure to meet its needs. These challenges are met by harnessing private capital in the design, building, management and funding of the infrastructure. The purpose of this paper is to examine various arrangements in using private capital within key infrastructure sectors: mass rapid transit, roads, water supply, electricity generation and transmission, maritime ports and airport, ITC services, and industrial infrastructure, and to consider how full privatization, limited privatization (government-linked companies), direct government provision through statutory authorities (relying partly on private borrowing), and a mix of the above arrangements require infrastructure providers, even statutory authorities, to follow business practices. Design/methodology/approach – This paper adopts an empirical, discursive and critical approach. Findings – The Singapore government has continued to see its role as steering the economy into niche sectors where Singapore can acquire a competitive edge, and to overall facilitate economic development through active intervention. This includes, amongst other things, state-sponsored training and education, capital grants to start-ups, trade promotion, various fiscal incentives to businesses, guarantees for bank credit, etc. (Ghesquiere, 2007). This twin-pronged approach has been reflected in the development and management of the infrastructure. In line with the creation of a strong free enterprise economy, privatization and private capital has been a central feature of infrastructure investment and management. Originality/value – The paper shows how private capital can be used through privatization and borrowing from the private sector to manage the infrastructure. This may be considered an appropriate means to meet the needs of a densely populated small state which is also a global hub for trade, research, investment and communications. It also shows how the harnessing of private capital can be combined with continued government control to ensure that the infrastructure development reflects public policy and adheres to required standards.
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Danso, Eugene. "Anatomy of the Privatization of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) in Ghana: Implication for Policy and Accountability." Journal of Public Administration and Governance 9, no. 4 (November 21, 2019): 181. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/jpag.v9i4.15600.
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With the administrative and operational functions of State-Owned Enterprises (SOEs) becoming increasingly complex and sophisticated among developing countries by the 1980s, privatization was recommended by the IMF/World Bank as a remedy to these institutional deficiencies . This is contingent on the neoclassical debate that private ownership rather than public ownership of management and operations of SOEs results in prudent policy process and accountability. Therefore, this study sought to assess the validity of this assertion by employing the Principal-Agent theory in assessing the level of accountability between the citizens (principal) and the government (agent) during private ownership of service delivery. As a qualitative study, this paper adopts unobtrusive content analysis of an empirical study of the privatization of Ghana Water Company Limited (GWCL). The government (agent) under the Principal-Agent theory is to ensure that the private operator, Aqua Vitens Rand Limited (AVRL) respects the terms of divestiture, while upholding the principles of accountability. However, the findings of the study suggest that the failure of government (agent) to uphold core accountability mechanisms such as transparency, accessibility to information, sense of ownership, responsiveness, and conformity to established monitoring and evaluation measures, contributed to the inability to achieve key performance targets, leading to the unsuccessful policy outcome of the privatization contract. This paper, therefore, argues that the failure to adopt accountability mechanisms in the divestiture of SOEs will inevitably compromise administrative policy outcomes.
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Taylor-Gooby, Peter. "The Politics of Welfare Privatization: The British Experience." International Journal of Health Services 19, no. 2 (April 1989): 209–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/ngx2-3yk9-crku-p4t3.
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The 1980s Conservative government in Britain is committed to policies of welfare privatization for practical and ideological reasons-to facilitate tax cuts and to roll back the state. One problem this policy faces is that the most expensive and interventionist services are highly popular with voters from all parties. In this article, the author examines the extent to which recent privatization policies in welfare are influenced by conflict between the goals of achieving tax cuts and of maintaining electoral support, so that the outcome is a change in the form of state interventionism, rather than a rolling back of the welfare state. It also considers the impact of new policies designed to undermine the consensus across social groups and political parties of support for big-spending state services, which may facilitate reductions in the overall scope of welfare provision in future years.
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Anderson, Odin W. "Government health insurance and privatization: An examination of the concept and of equity." International Journal of Health Planning and Management 3, no. 1 (January 1988): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hpm.4740030105.
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Murova, Olga I., Michael A. Trueblood, and Keith H. Coble. "Measurement and Explanation of Technical Efficiency Performance in Ukrainian Agriculture, 1991–1996." Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 36, no. 1 (April 2004): 185–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800021945.
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The present study examines technical efficiency patterns in Ukraine's crop sector for 1991-1996. The economic and policy environment in Ukraine has changed since reform began in 1991. Many policy changes have exerted offsetting economic pressures on efficiency. Enterprise privatization and the liberalization of prices and trade put upward pressure on technical efficiency, whereas start-stop land privatization efforts, unpredictable government intervention, and slow developments in the credit and labor markets put downward pressure on efficiency. We found that technical efficiency appears to have improved slightly over the 1991-1996 period, suggesting that the positive forces had more impact.
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Cai, Dongling, Leonard Fengsheng Wang, and Xiaokai Wu. "Governance, privatization and foreign direct investment." Nankai Business Review International 9, no. 4 (November 5, 2018): 569–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/nbri-01-2018-0002.
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Purpose The purpose of this study is to investigate the interplay between economic governance and privatization, and how these two instruments affect the entry mode choice of the foreign firm and the social welfare of the host country. Design/methodology/approach This study constructs a mixed duopoly model wherein one domestic public firm competes with a foreign firm and investigates the influence of economic governance investment on the domestic government’s optimal degree of privatization choice and the foreign firm’s entry mode choice. Findings This study shows that (1) better economic governance enhances the effect of privatization on output, thus resulting in a lower degree of privatization; (2) the optimal privatization policy of the domestic government is partial privatization irrespective of the foreign firm’s entry mode choice; (3) with optimal investment by the domestic government on economic governance, the optimal degree of privatization is higher under FDI than export, and the host-country welfare is also higher under FDI. In particular, this study demonstrates that better economic governance decreases the threshold of the degree of privatization when the foreign firm switches from export to FDI, implying that better economic governance stimulates the foreign firm to undertake FDI in the host country. Practical implications The findings shed some light on both the mixed ownership reform of the SOEs in China and attracting foreign capital inflow to improve the host country’s social welfare. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study constitutes the first attempt to build a theoretical framework to explore how the interactions between economic governance and privatization influence the entry mode choice of the foreign firm.
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Valov, T. V. "Impact of 1998 Economic Crisis on the Dynamics of Market Reforms and the Privatization Process in Russia (on the Example of St. Petersburg)." Nauchnyi dialog, no. 3 (March 27, 2021): 347–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.24224/2227-1295-2021-3-347-362.
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The impact of the 1998 financial crisis on the dynamics of market reforms and the privatization process in Russia and St. Petersburg is examined in the article. The activity of the government aimed at curbing the crisis tendencies in the first half of 1998, as well as the activity of the Cabinet of E. M. Primakov on the reanimation of the Russian economy in September — December 1998, is analyzed. The main reasons for the default, the impact of the crisis on privatization activity, the state of industrial enterprises, the banking sector, the transformation of integrated business groups, the level of welfare of the population, the state of relations “center-regions” are considered, and the social reaction to these changes is investigated. The state of the industry is revealed on the example of St. Petersburg enterprises. The approaches of the government of E. M. Primakov to the privatization policy are investigated. The features of personnel policy in the Ministry of State Property of the Russian Federation and the Committee for the Management of City Property of St. Petersburg are considered. The study of the causes and consequences of the default showed that this event became a key event in the development of the Russian economy, significantly influenced the pace of privatization activity and the state of financial and industrial groups, and also became the starting point for subsequent economic growth.
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Vining, Aidan R., and David L. Weimer. "Government Supply and Government Production Failure: A Framework Based on Contestability." Journal of Public Policy 10, no. 1 (January 1990): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143814x00004657.
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ABSTRACTA complete conceptual framework for policy analysis requires a theory of government supply and government production failure to complement the well-developed theory of market failure provided by welfare economics. Charles Wolf has made an important start by attempting to draw parallels between market failures and the manifestations of government supply failures. This article provides a more useful analytical framework for government supply failure in two important ways. First, it draws on several perspectives from the economics of organization to sketch both normative and positive theories of government supply. Second, it uses the positive theory of government supply behavior to make direct comparisons with the traditional market failures. It concludes with some implications of the framework for assessing the potential gains from privatization.
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Gotham, Kevin Fox. "Disaster, Inc.: Privatization and Post-Katrina Rebuilding in New Orleans." Perspectives on Politics 10, no. 3 (August 16, 2012): 633–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s153759271200165x.
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This paper examines the problems and limitations of the privatization of federal and local disaster recovery policies and services following the Hurricane Katrina disaster. The paper discusses the significance of the Homeland Security Act of 2002 in accelerating efforts to devolve and privatize emergency management functions; the reorganization of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) as a service purchaser and arranger; and the efforts by the New Orleans city government to contract out disaster recovery activities to private firms. I situate and explain these three developments in the context of recent trends toward the neoliberalization of state activities, including the privatization and devolution of policy implementation to private firms and non-governmental organizations. On both the federal and local levels, inadequate contract oversight and lack of cost controls provided opportunities for private contractors to siphon public resources and exploit government agencies to further their profiteering interests and accumulation agendas. This article demonstrates how the privatization of emergency management services and policy constitutes a new regulatory project in which the state's role has shifted away from providing aid to disaster victims and toward the management and coordination of services delivered by private contractors.
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Mizrahi, Shlomo, and Nissim Cohen. "Privatization Through Centralization in the Israeli Health Care System." Administration & Society 44, no. 4 (July 12, 2011): 412–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0095399711412736.
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This article addresses a policy paradox that characterizes many health care systems and the Israeli system in particular, that is, the existence of two parallel yet seemingly contradictory policy trends: reducing public financing for health care services while increasing governmental involvement in health-system management. The authors characterize this process as privatization through centralization; that is, to control welfare-state expenses and be able to reduce them, the government must first control the funding and management of welfare-state mechanisms and organizations. They develop a theoretical rationale for explaining this policy paradox and demonstrate it through analyzing the legislative changes that followed the legislation of the National Health Insurance Law in Israel.
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Butler, Julia. "Law Libraries in Australia - Government Libraries." International Journal of Legal Information 28, no. 2 (2000): 429–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0731126500009203.
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Since the mid 1980's to the present time there has been an unprecedented attitudinal change by governments, both at the federal and state levels, regardless of political persuasion, towards the role of the public sector. There has been a sustained policy to wind back the size of the Public Service across the board.