Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Price fixing'
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1
Davis, Cale Wren. "An analysis of the enactment of anti-price gouging laws." Thesis, Montana State University, 2008. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2008/davis/DavisC0508.pdf.
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Seabourne, Gwen Caroline. "Royal regulation of the substance of subjects' bargains in England 1272-1399." Thesis, University of Bristol, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.322650.
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Kitchenko, O. N. "Choice of marketing strategy of price determination." Thesis, Національний технічний університет "Харківський політехнічний інститут", 2019. http://repository.kpi.kharkov.ua/handle/KhPI-Press/47019.
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Bříštělová, Radka. "Stanovení optimální ceny v akčním a běžném prodeji ve spolupráci s Pfanner, spol. s r.o." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2009. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-17289.
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The price strategy and the right propose of price level play fundamental part in every company with successfull leadership. Especially nowadays, when the sensitivity of customers is growing and not only in the sphere of price but also promotion. It seems, in the case of product category of juices Pfanner, which are processed in this graduation theses, is this fact valid especially. What the price and sales development do the main players note in this market is analysed pursuant to secondary data of research agency MEMRB Retail Services. The reception of brand image and the customers behavior comes from study TNS AISA. The graduation these is trying to find the answer especially on these questions: Can the company Pfanner keep the high quality brand image and increase sales at the same time? What level of price can, together with certain promotion activities, ensure higher turnover but at the same time not damage the long time builded brand image? What is the optimal level of common and action price of Pfanner products?
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Moabelo, Julith Tsebisi. "Analysing potato price volatility in South Africa." Thesis, University of Limpopo, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10386/3049.
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Thesis ( M.Sc.(Agricultural Economics)) --University of Limpopo, 2019.Potato is perceived as an excellent crop in the fight against hunger and poverty. The recent high potato price in South Africa has pushed the vegetable out of reach of the poorest of the poor. The study attempts to analyse potato price volatility in South Africa and furthermore assess how various factors were responsible for the recent potato price volatility. Quarterly data for potato price, number of hectares planted, rainfall and temperature levels from 2006q1 to 2017q4 was collected from various sources and were used for analysis. The total observation of 48. The volatility in the series was determined by performing ARCH/GARCH model. GARCH model indicates an evidence of GARCH effect in the series, meaning that GARCH model influences potato price volatility in South Africa. The Johansen cointegration used both trace and eigenvalue to test the existence of a long run relationship between potato price and various variables. The cointegration results were positive indicating that there exists long run relationship amongst variables. The study further used Johansen cointegration as well as standard error to determine the number of cointegrating variables in the long run. The results indicated that the number of hectares planted and rainfall level have significant relationship with potato price. Wald tests was used to check whether the past values of number of hectares planted and rainfall level influenced the current value of potato price. The Walt test results concluded that there is no evidence of short run causality running from number of hectares planted and rainfall level to potato price. In the study, ECM model was used to forecast the potato price fluctuation in South Africa. The study recommends that farmers need to engage in contract market so as to minimize the risk of potato price volatility. The Department of Agriculture should forecast agricultural commodities price volatility and make information accessible to the farmers so that they are able to adopt strategies that will assist them to overcome crisis.
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Jovanovic, Dusan. "Anticompetitive issues in the infant formula industry." Youngstown State University / OhioLINK, 1998. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ysu997197215.
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Yu, Jinkeun. "Essays on collusive behavior in auctions /." Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
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Thai, Doan Hoang Cau Australian Graduate School of Management Australian School of Business UNSW. "Analysing tacit collusion in oligopolistic electricity markets using a co-evolutionary approach." Awarded by:University of New South Wales. Australian Graduate School of Management, 2005. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/22478.
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Wholesale electricity markets now operate in many countries around the world. These markets determine a spot price for electricity as the clearing price when generators bid in energy at various prices. As the trading in a wholesale electricity market can be seen as a dynamic repeated game, it would be expected that profit maximising generators learn to engage in tacit collusion to profitably increase spot market prices. This thesis investigates this tacit collusion of generators in oligopolistic electricity markets. We do not follow the approach of previous work in game theory that presupposes firms' collusive strategies to enforce collusion in an oligopoly. Instead, we develop a co-evolutionary approach (extending previous work in this area) using a genetic algorithm (GA) to co-evolve strategies for all generators in some stylised models of an electricity market. The bidding strategy of each generator is modelled as a set of bidding actions, one for each possible discrete state of the state space observed by the generator. The market trading interactions are simulated to determine the fitness of a particular strategy. The tacitly collusive outcomes and strategies emerging from computational experiments are thus obtained from the learning or evolutionary process instead of from any pre-specification. Analysing many of those emergent collusive outcomes and strategies. we are able to specify the mechanism of tacit collusion and investigate how the market environment can affect it. We find that the learned collusive strategies are similar to the forgiving trigger strategies of classical supergame theory (Green and Porter, 1984). Also using computational experiments, we can determine which characteristics of the market environment encourage or hinder tacit collusion. The findings from this thesis provide insights on tacit collusion in an oligopoly and policy implications from a learning perspective. With modelling flexibility, our co-evolutionary approach can be extended to study strategic behaviour in an oligopoly considering many other market characteristics.
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Petkovic, Alexandre. "Three essays on exotic option pricing, multivariate Lévy processes and linear aggregation of panel models." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210357.
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This thesis is composed of three chapters that form two parts. The first part is composed of two chapters and studies problems related to the exotic option market. In the first chapter we are interested in a numerical problem. More precisely we derive closed-form approximations for the price of some exotic options in the Black and Scholes framework. The second chapter discusses the construction of multivariate Lévy processes with and without stochastic volatility. The second part is composed of one chapter. It deals with a completely different issue. There we will study the problem of individual and temporal aggregation in panel data models.Doctorat en sciences économiques, Orientation économie
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Dessein, Wouter H. "Essays on the theory of organizations and network industries." Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/211739.
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Haji, Jema. "Economic efficiency and marketing performance of vegetable production in the eastern and central parts of Ethiopia /." Uppsala : Dept. of Economics, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2008. http://epsilon.slu.se/200817.pdf.
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Svatošová, Markéta. "Práce šlechtí: Vliv odchodu do důchodu na zdraví." Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2015. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-201854.
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By using panel data from SHARE this thesis shows, that retirement has a negative effect on indicators of physical and mental health. Results from using fixed effects models suggest that retirement leads to 0,85 points increase in chronic diseases, 0,3 points increase in difficulties associated with mobility and 0,07 points increase in body mass index. Also retirement increases the level of depression by 0,5 points. According to the results, the effect of retirement on memory is also negative.
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Chiang, Yi-Min, and 江逸民. "A Study of Institutional Investors’ Price-Fixing Model." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/81070129622766169646.
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碩士朝陽科技大學
財務金融系碩士班
101
In recent years, Taiwan derivative instruments are fast developing. Appling Vector Autoregressive Model analysis, this study investigates whether Institutional Investors in Taiwan use derivative instruments transactions to manipulate TAIEX spot prices or simply hedge the risk. Twelve variables of weekly transaction data of futures and options markets from July 5, 2007 to December 26, 2012 are used as the sample of empirical study. Results show that Investment Trusts are likely to use derivatives as instruments for hedge, whereas Dealers and Foreign Capital trend to behavior herding together. In addition, evidence show that Foreign Capitals manipulate spot prices in order to make the profit of their derivatives positions come true.
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Hoffman, Elan. "Reducing churn from price increases : an experimental intervention." Diss., 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/40653.
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Reducing customer churn while simultaneously increasing prices is a challenge in need of a successful intervention. This study takes an in-depth look into successful interventions that assist a business in retaining their customers while increasing prices. By identifying such successful methods, business can continue to have price optimisation strategies that can increase the value of the business through the growth in customer equity. By using an experimental design that takes place in a live setting on over 50,000 customers, interventions are tested to research whether they can have a causal relationship between the intervention and improved customer retention. Three different interventions target improving customer loyalty by offering them an additional benefit, providing justification of the increase through a personal phone call or both. The results of this research found that by simultaneously offering a customer an additional benefit and also creating a personal touch point by communicating directly with the customer telephonically in order to justify the increase had a significantly positive impact on customer retention. As an outcome, an additional level of depth can be added to the academic literature and a deeper insight into customer relationship management exists for businesses to learn from and grow their firm value.Dissertation (MBA)--University of Pretoria, 2013.
lmgibs2014
Gordon Institute of Business Science (GIBS)
MBA
Unrestricted
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VASCONCELOS, Helder. "Three essays on collusion and mergers." Doctoral thesis, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1814/5097.
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Defence date: 3 October 2002Examining Board: Prof. Pierpaolo Battigalli, Università Bocconi; Prof. Luis Cabral, Leonard Stern School of Business, NYU; Prof. Massimo Motta, European University Institute (Supervisor); Prof. Karl Schlag, European University Institute; Prof. John Sutton, London School of Economics
First made available online on 16 April 2018
This thesis aims at contributing to the analysis of the issues of collusion and mergers from an industrial organization perspective. The thesis is composed of three main chapters. In what follows each of those chapters will be discussed in greater detail. In particular, I will briefly describe the model considered in each chapter, its relation to the literature, and the contribution each chapter makes to the existing literature. Chapter one deals with the issue of entry and collusion both theoretically and empirically. In particular, it re-considers Green and Porter’s (1984) model of collusion with imperfect monitoring (in the price version, as in Tirole’s (1988) textbook). In this model with homogeneous goods, a firm can either charge the monopoly price to share the market with other firms or secretly undercut its rivals to get the whole market. Since market demand is affected by stochastic factors, firm’s demand could be zero even when no firm is deviating. Given that the only available information to each firm is its own sales, it is difficult for them to infer whether a low demand is caused by a secret price cut or it is just due to a “bad” demand shock. In equilibrium, the firms need to start a price-war (i.e., charge the competitive price) when the demand is zero to maintain the incentive to charge the monopoly price in the collusive phases. As a result, a price-war occurs with positive probability as an equilibrium phenomenon.
-- Entry effects on cartel stability and the joint executive committee -- Tacit collusion, cost asymmetries and mergers -- Towards a characterization of the upper bound to concentration in endogenous sunk cost industries
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Zillante, Arthur L. Isaac R. Mark. "Investigating the alternating periods monopoly." 2004. http://etd.lib.fsu.edu/theses/available/etd-08192004-172814.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Florida State University, 2004.Advisor: Dr. R. Mark Isaac, Florida State University, College of Social Sciences, Dept. of Economics. Title and description from dissertation home page (viewed Jan. 12, 2005). Includes bibliographical references.
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劉穎蓁. "A Study on Price-Fixing Controversies over Uber's Pricing Algorithm Focusing on U.S. Jurisprudence of Sherman Act." Thesis, 2018. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/2brsma.
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碩士國立政治大學
國際經營與貿易學系
106
The rapid expansion of sharing economy enterprises around the world has led to many challenges. And among these enterprises, one of the most disruptive examples is Uber because of its algorithm. In the United States, the lawsuits regarding Uber's algorithm has also gained massive attention. One of the controversial issues of the complaints relies upon whether Uber's algorithm which set by Uber, and “surge pricing” model do constitute an illegal price-fixing in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act. In 2 recent high-profile cases, Meyer v. Kalanick & Chamber of Commerce & RASIER, LLC v. City of Seattle, Uber has tried to justify its price fixing to avoid antitrust scrutiny. There are three specific facts that the Plaintiff must prove to establish its antitrust claim in Section 1 of the Sherman Act: 2 or more entities entering into an agreement, conspiracy, and unreasonably restrains competition. Analysis regarding Uber's algorithm is significant because the trials are ongoing. Therefore, the thesis examines whether Uber's algorithm do constitute an illegal price-fixing in violation of Section 1 of the Sherman Act by exploring the potential problems with regard to the elements based on U.S. judicial decisions. The thesis believes that Uber's algorithm can enhance the efficiency of transaction and has pro-competitive effects, leading to the impact of Uber's surge pricing on providing the incentives for drivers during peak hours. Establishing platform and Uber's algorithm create Uber's strengths and advantages. By having disrupted the existing industry, Uber's algorithm serves pro-competitive purposes.
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Lee, Ming-Chiang, and 李明強. "The Comparative Legal Study on Price Fixing under the Horizontal Competition Relationships-with the focus on U.S. Anti-trust Laws." Thesis, 2012. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/02525029153868734658.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
科技法律研究所碩士班
100
Free competition of the marketplace has always been viewed as the motivation of economic growth. Making more profits, it is necessary for manufacturers to constantly innovate R&D in order to further improve their products and increase market share. Thus, they can secure their market position. However, rather than devoting efforts to increase competitiveness, some manufactures intend to gain even greater profits with others conspiracy to manipulate the market, mutual agree upon no competition against each other and restricted rivalry to illegitimately earn higher market gains , among which Horizontal Price Fixing by Competitors is considered as the Hard-Core Cartel. In order to successfully eliminate anticompetitive conduct in these marketplaces, many countries start to establish dedicated agencies, and develop specific laws for restraining the anticompetitive conducts. The United States enacted the "Sherman Act", the "Clayton Act" and the "Federal Trade Commission Act", and in Taiwan, the "Fair Trade Act" was passed. The objectives of these regulations are to prohibit certain business activities that reduce competition in the marketplace and maintain fair trade. The Fair Trade Act of Taiwan was enacted on February 4, 1991 to date more than 20 years, however, the Fair Trade Act has never received much attention by our country. Therefore, its development of the theory cannot compare the antitrust laws of United States. Since the Sherman Act was passed on July 2, 1890, it has been 122 years of antitrust law enforcement experience by the United States. The theory of the antitrust is in highly development, it is essential to copy the antitrust law enforcement experience of the United States, to supplement the deficiencies of the Fair Trade law enforcement experience of Taiwan and to be a reference. Due to unfamiliarity with the regulations and system of U.S. antitrust law, Taiwan’s panel factories are conspiracy with the panel factories of Japan and Korea in price fixing. They were accused of violating U.S. antitrust law and severely punished by the Department of Justice in the United States. To avoid the domestic manufacturers are punished with the same mistake in the future and also to avoid the domestic manufacturers are punished with the same mistake in the future, this thesis will mainly research and analyze the regulations and the guidelines of the Horizontal Price Fixing from the United States as the future reference for our manufactures to enter U.S. market. Meanwhile, Taiwan can make provisions to the U.S. antitrust law, and attempts to comment on the execution of the Fair Trade Act of Taiwan in the cartel. Perhaps these reviews and conclusions could be a little help to the domestic enforcement.
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Mahangwahaya, Musiiwa. "A critical analysis of the concurrent enforceability of restraint of trade agreements and garden leave in South African Labour Law." Thesis, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1321.
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LLMDepartment of Mercantile Law
The study critically analyses the concurrent enforceability of restraint of trade and garden leave in South African Labour law. The study seeks to answer the question of whether or not the simultaneous enforceability of restraint of trade agreements and garden leave is reasonable. Designed within a qualitative paradigm primarily based on a critical literature review, the study employs a doctrinal approach to establish the contemporary legal position in respect of the simultaneous enforceability of restraint of trade agreements and garden leave in South African Labour law. The objectives pursued by the study are to mitigate the controversies and clear the confusion relating to the enforceability of restraint of trade agreements; to justify the doctrine of restraint of trade; assess the reasonableness of the simultaneous enforceability of garden leave and restraint of trade; examine the onus of proof in matters dealing with the enforceability of restraint of trade agreements; test the constitutionality of restraint of trade agreements; evaluate the relationship between restraint of trade agreements and garden leave; and propose practical recommendations that can be employed to address identified legal flaws in the context of the topic. Structurally, the study begins with unpacking the background to the research topic, the history, origin and rationality of restraint of trade agreements together with an assessment of their enforceability. It further examines the effect of garden leave on restraint of trade agreements, outlines comparative perspectives on restraint of trade, including aspects relating to garden leave and highlights lessons South Africa may learn from the selected jurisdictions. Finally, the study recommends that South African jurisprudence should be developed to shift the burden of proof to employers to prove reasonableness of garden leave and restraint of trade agreements, to impose an obligation on employers to pay former employees for rendering them jobless and to set a maximum period that an employee can be prevented to compete or be employed by employer’s competitors.
NRF
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Wu, Heng-Hui, and 吳恆輝. "The Study on Market Power underCompetition Law─With Case Studies of Taiwan Convenience Store Coffee Prices Fixing and China 3Q Case." Thesis, 2013. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/50658637627020420800.
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碩士國立雲林科技大學
科技法律研究所碩士班
101
Marketing competition has been considered to lead innovation, promote economic growth and social progress. Every country legislates for “The Competition Law” in order to protect the competition in the market, such as Sherman Antitrust Act of United States competition law in 1890, Fair Trade Law of R.O.C in 1991, and Chinese Antimonopoy Law of China in 2008, these purposes are all for maintaining the business transactions rules in the competitive market and keeping amending the legislations for the changes of the society to manipulate the system. Therefore, people have lots of expectations of “The Competition Law” which can maintain the market system. That’s why some called “The Competition Law” as the "Economic Constitution", because it plays an important role in the market. Enterprise using diverse methods that cost differently to pursuit profit maximization. Some companies use innovative methods to attract consumers, others joint businesses to control the market in the price or amount of the products. Those methods make unfair competition. Of course, the different between using illegal ways to gain market profits and using research way to development new products is the latter one costs higher price. If both of them make profit, this outcome is unfair to the companies that put so much effort into the research and invent new products. Therefore, it’s the time to “The Competition Law” involve. However, “The Competition Law” which burdened with the "Economic Constitution" of the name is not groundless to assume the business as legal or illegal activities to keep the maintenance of orderly transactions. Instead, “The competition Law” needs to judge the business activities is legal or illegal not only is based on the law but also requires explicit reason to make the general public and business convinced. The way “The competition Law” judge which is often related to the question of market identification. In our country, the questions related to the market identification are the definition of monopoly, the permission of combined market, judge to restrict competition in the market onconcerted action and the unconscionable restrict of competition market. Also, these problems happen in other countries. Market positioning” takes a crucial role of “The competition Law Enforcement Agencies” in judging the business activities are legal or illegal. Since law-abiding businesses are constantly developing innovative products that are similar but not exactly the same, these phenomenon cause the market definition method of “The competition Law Enforcement Agencies” is uncertain and difficult.
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JECHOVÁ, Pavlína. "Změny v systému odměňování v návaznosti na makroekonomickou situaci." Master's thesis, 2011. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-80212.
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The practical part of the diploma thesis deals with the impartial presentation of the rewarding system and evaluation in the joint-stock company of Měšťanský pivovar Strakonice. The stress is put on considering whether the applied rewarding system, which includes the individual hourly wage, extra components and the system of employment bonuses in the chosen company is an appropriate model ? mostly to conform with the macroeconomic situation.