Relevant bibliographies by topics / Primary shools

Academic literature on the topic 'Primary shools'

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Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 February 2022

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Journal articles on the topic "Primary shools"

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Jansa, Petr, and Karel Kovář. "Selected determinants of the primary shools teachers lifestyle." Tělesná kultura 33, no. 1 (January 1, 2010): 57–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.5507/tk.2010.004.

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Eales, Connie, and Wendy de Paoli. "Early Entry and Advanced Placement of Talented Students in Primary and Secondary Shools." Gifted Education International 7, no. 3 (September 1991): 140–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026142949100700308.

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Erdei, Norbert. "Comparison study of student with special educational need in elementary school." Acta Agraria Debreceniensis, no. 58 (April 8, 2014): 71–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.34101/actaagrar/58/1975.

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The aim of this lecture is to observe the status of students with special educational needs (SEN) in Europe and Hungary. The European Union has made tough decisions in financing and educating disabled people, so they can be integrated into the society. According to the European directives, Hungarian jurisdiction and educational politics tend to follow the pedagogical processes. The relevant juridical and economical laws for SEN students have already been implemented. The number of students with SEN in Europe increases permanently, so it is reasonable to detect their controversy. Despite this fact, differences can be experienced in teaching methods among primary schools, as a result development of SEN students can be different. The aim of this study to compare the motor skills of SEN students in two different primary schools, with different pedagogical program. My research base were the Ferenc Móra primay school and Gyermekház alapítvány primary school in Budapest. My main question was, if a specially developed program targeted SEN students can increase their motor skills. Studying the girls in the 2 age-groups, we have not experienced significant differencies out of the 3 motor tests between the control and the experimental groups.Studying the boys in the 2 age-groups, we have experienced 3 significant differencies out of the 3 motor tests between the control and the experimental groups. SEN students, who have been taught in segregated form with the help of ’Alapozó Terápia’ – a special therapy – achieved better motor skills. The study makes recommendation to primary shools how to organise trainigs for these students.
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Budhdeo, Sanjay, Ramez A. Ibrahim, Monika Hofer, and Martin Gillies. "Primary intraosseous osteoblastic meningioma." JRSM Short Reports 2, no. 6 (June 2011): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/shorts.2011.011066.

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Paddock, Michael, Carolyn Lynch, and Lubomyr Paska. "Wegener's granulomatosis in primary care." JRSM Short Reports 1, no. 7 (December 2010): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/shorts.2010.010100.

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Serra, Marta, Antonio Arévalo, Cristina Ortega, Ana Ripoll, and Nuria Giménez. "Minor surgery activity in primary care." JRSM Short Reports 1, no. 4 (September 2010): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/shorts.2009.090035.

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Manjaly, Joseph G., Gillian Mt Watson, and Mary Jones. "Primary meningioma of the middle ear." JRSM Short Reports 2, no. 11 (November 2011): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/shorts.2011.011061.

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Pronisceva, Veronika, Nipin Bagla, Siddappa Lakshmaiah, and Elizabeth Sharp. "Rare presentation of primary coloduodenal fistula." JRSM Short Reports 3, no. 5 (May 2012): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/shorts.2011.011132.

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Shehzad, Khalid N., Amjid Riaz, and John Meyrick-Thomas. "Primary Aortoduodenal Fistula – A Rare Clinical Entity." JRSM Short Reports 1, no. 1 (June 2010): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1258/shorts.2009.090430.

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Wu, Xuan, Shuyin Liang, and David H. Byrne. "Heritability of Plant Architecture in Diploid Roses (Rosa spp.)." HortScience 54, no. 2 (February 2019): 236–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/hortsci13511-18.

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Plant architecture is a crucial trait in plant breeding because it is linked to crop yield. For ornamental crops such as roses, plant architecture is key for their aesthetic and economic value. In 2015, six rose plant architectural traits were evaluated on 2- to 3-year-old plants of F1 rose populations in May and December in College Station, TX, to estimate variability and heritability. The traits included plant height, the number of primary shoots, the length of primary shoots, the number of nodes on the primary shoot, the number of secondary shoots per primary shoot, and the number of tertiary shoots per primary shoot. Among these traits, plant height, the number of primary shoots, and the length of primary shoots showed a substantial amount of variability, whereas the number of secondary and tertiary shoots per primary shoot were skewed toward zero. Using a random effects model restricted maximum likelihood (REML) analysis, the architectural traits demonstrated low to moderate narrow-sense heritability (0.12–0.50) and low to high broad-sense heritability (0.34–0.92). Plant height and the number of primary shoots changed little after the first growth phase, whereas the other four traits were affected greatly by the genotype-by-environment (growth phase) interaction.
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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Primary shools"

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Ashleigh, Douglas Anthony, and res cand@acu edu au. "A Study of Successful Implementation and Management of Educational Technology in Three New South Wales Primary Schools." Australian Catholic University. School of Educational Leadership, 2005. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp71.25092005.

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The main purpose of this dissertation is to analyse why three New South Wales primary schools were successful in implementing and managing educational technology. Responding to this research focus four specific questions were considered: Why have these schools been successful in implementing and managing educational technology? What factors have helped and/or hindered the successful implementation and management of educational technology within the selected schools? What are the indicators of successful implementation of educational technology? What were the particular contributions of leadership to the successful implementation and management of educational technology within the selected schools? This qualitative research study is based on the assumption that valuable data are gathered by studying schools that have been successful with the implementation and management of technology. In particular, the study provided a description and analysis of the best practice in three New South Wales Primary schools that had successfully implemented and managed educational technology. An interactive and cyclical process of data analysis was employed with data collection, data analysis and theory development proceeding simultaneously. To reduce and display data gathered from in-depth interviews, document study and non- participant observation the qualitative data analysis program QSR NUD*IST was utilised. The development and validation of the study’s conceptual framework shaped the study leading to the formulation of the SupportIF Model of Implementation. This model posits that success with implementation and management of educational technology is closely related to the level of interdependence between the implementation factors. The study results also endorsed the prime importance of a supportive work environment in each of the studied schools and linked this environment to the level of success realised with the implementation and management of technology and the utilisation of educational technology to enhance the achievement of student learning outcomes. The study contends that the sustainability of a school based technology initiative rests with a school’s ability to dynamically balance the key implementation factors and to redesign in light of shared practice. Tantamount to this process is a supportive work environment in each school which is the critical variable that facilitates interdependence between leadership, resources, relationships and teaching and learning factors.
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Dry, P. R. "Primary bud-axis necrosis of grapevines /." Title page, contents and summary only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09A/09ad798.pdf.

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Field, Eilis Ann Marie. "Small primary schools : should we have faith in theoir leadership?: An exploration of servant leadership in small Catholic primary schools." Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.521490.

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SANTOS, RONISE FERREIRA DOS. "SOCIAL DESIGN AND DISTRIBUTED PRODUCTION OF MEDIUM COMPLEXITY PRIMARY CARE PRODUCTS: THE CASE OF SCHOLAR SHOES." PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2015. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=26700@1.

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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO
CONSELHO NACIONAL DE DESENVOLVIMENTO CIENTÍFICO E TECNOLÓGICO
Sob a perspectiva do design social, esta tese desenvolveu um sistema de projetação e produção distribuída (SPPD) que congrega a indústria e os meios de produção local como solução para a produção e distribuição de produtos (basicamente de segurança, higiene, proteção da saúde, auxilio na vida diária. vestuário, educação e lazer) de média complexidade para atenção básica em territórios diversos. A pesquisa iniciou pela revisão teórica sobre a dimensão da inovação tecnológica social (ITS) e as estratégias do design social para a formação de rede de atores sob a lógica da THDS (Tríplice Hélice Dupla complementares para a sustentabilidade). Na sequência, foi realizada uma investigação sobre as experiências projetuais do design social, brasileiras e holandesas, e as do movimento de tecnologia social no Brasil. Por fim, foi desenvolvido o SPPD que visa a união de empresas e artesãos para produção territorializada de forma a atender suas demandas utilizando recursos locais e assim impulsionar o desenvolvimento local. O SPPD valoriza a atuação governamental ou de agentes sociais como impulsionador da demanda, e depende da constituição de um capital social e produtivo com agentes locais, que se mostrou o maior desafio do sistema. Quando aplicado ao calçado escolar, o SPPD evidenciou o papel crucial do designer para atender os parâmetros da projetação e produção distribuída em função das particularidades de cada local.
From the perspective of social design, this thesis developed a designing and distributed manufacturing system (DDMS) that gathers industry and local tasks (crafts) as a solution for the manufacturing and distribution of products (basically of safety, hygiene, health protection, assistance daily, clothing, education and leisure) of medium complexity for basic care in different territories. The research started by the theoretical review of the social dimension of technological innovation (STI) and strategies of social design for the network structure of players under the logic of THDs (Triple Helix Twin to sustainability). Following these, an investigation was carried out about Brazilian and Dutch social design experiences, as well as movement of social technology in Brazil. In the end, it was developed the DDMS aiming at the union of companies and craftsmen to implement a territorialized production in order to meeting their demands using local resources and thus achieve local development. The DDMS values governmental action or social actors as demand drivers, and depends on the creation of social capital and manufacturing group with local actors, which proved to be the biggest challenge system. When applied to the scholar shoes issue, DDMS highlighted the crucial role of the designer to meeting the designing requirements and distributed manufacturing According to circumstances of each local.
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Yang, Weonho. "Macroeconomic effects of fiscal policy." Thesis, Brunel University, 2013. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/7629.

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The interest in the use of fiscal policy as an effective economic policy tool has been revived recently, since the global recession of 2008 hit the world. In spite of a large empirical literature, there remains substantial uncertainty about the size and even the direction of the effects of discretionary fiscal policy. This thesis seeks to investigate the macroeconomic effects of discretionary fiscal policy in the short term, highlighting several methodologies for identifying discretionary fiscal policy. In Chapters 2 and 3, we suggest a new instrument based on the narrative approach for identifying exogenous government spending shocks: natural disaster damages and the subsequent government emergency spending. While applying our methodology to the Korean and the U.S data, we find that our instrument is not only powerful but also superior to military build-ups used by most of the literature. The relief expenditure in the wake of natural disaster has several advantages such as the similarity in scope to general government activity and the easy applicability beyond the U.S. compared to military build-ups. In the analysis of Korean fiscal policy, using our narrative method and the Structural Vector Autoregression (SVAR) model, we find that government spending shocks increase GDP, consumption, and real wage, which is in line with the New Keynesian model. We also find that the timing is crucial in identifying government spending shocks due to the anticipation effects of fiscal policy. Furthermore, while analyzing the U.S. fiscal policy both at the state as well as national level, we estimate two kinds of non-defense spending multipliers: federal (1.4~1.7) and state (1.5~2.5), which exceed the defense spending multiplier obtained in the literature using military building-ups. In Chapter 4, in regard to the study of effects of fiscal adjustment, we develop the approach based on changes in cyclically adjusted primary balance (CAPB) by including fluctuations of asset price in the CAPB measure and allowing for individual country heterogeneity in the definition of fiscal adjustment. Using our new CAPB in 20 OECD countries, we find that fiscal adjustments have contractionary effects on economic activity in the short term, which is consistent with the result based on the narrative approach. Nevertheless, our results suggest that fiscal adjustments that rely predominantly on spending cuts are less contractionary than those involving tax increases.
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Mellifont, Kerri Anne. "The derivative imperative : how should Australian criminal trial courts treat evidence deriving from illegally or improperly obtained evidence?" Queensland University of Technology, 2007. http://eprints.qut.edu.au/16388/.

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How should Australian criminal trial courts treat evidence deriving from illegally or improperly obtained evidence? The fact that derivative evidence gives rise to factors distinct from primary evidence makes it deserving of an examination of its peculiarities. In doing so, the assumption may be put aside that derivative evidence falls wholly within the established general discourse of illegally or improperly obtained evidence. Just as the judicial response to primary evidence must be intellectually rigorous, disciplined and principled, so must be the response to derivative evidence. As such, a principled analysis of how Australian courts should approach derivative evidence can significantly contribute to the discourse on the law with respect to the exclusion of illegally or improperly obtained evidence. This thesis provides that principled analysis by arguing that the principles which underpin and inform the discretionary exclusionary frameworks within Australia require an approach which is consistent as between illegally obtained derivative evidence and illegally obtained primary evidence.
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Meddah, Hayette. "On the choice of exchange rate regimes : the case of primary commodity exporting countries." Thesis, Lyon 2, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010LYO22019.

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La première partie de la thèse se compose d'une recherche empirique visant à examiner si les producteurs de produits primaires s'adaptent mieux après un choc d'offre sous un régime de taux de change flottant. À l'aide d'un modèle VAR, j'ai trouvé que les régimes de taux de change flexible n'effectuent pas mieux à isoler l'économie des chocs externes. Par conséquent, la deuxième partie de la thèse vise à établir ou non si les régimes de taux de change fournissent certains avantages pour les pays exportateurs de produits primaires tels que le fait d'attirer les investissements directs a l'étranger. À l'aide de différentes estimations économétriques, les résultats montrent que les régimes de taux de change influencent les investissements directs à l'étranger et en particulier, les régimes de change fixes plutôt que les régimes plus flexibles
The first part of dissertation consists of an empirical research aiming at investigating whether primary commodity producers perform better after a real shock with floating exchange rate regimes. Using a VAR model I found that flexible exchange rate regimes do not perform better at insulating the output from external shocks. Therefore, the second part of the dissertation aims at establishing whether or not exchange rate regimes provide certain benefit for those countries such as attracting foreign direct investments. Using panel data estimation techniques, I found that exchange rate regimes matters in attracting FDI and in particular fixed regimes rather than flexible regimes
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Bekker, Francette. "The provision of healthy food in a school tuck shop : does it influence Bloemfontein primary school learners’ perceptions, attitudes and behaviour towards healthy eating." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71694.

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Thesis (MNutr)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction and Objectives: Schools can serve as a supportive environment for the promotion of healthy eating in order to prevent childhood overweight and obesity and the development of noncommunicable diseases such as cardiovascular diseases, type 2 diabetes mellitus, fatty liver disease, muscoskeletal disorders and some cancers. Tuck shops at schools often offer unhealthy items that are energy dense and high in fat and/or sugar with a low content of vitamins, minerals and dietary fibre. The availability of unhealthy items in tuck shops prevents learners from making healthy food choices, since children tend to choose unhealthy foods when given a choice. In addition to unhealthy items offered by tuck shops, learners also bring unhealthy items to school in their lunchboxes. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of a nutritionally-regulated tuck shop on primary school learners’ perceptions, attitudes and behaviour towards healthy eating in a Bloemfontein, Afrikaans medium, co-education primary school, and compare it to learners of a school with a conventional tuck shop. Methods: In a cross-sectional survey with an analytical component, grade 2 to 7 learners in a school with a nutritionally-regulated tuck shop (n=116) and a school with a conventional tuck shop (n=141) completed a questionnaire. Six learners per grade also took part in focus group discussions. Questions related to lunchbox contents and perceptions, attitudes and behaviour towards the tuck shop and healthy eating. Nutritional information of the items available for purchase at each of the school tuck shops was collected. Results: The lunchboxes of learners in the school with a nutritionally-regulated tuck shop contained significantly (p<0.05) more healthy items (fruit, water and muffins), as well as significantly more unhealthy items (sweets and chips). The items offered by the nutritionally-regulated tuck shop contained approximately half the kilojoules compared to items offered by the conventional tuck shop. Learners in the school with a nutritionally-regulated tuck shop liked certain fruits and vegetables significantly (p<0.05) more than learners in the school with a conventional tuck shop. Statistical significant differences (p<0.05) between different grades and gender showed that grade 2 learners in both schools had a less positive attitude towards certain fruit and vegetables compared to the older learners, while girls in both schools were more positive towards certain fruits and vegetables compared to boys. Younger learners had a more positive attitude towards their nutritionally-regulated tuck shop than older learners. In both schools learners had similar perceptions regarding the particular school’s tuck shop and healthy eating. Conclusion: The hypothesis that learners in a school with a nutritionally-regulated tuck shop have positive attitudes, perceptions and behaviour towards healthy eating was rejected. The availability of healthier items in a school tuck shop had a positive influence on certain behaviours and attitudes of learners, but the potential value of controlling the type of items available for purchase at schools might be counteracted by lunchbox contents, certain fixed eating patterns, perceptions of learners and previous exposure to a conventional tuck shop. Recommendations include a multi-pronged approach such as the Health Promoting Schools concept.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding en doelwitte: Skole bied ‘n omgewing waar goeie eetgewoontes bevorder kan word ten einde oorgewig en vetsug in kinders te voorkom, asook die ontwikkeling van nie-oordraagbare siektes soos kardiovaskulêre siektes, tipe-2 diabetes mellitus, lewervervetting sindroom, ortopediese komplikasies en sekere soorte kanker. Snoepies in skole voorsien meestal ongesonde items met ‘n hoë energie, vet- en/of suikerinhoud en wat laag is in vitamiene, minerale en dieetvesel. Die beskikbaarheid van ongesonde items in snoepies verhoed dat leerders gesonde voelselkeuses uitoefen, omdat kinders geneig is om voorkeur aan ongesonde kos te gee as hulle 'n keuse gebied word. Benewens die ongesonde items wat snoepies aanbied, neem leerders boonop ongesonde kos in hul kosblikke skooltoe. Die doel van die studie was om by 'n Afrikaans dubbelmedium laerskool in Bloemfontein die invloed van ‘n voedingkundig-gereguleerde snoepie op leerders se persepsies, houdings en gedrag teenoor gesonde eetgewoontes te ondersoek en te vergelyk met leerders in 'n skool met 'n konvensionele snoepie. Metodes: In ‘n deursnit-opname met ‘n analitiese komponent, het graad 2 tot 7 leerders in ‘n skool met ‘n voedingkundig-gereguleerde snoepie (n=116) en ‘n skool met ‘n konvensionele snoepie (n=141), ‘n vraelys ingevul. Ses leerders in elke graad in elk van die skole het ook aan fokusgroepbesprekings deelgeneem. Vrae het oor die inhoud van kosblikke, asook persepsies, houding en gedrag teenoor die snoepie en gesonde eetgewoontes, gehandel. Voedingsinligting rakende die items wat in elk van die skole se snoepies verkoop word, is ook ingesamel. Resultate: Die kosblikke van leerders in ‘n skool met ‘n voedingkundig-gereguleerde snoepie het statisties beduidend (p<0.05) meer gesonde items bevat (vrugte, water en muffins), maar ook beduidend meer ongesonde items (lekkergoed en aartappelskyfies). Voedsel-items wat in die voedingkundig-gereguleerde snoepie beskikbaar was, het omtrent die helfte minder energie bevat as voedsel-items wat in die konvensionele snoepie beskikbaar was. Leerders in ‘n skool met ‘n voedingkundig-gereguleerde snoepie het beduidend (p<0.05) meer van sekere groente en vrugte gehou as leerders in ‘n skool met ‘n konvensionele snoepie. Statisties beduidende (p<0.05) verskille tussen verskillende grade en die houding van verskillende geslagte dui daarop dat graad 2 leerders in albei skole minder positief gevoel het oor sekere groente en vrugte as ouer leerders, terwyl meisies in albei skole ‘n meer positiewe houding teenoor sekere groente en vrugte getoon het as seuns. Jonger leerders het ‘n meer positiewe houding teenoor hulle voedingkundig-gereguleerde snoepie getoon as ouer leerders. In albei skole het leerders soortgelyke persepsies rondom hul onderskeie skole se snoepies en gesonde eetgewoontes openbaar. Gevolgtrekking: Die hipotese dat leerders in ‘n skool met ‘n voedingkundig-gereguleerde snoepie positiewe persepsies, houding en gedrag teenoor gesonde eetgewoontes toon is nie aanvaar nie. Die beskikbaarheid van gesonder items in ‘n skoolsnoepie het 'n positiewe invloed op sekere eetgewoontes en houdings van die leerders, maar die potensiële waarde daarvan om die tipes voedsel wat by skole te koop aangebied word te reguleer mag egter teengewerk word deur kosblikke se inhoud asook sekere vaste eetpatrone, persepsies van leerders en vorige blootstelling aan ‘n konvensionele snoepie. ‘n Veelvoudige benadering soos die konsep van ‘n Gesondheidbevorderingskool word aanbeveel.
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Grönvall, Maria. "To teach, or not to teach English, that is the question : When do Swedish primary school teachers believe that English should be introduced and how does this introduction affect equal schooling for all?" Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för språk, litteratur och interkultur (from 2013), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-72542.

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Resent research has demonstrated that age does not play as big a part in second language (L2) acquisition as was previously thought. However, L2 acquisition is markedly affected by: (i) the amount of L2 in a pupil’s daily life, (ii) how well teachers are trained in teaching a new language to young learners and (iii) how many hours are given to the subject each week. In Swedish schools there is great variation around when and how English is taught. In order to ensure future equality in L2 teaching we need to find out why this variation exists. One important step towards doing this is to obtain primary school teachers’ views on teaching English. Using a questionnaire, I gathered views from Swedish primary school teachers regarding their own English teaching skills and when they believe English should be taught. The findings show that views on when to start teaching English differ markedly among teachers, varying from year 1 to year 3, as does any relevant guidance from schools/municipalities. It is also apparent that many teachers, 65% of the respondents in this study to be exact, have not had English as an obligatory part of their teacher training. The findings offer a valuable insight into potential underlying reasons for the variability that exists in L2 teaching.
Forskningen under senare år har visat att ålder inte har en lika stor roll i andraspråksinlärning som man tidigare trott. Dock påverkas andraspråksinlärning märkbart av: (i) hur mycket av ett andraspråk som finns med i elevernas dagliga liv, (ii) hur utbildade lärare är inom området för att lära ut ett nytt språk till yngre elever och (iii) hur många timmar som ges till ämnet varje vecka. En stor variation finns inom den svenska skolan när det gäller när och hur engelska lärs ut. För att försäkra oss om en likvärdig utbildning i framtiden så måste vi undersöka varför det är en sådan variation. En viktig del i detta är att få reda på lågstadielärarnas egna åsikter om att lära ut engelska. Genom ett frågeformulär samlade jag in åsikter från svenska lågstadielärare när det gäller deras lärarkunskaper inom engelska och när de anser att engelska bör läras ut. Resultaten visar att det finns delade åsikter inom lärarprofessionen angående när undervisning i engelska bör påbörjas, allt från åk 1 till åk 3, detta gäller även vägledning från skolor/kommuner. Det är också tydligt att många lärare, 65% av respondenterna i denna studie för att vara mer precis, inte har haft engelska som en obligatorisk del av sin lärarutbildning. Resultaten ger en viktig inblick i eventuella bakomliggande orsaker till variabiliteten som existerar när det gäller andraspråksundervisning.
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Raut, Yogendra Y. "Sustainable Bioenergy Feedstock Production Using Long-Term (1999-2014) Conservation Reserve Program Land." The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148344789416295.

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Books on the topic "Primary shools"

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Parry, T. Emrys. Ysgol Gynradd Talsarnau, Talsarnau, Gwynedd: Arolygiad o dan Adran 9 o Ddeddf Addysg (Ysgolion) 1992 : rhif Swyddfa Gymreig yr ysgol: 661/2210 : dyddiad yr archwiliad: 18-20 Chwefror 1997 = Talsarnau Primary School, Talsarnau, Gwynedd : inspection under section 9 of the Education Act (Shools) Act 1992 : Welsh Office school number 661/2210 : date of inspection 18-20 February 1997. Cardiff: Welsh Office, 1997.

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Cashin, Paul. How persistent are shocks to world commodity prices? [Washington, D.C.]: International Monetary Fund, Research Department, 1999.

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Madeline, Dianne. All kinds of shoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2001.

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Cowley, Joy. Mrs. Grindy's shoes. Bothell, WA: Wright Group/McGraw-Hill, 1996.

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Madeline, Dianne. Shoes. Boston: Houghton Mifflin Co., 2001.

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Nicholas, Evangeline. Too tight shoes. Bothell, WA: Wright Group, 1997.

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Woldehanna, Tassew. Shocks and primary school drop-out rates: A study of 20 sentinel sites in Ethiopia. London, UK: Young Lives, Oxford Department of International Development, University of Oxford, 2012.

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Hadass, Yael S. Terms of trade shocks and economic performance 1870-1940: Prebisch and Singer revisited. Cambridge, MA: National Bureau of Economic Research, 2001.

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illustrator, Cohen Lynda, ed. Beach feet. Katonah, N.Y: Richard C. Owen Publishers, Inc., 2006.

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Winkler, Veronika. Shoe box mysteries: Thematic units for whole language. Tucson, Ariz: Communication Skill Builders, 1993.

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Book chapters on the topic "Primary shools"

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Hope, Gill. "Methodology: What Approach should I Take?" In Researching Primary Education, 55–71. 1 Oliver's Yard, 55 City Road London EC1Y 1SP: SAGE Publications, Inc., 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4135/9781473984172.n5.

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Romberger, John A., Zygmunt Hejnowicz, and Jane F. Hill. "The Primary Shoot: Phyllotaxy." In Plant Structure: Function and Development, 263–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01662-6_15.

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Romberger, John A., Zygmunt Hejnowicz, and Jane F. Hill. "The Primary Shoot: Leaf Development." In Plant Structure: Function and Development, 283–313. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01662-6_16.

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James, Larry C. "What Administrators Should Know About the Primary Care Setting." In The Primary Care Toolkit, 13–18. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-387-78971-2_2.

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Groszmann, Roberto J., Cristina Ripoll, and Julio Vorobioff. "Pre-Primary and Primary Prophylaxis: What Should We Do Next?" In Portal Hypertension V, 66–74. Oxford, UK: Wiley-Blackwell, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9781444393989.ch7.

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Gold, Stephanie B., and Larry A. Green. "Why You Should Read this Book." In Integrated Behavioral Health in Primary Care, 1–9. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98587-9_1.

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Serra, Gilles. "Should We Expect Primary Elections to Create Polarization?" In Routledge Handbook of Primary Elections, 72–94. New York : Routledge, [2018]: Routledge, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315544182-6.

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Cascinelli, N., and M. Santinami. "Excision of Primary Melanoma Should Allow Primary Closure of the Wound." In Recent Results in Cancer Research, 317–21. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-78771-3_24.

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Evert, Ray F., and Susan E. Eichhorn. "The Shoot: Primary Structure and Development." In Raven Biology of Plants, 579–613. New York: Macmillan Learning, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-319-15626-8_26.

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Romberger, John A., Zygmunt Hejnowicz, and Jane F. Hill. "The Primary Shoot: Apex and Caulis." In Plant Structure: Function and Development, 225–62. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-01662-6_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Primary shools"

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Geldreich, Katharina, Mike Talbot, and Peter Hubwieser. "Off to new shores." In WiPSCE '18: Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education. New York, NY, USA: ACM, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/3265757.3265783.

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Gal-Ezer, Judith, and Ela Zur. "What (else) should CS educators know?" In the 8th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2532748.2532757.

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Duncan, Caitlin, Tim Bell, and Steve Tanimoto. "Should your 8-year-old learn coding?" In the 9th Workshop in Primary and Secondary Computing Education. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2670757.2670774.

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Wang Yan ni, Yang Ping, Gao Wei lu, and Li Jin ping. "Primary engineered abilities should be cultivated in based experiments." In 2010 International Conference on Optics, Photonics and Energy Engineering (OPEE 2010). IEEE, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/opee.2010.5508081.

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Abrous-Anane, S., A. Savignoni, C. Daveau, J. Pierga, C. Gautier, F. Reyal, R. Dendale, et al. "Inflammatory Breast Cancer: What Should Be the Locoregional Treatment after Primary Chemotherapy?" In Abstracts: Thirty-Second Annual CTRC‐AACR San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium‐‐ Dec 10‐13, 2009; San Antonio, TX. American Association for Cancer Research, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1158/0008-5472.sabcs-09-5120.

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Andereggen, L., J. Frey, R. Andres, M. El-Koussy, M. Luedi, J. Beck, L. Mariani, J. Fandino, and E. Christ. "Should Primary Pituitary Surgery for Prolactinomas be Limited to Selected Patients with Microadenomas?" In Joint Annual Meeting 2018: Swiss Society of Neurosurgery, Swiss Society of Neuroradiology. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1660711.

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Demotes-Mainard, Sabine, Gaelle Guéritaine, Rachid Boumaza, Patrick Favre, Vincent Guérin, Lydie Huché-Thélier, and Bruno Andrieu. "Coordinated Development of the Architecture of the Primary Shoot in Bush Rose." In 2009 Third International Symposium on Plant Growth Modeling, Simulation, Visualization and Applications (PMA). IEEE, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/pma.2009.44.

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Carlier, François, Bruno Detry, Yves Sibille, and Charles Pilette. "COPD epithelial phenotype shows partial reversibility in long-term primary epithelial ALI-cultures." In ERS International Congress 2018 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/13993003.congress-2018.oa502.

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Cai, Wen, Weiting Ge, Dehao Wu, Jianshan Mao, and Hanguang Hu. "IDDF2020-ABS-0077 Treatment patterns should be carefully chosen in different primary sites of GI-NECs." In Abstracts of the International Digestive Disease Forum (IDDF), 22–23 November 2020, Hong Kong. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Society of Gastroenterology, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/gutjnl-2020-iddf.64.

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Robinson, RE, F. Kutubudin, P. Deus, K. Hughes, and A. Wight. "M17 NOLCP- direct access to CT scan from primary care: who should be scanned in 72 hours?" In British Thoracic Society Winter Meeting 2018, QEII Centre, Broad Sanctuary, Westminster, London SW1P 3EE, 5 to 7 December 2018, Programme and Abstracts. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and British Thoracic Society, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/thorax-2018-212555.437.

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Reports on the topic "Primary shools"

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Punjabi, Maitri, Julianne Norman, Lauren Edwards, and Peter Muyingo. Using ACASI to Measure Gender-Based Violence in Ugandan Primary Schools. RTI Press, March 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rb.0025.2104.

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School-related gender-based violence (SRGBV) remains difficult to measure because of high sensitivity and response bias. However, most SRGBV measurement relies on face-to-face (FTF) survey administration, which is susceptible to increased social desirability bias. Widely used in research on sensitive topics, Audio Computer-Assisted Self-Interview (ACASI) allows subjects to respond to pre-recorded questions on a computerized device, providing respondents with privacy and confidentiality. This brief contains the findings from a large-scale study conducted in Uganda in 2019 where primary grade 3 students were randomly selected to complete surveys using either ACASI or FTF administration. The surveys covered school climate, gender attitudes, social-emotional learning, and experiences of SRGBV. Through this study, we find that although most survey responses were comparable between ACASI and FTF groups, the reporting of experiences of sexual violence differed drastically: 43% of students in the FTF group versus 77% of students in the ACASI group reported experiencing sexual violence in the past school term. We also find that factor structures are similar for data collected with ACASI compared with data collected FTF, though there is weaker evidence for construct validity for both administration modes. We conclude that ACASI is a valuable tool in measuring sensitive sub-topics of SRGBV and should be utilized over FTF administration, although further psychometric testing of these surveys is recommended.
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Schnabel, Filipina, and Danielle Aldridge. Effectiveness of EHR-Depression Screening Among Adult Diabetics in an Urban Primary Care Clinic. University of Tennessee Health Science Center, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21007/con.dnp.2021.0003.

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Background Diabetes mellitus (DM) and depression are important comorbid conditions that can lead to more serious health outcomes. The American Diabetes Association (ADA) supports routine screening for depression as part of standard diabetes management. The PHQ2 and PHQ9 questionnaires are good diagnostic screening tools used for major depressive disorders in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (DM2). This quality improvement study aims to compare the rate of depression screening, treatment, and referral to behavioral health in adult patients with DM2 pre and post-integration of depression screening tools into the electronic health record (EHR). Methods We conducted a retrospective chart review on patients aged 18 years and above with a diagnosis of DM2 and no initial diagnosis of depression or other mental illnesses. Chart reviews included those from 2018 or prior for before integration data and 2020 to present for after integration. Sixty subjects were randomly selected from a pool of 33,695 patients in the clinic with DM2 from the year 2013-2021. Thirty of the patients were prior to the integration of depression screening tools PHQ2 and PHQ9 into the EHR, while the other half were post-integration. The study population ranged from 18-83 years old. Results All subjects (100%) were screened using PHQ2 before integration and after integration. Twenty percent of patients screened had a positive PHQ2 among subjects before integration, while 10% had a positive PHQ2 after integration. Twenty percent of patients were screened with a PHQ9 pre-integration which accounted for 100% of those subjects with a positive PHQ2. However, of the 10% of patients with a positive PHQ2 post-integration, only 6.7 % of subjects were screened, which means not all patients with a positive PHQ2 were adequately screened post-integration. Interestingly, 10% of patients were treated with antidepressants before integration, while none were treated with medications in the post-integration group. There were no referrals made to the behavior team in either group. Conclusion There is no difference between the prevalence of depression screening before or after integration of depression screening tools in the EHR. The study noted that there is a decrease in the treatment using antidepressants after integration. However, other undetermined conditions could have influenced this. Furthermore, not all patients with positive PHQ2 in the after-integration group were screened with PHQ9. The authors are unsure if the integration of the depression screens influenced this change. In both groups, there is no difference between referrals to the behavior team. Implications to Nursing Practice This quality improvement study shows that providers are good at screening their DM2 patients for depression whether the screening tools were incorporated in the EHR or not. However, future studies regarding providers, support staff, and patient convenience relating to accessibility and availability of the tool should be made. Additional issues to consider are documentation reliability, hours of work to scan documents in the chart, risk of documentation getting lost, and the use of paper that requires shredding to comply with privacy.
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Frantseva, Anastasiya. The video lectures course "Elements of Mathematical Logic" for students enrolled in the Pedagogical education direction, profile Primary education. Frantseva Anastasiya Sergeevna, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/frantseva.0411.14042021.

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The video lectures course is intended for full-time and part-time students enrolled in "Pedagogical education" direction, profile "Primary education" or "Primary education - Additional education". The course consists of four lectures on the section "Elements of Mathematical Logic" of the discipline "Theoretical Foundations of the Elementary Course in Mathematics" on the profile "Primary Education". The main lecture materials source is a textbook on mathematics for students of higher pedagogical educational institutions Stoilova L.P. (M.: Academy, 2014.464 p.). The content of the considered mathematics section is adapted to the professional needs of future primary school teachers. It is accompanied by examples of practice exercises from elementary school mathematics textbooks. The course assumes students productive learning activities, which they should carry out during the viewing. The logic’s studying contributes to the formation of the specified profile students of such professional skills as "the ability to carry out pedagogical activities for the implementation of primary general education programs", "the ability to develop methodological support for programs of primary general education." In addition, this section contributes to the formation of such universal and general professional skills as "the ability to perform searching, critical analysis and synthesis of information, to apply a systematic approach to solving the assigned tasks", "the ability to participate in the development of basic and additional educational programs, to design their individual components". The video lectures course was recorded at Irkutsk State University.
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Bottan, Nicolas L., Bridget Hoffmann, and Diego A. Vera-Cossio. Research Inisghts: The Unintended Effects of a Noncontributory Pension Program during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Inter-American Development Bank, November 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0002861.

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Results show that becoming eligible for an established, noncontributory pension program during the Covid-19 crisis in Bolivia increased the probability that households had a weeks worth of food stocked by 25 percent and decreased the probability of going hungry by 40 percent. The positive impacts are particularly large for households that experienced labor market shocks at the onset of the pandemic, and for low-income households for which the transfer represents a larger share of household income. During a systemic crisis, such as the Covid-19 pandemic, a preexisting nearuniversal pension program quickly delivered positive impacts, in line with the primary goals of a social safety net.
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Arbeláez, María Angélica, Miguel Benítez, Roberto Steiner, and Oscar Valencia. A Fiscal Rule to Achieve Debt Sustainability in Colombia. Inter-American Development Bank, February 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003048.

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In order to enhance fiscal sustainability and regain “investment grade” credit rating, in 2011 Colombia implemented a fiscal rule (FR) on the Central Government's structural balance. Investment grade was rapidly attained, and FR targets were complied with, until 2019. Using the Synthetic Control Method, we provide evidence that the FR promoted fiscal discipline. Nevertheless, public debt has increased continuously and is now expected to exceed 60 percent of GDP, in large part driven by the pandemic. We argue that the FR should be reformed so as to incorporate a debt anchor. Using a regime change model and the IMFs buffer risk methodology, we show that the prudent debt level should not exceed 48 percent of GDP and that in order to achieve this in the medium term, a policy mix increasing revenues to 17.8 percent of GDP (from 15.5 percent during 2016-2019) and reducing primary expenditure to 15 percent (from 16 percent during 2016-2019) is required. FR's performance would also benefit from changes in its institutional design.
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Dorr, Brian S., Kristi L. Sullivan, Paul D. Curtis, Richard B. Chipman, and Russell D. McCullough. Double-crested Cormorants. U.S. Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service, August 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2016.7207735.ws.

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The history of conflict between double-crested cormorants and human interest in fisheries is long and convoluted. Overall, double-crested cormorants are not major consumers of commercial and sportfish species. However, exceptions have been recorded at specific sites with documented impacts on local fisheries. Double-crested cormorants can have a significant impact on vegetation at breeding sites through normal nesting activities. Their guano is acidic and can change soil chemistry, killing ground vegetation and irreversibly damaging nest trees. Humans should avoid direct contact with excrement from wildlife, including droppings from cormorants. The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) has the primary responsibility and authority for managing migratory bird populations in the U.S. This publication will focus on the double-crested cormorant, which is the most numerous and widely dispersed of the species.
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Harter, Rachel M., Joseph P. McMichael, Derick S. Brown, Ashley Amaya, Trent D. Buskirk, and David Malarek. Telephone Appends for Address-Based Samples— An Introduction. RTI Press, February 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2018.op.0050.1802.

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Surveys with samples selected from an address frame derived from US Postal Service sources are often referred to as address-based sampling (ABS) surveys. For an ABS survey that is primarily conducted by mail, web, or face-to-face, sometimes it is helpful to have a telephone number corresponding to the sample addresses for setting appointments or conducting nonresponse follow-up prompts. The usefulness of a telephone contact mode in a mixed mode ABS design depends on both the percentage of addresses for which telephone numbers can be appended (append rate or match rate) and the accuracy of the telephone numbers associated with addresses. Before planning a telephone contact as part of a mixed-mode study, the designer should know the likely effectiveness of the approach. This paper focuses primarily on append rate information, with a discussion of accuracy rates. For a single ABS frame, telephone match rates vary by geography, address type, match vendor, and by landline vs. cell telephone number. Using very large samples of addresses from a total US ABS frame, we estimated state and national telephone append rates from Marketing Systems Group's sources. The append rates are summarized here and interactively at the website http://abs.rti.org/atlas/.
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Foltz, Stuart, and Daniel Hooks. Lock operation improvements. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40402.

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The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) owns or operates 236 locks at 191 sites (HQUSACE 2016). Although the locks at these sites generally perform reliably, more than half of these structures have surpassed their 50-year economic design life and as such, there are increasing concerns about their continued safe, reliable operation. This work was undertaken to review lock operating equipment, maintenance practices, records pertaining to accidents and equipment failures, and lighting systems; to identify alternative improvements to equipment and equipment maintenance practices; and to analyze and compare those alternatives to determine and recommend optimal solutions. This report documents some lessons learned, primarily to share information that others might find useful. Note that the recommendations in this report should not be viewed as policy, although some might be considered by those creating policy.
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Squiers, Linda, Mariam Siddiqui, Ishu Kataria, Preet K. Dhillon, Aastha Aggarwal, Carla Bann, Molly Lynch, and Laura Nyblade. Perceived, Experienced, and Internalized Cancer Stigma: Perspectives of Cancer Patients and Caregivers in India. RTI Press, April 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3768/rtipress.2021.rr.0044.2104.

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Cancer stigma may lead to delayed diagnosis and treatment, especially in low- and middle-income countries. This exploratory, pilot study was conducted in India to explore the degree to which cancer stigma is perceived, experienced, and internalized among adults living with cancer and their primary caregivers. We conducted a survey of cancer patients and their caregivers in two Indian cities. The survey assessed perceived, experienced, and internalized stigma; demographic characteristics; patient cancer history; mental health; and social support. A purposive sample of 20 cancer survivor and caregiver dyads was drawn from an ongoing population-based cohort study. Overall, 85 percent of patients and 75 percent of caregivers reported experiencing some level (i.e., yes response to at least one of the items) of perceived, experienced, or internalized stigma. Both patients (85 percent) and caregivers (65 percent) perceived that community members hold at least one stigmatizing belief or attitude toward people with cancer. About 60 percent of patients reported experiencing stigma, and over one-third of patients and caregivers had internalized stigma. The findings indicate that fatalistic beliefs about cancer are prevalent, and basic education about cancer for the general public, patients, and caregivers is required. Cancer-related stigma in India should continue to be studied to determine and address its prevalence, root causes, and influence on achieving physical and mental health-related outcomes.
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Sadowski, Dieter. Board-Level Codetermination in Germany - The Importance and Economic Impact of Fiduciary Duties. Association Inter-University Centre Dubrovnik, May 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53099/ntkd4304.

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The empirical accounts of the costs and benefits of quasi-parity codetermined supervisory boards, a very special German institution, have long been inconclusive. A valid economic analysis of a particular legal regulation must take the legal specificities seriously, otherwise it will be easily lost in economic fictions of functional equivalence. At its core the corporate actor “supervisory board” has no a priori objective function to be maximised – the corner stone of the theory of the firm – but its objective function will only be brought about a posteriori – should negotiations result in an agreement (E. Fraenkel). With this understanding,the paper presents six recent quasi-experimental studies on the economic (dis) advantageousness of the German codetermination laws that try to follow the rules of causal inference despite the lack of random variation. By and large they refute the hold-up model of codetermination by showing positive or nonnegative effects even on shareholder wealth – and a far-reaching improvement of the well-being of the core workforce. In conclusion, indications are offered that the shareholder primacy movement has only weakened, but not dissolved the “Deutschland AG”.
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