Journal articles on the topic 'Prevention of Anxiety and Depression Program'
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Schmitt, Julia C., Rosa M. Valiente, Julia García-Escalera, Sandra Arnáez, Victoria Espinosa, Bonifacio Sandín, and Paloma Chorot. "Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Subclinical Adolescents: Effects of a Transdiagnostic Internet-Delivered CBT Program." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 9 (April 28, 2022): 5365. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19095365.
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Anxiety and depressive symptoms are common problems in adolescence that could be addressed by means of preventive interventions. Even though transdiagnostic cognitive behavior therapy (T-CBT) is potentially an ideal strategy to deal with anxiety and depression, it has rarely been used for preventive purposes. In addition, so far, no study has used internet-delivered T-CBT to prevent anxiety and depression in adolescents. This study aimed to examine the utility of AMTE, an internet-delivered T-CBT program, for the indicated prevention of anxiety and depression in adolescents. AMTE was applied to 30 adolescents (56.7% females, age range = 12–18 years, Mage = 14.00, SDage = 1.89) who showed subclinical symptoms of anxiety and/or depression. Participants were assessed at pre- and post-treatment and follow-up (3 months). We found that after the program, the symptoms of self-reported anxiety and depression, clinician-rated symptom severity, and self-reported and parent-reported severity of the main problems had significantly improved. In addition, there were significant improvements in anxiety sensitivity and emotional avoidance. Finally, we found high feasibility and acceptability of the program. AMTE is feasible and potentially effective for the indicated prevention of anxiety and depression as well as of clinical transdiagnostic factors, in adolescents.
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Hannan, Anthony P., Ronald M. Rapee, and Jennifer L. Hudson. "The Prevention of Depression in Children: A Pilot Study." Behaviour Change 17, no. 2 (June 1, 2000): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.17.2.78.
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AbstractTwenty, fifth- and sixth-grade students who reported mild depressive symptomatology were placed into a brief intervention program. The program was conducted over eight, weekly, 90-minute sessions and aimed to teach students depression management strategies and positive coping skills. Significant reductions in symptoms of depression, anxiety and externalising behaviour were found and maintained for six months. The results lend support to the effectiveness of this brief program for early intervention in depression. The potential for the program to prevent the later development of clinical depression and related problems is discussed.
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Krijnen-de Bruin, Esther, Jasmijn A. Geerlings, Anna DT Muntingh, Willemijn D. Scholten, Otto R. Maarsingh, Annemieke van Straten, Neeltje M. Batelaan, and Berno van Meijel. "Evaluation of a Blended Relapse Prevention Program for Anxiety and Depression in General Practice: Qualitative Study." JMIR Formative Research 5, no. 2 (February 16, 2021): e23200. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23200.
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Background Existing studies have yet to investigate the perspectives of patients and professionals concerning relapse prevention programs for patients with remitted anxiety or depressive disorders in primary care. User opinions should be considered when optimizing the use and implementation of interventions. Objective This study aimed to evaluate the GET READY relapse prevention programs for patients with remitted anxiety or depressive disorders in general practice. Methods Semistructured interviews (N=26) and focus group interviews (N=2) with patients and mental health professionals (MHPs) in the Netherlands were performed. Patients with remitted anxiety or depressive disorders and their MHPs who participated in the GET READY study were interviewed individually. Findings from the interviews were tested in focus group interviews with patients and MHPs. Data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Results Participants were positive about the program because it created awareness of relapse risks. Lack of motivation, lack of recognizability, lack of support from the MHP, and symptom severity (too low or too high) appeared to be limiting factors in the use of the program. MHPs play a crucial role in motivating and supporting patients in relapse prevention. The perspectives of patients and MHPs were largely in accordance, although they had different perspectives concerning responsibilities for taking initiative. Conclusions The implementation of the GET READY program was challenging. Guidance from MHPs should be offered for relapse prevention programs based on eHealth. Both MHPs and patients should align their expectations concerning responsibilities in advance to ensure optimal usage. Usage of blended relapse prevention programs may be further enhanced by diagnosis-specific programs and easily accessible support from MHPs. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12888-019-2034-6
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Johnson, Leslie C. M., Allissa Desloge, Thirunavukkarasu Sathish, Emily D. Williams, Pilvikki Absetz, Tilahun Haregu, Jeroen De Man, Kavumpurathu Raman Thankappan, and Brian Oldenburg. "The relationship between common mental disorders and incident diabetes among participants in the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program (K-DPP)." PLOS ONE 16, no. 7 (July 23, 2021): e0255217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0255217.
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This study aims to describe the prevalence of depression and anxiety among a population sample of people at high risk for type 2 diabetes in Kerala, India, and examine the relationship between depressive symptoms, anxiety, and incident Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM) over a two-year period. We used data from the Kerala Diabetes Prevention Program, a cluster-randomized controlled trial for diabetes prevention among 1007 high-risk individuals. The prevalence of depression and anxiety were estimated using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the Generalized Anxiety Disorder 7-item scale, respectively. We calculated proportions for depression and anxiety and performed generalized estimating equations (GEE) to examine the relationship between baseline mental health status and incident T2DM. The prevalence of depression and anxiety at baseline were 7.5% and 5.5%, respectively. Compared with those reporting none/low symptoms, the odds ratio for incident diabetes was 1.07 (95% CI 0.54–2.12) for participants with moderate to severe depression and 0.73 (95% CI 0.23–2.28) for participants with moderate to severe anxiety, after adjusting for potential confounders. Our findings suggest that the prevalence of depression and anxiety were higher than those previously reported in the general population in India. However, among this sample of community-based adults at high risk of developing T2DM, the presence of moderate to severe depression and/or anxiety symptoms was not significantly associated with the risk of developing T2DM. Trial registration: Australia and New Zealand Clinical Trials Registry ACTRN12611000262909. Registered 10 March 2011.
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Dozois, David J. A., Pamela M. Seeds, and Kerry A. Collins. "Transdiagnostic Approaches to the Prevention of Depression and Anxiety." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 23, no. 1 (February 2009): 44–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.23.1.44.
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This article describes the rationale for a transdiagnostic approach to the prevention of depression and anxiety. Preventive interventions have typically been developed in isolation and have often focused on depression or anxiety as independent constructs. Yet these disorders frequently co-occur and share a number of risk and vulnerability factors. We review 4 modifiable risk factors and suggest preventive strategies: (1) negative cognitive content and processes; (2) parental psychopathology and parenting; (3) stress and coping; and (4) behavioral inhibition and avoidance. Though many of these strategies have been applied in existing preventive programs, some risk factors that may be important to emphasize in preventive interventions are not targeted routinely. Moreover, by adopting a transdiagnostic approach to prevention (understanding and targeting modifiable vulnerability factors that cut across these disorders), the efficacy, generalizability, and cost-effectiveness of preventive interventions may be enhanced.
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Adermann, Jenny, and Marilyn Campbell. "Anxiety Prevention in Indigenous Youth." Journal of Student Wellbeing 1, no. 2 (February 4, 2008): 34. http://dx.doi.org/10.21913/jsw.v1i2.175.
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Anxiety is the most prevalent psychopathology in young people, with up to 18% suffering from one or more anxiety disorders. Early prevention is important, as many signs of anxiety are often evident in childhood and adolescence. Anxiety disorders have negative consequences for academic, social and individual outcomes, and have been shown to be a precursor to depression, suicide and substance abuse. It is important to focus on a general population health approach of embedding anxiety prevention programs in the school curriculum as well as providing targeted intervention for indicated and at risk groups. Although there are some excellent evidence-based anxiety and depression prevention programs for children and adolescents, there has been little research into the prevention of anxiety in minority populations such as Indigenous young people. While it is easy to hypothesise that Australian Indigenous youth may suffer high levels of anxiety, data to support this are scant. Issues of appropriate research methodology; differing constructs of mental health; variable stressors and protective factors; and difficulties with culturally appropriate assessments and interventions complicate studies. Prevention and early intervention anxiety programs need to be culturally sensitive and adapted for Indigenous youth. This paper argues for more research to be conducted on the specific prevention needs in this seemingly vulnerable population.
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Gallegos, Julia, Alejandra Rodríguez, Graciela Gómez, Marisol Rabelo, and Mónica Fernanda Gutiérrez. "The FRIENDS for Life Program for Mexican Girls Living in an Orphanage: A Pilot Study." Behaviour Change 29, no. 1 (March 2012): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2012.8.
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Anxiety and depression are common problems experienced by children and adolescents that, without an effective intervention, can lead to a series of negative consequences. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness the Spanish version of the FRIENDS for Life program (Barrett, 2008a, 2008b), a social and emotional skills program that uses cognitive-behavioural techniques for the prevention and early intervention of anxiety and depression. The program was implemented at the selective level of prevention with girls living at an orphanage in Mexico. Participants received the program for 10 consecutive weeks, and pretest and post-test measures were administered. Measures evaluated participants’ anxiety and depressive symptoms and risk status, proactive coping skills, levels of self-concept, self-esteem, and optimism. Social validity was also assessed. Results showed positive changes particularly in optimism and self-concept. Particular items and subscales of the measures also reported statistically significant changes, such as a decrease in worry, physiological symptoms of anxiety, and negative mood, and an increase in self-esteem at home and with peers. Participants evaluated the program as enjoyable and useful. Implications of the findings and further research are discussed.
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Barrett, Paula M., and Kristine M. Pahl. "School-Based Intervention: Examining a Universal Approach to Anxiety Management." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2006): 55–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.16.1.55.
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AbstractAnxiety disorders are among the most common mental health problems affecting children and adolescents. Current estimates indicate that 1 in 5 children or 4 to 6 students within a classroom of 30 children are at risk for developing an anxiety disorder (Boyd, Kostanski, Gullone, Ollendick, & Shek, 2000). Of these children, many will not receive clinical intervention. The school environment is the optimal setting to address this issue and to minimise the risk and prevent the development of anxiety disorders. This article examines the importance of early intervention and prevention within the school setting through an examination of the risk and protective factors of anxiety and the comparability of three approaches to prevention in schools — selective, indicated, and universal approaches. All three prevention approaches are discussed along with the advantages and disadvantages of each. The applicability of the universal approach to prevention is discussed in relation to the FRIENDS for Life (FRIENDS) program (Barrett, 2004, 2005) and its implementation within schools. The FRIENDS program is an evidence-based, cognitive–behavioural anxiety program for children and youth. It is the only evidence-based program endorsed by the World Health Organization as an effective program for the prevention and treatment of anxiety and depression in children and youth.
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Zwaanswijk, Marieke, and Mia P. Kösters. "Children's and Parents’ Evaluations of ‘FRIENDS for Life’, an Indicated School-Based Prevention Program for Children With Symptoms of Anxiety and Depression." Behaviour Change 32, no. 4 (September 18, 2015): 243–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/bec.2015.13.
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There is evidence that the school-based program FRIENDS for Life is effective in preventing childhood anxiety and depression. Effectiveness is, however, not the only prerequisite for successful implementation. Participants’ evaluation of a prevention program may provide suggestions about how to fine-tune it to fit the needs of the target population. This study investigated children's and parents’ evaluations of the Dutch version of FRIENDS for Life. Forty-four participants of FRIENDS for Life (9–13 years) participated in online focus groups and 38 parents were interviewed in 2011–2012. Questions concerned the general opinion about the program, its perceived effectiveness and group atmosphere, and suggestions for program improvement. Most children (95.5%) and parents (65.8%) evaluated the program positively, and the majority (61.4% and 76.3%) thought that it had been useful in changing the child's behaviour. Children and parents expressed complementary views about the behaviours the child had learned. Some children (38.6%) expressed negative opinions about the program. Parents’ attendance at parent meetings was low (31.6–36.8%). Considered together with the growing evidence of the effectiveness of FRIENDS for Life, we concluded that it can be successfully implemented as an indicated prevention program in primary schools for children who show symptoms of anxiety or depression. Efforts could be made to increase parents’ involvement in the program.
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Dozeman, Els, Harm W. J. van Marwijk, Digna J. F. van Schaik, Filip Smit, Max L. Stek, Henriëtte E. van der Horst, Ernst T. Bohlmeijer, and Aartjan T. F. Beekman. "Contradictory effects for prevention of depression and anxiety in residents in homes for the elderly: a pragmatic randomized controlled trial." International Psychogeriatrics 24, no. 8 (March 22, 2012): 1242–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1041610212000178.
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ABSTRACTBackground: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a stepped-care program to prevent the onset of depression and anxiety disorders in elderly people living in residential homes.Methods: A pragmatic randomized controlled trial was conducted to compare the intervention with usual care in 14 residential homes in the Netherlands. A total of 185 residents with a minimum score of 8 on the Centre for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, who did not meet the diagnostic criteria for a depressive or anxiety disorder, and were not suffering from severe cognitive impairment, were recruited between April 2007 and December 2008. They were randomized to a stepped-care program (N = 93) or to usual care (N = 92). The stepped-care participants sequentially underwent watchful waiting, a self-help intervention, life review, and a consultation with the general practitioner. The primary outcome measure was the incidence of a major depressive disorder (MDD) or anxiety disorder during a period of one year according to the Mini International Neuropsychiatric Interview.Results: The intervention was not effective in reducing the incidence of the combined outcome of depression and anxiety (incidence rate ratio (IRR) = 0.50; 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.23–1.12). However, the intervention was superior to usual care in reducing the risk of MDD incidence (IRR = 0.26; 95% CI = 0.12–0.80) contrary to anxiety incidence (IRR = 1.32; 95% CI = 0.48–3.62).Conclusions: These results suggest that the stepped-care program is effective in reducing the incidence of depression, but is not effective in preventing the onset of anxiety disorders in elderly people living in residential homes.
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Barrett, Paula M. "Interventions for child and youth anxiety disorders: Involving parents, teachers, and peers." Australian Educational and Developmental Psychologist 16, no. 1 (May 1999): 5–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0816512200050045.
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Abstract Child and youth anxiety are the most common problem experienced during the school years. We know that we can effectively treat and prevent childhood anxiety by using individual, group, and community-based interventions that involve parents, peers, and educators. Recent research has shown that children who experience anxiety often develop depression in adolescence. Therefore, it is important to disseminate anxiety Intervention strategies both for the prevention of anxiety and, in the longer term, of depression Problems. Australia is a leading country in the development, evaluation, and Implementation ofsuch strategies. This paper describes, in detail, a community-based Intervention program.
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García-Escalera, Julia, Rosa M. Valiente, Bonifacio Sandín, Jill Ehrenreich-May, and Paloma Chorot. "Educational and wellbeing outcomes of an anxiety and depression prevention program for adolescents." Revista de Psicodidáctica (English ed.) 25, no. 2 (July 2020): 143–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.psicoe.2020.05.003.
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Le Menestrel, Suzanne. "Preventing Bullying: Consequences, Prevention, and Intervention." Journal of Youth Development 15, no. 3 (June 9, 2020): 8–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.5195/jyd.2020.945.
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Bullying is considered to be a significant public health problem with both short- and long-term physical and social-emotional consequences for youth. A large body of research indicates that youth who have been bullied are at increased risk of subsequent mental, emotional, health, and behavioral problems, especially internalizing problems, such as low self-esteem, depression, anxiety, and loneliness. Given the growing awareness of bullying as a public health problem and the increasing evidence of short- and long-term physical, mental, emotional, and behavioral health and academic consequences of bullying behavior, there have been significant efforts at the practice, program, and policy levels to address bullying behavior. This article summarizes a recent consensus report from the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering, and Medicine, Preventing Bullying Through Science, Policy, and Practice, and what is known about the consequences of bullying behavior and interventions that attempt to prevent and respond to it.
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Bentley, Kate H., Hannah Boettcher, Jacqueline R. Bullis, Jenna R. Carl, Laren R. Conklin, Shannon Sauer-Zavala, Catherine Pierre-Louis, Todd J. Farchione, and David H. Barlow. "Development of a Single-Session, Transdiagnostic Preventive Intervention for Young Adults at Risk for Emotional Disorders." Behavior Modification 42, no. 5 (October 13, 2017): 781–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0145445517734354.
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Cognitive-behavioral prevention programs have demonstrated efficacy in reducing subclinical symptoms of anxiety and depression, and there is some evidence to suggest that they can lower the risk of future disorder onset. However, existing interventions tend to be relatively lengthy and target specific disorders or problem areas, both of which limit their potential for widespread dissemination. To address these limitations, we aimed to develop a single-session, transdiagnostic preventive intervention based on the Unified Protocol for Transdiagnostic Treatment of Emotional Disorders for young adults at risk for developing anxiety and/or depressive disorders within a college setting. Results from this proof-of-concept study indicated that the intervention was viewed as highly satisfactory and acceptable. The intervention also was successful at delivering adaptive emotion management skills in its 2-hr workshop format. Future studies evaluating the efficacy of this novel transdiagnostic, emotion-focused prevention program are warranted.
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Lowry-Webster, Hayley M., Paula M. Barrett, and Sally Lock. "A Universal Prevention Trial of Anxiety Symptomology during Childhood: Results at 1-Year Follow-up." Behaviour Change 20, no. 1 (March 1, 2003): 25–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.20.1.25.24843.
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AbstractIn 2001 we evaluated a universal prevention trial of anxiety during childhood, and also examined the effects of the program on levels of depression. Participants were 594 children aged 10—13 years from seven schools in Brisbane, Australia, who were randomly assigned to an intervention or control group on a school-by-school basis. The intervention was based on the group CBT program FRIENDS (Barrett, Lowry-Webster & Holmes, 1999a, 1999b, 1999c). Results were examined universally (for all children) and for children who scored above the clinical cut-off for anxiety at pre-test. At 12-month follow-up, intervention gains were maintained, as measured by self-reports and diagnostic interviews. Eighty-five per cent of children in the intervention group who were scoring above the clinical cut-off for anxiety and depression were diagnosis free in the intervention condition, compared to only 31.2% of children in the control group. Implications of these findings are examined, alongside limitations and directions for future research.
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Allan, Sharon, Bilge Uzun, and Cecilia A. Essau. "Impact of a transdiagnostic prevention protocol for targeting adolescent anxiety and depression." Psychologica 63, no. 2 (December 28, 2020): 53–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.14195/1647-8606_63-2_3.
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The present study examined the benefit of a transdiagnostic prevention program, Super Skills for Life (SSL), among adolescents with internalizing and/or externalizing problems in two types of school settings (mainstream school and pupil referral unit) using a randomized waitlist-controlled trial (RCT). The main aims were to examine the effects of the SSL-A in reducing internalizing and externalizing problems in adolescents, and to identify the moderating role of gender, age, and school type on the intervention outcome. The RCT involved 112 adolescents aged 11 to 14 years old, randomly allocated to either an SSL intervention group or a waitlist-control group (WLC). Adolescents in the intervention group participated immediately in the SSL-A, whereas adolescents in the WLC group received the intervention after the intervention group completed the 6 months follow-up assessment. Results showed that internalizing and externalizing problems were significantly reduced from pre-test to follow-up assessments. Gender, age and school setting moderated the intervention outcome. Specifically, males, younger adolescents and adolescents from mainstream schools showed a significant reduction over time on both internalizing and externalizing problems.
This study provides evidence for the benefits of a transdiagnostic prevention program for internalizing and externalizing problems in two types of school settings.
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Sceusa, F., A. Mauro, S. Pompili, L. Orsolini, and U. Volpe. "The impact of a regional training program on peripartum depression in territorial psychiatric services." European Psychiatry 64, S1 (April 2021): S181—S182. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2021.481.
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IntroductionThe Unit of Clinical Psychiatry of the University Hospital “Ospedali Riuniti – Ancona”, in collaboration with the Marche Region Health System, is conducting a national observational project entitled “Measures related to the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and assistance of postpartum depressive syndrome”, aiming at promoting women’s Mental Health, particularly in pregnancy and peripartum period.ObjectivesThe primary objective is implementing all measures/interventions needed to promptly screening, early diagnosising, and supporting/caring women with mental health disease during pregnancy and peripartum period. A dedicated training program was performed by our clinical team belonging to the Peripartum Psychiatry Outpatient Service of the Unit of Clinical Psychiatry, at the University Hospital “Ospedali Riuniti”, Ancona, Italy, to a selected audience of Gynecologists/Obstetricians/Nurses/Psychologists/Psychiatrists/GPs and Pediatricians.MethodsThe training program is a 2-days residential course, held on 21-22th September, 2020. After the training program, all participants (n= 70) were asked to provide an informed consent and complete an online questionnaire to evaluate knowledge/opinions/experiences and clinical practices in the field of depression in pregnancy and postpartum.ResultsA 40-items questionnaire investigated: a) general attitude in performing screening of depression/anxiety during pregnancy; b) overall knowledge about peripartum depression; c) overall knowledge about management/treatment; d) how physicians manage patients with peripartum depression/anxiety (i.e., how they perform screening/diagnosis/treatment during pregnancy, their levels of knowledge/confidence about psychopharmacology in pregnancy).ConclusionsThe findings of the residential course may allow clinicians to adequately inform and help in drafting a preventive, screening and management program able to assist regional stakeholders in the prevention, diagnosis, treatment and assistance of perinatal depression.DisclosureNo significant relationships.
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Scaini, Simona, Federica Rossi, Ronald M. Rapee, Francesca Bonomi, Giovanni M. Ruggiero, and Alessia Incerti. "The Cool Kids as a School-Based Universal Prevention and Early Intervention Program for Anxiety: Results of a Pilot Study." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 19, no. 2 (January 14, 2022): 941. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph19020941.
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The efficacy of the Cool Kids program has been consistently demonstrated both within Australia and internationally, but limited data are available on the use of Cool Kids as a universal program. The purpose of the study is to evaluate Cool Kids as a universal program for preventing childhood anxiety in the school context. There were 73 Italian children (35 boys and 36 girls, ages 10–13 years) attending the last year of primary school and the first year of middle school who participated in an active intervention based on a school adaptation of the Cool Kids protocol. Results of t-test analyses highlighted a downward trend of anxiety symptoms, especially in total anxiety, somatic anxiety, generalized anxiety, separation anxiety, social anxiety and school phobia at post-treatment assessed by children. Even the score of depression symptoms, measured as a second outcome measure, decreased after the treatment. This study contributes to the evidence base for the Cool Kids program as a universal program for preventing childhood anxiety in the school context. Although these preliminary results show some promise, their replication in future research is necessary given current study limitations.
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Yap, Marie Bee Hui, Mairead C. Cardamone-Breen, Ronald M. Rapee, Katherine A. Lawrence, Andrew J. Mackinnon, Shireen Mahtani, and Anthony F. Jorm. "Medium-Term Effects of a Tailored Web-Based Parenting Intervention to Reduce Adolescent Risk of Depression and Anxiety: 12-Month Findings From a Randomized Controlled Trial." Journal of Medical Internet Research 21, no. 8 (August 15, 2019): e13628. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/13628.
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Background Prevention of depression and anxiety disorders early in life is a global health priority. Evidence on risk and protective factors for youth internalizing disorders indicates that the family represents a strategic setting to target preventive efforts. Despite this evidence base, there is a lack of accessible, cost-effective preventive programs for parents of adolescents. To address this gap, we recently developed the Partners in Parenting (PiP) program—an individually tailored Web-based parenting program targeting evidence-based parenting risk and protective factors for adolescent depression and anxiety disorders. We previously reported the postintervention outcomes of a single-blinded parallel-group superiority randomized controlled trial (RCT) in which PiP was found to significantly improve self-reported parenting compared with an active-control condition (educational factsheets). Objective This study aimed to evaluate the effects of the PiP program on parenting risk and protective factors and symptoms of adolescent depression and anxiety using data from the final assessment time point (12-month follow-up) of this RCT. Methods Parents (n=359) and adolescents (n=332) were recruited primarily from secondary schools and completed Web-based assessments of parenting and adolescent depression and anxiety symptoms at baseline, postintervention (3 months later), and 12-month follow-up (317 parents, 287 adolescents). Parents in the PiP intervention condition received personalized feedback about their parenting and were recommended a series of up to 9 interactive modules. Control group parents received access to 5 educational factsheets about adolescent development and mental health. Both groups received a weekly 5-min phone call to encourage progress through their program. Results Intervention group parents completed an average of 73.7% of their intended program. For the primary outcome of parent-reported parenting, the intervention group showed significantly greater improvement from baseline to 12-month follow-up compared with controls, with a medium effect size (Cohen d=0.51; 95% CI 0.30 to 0.72). When transformed data were used, greater reduction in parent-reported adolescent depressive symptoms was observed in the intervention group (Cohen d=−0.21; 95% CI −0.42 to −0.01). Mediation analyses revealed that these effects were mediated by improvements in parenting (indirect effect b=−0.08; 95% CI −0.16 to −0.01). No other significant intervention effects were found for adolescent-reported parenting or adolescent depression or anxiety symptoms. Both groups showed significant reductions in anxiety (both reporters) and depressive (parent reported) symptoms. Conclusions PiP improved self-reported parenting for up to 9 months postintervention, but its effects on adolescent symptoms were less conclusive, and parent-reported changes were not perceived by adolescents. Nonetheless, given its scalability, PiP may be a useful low-cost, sustainable program to empower parents of adolescents. Trial Registration Australian Clinical Trials Registration Number (ACTRN): 12615000328572; http://www.anzctr.org.au/ACTRN12615000328572.aspx (Archived by WebCite at http://www.webcitation.org/6qgsZ3Aqj).
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Fukushima-Flores, Marnie, and Lynn Miller. "FRIENDS Parent Project: Effectiveness of Parent Training in Reducing Parent Anxiety in a Universal Prevention Program for Anxiety Symptoms in School Children." Behaviour Change 28, no. 2 (June 1, 2011): 57–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.28.2.57.
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AbstractAnxiety is the most pervasive childhood mental health disorder today. This study examined the parent component of a school-based universal prevention and early intervention program. Participating parents (N= 122) completed four measures on anxiety, the Anxiety Sensitivity Index, the Center for Epidemiological Studies-Depression, the Penn State Worry Questionnaire, and the Screen for Child Anxiety Related Emotional Disorders, before and after the parent program. The effectiveness of the program was investigated by analysing mean scores of the parent self-reported anxiety symptoms and parent reports of child anxiety symptoms. The main analyses conducted were 2 × 2 between-within ANOVAs for each measure. The hypothesis that parents who participated in the program (n= 20) would report reduced anxiety symptoms for themselves and for their children when compared to parents who did not attend (n= 120) was not confirmed. The parent's satisfaction level with the program was also studied, with high acceptability ratings providing strong social validity for this program. Implications of the findings, strengths, limitations and suggestions for further research are discussed.
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Krijnen-de Bruin, Esther, Anna DT Muntingh, Evelien M. Bourguignon, Adriaan Hoogendoorn, Otto R. Maarsingh, Anton JLM van Balkom, Neeltje M. Batelaan, Annemieke van Straten, and Berno van Meijel. "Usage Intensity of a Relapse Prevention Program and Its Relation to Symptom Severity in Remitted Patients With Anxiety and Depression: Pre-Post Study." JMIR Mental Health 9, no. 3 (March 16, 2022): e25441. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/25441.
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Background Given that relapse is common in patients in remission from anxiety and depressive disorders, relapse prevention is needed in the maintenance phase. Although existing psychological relapse prevention interventions have proven to be effective, they are not explicitly based on patients’ preferences. Hence, we developed a blended relapse prevention program based on patients’ preferences, which was delivered in primary care practices by mental health professionals (MHPs). This program comprises contact with MHPs, completion of core and optional online modules (including a relapse prevention plan), and keeping a mood and anxiety diary in which patients can monitor their symptoms. Objective The aims of this study were to provide insight into (1) usage intensity of the program (over time), (2) the course of symptoms during the 9 months of the study, and (3) the association between usage intensity and the course of symptoms. Methods The Guided E-healTh for RElapse prevention in Anxiety and Depression (GET READY) program was guided by 54 MHPs working in primary care practices. Patients in remission from anxiety and depressive disorders were included. Demographic and clinical characteristics, including anxiety and depressive symptoms, were collected via questionnaires at baseline and after 3, 6, and 9 months. Log data were collected to assess the usage intensity of the program. Results A total of 113 patients participated in the study. Twenty-seven patients (23.9%) met the criteria for the minimal usage intensity measure. The core modules were used by ≥70% of the patients, while the optional modules were used by <40% of the patients. Usage decreased quickly over time. Anxiety and depressive symptoms remained stable across the total sample; a minority of 15% (12/79) of patients experienced a relapse in their anxiety symptoms, while 10% (8/79) experienced a relapse in their depressive symptoms. Generalized estimating equations analysis indicated a significant association between more frequent face-to-face contact with the MHPs and an increase in both anxiety symptoms (β=.84, 95% CI .39-1.29) and depressive symptoms (β=1.12, 95% CI 0.45-1.79). Diary entries and the number of completed modules were not significantly associated with the course of symptoms. Conclusions Although the core modules of the GET READY program were used by most of the patients and all patients saw an MHP at least once, usage decreased quickly over time. Most patients remained stable while participating in the study. The significant association between the frequency of contact and the course of symptoms most likely indicates that those who received more support had more symptoms, and thus, it is questionable whether the support offered by the program was sufficient to prevent these patients from relapsing. International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) RR2-10.1186/s12888-019-2034-6
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Pattison, Clare, and Robert M. Lynd-Stevenson. "The Prevention of Depressive Symptoms in Children: The Immediate and Long-term Outcomes of a School-based Program." Behaviour Change 18, no. 2 (June 1, 2001): 92–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.18.2.92.
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AbstractThe ability of a school-based program with training in both cognitive and social skills to prevent depressive symptoms in children (the Penn Prevention Program) was evaluated. Research conducted in Australia has failed to replicate the success of the program in the United States. Also evaluated was the ability of the program to reduce the symptoms of anxiety, the assumption that changes in social skills and cognitive style would be associated with changes in symptoms of depression and anxiety, and the relative merits of the cognitive and social components of the program. Sixty-three children in fifth and sixth grades were randomly allocated to intervention and control groups. There was no evidence that the Penn Prevention Program had any impact on the variables measured at the end of the program or at the 8-month follow-up assessment. Limitations and implications of the present findings are discussed.
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Martinsen, Kristin D., Lene Mari P. Rasmussen, Tore Wentzel-Larsen, Solveig Holen, Anne Mari Sund, Mona Elisabeth S. Løvaas, Joshua Patras, Philip C. Kendall, Trine Waaktaar, and Simon-Peter Neumer. "Prevention of anxiety and depression in school children: Effectiveness of the transdiagnostic EMOTION program." Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 87, no. 2 (February 2019): 212–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000360.
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GOODWIN, RENEE D. "Anxiety disorders and the onset of depression among adults in the community." Psychological Medicine 32, no. 6 (August 2002): 1121–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0033291702005482.
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Objective. To determine the association between anxiety disorders, panic attack and the risk of major depression among adults in the community.Method. Data were drawn from the Epidemiologic Catchment Area Program survey waves 1 (N = 20291) and 2 (N = 15849). Multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to determine the risk of incident major depression at 12-month follow-up (wave 2) associated with each anxiety disorder and panic attacks assessed at wave 1, adjusting for differences in sociodemographic characteristics, and then controlling simultaneously for all anxiety disorders, and other psychiatric co-morbidity.Results. Specific phobia (OR = 1.7 (1.6, 1.8)), agoraphobia (OR = 2.3 (2.2, 2.5)), obsessive–compulsive disorder (OR = 5.4 (5.0, 5.8)) and panic attack (OR = 1.9 (1.8, 2.1)) each made an independent contribution to the risk of major depression, which persisted after adjusting simultaneously for sociodemographic differences and other psychiatric co-morbidity. Conclusions. Each anxiety disorder and panic attacks appear to confer an independent risk for the onset of major depression within 12-months among adults in the community. Understanding the key role played by anxiety in depression onset is needed for prevention strategies.
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Hajnal, Áron. "Cyberbullying Prevention: Which Design Features Foster the Effectiveness of School-Based Programs? : A Meta-Analytic Approach." Intersections 7, no. 1 (2021): 40–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.17356/ieejsp.v7i1.648.
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Cyberbullying is a global phenomenon that affects 10-40 percent of youth (Hinduja and Patchin, 2014) and has severe consequences such as depression, anxiety or suicidal thoughts. There is a large and growing body of literature discussing and assessing programs aimed at preventing cyberbullying, to which the present article aims to contribute. My purpose was to examine whether prevention programs applying certain features – in particular, social-emotional learning, whole-school approach, mentoring and education on online safety and cyberbullying – are more effective than others. This ambition is novel in the cyberbullying literature. The analysis is based on the results of 23 impact evaluation articles that examined 15 school-based cyberbullying prevention programs or program variants. It was found that programs including social-emotional learning and mentoring are more effective in reducing perpetration, whereas those including education on e-safety and cyberbullying are more effective in reducing victimization. Policy implications and the limitations of the study are also discussed.
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Martínez-Borba, Verónica, Jorge Osma, Elena Crespo-Delgado, Laura Andreu-Pejo, and Alba Monferrer-Serrano. "Prevention of Emotional Disorders and Symptoms Under Health Conditions: A Pilot Study using the Unified Protocol in a Fertility Unit." Anales de Psicología 38, no. 1 (January 1, 2022): 25–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.6018/analesps.462331.
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Emotional Disorders (EDs) are common in women who undergo fertility treatments. The Unified Protocol (UP) is a transdiagnostic intervention that has demonstrated efficacy in preventing EDs under different health conditions. The aim of this pilot study is to: 1) improve emotional dysregulation for the prevention of anxiety and depressive symptoms in women undergoing intrauterine inseminations (IUI); 2) assess their acceptability (e.g., satisfaction and adherence rates). Method: Five women undergoing IUI, with no clinical diagnoses, responded to measures of mood (anxiety and depression), affect, quality of life and emotional dysregulation in the pre- and post-assessments, and at the 1-, 3- and 6-month follow-ups. The UP was adapted to be applied during six face-to-face group sessions lasting 2 h. The COVID-19 pandemic situation implied changing to an online format to end the program. Results: The results showed that women did not develop EDs, and no statistically significant pre-post and pre-follow-up differences were found for anxiety, depression, quality of life and emotional dysregulation (all p > .050). A tendency towards improvement in the post-assessment evaluation was noted. Satisfaction with the format and UP program was high. Conclusions: It would seem that programs focusing on therapeutic common factors like the UP could have an emotional preventive effect during IUI. Los trastornos emocionales (TE) son frecuentes durante los tratamientos de fertilidad. El Protocolo Unificado (PU) es una intervención transdiagnóstica que ha demostrado su eficacia en la prevención de TE en condiciones médicas. El objetivo de este estudio piloto es: 1) mejorar la disregulación emocional para prevenir síntomas ansiosos y depresivos en mujeres en tratamiento de inseminación artificial (IA); 2) evaluar la aceptabilidad (satisfacción y adherencia). Método: 5 mujeres en tratamiento de IA, sin diagnóstico clínico, respondieron a medidas de estado de ánimo (ansiedad y depresión), afecto, calidad de vida y regulación emocional en el pre- y post-evaluación, y en los seguimientos a los 1, 3 y 6 meses. La adaptación preventiva del PU se basó en la aplicación de 6 sesiones presenciales grupales de 2 horas de duración. La situación generada por la COVID-19 provocó el cambio al formato online para finalizar el programa. Resultados: las mujeres no desarrollaron TE, no se encontraron diferencias pre-post y pre-seguimientos estadísticamente significativas en ansiedad, depresión, calidad de vida y disregulación emocional (p > .050). Se observa una tendencia a la mejoría en la evaluación post-programa. Conclusiones: Parece que programas como el PU, centrado en factores terapéuticos compartidos, ha tenido un efecto emocional preventivo durante IA.
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Lowry-Webster, Hayley M., Paula M. Barrett, and Mark R. Dadds. "A Universal Prevention Trial of Anxiety and Depressive Symptomatology in Childhood: Preliminary Data from an Australian Study." Behaviour Change 18, no. 1 (April 1, 2001): 36–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/bech.18.1.36.
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AbstractThis paper describes the development and preliminary findings of a program designed to prevent the development of anxiety and depressive symptoms in children aged 10 to 13 years. Using a universal prevention approach, a total of 594 children were randomly assigned on a class-by-class basis to either a 10-session family group CBT program (FRIENDS) routinely implemented as part of the school curriculum, or to a comparison group. Pre-post intervention changes were examined universally, and for children who scored above the clinical cut-off for anxiety at pretest. Results revealed that children in the FRIENDS intervention group reported fewer anxiety symptoms, regardless of their risk status, than the comparison group at posttest. In terms of reported levels of depression, only the high anxiety group who completed the FRIENDS intervention evidenced improvements at posttest. Overall, these preliminary results appear to support the benefits of a school-based universal cognitive-behavioural intervention program. Implications of this study are discussed, and long-term follow-up measures are currently underway.
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Martinsen, Kristin D., Philip C. Kendall, Kevin Stark, and Simon-Peter Neumer. "Prevention of Anxiety and Depression in Children: Acceptability and Feasibility of the Transdiagnostic EMOTION Program." Cognitive and Behavioral Practice 23, no. 1 (February 2016): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cbpra.2014.06.005.
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Παναγιωτοπούλου, Αγγελική, and Αντωνία Α. Πασχάλη. "Άγχος και κατάθλιψη στους φοιτητές Νοσηλευτικής: εφαρμογή προγραμμάτων πρόληψης." Psychology: the Journal of the Hellenic Psychological Society 19, no. 3 (October 15, 2020): 281. http://dx.doi.org/10.12681/psy_hps.23623.
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This literature review aims to investigate Cognitive Behavioral Programs (CBT) that are applied worldwide and their effectiveness on the prevention of anxiety and depression in nursing students. In the first part of the review, the importance of studying these programs and their application in the nursing population are mentioned. Contemporaryresearch data on the prevalence of anxiety and depression in nursing students are examined and comparisons are made with studies looking upon general student population of the same age. Factors thattrigger or protect against the onset of these problems are presented. CBT programs are discussed, in relation to anxiety disorders and depression in relevance to the nursing population, while in the later section contemporary research findings of CBT programs that have been applied to nursing students are presented. The results of these programs show that there is a significant decrease of the anxiety and improvement of the students’ mood, which points to the importance of primary prevention in the academic environment in order to ensure students’ mental health and quality of life.
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Hains, Anthony A., and Steven W. Ellmann. "Stress Inoculation Training as a Preventative Intervention for High School Youths." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 8, no. 3 (January 1994): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.8.3.219.
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This study examined the effectiveness of a school-based prevention intervention to reduce the incidence of negative emotional arousal and other psychological problems in adolescents in response to stress. The prevention program was modeled after a stress inoculation training program and included a variety of cognitive behavioral interventions (i.e., cognitive restructuring, problem solving, anxiety management training). Reductions on anxiety, depression, and anger self-report scales were noted after training, especially in youths who were classified as being high in emotional arousal, and these gains were maintained at follow-up. The waiting list control group showed similar improvements after they received training. Improvements in grade point average, school attendance, physical health problems, and self-reports of total, daily, and major negative stress events were not found, except for some within-group improvements at follow-up.
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Gladstone, Tracy, Katherine R. Buchholz, Marian Fitzgibbon, Linda Schiffer, Miae Lee, and Benjamin W. Van Voorhees. "Randomized Clinical Trial of an Internet-Based Adolescent Depression Prevention Intervention in Primary Care: Internalizing Symptom Outcomes." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 21 (October 22, 2020): 7736. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17217736.
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Approximately 20% of people will experience a depressive episode by adulthood, making adolescence an important developmental target for prevention. CATCH-IT (Competent Adulthood Transition with Cognitive-behavioral, Humanistic, and Interpersonal Training), an online depression prevention intervention, has demonstrated efficacy in preventing depressive episodes among adolescents reporting elevated symptoms. Our study examines the effects of CATCH-IT compared to online health education (HE) on internalizing symptoms in adolescents at risk for depression. Participants, ages 13–18, were recruited across eight US health systems and were randomly assigned to CATCH-IT or HE. Assessments were completed at baseline, 2, 6, 12, 18, and 24 months. There were no significant differences between groups in change in depressive symptoms (b = −0.31 for CATCH-IT, b = −0.27 for HE, p = 0.80) or anxiety (b = −0.13 for CATCH-IT, b = −0.11 for HE, p = 0.79). Improvement in depressive symptoms was statistically significant (p < 0.05) for both groups (p = 0.004 for CATCH-IT, p = 0.009 for HE); improvement in anxiety was significant for CATCH-IT (p = 0.04) but not HE (p = 0.07). Parental depression and positive relationships with primary care physicians (PRPC) moderated the anxiety findings, and adolescents’ externalizing symptoms and PRPC moderated the depression findings. This study demonstrates the long-term positive effects of both online programs on depressive symptoms and suggests that CATCH-IT demonstrates cross-over effects for anxiety as well.
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Rooney, Rosanna, Clare Roberts, Robert Kane, Lisbeth Pike, Amber Winsor, Julia White, and Annette Brown. "The Prevention of Depression in 8- to 9-Year-Old Children: A Pilot Study." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 16, no. 1 (July 1, 2006): 76–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1375/ajgc.16.1.76.
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AbstractThe outcomes of a new universal program aimed at preventing depressive symptoms and disorders in 8- to 9-year-old children are presented. The Positive Thinking Program is a mental health promotion program based on cognitive and behavioural strategies. It is designed to meet the developmental needs of children in the middle primary school Years 4 and 5. Four state primary schools were randomly assigned to receive the program implemented by psychologists or to a control condition involving their regular Health Education curriculum. Seventy-two children participated in the intervention condition and 48 children in the control condition. Children completed measures of depressive and anxiety symptomatology, depressive disorders, and attribution style. The intervention was associated with reductions in depressive symptoms and more positive attributions at post-intervention. Compared to the control group, there was a lower prevalence of depressive disorders at posttest and fewer intervention group children developed a depressive disorder at a 9-month follow-up.
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Pendry, Patricia, Jaymie L. Vandagriff, and Alexa Marie Carr. "Clinical depression moderates effects of animal-assisted stress prevention program on college students’ emotion." Journal of Public Mental Health 18, no. 2 (June 17, 2019): 94–101. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jpmh-10-2018-0069.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine whether clinical levels of depression moderated university students’ momentary emotional states (e.g. feeling content, anxious, irritable and depressed) in response to conditions commonly experienced during universal, college-based Animal Visitation Programs (AVPs). Design/methodology/approach During a real-life efficacy trial, students (N = 192) were randomly assigned to three common AVP conditions: a hands-on condition in which participants could freely pet cats and dogs in small groups, an observation condition in which participants observed students in the hands-on condition while awaiting one’s turn and a control condition in which participants viewed images of the same animals while refraining from socializing with peers. Using a checklist, students reported their momentary emotional states (e.g. feeling content, anxious, irritable and depressed) before and after the 10-min intervention. Findings Multivariate regression analyses showed that clinically depressed students reported significantly higher levels of momentary negative emotion including irritability, depression and anxiety after waiting in line compared to non-depressed students, suggesting that clinical depression may moderate potential stress-relieving effects of universal college-based AVPs depending on implementation practices. Originality/value This is the first study to examine the causal impact of a common yet unstudied feature of college-based AVPs aimed at reducing general college student stress. Results support the utility of targeted approaches for students presenting clinical levels of depression.
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Damani, Zara Nisar, and Sana Hussain. "Role of Mothers Resilience in the Development of Resilience and Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Daughters." Annals of Psychophysiology 8, no. 2 (December 1, 2021): 71–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.29052/2412-3188.v8.i2.2021.71-75.
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Background: Resilience has proven to be a protective factor against adverse conditions. However, mental health professionals have started studying resilience in terms of reducing depression and anxiety. In Pakistan especially, this area needs to be explored to develop interventions to make people resilient. This study aimed to investigate and understand the role of mothers' resilience in developing resilience and prevention of depression and anxiety in daughters.
Methodology: This was a cross-sectional study, and data were collected from 88 participants hailing from different areas of Karachi, Pakistan, and among them, 44 were girls, and 44 were their biological mothers. The variables were assessed using the resilience and depression anxiety scale.
Results: The study results reveal that when mothers are resilient, it helps develop resilience in daughters. Since there was no significant difference between mothers' and daughters' resilience, all the mothers were resilient, and their daughters were resilient. Further, this study also showed that resilience is negatively correlated with depression and anxiety. Moreover, there was a significant positive relationship between mothers' resilience and daughters' depression and anxiety scores. Besides this, a significant positive relationship has also been found between daughters' resilience and mothers' depression anxiety scores.
Conclusion: Based on the findings, it is suggested that for the development of a healthy society, intervention programs that promote resilience must be adapted for children as well as adults so that they can overcome the challenges of daily life.
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Campbell, Marilyn A. "Prevention and Intervention for Anxiety Disorders in Children and Adolescents: A Whole School Approach." Australian Journal of Guidance and Counselling 13, no. 1 (July 2003): 47–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1037291100004738.
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This paper explores a whole school approach to the prevention and intervention for anxiety disorders in children and adolescents. Anxiety disorders are the most prevalent psychopathology in childhood and adolescence. In addition to having serious consequences for academic, social and family life, anxiety has also been shown to be a precursor to depression, substance abuse and eating disorders. School counsellors are well placed to identify students with anxiety disorders, instigate prevention programs and treat or refer anxious students. Prevention and early intervention for anxiety disorders needs to be coordinated and integrated into the regular curriculum as well as into the life of the classroom and the school. Barriers to schools working well in this area are identified and discussed.
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Lim, Kyung-Choon, Myoungsuk Kim, and Hana Ko. "Factors influencing dementia prevention behaviors in older Koreans enrolled in senior welfare centers." Journal of Korean Academic Society of Nursing Education 27, no. 1 (February 28, 2021): 39–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.5977/jkasne.2021.27.1.39.
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Purpose: This study aimed to explore factors influencing on the preventive behaviors of dementia in older Koreans enrolled in senior welfare centers to provide basic information on dementia prevention.Methods: A total of 182 older Koreans participated in this study, which employed a cross-sectional design. Data were collected using questionnaires with items related to general characteristics, depression, self-esteem, knowledge and attitudes about dementia, preventive behaviors of dementia, dementia management self-efficacy, and anxiety about dementia. Using SPSS WIN 23.0, data were analyzed by descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Scheffé test, Pearson's correlation coefficient, and multiple regression.Results: Living with a spouse (<i>p</i>=.013), a higher monthly income (<i>p</i>=.018), better nutrition (<i>p</i>=.010), not having a sleep disorder (<i>p</i><.001), and higher number of participating programs (<i>p</i>=.001) were associated with better dementia prevention behaviors. Attitudes about dementia (<i>β</i>=.18, <i>p</i>=.006) and the number of programs older Koreans were participating in (<i>β</i>=.17, <i>p</i>=.006) influenced positively on the preventive behaviors of dementia, while depression (<i>β</i>=-.41, <i>p</i><.001) and sleep disorders (<i>β</i>=-.17, <i>p</i>=.006) influenced negatively on dementia preventive behaviors. Overall, approximately 35% of the variability in dementia preventive behaviors was explained by these four variables in this study (F=24.97, <i>p</i><.001).Conclusion: The findings of this study suggest that depression reduction, good attitudes about dementia, program participation, and good sleep should be encouraged to promote dementia prevention. In addition, effective and structured educational programs should be developed for older Koreans to encourage dementia preventive behaviors to reduce the risk of dementia.
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Saslow, Laura R., and James E. Aikens. "Lifestyle Interventions for Polycystic Ovary Syndrome: Cross-Sectional Survey to Assess Women's Treatment and Outcome Preferences." JMIR Formative Research 4, no. 9 (September 2, 2020): e17126. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/17126.
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Background Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. Diet and lifestyle programs improve health, but women’s preferences for these programs have not been formally explored. Objective The aim of our study was to examine diet and lifestyle program preferences among women with PCOS. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional online survey of women with PCOS. Results At least half of the 197 respondents expressed strong interest in programs addressing energy level, anxiety, depression, weight, diabetes prevention, menstrual period regulation, and hirsutism. Similarly, at least half reported willingness to modify their sleep, stress, and physical activity; and slightly less than half reported willingness to adopt a very low-carbohydrate, paleo, or low–glycemic index diet. At least half reported interest in online or mobile programs and email-based mentoring. Younger age was associated with interest in help with acne and fertility; higher body mass index was associated with wanting help with weight loss, energy, and anxiety; and greater stress eating was associated with wanting help with depression, anxiety, and menstrual period regulation. Conclusions To our knowledge, this is the first study to examine attitudes and preferences of women with PCOS toward such programs. Future online and mobile diet and lifestyle programs may be able to capitalize on this information to better target this population’s expressed preferences.
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Park, Ki-Young, and Kyung-Ae Park. "Development of REBT-based Police Guidance Program for Juvenile Delinquents." Korean Association of Rational Emotive and Cognitive Behavior Therapy 2, no. 2 (August 31, 2022): 31–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.54382/krecbt.2022.2.2.31.
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Currently, the police guidance program for juvenile delinquents has not been specific and implemented, and it has not been verified that it is effective in preventing juvenile delinquency again. The purpose of this study is to develop a police guidance program based on the Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy and verify its effectiveness in order to standardize a substantial guidance program at the police level. Through previous studies, representative emotional factors affecting juvenile delinquency were depression and anxiety, and self-esteem was functioning as a protective factor that could lower delinquency. A 3-day, 10-hour police guidance program was constructed that applied cognitive, emotional, and behavioral techniques of Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy. The subjects of the study were 18 juvenile delinquents criminally reported to N Police Station, and the same number of researchers conducted personal counseling, group activities, and group counseling, and pre-, post-, and follow-up examination on depression, anxiety, and self-esteem measures. As a result of the study, depression and anxiety significantly decreased in the post-, and follow-up examination, and self-esteem significantly improved only in the post-examination. This suggests that juvenile delinquents' efforts to convert irrational beliefs into rational beliefs can affect depression, anxiety, and self-esteem and prevent juvenile delinquency. Through follow-up research, it is suggested that the person in charge can easily and comfortably proceed with this program and that juvenile delinquents can participate safely.
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Sah, Chanda, Sanjeev Shah, Gita Neupane, Pragya Shrestha, and Sulochana Ghimire. "Stroke Related Anxiety and Secondary Stroke Prevention Practices among Stroke Survivors." Journal of Universal College of Medical Sciences 10, no. 01 (August 9, 2022): 58–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jucms.v10i01.47243.
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INTRODUCTIONStroke is a leading cause of death and permanent disability worldwide. A secondary stroke, also known as a recurrent stroke, is one which occurs 24 hours or more after a primary stroke. The objective of this study was to find out the stroke related anxiety, knowledge related to the risk factors of stroke and practices among stroke survivors to prevent secondary stroke. MATERIAL AND METHODSDescriptive cross-sectional study was conducted to find out stroke related anxiety and secondary stroke prevention practices among 76 purposively selected stroke survivors. Semi- structured interview schedule and Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) were used to collect data. Descriptive statistics (frequency and percentage) were used with SPSS version 20.0 for data analysis. RESULTSThe findings of the study showed that out of 76 stroke survivors, 13.16% had borderline anxiety and 11.84 % were abnormal cases of anxiety. Knowledge on risk factors of secondary stroke as old age (94.74%), physical inactivity (55.26%), smoking (60.53%), excessive alcohol consumption (63.16%) and hypertension (92.11%). Poor practices were found regarding secondary stroke prevention such as monitoring blood pressure regularly (26.53%), regular exercise (40.79%), nearly half had not reduced alcohol intake (44.19%) and had not quit smoking (48.15%). CONCLUSIONFindings of the study showed presence of stroke related anxiety among stroke survivors and poor secondary stroke prevention practices. These data will be helpful for concerned authority to focus on management of post stroke anxiety. It is recommended to concerned authority to conduct awareness program on secondary stroke prevention practices.
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Wright, Michelle, and Sebastian Wachs. "Does Peer Rejection Moderate the Associations among Cyberbullying Victimization, Depression, and Anxiety among Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder?" Children 6, no. 3 (March 4, 2019): 41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/children6030041.
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While the consequences of cyberbullying victimization have received some attention in the literature, to date, little is known about the multiple types of strains in adolescents’ lives, such as whether cyberbullying victimization and peer rejection increase their vulnerability to depression and anxiety. Even though some research found that adolescents with disabilities show higher risk for cyberbullying victimization, most research has focused on typically developing adolescents. Thus, the present study focused on examining the moderating effect of peer rejection in the relationships between cyberbullying victimization, depression, and anxiety among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. There were 128 participants (89% male; ages ranging from 11–16 years old) with autism spectrum disorder in the sixth, seventh, or eighth grade at 16 middle schools in the United States. Participants completed questionnaires on cyberbullying victimization, peer rejection, depression, and anxiety. Results revealed that cyberbullying victimization was associated positively with peer rejection, anxiety, and depression among adolescents with autism spectrum disorder. Further, peer rejection was linked positively with depression and anxiety. Peer rejection moderated the positive relationship between cyberbullying victimization and depression, but not anxiety. Implications for prevention programs and future research are discussed.
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Opie, Rachelle S., Felice N. Jacka, Wolfgang Marx, Tetyana Rocks, Claire Young, and Adrienne O’Neil. "Designing Lifestyle Interventions for Common Mental Disorders: What Can We Learn from Diabetes Prevention Programs?" Nutrients 13, no. 11 (October 25, 2021): 3766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/nu13113766.
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Lifestyle factors including diet, sleep, physical activity, and substance use cessation, are recognised as treatment targets for common mental disorders (CMDs). As the field of lifestyle-based mental health care evolves towards effectiveness trials and real-world translation, it is timely to consider how such innovations can be integrated into clinical practice. This paper discusses the utility and scale-up of lifestyle interventions for CMDs and draws on diabetes prevention literature to identify enablers and barriers to translation efforts. We discuss the extent to which lifestyle interventions aimed at managing CMDs and preventing diabetes share commonalities (program content, theoretical underpinnings, program structures, interventionists, frameworks promoting fidelity, quality, sustainability). Specific considerations when utilising these programs for mental health include personalising content with respect to symptoms and trajectories of depression and anxiety, medication regimen and genetic risk profile. As this field moves from efficacy to effectiveness and implementation, it is important to ensure issues in implementation science, including “voltage drop”, “program drift”, logistics, funding, and resourcing, are in line with evidence-based models that are effective in research settings. Ongoing considerations includes who is best placed to deliver this care and the need for models to support implementation including long-term financing, workforce training, supervision, stakeholder and organisational support.
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Crespo, María, and María Arinero. "Assessment of the Efficacy of a Psychological Treatment for Women Victims of Violence by their Intimate Male Partner." Spanish journal of psychology 13, no. 2 (November 2010): 849–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s113874160000250x.
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This study evaluates the long-term efficacy of a brief psychotherapeutic cognitive-behavioral program in group format for female victims of violence by their intimate partner. 53 battered women were randomized into one of two intervention programs: one including among others exposure technique (n = 28) and another one in which exposure procedures were substituted by communication skills training (n = 25). Additionally, both programs included: psycho-education, breath control, training to improve self-esteem, cognitive restructuring, problem-solving, planning pleasant activities, and relapse prevention. The treatment was carried out in 8 weekly sessions. Measures of posttraumatic symptoms, anxiety, depression, self-esteem and anger expression were analyzed at pre- and post-treatment, and at 1-, 3-, 6- and 12-months follow-ups. Results show a pronounced decrease of posttraumatic, depressive and anxiety symptoms, which maintained in the different measure moments, with scarce difference between the two programs. The results and their clinical implications are discussed.
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Razavi, D., N. Delvaux, C. Farvacques, F. De Brier, C. Van Heer, L. Kaufman, M. P. Derde, M. Beauduin, and M. Piccart. "Prevention of adjustment disorders and anticipatory nausea secondary to adjuvant chemotherapy: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study assessing the usefulness of alprazolam." Journal of Clinical Oncology 11, no. 7 (July 1993): 1384–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.1993.11.7.1384.
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PURPOSE AND METHODS Although a high prevalence of adjustment disorders and anticipatory nausea secondary to adjuvant chemotherapy (CT) has been reported, little has been done to develop strategies to prevent these problems. A double-blind, placebo-controlled study was therefore designed to assess the usefulness of adding low-dose alprazolam (0.5 mg to 2 mg per day) to a psychologic support program including progressive relaxation training designed to prevent the aforementioned conditions. Fifty-seven women undergoing adjuvant CT for stage II primary breast cancer agreed to participate in the assessment, which was conducted at four time points: before starting CT, 6 weeks after CT, before the fourth CT, and after the fourth CT. The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS), Montgomery and Asberg Depression Rating Scale (MADRS), Hamilton Anxiety Scale (HAS), Revised Symptom Checklist (SCL-90-R), Morrow Assessment of Nausea and Emesis (MANE), and World Health Organization (WHO) grading of acute and subacute toxicities were used to compare the alprazolam (AA) and placebo (PA) arms of the study. RESULTS At the second evaluation, the results showed a higher rate of anticipatory nausea (18% v 0%) in the PA compared with the AA arm (P = .038). These differences were no more significant at each of the further assessments. Significant differences were found for the intake of hypnotics at each assessment visit, with the rate of hypnotic users being significantly higher in the PA (19%) compared with the AA (0%) arm at the fourth assessment (P < .05). Anxiety and depression scores of self- and observer-report were similar in the two arms. A significant relationship was found between the development of anticipatory nausea and the self-report of anxiety and depression score measured by HADS at baseline. The average HADS total score at baseline was 15.33 (SD = 6.56) for patients who developed anticipatory nausea and 11.23 (SD = 6.67) for other patients. CONCLUSION The adjunct of alprazolam to a psychologic support program delays the occurrence of anticipatory nausea and controls sleeping problems secondary to adjunct CT. Although studies are needed to improve the efficacy reported here, physicians may already consider the use of alprazolam for cancer patients undergoing CT.
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Walker, Elizabeth Arquin, Jeffrey S. Gonzalez, Mark T. Tripputi, Samuel Dagogo-Jack, Margaret J. Matulik, Maria G. Montez, Sameh Tadros, and Sharon L. Edelstein. "Long-term metformin adherence in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study." BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care 8, no. 1 (October 2020): e001537. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjdrc-2020-001537.
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IntroductionTo investigate long-term metformin adherence in the Diabetes Prevention Program Outcomes Study (DPPOS) by examining: (1) predictors of long-term adherence to study metformin and (2) whether metformin adherence was associated with incident type 2 diabetes.Research design and methodsDPPOS was an open-label continuation of the randomized clinical trial (Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP)) in which eligible participants randomized to the metformin group were offered study metformin and followed over 11 years. A brief structured adherence interview was administered semiannually. Metformin adherence was assessed by pill counts. Predictors of metformin adherence were examined in multivariate regression models. Incident diabetes associated with metformin adherence and other variables was assessed in Cox proportional hazards models.ResultsOf 868 participants eligible to continue taking study metformin, 664 (76%) took at least some metformin over 11 years, with 478 of them reporting problems with adherence. DPPOS cumulative adherence showed significant associations of higher adherence (≥80%) with early adherence at 3 months in DPP (p<0.001) and lower depression scores during DPPOS (p<0.001); significant differences were also seen by race/ethnicity (p<0.004). Predicting adherence by multivariate modeling showed odds of adherence significantly lower for Black participants and for participants reporting more than one barrier. Odds for adherence were significantly higher for those adherent early in DPP and those reporting at least one planned strategy to improve adherence. Higher metformin adherence was significantly associated with a lower diabetes risk (p=0.04), even after adjustment for demographic variables, depression, and anxiety scores.ConclusionsIn this long-term diabetes prevention study, early metformin adherence and planned strategies to promote adherence improved long-term adherence over 11 years; higher adherence to metformin was related to lower diabetes incidence. Incorporating strategies to promote adherence when initially prescribing metformin and counseling to support adherence over time are warranted.
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Corrieri, S., D. Heider, I. Conrad, A. Blume, H. H. Konig, and S. G. Riedel-Heller. "School-based prevention programs for depression and anxiety in adolescence: a systematic review." Health Promotion International 29, no. 3 (February 1, 2013): 427–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/heapro/dat001.
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Christensen, Helen, Emma Pallister, Stephanie Smale, Ian B. Hickie, and Alison L. Calear. "Community-Based Prevention Programs for Anxiety and Depression in Youth: A Systematic Review." Journal of Primary Prevention 31, no. 3 (May 1, 2010): 139–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10935-010-0214-8.
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ALOĞLU, Nihal, and Tuba GECDİ. "INVESTIGATION OF THE EMOTIONS OF HEALTH PERSONNEL DURING THE PANDEMIC PROCESS IN TERMS OF SOME VARIABLES." Gevher Nesibe Journal IESDR 6, no. 12 (May 25, 2021): 29–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.46648/gnj.196.
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Objective: The aim of this study was to detect the prevalence of stress, insomnia and depression amongst medical personnel during the COVID-19 outbreak. Methods: This study, which uses a quantitative approach, is descriptive research based on the general screening model. The sample of the study consisted of 849 health workers who used social media and agreed to support research online. In the study, a questionnaire containing demographic information, The Hospital Anxiety-Depression Scale (HAD), and the Perceived Stress Scale (ASÖ) were used as a data collection tool. Analysis of the obtained data was performed by performing an independent sample t test and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) using the SPSS 20 program. Results: The study recruited 849 participants, of which 59.5.2% were nurse, 11.3 % were doctor and 29.2 % other medical personnel. When the distribution of anxiety (HAD-A), depression (HAD-D), Perceived Stress Scale score averages was examined, the distribution of anxiety (HAD-A), depression (HAD-D), perceived stress score averages of participants was found to have moderate levels of questionnaire and depression, while perceived stress was higher. There are statistically significant differences between depression (HAD-D) and anxiety (HAD-A) scores and participants ' “working or not working in a pandemic clinic” status. Result: As a result of the findings, it can be stated that health workers working in the pandemic clinic have higher stress, anxiety and depression scores It has been concluded that medical staff working as nurses and midwives are under more stress than specialists and general practitioners. During the covid-19 pandemic, measures that can be taken to identify the situations affecting the mental health of medical personnel working at the front line, the psychosocial problems they experience, the protection of the mental health of employees and the Prevention of mental trauma should be taken into account.
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Komatsu, Hiroko, Naoko Hayashi, Kumi Suzuki, Kaori Yagasaki, Yukiko Iioka, Joyce Neumann, Seigo Nakamura, and Naoto T. Ueno. "Guided Self-Help for Prevention of Depression and Anxiety in Women with Breast Cancer." ISRN Nursing 2012 (October 24, 2012): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2012/716367.
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Depression and anxiety are prevalent in women with breast cancer. We developed a self-help kit as a self-learning package of necessary preparatory information (basic knowledge on chemotherapy, side effects, and problem-solving skills). We provided an oncology nurse-guided self-help kit with a cognitive behavioral therapy approach to 46 women with breast cancer in the intervention group and usual care to 36 in the control group in outpatient chemotherapy settings. The oncology nurse monitored and facilitated the patient’s progress using the diary during the patient’s chemotherapy. We also provided professional-led support group programs. Depression, anxiety, and quality of life were measured at baseline, 1 week, 3 months, and 6 months. The chi-square test and t were used to examine differences between the two groups, and repeated measures analysis of variance was used to test the effects of the intervention on the measures over time. All depression and anxiety scores were improved in both the intervention and control groups, but there were no significant differences between the two groups. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of an oncology nurse-guided self-help approach for cancer patients.
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Vásquez, Elizabeth, Isabel O’Malley, Mario Cruz-Gonzalez, Esther Velásquez, and Margarita Alegría. "The Impact of Social Support on Treatment Participation and Completion in a Disability Prevention Intervention for Older Adults." Journal of Aging and Health 33, no. 7-8 (March 17, 2021): 557–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0898264321999897.
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Objectives: This study evaluates the role of emotional and instrumental social support on treatment participation and completion using the Positive Minds-Strong Bodies (PMSB) disability prevention program. Methods: Data from a multisite randomized controlled trial of the PMSB program for older adults (≥60 years) with physical impairment and mild to severe depression and/or anxiety were used. Participants were randomly assigned to receive 10 sessions of cognitive behavior therapy (CBT) plus 36 sessions of group exercise or usual care. Results: Adjusting for covariates, higher levels of emotional social support at baseline were associated with increased odds of completing the recommended number of CBT sessions (6 or more, OR = 2.58, p = .030), attending 5.56 more exercise sessions ( p = .006), and increased odds of completing the recommended exercise sessions (25 or more, OR = 2.37, p = .047). Discussion: Emotional social support appears to increase dosage in a disability prevention program.
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Guillot-Wright, Shannon, Elizabeth D. Torres, Bianca Obinyan, and Jeff R. Temple. "‘You Learn How to Hate’: Adapting a Healthy Relationship Curriculum Using a Trauma-Informed Race Equity Lens." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, no. 18 (September 21, 2021): 9916. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph18189916.
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Teen dating violence is a public health concern that can lead to short- and long-term mental and physical health consequences, including depression, anxiety, risky behaviors, and unhealthy future relationships. Research shows that social and structural determinants of health, such as racism, low socio-economic status, and neighborhood conditions, may predispose certain communities to violence. To better understand methods to reduce TDV among ethnically and economically diverse populations, we used a trauma-informed race equity lens to adapt an efficacious prevention program known as Fourth R. This universal program has been shown to reduce some dating violence, substance use, and risky sexual behaviors, but there remains room for improvement. Specifically, more attention to trauma and the importance of societal risk and protective factors may improve the program’s effectiveness. Thus, focus group discussions were conducted with students and we then adapted Fourth R lessons specific to trauma, racism, and discrimination. Major themes discussed are that Fourth R and other prevention programs should focus attention on social and structural issues, such as racism and discrimination.