Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Prisoners'
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Dietz, Erik Faust. "Defining 'too close for comfort' environmental and individual determinants of perceived crowding among a federal inmate population /." Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file 0.99 Mb., 180 p, 2006. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3205428.
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Bourke, Roger. "Prisoners of the Japanese : literary imagination and the prisoner-of-war experience /." St. Lucia : University of Queensland press, 2006. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb40215768s.
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Ireland, Jane Louise. "Bullying amongst prisoners." Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2010. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21901/.
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The present research addresses bullying behaviours among adult men and women prisoners in relation to personal/descriptive and prison-related behavioural characteristics (e.g. behaviours indicative of non-compliance with the regime), differences in social problem-solving, social self-esteem and assertiveness. The research was conducted in two phases. In phase one, male and female prisoners (n = 406) completed a self-report behavioural checklist that addressed indications of bullying behaviour at their present institution, and also a questionnaire that provided them with five different bullying scenarios (depicting indirect-physical, theft-related, sexual, verbal and indirect bullying) to which they were to suggest solutions. Men reported significantly more aggressive responses and positive consequences of using aggression than women for all types of bullying. Pure bullies favoured aggressive responses for all scenarios and reported significantly more positive consequences of using aggression in response to theft-related bullying. Bully/victims reported significantly more positive consequences in response to indirect bullying. Those not involved in bullying reported significantly more negative consequences in response to all scenarios except those involving indirect-physical bullying. In phase two, prisoners (n = 502) completed the same self-report behavioural checklist presented in phase one and also a measure of social self-esteem and assertiveness. Men were significantly more likely than women to report higher self-esteem and assertiveness scores. Pure victims reported lower total assertiveness scores than the other categories and there was a trend for pure bullies to report higher total assertiveness. The proportion of prisoners reporting behaviours indicative of 'being bullied' or 'bullying others' was high in both phases, with over half the sample reporting at least one incidence of 'being bullied' and approximately half reporting at least one incidence of 'bullying others'. In both phases, indirect forms of bullying behaviour were reported more frequently than direct forms, and prison-based behaviours were more predictive of bully-category membership than personal/descriptive characteristics. The implications of the findings for intervention into bullying are discussed and directions for future research are addressed.
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Whitfield, Joseph Michael. "Punitive cultures of Latin America : power, resistance, and the state in representations of the prison." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.708874.
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Singh, Ujjwal Kumar. "Political prisoners in India /." Delhi [u.a.] : Oxford Univ. Press, 1998. http://www.loc.gov/catdir/enhancements/fy0606/98903531-d.html.
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Smith, S. A. "House arrest : Prisoners' wives." Thesis, University of Essex, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.384578.
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Sheehy, Kate. "Understanding suicidality in prisoners." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2016. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/understanding-suicidality-in-prisoners(043d887a-11c8-444a-97f4-ef4dedf6dbe0).html.
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Rates of suicidal thoughts and behaviours are heightened amongst prisoners, and present a significant challenge to correctional facilities globally. Despite this, there is a paucity of theoretically driven research examining the factors that underlie suicidality in prisoners. Two theoretical models of suicide, the Cry of Pain model (CoP; Williams, 1997) and the Schematic Appraisals Model of Suicide (SAMS; Johnson, Gooding & Tarrier, 2008) have highlighted the roles of negative appraisals and perceptions of defeat, entrapment, and hopelessness, as key psychological drivers for suicidal thoughts and behaviours. The overarching aim of this thesis was to investigate the psychological mechanisms that underlie suicidal thoughts and behaviours amongst prisoners. A corollary aim was to examine the psychological factors that may confer resilience to suicidal thoughts and behaviours amongst incarcerated individuals. Firstly, a comprehensive narrative review examined evidence of the applicability of current theoretical approaches to suicide, as applied to prisoner samples. The findings of this review highlighted gaps in the literature, from which a number of research questions were developed for investigation in the current thesis. Next, three empirical studies were designed to investigate the roles of perceptions of defeat, entrapment, hopelessness, and negative appraisals in suicidal ideation. In the first of these studies, cross-sectional evidence was obtained that perceptions of internal entrapment and hopelessness were predictive of suicidal ideation amongst prisoners (Chapter 4). In a second study, the predictive effects of defeat, hopelessness, and entrapment were examined in a longitudinal investigation, finding no significant longitudinal relationship (Chapter 7). In a further empirical study, support was provided for the role of momentary negative appraisals of the present and future as proximal predictors of the severity of suicidal thoughts (Chapter 5). Two further studies examined the role of impulsiveness in suicidality, and provided evidence for the deleterious effect of impulsiveness upon both suicidal ideation (Chapter 8) and self-harm ideation (Chapter 9) in prisoners. Two further studies provided the first theoretically driven investigations of potential resilience factors, conceptualized as positive self-appraisals, within a prisoner sample. Based on the Schematic Appraisals Model of Suicide (SAMS), it was proposed that positive self-appraisals would confer resilience against suicidal thoughts and behaviours. Two studies investigated this hypothesis. The first of these studies found that, contrary to predictions, positive self-appraisals of social support and social reciprocity did not buffer the impact of negative situational appraisals upon suicidal thoughts (Chapter 5). In the second study, evidence was obtained for a buffering effect of positive self-appraisals upon suicidal thoughts. In particular, positive appraisals of interpersonal problem-solving were found to buffer the effects of internal entrapment on suicidal thoughts (Chapter 6).Overall, the findings of this thesis serve to further our understanding of the psychological processes underlying the development of, and resilience to, suicidality amongst prisoners. These results underscore the need to empirically examine the applicability and transferability of psychological models of suicide within prisoner populations. Theoretical and clinical implications of these findings are outlined throughout the thesis.
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Baucom, Tracy R. "Evaluation of the day treatment program at Brown Creek Correctional Institution : a follow-up study /." Electronic version (PDF), 2004. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2004/baucomt/tracybaucom.html.
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Lucko, Paul Michael. "Prison farms, walls, and society : punishment and politics in Texas, 1848-1910 /." Digital version accessible at:, 1999. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Goldingay, Sophie Jennifer Elizabeth. "Separation or mixing: issues for young women prisoners in Aotearoa New Zealand prisons." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social Work and Human Services, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/3740.
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Young women who serve time in adult prisons in New Zealand mix with adult prisoners, unless it is not considered safe to do so. If they do not mix, they serve their sentence in relative isolation, unable to participate in programs, recreation or other aspects of prison life. This is in contrast to male youth in prison who are placed in have specialised youth units to mitigate against the perceived negative effects of mixing with adult prisoners. Using discursive strategies to analyse texts from semi-structured interviews with young women in Aotearoa New Zealand (NZ) prisons and focus group interviews with iwi representatives, this study offers a challenge to dominant framings of both young and adult women prisoners. The study has shown that young women prisoners’ resilience is likely to be strengthened, and opportunities for health and well-being improved, within stable relationships with adults with whom they relate. Whanau-type structures in prison are in keeping with indigenous values and have the potential to provide mentoring relationships which may broaden the current limited subjectivities experienced by young women prisoners.
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Barkworth, Julie. "Prisons, procedural justice and motivational posturing: Examining prisoners' well-being and compliance behaviour." Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/380563.
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Early penology literature identified some of the ‘pains’ of prison life prisoners are faced with (e.g., Sykes, 1958). How prisoners adapt to and cope with these pains can have detrimental effects on their general well-being and psychological distress. Prisoners are much more likely than the general population to experience stress, anxiety and depression, which increases their risk of self-harm and suicide (e.g., Cooper & Berwick, 2001). It is therefore important to find ways to improve prisoners’ well-being and reduce distress while in prison. Some prisoners may ‘act out’ by disregarding staff directives and prison rules as a way to regain and maintain some degree of personal power and control when faced with the reality of their environment. In doing so, the order required to maintain a healthy and stable prison is compromised. Staff-prisoner relationships are consistently shown to be important for maintaining order in prisons. However, order not only relies on what staff do, but on prisoners voluntarily cooperating with staff and willingly complying with prison rules and procedures. A growing body of literature demonstrates procedural justice to be effective for improving prisoners’ well-being and psychological distress, and reducing prisoner misconduct (e.g., Beijersbergen et al., 2014, 2015; Reisig & Mesko, 2009). However, little has been done to examine for whom, and under what conditions, procedural justice may be most effective. Research in other regulatory contexts (e.g., taxation, policing) has begun to examine the role of motivational postures in the relationship between procedural justice and compliance behaviours. Motivational postures measure the extent of social distancing people place between themselves and authorities (Braithwaite, 2003, 2009). The current study uses Braithwaite’s (2003) motivational posturing framework to understand whether procedural justice has different effects on cooperation and compliance behaviour for prisoners in Australia. Utilising self-report survey data from 177 male prisoners, and official prison records from 129 of those respondents, in four maximum security prisons in Queensland, Australia, this thesis addresses six research questions. Results from this research demonstrate that: 1) prisoners who view staff as procedurally just also report higher levels of general well-being and lower levels of psychological distress; 2) prisoners who view staff as procedurally just are also more likely to perceive them as legitimate, and are more willing to cooperate with staff and comply with prison rules and procedures; 3) perceived staff legitimacy (i.e., obligation to obey staff) partially mediates the relationship between procedural justice and cooperation, and fully mediates the relationship between procedural justice and compliance; 4) Braithwaite’s five motivational posturing styles are present among Australian prisoners; 5) procedural justice is positively related to deference postures (i.e., commitment) and negatively related to defiance postures (i.e., resistance, disengagement and game-playing); and finally, 6) three of the five motivational postures (i.e., commitment, resistance and disengagement) were found to have either mediating and/or moderating effects on the relationship between procedural justice and self-reported cooperation, self-reported compliance and actual compliance. This thesis provides important contributions to procedural justice and motivational posturing literature, and has important implications for developing evidence-based best-practices for prison staff to more effectively engage with and manage prisoners.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Crim & Crim Justice
Arts, Education and Law
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Schlosser, Jennifer A. "Assessing prisoner identity and redefining victimless crimes an analysis of prisoners at Boonville Corrections Center /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4527.
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Thesis (M.A.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2006.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file viewed on (February 23, 2007) Includes bibliographical references.
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Lackner, Melissa. "Prisoner reentry and reintegration : perspectives of the women involved in Outcare's St John of God Women's Program." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2012. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/498.
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Promoting and supporting the successful transition of prisoners into the wider community following release is a challenge that has received increasing attention on the part of both researchers and policymakers alike, especially considering the great costs to the community of crime and incarceration. Consequently, literature in this area has grown considerably, spurred by criminal justice interests in reducing recidivism and social justice interests in improving the opportunities and life circumstances of returning prisoners. This literature has however, traditionally been comprised of international studies based exclusively on male populations or with disregard for the differentiation between males and females. Although there is now a slowly growing body of female-specific literature, fuelled by the increasing imprisonment rates among women, more remains to be learnt about the specific experiences and needs of female prisoners, especially from an Australian perspective.
Recognising the need to address the paucity of Australian-based female-specific knowledge, this study explores the release concerns and service needs of female prisoners returning to the Perth metropolitan community. Drawing upon the narratives of eleven women who sought post-release support from Outcare's St John of God Women's Program, this research highlights two outstanding and interrelated themes. Firstly, following release there is a distinct need for women to develop a personal sense of stability within the community, including in particular, the establishment of safe, affordable and appropriate housing, financial security, the maintenance of sobriety, relational connection or reconnection, and immersion into prosocial pursuits. Secondly, in achieving such stability and, more importantly, maintaining it, there is a clear need for support for women, both in personal and non-personal terms. Ultimately, this research points to the critical role of comprehensive and female-focussed throughcare programs and services that can address critical short-term release needs, and provide opportunities for long-term self-sufficiency and sustainability. Furthermore, such services need to be encouraged as a crucial component of the criminal justice system, to ensure that women do not 'slip through the cracks'.
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Durcan, Graham. "Prisoners' perceptions of their mental health needs : a qualitative study with male sentenced prisoners." Thesis, University of Essex, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.517320.
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Magill, Christine. "Penalising prisoners, penalising families : the difficulties of maintaining contact with prisoners through prison visits." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/30120.
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This research considers the difficulties that are encountered when visiting a loved one or relative who is in prison. Early research in this area drew attention to the Prison Service's lack of consideration for families visiting prisons (see Matthews. 1983 1989). Following the Woolf Report (1991) and subsequent reforms, commentators were optimistic that, at last, the Prison Service was starting to address issues relating to prisoners' families. However, much has happened within the prison system since this time - numbers in prison have increased, there has been a renewed emphasis on security, order and control in prison, and a requirement to reduce drug misuse amongst prisoners. The present study reviews the situation in view of these developments. Theoretically, this research draws upon recent feminist work to emerge from North America that focused on the 'hidden' implications of crime control policies for women outside the criminal justice process (see Miller. 1998 Danner. 1998 Massey et al. 1998). Prisoners' families constitute one group with whom this new approach is concerned. This latest feminist endeavour aims to change criminal justice policies and practices so as to lessen the costs to women and children. This aim also formed the rationale for the present study. A multi-method approach was employed. This included a survey of 133 prisons in England and Wales (a response rate of 67% was obtained) and interviews with thirty prison visitors at two prisons. Observational data was also collected at these two prisons. The findings suggest that prisoners' families continue to be ignored by a prison system that treats them as little more than a resource, removed from penal considerations yet entwined into policy when their assistance is required. A number of recommendations for changes to penal policy and practice designed to improve the situation for prisoners' families are proposed.
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Pinnuck, Francine. "Penetrating the fences : a gender analysis of the prison /." Title page, table of contents and abstract only, 1999. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09php6561.pdf.
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Burge, John David Bryson. "Mass for prisoners of conscience." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/29332.
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Mass for Prisoners of Conscience is a sixty-minute composition scored for Baritone, Mezzo Soprano and Child soloists, Choir and Chamber Orchestra. In the work the soloists sing settings of first-hand accounts of political prisoners and their families in English. Although the original accounts are unrelated and drawn from events that occurred in different countries, in the work they are presented in a narrative fashion with the soloists personifying the roles o f a father, mother and child. These accounts or testimonials were provided by Amnesty International, to whom the work is dedicated.
Surrounding the solo settings, the choir sings, in Latin, portions taken from the liturgical Mass. Like the chorus in a Greek tragedy, the choir comments on both the emotions and situations that are expressed in the solo movements. As this is accomplished musically, the work relies heavily on the motivic and structural connections that are repeatedly made between different sections of the Mass. In some instances, the musical setting becomes symbolically representative of the situation that is found in the text. For example, in the sixth movement, the baritone describes in first-person a prisoner's confinement, which the string section of the orchestra mirrors by surrounding the vocal line with eleven possible transpositions of the baritone's melodic line.
In addition to the string section, the chamber orchestra consists of four solo winds, four French horns, piano and percussion. The four French horns not only add a darker colour to the instrumental sound, but, when the text requires it, their fanfare-like music can help project a militaristic feeling. With a battery of twelve instruments, the percussionist also adds colour to the music, and, by projecting some of the important rhythmic activity, helps to better articulate the different sections of the Mass.
The work was commissioned by Vancouver's Christ Church Cathedral Choir, through funding provided by The Canada Council, marking the occasion of the Church's 150th anniversary. It will receive its premiere performance in the spring of 1990.Arts, Faculty of
Music, School of
Graduate
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Pratt, Daniel L. "Suicide in recently released prisoners." Thesis, University of Manchester, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.498568.
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Hypotheses: Suicide was expected to be more likely amongst released prisoners than the general population. Risk factors would include being on remand, charged or convicted with a violent offence, being released from a local prison, having had mental health problems, misused alcohol/substances, a history of suicidal behaviour, and a poor level of post-release engagement with community services. Method: This case-control study identified all suicides and probable suicides between 2000 and 2002, committed by offenders within 12 months of their release from prison in England and Wales. One matched control was recruited for each case. Suicide rates per 100,000 person-years were compared with rates in the general population using the indirectly age-standardised mortality ratio. Information on case and controls was obtained from various official databases and locally held personal records. Logistic regression modelling was used to identify key factors related with an increased risk of post-release suicide. Findings: Out of 256,920 recently released prisoners, 384 offenders committed suicide within a year of release from prison, producing a suicide rate of 150 per 100,000 person-years. Seventy nine (21%) suicides occurred within the first 28 days after release. Released males were 8 times and females 36 times more likely to commit suicide than expected in the general population. Individuals with a history of alcohol misuse, a history of self harm and a psychiatric diagnosis were identified as at greatest risk of post-release suicide. Local prisons were associated with a 2-fold increase in offenders' risk of post-release suicide and suicides were more likely amongst those in contact with mental health services. Interpretation: Recently released prisoners are at a much greater risk of suicide than the general population, especially in the first few weeks after release. The risk of suicides in recently released prisoners is approaching that observed in discharged psychiatric patients. A shared responsibility lies with the prison, probation, health and social services to develop more collaborative practices in providing services for this at-risk group.
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Livingston, Mark Sutherland. "Self-injurious behaviour in prisoners." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.365665.
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Barbuta, Diana. "Voluntary Prisoners of Digital Technologies." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Arkitekthögskolan vid Umeå universitet, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-133140.
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Hobbs, Gaynor S. "Prisoners' Use of Social Support." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2000. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1652.
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Manuscript 1: It is generally acknowledged that prison is often a stressful environment, yet little is known of the coping processes employed by prisoners. This paper aims to examine the question of what facilitates and frustrates prisoners' use of social support whilst imprisoned. This question is examined with regards to both informal (family and friends, other prisoners) and 'formal sources of support (professional support services, peer support prisoners, prison officers). The conclusion that was drawn from this review of the literature is that the role of social support in correctional environments is largely unknown and current thinking is based primarily on anecdotal evidence. Future research should examine prisoners' evaluations of support sources so that services can be directed to best meet prisoners' needs. Manuscript 2: Obtaining support is an important aspect of coping with stress. The purpose of this study was to determine whether prisoners' perceptions of the quality of support differed across support sources. Seventy male sentenced prisoners provided ratings of a perceived support for each of nine potential sources of support. Family members were perceived as providing the highest quality of support with prison officers the lowest. Family members were most often used for support and were perceived as the most helpful. Support from other prisoners, family, and workshop instructors were perceived as the most accessible. The data support the intuitive notion that prisoners' access to family is crucial. The data also question the viability of unit management.
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DuBois, Kate J. "Bidding at the prison auction house an exchange of prisoners' and university students' perceptions of crime and punishment /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10450/10070.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2009.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains iii, 60 p. : col. ill. Vita. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 52-54).
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Gonzalez-Cruz, Michael. "Puerto Rican revolutionary nationalism (1956-2005) immigration, armed struggle, political prisoners & prisoners of war /." Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2005.
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Polonio, Jeffery Nelson. "Assessing the effectiveness of the California Department of Correction vocational education programs." CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/1085.
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Mangels, Nancie J. Anderson James F. "Differences in the background characteristics of black and white male state prison inmates in Alabama and the influence of social, political, and economic factors." Diss., UMK access, 2005.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Dept. of Sociology/Criminal Justice & Criminology. University of Missouri--Kansas City, 2005."A dissertation in sociology and social science." Advisor: James F. Anderson. Typescript. Vita. Title from "catalog record" of the print edition Description based on contents viewed June 26, 2006. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 196-208). Online version of the print edition.
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Parkman, Tiffaney S. "The Transition to Adulthood and Prisoner Reentry: Investigating the Experiences of Young Adult Men and their Caregivers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/26942.
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The issue of reentry has become an important topic to criminal justice scholars and to law makers due to the sheer number of incarcerated individuals being released and the rate in which they cycle back to incarceration. Despite the attention reentry issues have received recently in the areas of policy and criminal justice and recommendations offered to ameliorate problems associated with reentry, the landscape of reentry remains largely unchanged in that many prisoners are released from prison and significant numbers of them return (Austin, 2001).
Approximately 700,000 inmates were released from prisons and jails to their families and communities in 2005 (Harrison & Beck, 2006). Of those inmates, roughly 1/3rd were young adults aged 24 or younger (Mears & Travis, 2004). The outcomes for young adults (age 18-24) incarcerated at such young ages put them at overwhelming risk of a life course trajectory that includes cycles of future imprisonment and poor life outcomes such as economic hardship, poor mental and physical well being and lower life expectancy (Mears & Travis, 2004; Uggen, 2000; Western, 2002) .
This study examined the meanings of formerly incarcerated young adult men and their caregivers made in regard to reentry, caregiversâ ability to meet reentry needs, perceptions about reliance on family and the implications of a young adult child â returning homeâ within the context of release from incarcerative sentencing. This goal was achieved through conducting in-depth semi-structured interviews with formerly incarcerated men between the ages of 18 and 24 and their caregivers for a total of 18 individual interviews that reflect nine young men-caregiver dyads defined as families for this study.
This qualitative study was informed using an integration of family life course perspective, symbolic interactionism and ecological theory. The theoretical amalgam provided the ability to examine the life course transitions of families impacted by incarceration, the perceptions and meanings made based upon the experience with incarceration while being imbedded within a socially stigmatized context of having a felony.
The findings from this study suggest that upon reentry young adult men and their caregivers experienced ambivalence, happiness yet anxiety in moving forward after incarceration. This ambivalence was a major theme that was found not only in reunification, but in relying on family and in fostering independence. Caregivers were emotionally distressed as they juggled their feelings of wanting to help the young men with meeting the multiple demands placed on the family system with their concerns that he might return to his â old ways.â Young men were particularly distressed as they negotiated transitioning from a state of independence (prior to incarceration) to dependence as a prisoner in the criminal justice system, to depending on caregivers upon reentry. The young men in this study reported achieving financial independence from their families prior to incarceration as adolescents through illegal means which gave them adult status in their families. These â off-timeâ transitions before and after incarceration fueled the ambivalence and ambiguity in the young men-caregiver dyads, specifically in terms of the meanings these families made when thinking about reunification, relying on family and in fostering independence.Ph. D.
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Borrey, Anne. "Ol kalabus meri a study of female prisoners in Papua New Guinea /." Boroko, Papua New Guinea : Papua New Guinea Law Reform Commission, 1992. http://books.google.com/books?id=SpXaAAAAMAAJ.
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Bastion, Arlene. "The right of prisoners to education." Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/27658.
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Punishment is an acknowledged method of enforcing the law. Forms of punishment may differ, but the main aims remain the same—first, to discourage transgression of the law, thus maintaining order in society. Second, it is hoped, by some at least, that prisoners will be reformed by or during their punishment.
This dissertation raises questions about the status and legal rights of individuals who are subject to the dominant form of punishment in Canada—incarceration. The questions are: Can prisoners continue to be regarded as persons and right-holders during incarceration? Can prisoners, then, have a right to education? If so, should such a right be made a legal right? The answer one gives to these questions clearly has important bearings on the status of prisoners during their incarceration.
It is argued that prisoners retain their status as persons while incarcerated, that they do have rights, in particular the right to education, and that such a right should be made a legal right. Justice dictates that only relevant differences or just cause can provide acceptable justification for withholding rights from prisoners. That punishment is being inflicted on certain persons does not offer/provide adequate grounds for denying their right to education. Indeed, a legal right to education is warranted to ensure their access to education.
Thus, the first proposition is that apart from the loss of rights necessary to protect society and the prison, and in order to fulfil the criteria of punishment, prisoners continue to hold rights held by other persons, in particular the right to education. This position is defended by considering arguments that prisoners have a moral right to education. These are:
1. The Argument from Incarceration
2. The Argument from The Effects of Punishment
3. The Argument from Punishment of Persons
4. The Argument from Fraternal Obligation
5. The Argument from Social Effects
6. The Argument from Benefits to the Collective
7. The Argument from Equality
The second proposition that this right ought to be made a legal right rests essentially on three premises:
1. That education can contribute to the successful achievement of the goals of incarceration.
2. However, education is not considered a priority.
3. As it now stands, there is no effective way to enforce and sustain education in prisons.
With a legal right to education, prisoners would have some basis for objecting to inadequate educational facilities and opportunities. A legal right would safeguard fair treatment and ensure equal opportunities to education.Education, Faculty of
Educational Studies (EDST), Department of
Graduate
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Kennedy, Sharon Marian. "Anger management training with adult prisoners." Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5780.
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The present study was designed to assess the efficacy of anger management training with aggressive, adult male offenders. The research design included two active treatment conditions and two delayed treatment control conditions. Treatment consisted of cognitive (Anger Control Training) and behavioral components (Structured Learning Therapy). The order of these components was balanced so that the therapeutic effectiveness of each component could be determined, as well as the complete program. Treatment was provided in a traditional correctional centre and in a specialized treatment centre. The program was conducted over a five week period and consisted of a total of 23 therapy sessions, each of which were three hours in length. Thirty-seven adult, male offenders confined in a medium security prison volunteered to participate in the study. All participants were assessed prior to treatment, following the first component of the program, following the second component of the program, and two months following termination of the program. The results of this study demonstrated that anger control training and structured learning therapy are both effective treatment modalities for incarcerated adult male offenders with severe anger and aggressive behavioral problems. Subjects in all four active treatment conditions displayed the following changes. They self-reported less anger to a variety of provocations common to the prison setting. They self-reported decreases in the frequency, intensity, and duration of anger, more appropriate modalities of expression, and fewer consequences of anger reactions. Objective behavioral ratings of their verbal responses to laboratory role-played provocations indicated their responses were more appropriate, as were their self-reported reactions to these provocations. In addition, subjects demonstrated more prosocial attitudes following completion of the program. The overall findings from the followup measures provide strong support for the extended maintenance of treatment benefits. Subjects continued to demonstrate lower levels of anger arousal on cognitive indices of anger. There were no differences in treatment effectiveness between the two institutions on the majority of dependent measures. Overall, the order of presentation of the therapeutic components (Anger Control Training and Structured Learning Therapy) had no distinguishable effects. Thus, all treatment groups benefitted equally from the program. However, the results do indicate that the major therapeutic gains occurred during the first phase of treatment, regardless of the treatment component received. Comparisons conducted on the disciplinary offense yielded inconsistent findings. Although, no strong statement about treatment efficacy can be made from the misconduct data, exposure to the first phase of the program may have had practical value for some of the participants.
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Wheeler, M. L. "Protestants, prisoners and the Marian persecution." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.433286.
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Tsang, Chiu-yee Luke, and 曾昭義. "Prisoners' primary healthcare: healthful or harmful?" Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2010. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B45174246.
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Kitchenham, Nathan Sean. "Impulsivity and addictive behaviours in prisoners." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 2014. https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/impulsivity-and-addictive-behaviours-in-prisoners(74d55afd-d7e3-4811-8ce9-9ae532f5e677).html.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Addiction presents a significant problem for many in prison, yet this group remains relatively understudied in research exploring associated psychological phenomena. Impulsivity has been established as one important psychological factor associate with addiction in the general population and it is of interest to broaden the scope of such investigation to relevant groups. Aims and Objectives: The current study primarily aimed to study the relationship between impulsivity and addictive behaviours in a sample of prisoners, including use of a range of substances and problem gambling. A further objective was to support ongoing developments in the field of impulsivity research, which consider the importance of conceptualising impulsivity as a multifaceted construct. Method: Seventy-two prisoners were recruited from a male prison in south London. Associations between their engagement with addictive behaviours and level of impulsivity were explored both for a trait measure of impulsivity and behavioural measures of two specific facets of impulsivity; all previously associated with addiction in the wider literature. Results: High rates of engagement with addictive behaviours were found, consistent with previous research of prisoners. However associations between impulsivity and addictive behaviours were highly varied depending on the variables under study. Of note lifetime frequent use of only two substances (crack/cocaine and opiates) were found to strongly associate with either elevated trait or behavioural impulsivity. In particular one subscale of trait impulsivity was found to be significantly predictive of frequent crack/cocaine use in the sample. Conclusion: The variance in findings suggests a need for more thorough and selective investigation of how different types of impulsivity may or may not relate to different addictive behaviours in the prisoner population. This would help support firmer conclusions being drawn on the nature of these relationships. The current findings should be considered in the context of limited and inconsistent related research of prisoners to date; however do highlight important areas of prisoner need and potential areas of research interest to consider in future large-scale investigations.
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Singh, Ujjwal Kumar. "Political prisoners in India, 1920-1977." Thesis, SOAS, University of London, 1996. http://eprints.soas.ac.uk/29435/.
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This is a study of the politics of 'political prisonerhood' in colonial and independent India. Prison going and the struggles inside the prison had, with the nationalist culture of jail going in the early part of the twentieth century become an integral part of the protest against the colonial state. Imprisonment in its multifarious forms also became the major bulwark of the colonial state's strategy for harnessing recalcitrant subjects. The purpose of this thesis is to examine the process by which the notion of 'political' became a festering issue in the contest between the colonial state and the subject population and later between the state in independent India and the various 'rebel' groups, and also the manner in which the ruling classes assumed the sole responsibility of defining the 'political'. We have confined our study to the peaks of nationalist resistance against the colonial state and popular struggles against the dominant classes in independent India. Through this exploration of the notion of political prisonerhood we also attempt to understand the permanence and ruptures in the forms of repression and the nature of penal sanctions which the state deployed against its political opponents in colonial and independent India. In order to understand what constitutes 'political crime', and who were or were not recognized as 'political prisoners' at a particular historical moment, we have examined the role of the ideological discourses which informed penal regimes in colonial and independent India. The theoretical premises and conceptual tools in this study bear the influence of the Marxist studies on Indian politics and the Subaltern school's understanding of Indian history. The material for research has been drawn from various official and unofficial sources viz., archival records of the colonial government and the government of independent India, reports on prisons by various governmental committees, jail manuals, rules, regulations, laws, autobiographies, biographies, prison memoirs, prison diaries and interviews with erstwhile political prisoners.
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Tsui, Pui-wang Ephraem. "Subjective experiences of families of long-term prisoners in Hong Kong." Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2010. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B44204796.
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Gilchrist, C. M. "Male convict sexuality in the penal colonies of Australia 1820-1850." Connect to full text, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/666.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Sydney, 2004.Title from title screen (viewed 5 May 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy to the Dept. of History, Faculty of Arts. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Sturgis, Paul W. "Faith behind bars the social ecology of religion and deviance in the penitentiary /." Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/5526.
Full textAbstract:
Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2008.The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on June 17, 2009) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.
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Phillips, Catharine. "Prisoner, prison and situational characteristics and their relationship with the prevalence, incidence and type of prison offending recorded by a sample of prisoners within Western Australian prisons." Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2019. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2163.
Full textAbstract:
The importance that researchers and prison administrators have placed on ensuring that the good governance, security and safety of prisons are maintained has generated a number of studies of prison offending. Previous studies have identified several prisoner, prison and situational characteristics as relevant in regard to their relationship with the prevalence, incidence and type of prison offences committed. However, no studies have been conducted in Australia, and therefore no studies have included Aboriginal prisoners in their prisoner samples. In addition, the differences in regard to legislation pertaining to prison offending between jurisdictions is also of importance when considering the generalisability of the body of research available on the subject.
The present study involved the examination of the relationship between several prisoner and prison characteristics and the prevalence and incidence of prison offending, and several prisoner, prison and situational characteristics and the types of prison offences committed by male, female, Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal prisoner samples. The prevalence, incidence and type of prison offences were examined within and across all adult prison facilities in Western Australia, and included all adult prisoners who had spent the full 12-month study period in prison within Western Australia. Logistic regression and multiple regression analyses revealed that several prisoner and prison characteristics were significantly related to with the prevalence and incidence of prison offending, while logistic regression analyses revealed that several prisoner, prison and situational characteristics were significantly related to the type of prison offences committed by male, female, Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal prisoners included in the prisoner sample.
The present study provides a useful addition to the existing body of research due to it being the first of its kind to include Aboriginal prisoners in an Australian context. The present study also provides generalisable findings to other Australian prisoner populations, and may prove to be of practical importance to other Australian jurisdictions, particularly those where the overrepresentation of Aboriginal people is of an extent similar to that of Western Australia. Practical interventions informed by the findings of the present study may help to reduce the prevalence and incidence of prison offending, and the severity of such offending, which may subsequently improve the security of prisons, the safety of staff, prisoners and visitors, and reduce the financial implications for prison systems, governments and taxpayers in respect of compensation for injured prison staff, prisoners or visitors, costs associated with the rectification of damage caused by prisoners, and costs associated with the administrative processes relating to the progression of formal prison charges.
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Lazarus, Liora. "Prisoners' rights in Germany and England : a comparative examination." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:44104e48-0c7e-4fbc-bb77-87dbe37a3e88.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis is a comparative examination of prisoners' rights in England and Germany. The thesis has three dimensions: first, it is a description of the legal status of the prisoner in Germany and England; second, it is an examination of the social, political and cultural dynamics which have shaped prisoners' rights in each jurisdiction; and third, it is in itself an exercise which seeks to address the problems of comparative law which are identified in the introduction. England and Germany have been chosen as comparators as their respective approaches to prisoners' rights present illuminating contrasts. In England, despite significant judicial activity in the development of a prisoners' rights jurisprudence, prisoners' rights protection remains partial and equivocal. Many aspects of prison life are left within the realm of executive discretion, and the present Government, much like its predecessors, is unlikely to entrench a bill of prisoners' rights. Proponents of prison reform in England argue that the system of prisoners' rights protection is inadequate, not only in terms of the rights which prisoners can claim, but in terms of the possibilities of enforcement and the independence of enforcement bodies. This equivocal commitment to rights in England is heightened when juxtaposed against Germany's highly articulated rights culture and ambitious system of prisoners' rights protection under the Prison Act 1976. The German Prison Act, which is underpinned by a considerable constitutional jurisprudence on prisoners' rights, sets out foundational principles of prison administration, affords prisoners positive rights, defines the limitations of prisoners' constitutional rights and provides prisoners recourse to a Prison Court. Moreover, the rights and principles under the German Prison Act have been developed and refined in a substantial body of prison law jurisprudence over the last thirty years. Chapters one to three of the thesis make available to an English audience an in-depth account of the conception and protection of prisoners' rights in Germany and the broader context in which this has taken place. Chapters four and five of the thesis examine the method and manner of conceiving of the prisoner's legal status in England in the light of the German conception and explore the deeper political and cultural reasons for the divergence between England and Germany.
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McBride, Rachel Robles-Goodwin Patsy Jane. "Incarcerated mothers in Cuenca, Ecuador perceptions of their environment and the impact it has on the lives of their young children and their education /." [Denton, Tex.] : University of North Texas, 2008. http://digital.library.unt.edu/permalink/meta-dc-6078.
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Jones, Wesley A. Hines Edward R. "Postsecondary education for female incarcerates a study of attitudes /." Normal, Ill. Illinois State University, 1987. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ilstu/fullcit?p8713218.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Illinois State University, 1987.Title from title page screen, viewed July 29, 2005. Dissertation Committee: Edward R. Hines (chair), Rodney P. Riegle, John R. McCarthy, Patricia H. Klass, Franklin G. Matsler. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 147-157) and abstract. Also available in print.
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Rowley, Alison. """Bringing the outside world in"": Canadian prisoners' correspondence with Claire Culhane, activist and penal abolitionist, 1976-1996 /." Burnaby B.C. : Simon Fraser University, 2005. http://ir.lib.sfu.ca/handle/1892/2405.
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Thomas, Victor R. "Bridging the gap between church volunteers and inmates." Online full text .pdf document, available to Fuller patrons only, 1997. http://www.tren.com.
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Schinkel, Marguerite Lucile. "Long term prisoners' accounts of their sentence." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/7782.
Full textAbstract:
This thesis examines how long-term prisoners make sense of their sentence: what they see as its purpose, whether they think it fair and how they integrate their sentence in their life story. Its findings are based on narrative interviews with six men at the start of their sentence, twelve men who were about to be released and nine men who were under supervision in the community. The men interviewed felt the prison largely failed in its purposes of reform, rehabilitation and deterrence, even though these outcomes were much desired, as almost all wanted to desist. Reformative efforts were seen as overly relying on cognitive behavioural courses in the prison, which, because they were compulsory for progression within the prison, were attended by many who were not motivated to engage with them. Furthermore, the men felt that they were treated as an aggregate rather than as individuals with individual needs and that this meant the necessary supports upon release were often not put in place. Meaningful communication about the relationship between the offence and the sentence was largely lacking. Any moral communication in the courtroom was hampered by the emotional demands on the men at the sentencing stage, their wish to manipulate the outcome in their own favour and their perception that court actors, too, manipulated processes, thereby lessening the moral standing of the court. However, despite the common perception of sentences failing to achieve any desired outcome and other complaints - about the inconsistency of sentencing, the standing of the court to judge and miscarriages of justice - almost all the men nevertheless positioned their sentence as fair (enough) in their narrative. While some referred to normative reasons to explain the legitimacy of their sentence, for others their acceptance was determined by their need to cope with the lived reality of imprisonment. This led to a strategy of ‘getting your head down’, which included accepting the ‘justice’ of one’s sentence, but also limiting thoughts of the outside world and minimising contact with family. Others positioned their prison sentence as transformative in order to be able to construct a progressive narrative and make sense of a desired future of desistance. However, the men on license after release generally struggled to maintain a projected upward trajectory and only felt able to desist by isolating themselves, thereby avoiding further trouble. The thesis concludes that long-term prison sentences could be rendered more meaningful through greater individual input and a dialogue about questions of purpose and meaning, possibly initiated by community criminal justice social workers. In order to promote desistance, it is important that those who are released have better chances to secure an alternative identity for themselves so that they can move into a new stage of their lives, rather than withdrawing from the world in order to desist.
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Kwok, Leung-ming, and 郭亮明. "Managing long term prisoners in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1998. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31978551.
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El-Jamal, Basim. "Palestinian political prisoners and Israeli imprisonment policy." Thesis, University of Exeter, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.403079.
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Knudsen, Else Marie. "The experiences of Canadian children of prisoners." Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2016. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3501/.
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Long hidden from academic scrutiny, children of prisoners have recently become the subjects of much academic study, through a variety of disciplines and methods. However many issues within this topic remain under-examined. This study aimed to explore two such issues: the self-reported experiences of children of prisoners, and children in the Canadian context. This thesis analyses the results of qualitative interviews with children aged 6-17 who currently have a parent in prison (N=22). Employing a ‘sociology of childhood’ framework, this project seeks to centre the voice of children themselves, privileging their own views and meaning-making. These data are supplemented with other findings to provide context to children’s narratives, including: interviews with these children’s caregivers in the community (N=12); interviews with a variety of key informants; observations gathered during extensive recruitment efforts with families of prisoners; and reviews of existing policy documents and service provision specific to parental incarceration. The thesis begins with a review of the existing literature, followed by a description of the methods used in the present study. The analysis then begins in Chapter 4 with a discussion of the context of these children’s lives, with a particular focus on poverty. Moving to the data from children themselves, Chapters 5 and 6 explore children’s inner lives and immediate relationships, specifically their emotions about parental incarceration and relationships with their parents. Chapters 7 and 8 pull back to reveal children’s interactions with their communities, and Chapter 9 widens the lens further to explore their experiences within the social policy context. Through a variety of empirical findings and by telling the story of parental incarceration in Canada from a critical and child-centred perspective, this thesis contributes to the scholarly understanding of parental incarceration.
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Brivik, Adva. "The Impact of Overcrowding on Prisoners' Rights." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/4440.
Full textAbstract:
This dissertation will focus on the effect of overcrowding of inmates in prisons, showing that due to Government policies, a self defeating cycle is in place whereby instead of leading to the reintegration of prisoners, the prison system is actually creating more problems for the society that it is trying to protect. The situation has not suddenly appeared overnight and a brief discussion as to the complicated history of South Africa's penal system, specifically up until the end of white minority rule in 1994, is necessary. Further, this dissertation intends to look at South African law as well as well as international treaties. Following on from this a case by case look at inmates' rights, this relates to both those that have been sentenced and those awaiting trial, and ensuring that they are invoked. Despite legislative support for the protection of inmates' rights the situation at present is clearly unacceptable and as such, various reasons for this will be explored, including the problems surrounding minimum sentence legislation, the ability of correctional services to deal with court challenges and overcrowding and HIV/ AIDS. Lastly, after a discussion of South African and international case law on the matter, with a review of the viability of the various alternatives to imprisonment. Finally, the common misconceptions that are often based on feelings of victimisation, whereby 'people are sent to prison as punishment and not for punishment' will be clarified.
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Kwok, Leung-ming. "Managing long term prisoners in Hong Kong." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B20622028.
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Reuss, Anne Marie. "Higher education & personal change in prisoners." Thesis, University of Leeds, 1997. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/439/.
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This thesis concerns the paradox of Higher Education in prisons - paradox because the aims, practices, ideals and ideologies of the former are recognisably at odds with those of the latter, whose concern is essentially 'human containment'. Based on a three-year classroom ethnography of men undergoing the University of Leeds Diploma Course in Social Studies, whilst serving sentences in H.M.P. Full Sutton (a maximum security dispersal prison), the thesis contends that those inmates experience the course in a profound manner. The primary concern is that a course of Higher Education in prison can effect change or transformation in prisoner-students who assimilate the course material in a complex process of learning and social interaction which is 'woven', or synthesised into their life experience. The thesis argues that elements of this process are retained by prisoner-students, that they become embedded in their conscience, and interpreted as meaningful experience, having the potential to influence or direct post-release behaviour. The learning is therefore a process of empowerment. The research focuses on how the potential for change occurs, what the nature of the change is and how to articulate the process. It is widely believed that education programmes undertaken whilst in prison may be rehabilitative and so the research seeks clarification of: a) how the interactive and integrative learning processes in the prison classroom have the potential to re-invest prisoner-students with a positive sense of self, b) the opportunities with which prisoner-students are presented to develop those skills considered of value in a complex and profoundly regulated society. The study shows that acquiring new knowledge in prison is a social process embedded in the wider context of the individual prisoner's life experiences and personal identity formation. Through examination and evaluation of the learning processes the study reveals that the acquisition of that knowledge is uniquely shaped by the experience of long-term imprisonment for each prisoner and that this level of educational attainment negates the marginalisation and exclusion experienced by some prisoners on release. Data was gathered through field-work as a participant observer whilst teaching the prisoners. Classroom interactions and conversations were noted and subjected to qualitative analysis to develop and test the theory that there is a linkage between studying at degree level whilst imprisoned, and personal development or change. The findings take the form of classroom narratives, supported by questionnaires and interviews. Additionalmaterial was gathered from secondary sources on prison education, penal policy and adult learning.
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Mnguni, Vusi Aggrey. "Prisoners' right to health in South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/60067.
Full textAbstract:
People are not incarcerated voluntarily; they are placed in correctional centers by
the state either as un-sentenced suspects in a crime awaiting their cases to be
finalized or as sentenced offenders, sentenced by a court to incarceration. Because
the prisoners are placed in these centers involuntarily, the state has a total and
inescapable responsibility and duty to care for them in a manner that does not
violate or compromise their constitutional rights. The right to health care or right to
access to health care is one such right.
The International Bill of Rights, together with a number of charters and treaties have
set minimum standards that, when read together, articulate the right to health for
prisoners and lay down a platform on which comprehensive international legal
framework can be developed guaranteeing the right to health of all persons who are
incarcerated and deprived of their liberty. This framework has also laid a perfect
foundation from which the Constitution, particularly the Bill of Rights, of the Republic
of South Africa was based. The Bill of Rights, Chapter 2 in the Constitution of the
Republic of South Africa, contains several guarantees aimed at safeguarding the
rights of those individuals detained by the State, whether they are sentenced
prisoners or awaiting trial. The Correctional Services Act was promulgated in 2004 in
creating a rights based framework for South African?s prison system. The
Department of Correctional Services must provide, within its available resources,
adequate healthcare services, based on the principles of primary health care, in
order to allow every prisoner to lead a healthy life. Although the Department of
Correctional Services is governed by a discrete piece of legislation in the form of
Correctional Services Act, it does not have its own separate laws that govern health
care, but have to be in line with what the National Health Act and the Constitution
dictates. In terms of the Right to Healthcare and Medical Treatment, the Department
of Correctional Services complies with all Department of Health policies and
practices.
The Constitution, together with legislation (DCS, NHA and regulations) have
provisions that clearly entrench the protection of health related rights of prisoners. From the legal perspective, the Constitution and legislation have sufficient
safeguards that promote the right to health care for prisoners. The court has also
been equal to the task in enforcing these rights. It has to be noted, however, that
whilst litigation has brought victory to individual complainants, these victories have
often not translated into fundamental changes in reality situations on the ground. The
disjuncture between what is in the law and what actually happens on the ground
stems from challenges that can be solved internally by the Department of
Correctional Services and others that outside the purview of the department.Mini Dissertation (MPhil)--University of Pretoria, 2016.
Public Law
MPhil
Unrestricted