Journal articles: 'Printing strategies'

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Mejtoft, Thomas. "Strategies for Successful Digital Printing." Journal of Media Business Studies 3, no. 1 (March 2006): 53–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/16522354.2006.11073469.

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Cendrero, Adrián Martínez, Gabriele Maria Fortunato, Juan Manuel Munoz-Guijosa, Carmelo De Maria, and Andrés Díaz Lantada. "Benefits of Non-Planar Printing Strategies Towards Eco-Efficient 3D Printing." Sustainability 13, no. 4 (February 3, 2021): 1599. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13041599.

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The present work focuses on studying and demonstrating the potential benefits of non-planar printing, as compared to conventional 3D printing, in terms of improved eco-impacts. To this end, a case study of a medical or ergonomic device, which may benefit from non-planar printing in different ways, is completely developed and manufactured employing alternative approaches, which are quantified, as regards production costs and environmental impacts. Three 3D printing processes are used: two of them relying on non-planar printing, one using conventional 2D printing trajectories. Relevant benefits are achieved thanks to the possibility, enabled by non-planar 3D printing, of manufacturing products upon reusable rapid tools. These support tools constitute an interesting alternative to the support meshes generally employed in additive manufacturing, which are normally a relevant source of waste and involve costly post-processes.

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Kloft, Harald, Martin Empelmann, Norman Hack, Eric Herrmann, and Dirk Lowke. "Reinforcement strategies for 3D‐concrete‐printing." Civil Engineering Design 2, no. 4 (August 2020): 131–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cend.202000022.

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Petcu, Eugen B., Rajiv Midha, Erin McColl, Aurel Popa-Wagner, Traian V. Chirila, and Paul D. Dalton. "3D printing strategies for peripheral nerve regeneration." Biofabrication 10, no. 3 (March 23, 2018): 032001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1758-5090/aaaf50.

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Heinrichsdobler, Armin, Julia Christina Roigk, Frank Schirmeier, Christoph Josef Brabec, and Thomas Wehlus. "Pinhole-Free Inkjet Printing Strategies for Organic Electronics." Advanced Materials Technologies 2, no. 12 (October 9, 2017): 1700166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/admt.201700166.

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Ahmed, Waleed, Fady Alnajjar, Essam Zaneldin, Ali H. Al-Marzouqi, Munkhjargal Gochoo, and Sumayya Khalid. "Implementing FDM 3D Printing Strategies Using Natural Fibers to Produce Biomass Composite." Materials 13, no. 18 (September 13, 2020): 4065. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13184065.

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Current environmental concerns have led to a search of more environmentally friendly manufacturing methods; thus, natural fibers have gained attention in the 3D printing industry to be used as bio-filters along with thermoplastics. The utilization of natural fibers is very convenient as they are easily available, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and biodegradable. Using natural fibers rather than synthetic fibers in the production of the 3D printing filaments will reduce gas emissions associated with the production of the synthetic fibers that would add to the current pollution problem. As a matter of fact, natural fibers have a reinforcing effect on plastics. This review analyzes how the properties of the different polymers vary when natural fibers processed to produce filaments for 3D Printing are added. The results of using natural fibers for 3D Printing are presented in this study and appeared to be satisfactory, while a few studies have reported some issues.

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Gao, Meng, Lihong Li, and Yanlin Song. "Inkjet printing wearable electronic devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 5, no. 12 (2017): 2971–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7tc00038c.

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Kratochvíl, Jiří, Marek Sadílek, Václav Musil, Marek Pagáč, and Dana Stančeková. "THE EFFECTIVENESS OF STRATEGIES PRINTING PRINTER EASY 3D MAKER." Advances in Science and Technology Research Journal 12, no. 2 (June 1, 2018): 197–205. http://dx.doi.org/10.12913/22998624/91890.

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Shen, Shi, Mingxue Chen, Weimin Guo, Haojiang Li, Xu Li, Suqiong Huang, Xujiang Luo, et al. "Three Dimensional Printing-Based Strategies for Functional Cartilage Regeneration." Tissue Engineering Part B: Reviews 25, no. 3 (June 2019): 187–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1089/ten.teb.2018.0248.

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Wisser, F. M., B. Schumm, G. Mondin, J. Grothe, and S. Kaskel. "Precursor strategies for metallic nano- and micropatterns using soft lithography." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 12 (2015): 2717–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4tc02418d.

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Zhao, Jingzhou, and Nongyue He. "A mini-review of embedded 3D printing: supporting media and strategies." Journal of Materials Chemistry B 8, no. 46 (2020): 10474–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0tb01819h.

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Gao, Ge, Minjun Ahn, Won-Woo Cho, Byoung-Soo Kim, and Dong-Woo Cho. "3D Printing of Pharmaceutical Application: Drug Screening and Drug Delivery." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 9 (August 31, 2021): 1373. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13091373.

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Advances in three-dimensional (3D) printing techniques and the development of tailored biomaterials have facilitated the precise fabrication of biological components and complex 3D geometrics over the past few decades. Moreover, the notable growth of 3D printing has facilitated pharmaceutical applications, enabling the development of customized drug screening and drug delivery systems for individual patients, breaking away from conventional approaches that primarily rely on transgenic animal experiments and mass production. This review provides an extensive overview of 3D printing research applied to drug screening and drug delivery systems that represent pharmaceutical applications. We classify several elements required by each application for advanced pharmaceutical techniques and briefly describe state-of-the-art 3D printing technology consisting of cells, bioinks, and printing strategies that satisfy requirements. Furthermore, we discuss the limitations of traditional approaches by providing concrete examples of drug screening (organoid, organ-on-a-chip, and tissue/organ equivalent) and drug delivery systems (oral/vaginal/rectal and transdermal/surgical drug delivery), followed by the introduction of recent pharmaceutical investigations using 3D printing-based strategies to overcome these challenges.

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Valot, Laurine, Jean Martinez, Ahmad Mehdi, and Gilles Subra. "Chemical insights into bioinks for 3D printing." Chemical Society Reviews 48, no. 15 (2019): 4049–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7cs00718c.

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Lin, Jui-Teng, Jacques Lalevee, and Da-Chun Cheng. "A Critical Review for Synergic Kinetics and Strategies for Enhanced Photopolymerizations for 3D-Printing and Additive Manufacturing." Polymers 13, no. 14 (July 15, 2021): 2325. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13142325.

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The synergic features and enhancing strategies for various photopolymerization systems are reviewed by kinetic schemes and the associated measurements. The important topics include (i) photo crosslinking of corneas for the treatment of corneal diseases using UVA-light (365 nm) light and riboflavin as the photosensitizer; (ii) synergic effects by a dual-function enhancer in a three-initiator system; (iii) synergic effects by a three-initiator C/B/A system, with electron-transfer and oxygen-mediated energy-transfer pathways; (iv) copper-complex (G1) photoredox catalyst in G1/Iod/NVK systems for free radical (FRP) and cationic photopolymerization (CP); (v) radical-mediated thiol-ene (TE) photopolymerizations; (vi) superbase photogenerator based-catalyzed thiol−acrylate Michael (TM) addition reaction; and the combined system of TE and TM using dual wavelength; (vii) dual-wavelength (UV and blue) controlled photopolymerization confinement (PC); (viii) dual-wavelength (UV and red) selectively controlled 3D printing; and (ix) three-wavelength selectively controlled in 3D printing and additive manufacturing (AM). With minimum mathematics, we present (for the first time) the synergic features and enhancing strategies for various systems of multi-components, initiators, monomers, and under one-, two-, and three-wavelength light. Therefore, this review provides not only the bridging between modeling and measurements, but also guidance for further experimental studies and new applications in 3D printings and additive manufacturing (AM), based on the innovative concepts (kinetics/schemes).

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Carnelos, Laura. "Popular Print under the Press." Quaerendo 51, no. 1-2 (May 7, 2021): 8–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/15700690-12341481.

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Abstract Mistakes, printing defects, reused woodcuts and low-quality paper are often the result of strategies enabled by printers and publishers to offer printed material at a low price while balancing profit/loss in their daily activities. It was precisely due to these strategies that a wider class of population could read, sing, learn and enjoy life in early modern Europe. This essay illustrates the preliminary results of a comparative analysis aimed at investigating the production phase of cheap books and prints all over Europe. With a focus on editorial strategies, printing practices and materials commonly adopted and used in these publications, it demonstrates that European publishers and printers followed very similar patterns while producing cheap products.

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Heo, Seungkyoung, Jeongdae Ha, Sook Jin Son, In Sun Choi, Hyeokjun Lee, Saehyuck Oh, Janghwan Jekal, et al. "Instant, multiscale dry transfer printing by atomic diffusion control at heterogeneous interfaces." Science Advances 7, no. 28 (July 2021): eabh0040. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abh0040.

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Transfer printing is a technique that integrates heterogeneous materials by readily retrieving functional elements from a grown substrate and subsequently printing them onto a specific target site. These strategies are broadly exploited to construct heterogeneously integrated electronic devices. A typical wet transfer printing method exhibits limitations related to unwanted displacement and shape distortion of the device due to uncontrollable fluid movement and slow chemical diffusion. In this study, a dry transfer printing technique that allows reliable and instant release of devices by exploiting the thermal expansion mismatch between adjacent materials is demonstrated, and computational studies are conducted to investigate the fundamental mechanisms of the dry transfer printing process. Extensive exemplary demonstrations of multiscale, sequential wet-dry, circuit-level, and biological topography-based transfer printing demonstrate the potential of this technique for many other emerging applications in modern electronics that have not been achieved through conventional wet transfer printing over the past few decades.

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Yu, Claire, Jacob Schimelman, Pengrui Wang, Kathleen L. Miller, Xuanyi Ma, Shangting You, Jiaao Guan, Bingjie Sun, Wei Zhu, and Shaochen Chen. "Photopolymerizable Biomaterials and Light-Based 3D Printing Strategies for Biomedical Applications." Chemical Reviews 120, no. 19 (April 23, 2020): 10695–743. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.9b00810.

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Jang, Hayeong, Seungtaek Oh, Seolhee Baek, Giheon Choi, Hyewon Cho, Heemang Yoo, Yoonseuk Choi, and Hwa Sung Lee. "Design Strategies in the Pen-Printing Technique toward Elaborated Organic Electronics." Journal of Physical Chemistry C 123, no. 9 (February 14, 2019): 5255–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcc.8b12091.

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Li, Jinhua, Chengtie Wu, Paul K. Chu, and Michael Gelinsky. "3D printing of hydrogels: Rational design strategies and emerging biomedical applications." Materials Science and Engineering: R: Reports 140 (April 2020): 100543. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mser.2020.100543.

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Müller, Ulrike, Peter Lanzerstorfer, Andreas Arnold, Eva Sevcsik, Gerald Kreindl, Otmar Höglinger, Gerhard Schütz, and Julian Weghuber. "Novel Strategies for Micro-Contact Printing Based Protein-Protein Interaction Detection." Biophysical Journal 108, no. 2 (January 2015): 480a—481a. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.bpj.2014.11.2626.

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Vorndran, E., M. Klarner, U. Klammert, L. M. Grover, S. Patel, J. E. Barralet, and U. Gbureck. "3D Powder Printing of β-Tricalcium Phosphate Ceramics Using Different Strategies." Advanced Engineering Materials 10, no. 12 (December 2008): B67—B71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adem.200800179.

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Zhu, Cheng, Andrew J. Pascall, Nikola Dudukovic, Marcus A. Worsley, Joshua D. Kuntz, Eric B. Duoss, and Christopher M. Spadaccini. "Colloidal Materials for 3D Printing." Annual Review of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering 10, no. 1 (June 7, 2019): 17–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-chembioeng-060718-030133.

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In recent years, 3D printing has led to a disruptive manufacturing revolution that allows complex architected materials and structures to be created by directly joining sequential layers into designed 3D components. However, customized feedstocks for specific 3D printing techniques and applications are limited or nonexistent, which greatly impedes the production of desired structural or functional materials. Colloids, with their stable biphasic nature, have tremendous potential to satisfy the requirements of various 3D printing methods owing to their tunable electrical, optical, mechanical, and rheological properties. This enables materials delivery and assembly across the multiple length scales required for multifunctionality. Here, a state-of-the-art review on advanced colloidal processing strategies for 3D printing of organic, ceramic, metallic, and carbonaceous materials is provided. It is believed that the concomitant innovations in colloid design and 3D printing will provide numerous possibilities for the fabrication of new constructs unobtainable using traditional methods, which will significantly broaden their applications.

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Jiang, Wei, Haiying Mei, and Shuyan Zhao. "Applications of 3D Bio-Printing in Tissue Engineering and Biomedicine." Journal of Biomedical Nanotechnology 17, no. 6 (June 1, 2021): 989–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/jbn.2021.3078.

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In recent years, 3D bio-printing technology has developed rapidly and become an advanced bio-manufacturing technology. At present, 3D bio-printing technology has been explored in the fields of tissue engineering, drug testing and screening, regenerative medicine and clinical disease research and has achieved many research results. Among them, the application of 3D bio-printing technology in tissue engineering has been widely concerned by researchers, and it contributing many breakthroughs in the preparation of tissue engineering scaffolds. In the future, it is possible to print fully functional tissues or organs by using 3D bio-printing technology which exhibiting great potential development prospects in th applications of organ transplantation and human body implants. It is expected to solve thebiomedical problems of organ shortage and repair of damaged tissues and organs. Besides,3Dbio-printing technology will benefit human beings in more fields. Therefore, this paper reviews the current applications, research progresses and limitations of 3D bio-printing technology in biomedical and life sciences, and discusses the main printing strategies of 3D bio-printing technology. And, the research emphases, possible development trends and suggestions of the application of 3D bio-printing are summarized to provide references for the application research of 3D bio-printing.

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Nguyen, Huy Bich, Tuyen Vo, Tan Ken Nguyen, and Duc Lien Hoang. "A Research of Design Controller of 3D Printer DLP Technology." Applied Mechanics and Materials 902 (September 2020): 71–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.902.71.

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Nowadays, 3D printing technology is the national theme in Vietnam. Most countries have national strategies in research and development and widely apply 3D design and printing to all industries, organizations and people. 3D printing technology has been applied in many industries such as automotive, aviation, health, construction, electronics ... Almost all Digital Light Processing (DLP) 3D printing machine on domestic market are imported from Chinese, Korean manufacturers ... with medium quality but high cost. The paper presents a study of application of selected design methods and tools of engineering design process to design DLP 3D printer driver with lower cost but equivalent quality with the other machine in series on the market that are imported from China.

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Mau, Robert, Gerrit Paasche, Thomas Lenarz, and Hermann Seitz. "Inkjet printing for localized coating and functionalization of medical devices." Current Directions in Biomedical Engineering 4, no. 1 (September 1, 2018): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/cdbme-2018-0057.

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AbstractInkjet printing has become essential for pharmaceutical research as well as biomedical applications. It is a promising tool to meet future challenges in patientindividual designed pharmaceuticals and implants. In this context, the main areas of use are high-throughput screening (HTS), drug-loaded microparticles, drug formulation and oral dose development, 3D-printing/bioprinting as well as coating of implants. This study deals with the latter. In view of promising applications for localized coating and functionalization of implant surfaces this work shows preliminary results on inkjet printing of the polymer poly(2- ethyl-2-oxazoline) (PetOx), a protein repellent polymer (PRP). To deposit single droplets with small volumes (~500 pl) of aqueous PetOx solution (50 g/l), printing parameters were determined for the piezo-driven drop-ondemand inkjet printhead NanoTip J, operating in a Nanoplotter 2.1 (both from GeSiM mbH, Germany). Different printing strategies are demonstrated by varying droplet spacing and drying time while printing on hydrophilic glass substrate. Printing and stacking of almost uniform polymer lines (width ~ 200 μm) is demonstrated.

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Wang, Jin, Jiangyang Xiang, Hao Lin, Kui Wang, Song Yao, Yong Peng, and Yanni Rao. "Effects of Scanning Strategy and Printing Temperature on the Compressive Behaviors of 3D Printed Polyamide-Based Composites." Polymers 12, no. 8 (August 10, 2020): 1783. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym12081783.

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In this work, the effects of scanning strategies and printing temperature on mechanical properties and crush behaviors of columns manufactured using the fused deposition modeling (FDM) technique were studied. The results showed that scanning strategy and printing temperature had significant influences on mechanical response and deformation mode of the columns. The columns printed in different scanning strategies showed significant anisotropy due to the preferred orientation of short fibers during the printing process. The columns printed in a circular direction presented the highest compressive force response. The columns printed with carbon fiber-reinforced polyamide in a circular direction showed the final oblique fracture failure mode, in which there were fiber pull-out and matrix pull-apart on fracture surfaces. Different indicators were also used to evaluate the mechanical properties and crushing characteristics of the columns. The carbon fiber reinforcement columns presented the highest energy absorption, and the glass fiber reinforcement columns showed the highest elastic modulus and yield strength. The results indicated that the scanning strategy and printing temperature not only influenced the elastic modulus and yield strength, but also affected the energy absorption performances of the columns.

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Pei, Eujin. "4D printing – revolution or fad?" Assembly Automation 34, no. 2 (April 1, 2014): 123–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/aa-02-2014-014.

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Purpose – This feature article aims to review state-of-the-art developments in additive manufacture, in particular, 4D printing. It discusses what it is, what research has been carried out and maps potential applications and its future impact. Design/methodology/approach – The article first defines additive manufacturing technologies and goes on to describe the state-of-the-art. Following which the paper examines several case studies and maps a trend that shows an emergence of 4D printing. Findings – The case studies highlight a particular specialization within additive manufacture where the use of adaptive, biomimetic composites can be programmed to reshape, or have embedded properties or functionality that transform themselves when subjected to external stimuli. Originality/value – This paper discusses the state-of-the-art of additive manufacture, discussing strategies that can be used to reduce the print process (such as through kinematics); and the use of smart materials where parts adapt themselves in response to the surrounding environment supporting the notion of self-assemblies.

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Magliulo, M., M. Y. Mulla, M. Singh, E. Macchia, A. Tiwari, L. Torsi, and K. Manoli. "Printable and flexible electronics: from TFTs to bioelectronic devices." Journal of Materials Chemistry C 3, no. 48 (2015): 12347–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c5tc02737c.

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Huang, Chien-Yi. "Applying the Taguchi parametric design to optimize the solder paste printing process and the quality loss function to define the specifications." Soldering & Surface Mount Technology 30, no. 4 (September 3, 2018): 217–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ssmt-03-2017-0010.

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Purpose This research aims to study the stencil printing process of the quad flat package (QFP) component with a pin pitch of 0.4 mm. After the optimization of the printing process, the desired inspection specification is determined to reduce the expected total process loss. Design/methodology/approach Static Taguchi parametric design is applied while considering the noise factors possibly affecting the printing quality in the production environment. The Taguchi quality loss function model is then proposed to evaluate the two types of inspection strategies. Findings The optimal parameter-level treatment for the solder paste printing process includes a squeegee pressure of 11 kg, a stencil snap-off of 0.14 mm, a cleaning frequency of the stencil once per printing and using an air gun after stencil wiping. The optimal upper and lower specification limits are 119.8 µm and 110.3 µm, respectively. Originality/value Noise factors in the production environment are considered to determine the optimal printing process. For specific components, the specification is established as a basis for subsequent processes or reworks.

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Masri, Syafira, and Mh Busra Fauzi. "Current Insight of Printability Quality Improvement Strategies in Natural-Based Bioinks for Skin Regeneration and Wound Healing." Polymers 13, no. 7 (March 25, 2021): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13071011.

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Skin tissue engineering aimed to replace chronic tissue injury commonly occurred due to severe burn and chronic wound in diabetic ulcer patients. The normal skin is unable to be regenerated until the seriously injured tissue is disrupted and losing its function. 3D-bioprinting has been one of the effective methods for scaffold fabrication and is proven to replace the conventional method, which reported several drawbacks. In light of this, researchers have developed a new fabrication approach via 3D-bioprinting by combining biomaterials (bioinks) with cells and biomolecules followed by a suitable crosslinking approach. This advanced technology has been subcategorised into three different printing techniques including inject-based, laser-based, and extrusion-based printing. However, the printable quality of the currently available bioinks demonstrated shortcomings in the physicochemical and mechanical properties. This review aims to identify the limitations raised by using natural-based bioinks and the optimum temperature for various applied printing techniques. It is essential to ensure maintaining the acceptable printed scaffold property such as the optimum pore sizes and porosity that allow cell migration activity. In addition, the properties required for an ideal bioinks design for better scaffold printability were also summarised.

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Gao, Ge, Byoung Soo Kim, Jinah Jang, and Dong-Woo Cho. "Recent Strategies in Extrusion-Based Three-Dimensional Cell Printing toward Organ Biofabrication." ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering 5, no. 3 (January 21, 2019): 1150–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/acsbiomaterials.8b00691.

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Lee, Jia Min, and Wai Yee Yeong. "Design and Printing Strategies in 3D Bioprinting of Cell-Hydrogels: A Review." Advanced Healthcare Materials 5, no. 22 (October 21, 2016): 2856–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/adhm.201600435.

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Zare, Mina, Erfan Rezvani Ghomi, Prabhuraj D. Venkatraman, and Seeram Ramakrishna. "Silicone‐based biomaterials for biomedical applications: Antimicrobial strategies and 3D printing technologies." Journal of Applied Polymer Science 138, no. 38 (May 26, 2021): 50969. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/app.50969.

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Wegener, Moritz, Dieter Spiehl, Florian Mikschl, Xinxin Liu, and Andreas Roosen. "Printing of Ultrathin Nanoparticulate Indium Tin Oxide Structures." Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2015, CICMT (September 1, 2015): 000092–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/cicmt-tp31.

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This contribution focusses on three printing techniques: inkjet printing, flexographic printing and gravure printing for the manufacture of ITO structures based on nanoparticular ITO inks. The quality and stability of nanoparticular inks depends mainly on the dispersing step and is reflected by the achieved particle size distribution. The particle size distribution of the ITO inks has a distinct influence on the optical and electrical properties of the deposited ITO structures. The optimization of nanoparticular ITO inks concerning rheological behavior, wetting behavior and resulting material performance is presented. Inkjet printing was used as a low speed method to manufacture structures in the range of 30 μm. It is shown how coffee-staining, a frequently arising problem in inkjet printing, can be prevented by different strategies. Nanoparticular ITO structures with layer thicknesses clearly below 1 μm were printed. Gravure and flexography printing are well-established industrial printing processes with printing speeds above 100 m/min. These high-speed printing processes were used to print structures on PET film and glass substrates. Different solvents, e.g., water and ethanol, solvent compositions and binder types were varied to optimize the resulting ITO structures. The printed structures in the range of 10 to 2000 μm with thicknesses down to 1 μm were evaluated concerning surface topography and electrical conductivity. The high inter-grain porosity and the used organic additives limit the electrical conductivity of nanoparticulate ITO structures. To further improve their electrical conductivity laser post-treatment of printed ITO structures was performed.

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Zhou, Yuan, Jing Wei Wang, Jian Feng Bai, and Wen Jie Wu. "A Life-Cycle Based Approach to the Remanufacturing Printing Supplies in Shanghai." Advanced Materials Research 878 (January 2014): 57–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.878.57.

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With the fast growing of printing supplies industry in Shanghai, it creates a large waste stream of obsolete printing supplies and causes great pressure on the environment. The information of remanufacturing printing supplies in Shanghai is gathered and waste stream is analyzed. As a case study of original toner cartridge and remanufacturing toner cartridge is compared in the context of life cycle methodology. The results show raw materials, energy consumption and pollution emission of the remanufactured toner cartridge are less than these of original toner cartridge. Environmental loads equitant including global warming potential, acidification potential, photo-oxidant formation potential, solid waste and fume from remanufacturing toner cartridge are cut 3.61%, 3.84%, 15.24% and 22.52% comparing to original toner cartridge. Its significance is that remanufacturing printing supplies can be more profitable and less harmful to the external environment than conventional manufacturing process. It also discusses strategies for lowering the environmental burden to promote the remanufacturing printing supplies in Shanghai.

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Koprnicky, Jan, Jiří Šafka, and Michal Ackermann. "Using of 3D Printing Technology in Low Cost Prosthetics." Materials Science Forum 919 (April 2018): 199–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.919.199.

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The 3D printing technology used for final production of upper limb prostheses is the topicof this article. It focuses on different 3D printing technologies and testing of different thermoplasticmaterials. As the testing object an index finger of HACKberry open source myoelectric bionic handwas used. This part was 3D printed by using of different printing technologies (FFF/FDM, SLA, SLS,PolyJet), and different materials (PLA, ABS, PC-ABS, Though, etc.), and different strategies (heightof layers). The fingers were mechanically tested to simulate flexion in a tip pinch grip. At the endof this paper results of this research and testing is summarized, and optimal material, technology andstrategies of parts production is highlighted.

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Ansari, Mojtaba. "Bone tissue regeneration: biology, strategies and interface studies." Progress in Biomaterials 8, no. 4 (November 25, 2019): 223–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s40204-019-00125-z.

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AbstractNowadays, bone diseases and defects as a result of trauma, cancers, infections and degenerative and inflammatory conditions are increasing. Consequently, bone repair and replacement have been developed with improvement of orthopedic technologies and biomaterials of superior properties. This review paper is intended to sum up and discuss the most relevant studies performed in the field of bone biology and bone regeneration approaches. Therefore, the bone tissue regeneration was investigated by synthetic substitutes, scaffolds incorporating active molecules, nanomedicine, cell-based products, biomimetic fibrous and nonfibrous substitutes, biomaterial-based three-dimensional (3D) cell-printing substitutes, bioactive porous polymer/inorganic composites, magnetic field and nano-scaffolds with stem cells and bone–biomaterials interface studies.

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Park, Sehyun, Hojoong Kim, Jong-Hoon Kim, and Woon-Hong Yeo. "Advanced Nanomaterials, Printing Processes, and Applications for Flexible Hybrid Electronics." Materials 13, no. 16 (August 13, 2020): 3587. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma13163587.

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Recent advances in nanomaterial preparation and printing technologies provide unique opportunities to develop flexible hybrid electronics (FHE) for various healthcare applications. Unlike the costly, multi-step, and error-prone cleanroom-based nano-microfabrication, the printing of nanomaterials offers advantages, including cost-effectiveness, high-throughput, reliability, and scalability. Here, this review summarizes the most up-to-date nanomaterials, methods of nanomaterial printing, and system integrations to fabricate advanced FHE in wearable and implantable applications. Detailed strategies to enhance the resolution, uniformity, flexibility, and durability of nanomaterial printing are summarized. We discuss the sensitivity, functionality, and performance of recently reported printed electronics with application areas in wearable sensors, prosthetics, and health monitoring implantable systems. Collectively, the main contribution of this paper is in the summary of the essential requirements of material properties, mechanisms for printed sensors, and electronics.

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Yekti, Bharoto. "Study of Laika’s Facial Expression Mechanism System for Stop-Motion Animation Puppet Through Knock-Down Strategies on Home-Scaled 3D Printer." New Trends and Issues Proceedings on Humanities and Social Sciences 4, no. 11 (December 28, 2017): 185–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.18844/prosoc.v4i11.2873.

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The growth of 3D printing has been rapid over the decades. Laika is a United States-based animation production company, and the pioneer of 3D printing technology in stop-motion animation. Laika uses this technology in their production pipeline for making stop-motion puppets in most of their films, including their latest films, Kubo and the Two Strings (2016). Due to limited access and information of details of Laika’s facial expression, communities and fans of animation have tried to conduct experiments with their own 3D print, using footages of behind-the-screen processes from Laika studio. This paper explores facial expressions for creating stop-motion puppet using an affordable home scale 3D printer. Using limited technical information collected from documentation video from Laika as well as referring to articles written by stop-motion enthusiasts, this fan-based research ignites creativity to overcome the barriers of technology and access through strategies in producing affordable 3D print stop-motion animation. Keywords: Stop-motion animation, 3D printing, facial expressions.

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Suhandi, Nazori, and Rendra Gustriansyah. "Marketing Strategy Using Frequent Pattern Growth." Journal of Computer Networks, Architecture and High Performance Computing 3, no. 2 (August 5, 2021): 194–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.47709/cnahpc.v3i2.1039.

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The biggest problem faced by printing companies during the Covid-19 pandemic was that the number of orders was unstable and tends to decrease, which had the potential to harm the company. Therefore, various appropriate marketing strategies were needed so that the number of product orders was relatively stable and even increases. The impact was that the company could survive and continued to grow. This study aimed to assist company managers in developing appropriate marketing strategies based on association rules generated from one of the data mining methods, namely the Frequent Pattern Growth (FP-Growth) method. The case study of this research was a printing company where there was no similar research that used a printing company's dataset. This study produced nine association rules that meet a minimum of 25% support and a minimum of 60% confidence, but only two association rules that had a high positive correlation, namely for a custom paper bag and banner products. Therefore, several marketing strategies were suggested that could be used as guidelines for companies in managing sales packages and giving special discounts on a product. The results of this study are expected to trigger an increase in the number of product orders because this study tried to find the right product for consumers and did not try to find the right consumers for a product.

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BRANSON, SUSAN. "Gendered Strategies for Success in the Early Nineteenth-Century Literary Marketplace: Mary Carr and the Ladies' Tea Tray." Journal of American Studies 40, no. 1 (April 2006): 35–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0021875806000727.

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In April 1815 Mary Clarke Carr submitted an insolvency petition to the Philadelphia Court of Common Pleas. The petition described how Carr had failed to take in the subscription monies owed for her magazine, The Intellectual Regale, or Ladies' Tea Tray, “and lost thereby at least $200 … the receipts not being sufficient for the support of herself and family.” As a consequence of her debts, Carr was forced to sell the rights to the magazine, along with “printing press types, printing apparatus, paper and all … & every other thing &c pertaining to the said ‘establishment.’” After collecting $256 from printer Thomas Smith in exchange for her property, Carr continued to struggle with her magazine for more than a year.

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Schramm, René, Johannes Hörber, Christoph Dold, and Jörg Franke. "Electrical Functionalization of Thermoplastics by Combining Plasmadust Coating and Aerosol Jet Printing." Advanced Materials Research 1038 (September 2014): 43–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1038.43.

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Additive structuring and metallization technologies like Plasmadust or Aerosol Jet printing offer many advantages for future MID applications. Both digital writing technologies enable a highly flexible design of the circuit pattern and are capable of coating 3D substrates. Currently, Aerosol Jet printing is used to generate patterns with accurate and detailed features, and line widths of 100 μm. Plasmadust provides variable coating thicknesses up to 200 μm combined with a high process speed. Hence, a combination of both technologies appears to be advantageous for a broad range of MID applications. In this paper an initial study on the interconnection of plasmadust and Aerosol Jet generated conductive structures on thermoplastic substrate materials is presented. In this context different printing strategies and process variations are evaluated.

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Carter, Tim. "Music-printing in late sixteenth- and early seventeenth-century Florence: Giorgio Marescotti, Cristofano Marescotti and Zanobi Pignoni." Early Music History 9 (October 1990): 27–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0261127900000991.

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A number of scholars have begun to explore the activities of music-printers in sixteenth-century Italy. The first music-print produced by movable type was issued by Ottaviano Petrucci in 1501, and by the 1540s improvements in printing techniques, and particularly the introduction of single-impression printing, had set music-printing on a firm commercial footing, first and foremost in Venice, the centre of the printing trade on the peninsula. The two chief Venetian music-printers in the mid-century, Antonio Gardano and Girolamo Scotto, headed commercial enterprises the organisation of which merits close study by economic historians. But the activities of these and other music-printers must also be examined for their effect on contemporary musical culture. Through their editorial policies and commercial strategies, printers such as Gardano and Scotto had an undeniable influence on the composition and dissemination of music in this period, creating and defining a market or markets for their wares which increasingly directed the activities of contemporary composers.

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Babafemi, Adewumi John, John Temitope Kolawole, Md Jihad Miah, Suvash Chandra Paul, and Biranchi Panda. "A Concise Review on Interlayer Bond Strength in 3D Concrete Printing." Sustainability 13, no. 13 (June 25, 2021): 7137. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13137137.

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Interlayer bond strength is one of the key aspects of 3D concrete printing. It is a well-established fact that, similar to other 3D printing process material designs, process parameters and printing environment can significantly affect the bond strength between layers of 3D printed concrete. The first section of this review paper highlights the importance of bond strength, which can affect the mechanical and durability properties of 3D printed structures. The next section summarizes all the testing and bond strength measurement methods adopted in the literature, including mechanical and microstructure characterization. Finally, the last two sections focus on the influence of critical parameters on bond strength and different strategies employed in the literature for improving the strength via strengthening mechanical interlocking in the layers and tailoring surface as well as interface reactions. This concise review work will provide a holistic perspective on the current state of the art of interlayer bond strength in 3D concrete printing process.

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Ngan, Catherine G. Y., Rob M. I. Kapsa, and Peter F. M. Choong. "Strategies for neural control of prosthetic limbs: from electrode interfacing to 3D printing." Materials 12, no. 12 (June 14, 2019): 1927. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma12121927.

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Limb amputation is a major cause of disability in our community, for which motorised prosthetic devices offer a return to function and independence. With the commercialisation and increasing availability of advanced motorised prosthetic technologies, there is a consumer need and clinical drive for intuitive user control. In this context, rapid additive fabrication/prototyping capacities and biofabrication protocols embrace a highly-personalised medicine doctrine that marries specific patient biology and anatomy to high-end prosthetic design, manufacture and functionality. Commercially-available prosthetic models utilise surface electrodes that are limited by their disconnect between mind and device. As such, alternative strategies of mind–prosthetic interfacing have been explored to purposefully drive the prosthetic limb. This review investigates mind to machine interfacing strategies, with a focus on the biological challenges of long-term harnessing of the user’s cerebral commands to drive actuation/movement in electronic prostheses. It covers the limitations of skin, peripheral nerve and brain interfacing electrodes, and in particular the challenges of minimising the foreign-body response, as well as a new strategy of grafting muscle onto residual peripheral nerves. In conjunction, this review also investigates the applicability of additive tissue engineering at the nerve-electrode boundary, which has led to pioneering work in neural regeneration and bioelectrode development for applications at the neuroprosthetic interface.

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Sloane, Andrew J., Janice L. Duff, Nicole L. Wilson, Parag S. Gandhi, Cameron J. Hill, Femia G. Hopwood, Paul E. Smith, et al. "High Throughput Peptide Mass Fingerprinting and Protein Macroarray Analysis Using Chemical Printing Strategies." Molecular & Cellular Proteomics 1, no. 7 (July 2002): 490–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1074/mcp.m200020-mcp200.

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Mross, Diana, and Sandra Rothenberg. "Formulating and implementing environmental strategies: A comparison of U.S. and German printing firms." Environmental Quality Management 16, no. 4 (2007): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tqem.20141.

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Bianchi, Eleonora, Marco Ruggeri, Silvia Rossi, Barbara Vigani, Dalila Miele, Maria Cristina Bonferoni, Giuseppina Sandri, and Franca Ferrari. "Innovative Strategies in Tendon Tissue Engineering." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13010089.

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The tendon is a highly aligned connective tissue that transmits force from muscle to bone. Each year, more than 32 million tendon injuries have been reported, in fact, tendinopathies represent at least 50% of all sports injuries, and their incidence rates have increased in recent decades due to the aging population. Current clinical grafts used in tendon treatment are subject to several restrictions and there is a significant demand for alternative engineered tissue. For this reason, innovative strategies need to be explored. Tendon replacement and regeneration are complex since scaffolds need to guarantee an adequate hierarchical structured morphology and mechanical properties to stand the load. Moreover, to guide cell proliferation and growth, scaffolds should provide a fibrous network that mimics the collagen arrangement of the extracellular matrix in the tendons. This review focuses on tendon repair and regeneration. Particular attention has been devoted to the innovative approaches in tissue engineering. Advanced manufacturing techniques, such as electrospinning, soft lithography, and three-dimensional (3D) printing, have been described. Furthermore, biological augmentation has been considered, as an emerging strategy with great therapeutic potential.

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Bianchi, Eleonora, Marco Ruggeri, Silvia Rossi, Barbara Vigani, Dalila Miele, Maria Cristina Bonferoni, Giuseppina Sandri, and Franca Ferrari. "Innovative Strategies in Tendon Tissue Engineering." Pharmaceutics 13, no. 1 (January 11, 2021): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pharmaceutics13010089.

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The tendon is a highly aligned connective tissue that transmits force from muscle to bone. Each year, more than 32 million tendon injuries have been reported, in fact, tendinopathies represent at least 50% of all sports injuries, and their incidence rates have increased in recent decades due to the aging population. Current clinical grafts used in tendon treatment are subject to several restrictions and there is a significant demand for alternative engineered tissue. For this reason, innovative strategies need to be explored. Tendon replacement and regeneration are complex since scaffolds need to guarantee an adequate hierarchical structured morphology and mechanical properties to stand the load. Moreover, to guide cell proliferation and growth, scaffolds should provide a fibrous network that mimics the collagen arrangement of the extracellular matrix in the tendons. This review focuses on tendon repair and regeneration. Particular attention has been devoted to the innovative approaches in tissue engineering. Advanced manufacturing techniques, such as electrospinning, soft lithography, and three-dimensional (3D) printing, have been described. Furthermore, biological augmentation has been considered, as an emerging strategy with great therapeutic potential.

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Bai, Xu, Jinxi Wu, Yun Liu, Yihan Xu, and Defang Yang. "Exploring the characteristics of 3D printing global industry chain and value chain innovation network." Information Development 36, no. 4 (November 7, 2019): 559–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0266666919884348.

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In this study, we attempted to fill an important gap that literature has yet to investigate: the characteristics of the 3D printing global industry chain and value chain innovation network. The network characteristics analysis is based on patents and the patent data download from the European Patent Office (EPO) database covering the period from January 1, 1989 to December 31, 2017. The concept of the 3D printing global industry chain and value chain network is defined, then the network model is divided by employing case analysis, and finally the network characteristics are analyzed by using social network analysis. This research enriches the relevant theories of global innovation networks in emerging industries and provides theoretical support for the development of global innovation strategies and policies for the 3D printing industry.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Printing strategies'

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