Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Preventive justice'
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Stephenson, Henry Alan. "The justice of preventive war." Thesis, Monterey California. Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/1183.
Full textIn response to the 9/11 attacks and continuing threats of mass-casualty terrorism, the United States has adopted a new security strategy that emphasizes anticipatory actions including preventive war. Prevention, undertaken in the absence of an act of aggression or an imminent threat, is prohibited by modern conceptions of just war and international law. Many critics of the strategy fear that any legitimization of preventive war would endanger international stability. But an examination of the relevant ethical issues from the perspective of just war doctrine reveals contradictions within a blanket prohibition of preventive war. Preventive "strategic interventions" against illiberal regimes-states that correlate with the threats of terrorism and weapons of mass destruction-parallel humanitarian interventions in that they have an ethical basis in the relationship between human rights and the right of state sovereignty. A widely-accepted minimum standard of human rights, incorporated into new international institutions and/or an explicit revision of the definition of just war, could serve as an ethical boundary for both preventive wars and humanitarian interventions. The formal qualification of prevention and its merger with humanitarian goals could bring enhanced international legitimacy and support to preventive actions by the United States and its allies.
Lieutenant Commander, United States Navy
Stephenson, Henry A. "The justice of preventive war /." Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2004. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/04Sep%5FStephenson.pdf.
Full textOgg, James Thomas. "The serious crime prevention order : policy making and taking on the path to preventive justice." Thesis, University of Oxford, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.547787.
Full textWatkins, Caitlin M. "Cultivating Resistance: Food Justice in the Criminal Justice System." Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/pitzer_theses/32.
Full textDurán-Sánchez, Mabel Gabriela. "Accidental Detention: A Threat to the Legitimacy of Venezuelan Democracy." Scholar Commons, 2013. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4667.
Full textDeconto, Paula. "A justiça e a vida : um estudo sociológico da judicialização do aborto preventivo no Tribunal de Justiça gaúcho." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/77150.
Full textThe jurisdictionalization of the social and political pleas happens in the western democratic societies from the second post-war period on. Such phenomenon is clear in the causes submitted to the Court judges’ trial of the Rio Grande do Sul State Court of Justice, that deals with preventive abortion. In the above mentioned pleas, the magistrate is urged to assert about a theme of great social importance, many times due to the law omission, using other areas knowledge concepts to support their trial. It is questioned in what way the magistrate personal, philosophical, religious and of formation convictions influence or not, on these decisions. The loss of authority is pointed as one of the causes of the jurisdictionalization , having in mind that in the traditional families, the spiritual counselor, the family head, the doctor or the priest, used to decide the issues linked to the ethical, religious and political decisions. The judges, considering the loss of authority of the social magistracies, behave as the last democracy guardians in our contemporary societies. This study demonstrates in what way the Rio Grande do Sul magistrates, as social actors, interpret this role, clarifying the existence or not of some discomfort in taking that decisions. The place where the magistrates fulfill their role is the own bureaucratic structure of the rational State, with the consequences that result from this situation. The judicial decision and the medical decision, although having similarities, differentiate themselves , inasmuch as the latter is established in a reliable relation, whereas the other generates a distrust. This research proves that in the pleas that deals with preventive abortion it emerges the theme of the reasoning of the body problems, that afflicts the contemporary citizen, in his/her identity crisis.In this context, today’s society not only needs the advice of the priest or a prescription of a doctor of the family, but also the decision of the magistrate, who should express his/her opinion when doubts occur about this matter.
SANTINI, SERENA. "LE MISURE DI PREVENZIONE PERSONALI DEL TERRORISMO IN ITALIA E NEL REGNO UNITO. SPUNTI DI RIFLESSIONE PER UNA PREVENZIONE SOSTENIBILE." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/618963.
Full textDanho, Marta. "Att förstå och att bli förstådd : Unga lagöverträdares upplevelser av rättegångarinom ramen för rätten till en rättvis rättegång." Thesis, Karlstads universitet, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-68339.
Full textThe human right to a fair trial is a cornerstone in a constitutional state and is regulated in both article 6 of the ECHR and in RF, the Swedish constitution chapter 2, paragraph 11, section 2. The right to a fair trial according to both the ECHR and RF requires that a public trial is to be held within a reasonable time and that the trial is to be held before an independent and impartial court. In order for the right to be met in accordance with the ECHR and RF, there are guidelines and principles formulated by the European Court of Human Rights, which must be taken into consideration when assessing whether a trial has been held fairly or not. In order for a trial to be assessed as fair, the minimum guarantees in Article 6.3 ECMR must be met. The right to a fair trial includes several different elements; one of the elements is fair dealing. In order for a trial to fulfill its purpose, it is required that the trial is held in such a way that the parties can follow what is happening during the proceedings. In the assessment of a fair trial, the type of the trial has to be taken into consideration. This means that trials that require special urgent procedures, such as trials concerning juvenile offenders, must especially meet the requirements of article 6 of the ECHR. Children are considered a particularly vulnerable group and are therefore in need for special protection in order to guard their rights. The UN Convention on the Rights of the Child (the Child Convention) regulates children's rights and applies to all individuals under the age of 18. The states that have ratified the Child Convention, must respect the Convention and give an account of the commitments that have been made to comply with it. A child’s right to speak and express its views applies to all children and means that both courts and other decision-making intuitions must be adapted for the purpose of including the children. This could for example include special preparations for children. According to Swedish national law there is an urgency requirement in cases involving juvenile offenders and the time between reactions from society and the juvenile’s crime should be as short as possible. Both a report from Brå and a review by Riksrevisionen, has shown that there are difficulties in complying with the urgency requirement for dealing with youth cases in 4 § in LUL. The European Commission has stated that in cases where a young person is suspected of a crime, the trail should be adapted according to his or her age and maturity. The court procedure must therefore be adapted in order to ensure the young person's ability to understand and participate in the trial. If a young person does not understand the procedure, he or she will not be involved during the trial, which affects the right of the young person to have his hear voice heard and speak in accordance with the Child Convention. Young offenders are treated differently in criminal and procedural law in the hope of preventing young people from identifying themselves as criminals. Criminal proceedings are however, mainly designed by adults and for adults. Children and juvenile offenders and victims of crime are therefore subject to the same legal process as adults without any actual adaptation. In 2002, Brå interviewed seven young people about their experiences of the trial. Attention was drawn to two perceptions by listening to the young people. The young people said that they did not always feel fully aware of the whole procedure and what was said and that they did not consider themselves being heard during the proceedings. This essay investigates whether juvenile offenders’ experiences of their trials can be regarded as conflicting with the right to a fair trial. The essay reaches the conclusion that juvenile offenders do not get their right to a fair trial fully met. The right consisting of the criteria of reasonable time and independent and impartial court may, as a result of the faults found in the essay, be considered to be violated. The unreasonable processing time combined with the risk that judges create prejudiced opinions about the young offenders can be considered to conflict with the right to a fair trial in accordance with both the ECHR and RF. The essay also studies the Court's ability to communicate the fundamental principles of justice to juvenile offenders in order to achieve a preventive effect against juvenile crime. The conclusion is that the trials are mainly designed for adults, which can result in difficulties for the court in communicating the fundamental criminal justice principles to juvenile offenders. The neglect of a child and youth perspective during trial may therefore prevent the preventive criminal justice effect against juvenile crime. Concerning the effect of trial for juvenile offenders, the conclusion is that there is a high risk of stigmatization and continued crime. By neglecting the rights of the young people during a trial, the risk remains high that they leave the courtroom without any effect on their future behavior. All in all, the essay finds that more research is needed on the experiences of juvenile offenders in the context of the right to a fair trial. More research would result in a larger insight into the problem.
Devereux, Peter. "Vigilante justice." Thesis, Bangor University, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.263283.
Full textDavidson, Claire. "Restorative justice and the prevention of youth reoffending." Thesis, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/2682.
Full textFreitas, Alexandre José Salles de. "Prisão preventiva e drogas: “a polícia prende e a Justiça não solta”." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora (UFJF), 2017. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/5603.
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O presente trabalho estuda a aplicação prática de prisões preventivas, medida processual penal tratada como excepcional pela própria Constituição, mas que vem se tornando cada vez mais usual e recorrente. A fim de explicar o porquê de a exceção estar virando a regra, juristas e acadêmicos já apontam para problemas como falta de um prazo legal para a duração, ampla margem interpretativa dos fundamentos legais, bem como questões mais arraigadas de seletividade dos órgãos ligados à justiça criminal. A partir destes estudos, conjugados com uma revisão bibliográfica sobre a sociologia do crime e do desvio, aliados às discussões sobre o atual modelo de proibicionismo que resulta na política de “guerra às drogas”, o trabalho promove o estudo de 155 ações penais referentes ao crime de tráfico de drogas, distribuídas a uma das Varas Criminais da Justiça Estadual da comarca de Juiz de Fora – MG, num lapso temporal de dois anos, compreendidos entre as datas de 01/01/2014 e 31/12/2015. Os dados quantitativos e qualitativos extraídos destes processos foram interpretados com enfoque na questão da prisão preventiva e seu efeito no fluxo processual. Na sequência, seleciona-se 83 sentenças das quais se passa a analisar, tendo-se por base a teory of sentencing, as fundamentações para condenar, as penas utilizadas pelo magistrado dentre outros fatores, que permitem constatar um alto índice de condenações e uma predileção por penas privativas de liberdade, confirmando-se na prática a lógica da punição. Finalizase com o estudo de um caso modelo, do qual se observa em pormenores, desde a abordagem policial que resulta na prisão em flagrante, perpassando-se por sua conversão em preventiva até a posterior condenação, as correlações entre os órgãos de justiça criminal e a lógica de um processo de tráfico de drogas, onde se aliam dois dos principais gargalos do encarceramento.
The present work studies the practice of pre-trial detention, that should be exceptional, but has being usual. To explain the reason of being the rule, lawyers and specialists point to questions like lack of legal deadline, wide margin about legal grounds and questions like the selectivity of criminal justice. From these studies, with a literature review about sociology’s crime and deviance, allied to discussions about the actual model of prohibitionism that results in the public policy of war on drugs, this work promotes the study of 155 criminal actions linked to drug trafficking in a criminal court of State Justice in a city county, in a period between January of 2014 and December of 2015. The quantitative and qualitative data extracted from these cases were interpreted with focus on pre-trial detention and the effects on the process flow. In sequence, 83 were selected and analyzed by the theory of sentencing, the grounds of condemnation, the penalty used by the magistrate and other factors that allow us to verify an high index of condemnations and a preference to custodial sentences which confirms the punishment logical. We finished with a model of case study where were observed, in details, since the police approach that results in detention in the act, passing by conversion to pre-trial detention until the final condemnation, the correlations between criminal justice and the logic in a process of drug trafficking where two of the most important problems of incarceration are allied.
Nanu, Cezara. "Preventing trafficking in human beings : implementing human rights and social justice." Thesis, University of the West of England, Bristol, 2011. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.573499.
Full textFjellborg, Elin. "An Unfamiliar Crime Prevention Strategy : Collective Opinion on Restorative Justice Conferences." Thesis, Mittuniversitetet, Avdelningen för samhällsvetenskap, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:miun:diva-28682.
Full text2016-06-01
Buchholz, Maria Mae. "Effectiveness of Restorative Justice Programs in the Prevention of Juvenile Crime." Thesis, North Dakota State University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/10365/27330.
Full textNeto, Manoel Correia de Oliveira Andrade. "A prisão preventiva entre suas funções declarada e oculta: uma análise a partir das decisões denegatórias de habeas corpus pela câmara criminal do Tribunal de justiça de Alagoas." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1135.
Full textThe path this work had as its starting point the exposure of theoretical frameworks of classical liberalism and positivist criminology, responsible for building the legal and criminal speech that legitimizes the power to punish the state and ideology of social defense, which, in short, contends that the criminal law a reaction to the behavior of a deviant minority and protecting the interests of the majority; ie the crime as an evil and off in response, remedy, that the state is legitimized the minister is paid back either as counter-stimulus for restoring order. Immediately thereafter, exposed as research conducted from the theoretical contributions of social reaction and especially of critical criminology, were responsible for the delegitimization of that discourse and ideology, revealing the true and hidden function of the penal system, its inverted effectiveness: the legitimation and reproduction social asymmetries through social control of the most vulnerable strata. The size of this dysfunction can be measured when known that about 40% (forty percent), Brazil, and 60% (sixty percent), Alagoas, of all the prisoners, experience probation, a number that draws attention criminologists, but also of researchers from several other areas as well as a portion of the civil society, the choice made by the criminal justice system of deprivation of liberty prior to sentencing and often the processing itself. And this, despite the declared speech or the curriculum of the Brazilian procedural law erect the presumption of innocence the fundamental principle with seat in the Federal Constitution and therefore, as a rule that prevents the treatment of guilty to those who have not been convicted of commission of a crime. From this problem, then realized the collection of data from all denegatórios judgments of habeas corpus order judged within one year by the criminal chamber of the Court of Alagoas, were present when the foundation the need for prison maintenance ante the presence of authorizers requirements to decree; the data revealed that the "dangerousness of the prisoner," the "possibility of repetition delitiva" and the "gravity of the crime" were the reasons that concentrated the attention of the judges. Thus, separated three typical decisions and through the content analysis method, I looked beyond the declared content, that other, unspoken, hidden, able to reveal the real reason for the high number of preventive imprisonment. In conclusion, the research has shown that pre-trial detention has fulfilled a real security measure attributable to function, considered "dangerous" if giving high importance to the elements of information collected during the investigation, since "its conduct", and revealing the "dangerousness" is none other than that assigned by the police. In this regard, police selectivity held, as shown by studies of critical criminology on the weakest and most precarious strata of society, is sealed by the court selectivity, which contributes decisively to the criminal justice system to hold its real neutralization of functions and discipline of classes lower social.
Messerschmitt-Coen, Shelby. "Social Justice Identity Predicts Perceptions of Suicide Prevention: Student Veterans as Peer Supports." The Ohio State University, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1594226531856871.
Full textAndrade, Neto Manoel Correia de Oliveira. "A prisão preventiva entre suas funções declarada e oculta: uma análise a partir das decisões denegatórias de habeas corpus pela câmara criminal do Tribunal de justiça de Alagoas." Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2015. http://tede2.unicap.br:8080/handle/tede/554.
Full textThe path this work had as its starting point the exposure of theoretical frameworks of classical liberalism and positivist criminology, responsible for building the legal and criminal speech that legitimizes the power to punish the state and ideology of social defense, which, in short, contends that the criminal law a reaction to the behavior of a deviant minority and protecting the interests of the majority; ie the crime as an evil and off in response, remedy, that the state is legitimized the minister is paid back either as counter-stimulus for restoring order. Immediately thereafter, exposed as research conducted from the theoretical contributions of social reaction and especially of critical criminology, were responsible for the delegitimization of that discourse and ideology, revealing the true and hidden function of the penal system, its inverted effectiveness: the legitimation and reproduction social asymmetries through social control of the most vulnerable strata. The size of this dysfunction can be measured when known that about 40% (forty percent), Brazil, and 60% (sixty percent), Alagoas, of all the prisoners, experience probation, a number that draws attention criminologists, but also of researchers from several other areas as well as a portion of the civil society, the choice made by the criminal justice system of deprivation of liberty prior to sentencing and often the processing itself. And this, despite the declared speech or the curriculum of the Brazilian procedural law erect the presumption of innocence the fundamental principle with seat in the Federal Constitution and therefore, as a rule that prevents the treatment of guilty to those who have not been convicted of commission of a crime. From this problem, then realized the collection of data from all denegatórios judgments of habeas corpus order judged within one year by the criminal chamber of the Court of Alagoas, were present when the foundation the need for prison maintenance ante the presence of authorizers requirements to decree; the data revealed that the "dangerousness of the prisoner," the "possibility of repetition delitiva" and the "gravity of the crime" were the reasons that concentrated the attention of the judges. Thus, separated three typical decisions and through the content analysis method, I looked beyond the declared content, that other, unspoken, hidden, able to reveal the real reason for the high number of preventive imprisonment. In conclusion, the research has shown that pre-trial detention has fulfilled a real security measure attributable to function, considered "dangerous" if giving high importance to the elements of information collected during the investigation, since "its conduct", and revealing the "dangerousness" is none other than that assigned by the police. In this regard, police selectivity held, as shown by studies of critical criminology on the weakest and most precarious strata of society, is sealed by the court selectivity, which contributes decisively to the criminal justice system to hold its real neutralization of functions and discipline of classes lower social.
O caminho percorrido neste trabalho teve como ponto de partida a exposição dos marcos teóricos do liberalismo clássico e da criminologia positivista, responsáveis pela construção do discurso jurídico-penal que legitima o poder de punir do Estado e da ideologia da defesa social, a qual, em suma, sustenta ser o direito penal uma reação ao comportamento de uma minoria desviante e proteção aos interesses da maioria; ou seja, o crime como um mal e a pena como resposta, remédio, que o Estado está legitimado a ministrar seja como retribuição, seja como contra-estímulo, para restauração da ordem. Ato contínuo, expus como pesquisas realizadas a partir dos aportes teóricos da reação social e, especialmente, da criminologia crítica, foram responsáveis pela deslegitimação daquele discurso e ideologia, revelando a verdadeira e oculta função do sistema penal, sua eficácia invertida: a legitimação e reprodução das assimetrias sociais através do controle social dos extratos mais vulneráveis. A dimensão desta disfunção pode ser medida quando conhecido que cerca de 40% (quarenta por cento), no Brasil, e 60% (sessenta por cento), em Alagoas, dentre todos os encarcerados, experimentam prisão preventiva, número que chama a atenção de criminólogos, mas também de pesquisadores de diversas outras áreas, bem como de uma parcela da sociedade civil, para a opção feita pelo sistema de justiça criminal de privação da liberdade anterior à condenação e, muitas vezes, ao próprio processamento. E, isto, apesar de o discurso declarado ou o conteúdo programático do direito processual brasileiro erigir a presunção de inocência a princípio fundamental, com assento na Constituição Federal e, portanto, como regra que impede o tratamento de culpado àqueles que não tenham sido condenados pela prática de um crime. A partir deste problema, então, realizei a coleta de dados de todos os acórdãos denegatórios de ordem de habeas corpus julgados no período de um ano pela câmara criminal do Tribunal de Justiça de Alagoas, quando estivesse presente no fundamento a necessidade da manutenção da prisão ante a presença dos requisitos autorizadores para decreto; os dados revelaram que a periculosidade do preso , a possibilidade de reiteração delitiva e a gravidade do crime eram os motivos que concentravam a atenção dos magistrados. Desta forma, separei três decisões típicas e, através do método de análise de conteúdo, busquei, para além do conteúdo declarado, aquele outro, não dito, oculto, capaz de revelar o real motivo para o alto número de encarceramento preventivo. Em conclusão, a pesquisa demonstrou que a prisão preventiva tem cumprido uma real função de medida de segurança para imputáveis, considerados perigosos , dando-se elevada importância aos elementos informativos colhidos durante a investigação, posto que a conduta imputada , e reveladora da periculosidade , não é outra senão aquela atribuída pela autoridade policial. Neste sentido, a seletividade policial, realizada, como demonstram os estudos da criminologia crítica sobre os extratos mais débeis e precários da sociedade, é chancelada pela seletividade judicial, que contribui decisivamente para que o sistema penal realize suas reais funções de neutralização e disciplina das classes sociais inferiores
Joyner, Katherine. "Beyond medicine is ASEAN advancing social, economic, and political justice through HIV/AIDS prevention? /." Connect to Electronic Thesis (CONTENTdm), 2009. http://worldcat.org/oclc/456291051/viewonline.
Full textFildes, Alistair. "What are the Barriers Preventing the Police from Using Procedural Justice When Interacting With the Public?" Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367373.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Arts, Education and Law
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Youngblood, Michelle K. "Juvenile Justice Sentencing: Are There Alternatives?" Thesis, University of North Texas, 2000. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc2664/.
Full textNASH, JULIA CHRISTINE. "EARLY INTERVENTION AS A CRIME PREVENTION STRATEGY: ASSESSING THE EMPIRICAL EVIDENCE." University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2006. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1148064221.
Full textHeliso, Tamene Ena. "South-African german centre transnational criminal justice and crime prevention: An international and African perspective." University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/6381.
Full textCorruption is a global problem, which poses a serious threat to the development of countries and their people. Although its impact varies, all nations are facing the evils of corruption and, therefore, the international community calls upon states to take preventive and deterrent measures against corruption. For example, the United Nations Convention against Corruption (UNCAC) and the African Union Convention on Preventing and Combating Corruption (AU Convention) obligate their member states to have both legal and institutional frameworks for effectively fighting corruption.
Miller, Lisa Lynn. "Taking control : race, community and the politics of crime prevention /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10771.
Full textMichalowski, Sabine. "Medical confidentiality in the context of crime prevention and criminal prosecution : a comparative study." Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2001. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/15088/.
Full textIp, Wai-man. "Approaching positive outcomes versus preventing negative ones : self-regulatory focus and its implications for close-mindedness and victimization /." Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21240498.
Full textPásara, Pazos Luis. "The victims within the reformed criminal justice system." Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2015. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/115500.
Full textEl presente artículo analiza la incidencia negativa de las reformas llevadas a cabo en los sistemas penales de América Latina, tanto en relación a quien sufre un delito, como respecto a quien es acusado de haberlo cometido. Sustentado en información empírica, el autor advierte cómo las novedades del proceso penal reformado (por ejemplo, el procedimiento abreviado o el rol activo a desempeñar por los fiscales), al inscribirse en una cultura jurídica autoritaria, devienen en la práctica en formas contrarias a su diseño ideal.
Wilson, Belinda R. "The Forgotten Signature: An Observational Study on Policy of Securing Identity in Prevention of Identity Theft and Credit/Debit Card Fraud at Retail Store POS Terminals." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3074.
Full textVlugter, Roberta. "Too little, too late? : parenting orders as a form of crime prevention." Thesis, University of Bedfordshire, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10547/326354.
Full textBoettner, John Lewis. "Environmental justice through pollution prevention development of a quantitative method to assess community vulnerability and air emission hazard for optimal impact /." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2002. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=2495.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 137 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 104-105).
葉慧敏 and Wai-man Ip. "Approaching positive outcomes versus preventing negative ones: self-regulatory focus and its implicationsfor close-mindedness and victimization." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31222742.
Full textPooley, Kamarah. "An evaluation of youth justice conferencing for youth misuse of fire." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2018. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/116520/1/Kamarah_Pooley_Thesis.pdf.
Full textLancefield, Kay. "Early intervention to reduce young peoples’ contact with the criminal justice system : local knowledge to inform practice." Thesis, Federation University Australia, 2021. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/178766.
Full textDoctor of Philosophy
Reddy, Leah Noelle. "An Experimental Study on the Impact of Informal Rape Myth Education to Alter Rape Myth Acceptance Scores in a Non-Student Sample." PDXScholar, 2018. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4460.
Full textBoudreau, Melissa. "Africentric Resilience Training: A Prevention Program for African American Soldiers." Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1427931320.
Full textMagobotiti, Chris Derby. "The contribution of social work to the prevention of crime by the criminal justice system in the Western Cape." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/52500.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study deals with crime prevention within the criminal justice system in response to the current crime situation in the Western Cape. It describes the structure and function of the criminal justice system and assesses crime prevention processes with specific reference to the role of social work within the criminal justice system. It further examines the criminal justice system as practised in the Western Cape, paying specific attention to the role of the police, criminal courts and prisons in the prevention of crime. In line with the nature of the study an exploratory approach was used. The data was collected from both primary and secondary sources. Interviews and observations were the main research techniques used for gathering primary data. Secondary data + was gathered by means of a study of the literature. Structured and unstructured interviews were conducted with social workers, magistrates, police officers, prosecutors, victims, offenders, community workers and other officials of the criminal justice system. These interviews were mainly conducted at Wynberg magistrates' court, Drakenstein Prison (formerly known as Victor Verster Prison) and organisations based in the metro areas and on the Cape Flats. The study was conducted over a period of three years with the interview schedule administered between May and August 2000. A sample of 21 respondents was selected on the basis of a purposive approach and procedure. The comprehensive interview schedule consisted of mainly open-ended and a few closed questions, generating information on the profiles of respondents, crime dynamics in the Western Cape, the sentencing process and prevention strategies, matters related to the criminal justice system and corrections, and the role of community justice in the prevention of crime. The generated qualitative data was analysed and interpreted. The findings suggested the necessity for social work to make a contribution to the prevention of crime in a sensitive and proactive way. The analysis has shown that criminal justice approaches can significantly enhance the process of crime prevention, but that the criminal justice system requires combined strategies and approaches for crime prevention to be effective. It is in this context that the contribution of social work can be much more effective. The recommendations of the study have demonstrated a need for social workers to promote approaches that are premised on a broader understanding of the role of the criminal justice system in the prevention of crime. It is important to state that the study's recommendations for the prevention of .crirne can also be implemented by other role-players, particularly within the criminal justice system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie ondersoek handeloor misdaadvoorkoming deur die strafregstelsel in reaksie tot die huidige misdaadsituasie in-die Wes-Kaap. Dit beskryf die struktuur en funksie van die stafregstelsel en beoordeel misdaadvoorkomingsprosesse met besondere verwysing na die rol van maatskaplike werk binne die strafregstelsel. Dit ondersoek verder die strafregstelsel soos beoefen in die Wes-Kaap deur veral aandag te gee aan die rol van die polisie, die howe en gevangenisse in die voorkoming van misdaad. Die aard van die ondersoek vereis dat 'n eksplorerende benadering gevolg is. Data is versamel uit primêre sowel as sekondêre bronne. Onderhoude en waarnemings + was die hoof navorsingstegnieke wat gebruik is om primêre data te versamel. Sekondêre data is weer verkry deur 'n studie van die literatuur. Gestruktureerde en ongestruktureerde onderhoude is gevoer met maatskaplike werkers, landdroste, polisie beamptes, openbare vervolgers, slagoffers, gevonnisde misdadigers, gemeenkapswerkers en ander beamptes van die strafregstelsel. Hierdie onderhoude is hoofsaaklik gevoer by die Wynbergse landdroshof, Drakenstein Gevangenis (voorheen Victor Verster Gevangenis) en organisasies werksaam in die metropolitaanse gebiede en die Kaapse Vlakte. Die ondersoek is onderneem oor 'n periode van drie jaar met die onderhoude gevoer tussen Mei en Augustus 2000. 'n Steekproef van 21 respondente is geselekteer op die grondslag van 'n doelgerigte benadering en prosedure. Die omvangryke onderhoudskedule bestaan uit oorwegend oop en 'n beperkte aantal geslote vrae, en het inligting gegenereer oor die respondent-profiel, misdaad-dinamika in die Wes-Kaap, die vonnisopleggingsproses en voorkomingstrategieë, sake rakende die strafregstelsel en korrektiewe optrede, en die rol van gemeenskapsreg in die voorkoming van suggereer die noodsaaklikheid daarvan vir maatskaplike werk om 'n bydrae te lewer ,- tot die voorkoming van misdaad op 'n sensitiewe en proaktiewe wyse. Die ontledings het aangetoon dat strafregbenaderings die proses van misdaadvoorkoming beduidend kan verhoog maar om misdaadvoorkoming effektief te laat geskied, vereis die strafregstelsel gekombineerde strategieë en benaderings. Dit is binne hierdie verband dat die bydrae van maatskaplike werk baie meer effektief kan wees. Die aanbevelings van die ondersoek wys op 'n behoefte by maatskaplike werkers om benaderings te bevorder wat gebaseer is op 'n breër begrip van die rol van die strafregstelsel in die voorkoming van misdaad. Dit is van belang om te stel dat die ondersoek se aanbevelings vir die voorkoming van misdaad ook geïmplementeer kan word deur ander rolspelers, veral binne die strafregstelsel.
Torres, Vanessa E. "Commercial Sexual Exploitation of Children| A Prevention Program for Girls in the Child Welfare and/or Juvenile Justice System." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784207.
Full textThe purpose of this project was to write a grant and locate a funder to provide a commercial sexual exploitation of children (CSEC) prevention course for female youth in the child welfare and/or juvenile justice system. Caregivers and social service professionals will also be included. There is great demand for the proposed program as an increasing number of youth, specifically those involved in the child welfare system and/or juvenile justice system, are at risk for CSEC.
The proposed program will provide education of risk factors that can lead to CSEC as well as how to identify potential victims. The identified youth, caregivers, and social service professionals will attend their respective courses. The youth’s course will be held at Olive Crest in the City of Bellflower, located in Service Planning Area (SPA) 7 of Los Angeles County. The caregivers’ and social service professionals’ courses will be held in probation and Department of Children and Family Services offices within the same area. The Hearst Foundation was chosen as the potential funder.
The actual submission of the grant application was not a requirement of the thesis project.
Hallberg, Wotango Emanuel. "Straffrabatt för unga myndiga -En idèanalys om debatten kring straffrabatten för unga myndiga." Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för humaniora, utbildnings- och samhällsvetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-90161.
Full textKhan, Natasha. "Do transitional justice strategies address small island developing states niche conflicts? : preventing the recurrence of coups d’état : study of Fiji." Thesis, University of York, 2015. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/17877/.
Full textSteinsland, Linda Renate. "The response of the South African Police Service in the prevention and management of domestic violence." Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1019982.
Full textOliveira, Neto Emetério Silva de. "Acesso à justiça: a insuficiência da via judicial para a sua efetivação." reponame:Repositório Institucional da UFC, 2015. http://www.repositorio.ufc.br/handle/riufc/16366.
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The core objective of this research is to investigate if access to justice is synonymous to access to the courts, confusing thus by the public subjective right of action, conferred to anyone who claims a material right, as advocated Chiovenda and Liebman. To this end, it takes into account some diagnoses, most of them derived from the “Conselho Nacional de Justiça” (National Council of Justice — CNJ), such as the satisfaction of the society for jurisdictional services at national level and the amount of investments made in support of the judiciary power in recent years, compared to the level of litigation and the quality of response that it gives to the cases constantly brought. Initially, it investigates the concept of Justice, from the foundations built by eminent thinkers, like Aristotle, Hans Kelsen and John Rawls, in order to discover the theoretical and philosophical foundations of the idea of access to justice. Then, in the light of a critical analysis, it finds out that access to justice is not a synonymous to access to the courts, which, despite being an important way for such, is insufficient to the full realization of this jus fundamental guarantee. In this scenario, the possibility of resolving conflicts through alternative, non adversarial means reappears, such as conciliation, mediation and arbitration, ways that, in many situations, provide access to the most resourceful and worthy justice. In tailpiece, it defends a necessary reinterpretation of access to justice, based on the disruption of the old paradigm, adopting as a theoretical framework Thomas Kuhn and Boaventura de Sousa Santos. In this sense, under the consideration that access to justice should imply access to a fair legal system, two relevant aspects receive special attention, namely: access to justice as direct access to the rights and the shared jurisdiction, strengthening, once again, the use of the so-called persuasive means and, moreover, democratic participation for obtainment of goods and values, which together make up the social justice. As a consequence, it is seen that the preventive access to justice avoids litigation, and should be primarily fomented by the Executive and Legislative, each within their competence spheres. It is a qualitative research, of markedly bibliographic nature, but at certain times it makes use of judgments given by the “Supremo Tribunal Federal” (Supreme Federal Court — STF) and other national courts as well as data and reports produced by public and private institutions, and scholars of the subject.
O objetivo nuclear desta pesquisa é o de investigar se o acesso à justiça é sinônimo de acesso ao Poder Judiciário, confundindo-se, deste modo, com o direito subjetivo público de ação, conferido, conforme defenderam Chiovenda e Liebman, a quem pleiteia um direito material. Para tanto, levam-se em consideração alguns diagnósticos, sendo os principais oriundos do Conselho Nacional de Justiça (CNJ), como o da satisfação da sociedade ante a prestação jurisdicional em nível nacional e os relativos aos altos investimentos realizados em prol do Judiciário nos últimos anos, comparativamente ao grau de litigiosidade e da qualidade da resposta que esta função estatal dá às situações que se lhe achegam constantemente. Inicialmente, se investiga o conceito de Justiça, a partir dos alicerces construídos por eminentes pensadores, a exemplo de Aristóteles, Hans Kelsen e John Rawls, o que se fez com o fito de descobrir os fundamentos teórico-filosóficos da ideia de acesso à justiça. Em seguida, à luz de uma análise crítica, descobre-se que o acesso à justiça não é sinônimo de acesso ao Poder Judiciário, o qual, a despeito de ser um importante caminho para tal, afigura-se insuficiente à plena efetivação desta garantia jus fundamental. Nesse cenário, ressurge a possibilidade de se resolver conflitos por vias alternativas, não adversariais, a exemplo da conciliação, da mediação e da arbitragem, meios que em inúmeras situações proporcionam um acesso à justiça mais desembaraçado e digno. Em arremate, defende-se uma necessária releitura do acesso à justiça, fundamentada na quebra do velho paradigma, adotando como referencial teórico Thomas Kuhn e Boaventura de Sousa Santos. Nesse caminhar, sob o influxo de que o acesso à justiça deve implicar acesso a uma ordem jurídica justa, dois aspectos de sumo relevo receberam especial atenção, a saber: o do acesso à justiça como acesso direto aos direitos e o de jurisdição compartilhada, fortalecendo-se, assim, uma vez mais, o uso dos meios ditos suasórios e, ademais, a participação democrática para o auferimento dos bens e valores, que em conjunto conformam a justiça social. Como consequência, verifica-se que o acesso preventivo à justiça evita a litigiosidade, e deve ser prioritariamente fomentado pelos Poderes Executivo e Legislativo, cada qual dentro das suas esferas competenciais. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa, de cunho marcadamente bibliográfico, mas que em determinados momentos se vale de decisões proferidas pelo Supremo Tribunal Federal e outros tribunais pátrios, além de dados e relatórios produzidos por órgãos públicos e privados, e por estudiosos da matéria.
Ede, Andrew. "The Prevention of Police Corruption and Misconduct: A Criminological Analysis of Complaints Against Police." Thesis, Griffith University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365215.
Full textThesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Criminology and Criminal Justice
Arts, Education and Law
Full Text
Chavez, Nicholas Marshall. "CAN WE LEARN FROM HACKERS TO PROTECT VICTIMS?" CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2018. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/690.
Full textSackett, Kate Louise. "Intimate Partner Violence Impact Panels for Batterer Intervention: a Mixed-Methods Evaluation of a Restorative Justice Process." PDXScholar, 2017. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4080.
Full textMinieri, Alexandra M. "NOT JUST A WOMEN’S ISSUE: HOW MALE UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS UNDERSTAND THEIR DEVELOPMENT AS SOCIAL JUSTICE ALLIES FOR PREVENTING MEN’S VIOLENCE AGAINST WOMEN." UKnowledge, 2014. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/edp_etds/20.
Full textPiasecki, Caroline. "L'utilisation de la justice organisationnelle dans une démarche de prévention des risques psychosociaux." Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017AZUR2021/document.
Full textIn the context of intensification of work, psychosocial risks (PSR) have attracted great interest. Over the past few years, PSR prevention and the quality of worklife have become public health issues, and have more than ever drawn both private and public companies' attention. Beyond PSR factors such as job characteristics, the literature helped us identify organizational justice as a predictor of occupational health (Elovainio et al., 2003; Robbins et al., 2012). Our first study’s goal was to gain a better understanding of the mechanisms with which justice dimensions affect well-being and withdrawal variables. Our results revealed that justice perceptions act as a mediator in the relationship between job characteristics and well-being variables such as satisfaction, commitment, burnout (or emotional exhaustion), and withdrawal intentions, even if most of the time the mediation is partial. Indeed, some job characteristics, such as supervisory support maintain an important and direct predictive role, putting management at the center of the prevention system. Our second study focused on the introduction of organizational justice principles at the core of a PSR training course for executive staff in a hospital. Evaluating the effects of this action on the personnel's feelings of justice showed the utility of training the Executive staff in justice principles. Thus, we have been able to extend the scope of PSR prevention in the field by showing the pivotal role the principles of justice play in work design
Matshakaile, Thabani Nkosiyapha. "Access to justice for non-citizens : a constitutional analysis." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86576.
Full textENGLISH ABSTRACT: The rights entrenched in the Bill of Rights in South Africa’s final Constitution are, with a few exceptions, guaranteed to citizens and non-citizens alike. South Africa has seen an influx of migrants, asylum seekers and refugees since 1994, and this migratory movement has posed significant challenges to the post-apartheid legal order. This thesis is concerned with the State’s implementation of its constitutional obligations to protect and guarantee the constitutional rights of everyone within the borders of South Africa. It is important that these constitutional obligations do not remain mere aspirations but should translate into reality. Most non-citizens living in South Africa face numerous barriers to accessing justice and the processes that could enable them to realise their rights. The thesis examines the concept of “access to justice” and investigates a number of obstacles encountered by different categories of non-citizens – such as refugees, asylum seekers and documented and undocumented migrants – in trying to access justice and to realise their rights. Against this background, arrest, detention and deportation under the Immigration Act and Refugees Act are examined because these processes have often been abused by State officials to prevent non-citizens from accessing the rights and protections guaranteed in these Acts and the Constitution, and to frustrate the implementation of court orders vindicating the rights of non-citizens. The application of the Immigration and Refugees Acts is discussed through the lens of sections 12(1), 33, 34 and 35(2) of the Constitution which ensure that arrest, detention and deportation are done in a lawful and procedurally fair manner, as opposed to the arbitrariness that most non-citizens experience on a daily basis. Secondly, the thesis also examines access to justice for non-citizens in the context of xenophobia and bias based crimes. The State has in the past failed to respond in a coordinated and timely fashion in the face of violent manifestations of xenophobia. Against this background, the State’s obligation to protect non-citizens from violence from either public or private sources in terms of section 12(1)(c) of the Constitution is discussed and analysed. The role, accessibility and effectiveness of Equality Courts are also examined in light of the Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act and the cases that were brought before them emanating from xenophobic incidents. The thesis concludes with proposals on areas which require better implementation of existing laws; and areas in which legislative reform is needed.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die regte wat in die Handves van Regte in Suid-Afrika se finale Grondwet veranker is, word op enkele uitsonderings na vir burgers en nie-burgers gewaarborg. Sedert 1994 het Suid- Afrika instroming van migrante, asielsoekers en vlugtelinge beleef, en hierdie verskuiwing het wesenlike uitdagings aan die post-apartheid regsorde gestel. Hierdie tesis is gemoeid met die Staat se implementering van sy grondwetlike verpligting om die grondwetlike regte van almal wat hul binne Suid-Afrika se landsgrense bevind, te beskerm en te waarborg. Dit is belangrik dat hierdie grondwetlike verpligtinge nie blote aspirasies bly nie, maar ’n werklikheid word. Die meeste nie-burgers wat in Suid-Afrika woon staar talle hindernisse in die gesig wat dit vir hulle moeilik maak om toegang tot geregtigheid te verkry en om hul regte te verwesenlik. Die tesis ondersoek die begrip “toegang tot geregtigheid” en bekyk aantal struikelblokke in die weg van verskillende kategorieë nie-burgers – soos vlugtelinge, asielsoekers en gedokumenteerde en nie-gedokumenteerde migrante – wat toegang tot geregtigheid probeer verkry en hul regte probeer verwesenlik. Teen hierdie agtergrond word arrestasie, aanhouding en deportering ingevolge die Wet op Immigrasie en die Wet op Vlugtelinge ondersoek, aangesien hierdie prosesse dikwels deur staatsamptenare misbruik word om nie-burgers te verhinder om toegang te verkry tot die regte en beskermings wat in hierdie wetgewing en in die Grondwet gewaarborg word, en om geregtelike bevele wat die regte van nie-burgers afdwing, te verydel. Die toepassing van die Wet op Immigrasie en die Wet op Vlugtelinge word deur die lens van artikels 12(1), 33, 34 en 35(2) van die Grondwet bespreek, wat probeer verseker dat arrestasie, aanhouding en deportering op regmatige en prosedureel billike manier geskied, in teenstelling met die willekeur wat nie-burgers op daaglikse basis ervaar. Tweedens ondersoek die tesis toegang tot geregtigheid vir nie-burgers in die konteks van vreemdelingehaat en misdade wat op vooroordeel gebaseer is. Die Staat het in die verlede in gebreke gebly om in die aangesig van gewelddadige manifesterings van vreemdelingehaat op gekoördineerde en tydige manier te reageer. Die Staat se verpligting om ingevolge artikel 12(1)(c) van die Grondwet nie-burgers teen geweld van hetsy openbare hetsy private oorsprong te beskerm, word bespreek en ontleed. Die rol, toeganklikheid en doeltreffendheid van gelykheidshowe word ook bespreek in die lig van die Promotion of Equality and Prevention of Unfair Discrimination Act en die sake wat deur hierdie howe beslis is wat uit xenofobiese voorvalle voortspruit. Die tesis sluit af met voorstelle oor terreine waar beter implementering van bestaande wetgewing benodig word, asook terreine waar wetgewende hervorming verlang word.
Moraes, Filho Odilon Carpes. "Os mecanismos de controle preventivo de constitucionalidade no direito brasileiro." reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/76771.
Full textEste trabalho tem o objetivo de catalogar e descrever os mecanismos de controle preventivo de constitucionalidade existentes no ordenamento pátrio. Tradicionalmente, costuma-se classificar o controle de constitucionalidade das leis em dois ou três modelos: americano e austríaco (alguns acrescem o modelo francês), em vista da origem dos controles: difuso e concentrado (e preventivo), respectivamente. Todavia, conforme se busca demonstrar, não há como, atualmente, considerar tal classificação de modo estanque, na medida em que cada país mescla características dos modelos apontados, a fim de adaptá-las à cultura jurídica do lugar. Nesse rumo, tem-se, em um ordenamento jurídico, mecanismos (e não modelos) de controle de constitucionalidade. Alguns são repressivos (em que controle se dá após publicado o ato normativo), outros são preventivos (quando o controle se opera durante o processo legislativo). Outra acepção ainda se vislumbra: quando o controle é exercido pelo Poder Judiciário e quando não é. Desta forma, o trabalho abordará os mecanismos, não-jurisdicionais e jurisdicionais, de controle preventivo de constitucionalidade encontrados no Brasil, quais sejam, controle de constitucionalidade realizado pelo presidente da Câmara dos Deputados, pelas comissões de constituição e justiça, o veto do presidente da República, a análise dos pressupostos constitucionais das medidas provisórias no Congresso Nacional, o controle incidental realizado durante o processo legislativo, o controle preventivo de constitucionalidade de proposta de emenda constitucional tendente a abolir uma cláusula pétrea e a possibilidade de controle prévio pela ação de descumprimento de preceito fundamental.
Cruz, Pastrana Víctor Manuel. "Análisis sobre la existencia de presunción de inocencia en la prisión preventiva oficiosa dentro del nuevo sistema de justicia penal en México." Tesis de Licenciatura, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de México, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11799/58697.
Full textPerricane, Lisa Helen. "County Demographic Influence on Toxic Chemical Activities of Chemical-Related Industry in Michigan." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/1420.
Full textOliver, Willard M. "The law & order presidency." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1699.
Full textTitle from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains ix, 472 p. : ill. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 435-472).