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Bártík, Jan. "Investování formou Venture Capital a Private Equity." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-76409.
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The thesis deals with venture capital and private equity from investor's point of view first. There are presented different types of investors, management companies and funds and the relation among these subjects. Venture capital and private equity is an alternative to finance business activities from the entrepreneurial perspective and this paper provides profile of an appropriate company and explains the relation between the investment fund and the company. The analytical part focuses on investment activity in the Czech Republic and the findings about level and structure are analysed with regard to selected factors from business and investment environment.
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Astorsdotter, Dennis, and Yunxin Chang. "Does Governmental Venture Capital Spur Innovation? : A comparison with private venture capital in Sweden." Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Företagsekonomiska institutionen, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-447340.
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Governments have increased their commitment to spur innovation by increasing the amount of venture capital (VC) flowing to the venture capital market over the last decades. Still, research shows that governmental venture capital (GVC) has no impact on innovation. The literature comparing governmental and private venture capital’s effect on innovation is scarce. Therefore, this study explores how different types of VC affects innovation in Swedish entrepreneurial companies. Based on VC data from the Swedish Venture Capital Association (SVCA), we use 440 VC-backed companies and 440 control companies to test the effects of governmental venture capital, private venture capital (PVC), and mixed venture capital (MVC, a combination of GVC and PVC) on four innovation indicators - patent grants, passive citations, trademarks, and industrial design rights. We use fixed-effects models to compare different VC types and Difference-in-Differences models to draw inferences about causality. Our findings show that all types of venture capital positively affect innovation, while MVC has the most substantial effects. PVC spur innovation mainly through trademarks, while GVC increases both trademarks and patent quality. We argue that MVC has access to an immense amount of capital and can allocate its non-financial resources better than both PVC and GVC separately. We also suggest that GVC focuses more on innovation quality and PVC focuses more on commercializing innovations and bringing them to the market.
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Štrama, Patrik. "Venture Capital a Private Equity. Návrh komunikačnej stratégie." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17795.
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Private equity is a specific way of financing business, which increases the equity of firms and does not affect cash-flow of the business. This thesis provides basic information on the operation of private equity and an overview of the private equity market in the Czech Republic. One of the fundamental problems in the Czech market is currently the lack of promotion of private equity and venture capital. Communication activities of CVCA (The Czech Venture Capital and Private Equity Association), which covers the promotion and providing of information about this topic on the Czech market, shows significant shortcomings. The basic goal of this thesis is therefore to address this problem and design a communication strategy for CVCA. Identified are key target groups, tools and methods of communication, which should lead to more intensive promotion and education about venture capital and private equity on the Czech market.
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Zvárová, Petra. "Private Equity a Venture Capital jako nástroje financování." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-72144.
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The objective of this diploma thesis is to introduce the sector of Private Equity and Venture Capital which is aimed to finance perspective companies that are not publicly traded. The first chapter presents the development of sector and main featuring players on the market. The second chapter explains phases of the investment process. The topic of the third chapter is analysis of the sector in terms of development trends and comparisom of particular types of investment as well as comparison of the main markets which are the USA and Europe. The goal of the last chapter is to present and analyze the Alternative Investment Market in London as a new market for the venture capital backed companies.
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Lauterbach, Rainer. "Essays in financial economics : private equity and venture capital /." [S.l. : s.n.], 2007. http://swbplus.bsz-bw.de/bsz275833860inh.pdf.
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Ribeiro, Leonardo de Lima. "O modelo brasileiro de private equity e venture capital." Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/12/12139/tde-02042006-163402/.
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O sucesso alcançado pela indústria de Private Equity e Venture Capital (PE/VC) no fomento ao empreendedorismo e na dinamização do setor empresarial norte-americano encorajou diversos países a importar este modelo vencedor de intermediação financeira. Entretanto, a atividade de PE/VC foi criada para desempenhar sob o ambiente institucional norte-americano, fazendo com que estudiosos tais como Gompers e Lerner (1999) levantassem dúvida sobre o sucesso na implantação deste modelo em outros países. Para verificar como a atividade de PE/VC se molda segundo o ambiente, este trabalho conduz um estudo empírico com todas as 65 organizações gestoras de PE/VC com escritórios no Brasil. A pesquisa foi realizada ao final de 2004 e obteve 100% de resposta. A análise foca no tamanho e a na macroestrutura da indústria. Os resultados são plenamente representativos e revelam um setor de PE/VC com tamanho modesto, bastante limitado pelo ambiente econômico-institucional, que prejudica a realização de negócios, embora ofereça oportunidades de investimento que supram as insuficiências do país em termos de infra-estrutura, segurança etc. Como principal resultado, o trabalho identifica similaridades e diferenças do modelo brasileiro de PE/VC em relação ao modelo vigente nos EUA. Os principais pontos em comum são: (i) predominam as organizações independentes que gerenciam recursos de investidores institucionais; (ii) o capital é concentrado regionalmente e em poucas organizações gestoras; (iii) os investimentos tendem a ser feitos próximos às organizações gestoras; (iv) os setores de software e TI são os mais procurados; (v) a qualificação dos gestores é similar a de seus pares internacionais. Por sua vez, as diferenças sugerem que o modelo tenha se adaptado ao novo ambiente institucional: (i) há tendência de investimento em empresas mais maduras, o que é compatível com o baixo nível de empreendedorismo de crescimento e elevada informalidade das pequenas empresas; (ii) O baixo numero de LBOs é compatível com a escassez e o alto custo do crédito; (iii) baixo grau de especialização dos gestores sugere poucas oportunidades de investimento em cada setor; (iv) concentração das organizações no centro financeiro do país sugere a busca de parceiros comerciais e compradores estratégicos para as empresas do portfolio (IPO é um mecanismo raramente utilizado); (v) a regulamentação reconhece o baixo grau de proteção dos investidores e obriga a utilização da arbitragem. Entre as diferenças encontradas, a pouca confiança que os investidores depositam nos gestores tende a se alterar conforme o setor adquire experiência e os gestores adquirem reputação.The outstanding success attained by Private Equity and Venture Capital (PE/VC) in fostering the U.S. entrepreneurial sector has encouraged several countries to import it. However, PE/VC was tailored to perform in the American institutional environment. As Gompers and Lerner (1999) state, the degree to which the U.S. venture model will - or can - be successfully adapted to other countries is a particularly interesting question. To answer this question we conduct an empirical study with all the 65 PE/VC management firms with offices in Brazil. The survey was conducted at the end of 2004 and attained a response rate of 100%. For this reason the results are fully representative. The analysis aims at the industry's size and structure. Relates them to institutional factors. It reveals a PE/VC industry whose size is heavily limited by the Brazilian institutional idiosyncrasies. At the same time, Brazil's lack of transportation, energy and telecommunications' infrastructure and security provides opportunities for PE/VC type of investments. As a main finding, this work identifies differences and similarities between the American and the Brazilian PE/VC models. The similarities are: (i) PE/VC firms are mainly independent and manage capital from institutional investors; (ii) capital is heavily concentrated regionally as well as in few management firms; (iii) investments are made within a close range from management firms; (iv) software and IT are the preferred sectors; and (v) managers are highly qualified. The main differences suggest that the model has adapted to the new environment: (i) in line with a lack of high-expectation entrepreneurship, there is a tendency to invest in more advanced stages; (ii) since credit is scarce, few LBOs take place; (iii) lack of sector specialization suggests few opportunities within each sector; (iv) management firms concentration in the financial cluster suggest a quest for commercial partners and strategic buyers for portfolio companies (IPO is a quite rare exit mechanism); and (v) Brazilian PE/VC regulation recognizes the inefficiency of the legal system and obliges the use of arbitration. Among the differences, the lack of trust between investors and managers should change as the industry evolves and managers gain reputation.
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Jurek, Martin. "Private equity ve střední a východní Evropě." Doctoral thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2010. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-199092.
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Venture capital and private equity (VC/PE) funds in a global perspective belong to the largest nonbank medium, as well as long-term sources of capital. The main aim of this dissertation is to identify private equity specifics from a European perspective and assess its historic and current development within the context of the Central and Eastern European (CEE) region. In connection with that main aim, three hypotheses are defined: Hypothesis 1: The impact of the VC/PE investor on the functions of the financed company during the holding period has a positive effect on the performance of that company. Hypothesis 2: The impact of the VC/PE investor on the functions of the financed company during the holding period has a positive effect on internationalizing that company. Hypothesis 3: The increased international growth of the financed company during the holding period has a positive effect on company performance. Although private equity is not an unknown term in the CEE region, its fundamental terminology and use is not comprehensive. As a result, the first chapter defines and explains basic terms. For a better understanding of the private equity industry, its historical development, systemized division and classical models of private equity funds are further displayed. The second chapter introduces the theoretical background for the particular components applied in the empirical research. It describes fields of investor activity in financed companies and its corresponding effect on their performance and internationalization. Private equity is an integral part of financial markets and is thus influenced by related government programs and legislative changes. In this respect, the third chapter sets forth Czech state support, as well as taxation and legislative adjustments regarding private equity. An analysis is laid out in the final two chapters, the fourth analysing private equity in the CEE region (with specifics from a historical and a current perspective) and thoroughly examining fundraising, investment and divestment according to a scale of determinants. The fifth and last chapter concludes the dissertation by factor analysis confirmation and statistical testing of the above mentioned hypothesis. This dissertation's main contribution is in the results derived from a model describing the role of the VC/PE investor with regard to the performance and internationalization of financed companies, including the statistical testing of defined relationships. Further, it analyses outcome specifics in the VC/PE within the CEE region.
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Houben, Eike Nippel Peter. "Optimale Vertragsgestaltung bei Venture-Capital-Finanzierungen /." Wiesbaden : Dt. Univ.-Verl, 2003. http://www.gbv.de/dms/zbw/374160538.pdf.
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Štěrbová, Anna. "Venture Leasing." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3048.
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The paper introduces venture leasing as a complement to venture capital. Venture leasing provides additional funds for start-up companies in exchange for equity stake in the company. This financing option is commonly used in the United States, but started being implemented in Europe as well.
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Kelly, Peter Steven. "Private investors and entrepreneurs : how context shapes their relationship." Thesis, London Business School (University of London), 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343626.
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Nelešovská, Magda. "Venture Capital a možnosti jeho využití při expanzi podniku do zahraničí." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2008. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-3853.
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Private equity is described as medium to long term financing of non-quated companies with high growth potential. Venture capital refers to investments made to get the companies off the ground or to expand. This thesis describes an investment process with focus on its crucial parts, identifies factors that make from venture capital a suitable partner for expanding abroad and analyzes development of provate equity funds in Central and Eastern Europe.
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Makomaski, Kristofer, and Mikael Johansson. "Venture Capital -The Current State of the Swedish Market." Thesis, KTH, Fastigheter och byggande, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-124336.
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Under de senaste åren har risk kapitalmarknaderna stått inför flera signifikanta problem. Den svenska VC industrin har minskat med över 60 % sedan Dotcom-kraschen. Antalet aktiva VC- företag har minskat i antal från 100-200 till endast 5-10 större VC-företag. Jämför man dagens marknad med hur den såg ut innan Dotcom-kraschen, så fanns det betydligt fler aktiva företag inom den svenska VC-industrin. Nya finansieringsformer har trätt in på marknaden som bland annat Evergreen fonder och crowd-funding. Den svenska VC-industrin har kännetecknats av en "rensning" av marknaden var tionde år, och var femte år uppstår en mindre krasch på marknaden. De svenska riskkapitalaktörerna har tagit en högre risk än vad som faktiskt var motiverat. Syndikatinvesteringar görs för att undvika investerarnas enskilda risk. Detta fenomen kan illustreras genom de två lyckosamma Svenska investeringarna, Spotify och iZettle. Riskkapitalmarknaden har varit karakteriserad av legala hinder vilket skapat flera stora problem. Trots detta finns det positiva trender och förändringar som idag genomförs på marknaden. Dett kommer lyfts fram ytterligare i arbetet. Bland annat har det diskuterats att införa ett skatteavdrag vilket anses vara fördelaktigt för riskkapitalbolagen. Detta arbete fokuserar huvudsakligen på de olika finanseringsformerna och de olika marknadsaktörerna. Fokus ligger på utvecklingen av industrin och dess aktuella trender, men även på den kommande framtiden. Studien är baserad på intervjuer med marknadsaktörer och på befintlig forskning vilket ger en god insikt i den Svenska riskkapitalbranschen.
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Veselý, Tomáš. "Private equity v České republice." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2007. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-2542.
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Diplomová práce se zabývá investicemi soukromým kapitálem ? private equity. Teoretická část popisuje základní principy, klíčové subjekty a konkrétní formy investic trhu private equity, zatímco analytická část identifikuje a hodnotí faktory, které přímo ovlivňují fungování a rozvoj tohoto trhu v České republice.
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Surineni, Shravan Kumar. "Venture Capital and private equity in India : systems analysis and development framework." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/83801.
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Thesis (S.M. in Engineering and Management)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Engineering Systems Division, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis. "June 2012."
Includes bibliographical references.
Venture Capital (VC) has been an important driver of innovation, entrepreneurship and economic growth in the U.S. and around the world for the past few decades. The astounding success of Venture Capital prompted various countries' attempts to emulate the U.S. model and create an indigenous venture capital industry. Several attempts are being pursued to emulate this success and create an indigenous Venture Capital industry in India. This thesis examines efforts to create a Venture Capital and Private Equity industry in India and the various factors that influence this process.
by Shravan K. Surineni.
S.M.in Engineering and Management
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Costa, Júlio César Naves Ferreira e. "Avaliação de empresas investidas em fundos de private equity e venture capital." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2011. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/9393.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade de Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Ciência da Informação e Documentação, Centro de Estudos em Regulação de Mercados, 2011.Submitted by Shayane Marques Zica (marquacizh@uol.com.br) on 2011-10-05T18:35:47Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2011_JulioCesarNavesFerreiraeCosta.pdf: 753997 bytes, checksum: 61e258f9652cb3869a3ac207ceaf229f (MD5)
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Esta dissertação versa sobre os investimentos em fundos de private equity e venture capital por meio de valores orçados e realizados para empresas investidas por esses fundos. A pesquisa apresentou a relevância do tema com base no aumento crescente dos investimentos nesses tipos de fundo, em especial os fundos de pensão brasileiros, os quais garantem a aposentadoria de seus beneficiários por intermédio da rentabilidade de seus investimentos detidos pelos seus planos de benefícios. O objetivo da pesquisa é apontar os principais indicadores financeiros e contábeis que mais impactam no fluxo de caixa projetado, quando utilizado na metodologia de avaliação por FDC. Para estimar os indicadores e a probabilidade de uma empresa avaliada vir a errar sua projeção, foi utilizada metodologia de Regressão Logit. Como resultado da pesquisa, foram detectados a Receita Bruta, Custo e Despesa Operacional, EBITDA, Margem EBITDA, Resultado Operacional e Fluxo de Caixa Livre para os Sócios como indicadores relevantes. Por fim, o modelo proposto também apresentou boa capacidade preditiva ao ser testado com os indicadores selecionados. _______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
This dissertation deals with investments in private equity and venture capital through realized and budgeted amounts for companies invested by these funds. The research showed the importance of the topic based on increasing investment in these kinds of funds, especially the Brazilian pension funds, which ensure the retirement of its beneficiaries through the profitability of their investments held by their benefit plans. The research aims to identify the main financial indicators and accounting that most impact the projected cash flow, when the evaluation methodology used by DCF. To estimate the indicators and the likelihood of a company rated likely to miss its projection methodology was used Logit Regression. As a result of the survey, were detected in Gross Revenue, Costs and Operating Expenses, EBITDA, EBITDA Margin, Operating Income and Free Cash Flow to the Partners as relevant indicators. Finally, the proposed model also showed good predictive ability when tested with the selected indicators.
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DIAS, R. S. "ESTUDO Sobre a Captação dos Fundos de Private Equity e Venture Capital." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2014. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/2773.
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Previous issue date: 2014-11-21O estudo tem por objetivo avaliar os fatores que possam explicar a captação de recursos (fundraising) dos fundos de Private Equity e Venture Capital (PE/VC). Em linhas gerais, a proposta é averiguar empiricamente quais são os fatores que impactam na captação de recursos pelos fundos de PE/VC. A amostra foi formada por 25 países e em um espaço temporal de 6 anos (2006-2011). Foram identificados seis fatores: atividade econômica, desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais, governança corporativa, desenvolvimento socioambiental, empreendedorismo e tributação. Assim, construiu-se através de Análise Fatorial seis fatores que foram compostos por 26 variáveis. Por meio de regressão múltipla foram investigadas as relações entre a captação de recursos por parte dos fundos PE/VC e os fatores gerados. Os resultados demonstraram que apesar dos fatores testados serem significativos, a captação dos recursos reage drasticamente ao quão desenvolvido é o mercado de capitais.
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Dias, Ricardo dos Santos. "Estudo sobre a captação dos fundos de Private Equity e Venture Capital." Mestrado em Ciências Contábeis, 2014. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/1317.
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O estudo tem por objetivo avaliar os fatores que possam explicar a captação de recursos (fundraising) dos fundos de Private Equity e Venture Capital (PE/VC). Em linhas gerais, a proposta é averiguar empiricamente quais são os fatores que impactam na captação de recursos pelos fundos de PE/VC. A amostra foi formada por 25 países e em um espaço temporal de 6 anos (2006-2011). Foram identificados seis fatores: atividade econômica, desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais, governança corporativa, desenvolvimento socioambiental, empreendedorismo e tributação. Assim, construiu-se através de Análise Fatorial seis fatores que foram compostos por 26 variáveis. Por meio de regressão múltipla foram investigadas as relações entre a captação de recursos por parte dos fundos PE/VC e os fatores gerados. Os resultados demonstraram que apesar dos fatores testados serem significativos, a captação dos recursos é fortemente influenciada pelo nível de desenvolvimento do mercado de capitais. Os resultados aqui encontrados se tornam relevantes, pois discutem uma realidade crescente tanto no Brasil quanto no mundo, visto que o mercado de PE/VC solidifica-se como alternativa de captação de recursos.
This study aims to evaluate the factors that might explain the fundraising of Private Equity and Venture Capital funds (PE/VC). Generally, the proposal is to investigate empirically what are the factors that impact on fundraising of PE/VC funds. The sample was composed of 25 countries and a timeline of 6 years (2006-2011). Six factors were identified: Economic Activity, Development of Stock Markets, Corporate Governance, Social-environmental Development, Entrepreneurship and Taxation. I constructed through factor analysis six factors that were composed of 26 variables. Through multiple regression were investigated relationships between fundraising of PE/VC funds and the factors generated. The results showed that despite the significant factors being tested, the uptake of resources is strongly influenced by the level of development of the stock market. The findings become relevant because argue a growing reality in Brazil and the world, since the market for PE/VC solidifies itself as an alternative of fundraising.
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Amankwah, George, and Viyu Harrison Abonge. "Investigating Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) considerations in Venture Capital & Private Equity firms: A study in US and UK venture capital industry." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-45293.
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Environmental, Social and Governance (ESG) issues are becoming more and more significant for comprehensive evaluation of companies responsible investing activities. Over the years, the growth in corporate responsibility to the society and policies towards environmental consciousness has necessitated the need for comprehensive ESG integration into investment decision-making process and the impact of such activities on company‟s financial performance. Although, studies suggest that there is an increasing trend in ESG considerations among large-cap companies and public investors, little have been written about the link with private investors. Venture capital and private equity investors have an important role in shaping current innovative companies to become future leaders in the market and therefore posses the ability to influence entrepreneurs towards sustainability by incorporating ESG issues in their investment selection processes. This study sought to find out if venture capital and private equity investors consider ESG issues in their activities and if so, do cultural and institutional contexts in which they operate have any effect on their considerations? We have used two of the most advanced venture capital and private equity industries in the world – USA and UK to analysed the response of this sector to ESG issues. Essential ESG factors have been coded using content analysis method for 122 companies from both countries relating to how they practise and integrate environmental, social and corporate governance issues into their investment decision process. Statistical multivariate analysis was conducted with SPSS to analyse data gathered. Our findings revealed that in general venture capital and private equity investors are responding to calls for ESG considerations in their activities, with almost all studied companies reporting some form of ESG issues on their corporate website. However, majority of them are just at the initial stage of mentioning with little information on how it is been used as part of investment selection criteria. Results of the study also show that, investors in environmental related products and services (Cleantech) have higher levels of ESG considerations than other investors. An indication that investor‟s who finance innovative companies that provide solutions to current environmental problems do impact more positively on society. In addition, findings also confirmed earlier studies that differences in cultural and institutional contexts between countries do affect behaviour and values of companies. Thus, a country with strong regulations and incentives towards sustainability will impact on corporate culture that will increase ESG considerations among venture capital and private equity investors. Therefore, our study concluded that there is an appreciable levels of ESG consideration among venture capital and private equity investor‟s, however investors need to increase their considerations by committing more resources to environmental solutions and social issues such as clean technologies and community philanthropy.
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De, Oleza Ferrer Carles. "The Role of Culture in Private Equity Investments." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-264153.
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The main purpose of this thesis is to understand if Investors working in Private Equity and Venture Capital understand what corporate culture is and take it into account when deciding whether to invest or not in a startup or a target company. In order to reach this goal, an empirical research has been developed, interviewing a sample of private equity fund managers and professional business angels, selected randomly and without any personal connection to the author.
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Prytz, Joakim, and Henrik Blommé. "Venture capital i spåren av kriserna : En studie i hur finans- och eurokrisen påverkat de svenska venture capital-bolagen och dess marknad." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-83685.
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För att skapa fler jobbtillfällen och driva på BNP-tillväxten i Sverige krävs det att små och medelstora företag får möjligheten att utvecklas och växa. För att klara det krävs det mer kapital från venture capital-marknaden, som är den viktigaste källan av finansiering för ett nystartat företag. Det har dock varit tuffa år för venture capital-bolagen sedan finanskrisen slog till. Den problemformulering som legat till grund för studien var följande: Hur har finanskrisen och den pågående eurokrisen påverkat venture capital-bolagens investeringsprocess? Studien syftade till att undersöka hur finanskrisen och den pågående skuldkrisen i Europa påverkat de svenska venture capital-bolagen och dess marknad. Vidare syftade studien till att redogöra för vilka delar inom investeringsprocessen som förändrats av de senaste åren av kriser. Hur venture capital-bolagen upplever samt arbetar med de problem som kan uppstå mellan dem och portföljbolagen gällande agentproblemen och informationsasymmetrin har även det undersökts. Vi använde oss av en kvantitativ och en kvalitativ undersökning för att genomföra vår studie. Till den kvalitativa undersökningen har vi intervjuat 10 personer som vid tidpunkten för undersökningen hade höga positioner inom vardera venture capital-bolag. Datamaterialet till den kvantitativa undersökningen baserades på SVCAs kvartals-, halvårs- och årsrapporter. Studien har i huvudsak baserats på teorier gjorda i andra länder på grund av bristfällig forskning i Sverige. De områden som avhandlats är inom riskkapital, agentteori, informationsasymmetri, investeringsprocessen samt yttre faktorers påverkan på venture capital. Studiens slutsatser var att förändringar skett inom venture capital-marknaden på grund av finans- och eurokrisen. Antalet investeringar och det investerade kapitalet hade minskat. Dessutom visade vår undersökning att den enda delen i investeringsprocessen som påverkats av kriserna är när venture capital-bolagen ska avyttra sina innehav. Vi fann även att agentproblemet och informationsasymmetrin existerar samt att alla respondenter använder sig av syndikering.
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Thomson, Dean Banking & Finance Australian School of Business UNSW. "Private equity and venture capital instruments, a study into their use and intention." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Banking and Finance, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/31100.
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Moral Hazard and the Agency Costs thereof have long been accepted arguments in venture finance theory and have therefore long been accepted shortcomings in the venture capitalist / entrepreneur relationship. In psychological experiments ??? including economic ??? it has been shown that human beings prefer to act in a reciprocal manner that reduces any inequity in a relationship. Humans who expect to receive an unfair and inequitable position in a relationship, will take steps to rectify that position. Specifically, if a venture capitalist expects the entrepreneur to unfairly extract private benefits from the investee company post investment by the venture capitalist, then he or she will impose costly controls and monitoring mechanisms in place to prevent that. All relationships that impose controls and monitoring mechanisms are inefficient, as opposed to Advising the investee which draws upon the skills of the venture capitalist and is generally efficient. The venture capital industry is comprised of intelligent and professional people who can recognise inefficiency easily. Indeed, this is how they make poorly managed companies into profitable trade sales or IPO???s. The online survey completed for this thesis poses questions that attempt to show that venture capitalists and entrepreneurs are not locked in an antagonistic relationship where each merely acts in a self interested way. This thesis concludes that venture capitalists and entrepreneurs do work in a reciprocal relationship recognising the substantial efficiency gains to be made by doing so.
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Dzenga, Bruce. "Public policy and clean energy venture capital private equity investments in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/97395.
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Thesis (MDF)--Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: In 2007, Bürer and Wüstenhagen (2009) conducted a survey amongst European and United States venture capital and private equity investors (VC/PE) to ascertain their public clean energy policy preference and concluded that VC/PE investors view the feed-in tariff (FIT) scheme to be the most preferred policy option. In this research study, the author re-conducted part of the Bürer and Wüstenhagen (2009) survey with thirty South African VC/PE investors to determine their perceptions on clean energy public policy preference. It is evident from the survey, that opinions are varied and at times even contradictory. This in itself demonstrates an important feature of the South African VC/PE and clean energy industry: it is young, dynamic, changing rapidly and can look very different, depending on the vantage point. The investors surveyed were mainly optimistic about the long-term development of the South African renewable energy industry led by private investors. VC/PE investors in South Africa have mixed views on various investment options, and are concerned about both the regulatory and macro-economic trends. The interviews and survey results show a number of recurring issues. Altogether, the survey results indicate that VC/PE investors consider FITs to be the best public clean energy policy instrument in leveraging private investment and finance for renewable energy in South Africa. This study serves to illustrate and confirm, in line with empirical studies, that VC/PE investors in South Africa believe that clean energy market-pull policies provide an impetus and indeed spur private investor participation in clean energy in developing countries. While it is true that most VC/PE investors would prefer the price certainty associated with a FIT regime, this is almost an irrelevant question in South Africa since constitutionally the state is bound to procure through competitive tendering. This study also serves to highlight the need for more active research and attention in this field.
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Hubert, Nicolas P. "The impact of venture capital and private equity on the clean tech industry." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/104528.
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Thesis: S.M. in Management Studies, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2016.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 54-55).
The goal of this thesis is two-fold. First, we will try to find out if the clean tech industry is a good choice for private equity, in that it generates attractive returns for investors. Second, we will try to assess whether or not private equity and venture capital have had a positive impact for the clean tech industry as a whole. We will first analyze the performance of clean tech private equity since the beginning of the 21st century. As we will see that it has underperformed other sectors such as high-tech or biotech, we will then try to identify the specific challenges that the clean tech industry poses to private equity investing. Finally, we will do our best to offer solutions to these challenges and highlight the opportunities offered exclusively by clean tech in order to re-galvanize private equity investment in that sector. Our conclusion will show that there exists a sweet spot for clean tech private equity investing, and that private equity did have a significant positive impact for the industry as a whole. We encourage private equity investors to continue to allocate capital to that industry under certain conditions, as we are on the verge of significant revolutions in the near to medium future.
by Nicolas P. Hubert.
S.M. in Management Studies
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Gallucci, Netto Humberto. "Estrutura e desempenho dos bancos que investem em private equity e venture capital." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/10742.
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Este trabalho investiga as diferenças entre as estruturas dos veículos de investimento afiliados a bancos e organizações gestoras independentes atuantes no Brasil e seu desempenho. Utilizamos uma base de dados única para a população dos veículos de investimento ativos e suas características em 2004. Veículos de investimento afiliados a bancos possuem desempenho inferior aos veículos independentes em todas as medidas utilizadas. Como medidas de desempenho dos veículos de investimento, foram utilizadas a porcentagem e o número de desinvestimentos realizados via abertura de capital (IPO) e venda estratégica (trade sale) do total de saídas além de uma análise individual sobre o desinvestimento. Os veículos de investimento afiliados a bancos possuem: menor número de gestores, monitoram menos, remuneração fixa menor, menos controle sobre a empresa investida, mais comitês de investimento e fazem menos co-investimento.
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Matanova, N. "Private equity and venture capital investors' involvement in firms post initial public offering." Thesis, City University London, 2015. http://openaccess.city.ac.uk/11893/.
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The capital provided by private equity (PE) and venture capital (VC) investors represents an alternative type of financing available to firms in comparison to more traditional financial intermediaries such as banks, equity from owners or angel investors. These financial sponsors not only provide funding, but also complete intense restructuring, improve corporate governance, align interest of managers and shareholders, provide certification and improve performance (Jensen 1986, 1989; Baker and Wruck, 1989; Baker and Gompers, 2003; Hochberg, 2012; Acharya et al, 2009). These investors are likely to realize their highest returns by bringing their sponsored firms to the stock market in the form of initial public offerings (IPOs). However, in practice PE and VC investors do not always exit fully at the IPO date (Celikyurt et al, 2014; Krishnan et al, 2011; Cao, 2011). They tend to maintain a block ownership in some IPOs, which allows them to remain actively involved in shaping firms' corporate policies. It is of great importance to academics, practitioners and other market participants to understand why these investors carry on investing in firms they brought to the market and whether such holdings create or destroy value. These issues motivate my research agenda. I focus on investigating PE and VC investors' post-IPO presence in firms, their effect on corporate policies and impact on the long-run performance. In particular, the three chapters of my thesis pursue the following three distinct objectives: (i) to answer the fundamental question concerning the motivation of PE and VC investors to retain ownership in the post-IPO period and whether this retention affects the firm’s aftermarket performance (ii) to examine whether PE and VC investors remain active monitoring agents and exert significant influence on various corporate policies (iii) to investigate the effect of PE and VC ownership retention on firms' cash reserves, which, as documented in previous studies, can lead to significant agency conflicts. Hence, the main objective of my thesis is to explore the extent, type and channels of private equity and venture capital investors' involvement in firms post-flotation, and its impact on the long-run performance. To answer these research questions, I use a large sample of US and UK IPOs over the 1997 and 2010 period. In this dissertation, I differentiate and analyse separately firms backed by PE and VC investors because these investors are different in many respects, particularly since they provide capital to distinctive type of companies, as VCs invest mainly in young, growing, high-tech firms, while PE investors are likely to back high cash flow mature firms in stable industries. I provide a comparative analysis across these investors to assess whether, after controlling for these fundamental characteristics, their involvement, investment and strategies with their IPOs in the post flotation period are homogeneous. I also contrast the US and the UK markets which I found to be significantly different in terms of the composition of these two types of investors, but also the characteristics and annual distributions of IPOs. In the first empirical study, I focus on the motivations of PE and VC funds to retain voluntarily ownership, defined as holdings outside the lockup restrictions, in the post-IPO period. I test the monitoring and signalling hypotheses, which suggest that IPOs in which VC and PE firms retain their holdings in the post-IPO period are more likely to generate higher returns because of these funds’ certification and their ability to monitor companies in which they hold large stakes. I find that in contrast to UK, where both type of financing play an equally important role in bringing companies to the stock market, the relative importance of VC-backed IPOs in the US is time varying. Moreover, the VC-backed IPOs are equally distributed across various industries in the UK, whereas VC financing is more prominent in certain industries in the US such as high-tech, telecommunications and healthcare. I find a non-monotonic (convex) relationship between financial sponsors’ voluntary ownership and firm performance. Hence, in contrast to managers who become entrenched at higher levels of ownership, financial sponsors create value in companies they hold more concentrated equity stakes. More specifically, I document that financial sponsors’ ownership is positively related to firm value when PE and VC investors’ stake is above 1.83%. Therefore, continued involvement of financial sponsors in the post-flotation period is beneficial for the shareholders. Also, I present evidence that compulsory and voluntary financial sponsors’ equity retention is used to mitigate potential managerial expropriation of outside shareholders. I demonstrate that a different institutional framework in UK and US has a significant impact on financial sponsors’ divestment extent at the IPO date and in the post-flotation period. I find that investment banks impose significantly stricter lockup restrictions (in terms of how much shares to retain) on financial sponsors involved in US backed IPOs than in UK ones. This is driven by more dispersed ownership in US companies, whose market is defined by a lower prevalence of institutional investors and the largest group of shareholders in the US being individual investors. In addition, I find that PE/VC house and underwriter reputations are only considered to be alternative commitment devices in the UK. I also highlight a number of other factors which affect voluntary ownership of PE and VC investors in the post-IPO period. In particular, I show that PE and VC fund characteristics (syndicate size, PE/VC fund’s bank-affiliation and low proximity to IPO firm headquarters) partially explain compulsory and voluntary holdings of financial sponsors post-flotation. This paper extends the literature on IPOs' performance by demonstrating that financial sponsors divest fully from stronger firms at the IPO date, while commit their resources to underperforming ones in which they create value in the post-flotation period. The second empirical study focuses on examining whether PE and VC investors create value by actively shaping IPO firms’ corporate policies in the post-flotation period. In this paper I focus on three corporate policies, namely the corporate governance, as reflected in the structure of the board of directors, the investments’ spending patterns, and the payout policy. These decisions are identified in prior literature to have a direct impact on firm value. I demonstrate that PE and VC investors with retained ownership continue to extensively monitor their backed IPOs. However, the two types of investors implement different monitoring approaches, which are driven by fundamentally different characteristics of the firms they finance: PE investors’ ownership has a significant positive effect on the board’s size, while VC investors primarily focus on the proportion of independent directors on the board of directors. Moreover, I find that the ownership structure of financial sponsors has a material impact on monitoring of portfolio firms, as IPOs backed by bank-affiliated PE funds have significantly larger boards. In terms of investment decisions, VC investors minimize expenditures in all retained IPO firms. PE sponsors’ only reduce expenditures in IPOs with low proximity, so when PE investors’ monitoring abilities are significantly constrained by distance and hence costs of monitoring are higher. In contrast to non-backed IPOs, I find that financially sponsored companies are more likely to initiate a payout via dividends.
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Lee, Marcelo Chung Bae. "Análise da performance operacional de companhias abertas investidas por fundos de private equity e venture capital." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/20160.
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Os objetivos principais deste estudo são analisar se a presença de um fundo de private equity ou venture capital durante a abertura de capital das empresas brasileiras implica em uma melhoria das métricas operacionais e também analisar se ocorre uma persistência ao longo do tempo destes efeitos. Para isso adotou-se a metodologia Pooled OLS para uma amostra de 114 empresas que abriram seu capital durante o período compreendido entre 2004 e 2016 na BM&FBovespa. As variáveis independentes operacionais adotadas foram o nível de caixa, a alavancagem, o pagamento de dividendos em relação ao lucro e o interest coverage. Os resultados obtidos demonstraram uma significância estatística apenas para a métrica de interest coverage. Em relação a persistência dos efeitos não foi possível observar uma longa duração dos mesmos, geralmente o intervalo temporal de persistência foi de apenas dois ou três anos.
The main objectives of this study are to evaluate if the presence of a private equity or venture capital fund during the IPO of Brazilian companies implies on superior operational performance and to analyze if these effects are persistent over time. A Pooled OLS regression was performed on a sample of 114 companies that went public between 2004 and 2016 on BM&FBovespa. The independent operational variables adopted were cash holdings, leverage, dividends to earnings and interest coverage. Statistical significance was only obtained for the interest coverage metric. Regarding the time effects persistence, no long-term persistence was observed, usually only two or three years of short-term persistence.
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Eklund, Niklas, and Viktor Sandström. "Har lågkonjunkturen påverkat möjligheten att få kapital från Venture Capitalbolag?" Thesis, University of Gävle, University of Gävle, Department of Business Administration and Economics, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-5896.
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Syfte: Syftet med uppsatsen är att ge en ökad förståelse för Venture capitalbolagen och dess portföljbolag. Tanken är sedan att koppla ihop Venture capitalbranschen med den rådande lågkonjunkturen för att se om branschen påverkats, och i så fall på vilket sätt.
Metod: Uppsatsen är byggd på en kvalitativ studie. Den kvalitativa studien har utförts med hjälp av tre intervjuer, två via personliga möten och en via telefon. Litteratur och vetenskapliga artiklar har används för att bygga upp teorin.
Resultat & slutsats: Författarna har kommit fram till att möjligheten att få Venture capital har minskat under lågkonjunkturen. En stor faktor är att nedgången på börsen lett till överallokering hos bland annat banker och försäkringsbolag som normalt är stora investerare i fonder med onoterade bolag. En annan faktor är att riskviljan hos investerarna har gått ner, vilket har resulterat i att det har blivit svårare att hitta saminvesterare. Bankernas utlåning har även minskat vilket lett till att många mindre bolag har svårt med att få kapital, vilket i sin tur lett till att efterfrågan på kapital har ökat, men inte utbudet.
Förslag till fortsatt forskning: Förslag till vidare studier är att se problemet ur en entreprenörs synvinkel. En sådan studie kan ta mer tid att genomföra, men resultatet skulle vara intressant att jämföra från en entreprenörs perspektiv.
Då samtliga respondenter påpekat att de lånefinansierade Private equity-bolagen drabbats hårdats av finanskrisen kan det vara intressant att forska kring buy-out inriktade investerare. De investeringar buy-outbolag gör kräver mer kapital, och med dagens klimat på lånemarknaden är de nästintill omöjligt att lånefinansiera till en investering.
Uppsatsens bidrag: Uppsatsen bidrar genom att belysa problemet med finansiering till nya och små företag. Framförallt belyser den vilka problem som kan uppstå under en lågkonjunktur.
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Ferreira, Paulo Luiz. "Capital intelectual na indústria de private equity e venture capital: um estudo sob a ótica dos investidores institucionais e gestores de fundos." Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2010. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/1442.
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Previous issue date: 2010-10-21Due to deep transformation in the society, economy and politics provided from new technology and globalization, the knowledge has been the most important resource in building value. Since then, the organizations started to have as a dominant factor in building economic result, the intellectual capital. Therefore, the managers need new methodology which can measure and manage intangible resources. The object of this research is the private equity and venture capital industry (PE/VC) in Brazil, that has invested in innovative companies based in the intensive use of the knowledge, thus, it should be relevant to have mechanism to measure and manage the intellectual capital. The main purpose of the research is to verify the practice and the adopted initiative to measure, manage and exposure the intellectual capital in PE/VC industry, under the institutional investor and fund managers‟ view and to compare with the theoretical reference. The research is of an exploratory kind and the data collection was done through a questionnaire which was answered by twenty PE/VC fund manager and seven institutional investors. Through the research, the importance of the intellectual capital measurement has been proved, as well as, its exposure. Nevertheless, although the importance of measurement has been recognized, very few people have practiced it. They claim that the investors market and regulators do not really require it added to a lack of a standard method usually accepted. It is the accountancy duty to develop or refine a suitable method that can be used by all companies. Regarding the exposure of the intellectual capital, the main reasons shown to not to expose is the lack of information to be exposed and the understanding that the secret is important for this sort of information
Em razão das profundas transformações na sociedade, na economia e na política, provenientes de novas tecnologias e da globalização, o conhecimento foi elevado a recurso principal na criação de valor. A partir de então, as organizações passaram a ter como fator preponderante na geração de resultado econômico o capital intelectual. Com isso, os gestores precisam de novos métodos que possam mensurar e gerenciar os recursos intangíveis. Assim sendo, neste trabalho, objetiva-se a discutir acerca da indústria de Private Equity e Venture Capital (PE/VC) no Brasil, que tem investido em empresas inovadoras baseadas no uso intensivo de conhecimento e, portanto, seria relevante ter mecanismos para a mensuração e gerenciamento do capital intelectual. O principal objetivo da pesquisa é verificar a prática e as iniciativas adotadas para a mensuração, gestão e divulgação do Capital Intelectual na indústria de PE/VC, sob a ótica de investidores institucionais e gestores de fundos e compará-las com o referencial teórico. A pesquisa é do tipo exploratória e a coleta de dados foi realizada através de questionário respondido por 20 gestores de fundos e 7 investidores institucionais de PE/VC. Por meio da pesquisa, foi confirmada a importância da mensuração do capital intelectual por meio de métodos específicos e da sua divulgação. No entanto, embora reconheçam a importância da mensuração, poucos têm exercido a prática, alegando como principais motivos a não exigência por parte dos Investidores, Mercado e Reguladoras, e a falta de um método padrão geralmente aceito. Cabe à contabilidade desenvolver ou aprimorar algum método adequado, que possa ser utilizado por todas as empresas. Quanto aos indicadores de Capital Intelectual, os respondentes têm utilizado cobrindo os principais componentes apresentados pelo referencial teórico. No tocante à divulgação de informações sobre o capital intelectual, os principais motivos apontados para a não divulgação foram a falta de informações a serem divulgadas e o entendimento de que o sigilo é importante para esse tipo de informação
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Comodo, Gustavo Cardoso. "Uma análise comparativa entre as estruturas de private equity e venture capital nos EUA e no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/5848.
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Previous issue date: 2009-12-01T00:00:00ZA indústria de Private equity e Venture capital (PE/VC) em todo o mundo passou por uma acelerada transformação nos últimos dez anos tanto nas economias desenvolvidas como nas economias em desenvolvimento. Esta transformação ocorreu atrelada a um crescimento exponencial do total de ativos sob gestão nos EUA e no Brasil. Em linhas gerais, as aquisições no modelo americano ocorrem por meio de operações alavancadas e totalmente dependentes de linhas de crédito que fomentem a atividade. Os agentes desta indústria são conhecidos como 'Investidores Financeiros'. Geralmente, companhias de capital aberto têm o seu controle adquirido e em seguida suas ações são tiradas de negociação em bolsa de valores para então iniciar-se o trabalho efetivo dentro da companhia com o compromisso futuro de pagamento da dívida contraída para sua aquisição. Já no modelo brasileiro as aquisições ocorrem mais comumente por meio de capital próprio com a entrada efetiva do investidor / comprador na companhia e estes por sua vez, são conhecidos como 'Investidores Intervencionistas'. É um estilo de atuação bem menos oportunista, muito mais ativo e pautado pelo crescimento orgânico da instituição, com a força do capital do investidor. Este trabalho objetivou realizar uma análise comparativa entre estes modelos e ilustrar por meio de casos reais alguns dos seus estilos mais comuns de gestão na indústria de PE/VC nos EUA e no Brasil.
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Sevil, Esteban Ángel. "Interaction model of private equity and venture capital developing factors in Chile and Latin America." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/72853.
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Thesis (S.M.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Sloan School of Management, 2012.Cataloged from PDF version of thesis..
Includes bibliographical references (p. 83-86).
Private equity and venture capital (PE/VC) are efficient resource allocation systems that provide equity capital to selected entrepreneurs, industries or firms that contribute to advance the economic welfare of society. Private equity and venture capital firms act as a catalyst for initiating, consolidating, professionalizing, growing and globalizing their portfolio companies, and in doing so, they increase their competitiveness and expand their operations in regional and global markets. They create an invaluable ecosystem based on innovation, entrepreneurship and the detection of business opportunities, building local talent and setting up the pillars of new growing industries diversifying countries' economies. From 1999 to 2005 the internet bubble and several economic crises impacted Latin America, collapsing private equity and venture capital activity. Moreover, the confidence of limited partners (LPs) in the fund managers (GPs, general partners) sank. Thanks to the fast growing internal demand of Brazil and the low economy cycle in developed countries, the appetite for private equity assets in emerging markets and in Latin America raised, creating the opportunity for successful exits. However, few success cases have been seen outside Brazil. Why the number of exits in Chile has been limited? What are the drivers of success? How is it possible to accelerate the development of PE/VC given the benefits they provide to the economy and the society? This document answers these questions identifying the most important factors affecting the development of private equity and venture capital. All the factors are linked together and form part of an ecosystem; they are not independent parts that can be studied separately. This ecosystem is modeled be mean of a framework, where the interactions among these factors are defined and their impact is explained in detail. Through the analysis of the model of private equity and venture capital developing factors two main conclusions are extracted: first, the development of PE/VC is a continuous learning process; positive actions implemented now will have a visible impact in the medium or long term. Second, success is the main driver of the PE/VC development as it has a positive amplifying effect in the whole ecosystem. However, success is one of many other factors, and all of them must be considered since all are interconnected. The more positive actions are put into action from all the different factors, the more success cases will be created and as a consequence, the development will be accelerated, creating a synergic reinforcing loop.
by Ángel Sevil Esteban.
S.M.
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Oliveira, Maria Carolina Sanzovo de. "Do private equity and venture capital backed firms have better corporate governance after going public?" reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/8116.
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The aim of this study is to map the main aspects of corporate governance in Brazil used by publicly traded companies and analyze them from a comparative perspective, contrasting companies that have suffered Private Equity and Venture Capital investment with the remaining public firms. The investigation is a result of the companies that in fact responded to the third version of the Survey on Corporate Governance in Brazil, previously conducted in 2005 and 2007. Analysis of adherence to BM&FBovespa’s corporate governance levels show a significantly greater adherence of the PE/VC backed companies in higher listing levels. Particular characteristics of the corporate governance of companies are detailed in an attempt to determine whether the clear advantage found in the comparison among the premium listing levels extends to other issues. The findings show significant differences in certain areas, i.e. processes of the board of directors, formation of committees, external auditor, shareholders rights, disclosure and compensation of officers and directors, which can be explained by the previous relationship of the backed enterprise, the PE/VC investor and the term sheet agreed upon between the parties.
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Mumelter, Nadja. "Determinants of venture capital and private equity investments in renewable energy: a cross-country study." Master's thesis, NSBE - UNL, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10362/9768.
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A Work Project, presented as part of the requirements for the Award of a Masters Degree in Economics from the NOVA – School of Business and EconomicsThis paper conducts the first econometric analysis of determinants of greentech venture capital (VC) and private equity (PE) investments into renewable energy technology. Renewables are an industry which is still in development. The underlying technologies need to mature to eventually benefit from cost savings due to scale and learning effects. The required funding for energy technology is mainly provided by VC and PE investors. The results suggest that the investment volume can be further increased, if governments ensure a stable investment process from the entrance (eased by a solid R&D base which is funded by governments) to the exit (facilitated by ensuring a stable demand, for example through a CO2 tax or cap). The study further found, that investors are more concerned about the economic situation at the time of disinvestment, rather than the current state. Empirical evidence shows that the growth rate of the real interest rate, the oil price growth and population growth are significant indicators for investment volumes and stable across different setups, while the absolute value is not always.
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Fu, Yinqiao. "The Return of VC/PE Funds Financed Projects in China: An empirical study of the years 2009 to 2011." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Economics, Finance and Statistics, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-20681.
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This paper presents an empirical study of the determinants that drive the investment performance of China’s venture capital (VC) and private equity (PE) funds. Using data on VC/PE funds backed initial public offerings (IPOs) from ChiNext between October 2009 to October 2011 and the internal rate of return (IRR) as the measurement for investment performance, this paper finds that fund experience has a positive influence on investment performance whereas investment scale and investment duration have a negative influence on investment performance.
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Almeida, André Abreu de. "A influência do Private Equity e Venture Capital sobre a informatividade dos lucros no mercado brasileiro." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/5611.
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-22Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a influência do PE/VC sobre a informatividade dos lucros contábeis das empresas listadas na BM&FBovespa. Considerou-se informatividade a intensidade da relação entre o lucro contábil e o retorno das ações, apurada pelo coeficiente angular da reta estimada entre as variáveis PEVC e Lucro Líquido Ajustado (LLA). Adicionalmente, a pesquisa abordou a Influência do efeito conjunto PE/VC e governança sobre a informatividade dos lucros contábeis. Espera-se com esta pesquisa contribuir com a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o papel da contabilidade no mercado de capitais. A amostra foi composta por 1.177 observações de empresas não-financeiras listadas na BM&FBovespa no período de 2004 a 2011. O resultado apurado confirma hipótese de que a informatividade dos lucros contábeis é positivamente relacionada com a existência de PE/VC
This research aimed at investigating the influence of PE / VC on the informativeness earnings of companies listed on the BM&FBovespa. It was considered informativity as the intensity of the relationship between accounting profit and stock returns, calculated by the slope estimated between the variables PEVC and Adjusted Net Income (LLA). Additionally, the study investigated the influence of the combined effect of PE / VC and governance on the informativeness earnings. It is expected that this research contribute for the expansion knowledge improvement on the role of accounting in capital markets. The sample consisted of 1177 observations of nonfinancial companies listed on the BM & FBovespa in the period from 2004 to 2011. The result of this research confirm the hypothesis that the informativeness of earnings is positively related to the existence of PE / VC
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Guilherme, Ronie Vinícius. "Precificação de ativos sem cotação corrente de mercado na indústria de private equity e venture capital no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/15062.
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This paper studies the private equity and venture capital market in Brazil, particularly with regard to the valuation methodologies, in order to identify the method that best fits the Brazilian reality to measure assets without quotation in current market. Will be discussed the major foreign markets, namely the United States and Europe, as well as specific characteristics of this market in Brazil and presented how the Brazilian authorities deal with this theme, since the assets covered here have no marking to market , as in other funds disciplined by this authority. Then will be described the methodologies and investigated the ways in which organizations approach the management methods in their rules. Finally, to achieve the main purpose, will be identified the behavior of the value of shares in the lifetime of the funds as an indicator of the most appropriate method.
Neste trabalho são estudadas as características do mercado de private equity e venture capital no Brasil, particularmente no que se refere às metodologias de avaliação de investimentos, com o intuito de procurar identificar o método que se ajusta melhor à realidade brasileira para mensuração de ativos sem cotação corrente de mercado, presentes nas carteiras dos Fundos Mútuos de Investimento em Empresas Emergentes e Fundos de Investimento em Participações. Para atingir este objetivo, serão discutidos os principais mercados no exterior, ou seja, Estados Unidos e Europa, bem como as características específicas deste mercado no Brasil, além de apresentar como a Comissão de Valores Mobiliários trata o assunto, uma vez que os ativos aqui tratados não possuem marcação a mercado, como ocorre em outros fundos disciplinados por esta autarquia. Em seguida, são descritas as metodologias a partir das quais serão investigadas as formas como as organizações gestoras abordam os métodos em seus regulamentos e confrontadas as opiniões das organizações mencionadas com as dos investidores. Por fim, busca-se atingir o objetivo proposto utilizando o comportamento do valor das cotas no período de vida dos fundos como indicador do método mais apropriado.
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Mariano, Andre. "Especificidades dos investimentos em cleantech realizados pelos fundos de private equity e venture capital no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/9860.
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Submitted by ANDRE MARIANO (andmariano@yahoo.com) on 2012-06-26T14:55:04Z
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Este trabalho procura identificar e analisar as particularidades inerentes ao investimento em tecnologias limpas (Cleantech) no Brasil que fazem destes ativos uma classe tão promissora ao investimento da indústria de Private Equity e Venture Capital (PE/VC). Foram conduzidas entrevistas semi-estruturadas em profundidade com alguns gestores de fundos de PE/VC do mercado brasileiro, e três estudos de caso: uma empresa num segmento do setor agrícola (aquicultura), uma empresa de reciclagem de resíduos sólidos e uma empresa de energia limpa. Uma indústria com histórico de sucesso na promoção de tecnologias hoje essenciais para o dia a dia da sociedade, habituada a financiar projetos nas áreas de internet, software, tecnologia da informação (TI), telecomunicação e saúde, agora, mostra-se cada vez mais interessada em financiar projetos que endereçam a problemática das mudanças climáticas. Principalmente projetos que abordam os temas mais sensíveis às questões climáticas como geração de energia, agricultura, água, resíduos, eficiência energética e industrial. Os estudos de caso e as entrevistas tornam evidentes diversas particularidades do investimento em Cleantech. Trata-se de projetos intensivos em capital e, em alguns casos, com longos períodos de maturação. São altamente dependentes de políticas públicas que regulamentem e incentivem sua adoção, não só nos estágios iniciais de desenvolvimento, mas também favorecendo seu ganho de escala. Não podem ser empregados em qualquer localização pois dependem da vocação geográfica da localidade onde serão instalados. Em muitos casos, apresentam custos iniciais superiores às tecnologias vigentes relacionados principalmente ao estágio tecnológico em que se encontram e à curva de aprendizado. Conclui que tais particularidades não limitam o interesse da indústria de PE/VC, pelo contrário, muitas delas favorecem o investimento de capital de risco na medida em que reduzem determinados riscos do investimento.
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Svensson, Elin, and Koutra Sofia Ögren. "Minimering av informationsasymmetri mellan investerare och entreprenör : En fallstudie av tre svenska Venture Kapitalister." Thesis, Södertörns högskola, Företagsekonomi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:sh:diva-32186.
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Studiens syfte: Denna studie har som syfte att undersöka hur svenska venture capital aktörer minimerar asymmetrisk information i samarbetsprocessen med entreprenören. Metod: Studien är av fallstudiedesign med kvalitativ ansats där semistrukturerade intervjuer samt enkät med slutna frågor har använts för att samla in data. Empiri: Det empiriska materialet visar hur tre svenska venture capital aktörer noggrant och effektivt väljer investeringsobjekt och sedan arbetar aktivt för att dessa bolag ska bli så bra som möjligt. Slutsats: Studien visar att svenska venture capital aktörer använder sig av en kombination av olika verktyg och att bygga förtroende mellan de olika parterna för att minimera risken med asymmetrisk information.Purpose: The aim of this study is to examine how the Swedish venture capital operators minimize the asymmetric information that may occur during an investment process. Method: This study has a case study design using a qualitative approach in which semi- structured interviews and a questionnaire with closed-end questions were used to collect data. Research: The empirical data shows how Swedish Venture Capital operators accurately and efficiently selects investment targets and then actively work for the companies they invest in. Conclusion: The main result of this investigation is that Swedish venture capital operators use a combination of different tools and trust to minimize the risk of asymmetric information.
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Hummel, Detlev. "Deutsche Kapitalbeteiligungsgesellschaften im Umfeld der globalen Finanzkrise 2008/2009." Universität Potsdam, 2011. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5010/.
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Der vorliegende Beitrag knüpft an die in Potsdam seit 2001 durchgeführte Langzeitstudie an und untersucht die aktuelle Situation auf dem formellen Beteiligungsmarkt in Deutschland nach dem Ausbruch der Finanzkrise. Neben den allgemeinen Gegebenheiten des Marktes werden vor allem die Finanzierungsbedingungen sowie das Investitionsverhalten einzelner Beteiligungsgesellschaften analysiert.
In den Jahren 2008 - 2009 zeigt sich einerseits eine weitestgehend unveränderte Struktur der Refinanzierungsquellen. Privatpersonen und Banken sowie der öffentliche Sektor nehmen weiterhin einen hohen Stellenwert ein. Andererseits werden deutliche Veränderungen der strukturellen Merkmale, wie auch im Investitionsverhalten einzelner Beteiligungsgesellschaften deutlich. Besonders auffällig für die Branche sind das Rationalisierungsbestreben beim Einsatz von Investmentmanagern sowie die zunehmende Spätphasenspezialisierung. Aus dem festgestellten Konsolidierungs- und Reifeprozess erwächst die Herausforderung und offene Frage, wie der Markt eine solche strukturelle Angebotslücke im Frühphasensegment begegnen will. Auch das Einwerben neuer Finanzmittel sowie die aktuellen Exit-Bedingungen werden in der vorliegenden Studie kritisch beleuchtet. Als ein reizvolles Instrument zur Reduzierung der aufgezeigten Problemfelder wird dabei die aktuell unterentwickelte Syndizierung von Beteiligungsinvestitionen angesehen. Die effizientere Ausgestaltung derartiger Finanzierungsstrukturen sollte dazu beitragen, dass das private Beteiligungskapital künftig stärker bei der Transformation betrieblicher Forschung und Entwicklung zum Einsatz gelangt.This paper presents another in a continuing research program initiated at the University of Potsdam in 2001. The current study surveys the current status of the German private equity market. The effects of the financial crisis generally, especially their consequences for the financial conditions and investment strategies of private equity firms are examined. On the one hand, the paper observes little change in the refinancing structure during 2008-2009. Private individuals, banks and the public sector still play an important role. On the other hand, changes in structural characteristics of the investment companies as well as in their investment behaviors are significant. Most noticeable are attempts to reduce human resource costs and a shift towards greater late-stage investment. Apparent consolidation and developing maturity portend a future challenge, to ameliorate an emerging structural supply gap in earlystage segment. In addition, the paper critically examines the current condition of fundraising activities and exit conditions. Syndication, though underdeveloped at present, might offer one way to address these troubling issues. More efficient financing structures should allow private equity to play an increasing role in the commercial transformation of corporate research and development.
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Souza, Erick Carotta. "Análise da performance em IPO de companhias investidas por fundos de private equity e venture capital no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/24660.
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Este estudo tem como seus principais objetivos, averiguar se a existência de um fundo de private equity ou venture capital no quadro societário durante a abertura de capital de empresas brasileiras implica em uma alteração do nível de underpricing sofrido pelas ações das mesmas no IPO, e também analisar como se comportam seus retornos ao longo do tempo e quais os níveis de cobertura de mercado nesse período. Para isso adotou-se a metodologia de estimação por MQO para uma amostra de 120 empresas que abriram seu capital durante o período compreendido entre os anos de 2007 e 2017 na bolsa de valores de São Paulo (BM&FBovespa). As variáveis independentes adotadas foram o volume financeiro de emissão, a quantidade e qualificação dos investidores, a própria existência de um fundo de investimento associado ao IPO, e a quantidade de reports publicados referentes a essas companhias. Os resultados obtidos não revelaram significância estatística para métricas de presença de fundos de private equity ou venture capital. Dessa forma, não foi possível a verificação de potenciais efeitos relevantes nos níveis incorridos de underpricing em decorrência da participação ou não dos mesmos nas companhias quando da abertura de capital das mesmas, tampouco da diferenciação dos retornos após o período de um ano. Nesse mesmo período, no entanto, é possível verificar uma maior cobertura de mercado nos casos em que há presença de um fundo desta natureza.
This study main objective is to evaluate if the presence of a private equity or venture capital on a Brazilian company’s shareholders structure, during its IPO process may affect the underpricing levels of its shares, analyze their return behaviors on a longer time frame and also verify possible changes in their coverage levels due to this fact. An OLS estimation was adopted for a sample of 120 companies that have performed an IPO between the years of 2007 to 2017 on São Paulo’s stock market (BM&FBovespa). The independent variables considered were the initial financial volume offered, the numbers of investors in the initial public offering process as well as their knowledge, the presence of a PE/VC fund associated to the company, and the amount of reports published referent to this companies. The results have not demonstrated statistical significance for the main variable. It was not possible to find evidence of potential effects on underpricing levels occurring in IPOs arising from the presence of a PE/VC fund on the company’s shareholder structure or their return behaviors, however a coverage level change could be verified.
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Uchôa, Mauro Rodrigues. "Private equity e venture capital como alternativas viáveis de investimentos em fundo de pensão no Brasil." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UnB, 2012. http://repositorio.unb.br/handle/10482/11986.
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Dissertação (mestrado)—Universidade de Brasília, Faculdade Economia, Administração, Contabilidade e Ciência da Informação e Documentação, Departamento de Economia, 2012.Submitted by Albânia Cézar de Melo (albania@bce.unb.br) on 2013-01-04T11:53:17Z No. of bitstreams: 1 2012_MauroRodriguesUchoa.pdf: 2252186 bytes, checksum: 1a8e04db5bb8070aa61244ac5ceb00d2 (MD5)
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Private Equity e Venture Capital (PE/VC) têm sido importante alternativa de investimento utilizada por muito investidores institucionais em todo o mundo, com reflexo positivo para a sociedade e principalmente para os aplicadores. Os fundos de pensão são atores preponderantes nesta modalidade, com relevante participação no mercado local, mas em condições de crescer substancialmente, sobretudo em função da necessidade de realocação de recursos que serão migrados dos títulos públicos do governo. Com presença e regulação recente no Brasil, é uma modalidade madura nos países desenvolvidos com histórico de excelentes retornos, mesmo nos períodos de crises, é uma possibilidade viável de investimento no país, principalmente, pela redução histórica da taxa SELIC. Considerando a situação atual da BM&F Bovespa de instabilidade e pouca representatividade da economia nacional, baixo retorno dos produtos bancários e corporativos, os preços elevados dos imóveis e as oportunidades existentes vinculadas ao consumo interno, PE/VC é uma excelente oportunidade de investimento para proporcionar desempenho satisfatório ao patrimônio dos fundos de pensão brasileiros. ______________________________________________________________________________ ABSTRACT
Private Equity and Venture Capital (PE / VC) have been important investment alternative used by very institutional investors around the world, with a positive impact to society and especially to the applicators. Pension funds are predominant actors in this mode, with significant local market share, but able to grow substantially, mainly due to the need for reallocation of resources that are migrated from government bonds. With recent presence and regulation in Brazil, is a mature method in developed countries with a history of excellent returns even in periods of crisis, it is a viable possibility of investment in the country, mainly by reducing historical SELIC rate. Considering the current situation of BM & F Bovespa instability and little representation of the national economy, low return on bank products and corporate, high prices of real estate and existing opportunities linked to domestic consumption, PE / VC is an excellent investment opportunity for performance satisfactory to shareholders for the Brazilian pension funds.
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Braga, João Marcelo Moreira. "Avaliação de empresas de base tecnológica : a indústria de Private Equity / Venture Capital de Minas Gerais." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/10065.
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O sucesso alcançado pela indústria de Private Equity e Venture Capital (PE/VC) no fomento ao empreendedorismo e na dinamização do setor empresarial norte-americano encorajou diversos países a importar este modelo vencedor de intermediação financeira. Este trabalho busca analisar como as empresas de PE/VC realizam suas avaliações de potenciais investimentos e tomam suas decisões de investimento através da identificação junto à literatura das principais variáveis utilizadas e a verificação de como as mesmas se manifestam nas empresas pesquisadas. Na pesquisa sobre o perfil da indústria de PE/VC mineira podemos citar três fatores que nos permitem prever grande crescimento e desenvolvimento da mesma: i) existência de uma rede que contempla todos os ciclos do processo de investimento; ii) a grande presença de empresas atuando nos estágios iniciais do ciclo de investimento; e iii) boa margem de sucesso nos investimentos. Como principal conclusão da pesquisa do como as empresas pesquisadas avaliam possíveis investimentos, podemos citar o fato das empresas pesquisadas focarem muito mais os fatores intangíveis como a equipe, a estratégia e o mercado potencial do que os fatores tangíveis como os aspectos financeiros, tamanho de mercado já existente e planos de negócios.The outstanding success achieved by Private Equity and Venture Capital (PE/VC) in fostering the U.S. enterprising sector has encouraged several countries to import this winner financial model. The objective of this work is to analyze how the PE/VC Companies make the analysis of the potential investment in PE/VC and take the investment decision through the identification in the literature of the most important variables and the verification of how it works in the analyzed organizations. In the study of the profile of the industry of PE/VC from Minas Gerais, Brazil, we can identify three factors that allows to foresee a great growth and development of this industry: i) existence of a net that contemplates all the cycles of the investment process; ii) the great presence of companies acting in the initial periods of training of the investment cycle; and iii) good percentage of success in the investments. As main conclusion of the study of the evaluation variables we can quote the fact of the searched organizations focus much more in the intangible factors as the team, strategy and potential market than in the tangible ones as the financial aspects, the size of the actual market and the business plans.
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ALMEIDA, A. A. "A INFLUÊNCIA DO PRIVATE EQUITY E VENTURE CAPITAL SOBRE A INFORMATIVIDADE DOS LUCROS NO MERCADO BRASILEIRO." Universidade Federal do Espírito Santo, 2013. http://repositorio.ufes.br/handle/10/2756.
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Previous issue date: 2013-03-22Esta pesquisa teve como objetivo investigar a influência do PE/VC sobre a informatividade dos lucros contábeis das empresas listadas na BM&FBovespa. Considerou-se informatividade a intensidade da relação entre o lucro contábil e o retorno das ações, apurada pelo coeficiente angular da reta estimada entre as variáveis PEVC e Lucro Líquido Ajustado (LLA). Adicionalmente, a pesquisa abordou a Influência do efeito conjunto PE/VC e governança sobre a informatividade dos lucros contábeis. Espera-se com esta pesquisa contribuir com a ampliação do conhecimento sobre o papel da contabilidade no mercado de capitais. A amostra foi composta por 1.177 observações de empresas não-financeiras listadas na BM&FBovespa no período de 2004 a 2011. O resultado apurado confirma hipótese de que a informatividade dos lucros contábeis é positivamente relacionada com a existência de PE/VC.
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SALTINI, TOMMASO. "Lo sviluppo dell'industria del venture capital in mercati emergenti." Doctoral thesis, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10280/754.
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Questo studio vuole illustrare le possibilità di sviluppo dell’industria del venture capital nei mercati emergenti.
Il venture capital rappresenta un’alternativa importante per le imprese emergenti dei paesi in via di sviluppo, contribuendo a rafforzare uno sviluppo integrato di tutto il sistema finanziario e dei suoi attori principali quali le istituzioni bancarie tradizionali, i fondi d’investimento ed il mercato dei capitali.
L’obiettivo principale del progetto consiste nell’identificare gli attori principali, e gli investimenti target, così come le esperienze più significative, analizzando i fattori critici e mettendo a fuco azioni e programmi utili per attirare investitori di venture capital, accrescere la conoscenza di questi strumenti e superare i maggiori ostacoli al fine di massimizzare l’impatto che l’industria del venture capital può avere nel rafforzare la crescita industriale a livello paese.
Il lavoro comprende alcune analisi empiriche nell’ambito dell’area arabo-mediterranea, svolte con l’obiettivo di facilitare partnership ed accrescere investimenti tra i paesi scelti ed i paesi europei.
Commenti, spunti e proposte presentate nella parte finale del lavoro sono il frutto di un attento studio degli attori e fattori chiave che contraddistinguono le operazioni di venture capital. Le proposte ed i programmi suggeriti cercano di rispondere alle esigenze e necessità individuate nel corso delle analisi empiriche che sono state svolte trascorrendo lunghi periodi a contatto con gli imprenditori, investitori e funzionari locali.
Le analisi empiriche sullo sviluppo dell’industria del venture capital a livello paese sono state svolte in: Giordania, Palestina, Egitto, Israele e Tunisia.This research aims to verify development of venture capital in emerging markets. Venture capital represents an important alternative to emerging businesses in developing countries by increasing the strength of the entire financial system and its key players, from traditional banking institutions and investment funds, to stock market capital. The project’s main goal is to identify key actors, investment targets, and experiences as well as aiming at analyzing critical factors and conceptualizing related actions pertinent to becoming more competitive in attracting venture capital investors, developing know-how, overcoming barriers, and maximizing the impact venture capital industry may have on industrial growth. The project is focused on the Arab-Mediterranean region seeking to foster partnership and facilitate investment among European and Arab-Mediterranean countries. The comments, ideas, and proposals presented in the final part of the work come from a careful study of the key issues and players exemplified by the operation of venture capital. The findings are also the result of observations made at the end of country-level empirical analyses where much time has been spent in contact with entrepreneurs, investors, and local officials. Country Empirical Analyses on Venture Capital industry development are being carried out in Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, Tunis and Israel.
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Svenberg, Filip, and Philip Hivander. "Private Equity-finansiering - hjälpande eller stjälpande? : En eventstudie om svenska PE- och VC-aktörers påverkan på operationellt värdeskapande för svenska portföljbolag under 2000 – 2017." Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-148904.
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Bakgrund och problem: Det långsiktiga värdeskapandet av Private Equity (PE)- och Venture Capital (VC)-bolag är ett fenomen som forskats kring sedan dess uppenbarelse i mitten av 80-talet. Tidigare forskning har främst fokuserat på portföljbolagens prestation under ägande, medan forskningen är gles gällande de långsiktiga konsekvenserna av PE- och VC-ägande. Trots tidigare forskning inom området, som sträcker sig över tre decennier, finns det ingen etablerad konsensus om de långsiktiga effekterna av PE- och VC-finansiering. Med tanke på den tvetydiga forskningen och det faktum att det inte råder någon konsensus inom området syftar denna studie att undersöka fenomenet på den svenska marknaden. Syfte: Denna studie syftar till att analysera huruvida det råder en operationell prestationsskillnad mellan tidigare PE- och VC-ägda portföljbolag gentemot dess branschkonkurrenter efter avyttring genom börsnotering. Vidare ämnar studien analysera de bakomliggande faktorerna till den tänkbara prestationsskillnaden samt utreda om dessa varierar beroende på vilken aktör som tidigare stått för ägandet. Metod: Undersökningen genomfördes på den svenska marknaden mellan 2000 och 2017 med EBITDA-marginalen, omsättning per anställd, avkastning på sysselsatt kapital, operativa kassaflöden/totala tillgångar och rörelsekapital/omsättning som indikator på operationell prestation. I linje med tidigare forskning tillämpar följande studie en kvantitativ forskningsmetod, en deduktiv design och använder både ett parametrisk och icke parametrisk test i syfte att avgöra den statistiska säkerheten i resultaten. Slutsats: Studien konstaterar att den långsiktiga operationella prestationen för tidigare PE-ägda portföljbolag är sämre än den för branschkonkurrenter. Resultaten fastställer dock en kortsiktig överprestation som grundar sig i varaktiga effekter av effektiviseringsåtgärder från ägandeperioden. I motsats till detta, indikerar VC-ägda portföljbolag på en operativ underprestation, relativt branschkonkurrenter, på kort- och lång sikt men på grund av ett begränsat urval av portföljbolag kan detta inte statistiskt säkerställas.Background and problem: The long term value creation of Private Equity (PE) and Venture (VC) Capital firms is a phenomena that has been debated and researched since its revelation in the mid 80’s. Previous research has primarily focused on the performance of portfolio companies during ownership, while the offer is relatively sparse investigating the long term consequences of PE and VC ownership after divestment. Despite previous research within the field, extending over three decades, there is no established consensus of the long term results of PE and VC financing. Given the contradiction of previous research the study aims to investigate the phenomena in detail on the Swedish market. Purpose: The study aims is to investigate how formerly Private Equity (PE) and Venture Capital (VC) backed portfolio companies preform, relative industry peers, after divestment through IPO. The study is based upon five key operational metrics and further strives to analyse and determine the explanatory variables to the presumed performance deviations and if these vary depending on which actor who previously was responsible for the ownership. Methodology: The study was conducted on the Swedish market between 2000 and 2017 using the EBITDA-margin, RPE, ROCE, operational cash flows to total assets and net working capital to sales as operational determinants for long- and short term performance. In line with previous research the following event study applies a quantitative research method, a deductive design and uses both a parametric and a non-parametric test to determine the statistical significance of the results. Conclusion: The study concludes that the long term operational performance of previously PE- owned portfolio companies is inferior to that of industry peers. However, the results conclude that the portfolio companies over perform industry peers in the short term due to lasting effects of efficiency processes from the ownership period. In contrary to previous results VC-owned portfolio companies indicate an operational under performance in the short and long term but due to a limited selection of portfolio companies this cannot be statistically proven.
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Goraya, Muhammad Imran, and Sardar Muhammad Usman. "How do Venture Capital Firms Incorporate ESG (Environment Social and Governance) Criteria into Investment Decision Making." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Handelshögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-46644.
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The leaders of all countries of each sector and level of society are compelled to work together to address [social and environmental] challenges by maintaining sustainable human development and ensuring that the benefits of globalization are shared more widely. It is in the interests of businesses that these benefits continue both for companies and for others in society. The Venture Capital is a financial capital provided to the startup firms in their early stages which has a high potential for growth but also entail high risk. The Venture capital firms typically look for new and small businesses with a perceived long term growth potential that will result in a high payout for investors. Venture capital is a subset of private equity of the firms. On other hand, Private equity is an asset class consisting of equity securities, which are not quoted in the stock market. An investment in private equity most often involves either an investment of capital in a mature firms as well as buyout firms. The purpose of this study is to explore the gap between UK and U.S venture capital and private equity firms on the base of ESG criteria into investment decision making process. To find a relationship between venture capital and private equity firms mainstream investment with ESG criteria and also highlight new trends and the issues, which are potential barrier of ESG criteria implementation in UK and US firms. The authors used different academic literature, previous studies to find a gap and a relationship of ESG criteria into mainstream investment decision making process in UK and U.S firms. The research is based on both primary & secondary data under descriptive nature of study. A technique with the name of content analysis was used to collect the quantitative data from the U.K and U.S Venture Capital and Private Equity firms. These firms are further categorized in the sample size under the umbrella of clean tech and non-clean tech. Total sample size is 120 firms (60 VC & 60 PE), where 56 are clean tech and 64 are Non-clean tech firms. The find a relationship between variables regression analysis technique is used through SPSS for verifying the validity and variability of collected Data. We found that, an ESG criterion is on development stage, and there is no such technique and standards that are developed by the venture capital and private equity firms. We found, that firms are mostly focusing on responsible investment strategy; it is somehow same like whole ESG for purpose of their investment screening process. We found that ESG consideration in some UK and U.S venture capital and private equity firms exist, but vary from firms to firms. Some firms are considering just one factor while some other firms consider more than one. Large firms have more focus on ESG as compared to small firms; due to the nature of business and size, and number of employees, focus is only limited towards investment options and development of strategies for the firm. The result of this study interpret that the U.S firms are focusing more on investment returns, and pay less attention towards ESG as compared to U.K firms, Where UK Venture capital and private equity firms results shows that, they are more focused towards ESG and feel free to incorporate ESG criteria into their investment strategies without incurring any cost in terms of risk and returns.
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Karim, Martia. "Determinants of Venture Capital Investments : A panel data analysis across regions in the United Kingdom." Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Nationalekonomi, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40179.
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Venture Capital is an important theme in economic research as a growing intermediate in the financing of new or growing young firms. In Europe, it is the United Kingdom that is the leading country with the highest amount of venture capital activity. However, there is a wide spatial distribution of venture capital across the regions of the United Kingdom where London and the South East alone pulled nearly 60% of venture capital in 2013. This paper focuses on a cross-regional study with the selected regions of the United Kingdom: Scotland, England, Wales, and Northern Ireland. The purpose to investigate the relationship between economic growth, research & development expenditure, and population density with total venture capital investments during the time period 2006 – 2016. The aim is to contribute to existing literature on determinants of venture capital with evidence from the United Kingdom. Using a fixed effect model, we can establish a positive relationship between population density and total venture capital invested. Economic growth and gross expenditure on research & development did not yield any significant result.
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Siqueira, Eduardo Madureira Rodrigues. "Determinantes do desempenho dos veículos de investimento de private equity e venture capital: evidências do caso brasileiro." reponame:Repositório Institucional do FGV, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10438/2295.
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Previous issue date: 2008-02-13T00:00:00ZThis paper investigates the influence of the characteristics of private equity and venture capital (PE/VC) organizations on the performance of their funds. Specifically, the analysis seeks to detect how the profiles of investment vehicles, managers and investors determine the success of the portfolio’s companies exits. The study uses a database of PE/VC from FGVEAESP, collected in the First Brazilian Census of Private Equity and Venture Capital and the Guide GVcepe-Endeavor. The sample used in the analyses is composed of 63 investment vehicles that performed at least one exit, between 1999 and the end of the first semester of 2007. The percentage and the number of disinvestment made by initial public offerings (IPO), trade sale or secondary sale in the exits of the fund were used as measures of performance of the investment vehicles. According to the related literature, these mechanisms of disinvestment are the most efficient and profit means of liquidation of the private equity and venture capital participation in a portfolio company. The main findings indicate that only the investment vehicles and managers characteristics influence the success in the exits of PE/VC funds in Brazil, showing that the Smart Money doesn’t exist for the Brazilian PE/VC industry. Therefore, the evidences found lead to the conclusion that it is not possible to assure that some investors have the ability to identify the best managers, investing with them and than achieve better performance. The results of this study are robust and are consistent with the theory and the assumptions expected. Among the evidence found in the analysis, be highlighted that the following characteristics of the PE/VC organizations significantly affect the performance of investment vehicles: amount of committed capital, number of investments already made, the level of control of managers in the invested companies, the co-investments made, the presence of investors in investment committees, foreign origin of the PE/VC organization, focus on private equity firms, the percentage of selection of investments, intensity of contact between managers and companies in the portfolio and experience of the management team in the PE/VC industry.
Este trabalho investiga o efeito das características das organizações de private equity e venture capital (PE/VC) no desempenho dos respectivos fundos. Mais especificamente, a análise procura detectar como os perfis dos veículos de investimento, gestores e investidores determinam o sucesso nas saídas realizadas das empresas do portfolio. O estudo utiliza como base os dados de PE/VC da FGV-EAESP, coletados no Primeiro Censo Brasileiro de Private Equity e Venture Capital e no Guia GVcepe-Endeavor. A amostra usada nas análises é composta por 63 veículos de investimento que realizaram pelo menos uma saída, entre 1999 e o final do 1º semestre de 2007. Como medidas de desempenho dos veículos de investimento, foram utilizadas a porcentagem e o número de desinvestimentos realizados via abertura de capital (IPO), venda estratégica (trade sale) ou venda para outro investidor (secondary sale) das saídas realizadas pelo fundo. Segundo a literatura relacionada, estes mecanismos de desinvestimento constituem os meios mais eficientes e lucrativos de liquidação da participação de private equity e venture capital nas investidas. As principais conclusões encontradas indicam que apenas as características dos veículos de investimento e dos gestores influenciam o sucesso nas saídas dos fundos de PE/VC no Brasil, não se comprovando a existência do efeito Smart Money para esta indústria. Assim, as evidências encontradas levam à conclusão de que não é possível afirmar que alguns investidores possuem a habilidade de identificar melhores gestores, investir com eles e, assim, alcançar melhor desempenho. Os resultados obtidos neste estudo são robustos e estão de acordo com a teoria e com as hipóteses previstas. Dentre as evidências encontradas nas análises, pode-se destacar que as seguintes características das organizações de PE/VC influenciam significativamente o desempenho dos veículos de investimento: volume de capital comprometido, número de investimentos já realizados, nível de controle dos gestores das investidas, existência de co-investimentos, presença de investidores nos comitês de investimento, origem estrangeira da organização gestora, foco em empresas de private equity, percentual de seleção de investimentos, intensidade de contato entre gestores e empresas do portfolio e experiência da equipe gestora na indústria de PE/VC.
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Amirkhanian, Alen G. (Alen Gasparian). "How effective are state venture capital funds in leveraging private sector financing : a case study of the Massachusetts Community Development Finance Corporation's Venture Fund." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/62934.
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Cadle, Schalk Willem. "The importance of knowledge and skills transfer in the private equity, venture capital and angel investing process." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/1786.
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Thesis (MComm (Business Management))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: For any country, including South Africa, new business development is critical for the sustained growth and development of the economy. In this study the impact of the transfer of knowledge and skills by the investor to the investee and the impact on the success of private equity, venture capital and angel investments, new business development in South Africa and internationally is researched. A literature study is firstly conducted to determine, from literature, the importance of the transfer of knowledge and skills by the investor to the investee of a new venture. The results from recent research conducted in the United States of America and Europe is also included to determine current global development tendencies. The research highlighted factors, other than merely having a good business idea, which determines the success of a new venture. The global research clearly demonstrates that the active involvement of the angel investors, venture capitalists and private equity investors in new ventures, through the transfer of knowledge and skills, determines the success of the investment in new business development. The survey that was done in the South African venture capital environment seems to support this outcome although the South African market sector is in the early stages of development and focuses mainly on private equity and not so much new business development.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Nuwe besigheidsontwikkeling is krities vir enige land, ingeslote Suid Afrika, om deurlopende en volhoubare groei en ontwikkeling van die land se ekonomie te verseker. Hierdie studie het die impak van die oordrag van kennis en vaardighede op die sukses van privatekapitaal- , waagkapitaal- (alternatiewelik – nuwebesigheidsbeleggings) en engelbeleggings in nuwebesigheidsbeleggings vir Suid Afrika en Internationaal, nagevors. ‘n Literatuurstudie om die belangrikeid van die oordrag van kennis en vaardighede, van die belegger na die nuwe besighede, in die gemelde belggingsprosesse vir nuwebesigheidsbeleggings te bepaal, is eerstens gedoen. Die uitkoms van navorsings wat onlangs in die Verenigde State van Amerika en Europa gedoen is, is ook ingesluit om die huidige internationale ontwikkelingstendense rakende nuwebesigheidsbeleggings te bepaal. Die navorsing het die klem geplaas op ander belangrike faktore anders as slegs ’n goeie besigheidsidee, wat die sukses van ‘n nuwe besigheid bepaal. Die internasionale navorsing het duidelik aangedui dat die aktiewe betrokkenheid van beleggers, engel-, waagkapitaal en privatebeleggers, deur die oordrag van kennis en vaardigheid aan die nuwe besigheid, die sukses van die nuwe besigheid en dus die belegging bepaal. Die opname wat in Suid Afrika gedoen is, ondersteun hierdie internasionale bevinding alhoewel die Suid Afrikaanse nuwebesigheidsbeleggings sektor in die vroeë stadium van ontwikkeling is en daar hoofsaaklik gekonsentreer word op privatekapitaalbeleggings, “private equity investments”, terwyl die werklike nuwebesigheidsbeleggings nie soveel aandag geniet nie.
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Ismail, Ayman (Ayman Adel) 1973. "Private equity and venture capital in emerging markets : a case study of Egypt and the MENA region." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/55105.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Urban Studies and Planning, 2009."September 2009." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 229-241).
Private equity and venture capital investments in emerging markets grew significantly over the past five years (2003-2008), both in absolute and relative terms. In this study, we examine the industry's role in emerging markets, in terms of key actors, business processes, and impact on portfolio companies. We use a case study of private equity and venture capital in Egypt, and the Middle East and North Africa region. We focus on two key questions: (i) Why did private equity activities grow so much and so fast in Egypt?; (ii) What is the impact of private equity firms on their portfolio companies? And what are the broader economic development implications for the country? In addition to a number of global and macroeconomic trends that created a positive environment for private equity investments, we identify two key factors behind the industry's success in Egypt: first, the industry is dominated by local firms that rely on a mix of local knowledge and expatriate expertise, and have developed key competencies that provided them with a strong competitive advantage and enabled their growth. Second, these firms, while adopting global best practices in the industry, have adapted their business model and practices to the local market needs. In terms of their impact, we found that in most transactions, private equity firms acted as a catalyst for initiating, consolidating, professionalizing, growing and globalizing their portfolio companies, and in doing so, they increased their competitiveness and expanded their operations in regional and global markets.
(cont.) Based on these findings, we argue that private equity firms in emerging markets are providing a new type of "financial entrepreneurship" that is increasingly playing a positive role in economic development.
by Ayman Ismail.
Ph.D.