Journal articles on the topic 'Price elasticity'
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Syirah Murandawi, M. Luthfi, Fajri Jakfar, and Mustafa Mustafa. "Analsisi Elastisitas Permintaan Konsumen Rumah Tangga Terhadap Telur Ayam Ras di Kota Banda Aceh." Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 3, no. 3 (August 1, 2018): 54–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v3i3.8108.
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Abstract. Chicken Eggs Demand race in Banda Aceh city influenced by the price of eggs, the price of fish, cooking oil prices, income and number of dependents. This study aims to look at the demand for chicken eggs dipengaruhhi by the price of eggs, the price of fish, cooking oil prices, income and number of dependents, and to see the price elasticity, cross elasticity and income elasticity. Withdrawal of samples obtained by the method of proportional stratified random samplingin Banda Aceh where for high income states 25, middle 65 and lower 33 samples. The technique is passed on this peneitian with Multiple Linear Regression. The results of this study show the price of eggs, the price of fish, cooking oil prices, income and number of dependents significant effect simultaneously, and the price elasticity of its elastic for medium and low, while high-inelastic, the cross elasticity of substitution for fish and complementary to cooking oil, and for its income elasticity of eggs belonging to inferior goodsAnalysis of elasticity of demand for eggs in banda aceh cityAbstract. Demand for Chicken Eggs in the city of banda aceh is influenced by the price of eggs, the price of the egg, the price of cooking oil, the income and the number of dependents. This study aims to see the demand for chicken eggs influenced by the price of eggs, the price of the village egg, the price of cooking oil, the income and the number of dependents and to see the price elasticity, cross elasticity and income elasticity. Sampling was obtained by multi stage cluster random sampling method in Kota Banda Aceh with a sample of 46 family heads. Techniques performed on this study with Multiple Linear Regression. The results of this study indicate the price of eggs, the price of eggs, the price of cooking oil, the income and the number of dependents have a significant effect simultaneously, while partially only the price of eggs, the price of cooking oil and the number of dependents that have real effect, and elasticity of its price elastic , cross-substitution elasticity for chicken eggs and complementary for cooking oil, and for his income elasticity of chicken eggs belonging to normal goods.
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Chai, Jian, Huiting Shi, Xiaoyang Zhou, and Shouyang Wang. "The Price Elasticity of Natural Gas Demand in China: A Meta-Regression Analysis." Energies 11, no. 12 (November 22, 2018): 3255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11123255.
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Since natural gas has become a new star in China’s energy mix, a reliable estimation of the price elasticity of natural gas demand is crucial if we are to understand how energy price changes affect natural gas consumption. In this paper, we conduct a Meta-regression analysis to quantitatively synthesize empirical estimates of the price elasticity of natural gas demand reported in previous studies, provide true underlying values, and explain the heterogeneity of the aforementioned estimates. The Fixed-effects model and ordinary least squares (OLS) are applied to estimate the regression models. As a result, this paper reports a mean elasticity of −1.521 and 0.410 for the short- and long-run own-price elasticity, separately; −0.762 and 0.008 for the short- and long-run cross-price elasticity-coal to natural gas, respectively; 2.122 and 1.884 for the short- and long-run cross-price elasticity-electricity to natural gas, separately; and 2.267 and 1.275 for the short- and long-run cross-price elasticity-oil to natural gas, respectively. Our results suggest that natural gas consumption increases with the decrease of its own and coal prices in the short term and rise of electricity and oil prices. It also shows that almost all heterogeneity can be explained by the type of data, sample period, models of analysis, geographical region, and type of consumer.
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Juswadi, Juri, and Pandu Sumarna. "Elastisitas Transmisi Harga Komoditas Buah Pepaya Di Kabupaten Indramayu Jawa Barat." Paspalum: Jurnal Ilmiah Pertanian 10, no. 2 (September 30, 2022): 259. http://dx.doi.org/10.35138/paspalum.v10i2.464.
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This study aims to analyze the elasticity price transmission of papaya fruit at the farmer level (producer) and at the consumer level (retailer) in Indramayu Regency. Papaya is one of the fruits favored by the public because of its vitamin content, fresh taste, and low price. The price transmission elasticity (Et) analysis uses a simple regression between two prices, namely prices at the farm level and at the retailer level. The research data uses time series data on monthly papaya prices at the farmer level and at the consumer level in Indramayu Regency during the 2014-2020 period. The results of the analysis show that the price elasticity of papaya fruit in Indramayu Regency is inelastic (Et < 1). This shows that price changes at the farmer level are smaller than the price changes at the retail level. This means that farmers have not received good prices from traders.
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Kusumaningrum, Stranti Nastiti. "The Sensitivity of Residential Electricity Demand in Indonesia." Signifikan: Jurnal Ilmu Ekonomi 7, no. 2 (March 25, 2018): 247–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.15408/sjie.v7i2.6048.
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Since 2013, the residential electricity price for High VA (Volt-Ampere) households has changed due to changes in pricing policies. This paper analyzes the responsiveness of residential electricity demand to the change in electricity prices and income among two different household groups (Low VA and High VA) in 2011 and 2014. Using an electricity consumption model and the Quantile Regression method, the results show that residential electricity demand is price and income inelastic. Income elasticity is lower than price elasticity. Furthermore, the effects on price elasticity also found in the Low VA group, whose rate remained stable. At the same time, evidence proves the impact of the change in pricing policy on income elasticity remains unclear. This result implies that the government has to be more careful in regulating electricity prices for the low VA group, while maintaining economic stability.DOI: 10.15408/sjie.v7i2.6048
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Frondel, Manuel, Delia A. Niehues, and Stephan Sommer. "Wasserverbrauch privater Haushalte in Deutschland: Eine empirische Mikroanalyse." Zeitschrift für Wirtschaftspolitik 70, no. 3 (November 29, 2021): 230–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/zfwp-2021-2061.
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Abstract Germany is a rather water-rich country. Nevertheless, climatic changes might make it necessary to use water resources carefully in the future, especially in times of drought. Against this background, this paper estimates the price elasticity of household water consumption, differentiating between households that have a rough knowledge of water prices and households that do not. Based on about 1,100 observations for households living in single-family houses and using the sum of cubic meter prices for water and wastewater as price measure, we find a moderate but statistically significantly non-zero price elasticity of -0.102. Households that have knowledge of water prices tend to exhibit a higher elasticity, while households without price knowledge do not show a statistically significant response in their water consumption. Prices can thus only be used to a limited extent as a means of controlling water consumption.
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Fadhlan Syihabuddin, Elinur, and Sisca Vaulina. "PERMINTAAN DAGING SAPI DI PROVINSI RIAU." DINAMIKA PERTANIAN 35, no. 1 (September 15, 2021): 33–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.25299/dp.2019.vol35(1).7684.
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The husbandry sub-sector is a source of supporting energy for human needs, especially beef. Beef is a food commodity that has had an impact on improving public nutrition, especially animal protein. This study aims to analyze the development of beef demand and variables that influence it in Riau, the factors that influence beef demand in Riau Province, and the price elasticity, income elasticity, and cross elasticity of factors affecting meat demand beef in Riau Province. This research used the literature study. The data used in this research was data time series from 1999 to 2015. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, multiple linear regression, and elasticity. The results showed that the overall average development of beef demand, beef prices, chicken meat prices, rice prices, population income, and the population increased during the period. The factors that significantly influence the demand for beef were the price of beef and the price of rice. Meanwhile, the price of chicken meat, the income of the population, and the population had no significant to the demand for beef. The results of the elasticity calculation of demand showed that beef prices, rice prices, and population income were responsive to beef demand. This indicates that changes in beef prices, rice prices, and population income had a major impact on changes in demand for beef.
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Stalon, Charles G. "More price elasticity desirable." Natural Gas 16, no. 3 (January 9, 2007): 24–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/gas.3410160306.
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Gao, Dan, Zheng Li, Cheng Gang Yang, Pei Liu, Lin Wei Ma, and Hong Xu. "China Oil Price-GDP Elasticity Coefficient and Optimal Strategic Petroleum Reserve Scale Analysis." Advanced Materials Research 347-353 (October 2011): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.347-353.98.
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The rising international oil prices will cause the loss of national GDP and the establishment of strategic petroleum reserves (SPR) could avoid this loss as much as possible. The oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient is an important parameter in calculating strategic petroleum reserve, but since it is difficult to obtain, it is also hard to calculate. This paper provides the fitting formula of oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient based on the regression analyzing of literature data. China’s oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient in recent years has been analyzed and predictions for future trends in different situations have been made. Finally, the predicted oil price-GDP elasticity coefficient is used to calculate the size of China's strategic petroleum reserve and its earnings.
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Saidin Nainggolan, Yanuar Fitri, Riri Oktari Ulma, and Cynthia Cleantha br. Sinuraya. "Estimation of the profit function of Trans log and the elasticity of input demand in rice farming in Jambi province." GSC Advanced Research and Reviews 13, no. 1 (October 30, 2022): 169–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/gscarr.2022.13.1.0266.
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This study aims to analyze the development of input and output prices, the translog profit function, and the elasticity of demand for lowland rice farming inputs in Jambi Province. The function model used is the Transcendental Logarithmic (Translog) profit function. The study results show that · The development of input prices has increased significantly every year. · The production input factors that affect the profitability of lowland rice farming are the price of seeds, TSP fertilizer, and other chemical fertilizers (KML). Other production factors such as urea fertilizer prices, pesticide prices, labor wages, and land rental costs are determinant factors. · The value of the elasticity of demand for inputs to their prices is elastic. All cross-price elasticity of demand is complementary and elastic. The value of the elasticity of input demand which is influenced by the price of rice shows a positive and elastic value. From the results of the study, it is expected that there will be capital assistance for farmers so that farmers can allocate optimal use of inputs.
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Chelwa, Grieve, and Corne van Walbeek. "Does cigarette demand respond to price increases in Uganda? Price elasticity estimates using the Uganda National Panel Survey and Deaton’s method." BMJ Open 9, no. 3 (March 2019): e026150. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2018-026150.
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ObjectiveTo provide the first published estimates of the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in Uganda and thereby contribute to growing the evidence base of the likely impact of excise taxes on cigarette consumption and tax revenues in Sub-Saharan Africa.MethodWe use a linear approximation of the Almost Ideal Demand System along with expenditure data from the Uganda National Panel Survey and exploit the fact that prices of cigarettes vary across geographical space in Uganda.ResultsWe find that cigarettes are price inelastic in Uganda with elasticity estimates ranging between −0.26 and −0.33. That is, we expect that cigarette demand will decline by between 2.6% and 3.3% every time cigarette prices rise by 10%. These elasticity estimates are in line with international evidence and are robust to outliers in the data.ConclusionOur estimates of the price elasticity of demand for cigarettes suggest that the authorities in Uganda can reduce cigarette consumption and simultaneously increase tax revenues by increasing the excise taxes on cigarettes.
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Sitanggang, Miranda Romaully Br, and Firdaus Firdaus. "Elastisitas Transmisi Harga Daging Kerbau Rawa di Desa Sapala Kecamatan Paminggir Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara." RAWA SAINS : JURNAL SAINS STIPER AMUNTAI 5, no. 1 (June 15, 2015): 319–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.36589/rs.v5i1.45.
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This study evaluating the marketing aspect swamp buffalo meat is held in the Sapala village Paminggir District of Hulu Sungai Utara Regency. This village was chosen because there were many swamp buffalo traders and breeders. The research goal is to identify the elasticity of price transmission swamp buffalo in the study area. The elasticity of price transmission on buffalo meat marketing in the village Sapala Paminggir Hulu subdistrict North River is 3,089. Elasticity of price transmission represents less than one (Et < 1), meaning that a 1% change in the price at the consumerlevel will lead to a change in price by 0.281% at the producer level. This shows the price is relatively inelastic transmission. So the price changes at the consumer level will provide a little change in farmer prices it’s mean that marketing of buffalo swamp meat is not efficient.
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Norström, Thor. "The price elasticity for alcohol in Sweden 1984–2003." Nordic Studies on Alcohol and Drugs 22, no. 1_suppl (February 2005): 87–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/145507250502201s21.
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■ Aims The article addresses the following research questions: (i) How strong is the price elasticity for beer, wine and spirits? (ii) How rapid is the effect of a price change? (iii) Is the price elasticity stable across time and space? (iv) Does an increase in price give a corresponding effect as a decrease? ■ Methods & Data The sales data cover Systembolaget's retail sales of beer, wine and spirits for the period from January 1984 to March 2004. The price indexes are based on weighted baskets deflated by a consumer price index. Most of the analyses were performed on quarterly data. The data were analysed using the Box-Jenkins technique for time series analysis. ■ Results The price elasticities—as estimated from quarterly data—were statistically significant for all beverages; –0.8 for beer, –0.6 for wine and and –1 for spirits. Similar estimates were obtained from monthly data, suggesting a fast consumer response to price changes. The elasticity for beer was weaker during the period 1995–2004 (-0.6) than during the period 1984–1994 (-1.4), but it was no different in southern Sweden than in the remainder of the country. An increase in the price of spirits seems to affect sales as much as a price decrease, that is, the price effect seems to be symmetric. Finally, the results indicated that since 1995 sales of beer and wine increased more, and spirits sales less, than predicted from the development in prices. ■ Conclusions The study confirms previous findings that the demand of alcoholic beverages is responsive to changes in price; however, price is not the sole factor that drives the trends in sales. The reduced elasticity for beer may be due to the marked drop in beer prices.
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Min, Fang. "An Analysis on the Influencing Factors of the World Food Price." Applied Finance and Accounting 5, no. 2 (July 26, 2019): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.11114/afa.v5i2.4412.
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The paper analyzes influencing factors of the world food price by using the data from 1964 to 2013. There is cointegration relationship between the world food price, world agricultural productivity, world food production, food consumption, food inventory, world oil prices, and the exchange rate of dollar. The world agricultural productivity, world food production and the exchange rate of dollar have significantly negative effect on the world food price. The world food consumption has significantly positive impact on the word food price. The impact of the world food stock and the world crude oil price on world food prices is not statistically significant. The elasticity of world food production on the world food price is less than the elasticity of world food consumption. To improve the agricultural productivity, increase food production is the key measure to stabilize the world food prices.
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Galchynskyi, Leonid. "Estimation of the price elasticity of petroleum products’ consumption in Ukraine." Equilibrium 15, no. 2 (June 24, 2020): 315–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.24136/eq.2020.015.
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Research background: The analysts of the petroleum product markets of industrial countries believe that the elasticity of demand varies at different periods, which gave rise to the hypothesis that behavioral and structural factors have changed the consumers’ reaction during the last few decades, with a change in prices of petroleum products.
Purpose of the article: The purpose of this article is to study the elasticity of demand and prices in order to identify changes in consumer behavior in the oil market after significant socio-economic shocks and to establish a correlation between changes in elasticity and price volatility, with the Ukrainian petroleum products market as an illustrative example.
Methods: Based on the time series of the petroleum product market of Ukraine, static and dynamic models for assessing the demand elasticity were constructed. It was found that the time series of demand for petroleum products is non-stationary but then the time series of the first differences is stationary according to the extended Dickey-Fuller test; further, the fact of co-integration between time series of consumption, income, and prices was established by the Johansson test. This made it possible to construct co-integration dependence, allowing, in turn, the development of models for assessing the elasticity of demand for petroleum products, on the basis of which objective assessments of changes in consumer behavior were established. Analysis of the monthly calculation of petroleum products’ price volatility during the period 2008 to 2018 has showed that the values of volatility increased abnormally in the period between the beginning of 2014 and the middle of 2015. The estimates of price and demand elasticities obtained for the two periods up to the beginning of 2014 and the second half of 2015 differ significantly from the values of the corresponding elasticities between the beginning of 2014 and the middle of 2015.
Findings & Value added: Assessments of income elasticities and price elasticities for petroleum products in the Ukrainian market were obtained by three co-integration models, both short and long term, for each of the three previously defined time intervals. In one of them, characterized by a high level of price volatility conditionally referred to as a crisis, the value of elasticities differed markedly from the corresponding values in the other two periods, in particular, -0.383 for price elasticity and 1.068 for a long-term bond. In the other two periods, these were, respectively, 0.543 for price elasticity and 0.274 for long-term pre-crisis elasticity, and -0.470 for price elasticity and 0.235 for long-term post-crisis elasticity. Appropriate elasticity estimates were obtained for both the short-run and the dynamic model, for the same defined intervals. A comparison of these estimates showed the closeness of the values of elasticities for the pre-crisis and post-crisis intervals and a marked difference from the estimates of the elasticities in the crisis interval. Thus, it was found that a significant change in elasticities is accompanied by an increase in price volatility.
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Hardin, Hardin. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR YANG BERPENGARUH TERHADAP PERMINTAAN BERAS DI KOTA BAUBAU." Media Agribisnis 4, no. 1 (May 30, 2020): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.35326/agribisnis.v4i1.660.
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Rice for people of Baubau town is the first staple food after maize and tubers. While the agricultural sector will not be able to provide food for the people of Baubau including rice, because extensification cannot be carried out. This study aims: (1) Determine the effect of rice, corn, and egg costs, the total population and the level of income of the population affect the rice demanded in Baubau town; (2) Knowing the elasticity value of rice requested in the town of Baubau. The data analysis method used in this study is multiple linear regression analysis while price elasticity and cross elasticity can be obtained from the value of bi in the calculation of SPSS version 22.0. The conclusions of this study: (1) Simultaneously both the price of rice, corn, and eggs, as well as the total population, have a positive and significant effect on the demand for rice in Baubau; (2) Based on the value of price elasticity of 9,124. The meaning of this value is that if the price of rice rises by 1 percent, demand also rises by 9,124% and if it goes down the opposite occurs. Because Ep> 1 results, demand is elastic; (3) The cross elasticity value of corn is 0.327, this means that if for 1 percent of the price of corn, the demand for rice also rises with a value of 0.327%, if a decrease of 1 percent will occur otherwise. The elasticity value of corn prices marked with (+)/positive means that corn is a substitute item from rice. The price of eggs has a cross elasticity of 3.746, this means that if the price of eggs rises by 1%, the demand for rice will increase by 3.746%, and vice versa. The cross elasticity value of the egg price is positive, indicating that the egg is a substitute item from rice, there is a conflict with the existing theory that the egg is a complimentary item and the elasticity value has a sign (-)/negative.
Keywords: Factors, Affecting Rice Demand
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Gligorić, Dragan, Anđela Pepić, Saša Petković, Jovo Ateljević, and Borislav Vukojević. "Price elasticity of demand for cigarettes in Bosnia and Herzegovina: microdata analysis." Tobacco Control 29, Suppl 5 (August 25, 2020): s304—s309. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055258.
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BackgroundBosnia and Herzegovina (B&H) is among the top 10 countries in the world in terms of number of smokers. The cigarette prices in B&H are under a direct impact of state excise tax policy. The specific excise on cigarettes was introduced in B&H in 2009. Since then it has been increasing every year thus being the main driver of cigarette prices growth.MethodsIn this paper we estimate price elasticity of demand for cigarettes following Deaton demand model and apply it on microdata obtained from the Household Budget Surveys in B&H conducted in 2011 and 2015. Deaton model uses within-cluster information to estimate total expenditure elasticities and then uses between-cluster information to estimate price elasticities. For B&H, the cluster is defined as a municipality × in the year t. Our sample contains 14 252 households, divided into 267 clusters.ResultsOur results show that the price elasticity is statistically significant and amounts to −1.366. This means that if cigarette prices in B&H are increased by 10%, the demand for cigarettes would decrease by 13.66%.ConclusionsWe found a negative price elasticity of demand for cigarettes of −1.366. These results of the econometric estimate of elasticity of demand are more elastic compared with the results of similar surveys carried out on the sample of low and middle-income countries. It demonstrates that the demand for cigarettes responds strongly to the price increase.
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Jensen, Thomas C. "Income and Price Elasticities by Nationality for Tourists in Denmark." Tourism Economics 4, no. 2 (June 1998): 101–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/135481669800400201.
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This paper presents estimates of income and price elasticities for the six most important nationalities visiting Denmark as tourists. The estimates are based on two different measures of the Danish tourism revenue: the number of nights spent and the currency exchange statistics. The explanatory variables are prices and income abroad. The estimates vary considerably across nationalities. For German tourists, who account for the largest share in Danish tourism, the estimates for price elasticities are quite high: the long-run price elasticity with respect to the prices in Denmark is close to −1.5 and the long-run income elasticity is found to be near 2.
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Zou, Gaolu, and Kwong Wing Chau. "Effects of International Crude Oil Prices on Energy Consumption in China." Energies 13, no. 15 (July 30, 2020): 3891. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en13153891.
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This study aims to test the effects of changes in international crude oil prices on changes in crude oil and hydropower use from 1965 to 2016. We suggest a cointegration relationship between the consumption of coal, crude oil, and hydropower and the real crude oil price. The real price is weakly exogenous for the long-run relationship and has impacted energy consumption accordingly. The long-run crude oil price elasticity of oil use is 0.460. Our estimate suggests a positive oil price–oil use relationship in China, which is dramatically different from many previous studies but is consistent with a few past studies. The growth in external oil prices may lead to a long-run increase in hydropower use in China, with a long-run price elasticity of 0.242. The long-run crude oil price elasticity of coal use is −0.930. Hence, increased oil and hydropower use could make up the energy supply–demand gap left over by the decreased coal use. Strictly planned domestic fuel prices and rapidly growing family incomes should diminish the negative effect of external oil prices on domestic crude oil demand. In the long run, given a strictly managed energy price, the growth in external oil prices is not likely to noticeably restrain the domestic oil demand or lead to a dramatic increase in coal use. We suggest that the large-scale development and utilization of hydropower may be inappropriate. Coal utilization policies must be reviewed. The appropriate increase in clean coal consumption could reduce the consumption of crude oil and hydropower; meanwhile, carbon emissions will not increase.
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송인성. "Item Aggregates and Price Elasticity." Seoul Journal of Business 16, no. 1 (June 2010): 45–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.35152/snusjb.2010.16.1.002.
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Chung, Chanjin. "Quality bias in price elasticity." Applied Economics Letters 13, no. 4 (March 15, 2006): 241–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504850500395316.
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Hubbard, William J., and J. Patrick O'Brien. "Price Elasticity of Library Photocopies." Collection Management 19, no. 1-2 (September 26, 1994): 101–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j105v19n01_05.
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Brzezicka, Justyna, and Katarzyna Kobylińska. "An Analysis of the Income and Price Elasticity of Demand for Housing in View of Price Dynamics on the Residential Property Market." Real Estate Management and Valuation 29, no. 4 (December 1, 2021): 97–110. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/remav-2021-0032.
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Abstract In both the global and the domestic approach, the real estate market is a multifaceted domain of study, constituting a specific and imperfect system. Researchers have to rely on increasingly advanced analytical tools to capture the structural complexity of real estate markets. Real estate prices are influenced by contradictory behaviors of market participants. This observation prompted the authors to analyze the income and price elasticity of demand for housing by calculating elasticity coefficients in view of changes in housing prices and the Veblen effect. This problem was analyzed based on a review of the literature and the results of an experiment. The results of the current study can be used to confirm the presence of the Veblen effect on the housing market based on the adopted criteria. The coefficients of price and income elasticity of demand for housing were calculated in view of the price dynamics on the real estate market to paint a more complete picture of reality and explain market processes.
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Zaini, Muhammad, Miranda Romaully Br Sitanggang, and Rum Van Royensyah. "Elastisitas Permintaan Beras Organik Di Kabupaten Hulu Sungai Utara." RAWA SAINS : JURNAL SAINS STIPER AMUNTAI 9, no. 1 (June 29, 2019): 681–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.36589/rs.v9i1.92.
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This study is aimed to determine the factors that influence the demand of organic rice and its elasticity in Hulu Sungai Utara. This research was conducted in Amuntai City. Data collection was carried out from October 2018 to January 2019. The analysis us is multiple linear regression analysis from the results of calculations using the regression equation Y = 2.564 + 0.002 (X1) + 1.025 (X2) - 0.223 (X3) - 1,511 (X4) + 0.196 (X5) + 0.003 (X6). The results of the analysis for regression obtained F-count 2.672 > F-table 2.53 thus the hypothesis which states that the variable of education level, income, tastes / habits, number of dependents, price of organic rice, and prices of other goods (non-organic rice) have an effect simultaneously to the demand for organic rice. While significantly obtain the results of t test where the value of t-calculation is 2.460 > t-table 1.713. The elasticity of demand for static models is based on price elasticity, the price of organic rice is elastic (7.32 > 1). Based on cross elasticity, the price of other goods (organic rice) is elastic (5.27 > 1). Based on income elasticity, respondents' income is elastic (702,615 > 1).
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Sinaga, Roeskani, Manuntun Paruliah Hutagaol, Sri Hartoyo, and R. Nunung Nuryartono. "Analysis Food Demand of Java Households with Aids Model Estimates." Media Ekonomi dan Manajemen 27, no. 1 (January 4, 2022): 96. http://dx.doi.org/10.24856/mem.v27i01.2550.
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<p>The quantity and quality of food consumed by the community are determined by the price level and household income. Household food expenditure share is still dominated by rice commodities. The aims of this study are 1) to analyze the level of household expenditure on food in Java and (2) to analyze the expenditure elasticity and price elasticity of household food demand in Java. The data used was March 2015, 2016, and 2017 SUSENAS data. Household consumption data was estimated using the AIDS Model. The results showed that household food expenditure share for medium and low-income groups (Q3 and Q4) for urban and rural areas was more than 50 percent. This shows that the household is food insecure. The own-price elasticity for all commodities is negative and inelastic. Changes in food prices do not significantly affect changes in demand for food commodities because their elasticity is inelastic. Household food demand is more influenced by food prices than household income for food commodities except for rice commodities. Rice has elastic expenditure elasticity (means that food demand is very responsive to changes in household expenditure/income. The relationship between each commodity is almost entirely negative (complementary).</p>
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House, Christopher L., and Matthew D. Shapiro. "Temporary Investment Tax Incentives: Theory with Evidence from Bonus Depreciation." American Economic Review 98, no. 3 (May 1, 2008): 737–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1257/aer.98.3.737.
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The intertemporal elasticity of investment for long-lived capital goods is nearly infinite. Consequently, investment prices should fully reflect temporary tax subsidies, regardless of the investment supply elasticity. Since prices move one-for-one with the subsidy, elasticities can be inferred from quantities alone. This paper uses a recent tax policy—bonus depreciation—to estimate the investment supply elasticity. Investment in qualified capital increased sharply. The estimated elasticity is high—between 6 and 14. There is no evidence that market prices reacted to the subsidy, suggesting that adjustment costs are internal, or that measurement error masks the price changes. (JEL G31, H32)
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Brasington, David M. "Private Schools and the Willingness to Pay for Public Schooling." Education Finance and Policy 2, no. 2 (April 2007): 152–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/edfp.2007.2.2.152.
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Households pay a premium to live in houses assigned to high quality public schools, and the housing market yields information about the demand for public school quality. The current study estimates a two-stage house price hedonic emphasizing the role that private schools play in the willingness to pay for public school quality. The elasticity of house prices with respect to public school quality is 0.15, and 0.04 with respect to private school quality. The price elasticity of demand for public schooling is −1.72, with an income elasticity of 0.31. Public and private schools are substitutes, with a cross-price elasticity of 0.32. A school choice program that reduced private school tuition by 10 percent would reduce the willingness to pay for public school performance by 1.9 percent. The magnitude of the results generally varies markedly between large and small houses, with large houses more responsive to public and private schooling variables.
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Vladisavljevic, Marko, Jovan Zubović, Mihajlo Đukić, and Olivera Jovanović. "Tobacco price elasticity in Serbia: evidence from a middle-income country with high prevalence and low tobacco prices." Tobacco Control 29, Suppl 5 (August 26, 2020): s331—s336. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055262.
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In this paper, we use Deaton’s demand model and Household Budget Survey data from 2006 to 2017 to provide a first robust and reliable estimate of cigarettes price elasticity for Serbia. The case of Serbia is particularly interesting and important as it provides evidence for a country in which tobacco market is characterised by the high tobacco consumption, low prices and large perceived impact of multinational tobacco companies on public revenues, export and employment, given their considerable cigarette production in Serbia. The price elasticity of cigarettes is estimated at −0.639, in line with the previous estimates for the low-income and middle-income countries. Estimated negative cigarettes price elasticity for Serbia suggests that tobacco tax policy could be used effectively to reduce cigarette consumption in Serbia, which could lower the harmful health effects of cigarettes. Furthermore, a calculation based on the estimated elasticity suggests that increasing tobacco taxes could also have positive fiscal effects, as the expected revenue from the taxes would increase.
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Fitriah, Dina, Sri Marwanti, and Ernoiz Antriyandarti. "ANALISIS PERMINTAAN BERAS ORGANIK DI KOTA SURAKARTA." Jurnal Social Economic of Agriculture 9, no. 2 (December 30, 2020): 81. http://dx.doi.org/10.26418/j.sea.v9i2.43004.
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Research aims to understand variable influence the price of organic rice, the price of nonorganic rice, chicken egg price, education, income, the number of family members, preference on the organic rice in the city of surakarta and elasticity demand. The basic method used in this research is descriptive and analytical method with survey research technique. The method of determining the location of the research is aimed at Surakarta City. The sampling method used is accidental sampling with 100 respondents. Data analysis used the multiple linear regression analysis. This research result indicates the price of organic rice , the price of non-organic rice, the price of chicken egg, education, income, the number of family members, and preference together had an influence on the request of organic rice. The factors that influence individual is organic rice price, non-organic rice price, chicken egg price, and income. The organic rice price elasticity was negative (-0,683) shows that the organic price is inelastic. The income elasticity was positive (0,611) shows that rice organic included in a category of normal good. Non-organic rice price cross elasticity was positive (1,454) means non-organic rice of substitution to organic rice. Chicken egg price cross elasticity was negative (-1,060) means egg of complementary to organic rice.Keywords: Demand, Elasticity, Organic Rice, Regression
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Syrovátka, P., H. Chládková, and P. Žufan. "Wine consumption in the Czech Republic and the prices of alcohol." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 60, No. 2 (March 4, 2014): 89–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/114/2013-agricecon.
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Consumption of wine in the Czech Republic has a growing tendency, representing 15.4 litres per capita in 1995 and 20.0 litres per capita in 2012. The goal of this paper is an analysis of the development of consumer demand for wine in the Czech Republic based on the estimation of elasticity coefficients derived from the constructed dynamic model. The overall development in the period 1948–2012 is demonstrated through the linear trend: QCW<sub>T</sub> = –340.77 + 0.1788×T + u<sub>T</sub>. The growing consumption of wine was examined in relation to the development of the prices of wine, beer, and rum in the period 1991–2012. The achieved negative values of the own price elasticity coefficients (ranging from –0.2957 to –0.1624) suggest, that there worked normal price reactions. Cross price elasticity coefficients of the gross demand for wine showed complementarity between the consumption of wine and beer or wine and rum. The cross price elasticity of the gross demand for wine related to the price of 10° beer was –0.2757 in average, and –0.2074 in the case of rum.
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Syrovátka, P., and I. Lechanová. "Price transmission and estimations of price elasticity of secondary demand functions: application on commodity market for food grains." Agricultural Economics (Zemědělská ekonomika) 51, No. 7 (February 20, 2012): 293–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.17221/5110-agricecon.
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The paper is focused on the quantitative analysis of the price transmission and on its use for the estimations of the direct price elasticity of the vertical-derived demand functions. The price transmissions were examined between the commodity markets for the food grain and the consumer markets for the bakery products and flour. The data (1995–2002) were taken over from the Czech Statistical Office (CSO), the Price Statistics (PS) and the Statistics of Family Budgets (SFB). The intensity of the inter-market price transmission was assessed by means of the coefficients of the price transmission elasticity (EPT). For enumerating of EPT, the regression linear models were developed. The explicit as well as the implicit time-definition in the models was tested. The explicit dynamic construction was carried out on the basis of the stationary process with the parabolic trend. After the determination of trend functions, the seasonal component in used time-series was thoroughly investigated by means of the harmonic analysis (G-tests of the individual extremes of the developed periodograms). The implicit dynamization of the linear models was solved on the basis of the first differences of appropriate commodity prices, respectively price levels on the consumer market. For the quantification of the price transmission elasticities, directly dynamized models there were only used only because the model unambiguously achieved better values of characteristics of the statistic verification (correlation index, F-test, T-test). These models also satisfied the economic assumptions in the sense of the vertical price transmissions between the observed market levels and the preservation of the law of diminishing demand. Based on the linear models of the price transmission with parabolic-trend stationarization, it was found out that within the observed period (1995–2002) EPT between commodity market with the food wheat and consumer market with the bakery products and flour reached the average level of +0.1602%. Within the same period, the value of EPT between commodity market with the rye and consumer market with the bakery products and flour reached the average level of +0.1067%. These coefficients were subsequently used together with coefficients of the own price elasticity of consumer demand for the bakery products and flour (ε) to the estimations of the own price elasticity of the commodity demand for food wheat and rye (e). In accordance with the construction of these estimations: e = ε × EPT, it was found out that the average level of the own price elasticity of the demand for food wheat (respectively rye) is about –0.0659% (respectively –0.0441%). Both observed secondary demand functions are therefore strongly inelastic with respect to the reaction on the direct price changes. The commodity demand for the rye seems to be more inelastic.
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Widarjono, Agus. "How Sensitivity of Energy Intake to Fuel Price Change: Evidence from Central Java." Jurnal Ekonomi Pembangunan: Kajian Masalah Ekonomi dan Pembangunan 19, no. 1 (July 2, 2018): 50. http://dx.doi.org/10.23917/jep.v19i1.5634.
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Because of high world oil prices during 2008-2013, the government must adjust domestic fuel price several times. One of the fuel price adjustments occurred in 2013. The increase in fuel prices caused high inflation. The purpose of this study is to analyze the impact of rising fuel prices on calorie consumption as a main source of energy intake in Central Java Province. The results of this study indicate that calorie income elasticity increased both in urban and rural areas after the increase in fuel price. However, urban households are more responsive than rural households. An increase in calorie income elasticity means that households must allocate more expenditure on food consumption in order to fulfill minimum energy intake. These findings imply that cash transfer policies such as direct cash transfer for poor households known as BLT as well as rice policy for poor households as called Raskin are very effective to maintain minimum calorie intake during price crisis.
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Banda, Nelly, Eugene C. Bwalya, Musso Munyeme, John Bwalya Muma, and Chisoni Mumba. "Assessment of the Price Elasticity of Demand for Veterinary Services: A Case Study of the University of Zambia Veterinary Hospital." University of Zambia Journal of Agricultural and Biomedical Sciences 5, no. 2 (April 1, 2021): 56–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.53974/unza.jabs.5.2.488.
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Developing a price policy that ensures financial viability in order to continue providing a service. The same is true for veterinary services whose economic nature has to be understood for practitioners to adjust prices for smooth income flows to the business. However, veterinary practitioners’ prices often vary across practices without a clear understanding of the economic nature of animal healthcare or elasticity of demand for the services they provide. This study, therefore, aimed to assess the price elasticity of demand for veterinary services using the University of Zambia Veterinary Clinic (UNZAVET) as a case study. To meet this objective, historical five-year data (2014-2018) was collected from the clinics’ medical and financial records. The data was then entered and analysed using both Microsoft Excel and IBM SPSS Version 20. The price elasticity of demand was calculated using an end-point method. The association between inflation rate and revenue was estimated using Simple Linear Regression Analysis. Overall, the results showed that most of the services offered at UNZAVET were relatively inelastic (<1). However, demand for the services gradually declined while total revenue was steadily increased due to the overall increase in prices. The study demonstrated that the country's inflation rate had a direct effect on the rise in prices and a decline in demand for animal health services. There was no significant statistical association (p=0.35) between annual revenue and inflation rate, nevertheless, a unit increase in inflation reduced income by K29, 815.81 (≈$2000) per annum. The study concludes that prices for veterinary services are traded in monopolistic competition, with mostly inelastic commodities. The study recommends that Veterinarians should consider inflation and price elasticity of demand for each animal health commodity before changing prices. Veterinary practitioners must know that within their practice, there are some veterinary services that if you raise their price, consumers will still buy the same amount, and practitioners will make more money. Similarly, there are other commodities which if practitioners lowered their prices; consumers would buy more hence increasing their income on such services.
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Siddique, Md Abu Bakr, Md Abdus Salam, and Mohammad Chhiddikur Rahman. "Estimating the Demand Elasticity of Rice in Bangladesh: An Application of the AIDS Model." Asian Journal of Agriculture and Rural Development 10, no. 3 (October 19, 2020): 721–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.ajard.2020.103.721.728.
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This study determines the causes of consumption, compensated, and uncompensated demand for rice using the Linear Approximate Almost Ideal Demand System (LA-AIDS) model in Bangladesh. The model was used along with the corrected Stone Price Index. The study’s findings showed that the income elasticity of demand for rice was only 0.76, indicating that rice is a normal and necessary food item. The own-price elasticity (compensated and uncompensated) showed that all food items were price inelastic. The rice’s own-price elasticity demonstrated that if the price falls by 10%, rice demand will rise by 8.21%. This cross-price elasticity showed the weak substitution effects of a price change. Therefore, price interference may not lead to a substantial effect on food demand.
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Styawan Arta, Munajat, and Henny Rosmawati. "ANALISIS ELASTISITAS PERMINTAAN KONSUMEN TERHADAP PRODUK DAN HARGA KERIPIK PADA UKM DI KECAMATAN BATURAJA TIMUR OGAN KOMERING ULU." Jurnal Bakti Agribisnis 3, no. 01 (August 1, 2017): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.53488/jba.v3i01.22.
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This study aims to calculate the elasticity of consumer demand for changes in the price of SME chips in East Baturaja District, and calculate the elasticity of consumer demand for chips products in East Baturaja District. The study was conducted from March to May 2017 in 3 (three) small and medium enterprises. The research method used is survey method. Sampling method / sample using non probability sampling. The results show the demand for price changes for Rempeyek and banana chips on the changed prices is in elastic or (Ed <1) and the type of sweet potato chips to the changing price are elastic. demand for other products all types of chips have substitution properties similar to those seen in the above explanation are all positive substitutes but the difference is only the percentage of cross elasticity, or has the property (Eq> 0).
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Noce, Rommel, José Luiz Pereira de Rezende, Agostinho Lopes de Souza, Lourival Marin Mendes, Márcio Lopes da Silva, Rosa Maria Miranda Armond Carvalho, Juliana Mendes de Oliveira, and Juliana Lorensi do Canto. "Brazilian sawn wood price and income elasticity." CERNE 16, no. 3 (September 2010): 259–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-77602010000300002.
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This study estimated the sawn wood demand price and income elasticity. Specifically it was estimated the price elasticity of sawn wood, the cross price elasticity of wood panels and the income elasticity of Brazilian GDP. A log-log model with correction through outline of the mobile average (MA(1)) was used, adjusted for the period of 1971 to 2006, which showed to be stable, with satisfactory significance levels. It was observed that sawn wood demand is inelastic in relation to price and elastic in relation to income.
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Zhang, Xin Min, Kuang Cen, and Wan Li Xing. "Information Processing for Analysis of Consumption Flexibility of Global Natural Gas Demand." Applied Mechanics and Materials 707 (December 2014): 514–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.707.514.
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Gas consumption exist great regional difference, price and income are the main factors affecting consumption .Global gas consumption has slow growth, but the price in 2008 there was a twist. We analyze the global natural gas consumption and price points using the data from the BP. The level of economic development and natural gas reserves determine the differences in the levels of consumption. In order to eliminate the impact per unit, the regression model uses the data in the log. This paper studied the influence factors of natural gas consumption in North America using of consumer income elasticity and price elasticity. The results show that the gas consumption have a low income elasticity and price elasticity is higher .Law of "S" shape can explain the income elasticity is low, the reason is that the stage of economic development. Price elasticity is higher lies in the different between Canada and the United States, the United States is a net importer of natural gas, and Canada is a net exporter. Keywords: Consumption Flexibility; Natural Gas Demand; income; price
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Rhee, Hongjai. "An empirical relationship between price elasticity and price levels." Applied Economics Letters 20, no. 2 (February 2013): 190–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13504851.2012.689101.
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Inglesi-Lotz, Roula, and James Blignaut. "Estimating the price elasticity for demand for electricity by sector in South Africa." South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences 14, no. 4 (December 6, 2011): 449–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4102/sajems.v14i4.134.
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This paper analyses electricity consumption patterns in South Africa in an attempt to understand and identify the roots of the current electricity crisis. This is done by investigating various economic sectors’ responses to price changes using panel data for the period 1993–2004. Positive and statistically significant price elasticities over this period were found for the transport (rail) and commercial sectors while there are positive, but small and statistically insignificant responses to price changes in the agriculture and mining sectors. Only the industrial sector responded to changes in electricity prices according to theory, namely illustrating negative demand elasticities. This sector, however, dominates electricity consumption resulting in aggregate demand elasticities that are negative. These results explain, in part, the current electricity crisis. Given the historic low level of electricity prices in conjunction with, on the whole, a real price decline, i.e. price increases lower than the inflation rate; there was no major incentive to reduce electricity consumption and/or to be efficient. This result supports the notion that prices do have an important signalling effect in the economy. Hence, the electricity prices should be considered not only from an economic growth or social vantage point, but also from a supply and technocratic perspective, which includes environmental factors such as CO2-emissions. Prices should not be determined without considering the system-wide implications thereof.
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Amiti, Mary, Oleg Itskhoki, and Jozef Konings. "International Shocks, Variable Markups, and Domestic Prices." Review of Economic Studies 86, no. 6 (February 2, 2019): 2356–402. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/restud/rdz005.
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Abstract How strong are strategic complementarities in price setting across firms? In this article, we provide a direct empirical estimate of firms’ price responses to changes in competitor prices. We develop a general theoretical framework and an empirical identification strategy, taking advantage of a new micro-level dataset for the Belgian manufacturing sector. We find strong evidence of strategic complementarities, with a typical firm adjusting its price with an elasticity of 0.4 in response to its competitors’ price changes and with an elasticity of 0.6 in response to its own cost shocks. Furthermore, we find evidence of substantial heterogeneity in these elasticities across firms. Small firms exhibit no strategic complementarities in price setting and complete cost pass-through. In contrast, large firms exhibit strong strategic complementarities, responding to both competitor price changes and their own cost shocks with roughly equal elasticities of around 0.5. We show that this pattern of heterogeneity in markup variability across firms is important for explaining the aggregate markup response to international shocks and the observed low exchange rate pass-through into domestic prices.
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Zhang, Su, Zuo Quan Zhang, Xuan Wu, Xiao Yue Li, and Rong Zhu. "Study on Theoretical Elasticity and Plasticity Model of the Stock Price Based on Material Distortion Theory." Applied Mechanics and Materials 138-139 (November 2011): 1274–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.138-139.1274.
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According to the price volume relationship of the stock, with the help of the elasticity and plasticity theory in the physics, some new ideas like stock equilibrium price, share price elasticity, and share price plasticity are put forward. Then elasticity and plasticity model of the stock price are built on account of the relationship between share price and trading volume, and model parameters are tested by a kind of software calling Eviews from econometrics. In the end, we get relatively scientific result.
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Hussain, Sajid, Uzma Nisar, and Waseem Akram. "An Analysis of the Cost Structure of Food Industries in Pakistan: An Application of the Translog Cost Function." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 25, no. 2 (December 1, 2020): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2020.v25.i2.a1.
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Given the importance of food industriesin Pakistan, this studyanalyzestheircost structure by estimating thetranscendental logarithmic cost function. The study also considers elasticity of substitution along with own-price elasticity and cross-price elasticity. Four factor inputs,i.e.,labor, capital, energy,and materials,are used toestimatethe cost function. The results indicate that materialsaccount for the highest share of the cost. The elasticity of substitution of materialsfor capital and energy is also weak. The own-price elasticities indicate that the demand for materialsis least responsive to a change in its own price while the demand for other inputs varies with price. The cross-priceelasticities show that labor, capital and energy are substitutes foreach other. The output elasticity of cost demonstrates the presence of economies of scale.
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Fridayanti, Nia, Siti Marwanti, and Ernoiz Antriyandarti. "ANALISIS PERMINTAAN TELUR AYAM DI KABUPATEN MAGETAN." Agriecobis : Journal of Agricultural Socioeconomics and Business 1, no. 2 (October 5, 2018): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.22219/agriecobis.vol1.no2.1-10.
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This research aims to identify and to analyze the variables which influenced the chicken egg demand in Magetan District and to know its elasticity. This research used descriptive and analytical method. The research location was chosen purposively in Magetan. By using 27 years time series data, this study applied Cobb Douglass demand functing with OLS method. The results showed that the price of chicken egg race, chicken meat price, rice price, population and income per capita have significant effect on chicken egg demand in Magetan District. Race egg price has inelastic elasticity since its value is negative (-0,280). Chicken meat price has subtitute elasticity since its value is positive (0,911). Rice price has complementary elasticity since its value is negative (-0,233). Income elasticity has a negative (-0,476) value means that chicken egg is an inferior good for Magetan District.
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Tellis, Gerard J. "The Price Elasticity of Selective Demand: A Meta-Analysis of Econometric Models of Sales." Journal of Marketing Research 25, no. 4 (November 1988): 331–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/002224378802500401.
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The author describes a meta-analysis of econometric studies that estimated the elasticity of selective sales or market share to price. The literature review yielded 367 suitable price elasticities from about 220 different brands/markets. The results indicate that the price elasticity is significantly negative and, in absolute value, eight times larger than the advertising elasticity obtained from a prior meta-analysis. The omission of distribution or quality, the use of only cross-sectional data, and temporal aggregation lead to severe biases in the estimates of price elasticity. The elasticity also differs significantly over the brand life cycle, product categories, estimation methods, and countries.
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Amjad Chaudhry, Azam. "A Panel Data Analysis of Electricity Demand in Pakistan." LAHORE JOURNAL OF ECONOMICS 15, Special Edition (September 1, 2010): 75–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.35536/lje.2010.v15.isp.a5.
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This paper looks at the economy-wide demand and the firm level demand for electricity in Pakistan. The economy wide estimation of electricity demand uses panel data from 63 countries from 1998-2008, and finds that the elasticity of demand for electricity with respect to per capita income is approximately 0.69, which implies that a 1% increase in per capita income will lead to a 0.69% increase in the demand for electricity. The firm level analysis uses firm level data from the World Bank’s Enterprise Survey for Pakistan and finds that the price elasticity of demand for electricity across all firms is approximately -0.57, which implies that a 1% increase in electricity prices will lead to a 0.57% decrease in electricity demand across firms. Across sectors, the textile sector has the highest price elasticity of demand (-0.81) while the price elasticity of demand for firms in the electricity and electronics sector is the smallest (-0.31). Finally, firm level data is also used to estimate production functions in order to estimate the impact of electricity shortages on manufacturing output.
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Green, Donald Philip. "The Price Elasticity of Mass Preferences." American Political Science Review 86, no. 1 (March 1992): 128–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1964020.
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I compare the price elasticity of economic and political preferences. My central hypothesis is that willingness to pay, whether expressed verbally or through cash transactions, is more price-elastic for economic consumption goods than for public goods. I find that increases in price greatly diminish the proportion of people willing to pay for consumer goods, such as housing or hardback books; whereas the proportion willing to pay more in taxes to support a public good, such as environmental protection or shelter for the homeless, is much less responsive to changes in price. I conclude by discussing the theoretical and political implications of willingness to pay for public and private goods.
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Bijmolt, Tammo H. A., Harald J. Van Heerde, and Rik G. M. Pieters. "New Empirical Generalizations on the Determinants of Price Elasticity." Journal of Marketing Research 42, no. 2 (May 2005): 141–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1509/jmkr.42.2.141.62296.
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The importance of pricing decisions for firms has fueled an extensive stream of research on price elasticities. In an influential meta-analytical study, Tellis (1988) summarized price elasticity research findings until 1986. However, empirical generalizations on price elasticity require modifications because of (1) changes in market characteristics (i.e., characteristics of brands, product categories, and economic conditions) and (2) changes in the research methodology used to assess price elasticities. Therefore, the authors present a meta-analysis of price elasticity with new empirical generalizations on its determinants. Across a set of 1851 price elasticities based on 81 studies, the average price elasticity is −2.62. A salient finding is that over the past four decades, sales elasticities have significantly increased in magnitude, whereas share and choice elasticities have remained fairly constant. The authors find that accommodating price endogeneity has a strong (magnitude-increasing) impact on price elasticities. A striking null result is that accounting for heterogeneity does not affect elasticities significantly. The authors also present an analysis that explains the difference between their findings and Tellis's findings, and they indicate which new price elasticity studies are most desirable.
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Choi, Jung-Sup, and Peter G. Helmberger. "How Sensitive are Crop Yields to Price Changes and Farm Programs?" Journal of Agricultural and Applied Economics 25, no. 1 (July 1993): 237–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1074070800018794.
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AbstractA two-stage approach is used to estimate sensitivity of corn, wheat, and soybean yields to changes in prices and land idled. Estimated elasticity of demand for fertilizer per acre with respect to expected output price equals 0.47, 0.10, and 0.82 for corn, wheat, and soybeans. Upper estimates of the elasticity of yield with respect to fertilizer equals +0.58, +0.29, and +0.16 for corn, wheat, and soybeans. Yields are found to be quite insensitive to price changes. Fertilizer demands and yields are insensitive to land idled under farm programs.
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Sun, Guang Lin, and Jian Wang. "Price Transmission Mechanism of Transit Service in City." Advanced Engineering Forum 5 (July 2012): 44–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.5.44.
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Price transmission of transit service is a distinct mechanism with common characters. This paper aims to provide the nature and law of price transmission of transit service. The transmission of transit service prices is defined and transmission routes are classified into vertical and horizontal. The cost-push and demand-push are to drive the price carriers along transmission routes, which produces the price transmission network. Augmented Dickey-Fuller (ADF) and Granger co-integration test are used to measure the cost-push price transmission. For demand-push price transmission, the demand elasticity was used to model the relationship between transit demand and prices.
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Kubicová, Ľubica, and Zdenka Kádeková. "Revenue impact on the demand of Slovak households for meat and meat products." Acta Universitatis Agriculturae et Silviculturae Mendelianae Brunensis 60, no. 2 (2012): 503–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.11118/actaun201260020503.
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Global economical crisis was felt in the differences in the incomes of the households and their food consumption. In the paper are analyzed the changing patterns in the structure of demand for meat and the impact on total expenditure on meat and meat products in the households of employees, households of self-employed persons and households of pensioners. When examining the sensitivity of demand to changes in consumer meat prices in different social groups of households was estimated own-price elasticity of demand, as well as cross-price elasticity.
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Kukoverov, M. V. "On Price Elasticity of Electicity Demand." Journal of the New Economic Association 42, no. 2 (2019): 70–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.31737/2221-2264-2019-42-2-4.
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