Journal articles: 'Prisoners – New South Wales – Death'

1

O'Driscoll, Colmán, Anthony Samuels, and Mark Zacka. "Suicide in New South Wales Prisons, 1995–2005: Towards a Better Understanding." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 6 (June 2007): 519–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670701341863.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: This paper reports on a review of suicides in New South Wales (NSW) prisons from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2005 in an attempt to gain a better understanding of the nature and quality of the problem of suicide among prisoners. Method: All deaths in NSW prisons for the period were reviewed. Those identified as self-inflicted, with a coronial finding of death by suicide or those awaiting a coronial hearing but reported as possible death by suicide were included. A data set was collected on each case and entered into a database. Results: A total of 92 cases were identified as deaths by suicide in NSW prisons from 1 January 1995 to 31 December 2005, representing 41% of all deaths in custody for the period. Conclusion: The rate of suicide in NSW prisons has been declining over the past 10 years, but remains approximately 10-fold that of the NSW community. Suicide was the leading cause of death among NSW inmates from 1995 to 2005. Suicide is a rare event, making its prediction a difficult task, with the prison environment a further compounding factor. This review highlights a number of factors, which appear to be common in many cases. Increased monitoring during the first week of incarceration may be an effective intervention. It is recommended that consideration be given to the length of time spent on remand and the value of custodial sentences of ≤6 months.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

2

Heilpern, David. "Sexual Assault of New South Wales Prisoners." Current Issues in Criminal Justice 6, no. 3 (March 1995): 327–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10345329.1995.12036663.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

3

Butler, Tony, Stephen Allnutt, David Cain, Dale Owens, and Christine Muller. "Mental Disorder in the New South Wales Prisoner Population." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 5 (May 2005): 407–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01589.x.

Full text

Abstract:

Objectives: To determine the prevalence of mental illness among prisoners in New South Wales (NSW), Australia. Method: Mental illness was examined in two NSW prisoner populations: (i) new receptions to the correctional system; and (ii) sentenced prisoners. Reception prisoners were screened at four male centres and one female centre in NSW. The sentenced population was randomly selected from 28 correctional centres across the state. Reception prisoners were screened consecutively whenever possible while the sentenced group was randomly selected as part of the 2001 Inmate Health Survey. We adopted the same instrument, Composite International Diagnostic Interview – Auto (CIDI-A), for diagnosing mental illness as used in the Australian National Survey of Mental Health and Wellbeing. Results: Overall, 43% of those screened had at least one of the following diagnoses: psychosis, anxiety disorder, or affective disorder. Reception prisoners suffered from mental illness to a greater extent than sentenced prisoners (46% vs. 38%). Women had higher levels of psychiatric morbidity than men (61% vs. 39%). Nine percent (9%) of all prisoners had experienced psychotic symptoms (due to any cause) in the prior 12 months. Twenty percent (20%) of all prisoners had suffered from at least one type of mood disorder and 36% had experienced an anxiety disorder. Posttraumatic stress disorder was the most common disorder, diagnosed in 26% of receptions and 21% of sentenced prisoners. Conclusions: These findings confirm that prisoners are a highly mentally disordered group compared with the general community. Given the high prevalence of mental illness identified by this study, it is essential that prison mental health services be adequately resourced to address the demand and, at minimum, ensure that mental health does not deteriorate during incarceration.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

4

Henry, Nancy. "GEORGE ELIOT AND THE COLONIES." Victorian Literature and Culture 29, no. 2 (September 2001): 413–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1060150301002091.

Full text

Abstract:

Women are occasionally governors of prisons for women, overseers of the poor, and parish clerks. A woman may be ranger of a park; a woman can take part in the government of a great empire by buying East India Stock.— Barbara Bodichon, A Brief Summary in Plain Language, of the Most Important Laws Concerning Women (1854)ON OCTOBER 5, 1860, GEORGE HENRY LEWES VISITED a solicitor in London to consult about investments. He wrote in his journal: “[The Solicitor] took me to a stockbroker, who undertook to purchase 95 shares in the Great Indian Peninsular Railway for Polly. For £1825 she gets £1900 worth of stock guaranteed 5%” (qtd. in Ashton, Lewes 210). Thus Marian Evans, called Polly by her close friends, known in society as Mrs. Lewes and to her reading public as George Eliot, became a shareholder in British India. Whether or not Eliot thought of buying stock as taking part in the government of a great empire, as her friend Barbara Bodichon had written in 1854, the 5% return on her investment was a welcome supplement to the income she had been earning from her fiction since 1857. From 1860 until her death in 1880, she was one of a select but growing number of middle-class investors who took advantage of high-yield colonial stocks.1 Lewes’s journals for 1860–1878 and Eliot’s diaries for 1879–80 list dividends from stocks in Australia, South Africa, India, and Canada. These include: New South Wales, Victoria, Cape of Good Hope, Cape Town Rail, Colonial Bank, Oriental Bank, Scottish Australian, Great Indian Peninsula, Madras. The Indian and colonial stocks make up just less than half of the total holdings. Other stocks connected to colonial trade (East and West India Docks, London Docks), domestic stocks (the Consols, Regents Canal), and foreign investments (Buenos Aires, Pittsburgh and Ft. Wayne) complete the portfolio.2

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

5

Butler, T., B. Donovan, J. Taylor, A. L. Cunningham, A. Mindel, M. Levy, and J. Kaldor. "Herpes simplex virus type 2 in prisoners, New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of STD & AIDS 11, no. 11 (November 1, 2000): 743–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/0956462001915174.

Full text

Abstract:

Our objectives were to determine the prevalence of, and risk factors for, herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) antibodies in male and female prisoners. A cross-sectional random sample was used consisting of 789 prisoners (657 males and 132 females) from 27 correctional centres across New South Wales (NSW), stratified by sex, age and Aboriginality. Participants were questioned about demographics and behavioural risk factors and were screened for serum antibody to HSV-2. The overall prevalence of HSV-2 antibodies was higher in females (58%) than males (21%), and in Aborigines (34%) compared with non-Aborigines (24%). HSV-2 prevalence increased with the number of sexual partners. Few prisoners (1%) reported a previous diagnosis of genital herpes. Independent risk factors for the presence of HSV-2 antibodies were increasing age and Aboriginality for men, and higher reported number of lifetime sexual partners and the presence of hepatitis C antibodies for women. HSV-2 infection is common in prison inmates. There is a need to incorporate information about STDs, including HSV-2, into education programmes for inmates.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

6

Kariminia, Azar, Matthew G. Law, Tony G. Butler, Michael H. Levy, Simon P. Corben, John M. Kaldor, and Luke Grant. "Suicide risk among recently released prisoners in New South Wales, Australia." Medical Journal of Australia 187, no. 7 (October 2007): 387–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2007.tb01307.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

7

Butler, T., A. Kariminia, M. Levy, and M. Murphy. "The self-reported health status of prisoners in New South Wales." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Public Health 28, no. 4 (August 2004): 344–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-842x.2004.tb00442.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

8

Gorta, Angela, and Tony Sillavant. "Escapes from new south wales gaols: placing the risk in perspective." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 24, no. 3 (December 1991): 204–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589102400303.

Full text

Abstract:

This article seeks to place the risk posed by escapees in perspective by presenting information on escapees from NSW gaols, based on a detailed record study of the 812 prisoners who escaped during the 6 year period, July 1983 to June 1989. Escapes from NSW gaols are a relatively rare occurrence. The majority of escapes (68.4%) occurred from within minimum security institutions. A further 12.3% of escapes refer to prisoners who fall to return on time from an unescorted temporary absence from the gaol, such as day/weekend leave, attendance at technical college or university, etc. Escapees tended to be younger, more likely to be serving sentences for property offences, more likely to be held in minimum security, more likely to have lower security classifications and less likely to be held on remand than prisoners in general. There is no particular point in their sentence when escapees are more likely to escape. While there are variations in patterns of escape or characteristics of escapees from year to year, there are no clear trends over time. The characteristics of escapees determined in this study suggest that reasons exist for escaping other than the presentation of the opportunity. More than one-quarter (28.6%) of the escapees were recaptured on either the day they escaped or the following day. Half (50%) of the escapees were recaptured within 8 days of their escape. The majority of escapees (74.2%) were not convicted of committing any offences whilst at large. Of those who were convicted, offences committed whilst at large are most commonly property offences (74.9%) such as break, enter and steal or larceny of a motor vehicle

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

9

Nielssen, Olav, and Shavtay Misrachi. "Prevalence of Psychoses on Reception to Male Prisons in New South Wales." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 39, no. 6 (June 2005): 453–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/j.1440-1614.2005.01603.x.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: To estimate the prevalence of psychotic illnesses among men received to prisons in New South Wales. The study also sought to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of the psychosis screener in the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-Auto). Method: The study was part of a larger study on psychiatric disorder in men received to New South Wales prisons. Using a structured questionnaire, the CIDI-Auto (modified), which included screening questions for psychotic illness, the prisoners who gave positive responses to the screening questions for psychosis as well as any subjects considered by the experienced clinicians performing the CIDI-Auto interviews to show features of a psychotic illness, were referred to the researchers for a clinical assessment. The clinical assessment included a review of all available information. Results: Of the prisoners, 5.1% were thought to have definite psychotic illness and 1.9% to have possible psychotic illness. The psychosis screener was found to be neither sensitive nor specific. Conclusions: The rate of psychotic illness among people remanded to New South Wales prisons is between 10 and 14 times the rate found in a similar study in the wider community. The poor performance of the psychosis screener suggests that screening for psychotic illness on reception to prisons should be performed by clinically trained staff.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

10

Cregar, Jan, Susan Kippax, and June Crawford. "Sex, Contagion, Control: Prison Officers vs Condoms in New South Wales Gaols." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 29, no. 3 (December 1996): 227–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/000486589602900302.

Full text

Abstract:

Since the beginning of the HIV/AIDS epidemic, public health experts have identified prison populations as a target for preventive strategies in order to minimise transmission of HIV among the general community. Public opinion favours supplying condoms to prisoners, but this was successfully resisted by prison officers in New South Wales for eight years. This paper examines expert and community opinions, HIV/AIDS and prison policies, public and correctional discourse, and statements made by prison officers' union representatives. It offers an account of the prison officers' success in blocking condom distribution, based on three major discursive themes emerging from the analysis.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

11

Rea, Malcolm D., Craig B. Dalton, Peter W. Ebeling, and John K. Ferguson. "Pertussis death in the Hunter region of New South Wales." Medical Journal of Australia 175, no. 3 (August 2001): 172–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/j.1326-5377.2001.tb143076.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

12

Ross, Joanne, Courtney Field, Sharlene Kaye, and Julia Bowman. "Prevalence and correlates of low self-reported physical health status among prisoners in New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Prisoner Health 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 192–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-06-2018-0039.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the prevalence and predictors of low self-reported physical health status among NSW prison inmates. Design/methodology/approach Cross-sectional random sample of 1,098 adult male and female prisoners, interviewed as part of the 2015 Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network Patient Health Survey. Findings Almost a quarter of participants had “low self-reported physical health status”. Independent predictors of “low health status” were having been in out of home care before the age of 16 years, being illiterate, smoking 20 or more cigarettes a day, not eating more than one serve of fruit a day, not being physically active in the 12 months before incarceration, higher body mass index score and low self-reported mental health status. Many of these predictors are modifiable risk factors for chronic disease, which could be targeted during incarceration. Originality/value This paper demonstrates the utility of a using a single item measure of self-reported physical health status among Australian prisoners, and helps to characterise those prisoners in greatest need of intervention for issues relating to their health.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

13

Riddell, Steven, Olav Nielssen, Tony Butler, Macdonald Christie, and Graham Starmer. "The Relationship Between Amphetamine Use, Crime and Psychiatric Disorder Among Prisoners in New South Wales." Psychiatry, Psychology and Law 13, no. 2 (November 2006): 160–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/pplt.13.2.160.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

14

Alexander, C. "From Dreamtime to Nightmare: The voices of 168 Aboriginal (ex-)prisoners in New South Wales." Australian and New Zealand Journal of Sociology 23, no. 3 (December 1987): 323–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/144078338702300301.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

15

Warden, J. C., and B. F. Horan. "Deaths Attributed to Anaesthesia in New South Wales, 1984–1990." Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 24, no. 1 (February 1996): 66–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0310057x9602400112.

Full text

Abstract:

The New South Wales Special Committee Investigating Deaths Under Anaesthesia classified 1503 deaths before full recovery from anaesthesia occurring between 1984 and 1990. 172 deaths were attributed to anaesthesia, including 11 in which the anaesthetic choice or management could not be criticized. In the remaining 161 an average of 1.8 errors per case were identified, the most frequent being inadequate preparation of the patient (in 72 cases), inadequate postoperative care (52 cases), the technique of anaesthesia chosen (44 cases) and overdose (43 cases). Death was most commonly attributed to anaesthesia in elderly patients (modal age group 70–79), in males (1.9:1) and was most commonly associated with abdominal and orthopaedic operations. Urgent non-emergency cases, 10% of the 1503 cases classified, constituted 26% of those deaths attributed to anaesthesia. One death attributable to anaesthesia occurred per 20,000 operations and the rate of such deaths was 0.44 per 100,000 population per annum.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

16

McCarthy, Weston, and Hampton. "Governing Prisoners’ Health: The Development of the Prison Medical Service in New South Wales, 1840–1900." Health and History 22, no. 1 (2020): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5401/healthhist.22.1.0008.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

17

Butler, Tony, Stephen Allnutt, Azar Kariminia, and David Cain. "Mental Health Status of Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Australian Prisoners." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 41, no. 5 (May 2007): 429–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00048670701261210.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: To compare the mental health of Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal prisoners in New South Wales. Methods: The sample consisted of a cross-sectional random sample of sentenced prisoners, and a consecutive sample of reception prisoners. The sample was drawn from 29 correctional centres (27 male, two female) across New South Wales. Overall, 1208 men (226 Aboriginal), and 262 women (51 Aboriginal) participated in the study. Mental illness was detected using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview (CIDI-A) and a number of other screening measures incorporated into the programme. Results: No differences were detected in mental illness between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal men, apart from depression, which was lower in the latter group. Aboriginal woman were more likely than non-Aboriginal women to screen positive for symptoms of psychosis in the prior 12 months and have a higher 1 month and 12 month prevalence of affective disorder; they also had higher psychological distress scores. Suicidal thoughts and attempts were the same in both groups. Conclusions: These findings confirm that the demand for mental health services in prisons is considerable, and that Aboriginal women are one of the most vulnerable groups. Services and programmes providing an alternative to incarceration are needed, as are culturally sensitive approaches to treatment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

18

Flynn, Michael. "A Diminutive Enigma: New perspectives on Arthur Phillip, first Governor of New South Wales." Sydney Journal 5, no. 1 (September 1, 2017): 3–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.5130/sj.v5i1.5724.

Full text

Abstract:

A sardonic and private man, Arthur Phillip has always been an enigma. His private papers were mostly dispersed and lost, his origins were covered in obscurity and misinformation and few personal descriptions have survived. This essay examines the available information to consider Phillip's personal life and rumours about his death.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

19

Whyte, Tom, Bianca Albanese, Jane Elkington, Lynne Bilston, and Julie Brown. "Restraint Factors and Child Passenger Deaths in New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 1147. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17041147.

Full text

Abstract:

Inappropriate or incorrect use of child restraints can influence crash injury outcome. This study examined the role of restraint factors in child passenger deaths and the effect of legislation requiring appropriate restraint systems up to 7 years old. Data for child (0–12 years) passenger deaths occurring in New South Wales (NSW) from 2007 to 2016 were collected by the child death review team including photographs, reports of in-depth crash investigation, witness reports and medical reports. Restraint use, type of restraint, appropriateness of the restraint for the age of the child and correctness of restraint use were examined. The primary contributor to death was determined in each case. Sixty-four child passengers died in NSW during the data period. Twenty-nine (29/64, 45%) were properly restrained. Thirteen children (13/64, 20%) were unrestrained. In 20 cases (20/64, 31%), children were using a restraint that was either inappropriate for their age (6) or not used correctly (14). Restraint factors were a primary contributor in 22 (22/64, 34%) child deaths. Compared to pre-legislation, appropriate restraint use was more common post-legislation (13/22. 59% vs. 30/42, 71%). However, incorrect use was also greater (3/22, 14% vs. 11/42, 26%). Interventions targeting increasing restraint use and reduction of common ‘use’ errors are needed to prevent further restraint factor-related deaths.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

20

Cooke, Simon. "Death, body and soul: The cremation debate in New South Wales, 1863–1925." Australian Historical Studies 24, no. 97 (October 1991): 323–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10314619108595852.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

21

Graham. "‘Made Ill by Bad Management’: The Health and Welfare of Prisoners in Nineteenth-Century New South Wales." Health and History 22, no. 1 (2020): 47. http://dx.doi.org/10.5401/healthhist.22.1.0047.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

22

McCabe, Lindsay, and Allen George. "Improving Indigenous family engagement with the coronial system in New South Wales." Alternative Law Journal 46, no. 3 (July 11, 2021): 212–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1037969x211029962.

Full text

Abstract:

This article explores the barriers experienced by Indigenous Australians that prevent adequate engagement with the coronial system in New South Wales. The findings presented here are the result of a qualitative study involving key legal professionals and advocates in the coronial jurisdiction. A number of significant shortcomings are identified, including inadequate funding, a lack of information and appropriate communication, and significant delays between time of death and conclusion of the inquest.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

23

Tannous, W., and Kingsley Agho. "Factors Associated with Home Fire Escape Plans in New South Wales: Multinomial Analysis of High-Risk Individuals and New South Wales Population." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, no. 11 (October 25, 2018): 2353. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15112353.

Full text

Abstract:

The preparation and practice of home-escape plans are important strategies for individuals and families seeking to reduce and/or prevent fire-related injury or death. The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence of and factors associated with, home-escape plans in the state of New South Wales (NSW), Australia. The study used data from two surveys—a 2016 fire safety attitudes and behaviour survey administered to high-risk individuals (n = 296) and a 2013 NSW health survey covering 13,027 adults aged 16 years and above. It applied multinomial logistic regression analyses to these data to identify factors associated with having a written home-fire escape plan, having an unwritten home-fire escape plan and not having any home-fire escape plan. The prevalence of written home-escape plans was only 4.3% (95% CI: 2.5, 7.5) for the high-risk individuals and 7.9% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 7.3, 8.6) for the entire NSW population. The prevalence of unwritten escape plans was 44.6% (95% CI: 38.8, 50.5) for the high-risk individuals and 26.2% (95% CI: 25.1, 27.2) for the NSW population. The prevalence of no-escape plan at all was 51.1% (95% CI: 45.2, 56.9) for the high-risk individuals and 65.9% (95% CI: 64.8, 67.1) for the NSW population. After adjusting for other covariates, the following factors were found to be significantly associated with unwritten-escape plan and no-escape plan prevalence: speaking only the English language at home, practicing home-fire escape plans infrequently, being married, being female and testing smoke alarms less often. Future fire interventions should target people who speak only English at home and people who test their smoke alarms infrequently. These interventions should be accompanied by research aimed at reversing the trend toward use of more flammable materials in homes.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

24

McKay, Carolyn. "Video Links from Prison: Permeability and the Carceral World." International Journal for Crime, Justice and Social Democracy 5, no. 1 (March 1, 2016): 21–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.5204/ijcjsd.v5i1.283.

Full text

Abstract:

As audio visual communication technologies are installed in prisons, these spaces of incarceration are networked with courtrooms and other non-contiguous spaces, potentially facilitating a process of permeability. Jurisdictions around the world are embracing video conferencing and the technology is becoming a major interface for prisoners’ interactions with courts and legal advisers. In this paper, I draw on fieldwork interviews with prisoners from two correction centres in New South Wales, Australia, to understand their subjective and sensorial experiences of using video links as a portal to the outside world. These interviews raised many issues including audio permeability: a soundtrack of incarceration sometimes infiltrates into the prison video studio and then the remote courtroom, framing the prisoner in the context of their detention, intruding on legal process, and affecting prisoners’ comprehension and participation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

25

Butler, Tony, Eva Malacova, Juliet Richters, Lorraine Yap, Luke Grant, Alun Richards, Anthony M. A. Smith, and Basil Donovan. "Sexual behaviour and sexual health of Australian prisoners." Sexual Health 10, no. 1 (2013): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/sh12104.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective To describe prisoners’ sexual experiences and sexual practices while in the community, sexual identities, and sexual health (e.g. self-reported exposure to sexually transmissible infections (STIs) and female reproductive outcomes) using data from the Sexual Health and Attitudes of Australian Prisoners (SHAAP) survey. Methods: This study used a computer-assisted telephone interview to screen randomly selected prisoners using a questionnaire based on the Australian Study of Health and Relationships survey. Results: 2351 men and women prisoners from New South Wales and Queensland took part in the survey. Most men identified as heterosexual (95.7%) and reported sexual attraction (91.0%) and sexual experiences (86.6%) only with the opposite sex, but 28.5% of women prisoners identified as bisexual. Sexual attraction correlated with sexual experience (men: r = 0.63; women: r = 0.84) more than with sexual identity (men: r = 0.53; women: r = 0.54). Male prisoners reported more lifetime opposite-sex partners than women prisoners (median 24 v. 10). Women prisoners were more likely than men to report a prior STI (35.1% v. 20.0%). Conclusions: Prisoners are a high-risk group with regard to sexual health. There is a need for a better understanding of the sexual health of this population group so that education campaigns and interventions specific to this population group can be developed.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

26

Jackson, R. V. "Bentham's Penal Theory in Action: the Case Against New South Wales." Utilitas 1, no. 2 (October 1989): 226–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0953820800000248.

Full text

Abstract:

Bentham was an influential thinker with an ‘essentially practical mind’. His influence on British social and political reform, however, was indirect, coming largely after his death and largely through the work of his disciples. Bentham's own attempts to put his ideas directly into practice generally had little effect. He came closest to success in the area of penal policy, winning a contract from Pitt's government in the early 1790s to build and manage a penitentiary that was to be organized on the panopticon principle. Bentham saw the penitentiary as the spearhead of prison reform and as a means of effecting a change from transportation to imprisonment as a punishment for serious crime. While Bentham's use of the panopticon principle itself has attracted most attention in the literature, there was more to his scheme than this. The penitentiary proposals were worked out in great detail, they were a conscious application of his theory of punishment, and they were consistent with and an element of his all-embracing plan of social, political, and constitutional reform.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

27

Butterworth, Lee. "Investigating death in Moreton Bay: Coronial inquests and magisterial inquiries." Queensland Review 26, no. 01 (June 2019): 53–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/qre.2019.2.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractEnglish common law was applied in the New South Wales penal colony when it was founded by Governor Arthur Phillip in 1788. Phillip’s second commission granted him sole authority to appoint coroners and justices of the peace within the colony. The first paid city coroner was appointed in 1810 and only five coroners served the expanding territory of New South Wales by 1821. To relieve the burden on coroners, justices of the peace were authorised to conduct magisterial inquiries as an alternative to inquests. When the Moreton Bay settlement was established, and land was opened up to free settlers, justices were relocated from New South Wales to the far northern colony. Nonetheless, the administration of justice, along with the function of the coroner, was hindered by issues of isolation, geography and poor administration by a government far removed from the evolving settlement. This article is about death investigation and the role of the coroner in Moreton Bay. By examining a number of case studies, it looks at the constraints faced by coroners, deaths due to interracial violence and deaths not investigated. It concludes that not all violent and unexplained deaths were investigated in accordance with coronial law due to a paucity of legally qualified magistrates, the physical limitations of local conditions and the denial of justice to Aborigines as subjects of the Crown.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

28

Levy, Michael H., Tony G. Butler, and Jialun Zhou. "Prevalence of Mantoux positivity and annual risk of infection for tuberculosis in New South Wales prisoners, 1996 and 2001." New South Wales Public Health Bulletin 18, no. 8 (2007): 119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/nb07051.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

29

McIntosh, J. H., K. Byth, and D. W. Piper. "Causes of Death amongst a Population of Gastric Ulcer Patients in New South Wales, Australia." Scandinavian Journal of Gastroenterology 26, no. 8 (January 1991): 806–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00365529109037016.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

30

Darke, Shane, and Johan Duflou. "Toxicology and Circumstances of Death of Homicide Victims in New South Wales, Australia 1996–2005." Journal of Forensic Sciences 53, no. 2 (March 2008): 447–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-4029.2008.00679.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

31

Marchetti, Elena, and Debbie Bargallie. "Life as an Australian Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Male Prisoner: Poems of Grief, Trauma, Hope, and Resistance." Canadian Journal of Law and Society / Revue Canadienne Droit et Société 35, no. 3 (December 2020): 499–519. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/cls.2020.25.

Full text

Abstract:

AbstractFor Australia’s Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people, writing is predominantly about articulating their cultural belonging and identity. Published creative writing, which is a relatively new art form among Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoners, has not been used as an outlet to the same extent as other forms of art. This is, however, changing as more Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander rappers and story-writers emerge, and as creative writing is used as a way to express Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander empowerment and resistance against discriminatory and oppressive government policies. This article explores the use of poetry and stories written by Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander male prisoners in a correctional facility located in southern New South Wales, Australia, to understand how justice is perceived by people who are (and have been) surrounded by hardships, discrimination, racism, and grief over the loss of their culture, families, and freedom.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

32

Martire, Kristy, Sandra Sunjic, Libby Topp, and Devon Indig. "Financial sanctions and the justice system: Fine debts among New South Wales prisoners with a history of problematic substance use." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 44, no. 2 (August 2011): 258–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865811405258.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

33

Campbell, MH, AM Bowman, WD Bellotti, DJ Munich, and HI Nicol. "Recruitment of Curly Mitchell Grass (Astrebla Lappacea) in North-Western New South Wales." Rangeland Journal 18, no. 1 (1996): 179. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj9960179.

Full text

Abstract:

The recruitment of Astrebla lappacea was studied from 1986 to 1995 in a pasture in north-western NSW where the density of plants had declined from 1 to 3 plants/m2 in 1970 to 0.023 plants/m2 in 1986. Three treatments were imposed: ungrazed-sprayed-slashed, where annual weeds were treated with herbicides and slashing to reduce competition during recruitment; ungrazed-only; and grazed-only. The seed bank of A. lappacea was measured on four occasions and densities of A. lappacea plants determined after major rainfall events mainly in summer and autumn. On the ungrazed treatments the seed bank of A. lappacea increased from 0 in 1988 to 908, 898 and 286 germinable seed/m2 in, respectively, 1992, 1993 and 1995. Flowering and seedling recruitment occurred each year from 1988 to 1995 but seedlings only survived to become mature plants from the 1988 and 1992 recruitments. The major reason for the death of seedlings was dry conditions in the latter half of the year (1 10 to 135 mm of raid6 months). Frosts and competition from Brassicaceae weeds (mainly Raphistrum rugosum) in winter and spring also contributed to death of seedlings. Recruitment of seedlings and their survival to mature plants was higher on the ungrazed-sprayed-slashed treatment than on the other treatments. Recruitment and survival on the ungrazed-only treatment occurred because Brassicaceae weeds did not establish when recruiting rains fell in summer. Plant densit increased from 0.023 plants/m2 in 1986 to, respectively, 0.86, 0.64 Y and 0.004 mature plantdm and 7.88, 6.37, 0.10 seedlings/m2 on the ungrazed-sprayed-slashed, ungrazed-only and grazed-only treatments in 1995. On the grazed-only treatment the methods used to detect seeds revealed none in the soil during the experiment. However, some seeds were present because there was a low level of recruitment none of which survived to mature plants. The number of mature plants declined from 0.023 to 0.004/m2 indicating that under the present grazing system the complete elimination of A. lappacea from pastures in north-western NSW is possible if some form of managed recruitment is not devised.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

34

Bruce, S. E., J. A. Kirkegaard, J. E. Pratley, and G. N. Howe. "Impacts of retained wheat stubble on canola in southern New South Wales." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 45, no. 4 (2005): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea04133.

Full text

Abstract:

Field experiments were conducted in southern New South Wales to determine the effect of surface-retained wheat stubble on the emergence, growth and yield of canola. The 5 experiments included treatments to investigate the impact of stubble load, stubble cultivar and level of decomposition as well as the impact of different environments on the crop response. Overall, 5 t/ha of surface-retained wheat stubble reduced the rate of emergence, plant establishment (mean reduction 33%), vegetative biomass (–56%) and yield (–23%), although the impact varied with site and season. Laboratory experiments assessing the phytoxicity of stubble revealed the possible role of allelopathy in the growth response at 1 site; however, there was no correlation between laboratory phytotoxicity of different stubble cultivars and their impact on canola growth at any other site. Wheat stubble comprising thinner stems (lower straw linear density) had a greater impact on emergence at 2 of the sites, indicating a possible role of reduced light penetration in the growth response. Colder temperatures on the surface of the stubble also reduced emergence and growth, and caused seedling death at the coldest sites. The experiments confirm the widely observed phenomenon of poor canola growth in surface-retained wheat stubble, and suggest several possible mechanisms for the effect, although further studies are required to determine their relative importance in different environments.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

35

Shariati, Farnoosh, Hairth Baldawi, and Tamunoinemi Bob-Manuel. "Editorial: Premature death from heart failure among Aboriginal peoples in the Hunter New England region of new South Wales." International Journal of Cardiology 337 (August 2021): 88–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ijcard.2021.05.026.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

36

HOMAN, SHANE. "AFTER THE LAW Sydney's Phoenician Club, the New South Wales Premier and the death of Anna Wood." Perfect Beat 4, no. 1 (October 5, 2015): 56–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/prbt.v4i1.28730.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

37

Ross, LT LAM FI, and DT Cass. "Children at play: The death and injury pattern in New South Wales, Australia, July 1990 - June 1994." Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health 35, no. 6 (December 1999): 572–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1440-1754.1999.00433.x.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

38

Field, Courtney, and Vicki Archer. "Comparing health status, disability, and access to care in older and younger inmates in the New South Wales corrections system." International Journal of Prisoner Health 15, no. 2 (June 10, 2019): 153–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-04-2018-0017.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to compare the rates of chronic illness, disability and access to care between older and younger inmates who took part in a large epidemiological study in New South Wales, Australia. Design/methodology/approach Data are presented from a cross-sectional study based on a sample of inmates from correctional sites in NSW. The inclusion of results here was guided by the literature with regard to their relevance to older people, and older inmates in particular. Findings Results indicate that a higher proportion of older inmates suffer a range of chronic illnesses, with prevalence often many times higher than that of younger inmates. Older inmates are more likely to be classified as disabled and have a disability which impacts their mobility. Older inmates also reported accessing medical services in prison more recently than younger inmates and were more likely to have seen both nurses and general practitioners. Practical implications Older inmates appear to be considerably more resource intensive than younger inmates. The increasing proportion of inmates who are classified as older thus poses a pressing challenge to those working in the carceral space and, in particular, those responsible for providing healthcare to incarcerated people. Originality/value The impact of aging prisoners on resource demand has yet to be effectively measured. This study provides an important first step towards that goal.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

39

Van der Stelt, Jorieke M., Deborah J. Verran, Ronald A. DeRoo, Hazel Christine, and Michael Crawford. "Initial outcomes of using allografts from donation after cardiac death donors for liver transplantation in New South Wales." Medical Journal of Australia 199, no. 2 (July 2013): 104–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5694/mja12.11465.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

40

Assareh, Hassan, Joanne M. Stubbs, Lieu T. T. Trinh, Poorani Muruganantham, and Helen M. Achat. "Variation in out‐of‐hospital death among palliative care inpatients across public hospitals in New South Wales, Australia." Internal Medicine Journal 49, no. 4 (April 2019): 467–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/imj.14045.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

41

Cameron, Matt. "Distribution and cone production in Allocasuarina diminuta and A. gymnanthera (Casuarinaceae) in central New South Wales." Rangeland Journal 28, no. 2 (2006): 153. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rj05034.

Full text

Abstract:

Allocasuarina diminuta (L. Johnson) and A. gymnanthera (L. Johnson) are critical food resources of the threatened glossy black-cockatoo (Calyptorhynchus lathami) in central New South Wales. The distribution and cone production in these species was investigated as part of a broader study on the foraging ecology of the glossy black-cockatoo. Both Allocasuarina species were closely associated with vegetation communities occurring on the ridges and upper slopes. Cone production appeared to be linked to rainfall, with fewer cones produced in dry years. Rainfall during autumn–spring appeared to be especially important. Drought conditions resulted in the failure of plants to produce seed and caused the death of significant numbers of plants. Any decrease in moisture balance or increase in drought frequency/length due to global warming is likely to have negative consequences for Allocasuarina and glossy black-cockatoo populations.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

42

McKenzie, Kwame, Kamaldeep Bhui, Kiran Nanchahal, and Bob Blizard. "Suicide rates in people of South Asian origin in England and Wales: 1993–2003." British Journal of Psychiatry 193, no. 5 (November 2008): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/bjp.bp.107.042598.

Full text

Abstract:

BackgroundLow rates of suicide in older men and high rates in young women have been reported in the South Asian diaspora worldwide. Calculating such suicide rates in the UK is difficult because ethnicity is not recorded on death certificates.AimsTo calculate the South Asian origin population suicide rates and to assess changes over time using new technology.MethodSuicide rates in England and Wales were calculated using the South Asian Name and Group Recognition Algorithm (SANGRA) computer software.ResultsThe age-standardised suicide rate for men of South Asian origin was lower than other men in England and Wales, and the rate for women of South Asian origin was marginally raised. In aggregated data for 1999–2003 the age-specific suicide rate in young women of South Asian origin was lower than that for women in England and Wales. The suicide rate in those over 65 years was double that of England and Wales.ConclusionsOlder, rather than younger, women of South Asian origin seem to be an at-risk group. Further research should investigate the reasons for these changes and whether these patterns are true for all South Asian origin groups.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

43

Milthorpe, PL, and RL Dunstone. "The potential of jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis) in New South Wales. 2. Some factors affecting yield." Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture 29, no. 3 (1989): 389. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/ea9890389.

Full text

Abstract:

A jojoba (Simmondsia chinensis [Link] Schneider) stand at Condobolin. N.S.W.. established from a range of plant material, exhibited great variability in a number of plant characteristics including seed yield. Observations over 4 years indicated that a high bud to node ratio is necessary for high yield. Different lines varied from 44 to 74% in this ratio in the fourth year of study. The survival of buds to form open flowers varied greatly between lines and from year to year. Death of flower buds before opening was attributable to frost damage. Buds swelled as early as June in some lines while others showed no sign of swelling until September. In those lines with early swelling or flower opening a high proportion of the buds were frost damaged, whereas late flowering lines had a high rate of survival. Terminal flower buds formed just prior to winter dormancy survived and flowered in the next spring, even in otherwise early flowering lines. Earlier work has shown that jojoba flower buds remain dormant until a chilling requirement has been met. Jojoba lines should have a long chilling requirement to maintain dormancy in the buds until the danger of frosts is past. Almost all of the flowers that opened set fruit, indicating that pollination is not a problem in the New South Wales environment.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

44

Brieger, David B., Austin C. C. Ng, Vincent Chow, Mario D'Souza, Karice Hyun, Paul G. Bannon, and Leonard Kritharides. "Falling hospital and postdischarge mortality following CABG in New South Wales from 2000 to 2013." Open Heart 6, no. 1 (March 2019): e000959. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/openhrt-2018-000959.

Full text

Abstract:

ObjectivesTo describe changes in mortality among patients undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) in New South Wales (NSW) Australia from 2000 to 2013.MethodsPatients undergoing CABG were identified from the NSW Admission Patient Data Collection (APDC) registry, linked to the NSW state-wide death registry database. Changes in all-cause mortality over time were observed following stratification of the study cohort into two year groups.ResultsWe identified 54 767 patients undergoing CABG during the study period. The risk profile of patients increased over time with significant increases in age, comorbidities and concomitant valve surgery (all p < 0.0001). During a median follow-up period of 6 years, a total 12 161 (22.2%) of patients had died. Survival curves and adjusted analyses showed a steady fall in mortality rate: those operated on during 2012–2013 had 40 % lower mortality than those operated on during 2000–2001 (HR 0.61; 95% CI 0.53 to 0.69). This was contributed to both by a fall in mortality both in hospital (HR 0.48, 95% CI 0.37 to 0.62) and postdischarge (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.61 to 0.86).ConclusionsWe report a consistent reduction in medium-term mortality among a large unselected cohort of NSW patients undergoing CABG between 2000 and 2013. This fall is attributable both to an improvement in outcomes in hospital and in the postdischarge period.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

45

Capon, Adam, Lien McGowan, and Julia Bowman. "Prisoners’ experience and perceptions of health care in Australian prisons: a qualitative study." International Journal of Prisoner Health 16, no. 3 (May 25, 2020): 249–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijph-11-2019-0062.

Full text

Abstract:

Purpose Patient-centred care is a key approach used in Australia for the delivery of quality health care, and understanding experiences and perceptions is a key part to this. This paper aims to explore prisoners’ experiences and perceptions of health-care service provision in New South Wales, Australia. Design/methodology/approach In February and March 2017, 24 focus groups, consisting of 128 participants, were undertaken using semi-structured interviews that explored experiences of health care in prison. Findings A conceptualisation of the prisoners’ health-care experience around the core category of access to health care emerged from the data. Enablers or barriers to this access were driven by three categories: a prison construct – how the prisoners “see” the prison system influencing access to health care; a health-care system construct – how the prisoners “see” the prison health-care system and the pathways to navigate it; and personal factors. Communication was the category with the greatest number of relational connections. Research limitations/implications This study takes a pragmatic approach to the analysis of data, the findings forming the basis for a future quantitative study. The findings identify communication as a key issue for access to health care. Originality/value This study provides first-hand accounts of enablers and barriers to accessing health-care services in the prison environment. To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this study is the first of its kind to identify access to health care as a core category and is of value to health workers and researchers that work with the prison population.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

46

Gordon, Adrienne, Monica Lahra, Camille Raynes-Greenow, and Heather Jeffery. "Histological Chorioamnionitis Is Increased at Extremes of Gestation in Stillbirth: A Population-Based Study." Infectious Diseases in Obstetrics and Gynecology 2011 (2011): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2011/456728.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective. To determine the incidence of histological chorioamnionitis and a fetal response in stillbirths in New South Wales (NSW), and to examine any relationship of fetal response to spontaneous onset of labour and to unexplained antepartum death.Study Design. Population-based cohort study.Setting. New South Wales Australia.Population. All births between 2002 and 2004 with stillbirths reviewed and classified by the state perinatal mortality review committee.Methods. Record linkage of the Midwives Data Collection and the Perinatal Death Database including placental histopathology and standardised cause of death classification.Results. 952 stillbirths were included. The incidence of histopathological chorioamnionitis was 22.6%, with a bimodal distribution. A fetal inflammatory response was present in 10.1% and significantly correlated with spontaneous onset of labour. The absence of a fetal inflammatory response was strongly associated with unexplained antepartum death.Conclusions. The increased incidence of histological chorioamnionitis at extremes of gestation is confirmed in the largest dataset to date using population data. This has important implications for late gestation stillbirth as the percentage of unexplained stillbirths increases near term.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

47

Yu, Xue Q., Dianne L. O'Connell, Robert W. Gibberd, Alan S. Coates, and Bruce K. Armstrong. "Trends in survival and excess risk of death after diagnosis of cancerin 1980–1996 in New South Wales, Australia." International Journal of Cancer 119, no. 4 (2006): 894–900. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/ijc.21909.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

48

Yu, Xue Qin, Paramita Dasgupta, Clare Kahn, Kou Kou, Susanna Cramb, and Peter Baade. "Crude probability of death for cancer patients by spread of disease in New South Wales, Australia 1985 to 2014." Cancer Medicine 10, no. 11 (May 6, 2021): 3524–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cam4.3844.

Full text

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

49

Hanley, Natalia, and Elena Marchetti. "Dreaming Inside: An evaluation of a creative writing program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander men in prison." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Criminology 53, no. 2 (February 26, 2020): 285–302. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0004865820905894.

Full text

Abstract:

Arts-based prison programs are often viewed as hobbies or as activities that have little impact on prisoner rehabilitation according to conventional understandings of the term. This is despite growing evidence that arts-based programs can assist with learning retention and can improve self-confidence and ways of coping with emotions. Generally, arts practices have been found to assist Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander people who have grown up or live in urban areas with asserting and strengthening their cultural identity, but we know little about the effects of arts-based prison programs on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoner wellbeing. This article focuses on a creative writing program for Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander prisoners at Junee Correctional Centre, New South Wales. The program, Dreaming Inside, has produced seven volumes of poetry and stories. This article combines and reports findings from two evaluations of the program, one using program feedback forms and the other using semi-structured interviews with prisoners who participated in the program. The themes that emerged from both evaluations affirm the program’s efficacy in improving prisoner self-esteem, confidence and wellbeing, and in reigniting and strengthening cultural engagement.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

50

Dudley, Michael, Norman Kelk, Tony Florio, Brent Waters, John Howard, and Darryl Taylor. "Coroners' Records of Rural and Non-Rural Cases of Youth Suicide in New South Wales." Australian & New Zealand Journal of Psychiatry 32, no. 2 (April 1998): 242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.3109/00048679809062735.

Full text

Abstract:

Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the frequency of certain putative risk factors for youth suicide in New South Wales (especially use of alcohol, social class, unemployment, and internal migration) in metropolitan and rural settings. Method: A review of 137 files for 10–19-year-old subjects judged by the Coroner to have committed suicide in 1988–1990 was carried out. Results: One hundred and fifteen males and 21 females were identified (one subject's sex was unavailable). The male-female ratio was higher in rural (13.0) areas than non-rural (4.9; χ2 = 12.14, p<0.01). Of 27 subjects migrating within Australia, most migrated in a rural direction, and most to rural shires. Unemployment was somewhat more common among rural (38.5%) than non-rural (28.9%) subjects (χ2 = 0.75, p = 0.39). Eleven of 50 non-rural parents of the deceased, but none of the 11 rural parents, were ranked as being in social classes 2 or 3. Alcohol consumption appeared more common in rural shires (44%) than metropolitan areas (32.9%), but this was not statistically significant. Medical services were less utilised prior to death in rural (15%) than non-rural (25%) areas (χ2 = 1.69, p = 0.19), and a psychiatric diagnosis was recorded more commonly in non-rural areas. Conclusions: Incomplete coronial file data and relatively small numbers limit this study's conclusions. Male suicides, principally by firearms, predominated in rural areas. Youth firearm access remains highly relevant to rural communities. Possible trends among rural subjects toward rural migration, higher unemployment, lower social class and lower medical attendance may point to resource deprivation among this group; these matters require further investigation.

APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO, and other styles

Journal articles on the topic 'Prisoners – New South Wales – Death'

Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles