Relevant bibliographies by topics / Principle of Right

Academic literature on the topic 'Principle of Right'

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Published: 10 December 2022
Last updated: 29 January 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Principle of Right"

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Kirillova, Elena Anatolyevna, Vladimir Nikolaevich Koval, Sergey Zenin, Nikolay M. Parshin, and Olga V. Shlyapnikova. "Digital Right Protection Principles under Digitalization." Webology 18, Special Issue 04 (September 30, 2021): 910–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.14704/web/v18si04/web18173.

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The article deals with the main principles of protecting digital rights – a new legal category – in the digital environment. In the context of the rapid development of information and communication technologies when cyberspace becomes the platform for interaction between citizens, society, and the state, there is a need to re-evaluate traditional approaches to rights exercised through digital communications on the Internet. The purpose of the study is to examine the legal features and properties of digital rights and identify the principles for protecting digital rights online. The authors employ the general scientific dialectical method as well as the formal legal, systemic structural, and formal logical cognition methods. The synergetic method is used to identify the features and properties of digital rights, this method helps to highlight new rules and new realities in the creative potential of chaos. The authors conclude that the scope of digital legal relations has the characteristics of cross-border and virtuality, thus ensuring the protection of digital rights should be carried out considering the special properties of this environment in which subjects cannot always be identified, and objects are characterized as simulations. Digital rights are obligations and other rights, the content and the exercise of which are determined by their specific features according to the rules and functioning principles of the information and telecommunication system. The holder of a digital right can be a person who can exercise the right. The authors identify the basic principles of protecting digital rights: the digital equality principle; the digital self-determination principle; the anonymous communication principle; the principle of confidentiality of private communications; the principle of privacy in the digital environment; the principle of secrecy of digital identification; the principle of security of data obtained through facial recognition technologies; the principle of erasure of digitalized personal information.
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Haqyar, Abdullah. "The Phenomenon of Human Rights from the Perspective of Islam and the West." Volume-2: Issue-3 (August, 2019) 2, no. 3 (March 31, 2020): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.36099/ajahss.2.3.1.

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The phenomenon of human rights, in its contemporary sense, is not even ancient in Western thought, and it came from the context of a social and political movement in France, and the most important of the fundamental rights that collected under this title is the right to life, the right to liberty, the right to equality, the right to asylum, the right to freedom of expression, the right to freedom of opinion and religion, women's rights, the right to participate in social and political life, and the right to personal property. It is an established principle that the first condition for the exercise of these rights is their incompatibility with the rights of other human beings and their human rights. The philosophical basis of human rights in the West consists of three important principles: the principle of human dignity, equality and justice. But the difference between human rights in the West and Islam is that "God" is at the center of the Islamic worldview, while in the Western world the "man" is the central one, and man is the measure of all rights. A clearer interpretation of the two types of "God-centered" or "human-centered" ideas in the West is the predominance of human-centeredness and in Islam the predominance of God-centeredness. The philosophical foundations of human rights in Islam are the principle of human dignity, the principle of God-seeking, the principle of human immortality, and the principle of its developmental relation to the set of being.
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Paramonov, N. V. "Reproductive rights: gender principle." Analytical and Comparative Jurisprudence, no. 5 (December 30, 2022): 82–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.24144/2788-6018.2022.05.15.

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The article is devoted to clarifying the issue of reproductive rights and reproductive health of both women and men. It is noted that in society, ideas about the rights of men and women in the field of regulation of reproductive activity and reproductive health have not been properly formed, and in domestic legislation not all aspects in the sphere of realization of reproductive rights of men and women are regulated. It was stated that special attention in the field of regulation of reproductive rights and reproductive health is paid only to the procedure for applying programs of assisted reproductive technologies. The lack of definition of "reproductive right" and "right to reproductive health" contradicts the existing human rights and freedoms that are enshrined in both women and men. This statement, in turn, leads to discriminatory elements in society. In addition, it was stated that the lack of proper legal registration of the relevant definitions entails a logically related lack of guarantees for the implementation of the above-mentioned rights of men and women, as well as liability for their violation. According to the results of the analysis of existing norms in both national and international law, it was stated that the reproductive rights of men and women are based on fundamental human rights - the right to life, the right to health care, equality between men and women, the right to physical integrity, the right to privacy, the right to personal, family secrets, etc., are derived from fundamental human rights, detail and complement them. In addition, detailed regulation will be of positive importance both for legal science and for practice, since it will allow to more deeply and fully comprehend the rights of men and women in this area, as well as to acquire the status of independent subjective rights included in the legal status and the institution of fundamental rights and freedoms.
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Gould, Daniel B., Paul D. Mongan, Richard E. Peterson, and Robert D. Culling. "Right heart, right principle, wrong catheter." Journal of Clinical Monitoring 9, no. 3 (July 1993): 208. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01617032.

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Bielinhio, V. "Administrative Procedure Act of the Republic of Estonia: Experience for Ukraine." Bulletin of Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv. Legal Studies, no. 110 (2019): 5–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/1728-2195/2019/3.110-1.

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The article deals with the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia which concern the cooperation of public administration with citizens and the protection of the citizens' rights. The comparison of the particular provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine is made. As a result of comparing the provisions of the Constitution of the Republic of Estonia with the provisions of the Constitution of Ukraine, it is concluded that they are similar in terms of citizens' rights protection. In both Constitutions, citizens' rights are recognized and protected by the state, rights and freedoms may only be circumscribed in exceptional cases, citizens have the right to free access to the information held by public administration (access to which is not restricted). Special attention is given to Administrative Procedure Act of the Republic of Estonia, which was passed on 06 June 2001. The principles of the administrative procedure, enshrined in Administrative Procedure Act of the Republic of Estonia, are presented. They include the principle of human rights protection, the principle of legality, the principle of proportionality and separate group of principles – principles of good administration. The principles of good administration, which underlie the cooperation of public administration with citizens, are also highlighted. They include the right to be heard, the right to examine documents, the right to get explanations, the principle of accessibility and data protection, the right to representation, the principle of appeal. It is substantiated that the principles of administrative procedure, enshrined in Administrative Procedure Act of the Republic of Estonia, provide two important guarantees: 1) a guarantee for good and legal activity of public administration, 2) a guarantee for enforcement of person's rights and freedoms during issuing administrative acts or taking measures. The conclusion on the expediency for the systematization of the legislation on administrative procedure in a one normative legal act is made. On the basis of drawn conclusions, it is proposed to draft and adopt in Ukraine a unified normative legal act on administrative procedure (a law or a code), taking into consideration Estonia's experience in this matter.
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YI, ZOONIL. "The Contact Point and Difference between the Principle of Prohibition of Excessively Abundant Restriction and the Principle of Prohibition of Excessively Deficient Protection as Constitutional Principles." European Constitutional Law Association 29 (August 31, 2022): 283–322. http://dx.doi.org/10.21592/eucj.2022.39.283.

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The proportionality principle is a constitutional principle that has a constitutional basis and effect. It is generally agreed that the principle of proportionality consists of four partial principles: the principle of justification for the end, the principle of suitability of means, the principle of minimal harm, and the principle of balance of legal interests. The principle of proportionality is embodied in the principle of prohibition of excessively abundant restriction and the principle of excessively deficient protection in accordance with legal interests guaranteed by constitutional rights. In the case of the defensive right that can demand negative actions from the state, the proportionality principle is embodied as the principle of prohibition of excessively abundant restriction, and in the case of the benefit right that can demand positive actions from the state, the proportionality principle is embodied as the principle of prohibition of excessively deficient protection. Since the principle of proportionality is specified in common between the principle of prohibition of excessively abundant restriction and the principle of prohibition of excessively deficient protection, the four partial principles of the principle of proportionality must be applied whether they are applied as the former principle or the latter. However, the specific contents of the application of the four partial principles included in the proportionality principle may vary because the protected legal interests and restrictions that are problematic in the principle of prohibition of excessively abundant restriction and the principle of prohibition of excessively deficient protection are different.
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Piantavigna, Paolo. "Tax Abuse in European Union Law: A Theory." EC Tax Review 20, Issue 3 (June 1, 2011): 134–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.54648/ecta2011015.

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Tax abuse is a legal principle developed by the European Court of Justice (ECJ) that prevents a person from relying on a right in law where such reliance would constitute an abuse of that right. The case law demonstrates two circumstances when the principle has been applied or its potential applicability has been recognized: a person seeks to rely on a European legal right to circumvent or displace national law, and a person seeks to take advantage of a right in European law, but in a manner running contrary to its spirit. The ECJ is recognizing the full and proper construction of the European right upon which a person wishes to rely but prevents its use in any event. This principle of abuse sits alongside other developed principles of law that maintain fundamental rights already accepted in the legal systems of the Member States and in internationally recognized treaties. These general principles are not closed and include equality, proportionality, neutrality, and legal certainty. The main thrust of the application of fraus legis has been in relation to tax avoidance, but one might consider that this abuse of law or fraus legis principle has a potentially vast application in Community Law, both in tax harmonized and in tax non-harmonized areas.
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Barnard, Catherine. "Are social ‘Rights’ rights?" European Labour Law Journal 11, no. 4 (February 12, 2020): 351–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2031952520905382.

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The Charter draws a distinction between rights and principles. Article 51(1) of the Charter says that rights must be ‘respected’ whereas principles must merely be ‘observed’. The question is how to tell whether a provision in the Charter contains a right or a principle and what implication this has for social rights – which in a number of national Constitutions are traditionally seen as principles, not rights, and thus not directly enforceable. However, for EU citizens this is not satisfactory; why is something described as a right in fact not a right? In this article I wish to argue that while it was originally intended that social rights should in fact be principles, the Court is beginning to adopt a more nuanced approach to this question.
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Ostojski, Przemysław. "Zasada szybkości w postępowaniach w sprawach przygotowania i realizacji inwestycji infrastrukturalnych." Zeszyty Naukowe Uniwersytetu Rzeszowskiego. Seria Prawnicza. Prawo 30 (2020): 174–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.15584/znurprawo.2020.30.11.

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The article concerns the principle of speed in the proceedings regarding the implementation of infrastructure investments. The analysis of individual legal institutions is aimed at assessing statutory regulations of investment acts in the scope of the principle of speed. The aim of the analysis is to verify the assertion that the implementation of specific law-related rules in special investment documents connected with giving priority to the speed of administrative proceedings followed the constitutional principle of proportionality. As a result of the conducted analysis, it should be stated that the implementation of the principle of speed of proceedings to investment acts does not fundamentally violate the essence of constitutional rights of individuals – including the right to challenge decisions and the right to protect of rightly acquired rights. The legislator limits the principles of transparency, as well as the principle of active participation of the party in administrative proceedings, but does not eliminate these principles. Regardless of this, the legislator infringes in the analyzed Acts the essence of the party’s right to submit an application for temporary protection in administrative proceedings. The legislator violates in a qualified manner – due to the public interest – the rule of law and two-instance, preventing the appeals authority in the course of the instance of repealing the decision in its entirety, if the defect affects only its part concerning the property.
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Reneman, Marcelle. "An EU Right to Interim Protection during Appeal Proceedings in Asylum Cases?" European Journal of Migration and Law 12, no. 4 (2010): 407–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/157181610x535764.

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AbstractDoes EU law provide for a right to interim protection in asylum cases and if so under what circumstances and in what form? These questions are addressed in this article on the basis of relevant EU legislation, the EU principle of effectiveness and the right to effective judicial protection, and finally international human rights law, which serves as a source of inspiration for these principles. It is argued that Article 39 of the Procedures Directive, interpreted in the light of the EU principle of effectiveness and the EU right to effective judicial protection, requires a remedy with automatic suspensive effect in all asylum cases, regardless of their arguability. It is therefore conceivable that this provision offers broader protection than the right to an effective remedy, laid down in international human rights treaties, such as Article 13 ECHR.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Principle of Right"

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Muullaart, Ida. "Choosing the Right Embryo : and not accepting the principle of procreative beneficence." Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för idé- och samhällsstudier, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-108060.

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Är det möjligt att välja rätt embryo vid In-vitro fertilisering (IVF)? I sådana fall, vad innebär det att något är det rätta embryot? I denna uppsats diskuteras IVF och de moraliska dilemman som kan uppstå vid val av embryo. Vid IVF är det möjligt att ställa en preimplantorisk genetisk diagnostik (PGD) vilken kan ge information om genetiska sjukdomar och andra anlag, såväl som kön och kromosomfel. Enligt Julian Savulescu, som förespråkar the Principle of Procreative Beneficence, är vi moraliskt skyldiga att välja ett friskt embryo, vilket också anses vara det rätta embryot. I kontrast till detta ställs Christine Overall som menar att Savulescus princip innebär problem för hur vi bör se på barnafödande. Jag diskuterar vidare hur vi utifrån ett socialt och ett samhällsperspektiv kan se det som moraliskt tveksamt att förbjuda att personer med vissa anlag föds, samt försöker visa på Savulescus ignorans för hur IVF fungerar och att detta bidrar till att hans argument fallerar.
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Gorka, K. "Reflections about right of public access to the EU documents." Thesis, Ukrainian Academy of Banking of the National Bank of Ukraine, 2009. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/61080.

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Chambo, Janeth Apelles. "The principle of non-refoulement in the context of refugee operation in Tanzania." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/1140.

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"The rights of refugees and basic human rights are inextricably linked. Today's human rights abuse is tomorrow's refugee movements. Quite often, refugees' rights are curtailed by the same states that declare them in accordance with international and domestic instruments, only because they are non-nationals. While the foundation of refugee rights is the principle that all men and women have the right to belong to a society in which they are protected by the state, the respect to the principle of non-refoulement is at the core of being a refugee. Even though the Universal Declaration of Human Rights (UDHR) proclaims rights to all, including refugees, states use international principles of sovereignty to shut their doors in front of asylum seekers. Furthermore, it is not easy to utilise international mechanisms of protection to instigate complaints against a potential host state, based on its arbitrary act to shut its doors. This is because one needs to seek remedies before authorities of the same country where she or he has been denied. In addition, international law has few precedents on the matter even assuming it was treated as an exception to the former rule. This situation puts refoulement victims in a dilemma. ... Since the first time when the wave of asylum seekers from Rwanda hit Tanzania in 1959, the flow of refugees continues. Tanzania has hosted refugees not only from its neighbouring countries, but also as far as from South Africa, Zimbabwe and Somalia. With an estimated number of 602,00 refugees population in 2004, Tanzania was among the top five refugee-hosting countries in the world. Tanzania ratified the international and regional refugee instrumetns, as well as other human rights instruments that may enhance the protection of refugees. Subsequently, Tanzania enacted appropriate legislation in order to make the refugee instruments enforceable within the national legal framework. The principle of non-refoulement is enshriend in all legal instruments of which Tanzania has an international, regional and national obligation to respect. However, in recent years a trend of sporadic incidents in which the principle of non-refoulement was not respected, has been observed. For instance, in October 2004, 68 Burundian asylum seekers were forced to return to Burundi following the orders of the local authorities. One of the most recent incidents occurred in January 2005 when the government returned two families of nine persons, despite assurances made to UNHCR that they would be granted refugee status. This research looks at the obligation of the Government of Tanzania to protect rights of asylum seekers and refugees. This is in line with the principle of non-refoulement as enshrined under international and regional instruments of which Tanzania ratified. It further explores the role of international communities in responsibility sharing (often referred to in the humanitarian community as 'burden sharing') as a way to ensure that all states respect the principle of non-refoulement. ... The first part of this research is the introduction, that is, the background to the problem, problem statement, scope of the research, hypotheses, objective of the research, literature review, research methodology, and outline of chapters. The second chapter looks at the right to non-refoulement under international, regional and national legal instruments. Chapter three deals with respect of the principle of non-refoulement in the refugee operation of Tanzania. Chapter four examines the relationship between the principle of non-refoulement and responsibility sharing with a view to reflect on the role of the international community in promoting refugee rights. The last chapter is the conclusion of the research and recommendations." -- Introduction.
Thesis (LLM (Human Rights and Democratisation in Africa)) -- University of Pretoria, 2005.
Prepared under the supervision of Dr. Atangcho Nji Akonumbo at the Department of Social Science and Management, Catholic University [of Central Africa] in Yaounde, Cameroon
http://www.chr.up.ac.za/academic_pro/llm1/dissertations.html
Centre for Human Rights
LLM
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Genonceau, Cassandre. "Les droits du migrant en mer." Thesis, Brest, 2022. http://theses-scd.univ-brest.fr/2022/These-2022-SML-Droit_prive-GENONCEAU_Cassandre.pdf.

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Alors que les flux migratoires « spontanés » sont en recrudescence depuis le début du XXIe siècle, la mer est devenue le théâtre d’un drame humanitaire qui semble sans fin. Sur toutes les façades maritimes européennes, les décès ou disparitions de migrants demeurent fréquents du fait de conditions de transport extrêmes, le plus souvent liées au trafic dont ils sont l’objet, ou de manoeuvres dangereuses opérées à l’occasion de leur arraisonnement. Au risque de perdre la vie en mer s’ajoutent des atteintes répétées à la dignité et à la liberté du migrant imputables à certains États côtiers de départ et de destination qui cherchent à interrompre sa navigation, y compris lorsqu’il manifeste un besoin de protection internationale. Si la lutte contre l’immigration irrégulière ou la criminalité organisée constitue un motif légitime d’interception en vertu du droit international de la mer, les actions (recours abusif à la force, refoulement, expulsion collective, privation arbitraire de liberté) et inactions (refus de coordonner un sauvetage ou de coopérer au débarquement des rescapés dans un lieu sûr) de certains États dans cet espace constituent une grave méconnaissance des droits de l’Homme, du droit des réfugiés et du droit relatif à la sauvegarde de la vie humaine en mer. Le comportement des acteurs privés du monde maritime peut également se révéler préjudiciable au migrant en détresse, rescapé ou passager clandestin. Le constat ainsi dressé impose de réfléchir à la manière d’assurer la jouissance et l’exercice effectifs des droits du migrant en mer. À cet égard, la présente thèse se propose de résoudre des problématiques insuffisamment ou non appréhendées par le droit positif : elles concernent la teneur et la portée du droit fondamental d’émigrer appliqué à l’espace maritime, la question de la licéité d’un refus de débarquement opposé à un migrant rescapé, ou encore l’incapacité apparente des juridictions supranationales à contrôler les pratiques d’États européens qui tentent de diluer leur responsabilité à l’égard du migrant en mer dans celle d’États tiers
While “spontaneous” migratory flows are on the increase since the beginning of the 21st century, the sea has become the scene of a humanitarian drama that seems endless. On all the European seaboards, the deaths or disappearances of migrants remain frequent due to extreme transport conditions, most often linked to the smuggling in which they are the object, or dangerous maneuvers carried out during their boarding. In addition to the risk of losing their life at sea, there are repeated attacks on the dignity and freedom of the migrant attributable to certain coastal States of departure and destination which seek to interrupt his navigation, including when he requires international protection. The fight against irregular immigration or organized crime constitutes a legitimate reason for interception under the international law of the sea; however, the actions (abusive use of force, refoulement, collective expulsion, arbitrary deprivation of liberty) and inactions (refusal to coordinate a rescue or to cooperate in the disembarkation of the survivors in a place of safety) of some states in this space constitute a serious disregard for human rights, refugee law and the law relating to the safeguard of human life in sea. The behavior of private users of the sea can also be detrimental to migrants in distress, survivors or stowaways. This observation requires to think about how to ensure the effective enjoyment and exercise of the rights of migrants at sea. In this respect, the thesis proposes to resolve issues that are insufficiently or not apprehended by positive law and which concern the content and scope of the fundamental right to emigrate applied to the maritime space, the question of the legality of a refusal to disembark opposed to a surviving migrant, or the apparent inability of supranational jurisdictions to control the practices of European States which attempt to dilute their responsibility with regard to the migrant at sea in that of third States
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Villavicencio, Ríos Alfredo. "The right to work: transition from free dismissal to guaranteed constitutional right." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2013. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/116195.

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After presenting the evolution of labor stability law in Peru, public and private scopes of the right to work are described allowing the Constitutional Court redefine dismissal regime (working stability of exit), in general, and specifying temporary recruitment regime (working stability of entry). Redefinition of dismissal legal framework is analyzed from constitutional and judicial case law stressing solved and pending issues.
Tras presentar la evolución del derecho de estabilidad laboral en el Perú, se precisan los alcances públicos y privados del derecho al trabajo, que permitieron al Tribunal Constitucional redefinir el régimen del despido (estabilidad laboral de salida), en general, y comenzar a precisar el régimen de contratación temporal (estabilidad laboral de entrada). Se analiza la redefinición del marco jurídico del despido a partir de la jurisprudencia constitucional y judicial, poniendo en relieve los temas resueltos y los pendientes.
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Obenius, Hedvig, Evelina Svensson, and Lindgren Emma Wedin. "The Principle of Non-Discrimination and Undocumented Migrant's Right to Health Care in Sweden - Legal and Political Challenges." Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21706.

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The principle of non-discrimination is recognised as vital to the human rights field. In May 2013 the Swedish parliament passed a law that provides undocumented migrants the same limited health care as asylum seekers. In relation, the Swedish Red Cross in a partnership with Malmö University created and distributed a questionnaire amongst Swedish politicians, that in part pertains to this law and also the situation of undocumented migrants’ right to health care.In applying the perspective of non-discrimination, legal challenges to undocumented migrants’ access to health care in Sweden, and the political attitudes surrounding this issue are duly examined. This produces the observation that the non-discrimination principle’s application is of relevant use. In concluding that the legislation examined fails to meet international standards regarding the principle of non-discrimination and the right to health care for undocumented migrants, it provides examples to illustrate that this conclusion is not necessarily representative of the views held by the selected group of politicians included in the twofold questionnaire study.
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MELLO, BERNARDO CARVALHO DE. "NEMO TENETUR SE DETEGERE PRINCIPLE: PRIVILEGE AGAINST SELF-INCRIMINATION AND RIGHT TO SILENCE IN THE CONSTITUTIONAL CRIMINAL PROCEDURAL ORDER." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2018. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=36159@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
COORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTITUIÇÕES COMUNITÁRIAS DE ENSINO PARTICULARES
O princípio nemo tenetur se detegere, em seu duplo aspecto vedação à autoincriminação e direito ao silêncio, é uma conquista civilizatória das sociedades democráticas. A importância do princípio, muitas vezes não explicitada nas discussões sobre a constitucionalidade dos institutos e leis, é de tamanha monta que, conjuntamente com o princípio da presunção de inocência, forma a base axiológica de todo o sistema processual penal democrático. Contudo, o poder Estatal, diante do apelo popular e em resposta aos altos índices de criminalidade e episódios notórios de corrupção no Brasil tem, nos últimos tempos, a partir de uma continuidade cronológica de legislações, relativizado ou erodido os sustentáculos do princípio nemo tenetur se detegere. Tal postura Estatal consubstancia o que na criminologia se denomina de direito penal do inimigo, que servirá de substrato teórico para explicar o porquê do fenômeno de hipercriminalização e recrudescimento Estatal. A pesquisa visa, portanto, reafirmar o valor do nemo tenetur se detegere, acentuando os casos em que está a sofrer ataques e oferecer, a partir de pesquisa doutrinária e da análise jurisprudencial nacional e estrangeira, possíveis salvaguardas ao princípio com vistas a garantir que o processo penal brasileiro continue a respeitar os direitos individuais inerentes a uma ordem constitucional de fato e não meramente de direito.
The principle nemo tenetur se detegere, in its double aspect privilege against self-incrimination and right to silence, is a civilizational conquest of democratic societies. The importance of this principle, which is often not made explicit in the discussions on the constitutionality of institutes and laws, is so significant that, together with the principle of presumption of innocence, forms the axiological basis of the entire democratic criminal procedural system. However, the State power, in the face of popular appeal and in response to high crime rates and notorious episodes of corruption in Brazil, has recently, from a chronological continuity of legislation, relativized or eroded the pillars of the nemo tenetur se detegere principle. This state posture consubstantiates what in criminology is called the criminal law of the enemy, which will serve as a theoretical substrate to explain the phenomenon of hypercriminalization and State recrudescence. The aim of the research is to reaffirm the value of the nemo tenetur, to highlight the cases in which it is under attack and to offer possible safeguards to the principle, based on jurisprudencial research and national and foreign case analysis, with a view to ensuring that the Brazilian criminal proceeding continues to respect the individual rights inherent in a constitutional order of fact and not merely law.
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Tambwe, Giteya. "The impact of the engagement principle on the right to have access to adequate housing : from reasonableness to engagement." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/64756.

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The adjudication of socio-economic rights has brought a new dimension in the South African legal landscape, and Courts, especially the Constitutional Court, which have been entrusted with the mandate of giving effect to the rights enshrined in the Bill of Rights. In its attempt to fulfil this constitutional mandate, the Constitutional Court has to devise remedies that give relief to rights infringements; meaningful engagement is one such remedy. Since its inception in thePort Elizabeth case, meaningful engagement has become a conditio sine qua none in the litigation of claims that involve housing rights. Meaningful engagement has been applied subsequently both as a requirement and as a remedy in many cases, even in claims involving the right to education. This dissertation seeks to evaluate the impact that the principle of meaningful engagement has had on the progressive realisation of the right to have access to adequate housing as entrenched in Section 26 of the Constitution.
Mini Dissertation (LLM)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
Public Law
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Alshammari, Yahya. "The promotion of the right of self-determination in international law and the impact of the principle of non-interference." Thesis, Brunel University, 2014. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/9199.

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This dissertation presents an analytical study of the evolution of the right of political selfdetermination and the influence of the principle of non-interference on promotion of this right. The intellectual and legal interests in democracy, good governance and social justice have contributed to the development of this right and its realisation for peoples lacking the least degree of good governance. The right of political self-determination is strongly associated with international intervention because governments facing popular demands for this right often resort to repression and military means to suppress such claims. Such interventions have also been driven by contemporary interest in supporting collective rights through international organisations that monitor and identify violations of various political rights. Thus, this dissertation focuses on the tension between the principle of non-interference and the modern legal trend to promote the political rights of all peoples. This research contributes considerable insights into the transformation of the principle of non-interference from an absolute obligation into a flexible concept by tracing the contributing legal changes both in international practices and in emerging rules and principles in international law. It is concluded that the promotion of the right of self-determination has resulted in international practices that have dramatically influenced and caused tension with the principle of noninterference. Keywords: right of political self-determination, democracy, statehood, the principle of noninterference, international intervention, sovereignty.
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Baranauskienė, Vita. "Viešumo principas baudžiamojo proceso teisėje." Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2006. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2006~D_20060331_113542-75948.

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The work analyses the principle of publicity of judicial proceedings as established in both international and national legislation.The content of the principle of publicity is defined and its components are identified,i.e.the open hearing,the pasing and pronouncing of a sentence at the hearing,the publicity and accessibility of a case file,and the publication of the court decisions.The exceptions from the principle of publicity related to the criminal acts committed by minors,protection of private life of the participants in the proceedings,and witnesses or suffered parties to whom anonymity is applied, are examined in greater detail.
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Books on the topic "Principle of Right"

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The ethics of cosmology: Natural right and the rediscovery of design. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 2012.

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Akkermans, Bram. The principle of numerus clausus in European property law. Antwerp: Intersentia, 2008.

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Akkermans, Bram. The principle of numerus clausus in European property law. Antwerp: Intersentia, 2008.

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Maastrichts Europees Instituut voor Transnationaal Rechtswetenschappelijk Onderzoek., ed. The principle of numerus clausus in European property law. Antwerp: Intersentia, 2008.

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Ann, Turrisi Patricia, ed. Pragmatism as a principle and method of right thinking: The 1903 Harvard lectures on pragmatism. Albany: State University of New York Press, 1997.

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The ETTO principle: Efficiency-thoroughness trade-off : why things that go right sometimes go wrong. Burlington, VT: Ashgate, 2009.

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Chan, Joseph Man. Education and principle-based opinion: A study of the right of abode controversy in Hong Kong. Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong: Hong Kong Institute of Asia-Pacific Studies, the Chinese University of Hong Kong, 2000.

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Borden, Merritt William. Coping with life the principle way: A plain-English common sense approach to solving the problems of everyday living. Eugene, Or: Diogenes' Pub. Co., 1988.

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Canada. Dept. of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. and Tungavik Federation of Nunavut, eds. Agreement-in-principle between the Inuit of the Nunavut settlement area and Her Majesty in Right of Canada. Ottawa: Indian Affairs and Northern Development, 1990.

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The God hypothesis: Discovering design in our "just right" Goldilocks universe. Lanham, Md: Rowman & Littlefield, 2002.

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Book chapters on the topic "Principle of Right"

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Mourdoukoutas, Panos, and George J. Siomkos. "Principle 3: Target the Right Group." In The Seven Principles of WOM and Buzz Marketing, 27–39. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02109-1_4.

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Mourdoukoutas, Panos, and George J. Siomkos. "Principle 4: Create the Right Message." In The Seven Principles of WOM and Buzz Marketing, 41–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02109-1_5.

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Mourdoukoutas, Panos, and George J. Siomkos. "Principle 5: Find the Right Context." In The Seven Principles of WOM and Buzz Marketing, 51–60. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02109-1_6.

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Bioy, Xavier. "Judicial Independence: Constitutional Principle or Human Right?" In Judicial Power in a Globalized World, 63–73. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-20744-1_4.

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Timmerman, Brent D. "CI Principle #12: Solve the Right Problem." In Starting Lean from Scratch, 315–21. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Productivity Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429196867-71.

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Whalen, Christian. "Article 16: The Right to Protection of Privacy." In Monitoring State Compliance with the UN Convention on the Rights of the Child, 93–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84647-3_11.

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AbstractThis chapter provides a brief overview of article 16 of the UN Convention on the rights of the child and of its legislative history as outlined in the Travaux Préparatoires. It outlines the principle threats to children’s privacy today and summarizes the substantive content of Article 16, particularly in relation to the General Principles of child rights in Articles 2, 3, 6, and 12, as well as the nexus between the right to privacy and several other rights of children under the Convention as well as other international human rights instruments. It then puts forward four main attributes of the child’s right to privacy as aspects of the right which State Parties should monitor as a means of measuring the effective implementation of Article 16. The essential attributes of Article 16 and the child’s right to privacy are State protection against: (1) interference with privacy; (2) interference with family, home or correspondence; (3) unlawful attacks upon honour and reputation; and (4) protection of the law against unlawful interference or attacks.
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Tryzna, Jan. "Is the principle of legal certainty a human right?" In The Philosophy of Legal Change, 234–49. Abingdon, Oxon ; New York, NY : Routledge, 2020.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429504709-16.

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de Almeida, Guido Antônio. "On Kant’s “Universal Principle” and “Universal Law of Right”." In Law and Peace in Kant’s Philosophy, 171–82. Berlin, New York: Walter de Gruyter, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110210347.4.171.

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Sadurski, Wojciech. "The “Right/Good” Distinction, the Harm Principle, and Liberal Neutrality." In Moral Pluralism and Legal Neutrality, 89–131. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-1928-0_4.

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Timmerman, Brent D. "CI Principle #6: Choose the Right People for an Event." In Starting Lean from Scratch, 291–96. New York, NY : Routledge, 2019.: Productivity Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429196867-65.

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Conference papers on the topic "Principle of Right"

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Gribonika, Ērika. "Tiešuma jēdzieniskā izpratne un nozīme kriminālprocesā." In Latvijas Universitātes 80. starptautiskā zinātniskā konference. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/juzk.80.27.

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The principle of immediacy falls within the scope of the right to a fair trial. It is specific only to the trial stage of criminal proceedings and is considered as one of the guiding principles for ensuring respect for human rights during the trial stage of the criminal proceedings. Considering the importance of the principle of immediacy, the concept of “immediacy” is being analysed in the current article. It is designed as a doctrinal study and structured into two parts. The first part seeks to answer the descriptive question: what is the meaning and scope of the term “immediacy” in criminal proceedings? The second part outlines the limits of the principle of immediacy and the guiding motives used to determine them.
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Mrčela, Marin. "ADVERSARIAL PRINCIPLE, THE EQUALITY OF ARMS AND CON FRONTATIONAL RIGHT – EUROPEAN COURT OF HUMAN RIGHTS RECENT JURISPRUDENCE." In PROCEDURAL ASPECTS OF EU LAW. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/6519.

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Barın, Nurgül Emine. "Principle of Interpretation in Favor of the Insuree in Turkish Social Security Law." In International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c07.01754.

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One of the major problems encountered in the implementation of the rule of law is in the absence of the meaning of law or what it wants to tell is not clearly defined, the true meaning is revealed through interpretation. In labor law and social security law; Although the review will benefit from the rules for the common law, workers-interpretation in favor of the insuree is effective. This policy is considered as one of the fundamental policies of the Labour and Social Security Law. Located between the basic policies of business law, the protection of the workers, which is a consequence of the interpretation in favor of the insuree policy, shows itself in the form of interpretation in favor of the insuree in the social security law. One factor for necessity of supporting interpretation in favor of the insuree is, social security right is among the basic human rights. In particular, the interpretation of legislation related to the social security right by constitutional guarantee, it is important to keep in mind this basic policy. The overall purpose of the social security law is to benefit from this right by more people, namely the expansion of the scope. In this study, the place of interpretation in favor of the insuree and limitations related to this interpretation will be examined in the light of samples of Supreme Court Decisions and regarding substance of the Constitution and laws.
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Jiang, Longfei, and Zheyi Peng. "Perfection of Legal System of Social Relief Right of Chinese Citizens-Determination of Legislative Principle of Social Relief Right." In International Conference on Education Innovation and Social Science (ICEISS 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceiss-17.2017.87.

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Chew, Kim Mey, Ching Yee Yong, Rubita Sudirman, and Nasrul Humaimi Mahmood. "Left and right hand gesture classification using scatter diagram and Principle Component Analysis." In 2012 IEEE EMBS Conference on Biomedical Engineering and Sciences (IECBES 2012). IEEE, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iecbes.2012.6498182.

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Preložnjak, Barbara. "IMPACT OF COVID CRISIS ON CHILD’S RIGHT TO EDUCATION." In EU 2021 – The future of the EU in and after the pandemic. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/18320.

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The right to education is regulated by norms of many international and regional documents. It includes many rights and plays an important role in the "all-round development of man" and its scope: physical, emotional, ethical, aesthetic, intellectual, professional, civic and international. The right to education is not the exclusive right of children. It is first and foremost the right of children and is essential for children's development. Therefore, it is generally accepted that educational opportunities should be equal for children. Unfortunately, the right to education has been severely curtailed in a short period of time due to the COVID -19 pandemic. According to UNESCO, 191 countries have temporarily closed national or local schools to contain the spread of COVID -19. This has resulted in school-age children being unable to receive basic education. This situation is particularly difficult for children from dysfunctional or disadvantaged families. Some families do not have internet, computers or books. Some parents cannot help them with homework because of educational or language limitations. All these unequal educational opportunities limit schooling. On the way to eliminate inequality in access to education and protect children from rights violations, the author will discuss whether Rawls' principle of fairness provides a good basis for the government to take action to eliminate unequal opportunities for education.
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Xu, Yufeng. "Comparison Principle and Solution Bound of Fractional Differential Equations." In ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-46223.

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The comparison principle of fractional differential equations is discussed in this paper. We obtain two kinds of comparison principle which are related to the functions in the right hand side of equations, and the order of fractional derivative, respectively. By using the comparison principle, the boundedness of fractional Lorenz system and fractional Lorenz-like system are studied numerically. Numerical simulations are carried out which demonstrate our theoretical analysis.
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Gu, Xiang. "Discussion on the Antinomy Principle of Real Right From the Perspective of the Absolute Nature of Real Right and Good Faith Acquisition." In 2015 International Conference on Economics, Management, Law and Education. Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/emle-15.2015.80.

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Mihelčić, Gabrijela. "ZAŠTITA PRIVATNOSTI I LIČNIH PODATAKA OD STRANE TRGOVACA KOD ELEKTRONSKE TRGOVINE." In 14 Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xivmajsko.951m.

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The author analyses the category (principle) of proportionality that appears as a corrective in the jurisprudence of the European Court of Human Rights and of the European Court of Justice when it comes to possible forms of protecting the enforcement debtor moving out of his real estate. The starting point is the requirement to achieve the fair balance between the interests of the enforcement debtor and the enforcement creditor, and the features related to this issue are presented in relation to the protection of the right to respect for home, the right to peaceful enjoyment of property and the protection of consumers from unfair contractual provisions.
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Janković, Jelena. "Načelo humanosti kao osnov budućnosti uslužne ekonomije." In XVI Majsko savetovanje. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/upk20.053j.

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Leading by the the fact that the exploitation of modern means of digital communication and e-commerce greatly affects the quality of service activities, the paper analyzes the principle of humanity as one of the basic principles on which the service economy should be based. Thanks to the application of the principle of humanity in service activities, the service user becomes an active member of the service relationship, a person with full capacity of rights and freedoms, who participates in the service relationship as an subject, not as an object. This ensures the preservation of the self-esteem of the service user who becomes an active participant in the service relationship, with his / her own thoughts, behaviors, feelings, needs, and who is able to take his / hers place in the puzzle of the humane service economy. The paper gives a brief analysis of the situation in the services sector, as well as possible directions for strengthening the capacity of the workforce, in order to make a step towards the future of the service economy. Finally, the paper proposes the standardization of the principle of humane treatment of the service user, which makes sure the humane character of the service industry and the right of the service user to humane treatment. Of course, every conclusion should be taken with caution. However, the importance of the principle of humanity should be taken in consideration.
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Reports on the topic "Principle of Right"

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Rohwerder, Brigitte. The Right to Protection of Forcibly Displaced Persons During the Covid-19 Pandemic. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), August 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ids.2021.052.

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The unprecedented shutdown of borders and restrictions on migration in response to the Covid-19 pandemic have put the core principles of refugee protection to test and resulted in the erosion of the right to asylum and violations of the principle of non-refoulment (no one should be returned to a country where they would face torture; cruel, inhuman or degrading treatment; or punishment and other irreparable harm). Covid-19 is being used by some governments as an excuse to block people from the right to seek asylum and implement their nationalist agendas of border closures and anti-immigration policies.
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Idris, Iffat. LGBT Rights and Inclusion in Small Island Developing States (SIDS). Institute of Development Studies (IDS), February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.067.

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This review looks at the extent to which LGBT rights are provided for under law in a range of Small Island Developing States (SIDS), and the record on implementation/enforcement, as well as approaches to promote LGBT rights and inclusion. SIDS covered are those in the Caribbean, Pacific, and Atlantic-Indian Ocean-South China Sea (AIS) regions. The review draws on a mixture of grey literature (largely from international development agencies/NGOs), academic literature, and media reports. While the information on the legal situation of LGBT people in SIDS was readily available, there was far less evidence on approaches/programmes to promote LGBT rights/inclusion in these countries. However, the review did find a number of reports with recommendations for international development cooperation generally on LGBT issues. Denial of LGBT rights and discrimination against LGBT people is found to varying extents in all parts of the world. It is important that LGBT people have protection in law, in particular the right to have same-sex sexual relations; protection from discrimination on the grounds of sexual orientation; and the right to gender identity/expression. Such rights are also provided for under international human rights conventions such as the Universal Declaration of Human Rights, while the Sustainable Development Goals are based on the principle of ‘leave no one behind'.
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Mazurkiewicz, Marek. ECMI Minorities Blog. German minority as hostage and victim of populist politics in Poland. European Centre for Minority Issues, February 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53779/fhta5489.

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On 4 February 2022, the Polish Journal of Laws published a new ordinance of the Minister of Education and Science, implementing cuts in the funding of education of German as a minority language. Consequently, the hourly length of such lessons will be significantly reduced. This regulation applies exclusively to the German minority, and the official motive for introducing discriminatory measures is to improve the situation of Polish diaspora in Germany. This is the first time after 1989 when the Polish state authorities introduce a law limiting the rights of Poland’s citizens belonging to a national minority (in this situation children), as a retaliation for the alleged situation of a kin-community elsewhere. Importantly, the adopted regulations are not only discriminatory towards one of the minorities; their implementation may in fact contribute to the dysfunctionality of the entire minority education system in Poland. This is also an obvious violation of the constitutional principle of equality before the law, the right of minorities to ‘maintain and develop their own language’, international standards of minority rights protection, as well as a threat to the very functioning of human rights protection mechanisms in the country.
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Rejuvenate, Rejuvenate. Responding and Reflecting on Child Rights. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), November 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/rejuvenate.2021.001.

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The series of Rejuvenate dialogues are intended to foster debate across a community of practice working on child and youth rights. Our first dialogue examined the principles that can help support child and youth-centred research and community development. During the dialogue, we highlighted two key REJUVENATE principles: the importance of relationships, and the energy that young people can contribute to building new visions of the future. We met online on 14th September 2021. Presenters and participants joined from around the world, reflecting the diversity and breadth of experience in the field. We invited reflection on what the REJUVENATE principles get right, where they need to expand, and what they could improve on.
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Chester, Kemp L. Rights and Wrongs: Adopting Legitimacy as the Tenth Principle of War. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada394234.

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Perdigão, Rui A. P. Beyond Quantum Security with Emerging Pathways in Information Physics and Complexity. Synergistic Manifolds, June 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46337/220602.

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Information security and associated vulnerabilities have long been a pressing challenge, from the fundamental scientific backstage to the frontline across the most diverse sectors of society. At the tip of the iceberg of this problem, the citizens immediately feel that the reservation of privacy and the degradation of the quality and security of the information and communication on which they depend for the day-to-day activities, already of crucial relevance, are at stake. Naturally though, the challenges do not end there. There is a whole infrastructure for storing information, processing and communication, whose security and reliability depend on key sectors gearing modern society – such as emergency communication systems (medical, civil and environmental protection, among others), transportation and geographic information, the financial communications systems at the backbone of day-to-day transactions, the information and telecommunications systems in general. And crucially the entire defence ecosystem that in essence is a stalwart in preventing our civilisation to self-annihilate in full fulfilment of the second principle of thermodynamics. The relevance of the problem further encompasses the preservation of crucial values such as the right to information, security and integrity of democratic processes, internal administration, justice, defence and sovereignty, ranging from the well-being of the citizen to the security of the nation and beyond. In the present communication, we take a look at how to scientifically and technically empower society to address these challenges, with the hope and pragmatism enabled by our emerging pathways in information physics and complexity. Edging beyond classical and quantum frontiers and their vulnerabilities to unveil new principles, methodologies and technologies at the core of the next generation system dynamic intelligence and security. To illustrate the concepts and tools, rather than going down the road of engineered systems that we can ultimately control, we take aim at the bewildering complexity of nature, deciphering new secrets in the mathematical codex underlying its complex coevolutionary phenomena that so heavily impact our lives, and ultimately bringing out novel insights, methods and technologies that propel information physics and security beyond quantum frontiers.
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Ruff, Grigory, and Tatyana Sidorina. THE DEVELOPMENT MODEL OF ENGINEERING CREATIVITY IN STUDENTS OF MILITARY INSTITUTIONS. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, December 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/model_of_engineering_creativity.

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The troops of the national guard of the Russian Federation are equipped with modern models of weapons, special equipment, Informatization tools, engineering weapons that have artificial intelligence in their composition are being developed, " etc., which causes an increase in the requirements for the quality of professional training of future officers. The increasing complexity of military professional activities, the avalanche-like increase in information, the need to develop the ability to quickly and accurately make and implement well-known and own engineering solutions in an unpredictable military environment demonstrates that the most important tasks of modern higher education are not only providing graduates with a system of fundamental and special knowledge and skills, but also developing their professional independence, and this led to the concept of engineering and creative potential in the list of professionally important qualities of an officer. To expedite a special mechanism system compact intense clarity through cognitive visualization of the educational material, thickening of educational knowledge through encoding, consolidation and structuring Principle of cognitive visualization stems from the psychological laws in accordance with which the efficiency of absorption is increased if visibility in training does not only illustrative, but also cognitive function, which leads to active inclusion, along with the left and right hemispheres of the student in the process of assimilation of information, based on the use of logical and semantic modeling, which contributes to the development of engineering and creative potential.
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Jarrett, Kenneth. Profits or Principles? Clinton's 1994 Decision to Delink China's MFN Status and Human Rights. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, December 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada442614.

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Saunders, Joss. COVID-19 and Key Human Rights Principles in Practice: State obligations and business’ responsibilities in responding to the pandemic. Oxfam, August 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.21201/2020.6331.

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The COVID-19 pandemic is exacerbating existing human rights violations, and enabling others. However, it is also stimulating opportunities to further the human rights agenda. A robust framing is needed to hold duty bearers to account, and to help governments and communities to build back better. This paper provides an overview of the issues through the lens of 5 key human rights principles. It uses a human rights framing to assist governments, business and civil society to understand their obligations and ways they can help manage the impacts of the pandemic. This is an advance version of the paper for discussion. The paper will be revised to take account of comments and a final version will be published in the coming months.
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Carrión-Tavárez, Ángel, Luz N. Fernández-López, and Juan Lara. Free Market in Puerto Rico 2022. Institute for Economic Liberty, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/13584005.

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The general objective of this study was to assess the knowledge of the main principles of economic liberty and free market, and the affinity with them in Puerto Rico. A questionnaire was constructed and administered that included the dimensions “current situation,” “economic liberty,” “free market,” “individual liberty,” “rule of law,” “property rights,” “limited government,” “challenges of free market,” “moral agency,” “social welfare,” and “meritocracy.” In addition, a ranking of a series of principles of economic liberty and free market was created, according to their importance to participants and the functioning of those principles in Puerto Rico.
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