Journal articles: 'Printed-out'

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Allen, Mark, Mikko Aronniemi, Tomi Mattila, Panu Helistö, Hannu Sipola, Anssi Rautiainen, Jaakko Leppäniemi, Ari Alastalo, Raimo Korhonen, and Heikki Seppä. "Contactless read-out of printed memory." Microelectronic Engineering 88, no. 9 (September 2011): 2941–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2011.04.026.

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Loane, Ruth. "Opting out of IJPM printed copies." Irish Journal of Psychological Medicine 33, no. 1 (February 2, 2016): 69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/ipm.2015.57.

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Crane, Leah. "Printed shape tests out 150-year-old idea." New Scientist 251, no. 3344 (July 2021): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0262-4079(21)01286-0.

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Yogeshvaran, R. N., B. G. Liu, F. Farukh, and K. Kandan. "Out-of-Plane Compressive Response of Additively Manufactured Cross-Ply Composites." Journal of Mechanics 36, no. 2 (March 6, 2020): 197–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jmech.2019.59.

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ABSTRACTDigital manufacturing was employed to 3D print continuous Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced composites in Unidirectional (UD) [0°], Off-axis ±45° and Cross-ply [0°/90°] layup sequence. These 3D printed composites were subjected to quasi-static, in-plane tension and out-of-plane (compression and shear) loading. The tensile strength of 3D printed Carbon, Glass and Kevlar UD laminates was significantly lower than that of 3D printing filaments used to manufacture them. The type of fibre (brittle/ductile) reinforcement was found to be governing the shear yield strength of 3D printed composites despite having the same Nylon matrix in all the composites. Out-of-plane compressive strength of the 3D printed Carbon and Glass fibre reinforced composites was independent of specimen size. Contrary to that, Kevlar fibre composites showed a pronounced size effect upon their out-of-plane compressive strength. A combination of X-ray tomography and pressure film measurements revealed that the fibres in 3D printed composites failed by ‘indirect tension’ mechanism which governed their out-of-plane compressive strength. To gain further insights on the experimental observations, Finite Element (FE) simulations were carried out using a pressure-dependent crystal plasticity framework, in conjunction with an analytical model based on shear-lag approach. Both FE and analytical model accurately predicted the out-of-plane compressive strength of all (Carbon, Glass and Kevlar fibre reinforced) 3D printed composites.

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Mohd Ghazali, Mohd Ifwat, Saranraj Karuppuswami, Amanpreet Kaur, and Premjeet Chahal. "3D Printed high functional density packaging compatible out-of-plane antennas." Additive Manufacturing 30 (December 2019): 100863. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.addma.2019.100863.

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Yao, Yong, Wei Hua Wang, Dong Fang Zhang, and Hong Yan Guo. "Printed Character Database Analysis Based Printed Document Examination." Applied Mechanics and Materials 411-414 (September 2013): 1260–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.411-414.1260.

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This paper presented a study on printed character database image analysis based printed document examination in purpose of identifying the printer which created a suspect printed document. It was composed of printed document image acquisition, image pre-processing, feature extraction and classifier. After characters are extracted and recognized in pre-processing, stroke feature sequence of each text block are calculated, and the HU moments of the sequence are also calculated. Finally, the Euclid distance classifier and MQDF classifier are used to recognize the fonts using the above two kind of font feature respectively. Experiments are carried out in a database including 40 LaserJet printers. The experimental results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.

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Townsend, Scott, Rhosslyn Adams, Michael Robinson, Benjamin Hanna, and Peter Theobald. "3D printed origami honeycombs with tailored out-of-plane energy absorption behavior." Materials & Design 195 (October 2020): 108930. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.matdes.2020.108930.

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Dietrich, Philipp‐Immanuel, Gerald Göring, Mareike Trappen, Matthias Blaicher, Wolfgang Freude, Thomas Schimmel, Hendrik Hölscher, and Christian Koos. "3D‐Printed Scanning‐Probe Microscopes with Integrated Optical Actuation and Read‐Out." Small 16, no. 2 (December 5, 2019): 1904695. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201904695.

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Dikshit, V., Y. L. Yap, G. D. Goh, H. Yang, J. C. Lim, X. Qi, W. Y. Yeong, and J. Wei. "Investigation of out of plane compressive strength of 3D printed sandwich composites." IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 139 (July 2016): 012017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/139/1/012017.

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Vorunichev, D. S., and K. Yu Vorunicheva. "Current capabilities of prototyping technologies for multilayer printed circuit boards on a 3D printer." Russian Technological Journal 9, no. 4 (August 26, 2021): 28–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2021-9-4-28-37.

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A new direction in 3D printing was investigated – prototyping of single-sided, double-sided and multilayer printed circuit boards. The current capabilities and limitations of 3D printed circuit board printing technology were identified. A comparative analysis of the characteristics of two desktop 3D printers presented in the industry for prototyping radio electronics, as well as the first professional machine DragonFly LDM 2020, which is a mini-factory for prototyping multilayer printed circuit boards, was carried out. The first practical experience of working and printing on DragonFly LDM 2020 supplied to the megalaboratory “3D prototyping and control of multilayer printed circuit boards” of the Institute of Radio Engineering and Telecommunication Systems MIREA – Russian Technological University is presented. The first samples of electronic boards printed on a 3D printer by the method of inkjet printing were obtained. An additive technology for the production of multilayer printed circuit boards is considered: printing with two printheads with conductive and dielectric nano-ink with two curing systems: an infrared sintering system for conductive ink and a UV curing system for dielectric ink. The LDM (Dragonfly Lights-out Digital Manufacturing) production method with the necessary maintenance is presented. The method allows the system to work roundthe-clock with minimal human intervention, significantly increasing the productivity of 3D printing and expanding the possibilities of prototyping. The materials used for 3D printing of multilayer printed circuit boards and their characteristics were investigated: dielectric acrylate nano-ink (Dielectric Ink 1092 – Dielectric UV Curable Acrylates Ink), conducting ink with silver nanoparticles (AgCite™ 90072 Silver Nanoparticle Conductive Ink). The research carried out allows us to compare the technological standards of printed electronics with traditional methods of manufacturing multilayer printed circuit boards for a number of parameters.

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Sayeed, Sk Yeahia Been, Daniel Wilding, Jose Solis Camara, Dieff Vital, Shubhendu Bhardwaj, and P. M. Raj. "Deformable Interconnects with Embedded Devices in Flexible Fan-Out Packages." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2019, no. 1 (October 1, 2019): 000163–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2380-4505-2019.1.000163.

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Abstract A new class of interconnects that exhibit resilience to mechanical deformation are demonstrated with flexible fan-out or embedded-die packages. Active device embedding in flexible substrates is accomplished with direct printed interconnects onto die pads. Such a planar fan-out interconnect technology with a low-cost manufacturable process-flow results in the lowest electrical parasitics compared to flipchip with adhesives or printed-ramp interconnections with surface-assembled devices. The interconnects are made with conductive flexible silver-elastomer composites to sustain elastic deformation. The process is also modified to realize flexible backside-assembled fan-out interconnections where the backside of the die is accessible.

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Van Erps, J., N. Hendrickx, C. Debaes, P. Van Daele, and H. Thienpont. "Discrete Out-of-Plane Coupling Components for Printed Circuit Board-Level Optical Interconnections." IEEE Photonics Technology Letters 19, no. 21 (November 2007): 1753–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/lpt.2007.906113.

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Lakhmi, Riadh, Hélène Debeda, Isabelle Dufour, Claude Lucat, and Mario Maglione. "Study of Screen-Printed PZT Cantilevers Both Self-Actuated and Self-Read-Out." International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology 11, no. 2 (February 21, 2013): 311–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/ijac.12006.

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de Ruijter, Mylène, Andrei Hrynevich, Jodie N. Haigh, Gernot Hochleitner, Miguel Castilho, Jürgen Groll, Jos Malda, and Paul D. Dalton. "Out-of-Plane 3D-Printed Microfibers Improve the Shear Properties of Hydrogel Composites." Small 14, no. 8 (December 14, 2017): 1702773. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/smll.201702773.

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Ji Wu and S. Ganesan. "Using cut-out features for efficient printed circuit board testing and failure analysis." IEEE Transactions on Components and Packaging Technologies 28, no. 1 (March 2005): 166–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/tcapt.2005.845156.

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Ferrando Sanchez, A., J. I. Castaño Correa, E. Cabello Murillo, R. D'Ambrosi Centeno, G. Pozo Rodríguez, A. I. Milanés Gaillet, R. Díaz Fuentes, A. Martín González, and J. F. Pérez-Regadera Gómez. "PO-1792: Electron beam aperture cut-out customization using 3D printed ABS plastic." Radiotherapy and Oncology 152 (November 2020): S1000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0167-8140(21)01810-7.

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Hutama, T. J., and R. D. Oleschuk. "Magnetically manipulated droplet splitting on a 3D-printed device to carry out a complexometric assay." Lab on a Chip 17, no. 15 (2017): 2640–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7lc00629b.

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Kumar, Sudhir, Rupinder Singh, TP Singh, and Ajay Batish. "Flexural, pull-out, and fractured surface characterization for multi-material 3D printed functionally graded prototype." Journal of Composite Materials 54, no. 16 (December 3, 2019): 2087–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0021998319892067.

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This paper reports the flexural, pull-out, and fractured surface characterization for multi-material three-dimensional printed functionally graded prototypes, which is prepared on fused deposition modeling setup. The work is an extension of previously reported study in which different thermoplastic matrices of polylactic acid blended with polyvinyl chloride, wood dust, and Fe3O4 powder (as multiple blended feedstock filaments) have been prepared separately with twin screw extrusion for possible three-dimensional printing. Finally, functionally graded prototypes with alternative layers of polylactic acid (01 layer), polylactic acid + polyvinyl chloride (01 layer), polylactic acid + wood dust (02 layers), and polylactic acid + Fe3O4 (02 layers) were three-dimensional printed on fused deposition modeling for flexural samples as per ASTM D790. With regard to process parameters of fused deposition modeling (in this case study), infill density of 100%, infill angle of 45°, and infill speed of 50 mm/s were the optimized processing conditions. The results of study suggest that maximum flexural strength 26.92 MPa and pull-out strength 18.11 MPa were observed for functionally graded multi-material three-dimensional printed prototypes. From fractured surface analysis and hardness result, it has been ascertained that higher infill density and lower infill angle lead to better diffusion of material in layer-by-layer fashion resulting into less void formation and better flexural and pull-out performances. The novelty of this work lies in accessing the behavior of three-dimensional printed prototypes having different functional ability for each layer, with a potential to replace hybrid blend-based prototypes.

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Wang, Dai-Hua, Lian-Kai Tang, Yun-Hao Peng, and Huai-Qiang Yu. "Principle and structure of a printed circuit board process–based piezoelectric microfluidic pump integrated into printed circuit board." Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 30, no. 17 (August 30, 2019): 2595–604. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x19869519.

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Considering mature printed circuit board processes, researches on microfluidic pumps that can be integrated into printed circuit board will provide a solution for further miniaturization and integration of microfluidic systems with low costs. The principle and structure of a printed circuit board process–based piezoelectric microfluidic pump integrated into printed circuit board are proposed and realized in this article. The printed circuit board process–based design and manufacturing technology of a piezoelectric microfluidic pump integrated into printed circuit board is researched utilizing printed circuit board as a platform. The flow characteristics of the fabricated microfluidic pump are experimentally tested. The research results show that the proposed principle and structure of the piezoelectric microfluidic pump can be fabricated utilizing mature printed circuit board process with advantages of simple structure and convenient processing. The fabricated printed circuit board process–based microfluidic pump can linearly pump in and pump out fluid with self-injection. Moreover, the flow rate and back pressure can be controlled by changing the peak-to-peak value, frequency, and phase difference of the driving voltages. The instantaneous flow rate has the pulsation property consistent with the drive voltage frequency. The proposed principle and structure are beneficial to integrate the fabricated printed circuit board process–based microfluidic pump with other microfluidic components to realize complicated microfluidic systems on printed circuit board.

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Kumar, Sanjay, Pulak Bhushan, Nishant Sinha, Om Prakash, and Shantanu Bhattacharya. "Investigation of structure–mechanical property relationship in fused filament fabrication of the polymer composites." Journal of Micromanufacturing 2, no. 2 (June 6, 2019): 167–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2516598419843687.

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Fused filament fabrication (FFF) process is an emerging 3D printing technique primarily used for rapid prototyping in academic and industrial environments. The mechanical properties of these 3D-printed samples are highly anisotropic in nature and depend on various process parameters. Literature suggests that build orientation is a crucial parameter affecting the mesostructural and mechanical properties of these parts. However, there are no existing models that can correlate the mechanical properties of these printed parts with their mesostructural properties. Herein, a multiparametric mathematical model has been developed, establishing a correlation between the tensile strength, neck length, and pore size of the printed parts. An extensive investigation is carried out on six materials, namely acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABSplus P430, ABS POLYLAC® PA-757, and LG ABS RS657), polycarbonate (PC), FDM Nylon 12, and PC-ABS alloys printed in two different build orientations (XZ and ZX). The change in mechanical properties with respect to build orientation and the mesostructural properties was examined. It was established that parts printed in the XZ orientation exhibit a higher tensile strength, owing to the higher neck length and smaller pore size. Regression analysis was carried out to develop mathematical models correlating the tensile strength with the mesostructural properties of the printed parts. A good agreement is observed between the theoretically predicted and experimentally found tensile strength.

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Kavčič, Urška, and Igor Karlovits. "The influence of process parameters of screen-printed invasive plant paper electrodes on cyclic voltammetry." Nordic Pulp & Paper Research Journal 35, no. 2 (June 25, 2020): 299–307. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/npprj-2019-0070.

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AbstractUsing disposable screen-printed electrodes is a convenient way of monitoring environmental pollution, production process control etc. Usually, commercially available screen-printed electrodes are used, but more and more studies are being carried out in the field of printing electrodes on thinner, low-cost and versatile substrates, including paper. In the present research, the comparison of screen-printed electrodes printed on different paper-based materials is presented. Two unique and innovative invasive plant-based papers made from (1) Japanese knotweed, (2) Canadian and Giant goldenrod and (3) commercially available cardboard were used as a printing material for the electrodes. The selected paper substrates were characterized, and screen-printed electrodes were printed. The influence of substrates’ properties and pre- or post-treatment of the screen-printed electrodes on the electrochemical behaviour is thoroughly analyzed. The results indicate that the printing substrate (roughness) had the most significant influence on the cyclic voltammetry response. Comparing pre- and post-treatment of screen-printed electrodes, it was shown that grinding influenced the electrochemical activity significantly, while corona discharge does not have as significant influence. Besides, it was shown that the invasive plant-based papers are viable alternatives to commercially available papers and can be used as low-cost and eco-friendly alternatives for disposable screen-printed electrodes.

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Faller, Lisa-Marie, Martin Lenzhofer, Christina Hirschl, Martin Kraft, and Hubert Zangl. "Characterization of a Robust 3D- and Inkjet-Printed Capacitive Position Sensor for a Spectrometer Application." Sensors 19, no. 3 (January 22, 2019): 443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030443.

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An inkjet- and 3D-printed capacitive sensor system with an all-digital and flexible sensor read-out hardware is reported. It enables spectrometer devices with significantly reduced device outlines and costs. The sensor is developed as multilayer inkjet-printed electrode structure on a 3D-printed copper housing. Very high required position resolutions of r e s p o s < 50 nm and a wide measurement range of r m = 1000 μ m at an offset of d 0 = 1000 μ m in the considered spectrometers motivate this work. The read-out hardware provides high sampling rates of up to r s ≈ 10 ns and enables the generation of trigger signals, i.e., the mirror control signal, without a time lag. The read-out circuitry is designed as a carrier frequency system, which enables flexible choices of bandwidth and measurement signal frequency. It thus allows for separation in frequency from coupling parasitics, i.e., other frequencies present in the device under test, and makes the read-out quasi-noise-immune.

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Ferreira, Anselmo, Ehsan Nowroozi, and Mauro Barni. "VIPPrint: Validating Synthetic Image Detection and Source Linking Methods on a Large Scale Dataset of Printed Documents." Journal of Imaging 7, no. 3 (March 8, 2021): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jimaging7030050.

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The possibility of carrying out a meaningful forensic analysis on printed and scanned images plays a major role in many applications. First of all, printed documents are often associated with criminal activities, such as terrorist plans, child pornography, and even fake packages. Additionally, printing and scanning can be used to hide the traces of image manipulation or the synthetic nature of images, since the artifacts commonly found in manipulated and synthetic images are gone after the images are printed and scanned. A problem hindering research in this area is the lack of large scale reference datasets to be used for algorithm development and benchmarking. Motivated by this issue, we present a new dataset composed of a large number of synthetic and natural printed face images. To highlight the difficulties associated with the analysis of the images of the dataset, we carried out an extensive set of experiments comparing several printer attribution methods. We also verified that state-of-the-art methods to distinguish natural and synthetic face images fail when applied to print and scanned images. We envision that the availability of the new dataset and the preliminary experiments we carried out will motivate and facilitate further research in this area.

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Li, Jin, Cheng Guo, Lijian Mao, Jie Xiang, Guan-Long Huang, and Tao Yuan. "Monolithically 3-D Printed Hemispherical Resonator Waveguide Filters With Improved Out-of-Band Rejections." IEEE Access 6 (2018): 57030–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/access.2018.2872696.

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Kumar, Sudhir, Rupinder Singh, T. P. Singh, and Ajay Batish. "On flexural and pull out properties of 3D printed PLA based hybrid composite matrix." Materials Research Express 7, no. 1 (January 20, 2020): 015330. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/2053-1591/ab66f4.

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Bartashevich, D. A., and N. V. Rebrikova. "Printed Mass Media Market in the Era of Digitalisation." Humanities and Social Sciences. Bulletin of the Financial University 10, no. 1 (November 3, 2020): 28–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.26794/2226-7867-2020-10-1-28-32.

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The article reviews the printed mass media market of the USA, Great Britain, and Russia in the era of digitalisation. We consider prospects of development of this segment and also present the analysis of the market of the printing press of each country mentioned above. The authors provide statistics reflected the crisis of the printed mass media market in the USA and Russia, as well as its weak growth in the UK. Further, we carry out the content analysis of information on the development of the printed mass media market, present various points of view on this issue, and outline the prospects of print media in the future. The article also touches upon the causes of the decline of the printed mass media market in each of the concerned countries, provides recommendations for the restoration of the printed mass media market in Russia.

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Devadhas, T. "Changing Scenario of Information Use Pattern in the Engineering Colleges in Tamil Nadu." Asian Journal of Information Science and Technology 5, no. 2 (March 15, 2021): 7–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/ajist-2015.5.2.118.

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This paper analyses the changing scenario of information use pattern in the academic libraries of Tamilnadu. Libraries play a vital role in higher education and research. In fact, it collects a number of printed documents such as books, journals, magazines, encyclopedia, dictionaries, yearbooks, news papers and non-printed materials like CDs, Microfiche, Microfilms, Databases, e-learning resources related to the courses offered in the college/university in order to meet the various information requirements of users at graduate, post graduate and research levels. The ancient libraries preserved and circulated the information sources in the printed or written forms. But, the development of science and technology have modernized the form of documents and changed the information use pattern of users. It is seen that the present users prefer non-printed materials to printed one. In other words, the demand for non-printed materials is more than the printed one and the time utilized in the information communication technological based information sources and services is more than that in printed documents circulation section. It shows that there is a change in the information use pattern of users in higher educational libraries. Hence an attempt is made to find out the changing scenario of information use pattern and factors motivating it in the higher educational libraries of Tamilnadu.

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Hanon, Muammel M., Márk Kovács, and László Zsidai. "Tribology behaviour investigation of 3D printed polymers." International Review of Applied Sciences and Engineering 10, no. 2 (December 2019): 173–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1556/1848.2019.0021.

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3D printing of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) and Poly Lactic Acid (PLA) were used to prepare specimens utilising fused deposition modelling (FDM) technology. Two colours of PLA filament were printed; white and grey, whereas ABS only in white colour. Determining the tribological properties of 3D printed samples have been carried out, through obtaining the frictional features of different 3D printable filaments. Alternating-motion system employed for measuring the tribological factors. Studying the difference between static and dynamic friction factors and the examination of wear values were included. A comparison among the tribological behaviour of the 3D printed polymers has been investigated. The printed white ABS and PLA specimens show insignificant differences in the results tendency. On the contrary, the grey PLA exhibits a considerable variation due to the incredible growth in the coefficient of friction and wear average as well.

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Tuazon, Brian Jumaquio, Michaela Tayag Espino, and John Ryan Cortez Dizon. "Investigation on the Effects of Acetone Vapor-Polishing to Fracture Behavior of ABS Printed Materials at Different Operating Temperature." Materials Science Forum 1005 (August 2020): 141–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.1005.141.

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Fused Deposition Modelling (FDM) technology is one of most common technique used in 3D printing as of today for several reasons such as it is low cost and high speed printing capacity. However, common characteristic of FDM 3D printed materials are poor layer adhesion strength and rough surface finish which requires post-processing to improve it. Heat treatment and vapor-polishing are post-processing techniques used to address the poor layer adhesion and rough surface finish of 3D printed materials, respectively. This study will combine these two post-processing techniques and investigate its effect on the mechanical properties of 3D printed materials. The present study describes the effect of acetone vapor-polishing to facture behavior of ABS 3D printed material at higher operating temperatures. The study will compare the fracture behavior of ABS 3D-printed material when polished using acetone vapor bath and tested at high operating temperature to unpolished material. Five replications for each test condition were conducted. All experiment was carried out using ASTM Izod Type E tests with a 2.75J pendulum. The results showed that acetone vapor polishing strongly affects the fracture behavior of ABS 3D printed materials when operating at high temperature.

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Tulcan, Aurel, Mircea Dorin Vasilescu, and Liliana Tulcan. "Comparative Study of the Influence of Bio-Resin Color on the Dimension, Flatness and Straightness of the Part in the 3D Printing Process." Polymers 13, no. 9 (April 27, 2021): 1412. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/polym13091412.

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This paper aims to determine whether the color of based-plant resin called, by the manufacturer, eco-resin has an influence on the dimensions and geometric accuracy of the 3D-printed part. The analysis of flatness, straightness and dimensions deviations was carried out with high-precision measurement systems, and according to current standards regarding linear dimensions and geometrical tolerances. A coordinate measuring machine with contact probes was used to measure the printed part’s physical characteristics, and analysis of variance and response surface design methods were used for the data analysis. The printing experiment was carried out for each color. After that, the measurement of the printed parts and the study of the data were performed. The first finding is that for black and clear eco-resin, there are problems with the printing of the supports. Based on standard data for the range of nominal lengths of the part for linear dimensions, flatness and straightness, the measurement results can be included in different tolerance classes within standard value limits. The best value of the printed structure was obtained for clear eco-resin. The paper demonstrates that the impact of the color of the eco-resin is more important than the supports density for all the studied features. Based on 3D measurements, the optimal values for each of the eco-resin colors regarding the flatness, straightness and linear dimensions deviations of the 3D printed part were also determined.

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Phyo, Sooyeol, Sung Choi, Jaeheok Jang, Sun Choi, and Jiwon Lee. "A 3D-printed metal column for micro gas chromatography." Lab on a Chip 20, no. 18 (2020): 3435–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0lc00540a.

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Marindra, Adi M. J., Pornanong Pongpaibool, Werayuth Wallada, and Siwaruk Siwamogsatham. "An optimized ink-reducing hollowed-out arm meander dipole antenna structure for printed RFID tags." International Journal of Microwave and Wireless Technologies 9, no. 2 (January 7, 2016): 469–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1759078715001725.

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This paper presents an optimized ink-reducing meander dipole antenna structure suitable for implementing printed radio frequency identification (RFID) tags. The proposed antenna designs contain empty ink-reducing hollowed-out areas along the antenna's arms such that the resulting antennas require much less conductive ink to produce yet still achieve decent antenna performance compared with the conventional solid-arm dipole antennas. The simulation results demonstrate that when the ratio between the width of the hollowed-out areas and the width of the antenna arms is about 0.6, the resulting RFID tag experiences a slight read range performance degradation of <10%, while it offers a sizeable ink consumption reduction of almost 50%.

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Mathieson, Jennifer S., Mali H. Rosnes, Victor Sans, Philip J. Kitson, and Leroy Cronin. "Continuous parallel ESI-MS analysis of reactions carried out in a bespoke 3D printed device." Beilstein Journal of Nanotechnology 4 (April 29, 2013): 285–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3762/bjnano.4.31.

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Herein, we present an approach for the rapid, straightforward and economical preparation of a tailored reactor device using three-dimensional (3D) printing, which can be directly linked to a high-resolution electrospray ionisation mass spectrometer (ESI-MS) for real-time, in-line observations. To highlight the potential of the setup, supramolecular coordination chemistry was carried out in the device, with the product of the reactions being recorded continuously and in parallel by ESI-MS. Utilising in-house-programmed computer control, the reactant flow rates and order were carefully controlled and varied, with the changes in the pump inlets being mirrored by the recorded ESI-MS spectra.

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Moeikham, P., and P. Akkaraekthalin. "A Compact Printed Slot Antenna with High Out-of-band Rejection for WLAN/WiMAX Applications." Radioengineering 25, no. 4 (September 15, 2016): 672–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.13164/re.2016.0672.

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Ghodrat, Maryam, Muhammad Akbar Rhamdhani, Abdul Khaliq, Geoffrey Brooks, and Bijan Samali. "Thermodynamic analysis of metals recycling out of waste printed circuit board through secondary copper smelting." Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management 20, no. 1 (February 24, 2017): 386–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10163-017-0590-8.

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Bourget, Jean-Michel, Olivia Kérourédan, Manuela Medina, Murielle Rémy, Noélie Brunehilde Thébaud, Reine Bareille, Olivier Chassande, Joëlle Amédée, Sylvain Catros, and Raphaël Devillard. "Patterning of Endothelial Cells and Mesenchymal Stem Cells by Laser-Assisted Bioprinting to Study Cell Migration." BioMed Research International 2016 (2016): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3569843.

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Tissue engineering of large organs is currently limited by the lack of potent vascularizationin vitro. Tissue-engineered bone grafts can be prevascularizedin vitrousing endothelial cells (ECs). The microvascular network architecture could be controlled by printing ECs following a specific pattern. Using laser-assisted bioprinting, we investigated the effect of distance between printed cell islets and the influence of coprinted mesenchymal cells on migration. When printed alone, ECs spread out evenly on the collagen hydrogel, regardless of the distance between cell islets. However, when printed in coculture with mesenchymal cells by laser-assisted bioprinting, they remained in the printed area. Therefore, the presence of mesenchymal cell is mandatory in order to create a pattern that will be conserved over time. This work describes an interesting approach to study cell migration that could be reproduced to study the effect of trophic factors.

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Okuwada, Kumi, and Tetsuo Okuyama. "Thermal transfer printing technique for electrode patterning in cofired ceramic multi-layer devices." Journal of Materials Research 9, no. 5 (May 1994): 1193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/jmr.1994.1193.

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A new mask-less electrode patterning method using a thermal transfer printing technique was investigated. Thermal ink ribbons were prepared, which included more than 50 vol. % conductive metal powder. Arbitrary electrode patterns were designed with a computer and printed out on a ceramic green sheet with a serial thermal printer. The ceramic green sheets with printed electrode patterns were stacked up and cofired to obtain a multi-layer ceramic capacitor.

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Kuo, Chung-Feng Jeffrey, Cheng-Lin Lee, and Chung-Yang Shih. "Image database of printed fabric with repeating dot patterns part (I) – image archiving." Textile Research Journal 87, no. 17 (August 12, 2016): 2089–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517516663160.

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An image database of printed fabrics with repeating dot patterns was created to alleviate issues associated with management of and searches for numerous dot printed fabrics in the printing industry. The function of the database is to archive and allow retrieval of images. First, we discuss image archiving of repeating pattern-based dot printed fabrics. The color image was scanned by resolution of 200 dpi. The wavelet transformation was used to preprocess the image to obtain a scanned image 1/16 of the size of the original to be the stored image. To acquire images with repeating pattern color and repeating pattern template, the binary image of each pattern was obtained using the Sobel edge detection method and a morphological operation. Then pattern elements identical to the target pattern element were screened out. Afterwards, the centroid positions of these identical pattern elements were used to subdivide the repeating pattern color image and repeating pattern template image using a vertical vector method. Finally, the RGB 512-color histogram was used as the color feature of the dot printed fabrics, and the geometric and moment invariant feature values of the repeating pattern template image were used as the pattern feature of the dot printed fabrics. Our experimental results show that images can be acquired that are suitable for use in a dot printed fabric image database. The color and template images of the repeating patterns, which represent the image content of the printed fabrics, were obtained to create an image database of repeating pattern-based dot printed fabrics. This image database contains data on 300 printed fabrics which can be used for subsequent research on database image retrieval.

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Dho, Yun-Sik, Sang Joon Park, Haneul Choi, Youngdeok Kim, Hyeong Cheol Moon, Kyung Min Kim, Ho Kang, et al. "Development of an inside-out augmented reality technique for neurosurgical navigation." Neurosurgical Focus 51, no. 2 (August 2021): E21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3171/2021.5.focus21184.

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OBJECTIVE With the advancement of 3D modeling techniques and visualization devices, augmented reality (AR)–based navigation (AR navigation) is being developed actively. The authors developed a pilot model of their newly developed inside-out tracking AR navigation system. METHODS The inside-out AR navigation technique was developed based on the visual inertial odometry (VIO) algorithm. The Quick Response (QR) marker was created and used for the image feature–detection algorithm. Inside-out AR navigation works through the steps of visualization device recognition, marker recognition, AR implementation, and registration within the running environment. A virtual 3D patient model for AR rendering and a 3D-printed patient model for validating registration accuracy were created. Inside-out tracking was used for the registration. The registration accuracy was validated by using intuitive, visualization, and quantitative methods for identifying coordinates by matching errors. Fine-tuning and opacity-adjustment functions were developed. RESULTS ARKit-based inside-out AR navigation was developed. The fiducial marker of the AR model and those of the 3D-printed patient model were correctly overlapped at all locations without errors. The tumor and anatomical structures of AR navigation and the tumors and structures placed in the intracranial space of the 3D-printed patient model precisely overlapped. The registration accuracy was quantified using coordinates, and the average moving errors of the x-axis and y-axis were 0.52 ± 0.35 and 0.05 ± 0.16 mm, respectively. The gradients from the x-axis and y-axis were 0.35° and 1.02°, respectively. Application of the fine-tuning and opacity-adjustment functions was proven by the videos. CONCLUSIONS The authors developed a novel inside-out tracking–based AR navigation system and validated its registration accuracy. This technical system could be applied in the novel navigation system for patient-specific neurosurgery.

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Fulton, Thomas, and Jeremy Specland. "The Elizabethan Catholic New Testament and Its Readers." Journal of Early Modern Christianity 6, no. 2 (December 18, 2019): 251–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/jemc-2019-2012.

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Abstract Printed vernacular Bibles appeared in many European languages well before the Protestant Reformation, but in England the story is quite different. The first Catholic English New Testament was not printed until 1582, long after numerous Protestant editions had flooded the English Bible market. This article focuses on readers of this 1582 annotated Rheims New Testament, published by exiles in France and shipped surreptitiously northward for missionaries to convert, affirm, and educate British Catholics. Once in England this edition garnered an immense outpouring of printed confutations. Particularly significant was a 1589 dual printing of the Rheims text alongside the official version of the Church of England with extensive annotations by William Fulke. Reader markings in both the 1582 Rheims New Testament and its 1589 confutation, however, show early readers staking out confessional positions independent of the polemic of the printed texts, often putting these texts to purposes contrary to those intended.

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Janeczek, Kamil, Małgorzata Jakubowska, Grażyna Kozioł, Anna Młożniak, and Janusz Sitek. "Screen printed RFID antennas on low cost flexible substrates." International Symposium on Microelectronics 2011, no. 1 (January 1, 2011): 000161–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2011-ta5-paper3.

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Recently, more and more studies are carried out in the field of printed RFID tags. It is connected with rapid development of new electronic technology, i.e. printed electronics which utilizes printing techniques, like screen printing, inkjet, flexography or gravure, for production of electronic components. This method is on one hand environmentally friendly because it allows eliminating wastes emerging during etching process used commonly in electronics. On the other hand, components can be printed on low cost flexible substrates, like foil or paper. These two factors cause that such products are cheap and can be competitive with their equivalents used currently. In this study, investigations of RFID tag antennas working in UHF frequency range made with screen printing technique are described. Conductive polymer pastes containing silver nanopowder, silver flakes or carbon nanotubes were used for antenna fabrication. Each of them was deposited on foil and paper. Properties of printed antennas were investigated by return loss measurements performed in the frequency range 0.5 ÷ 1.5 GHz. Achieved results were compared with simulation carried out in CST Microwave Studio. Antenna surface profile was checked using optical profilometer or metallographic microscope. Its mechanical tests were also conducted. The obtained results showed that the best candidate for antenna printing on flexible substrate was the paste with silver nanopowder because it combined high conductivity and high mechanical durability.

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Atasever, Şule, Pınar A. Bozkurt, and Muammer Canel. "Pyrolysis of Waste Printed Circuit Board Particles." International Journal of Energy Optimization and Engineering 4, no. 2 (April 2015): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijeoe.2015040105.

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Electrical and electronic apparatus and instruments which are obsolete value in use or completion of the life can be defined as e-waste. E-waste is one of the fastest growing types of hazardous waste. Printed circuit boards a major component of this waste. In this study, printed circuit board particles of mobile phone (MPCB) were used as electronic waste. MPCB waste was obtained from a local electronic waste factory. The elemental analysis and ICP-MS analysis were performed on these electronic wastes and thereafter pyrolysis runs were carried out between 500 and 900°C in a horizontal furnace. The liquid yields were determined and compared at different temperatures.

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Khodchenko, I., E. Yudina, and V. Koloniuk. "THE USE OF INFORMATION SOURCES AT CARRYING OUT A FORENSIC EXAMINATION OF THE OLD PRINTED EDITIONS OF THE CYRILLIC ALPHABET." Criminalistics and Forensics, no. 65 (May 18, 2020): 661–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.33994/kndise.2020.65.65.

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In forensic science is used a full and objective investigation of a crime or the settlement of a civil claim that requires the use of specialized knowledge, in particular, when examining an expert in the printed editions of Cyrillic. The methodological approaches of eminent scholars on the attribution and cultural evaluation of old printed books are still relevant in the study of book publications by forensic experts dealing with art. The compilation and description of Slavic editions is of great importance both in terms of cultural studies, history, linguistics, engraving, and in terms of the accumulation of some basis for the comparative study of ancient books in forensic studies of ancient printed matter. Therefore, for completeness, comprehensiveness and objectivity of expert research in forensic and expert examination of ancient printed editions of Cyrillic printing, the use of the didactic, cultural and bibliographic material of several generations of leading scientists is of great importance.

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Kanth, Rajeev Kumar, Pasi Liljeberg, Hannu Tenhunen, Qiang Chen, Lirong Zheng, and Harish Kumar. "Study on Glass-Epoxy-Based Low-Cost and Compact Tip-Truncated Triangular Printed Antenna." International Journal of Antennas and Propagation 2012 (2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/184537.

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Printed antennas based on glass epoxy substrate have been developed. On the basis of required specifications and assigned frequencies, tip-truncated triangular printed antennas have been designed, analyzed, and fabricated. The performances of the antennas have been measured in terms of return loss, frequency of operation, bandwidth, and radiation pattern. Triangular microstrip antenna (TMSA) configuration consisting of copper as active radiating patch and glass epoxy as dielectric substrate has been screened out to achieve the essential characteristics and satisfying recommended low-cost antenna. The Method of Moment (MOM) analyzing techniques have been employed to realize the required specific properties, whereas optimized tip truncation technique and varying feed point location give rise to suitable LHCP or RHCP configuration of the printed antenna. The coaxial probe signal feed arrangement have been considered for this work. The proposed printed antennas are suitable for communication links between ships or buoys and satellites specially for navigation purpose.

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Lerer, Seth. "Epilogue: Falling Asleep over the History of the Book." PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 121, no. 1 (January 2006): 229–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1632/003081206x96212.

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Ten years ago, in the introduction to his edited collection The Future of the Book, Geoffrey Nunberg predicted, “If we take the book in its broad sense to refer simply to bound, printed volumes, then most books will likely disappear soon.” Imagining the prospect of electronic books, of devices that would present text not just on a screen but on something “almost the equivalent of paper in [its] weight and flexibility,” Nunberg looked forward to a time when printed pages would no longer be the primary bearer of textual information (12). That time has not come. The e-book never seemed to make it, either as a viable technology or as an attractive commercial product. More bound and printed volumes are being made and sold than ever. And the history of the book as an academic discipline continues to grow—not out of a sense that books are history (in the colloquial sense of that phrase) but out of a conviction that they are here to stay and that to know their future we should know their past.

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Eckhart, Pia. "Zeitgeschichte im Druck." Zeitschrift für Historische Forschung: Volume 47, Issue 2 47, no. 2 (April 1, 2020): 183–222. http://dx.doi.org/10.3790/zhf.47.2.183.

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Summary Contemporary History in Print Augsburg Chronicle Editions of the 16th Century. A Reflection on the (In–)‌Stability of Printed Chronicles In late medieval and early modern cities, readers and writers were certainly interested in history and in chronicling contemporary events. Even after the establishment of the printing press in German speaking areas large amounts of local and regional chronicles were written and copied by hand. In contrast, very few non-scholarly, vernacular chronicles were published in print. This fact is usually explained by pointing out the functional differentiation between the handwritten and the printed medium: Chroniclers could easily change, enhance or update texts while copying and compiling as long as they worked in the medium of handwriting. While this is certainly true, printed chronicles deserve more attention. This article explores the connections between the rich tradition of urban chronicles, ongoing practices of chronicling as well as the printed medium and the new sources of information connected with the printed medium in the first half of the 16th century. These complex relations are examined through a group of four printed German chronicles published in Augsburg and subsequently in other cities in more than twenty editions. The paper focuses particularly on the processes of revision and adaptation taking place in Philip Ulhart’s printing shop in Augsburg. Furthermore, the article offers methodological reflections on how to study and compare multiple editions of printed books adequately. The aim is to show why it is necessary to focus not only on their content but also on layout, paratexts and codicological proprieties in order to reveal the textual (un–)‌fixity of printed chronicles.

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Ghalab, S., W. M. Raslan, E. M. El-Khatib, and A. A. El-Halwagy. "Improving of Silk Printability by Atmospheric Air Plasma Treatment." Research Journal of Textile and Apparel 15, no. 3 (August 1, 2011): 115–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rjta-15-03-2011-b013.

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Plasma surface treatment of silk has been carried out in atmospheric air under experimental conditions at different discharge powers and plasma exposure times. The treated fabric samples are printed with reactive dye using a conventional silk screen printing technique. After drying, the samples are steam fixed at 102°C for 15 min, washed and air dried. Before and after printing, both treated and untreated samples are subjected to different investigations. The wetting time is found to depend upon the treatment time and discharge power. The colour strength of the treated samples printed with reactive dye is improved to a large extent compared with the untreated samples. An improvement in the fastness properties of the printed samples to washing, rubbing and perspiration is also noticed.

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Ragazou, Katerina, Rallis Lougkovois, Vassiliki Katseli, and Christos Kokkinos. "Fully Integrated 3D-Printed Electronic Device for the On-Field Determination of Antipsychotic Drug Quetiapine." Sensors 21, no. 14 (July 12, 2021): 4753. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21144753.

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In this work, we developed a novel all-3D-printed device for the simple determination of quetiapine fumarate (QF) via voltammetric mode. The device was printed through a one-step process by a dual-extruder 3D printer and it features three thermoplastic electrodes (printed from a carbon black-loaded polylactic acid (PLA)) and an electrode holder printed from a non-conductive PLA filament. The integrated 3D-printed device can be printed on-field and it qualifies as a ready-to-use sensor, since it does not require any post-treatment (i.e., modification or activation) before use. The electrochemical parameters, which affect the performance of the sensor in QF determination, were optimized and, under the selected conditions, the quantification of QF was carried out in the concentration range of 5 × 10−7–80 × 10−7 mol × L−1. The limit of detection was 2 × 10−9 mol × L−1, which is lower than that of existing electrochemical QF sensors. The within-device and between-device reproducibility was 4.3% and 6.2% (at 50 × 10−7 mol × L−1 QF level), respectively, demonstrating the satisfactory operational and fabrication reproducibility of the device. Finally, the device was successfully applied for the determination of QF in pharmaceutical tablets and in human urine, justifying its suitability for routine and on-site analysis.

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Guo, Zhi, Zhongde Shan, Feng Liu, Dong Du, and Mengmeng Zhao. "Experimental investigation on the performance and mesostructure of multi-material composite 3D-printed sand mold." Rapid Prototyping Journal 26, no. 2 (October 3, 2019): 309–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/rpj-10-2018-0265.

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Purpose In this paper, the effects of the adhesive and curing agent contents on the tensile strength, bending strength, gas evolution and gas permeability of three-dimensional printed sand molds are studied. A strength model of the three-dimensional printed sand molds is proposed. The multi-material composite sand mold forming test is carried out. In addition, the mesostructure of the sand mold is studied. Design/methodology/approach The performances of three-dimensional printed sand mold such as tensile strength, bending strength, gas evolution and gas permeability are studied using the standard test methods. The mesostructure of the sand mold is studied by digital core technology. Findings A sand mold strength model based on the resin adhesive content, curing agent content and sand mold compactness are obtained. Two types of multi-material composite three-dimensional printed sand molds are proposed. An increase in the curing agent content in the sand mold widens the mesoscopic characteristic size distribution of the sand mold, and large-sized mesostructures appear, resulting in a decrease in the sand mold bearing capacity. Practical implications Process parameters that affect the performance of three-dimensional printed sand mold are revealed. The sand mold bearing curve provides a reference for the ultimate design of three-dimensional printed sand mold. Originality/value The paper deals with experimental work on the performance and mesostructure of multi-material composite three-dimensional printed sand mold with different contents of adhesive and curing agent. That gives a perspective on future designs of sand mold based on these principles.

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Shin, Se Joong, Tae Hyun Park, Jin Hwan Choi, Eun Ho Song, Hakkoo Kim, Hyun Jun Lee, Jeong-Ik Lee, et al. "Improvement of light out-coupling in organic light-emitting diodes by printed nanosized random texture layer." Organic Electronics 14, no. 1 (January 2013): 187–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.orgel.2012.10.009.

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Journal articles on the topic 'Printed-out'

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