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Journal articles on the topic 'Prisoners – Rehabilitation – New South Wales'

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Published: 4 June 2021

Last updated: 1 February 2022

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1

Hanley, Natalia, and Elena Marchetti. "Dreaming Inside: An evaluation of a creative writing program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men in prison." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 53, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865820905894.

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Arts-based prison programs are often viewed as hobbies or as activities that have little impact on prisoner rehabilitation according to conventional understandings of the term. This is despite growing evidence that arts-based programs can assist with learning retention and can improve self-confidence and ways of coping with emotions. Generally, arts practices have been found to assist Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who have grown up or live in urban areas with asserting and strengthening their cultural identity, but we know little about the effects of arts-based prison programs on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoner wellbeing. This article focuses on a creative writing program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoners at Junee Correctional Centre, New South Wales. The program, Dreaming Inside, has produced seven volumes of poetry and stories. This article combines and reports findings from two evaluations of the program, one using program feedback forms and the other using semi-structured interviews with prisoners who participated in the program. The themes that emerged from both evaluations affirm the program’s efficacy in improving prisoner self-esteem, confidence and wellbeing, and in reigniting and strengthening cultural engagement.

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2

Aldous, David E. "Perspectives on Horticultural Therapy in Australia." HortTechnology 10, no. 1 (January 2000): 18–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.10.1.18.

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Human awareness of plants in Australia goes back 50,000 years when the aboriginal first began using plants to treat, clothe and feed themselves. The European influence came in 1778 with the First Fleet landing in New South Wales. Australia's earliest records of using horticulture for therapy and rehabilitation were in institutions for people with intellectual disabilities or who were incarcerated. Eventually, legislation created greater awareness in the government and community for the needs of persons with disabilities, and many worthwhile projects, programs and organizations were established or gained greater recognition. Horticultural therapy programs may be found in nursing homes, rehabilitation centers, adult training support services, hospitals, day centers, community centers and gardens, educational institutions, supported employment, and the prisons system. This article reviews the history and development of Australian horticulture as a therapy in the treatment of disabilities and social disadvantaged groups, and includes an overview of programs offered for special populations and of Australia's horticultural therapy associations. It also discusses opportunities for research, teaching and extension for horticultural therapy in Australia.

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3

Heilpern, David. "Sexual Assault of New South Wales Prisoners." Current Issues in Criminal Justice 6, no. 3 (March 1995): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10345329.1995.12036663.

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4

Butler, Tony, Stephen Allnutt, David Cain, Dale Owens, and Christine Muller. "Mental Disorder in the New South Wales Prisoner Population." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 5 (May 2005): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01589.x.

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Objectives: To determine the prevalence of mental illness among prisoners in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Method: Mental illness was examined in two NSW prisoner populations: (i) new receptions to the correctional system; and (ii) sentenced prisoners. Reception prisoners were screened at four male centres and one female centre in NSW. The sentenced population was randomly selected from 28 correctional centres across the state. Reception prisoners were screened consecutively whenever possible while the sentenced group was randomly selected as part of the 2001 Inmate Health Survey. We adopted the same instrument, Composite International Diagnostic Interview – Auto (CIDI-A), for diagnosing mental illness as used in the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Results: Overall, 43% of those screened had at least one of the following diagnoses: psychosis, anxiety disorder, or affective disorder. Reception prisoners suffered from mental illness to a greater extent than sentenced prisoners (46% vs. 38%). Women had higher levels of psychiatric morbidity than men (61% vs. 39%). Nine percent (9%) of all prisoners had experienced psychotic symptoms (due to any cause) in the prior 12 months. Twenty percent (20%) of all prisoners had suffered from at least one type of mood disorder and 36% had experienced an anxiety disorder. Posttraumatic stress disorder was the most common disorder, diagnosed in 26% of receptions and 21% of sentenced prisoners. Conclusions: These findings confirm that prisoners are a highly mentally disordered group compared with the general community. Given the high prevalence of mental illness identified by this study, it is essential that prison mental health services be adequately resourced to address the demand and, at minimum, ensure that mental health does not deteriorate during incarceration.

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Butler, T., B. Donovan, J. Taylor, A. L. Cunningham, A. Mindel, M. Levy, and J. Kaldor. "Herpes simplex virus type 2 in prisoners, New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of STD & AIDS 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 743–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462001915174.

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Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) antibodies in male and female prisoners. A cross-sectional random sample was used consisting of 789 prisoners (657 males and 132 females) from 27 correctional centres across New South Wales (NSW), stratified by sex, age and Aboriginality. Participants were questioned about demographics and behavioural risk factors and were screened for serum antibody to HSV-2. The overall prevalence of HSV-2 antibodies was higher in females (58%) than males (21%), and in Aborigines (34%) compared with non-Aborigines (24%). HSV-2 prevalence increased with the number of sexual partners. Few prisoners (1%) reported a previous diagnosis of genital herpes. Independent risk factors for the presence of HSV-2 antibodies were increasing age and Aboriginality for men, and higher reported number of lifetime sexual partners and the presence of hepatitis C antibodies for women. HSV-2 infection is common in prison inmates. There is a need to incorporate information about STDs, including HSV-2, into education programmes for inmates.

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6

Kariminia, Azar, Matthew G. Law, Tony G. Butler, Michael H. Levy, Simon P. Corben, John M. Kaldor, and Luke Grant. "Suicide risk among recently released prisoners in New South Wales, Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 187, no. 7 (October 2007): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01307.x.

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7

Butler, T., A. Kariminia, M. Levy, and M. Murphy. "The self-reported health status of prisoners in New South Wales." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 28, no. 4 (August 2004): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00442.x.

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8

Gorta, Angela, and Tony Sillavant. "Escapes from new south wales gaols: placing the risk in perspective." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 24, no. 3 (December 1991): 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589102400303.

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This article seeks to place the risk posed by escapees in perspective by presenting information on escapees from NSW gaols, based on a detailed record study of the 812 prisoners who escaped during the 6 year period, July 1983 to June 1989. Escapes from NSW gaols are a relatively rare occurrence. The majority of escapes (68.4%) occurred from within minimum security institutions. A further 12.3% of escapes refer to prisoners who fall to return on time from an unescorted temporary absence from the gaol, such as day/weekend leave, attendance at technical college or university, etc. Escapees tended to be younger, more likely to be serving sentences for property offences, more likely to be held in minimum security, more likely to have lower security classifications and less likely to be held on remand than prisoners in general. There is no particular point in their sentence when escapees are more likely to escape. While there are variations in patterns of escape or characteristics of escapees from year to year, there are no clear trends over time. The characteristics of escapees determined in this study suggest that reasons exist for escaping other than the presentation of the opportunity. More than one-quarter (28.6%) of the escapees were recaptured on either the day they escaped or the following day. Half (50%) of the escapees were recaptured within 8 days of their escape. The majority of escapees (74.2%) were not convicted of committing any offences whilst at large. Of those who were convicted, offences committed whilst at large are most commonly property offences (74.9%) such as break, enter and steal or larceny of a motor vehicle

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9

Nielssen, Olav, and Shavtay Misrachi. "Prevalence of Psychoses on Reception to Male Prisons in New South Wales." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 6 (June 2005): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01603.x.

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Objective: To estimate the prevalence of psychotic illnesses among men received to prisons in New South Wales. The study also sought to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the psychosis screener in the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-Auto). Method: The study was part of a larger study on psychiatric disorder in men received to New South Wales prisons. Using a structured questionnaire, the CIDI-Auto (modified), which included screening questions for psychotic illness, the prisoners who gave positive responses to the screening questions for psychosis as well as any subjects considered by the experienced clinicians performing the CIDI-Auto interviews to show features of a psychotic illness, were referred to the researchers for a clinical assessment. The clinical assessment included a review of all available information. Results: Of the prisoners, 5.1% were thought to have definite psychotic illness and 1.9% to have possible psychotic illness. The psychosis screener was found to be neither sensitive nor specific. Conclusions: The rate of psychotic illness among people remanded to New South Wales prisons is between 10 and 14 times the rate found in a similar study in the wider community. The poor performance of the psychosis screener suggests that screening for psychotic illness on reception to prisons should be performed by clinically trained staff.

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10

Cregar, Jan, Susan Kippax, and June Crawford. "Sex, Contagion, Control: Prison Officers vs Condoms in New South Wales Gaols." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 29, no. 3 (December 1996): 227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589602900302.

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Since the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, public health experts have identified prison populations as a target for preventive strategies in order to minimise transmission of HIV among the general community. Public opinion favours supplying condoms to prisoners, but this was successfully resisted by prison officers in New South Wales for eight years. This paper examines expert and community opinions, HIV/AIDS and prison policies, public and correctional discourse, and statements made by prison officers' union representatives. It offers an account of the prison officers' success in blocking condom distribution, based on three major discursive themes emerging from the analysis.

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11

Innes, E. "Workplace-based occupational rehabilitation in New South Wales, Australia." Work 5, no. 2 (1995): 147–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-1995-5209.

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12

Ross, Joanne, Courtney Field, Sharlene Kaye, and Julia Bowman. "Prevalence and correlates of low self-reported physical health status among prisoners in New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Prisoner Health 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 192–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-06-2018-0039.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence and predictors of low self-reported physical health status among NSW prison inmates. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional random sample of 1,098 adult male and female prisoners, interviewed as part of the 2015 Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network Patient Health Survey. Findings Almost a quarter of participants had “low self-reported physical health status”. Independent predictors of “low health status” were having been in out of home care before the age of 16 years, being illiterate, smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day, not eating more than one serve of fruit a day, not being physically active in the 12 months before incarceration, higher body mass index score and low self-reported mental health status. Many of these predictors are modifiable risk factors for chronic disease, which could be targeted during incarceration. Originality/value This paper demonstrates the utility of a using a single item measure of self-reported physical health status among Australian prisoners, and helps to characterise those prisoners in greatest need of intervention for issues relating to their health.

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13

Pryor, Julie. "A snapshot of rehabilitation referrals in rural New South Wales." Australian Health Review 34, no. 2 (2010): 204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah08713.

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The aim of this paper is to describe patterns of referral to inpatient rehabilitation in rural NSW. Archival records of referrals to one rural speciality medical rehabilitation service during 2004 and 2005 were analysed using descriptive statistics displayed using tables and graphs. Seventy-six referrers referred 922 patients for inpatient rehabilitation. Almost two-thirds (63.6%) came from the local acute hospital. Most referrals (80.4%) were considered appropriate for inpatient rehabilitation. Almost three-quarters (72.5%) of the patients referred were admitted. The demand for inpatient rehabilitation is high in rural NSW, suggesting that many healthcare providers view rehabilitation as a valuable service. Furthermore, this study suggests the important contribution that inpatient rehabilitation makes to the utilisation of acute care beds, but does not confirm it. What is known about the topic?Internationally and nationally there is a growing appreciation of the contribution that clinical rehabilitation services make to quality of life for people with a range of conditions, but little is known about referrals patterns to inpatient rehabilitation in rural NSW. What does the paper add?This paper provides the first focussed study of referrals to inpatient rehabilitation in rural NSW. It reports the number of patients referred, the number of referrers, the appropriateness of those referrals and their outcomes. What are the implications for practitioners?Rehabilitation services are important, widely and largely appropriately used; and that further work is needed to assess whether additional services are required to meet this demand.

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Riddell, Steven, Olav Nielssen, Tony Butler, Macdonald Christie, and Graham Starmer. "The Relationship Between Amphetamine Use, Crime and Psychiatric Disorder Among Prisoners in New South Wales." Psychiatry, Psychology and Law 13, no. 2 (November 2006): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/pplt.13.2.160.

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15

Alexander, C. "From Dreamtime to Nightmare: The voices of 168 Aboriginal (ex-)prisoners in New South Wales." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology 23, no. 3 (December 1987): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078338702300301.

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16

Clancy, Anna, and Mike Maguire. "Prisoners and their children: An innovative model of ‘whole family’ support." European Journal of Probation 9, no. 3 (December 2017): 210–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2066220317742634.

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The article reports key findings from an evaluation of ‘Invisible Walls Wales’ (IWW), a multi-agency ‘through the gate’ project in HMP Parc, South Wales, based on an innovative model of ‘whole family’ support for prisoners, their children and partners. It provides an overview of previous research on the impact of parental imprisonment on children and families, including financial hardship, emotional stress and risks of ‘intergenerational offending’. It outlines the core elements of the IWW model and the substantial infrastructure of family support facilities in the prison on which it was built. It summarises outcomes of the project for fathers, partners and children, and gives examples of how IWW’s ‘whole family’ approach is influencing policy and practice elsewhere. Reoffending rates are not yet available, but are anticipated to be low. However, the key strength of the project, it is argued, lies in its emphasis on the ‘whole family’ as the main beneficiary, rather than focusing narrowly on rehabilitation of the father.

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McCarthy, Weston, and Hampton. "Governing Prisoners’ Health: The Development of the Prison Medical Service in New South Wales, 1840–1900." Health and History 22, no. 1 (2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5401/healthhist.22.1.0008.

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18

Gibbs, Andrew, James E. Pearse, Neill Jones, Jennifer A. Sheehan, Kathleen T. Meleady, and Hirani Jayasinha. "Projecting subacute inpatient activity in New South Wales." Australian Health Review 33, no. 4 (2009): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ah090601.

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We describe the development of a method for estimating and modelling future demand for sub- and non-acute inpatient activity across New South Wales, Australia to 2016. A time series linear regression equation was used, which is consistent with projection models found in the literature. Results of the modelling indicated an increase in rehabilitation, palliative care and maintenance episodes and bed-days. Projections for other categories of care are problematic due to smaller levels of activity and data quality issues. This project indicated a need for ongoing monitoring of type-changing by facilities and management of data quality. Local planners will need to consider a range of factors when considering the applicability activity projections at a local level, particularly within the specific age and clinical groupings.

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Butler, Tony, Stephen Allnutt, Azar Kariminia, and David Cain. "Mental Health Status of Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Australian Prisoners." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 5 (May 2007): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670701261210.

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Objective: To compare the mental health of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal prisoners in New South Wales. Methods: The sample consisted of a cross-sectional random sample of sentenced prisoners, and a consecutive sample of reception prisoners. The sample was drawn from 29 correctional centres (27 male, two female) across New South Wales. Overall, 1208 men (226 Aboriginal), and 262 women (51 Aboriginal) participated in the study. Mental illness was detected using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-A) and a number of other screening measures incorporated into the programme. Results: No differences were detected in mental illness between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal men, apart from depression, which was lower in the latter group. Aboriginal woman were more likely than non-Aboriginal women to screen positive for symptoms of psychosis in the prior 12 months and have a higher 1 month and 12 month prevalence of affective disorder; they also had higher psychological distress scores. Suicidal thoughts and attempts were the same in both groups. Conclusions: These findings confirm that the demand for mental health services in prisons is considerable, and that Aboriginal women are one of the most vulnerable groups. Services and programmes providing an alternative to incarceration are needed, as are culturally sensitive approaches to treatment.

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O'Driscoll, Colmán, Anthony Samuels, and Mark Zacka. "Suicide in New South Wales Prisons, 1995–2005: Towards a Better Understanding." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 6 (June 2007): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670701341863.

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Objectives: This paper reports on a review of suicides in New South Wales (NSW) prisons from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2005 in an attempt to gain a better understanding of the nature and quality of the problem of suicide among prisoners. Method: All deaths in NSW prisons for the period were reviewed. Those identified as self-inflicted, with a coronial finding of death by suicide or those awaiting a coronial hearing but reported as possible death by suicide were included. A data set was collected on each case and entered into a database. Results: A total of 92 cases were identified as deaths by suicide in NSW prisons from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2005, representing 41% of all deaths in custody for the period. Conclusion: The rate of suicide in NSW prisons has been declining over the past 10 years, but remains approximately 10-fold that of the NSW community. Suicide was the leading cause of death among NSW inmates from 1995 to 2005. Suicide is a rare event, making its prediction a difficult task, with the prison environment a further compounding factor. This review highlights a number of factors, which appear to be common in many cases. Increased monitoring during the first week of incarceration may be an effective intervention. It is recommended that consideration be given to the length of time spent on remand and the value of custodial sentences of ≤6 months.

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Gallimore, Desirée P. M. "Multiculturalism and Students with Visual Impairments in New South Wales, Australia." Journal of Visual Impairment & Blindness 99, no. 6 (June 2005): 345–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145482x0509900604.

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This study found that a large number of students with visual impairments in public and private schools in New South Wales come from culturally diverse backgrounds, that teacher training does not incorporate multicultural perspectives, and that instructors and itinerant vision teachers lack knowledge and skills to teach from a multicultural perspective. Recommendations are provided to guide the inclusion of multicultural perspectives in teacher preparation programs and teachers’ practices.

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Graham. "‘Made Ill by Bad Management’: The Health and Welfare of Prisoners in Nineteenth-Century New South Wales." Health and History 22, no. 1 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5401/healthhist.22.1.0047.

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23

Redelman, Margaret Juliet. "Sexual difficulties for persons with multiple sclerosis in New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Rehabilitation Research 32, no. 4 (December 2009): 337–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/mrr.0b013e3283298166.

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HARDY, LOUISE L., ANTHONY D. OKELY, TIMOTHY A. DOBBINS, and MICHAEL L. BOOTH. "Physical Activity among Adolescents in New South Wales (Australia)." Medicine & Science in Sports & Exercise 40, no. 5 (May 2008): 835–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1249/mss.0b013e318163f286.

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McKay, Carolyn. "Video Links from Prison: Permeability and the Carceral World." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i1.283.

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As audio visual communication technologies are installed in prisons, these spaces of incarceration are networked with courtrooms and other non-contiguous spaces, potentially facilitating a process of permeability. Jurisdictions around the world are embracing video conferencing and the technology is becoming a major interface for prisoners’ interactions with courts and legal advisers. In this paper, I draw on fieldwork interviews with prisoners from two correction centres in New South Wales, Australia, to understand their subjective and sensorial experiences of using video links as a portal to the outside world. These interviews raised many issues including audio permeability: a soundtrack of incarceration sometimes infiltrates into the prison video studio and then the remote courtroom, framing the prisoner in the context of their detention, intruding on legal process, and affecting prisoners’ comprehension and participation.

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Butler, Tony, Eva Malacova, Juliet Richters, Lorraine Yap, Luke Grant, Alun Richards, Anthony M. A. Smith, and Basil Donovan. "Sexual behaviour and sexual health of Australian prisoners." Sexual Health 10, no. 1 (2013): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh12104.

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Objective To describe prisoners’ sexual experiences and sexual practices while in the community, sexual identities, and sexual health (e.g. self-reported exposure to sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and female reproductive outcomes) using data from the Sexual Health and Attitudes of Australian Prisoners (SHAAP) survey. Methods: This study used a computer-assisted telephone interview to screen randomly selected prisoners using a questionnaire based on the Australian Study of Health and Relationships survey. Results: 2351 men and women prisoners from New South Wales and Queensland took part in the survey. Most men identified as heterosexual (95.7%) and reported sexual attraction (91.0%) and sexual experiences (86.6%) only with the opposite sex, but 28.5% of women prisoners identified as bisexual. Sexual attraction correlated with sexual experience (men: r = 0.63; women: r = 0.84) more than with sexual identity (men: r = 0.53; women: r = 0.54). Male prisoners reported more lifetime opposite-sex partners than women prisoners (median 24 v. 10). Women prisoners were more likely than men to report a prior STI (35.1% v. 20.0%). Conclusions: Prisoners are a high-risk group with regard to sexual health. There is a need for a better understanding of the sexual health of this population group so that education campaigns and interventions specific to this population group can be developed.

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Hartcher, Colleen M. "Workers' compensation in New South Wales Australia: the OTS role." Work 9, no. 3 (1997): 233–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/wor-1997-9305.

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Ehrlich, Frederick. "Planning for young adults with brain damage in New South Wales." Australia and New Zealand Journal of Developmental Disabilities 19, no. 4 (January 1994): 293–306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/07263869400035351.

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Woellner, R. H. "Attitudes of New South Wales Businessmen toward Drugs, Drug Abusers, and Rehabilitation Programmes." Journal of Drug Issues 16, no. 2 (April 1986): 275–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002204268601600213.

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A survey of 1,000 private and governmental employers was undertaken. Respondents' perceptions of substance abuse, their knowledge about various drugs, their willingness to employ ex-addicts and alcoholics, and their beliefs as to what type of treatment programme they would be prepared to support were analyzed.

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Anderson, Gretchen, Elizabeth Ellis, Vicki Williams, and Carolyn Gates. "Profile of the physiotherapy profession in New South Wales (1975–2002)." Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 51, no. 2 (2005): 109–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0004-9514(05)70039-8.

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Levy, Michael H., Tony G. Butler, and Jialun Zhou. "Prevalence of Mantoux positivity and annual risk of infection for tuberculosis in New South Wales prisoners, 1996 and 2001." New South Wales Public Health Bulletin 18, no. 8 (2007): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/nb07051.

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Wakelin-King, Gresley. "Using geomorphology to assess contour furrowing in western New South Wales, Australia." Rangeland Journal 33, no. 2 (2011): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj10080.

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This study examines landscape rehabilitation treatments installed 20–40 years ago in the Western Catchment of NSW. Treatment outcomes were assessed using geomorphic criteria, because geomorphic processes are fundamental to ecological permanence. Contour furrowing creates artificial runoff-runon sets which intercept runoff (resistance to flow by windrows microrelief and surface roughness) and promote infiltration (artificial permeability by ripping). As originally conceived, after windrows subside, flow resistance would be afforded by surface roughness under belts of vegetation. This study shows that rehabilitation treatments have a more complex relationship with the landscape than this would suggest, and that the final effect of the treatment depends on the geomorphic processes natural to the site. Treatment design should therefore be site-specific. The relevant aspects of treatment design are site location, runoff : runon ratio (expressed as furrow spacing and furrow length), furrow placement, and post-treatment management. Some long-term successes are documented. In ironstone ridge country affected by impermeable hard-setting soils, furrowing creates artificial permeability, allowing plant germination; plant material in the soil reverses hard-setting and establishes self-sustaining permeability. In stony gilgai country furrowing through vegetated patches can aid in re-establishing vegetation, but furrowing through stony runoff patches only diminishes, rather than improves, landscape function. Other landscape types will have different key attributes. In all cases, selection of appropriate sites for rehabilitation treatment is of primary importance. The 1990s NSW Soil Conservation Service best-practice included a specialised furrower, surveying techniques for accurate furrow placement along the contour, staggered gaps along each furrow line to reduce risks of gullying by windrow breakthrough, and post-treatment management of total grazing pressure. New guidelines for treatment design developed from this study include determining for each site the optimum runoff:runon ratio (which varies according to climate, gradient, vegetation, and regolith), and matching furrow spacing and furrow/gap length to local runoff:runon ratios. In stony gilgai country, furrow placement should be along the contour but within non-stony patches; elsewhere, placement should be rigorously along the contour. In ironstone ridge country, a greater runoff:runon ratio, commensurate with the area’s apparently larger patch scale, can be achieved by having more gap than furrow along each furrow line. No single rehabilitation technique will fit all landscape types, and these guidelines will ideally be developed further with investigation of other landscapes.

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Biggs, Herbert C., and Donald P. Dingsdag. "The Challenging Environments of Injury Management in Construction and Coalmining in New South Wales." Australian Journal of Rehabilitation Counselling 9, no. 1 (January 2003): 40–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1323892200000491.

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Workers' compensation and disability management in the hazardous occupations of mining and construction are ongoing concerns for employers, employees, insurers and governments. Rising insurance costs, options of self-insurance models, highly competitive tendering, legislative rigidities, and escalating costs of compensation, have contributed to industry practices for injured workers that are driven by cost containment strategies rather than benchmarked disability management processes. In this article a critical review of legislation, industry practices, and published reports is undertaken with a view to oudining the adequacy of current and planned services and practices to meet the needs of injured workers in both sectors. Attention is also given to industrial practices that contra-indicate quality disability management processes. The authors detail a number of industrial and organisational operating environments, which have arisen from legislative frameworks, financial constraints, and outdated disability management practices. They comment on the more recendy introduced legislation and offer comment on its potential to drive benchmark changes in the building and coalmining sectors. Finally, suggestions are provided for more contemporary approaches to the insurance framework and return to work facilitation for injured workers.

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Erskine, Wayne D. "Geomorphic evaluation of past river rehabilitation works on the Williams River, New South Wales." Ecological Management and Restoration 2, no. 2 (August 2001): 116–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-8903.2001.00075.x.

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Watanabe, Yuriko, and Alexis Berry. "Review of general practitioners perception of a rural New South Wales outreach rehabilitation service." Australian Journal of Rural Health 24, no. 5 (May 19, 2015): 344–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ajr.12201.

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Lansbury, Gwenda, and Gerard Sullivan. "Physiotherapists and drug administration: A survey of practices in New South Wales." Australian Journal of Physiotherapy 44, no. 4 (1998): 231–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0004-9514(14)60382-2.

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Marchetti, Elena, and Debbie Bargallie. "Life as an Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Male Prisoner: Poems of Grief, Trauma, Hope, and Resistance." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 35, no. 3 (December 2020): 499–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2020.25.

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AbstractFor Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, writing is predominantly about articulating their cultural belonging and identity. Published creative writing, which is a relatively new art form among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoners, has not been used as an outlet to the same extent as other forms of art. This is, however, changing as more Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander rappers and story-writers emerge, and as creative writing is used as a way to express Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander empowerment and resistance against discriminatory and oppressive government policies. This article explores the use of poetry and stories written by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male prisoners in a correctional facility located in southern New South Wales, Australia, to understand how justice is perceived by people who are (and have been) surrounded by hardships, discrimination, racism, and grief over the loss of their culture, families, and freedom.

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Martire, Kristy, Sandra Sunjic, Libby Topp, and Devon Indig. "Financial sanctions and the justice system: Fine debts among New South Wales prisoners with a history of problematic substance use." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 44, no. 2 (August 2011): 258–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865811405258.

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Sager, Lorraine, and Carole James. "Injured workers' perspectives of their rehabilitation process under the New South Wales Workers Compensation System." Australian Occupational Therapy Journal 52, no. 2 (June 2005): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-1630.2005.00477.x.

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Spink, Alexandra, Mick Hillman, Kirstie Fryirs, Gary Brierley, and Kate Lloyd. "Has river rehabilitation begun? Social perspectives from the Upper Hunter catchment, New South Wales, Australia." Geoforum 41, no. 3 (May 2010): 399–409. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.geoforum.2009.12.003.

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Bauman, A. "POPULATION SURVEYS TO MONITOR PHYSICAL ACTIVITY IN NEW SOUTH WALES, AUSTRALIA 309." Medicine &amp Science in Sports &amp Exercise 28, Supplement (May 1996): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00005768-199605001-00309.

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Reid, Janice C., and Timothy Strong. "Rehabilitation of refugee victims of torture and trauma: principles and service provision in New South Wales." Medical Journal of Australia 148, no. 7 (April 1988): 340–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.1988.tb133735.x.

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Gallagher, R., C. Ferry, D. Candelaria, L. Ladak, and R. Zecchin. "Creating National Benchmarks for Cardiac Rehabilitation Quality – New South Wales, Australian Capital Territory and Tasmania Snapshot." Heart, Lung and Circulation 28 (2019): S361. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.hlc.2019.06.530.

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Chojenta, Catherine, Julie Byles, and Balakrishnan Kichu Nair. "Rehabilitation and convalescent hospital stay in New South Wales: an analysis of 3,979 women aged 75+." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 42, no. 2 (November 22, 2017): 195–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1753-6405.12731.

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Field, Courtney, and Vicki Archer. "Comparing health status, disability, and access to care in older and younger inmates in the New South Wales corrections system." International Journal of Prisoner Health 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-04-2018-0017.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the rates of chronic illness, disability and access to care between older and younger inmates who took part in a large epidemiological study in New South Wales, Australia. Design/methodology/approach Data are presented from a cross-sectional study based on a sample of inmates from correctional sites in NSW. The inclusion of results here was guided by the literature with regard to their relevance to older people, and older inmates in particular. Findings Results indicate that a higher proportion of older inmates suffer a range of chronic illnesses, with prevalence often many times higher than that of younger inmates. Older inmates are more likely to be classified as disabled and have a disability which impacts their mobility. Older inmates also reported accessing medical services in prison more recently than younger inmates and were more likely to have seen both nurses and general practitioners. Practical implications Older inmates appear to be considerably more resource intensive than younger inmates. The increasing proportion of inmates who are classified as older thus poses a pressing challenge to those working in the carceral space and, in particular, those responsible for providing healthcare to incarcerated people. Originality/value The impact of aging prisoners on resource demand has yet to be effectively measured. This study provides an important first step towards that goal.

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Kenny, Dianna T. "Patterns of Referral to Accredited Rehabilitation Providers and Outcomes of Service." Journal of Applied Rehabilitation Counseling 26, no. 4 (December 1, 1995): 46–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0047-2220.26.4.46.

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Using data supplied by the WorkCover Authority of New South Wales, Australia which were contained in claims data bases for workers' compensation claimants within the health, manufacturing and retail industries who had made claims between 1.7.91 and 31.12.92, and in case closure records for workers within this study population who had been referred to accredited rehabilitation providers, this study examined referral patterns to accredited rehabilitation providers in the Newcastle/Hunter regions of New South Wales, and outcomes of service. The results indicated that there were referral biases in the types of workers' compensation clients referred to rehabilitation providers and a further bias in the patterns of referral to individual providers. It was argued that this two tier referral bias may impact upon outcomes of rehabilitation provider service and studies which examine the efficacy of rehabilitation in reducing time lost and in return to work outcomes will need to take account of these factors.

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Briggs, S. V., J. A. Seddon, and S. J. Doyle. "Structures of bird communities in woodland remnants in central New South Wales, Australia." Australian Journal of Zoology 55, no. 1 (2007): 29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/zo06064.

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The overall aim of this study was to investigate structures of bird communities in remnants of fragmented box/cypress pine woodlands in central New South Wales, Australia, to guide habitat rehabilitation. The aims of the study were to: (1) determine how bird densities and species richness varied with remnant category; (2) determine how ranked densities of bird species varied by feeding group with remnant category; and (3) provide information on structures of bird communities in box/cypress pine woodlands to guide restoration. Structures of bird communities varied with remnant category. Large remnants had the most species whereas medium-sized and small remnants in low condition had the fewest. Bird densities increased with decreasing remnant area although densities did not differ significantly between remnant categories. Ranked bird densities varied between remnant categories, with relatively even distributions in large remnants in high condition, and uneven distributions in small remnants in low condition. Densities of small insectivores were much lower in small, low-condition remnants than in large, high-condition remnants. Densities of generalists such as noisy miner and galah showed the reverse pattern. The structures of bird communities in large remnants in good condition provide a reference state for assessing recovery of bird communities.

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Vanny, K. A., M. H. Levy, D. M. Greenberg, and S. C. Hayes. "Mental illness and intellectual disability in Magistrates Courts in New South Wales, Australia." Journal of Intellectual Disability Research 53, no. 3 (March 2009): 289–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2788.2008.01148.x.

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Streeton, N. A., R. S. B. Greene, K. Marchiori, D. J. Tongway, and M. D. Carnegie. "Rehabilitation of an incised ephemeral stream in central New South Wales, Australia: identification of incision causes, rehabilitation techniques and channel response." Rangeland Journal 35, no. 1 (2013): 71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj12046.

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The degradation of semiarid agricultural rangelands in Australia can be traced back to the 19th century when Europeans expanded into these areas. That environmental degradation remains today and continues to harm agricultural productivity. The rehabilitation of a strongly incised ephemeral stream, ‘Spring Creek’, in central New South Wales, as an example of what can be achieved readily by landowners, is described. The causes of environmental degradation and the main environmental factors leading to the stream erosion were identified, rehabilitation began and the behaviour of the regime for 5 years within Spring Creek and the adjacent floodplain was monitored. It was found that intrinsically unstable sub-soils and sparse ground cover due to persistent grazing by domestic livestock were the major factors leading to incision. Several physical and chemical properties were found to be the primary causes of the soil’s instability. Rehabilitation focussed on stabilising the soils alongside the stream, promoting sedimentation and re-vegetation of the stream bed, with a longer-term objective of increasing the transfer of water, sediments and nutrients between the stream and its adjacent floodplain. The measures, implemented by local landowners, included the provision of in-stream porous rock weirs and the lowering of the grazing pressure on the stream bed and adjacent floodplain. Monitoring in 2007, 2009 and 2011 indicated that sedimentation was substantially faster above weirs than where there were no weirs. The rehabilitative measures resulted in the retention of fine sediment (<0.2 mm) along the stream bed behind weirs.

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Capon, Adam, Lien McGowan, and Julia Bowman. "Prisoners’ experience and perceptions of health care in Australian prisons: a qualitative study." International Journal of Prisoner Health 16, no. 3 (May 25, 2020): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-11-2019-0062.

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Purpose Patient-centred care is a key approach used in Australia for the delivery of quality health care, and understanding experiences and perceptions is a key part to this. This paper aims to explore prisoners’ experiences and perceptions of health-care service provision in New South Wales, Australia. Design/methodology/approach In February and March 2017, 24 focus groups, consisting of 128 participants, were undertaken using semi-structured interviews that explored experiences of health care in prison. Findings A conceptualisation of the prisoners’ health-care experience around the core category of access to health care emerged from the data. Enablers or barriers to this access were driven by three categories: a prison construct – how the prisoners “see” the prison system influencing access to health care; a health-care system construct – how the prisoners “see” the prison health-care system and the pathways to navigate it; and personal factors. Communication was the category with the greatest number of relational connections. Research limitations/implications This study takes a pragmatic approach to the analysis of data, the findings forming the basis for a future quantitative study. The findings identify communication as a key issue for access to health care. Originality/value This study provides first-hand accounts of enablers and barriers to accessing health-care services in the prison environment. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind to identify access to health care as a core category and is of value to health workers and researchers that work with the prison population.

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