Relevant bibliographies by topics / Preventative Intervention

Academic literature on the topic 'Preventative Intervention'

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Published: 4 June 2021
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Journal articles on the topic "Preventative Intervention"

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Funari, Margaret. "Detecting Symptoms, Early Intervention, and Preventative Education." NASN School Nurse 28, no. 3 (February 13, 2013): 162–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1942602x12473656.

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Eggert, L. D., and S. E. Wiedmeier. "244 UNIVERSAL NEWBORN BILIRUBIN SCREENING AS A PREVENTATIVE INTERVENTION." Journal of Investigative Medicine 53, no. 1 (January 1, 2005): S120.4—S120. http://dx.doi.org/10.2310/6650.2005.00005.243.

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Zigler, Edward, Cara Taussig, and Kathryn Black. "Early childhood intervention: A promising preventative for juvenile delinquency." American Psychologist 47, no. 8 (1992): 997–1006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.47.8.997.

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BEEGHLY, MARJORIE, T. BERRY BRAZELTON, KATHLEEN A. FLANNERY, J. KEVIN NUGENT, DAVID E. BARRETT, and EDWARD Z. TRONICK. "Specificity of Preventative Pediatric Intervention Effects in Early Infancy." Journal of Developmental & Behavioral Pediatrics 16, no. 3 (June 1995): 158???166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/00004703-199506000-00003.

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Wulff, Jerome, Zia Sadique, Richard Grieve, David Howell, Paul Mouncey, Dorothy Wade, Kathryn M. Rowan, and David A. Harrison. "Psychological outcomes following a nurse-led preventative psychological intervention for critically ill patients trial: Statistical and health economic analysis plan." Journal of the Intensive Care Society 19, no. 4 (January 29, 2018): 281–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1751143718755016.

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The Psychological Outcomes following a nurse-led Preventative Psychological Intervention for critically ill patients trial is a cluster-randomised controlled trial of the clinical and cost-effectiveness of a complex nurse-led preventative psychological intervention compared with usual care in reducing patient-reported post-traumatic stress disorder symptom severity, and other reported psychological morbidities, at six months among Level 3 (intensive care) patients in adult general critical care units in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. This paper describes the proposed statistical and health economic analyses for the Psychological Outcomes following a nurse-led Preventative Psychological Intervention for critically ill patients trial. It is important to complete and publish this plan before inspecting and locking the trial data to ensure that post hoc and data-derived decisions are avoided. Trial registration: ISRCTN53448131
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Hains, Anthony A., and Steven W. Ellmann. "Stress Inoculation Training as a Preventative Intervention for High School Youths." Journal of Cognitive Psychotherapy 8, no. 3 (January 1994): 219–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1891/0889-8391.8.3.219.

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This study examined the effectiveness of a school-based prevention intervention to reduce the incidence of negative emotional arousal and other psychological problems in adolescents in response to stress. The prevention program was modeled after a stress inoculation training program and included a variety of cognitive behavioral interventions (i.e., cognitive restructuring, problem solving, anxiety management training). Reductions on anxiety, depression, and anger self-report scales were noted after training, especially in youths who were classified as being high in emotional arousal, and these gains were maintained at follow-up. The waiting list control group showed similar improvements after they received training. Improvements in grade point average, school attendance, physical health problems, and self-reports of total, daily, and major negative stress events were not found, except for some within-group improvements at follow-up.
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Marsh, Robbie J. "Building School Connectedness for Students With Emotional and Behavioral Disorders." Intervention in School and Clinic 54, no. 2 (April 4, 2018): 67–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1053451218765219.

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Designing and implementing effective interventions for students with emotional and behavioral disorders (EBD) continues to challenge teachers. School connectedness is an emerging construct that is preventative for engagement in health-risk behavior and bullying. This article highlights a shift in intervention design and proposes a multifaceted intervention to meet the unique needs of students with EBD. Each component of the school connectedness construct is discussed with accompanying intervention strategies that can be implemented simultaneously to improve the behavioral and academic outcomes for students with EBD.
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Korte, Kristina J., and Norman B. Schmidt. "Transdiagnostic preventative intervention for subclinical anxiety: Development and initial validation." Journal of Psychiatric Research 126 (July 2020): 34–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2020.04.001.

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Whiteley, Laura, Elizabeth Olsen, Leandro Mena, Kayla Haubrick, Lacey Craker, Dylan Hershkowitz, and Larry K. Brown. "A Mobile Gaming Intervention for Persons on Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis: Protocol for Intervention Development and Randomized Controlled Trial." JMIR Research Protocols 9, no. 9 (September 14, 2020): e18640. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/18640.

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Background In the United States, young minority men who have sex with men (MSM) are the most likely to become infected with HIV. Pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is an efficacious and promising prevention strategy. However, PrEP’s safety and effectiveness can be greatly compromised by suboptimal adherence to treatment. To maximize the positive impact of PrEP, it is necessary to combine its prescription with cost-effective behavioral interventions that promote adherence and decrease HIV risk behaviors. In this project, we developed a theoretically informed app/gaming intervention to engage young MSM in learning information, practicing behaviors, and improving motivation for HIV preventative behaviors and PrEP adherence. Objective The goal of this project was to develop and test a cutting-edge, engaging, and entertaining app/gaming intervention for improving adherence to PrEP and building HIV prevention knowledge, skills, and behavior. Methods This study was conducted in two phases. In the developmental phase, we conducted qualitative interviews with young MSM (n=20) to guide the development of the gaming intervention. In the randomized controlled trial, we tested the preliminary efficacy of the gaming intervention compared to a comparison condition among young MSM. Subjects were recruited from the University of Mississippi Medical Center HIV/STI testing clinics (n=60). Results Institutional review board approval was received in February 2015. Research activities began in June 2015 and are still ongoing. Conclusions This app/gaming intervention aimed to improve PrEP adherence and HIV preventative behaviors in young MSM. Engaging young MSM in learning information, practicing behaviors, and improving motivation for increased adherence to PrEP has the potential to decrease HIV seroconversion. It is important to develop interventions that are enjoyable, engaging, and easily incorporated into clinical settings. Trial Registration ClinicalTrials.gov RCT02611362; https://tinyurl.com/y65gkuwr International Registered Report Identifier (IRRID) DERR1-10.2196/18640
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Isaac, Michael, Brenda Elias, Laurence Y. Katz, Shay-Lee Belik, Frank P. Deane, Murray W. Enns, and Jitender Sareen. "Gatekeeper Training as a Preventative Intervention for Suicide: A Systematic Review." Canadian Journal of Psychiatry 54, no. 4 (April 2009): 260–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/070674370905400407.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Preventative Intervention"

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Marquez, Brendan. "Veteran Preventative Intervention Program| A grant proposal." Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2014. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1527989.

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The purpose of this project was to design a 2-year program aimed at addressing the mental health needs of veterans transitioning from deployments in support of Operation Enduring Freedom and Operation Iraqi Freedom to civilian life. The program will address prodromal symptoms of psychosis. With the prevalence of psychotic features in Post Traumatic Stress Disorder, the veteran population is particularly at risk. The program will offer individual and group therapies to assist in symptom management and will utilize case management supportive services to assist in addressing additional needs that the participants may have that hinder help seeking activities, such as housing and substance abuse referrals. The National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health was selected as the funding source for this grant. The actual submission and/or funding of this grant were not a requirement for the successful completion of this project.

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Dixon, Tracy A. "An exploratory study, preventative intervention for adolescents living with parental depressive symptomology." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0021/MQ56784.pdf.

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Grinberg, Austin M., and Austin M. Grinberg. "Implementation of a Brief Preventative Couples Intervention in a Primary Care Setting." Diss., The University of Arizona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625559.

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Healthy romantic relationships are associated with a multitude of positive physical and mental health outcomes. Conversely, low relationship quality and relationship dissolution are associated with risk for poor health outcomes. Accordingly, numerous studies investigate ways to preserve healthy relationships through the use of preventative relationship education interventions, many of which improve relationship outcomes. However, evidence for the efficacy and effectiveness of these interventions is somewhat mixed, and promising interventions often fail to reach at-risk populations due to high participant burden. There is a movement within clinical psychology to create easily accessible, targeted therapy protocols in order to increase the broad availability of these evidence-based interventions. The current study aimed to replicate and extend the Marriage Hack (MH), a brief, evidence-based preventative relationship intervention designed to stabilize the natural decline in relationship quality over time. This study addressed four specific aims designed to: 1) examine the efficacy of the MH intervention using an abbreviated protocol; 2) extend the original MH intervention by investigating theory-based mechanisms of change and assessing individual health outcomes; 3) explore how theory-based mechanisms change over time; and, 4) evaluate the relationship between within-person and between-person variance in process variables and outcome measures. Seventy-eight (N = 78) couples were randomized to the 4-week MH protocol (n = 41) or control condition (n = 37). Results demonstrated men in the intervention group exhibited 1) greater improvements in relationship satisfaction and 2) decreases in both anxiety and depression compared to men in the control group. This study did not replicate the findings of the original MH for additional outcome variables and process variables for men or women. No support was found for mediating effects of additional theory-based mechanisms of change on outcome measures. However, exploratory intensive longitudinal analyses revealed noteworthy relationships between within-person and between-person variance in process variables and treatment outcomes. Research recommendations to further improve preventative relationship interventions and clinical implications of the current findings are discussed.
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Malila, Harry Clifton. "Detect, defuse and protect : preventative intervention strategies towards minimising bullying in the workplace." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/49722.

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Thesis (MBA)--Stellenbosch University, 2002.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Until recently, there was little awareness of the phenomenon of workplace bullying, or of the means by which it is carried out. Even today, many people still know very little or nothing of what goes on behind closed office doors. The prevalence of workplace bullying seems to indicate a worsening trend, and it may be that everyone in the workplace is now at risk of having "an experience". Workplace bullying is the deliberate, hurtful mistreatment of a person by a bully driven by her or his need to control others at work. It is quite simply, psychological violence in the workplace, and the results thereof include psychological trauma, loss of dignity, and feelings of shame in the person being targeted or victimised. Bullying can be regarded as the use or abuse of position or power to coerce others by fear or persecution or to oppress them by force or threat. It has been identified as a more crippling and devastating problem for both employees and employers than all other work-related stresses put together. Most bullying is insidious in that it is carried out at the psychological level. Although it may be most obvious in screaming and publicly abusive episodes, it is usually more subtle and persistent. Its behaviours can include rumours, gossip and attempts to turn others against a person, stealing credit for others' work, deliberate attempts to sabotage someone's work, highly public and humiliating criticism, blame, threatened job loss or punishment. In the case of physical assault, there is no doubt that an attack has taken place. In the case of bullying, it may be months, perhaps even a year or more, before one begins to realise that the difficulty one is experiencing with a particular individual, or group of individuals, goes beyond what can reasonably be expected in one's place of work. In the research the author explored the impact of workplace bullying on the organisation and the individuals (victims) concerned. The author used a real-life case study / example in Chapter 2 to illustrate the existence and the negative effects of this workplace phenomenon. The author suggests some strategies to victims and employers on how to recognise the tactics of their tormentors, how to stop the hurt and regain their dignity, self-esteem and confidence and, furthermore, how to discourage workplace bullying and eliminate its debilitating effects. Organisations should realise that bullying at work is a hidden menace that can destroy individuals and undermine both individual and teamwork performance, and that people can never perform at their best when they are bullied. Employers and employees therefore have a mutual interest in the eradication of this workplace demoraliser, workplace bullying. Ignoring the problem will not make it go away - it will slowly eat away your organisation's bottom line.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Daar was tot onlangs min bewustheid van die verskynsel van werkplektreitering of van die wyse waarop dit toegepas word. Selfs vandag nog weet baie mense baie min of selfs niks van wat eintlik agter geslote kantoordeure aangaan nie. Die voorkoms van werkplektreitering dui op 'n toenemende tendens, en dit kan wees dat elke persoon in die werkplek die gevaar loop om aan hierdie "ervaring" blootgestel te word. Werkplektreitering is die opsetlike en skadelike mishandeling van 'n persoon deur 'n bullebak wat gedryf word deur sy/haar behoefte om almal in die werkplek te beheer. Dit is eenvoudig sielkundige geweld in die werkplek, sowel as die resultaat daarvan, wat insluit sielkundige trauma/geweld, die verlies aan waardigheid, en gevoelens van skaamte in die persoon wat geteiken word of die slagoffer is. Werkplektreitering kan beskou word as die gebruik of misbruik van mag en posisie om vrees by ander in te boesem deur vervolging of onderdrukking of deur dwang of bedreiging. Werkplektreitering is geïndentifiseer as 'n probleem wat meer verlammend en verwoestend is as alle ander werkverwante stressors van werkgewers en werknemers saamgevoeg. Die meeste treitering is verradelik deurdat dit op 'n sielkundige vlak uitgevoer word. Alhoewel 'n geskree en openlike beledigende episodes die ooglopendste is, is dit gewoontlik meer subtiel en aanhoudend. Die gedrag van die werkplekbullebak kan insluit gerugte, skinderpraatjies, pogings om persone teen mekaar op te steek, krediet te neem vir 'n ander se werk, doelbewuste pogings om iemand se werk te saboteer, hoogs openlike en vernederende kritiek, beskuldigings, asook dreigemente met betrekking tot werksverlies of straf. Met fisieke geweld is daar geen twyfel dat 'n aanranding plaasgevind het nie. Met werkplektreitering kan dit egter maande, miskien selfs 'n jaar of meer, neem voordat 'n mens besef dat die probleme wat met 'n spesifieke individu of groep individue ondervind word verder strek as wat redelikerwys binne 'n mens se werkplek verwag kan word. In die navorsingsverslag het die skrywer die moontlike impak van treitering in die werkplek op die organisasie én die individue wat daaraan onderworpe is, ondersoek. Die skrywer het gebruik gemaak van 'n werklike gevallestudie in Hoofstuk 2 om die teenwoordigheid en die negatiewe impak van werkplektreitering binne die werksomgewing te illustreer. Die skrywer stel sekere strategieë aan slagoffers en werkgewers voor oor die wyse waarop die taktiek van die plaaggeeste herken kan word, hoe om die seerkry te stop en waardigheid, selfagting en selfvertroue terug te bring en voorts hoe om werkplektreitering te ontmoedig en die aftakelende gevolge daarvan te elimineer. Organisasies moet besef dat werkplektreitering 'n weggesteekte bedreiging is wat individue kan vernietig en individuele en spanwerkprestasies kan ondermyn en dat mense nooit op hul beste kan presteer wanneer hulle getreiter word nie. Werkgewers en werknemers het dus 'n wedersydse belang in die uitroeiing van hierdie werkplek demorialiseerder, werkplektreitering. Deur die probleem te ignoreer sal dit nie laat verdwyn nie, maar dit sal stadig maar seker tot organisasies se ondergang lei.
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Washkansky, Gail. "Participants' perceptions of a high school substance use prevention programme." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/4595.

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Magister Psychologiae - MPsych
There are many theories as to why adolescents engage in substance abuse. These theories have formed the basis of various substance abuse prevention programmes aimed at reducing this problem. Evaluation of these interventions is needed in order to assess their effectiveness and to improve on future prevention strategies. The literature highlights tensions and differences between the primary preventative approaches to substance abuse and the harm reduction model. It also suggests that psychosocial or life skills programmes and interventions employing a harm reduction approach tend to be viewed as more suitable for adolescents than other approaches. This study focuses on a high school intervention programme running since 1996, which has not yet been evaluated. It aimed to identify the programme's strengths and weaknesses, as well as participants' perception of the intervention. A qualitative research method was used, employing focus groups as the tool for data gathering. The sample for the study was made up of 30 volunteers from three grade 10 classes that completed the programme two years prior to this study. Data was transcribed verbatim and analyzed using thematic analysis. Links were made to the two approaches referred to above. Analysis of the data indicated that although stories used to warn and frighten people were shown to have a shocking impact on the participants, pupils found it difficult to make the connection between the speakers' horrific stories and their own experimentation with drugs and alcohol. It was found that participants appreciated the fact that they were being informed about the dangers of substance use, and that they were encouraged to take responsibility for their own decisions regarding this behaviour. The informal, non-judgemental stance of the speakers served to reinforce this message. In conclusion, the study indicated that the different methods used in the various prevention programmes are in fact not altogether different. It is suggested that the various models are potentially compatible, and can perhaps work together to establish an effective preventative strategy.
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Gatt, Justine Megan. "The Personality-Disease Link: An Evaluation of a Predictive Personality Measure, the Mediating Mechanisms of the Personality-Disease Link and a Preventative Intervention." University of Sydney, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/915.

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Doctor of Philosophy
Grossarth-Maticek and Eysenck (1988) demonstrated that personality type as measured by the 70-item Grossarth-Maticek Personality Stress Inventory (GMPSI), predicts mortality and its cause with remarkable accuracy. Further, various forms of autonomy training, such as bibliotherapy and short individual treatment that were designed to reduce the toxic personality features (such as emotional dependence) effectively improved long-term health outcomes. However, several aspects of their theory and research were either insufficiently explicated or require further investigation. For example, the researchers did not thoroughly investigate the psychometric properties of the inventory, and they did not sufficiently examine the mechanisms that may mediate the personality-health relationship. Further, the autonomy training was inadequately described, and perhaps could have been briefer and had the same impact. Three studies were run to investigate these issues further. Study 1 (Chapter 2) investigated the internal consistency, test-retest reliability and convergent, discriminant and concurrent validity of the GMPSI in 312 first-year students, using a variety of statistical techniques (e.g., structural equation modeling, confirmatory factor analysis, and simple correlations). In addition, the psychometric properties of this scale were compared to those of three revised versions of the scale, which were theorised to be psychometric improvements of the original version from basic principles. The revised versions contained reverse-worded items (of different types) to monitor and disrupt acquiescence response sets, and/or an extended response scale to improve internal consistency and stability. Psychometric effects of reverse-wording and the extended response scale on scale reliability were examined via the analysis of construct reliability estimates, personality subscale model fit of congeneric measurement models (a form of structural equation modeling), and test-retest reliability estimates. The original version of the scale appeared to be the most reliable and valid scale of the four versions. This improved reliability of the original version was not an artifact of an acquiescence response set, because this form of responding was not prevalent in the reverse-worded versions. In contrast, it appeared that the incorporation of reverse-wording degraded the internal consistency of the scale as participants appeared to respond to the positive and negative-worded items as if they were measurements of independent constructs, rather than measurements of constructs on opposite ends of a particular dimension. Predicted correlations between the GMPSI and concurrent validity measures offered support for Grossarth-Maticek's theory, and suggest that the GMPSI is an effective and reliable tool for the measurement of these personality types. However, experimental evidence supporting the link between personality, mediating mechanisms and disease is required to further substantiate these findings. The second and third studies (Chapters 3 and 4, respectively) were investigations of the utility of an information pamphlet discussing stress, assertiveness and relaxation, in improving GMPSI personality type stress responses in a student and a community sample (Studies 2 and 3 respectively), and provided an opportunity to investigate the mechanisms mediating the personality-health relationship via experimental manipulation. Specifically, Study 2 investigated the effectiveness of the pamphlet in improving personality scores, mood, coping strategies, health behaviours, and salivary cortisol levels (measured at pre-treatment, 1-month post-treatment and 5-months post-treatment) in 200 first-year university students. Further, two modes of administration of the pamphlet were compared: pure selfadministration versus instruction accompanied by self-administration. Group differences in mood and cortisol reactivity to a visualisation stress task were also assessed. Very few significant differences were found between the two pamphlet administration forms. Both pamphlet forms were effective in improving mood states, some lifestyle habits (e.g., exercise), and salivary cortisol responses to the acute stress task compared to the control group. The strength of these effects ranged from small to medium, and all significant differences were between pre-treatment and the 1-month post-treatment session. The failure to observe differences at the 5-months post-treatment session may have been due to inadequacies of the treatment, or low statistical power for detecting effects from the final session due to the large attrition rate that had occurred by this session. Overall, while large treatment effect sizes were not found, the results could be construed as "clinically" significant when taking into account the low costs of implementing an information pamphlet in the larger community, and the potential benefits on individuals' stress responses and health behaviours. Study 3 aimed to investigate the treatment effects of the same self-administered pamphlet in 77 participants from the general community, who varied largely in age (19 - 77 years). Treatment and control groups were compared in terms of treatment compliance, cortisol levels, health behaviours, personality scores, perceived stress, mood, and coping styles (measured at pre-treatment, 2 weeks posttreatment, 3 months post-treatment, and 6 months post-treatment). In addition, group differences in cortisol reactivity to an acute cognitive stress task were examined. Home visits were arranged for each session to reduce sample attrition. Further, an intervention evaluation form was administered at each post-treatment session to verify and maintain treatment involvement. Several significant treatment effects were observed, including changes in personality scores and non-productive coping strategies, and the strength of these effects ranged from medium to very large. Most participants reported that they found the information pamphlet very appealing and helpful. In addition to the examination of intervention effects in the second and third studies, a path model that aimed to identify direct and mediating relationships between personality and concurrently measured disease was examined for the two samples (Chapter 5). This path model was based on a new integrative theory of personality-disease, which was developed. Eysenck's (1991) proposed personality-disease model formed the foundation of this new theory, and elements of several other generic personality-disease models were also incorporated. This theory was empirically tested using path analysis on the student and community data separately. Common pathways in the two models were then tested for invariance. Overall, most paths proposed by the integrative model were identified in one or both samples; thus, the model was generally supported. All common direct paths were statistically invariant (i.e., equivalent) in the two samples. While personality did not appear to directly predict illness, several significant indirect pathways were identified by which personality appears to affect disease incidence, such as via perceived stress, mood, coping styles, and physical risk factors. These findings appear to support Grossarth-Maticek's theory that personality affects disease incidence via stress responses, as well as other generic approaches (i.e., the personality-induced hyperreactivity model and the stress moderator model) that emphasise the stress-moderating effects of personality on health. However, support for the dangerous behaviours model was not found, which posits that certain personality dispositions seek risky behaviours (e.g., poor health behaviours such as smoking and alcohol consumption) that fit their personality. The final Chapter 6 directly compares the results of these three studies, and discusses their practical and theoretical significance in terms of Grossarth-Maticek's theory and research, views of critics, and other personality-health perspectives and research. In summary, the current studies appear to suggest that the GMPSI is a reliable and valid scale for the measurement of particular personality traits. Further, there appears to be evidence to suggest that personality traits can be changed by an intervention pamphlet. This information pamphlet also appears to be effective in significantly improving responses to stress, and these effects are more prominent in high-risk groups (i.e., subjects with extreme personality trait scores). Moreover, there is some evidence to suggest that personality may have direct effects on several mechanisms involved in the development of disease. Overall, this thesis demonstrates the importance of recognising the role of personality and stress in disease prevention and prediction by providing independent evidence for the benefits of treatment and mechanisms by which benefits may occur.
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Bhatti, Krishna. "'Definitely she used the word poison, I liked that' : elderly Sikh immigrants' experience of a culturally adapted preventative health intervention." Thesis, Queen Margaret University, 2016. https://eresearch.qmu.ac.uk/handle/20.500.12289/7732.

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Aims: Punjabi Sikh immigrants are more likely to develop and live with lifestyle related illnesses than the host population. Identifying factors that influence these health inequalities is challenging. Various socio-cultural factors have shown to pose barriers for this sub-group to access mainstream preventative health services. The current study aimed to explore how elderly Punjabi Sikhs made sense of taking part in a culturally adapted health promoting intervention (CAHPI), to facilitate physical activity and healthy eating behaviours. A newly developed behaviour change model: COM-B underpinned the intervention design and contents. Method: Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a purposeful sample of 7 Sikh immigrants who had taken part in a CAHPI. The resulting data was analysed using Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis, focusing on the participants lived experience of the CAHPI. Results: The following themes were revealed: 1) “for our good health, we are getting some help with our health”, 2) “It was in our Gurdwara”, 3) “We all got together, the time passed nicely”, 4) “We are in a different stage in our lives now, we are not the same people we were 10 years ago, and 5) “You can’t learn all the things in one day, we need some more”. Discussion: The in-depth analysis allowed this generally ‘unheard’ population, to voice their views of taking part in the CAHPI. The findings showed that by incorporating meaningful components relating to the design and delivery of such interventions, wider engagement of the target population can be achieved. The IPA approach helped capture the complexities that exist between individuals within these specific populations, and the meanings they attach to the phenomenon being explored. Conclusion and implications: The current findings show the importance of drawing on a range of disciplines and guidance from the newly developed COM-B model to help identify and understand the mechanisms that facilitate behaviour change in this context. Consequently, meaningful collaboration between health care professionals and local communities can help identify strategies for addressing some of the health inequalities that exist within this marginalised community. In particular, the utility of places of worship and fear appeal approaches for delivering such initiatives, have shown to be invaluable.
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Casale, Laura Elizabeth. "The impact of the antenatal class "Baby World" on the caregiver-infant relationship : a pilot study." Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/2299/12532.

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Research suggests that the relationship between caregivers and their infants has a significant effect on development and well-being across the lifespan. There is a significant body of research into psychological interventions which focus on this relationship. However, there is only limited research into the impact of antenatal interventions which aim to promote the caregiver-foetus relationship, thus preventing later difficulties in the caregiver-infant relationship. Findings so far suggest that such interventions could be effective, and recommendations have been made for further studies exploring the effect antenatal interventions on the caregiver-foetus relationship. This pilot study explored the impact of a newly developed psychoeducational intervention entitled “Baby World” on the caregiver-foetal relationship. Seventy-nine females and 26 males who were expecting their first child were recruited from an NHS midwife service in London. They were randomly allocated to experimental or control groups. All participants completed questionnaires measuring antenatal attachment, mental health and childhood experiences of caregiving at baseline. Those in the experimental group then attended the Baby World class. All participants then completed the questionnaires for a second time, and then attended the standard antenatal classes. Following attendance at these classes, participants completed the questionnaires for a third time and gave anonymous responses to qualitative questions. Statistical analyses of the quantitative data indicated that the intervention did not have an impact on antenatal attachment. Results did show that antenatal attachment increased over time, whilst anxiety decreased. A significant correlation was found between recollections of maternal caring and antenatal attachment. Qualitative analysis suggested that the intervention did have an impact on aspects of the relationship. In the qualitative responses, the majority of participants wrote that the class had been a positive experience for them, and that it had increased their confidence about being a caregiver. Many of the responses indicated that the class had positively affected their skills in reflective functioning, caregiver sensitivity and attunement, and changed their perspective on how to interact with their infant. The results add to the literature regarding the impact of antenatal interventions on the caregiver-foetus relationship. Further research is needed to explore the impact of the intervention on the relationship more closely, in particular to understand which aspects of the relationship may be affected. There are several limitations of the study, in particular the small sample size and the limited number of expectant fathers who participated. Reasons for these limitations are discussed.
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Wigrup, Ida, and Linn Warfving. "Metoder som arbetsterapeuter kan använda för att minska utmanande beteende : En scoping review." Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för rehabilitering, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-40071.

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Utmanande beteende kan ofta innebära aktivitetsinskränkningar för individer som lider av beteendet men även för omgivningen. Detta innebär färre möjligheter till aktivitet och delaktighet och riskerar att gå ut över livskvalitén. Idag saknas ett fokus för att utveckla arbetsterapeutiska metoder inom området och forskningen som finns är begränsad. Syftet med examensarbetet var att visa vilka arbetsterapeutiska metoder som beskrivs i litteraturen för att minska utmanande beteende. Studiedesignen som användes var scoping review. Databaserna som användes var AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE och PsycINFO. Inklusionskriterier för artiklarna var att de var tillgängliga i fulltext, skrivna på engelska och publicerade mellan 2003 och 2018. Sökning resulterade i 124 träffar varav 13 var dubbletter. Resultatet inkluderade 20 artiklar som motsvarade syftet varav 13 var publicerade i USA. Resultatet visade en stor bredd av metoder som delades in i fyra nyckelområden: aktivitetsbaserade metoder, miljöbaserade metoder, sensoriska metoder samt stöd och strategier. Detta är ett relativt outforskat område där det finns stora möjligheter för arbetsterapeuter att bidra med sin kompetens.
Challenging behaviour often results in occupational limitations for the individual that suffer from the behaviour, but also for their surroundings. This entails reduced possibilities to activity and participation which will affect their quality of life. There is a lack of focus on developing occupational therapeutic methods within this area today, also the current research within the field is limited. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to explore occupational therapeutic methods described in the literature to reduce challenging behaviour. Scoping review was used as study design. In AMED, CINAHL, MEDLINE and Psycinfo were 124 articles found, 13 of these were doublets. The result included 20 articles corresponding to the aim, 13 of these were published in USA. and 20 articles which corresponded to the aim was included in the results. All included articles were available in full text, written in english and published between 2003- 2018. A wide range of methods were shown in the results. These were categorized into four key issues: activity based methods, environmental methods, sensory methods and support and strategies. This field is relatively unexplored and there are large possibilities for occupational therapists to contribute with competence.
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Charles, Linda J. "A portfolio of academic, therapeutic practice and research work : including a research report on 'Developing a questionnaire to identify the possible need for preventative psychotherapeutic intervention during pregnancy'." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.326459.

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Books on the topic "Preventative Intervention"

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Bartu, Anne. Evaluation of a preventative intervention strategy in a non-clinical setting using computerised screening. [Perth, W.A.]: Western Australian Alcohol & Drug Authority, 1991.

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School rampage shootings and other youth disturbances: Early preventative interventions. New York, NY: Routledge, 2012.

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The role of the International Criminal Court in preventing atrocity crimes through timely intervention: From the Humanitarian Intervention Doctrine and ex post facto judicial institutions to the notion of responsibility to protect and the preventative role of the International Criminal Court : inaugural lecture as chair in international criminal law and international criminal procedure at Utrecht University, delivered on 18 October 2010. The Hague: Eleven International Publishing, 2011.

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Gruber, Reut, Evelyn Constantin, Jamie Cassoff, and Sonia Michaelsen. Preventative Intervention. Edited by Amy Wolfson and Hawley Montgomery-Downs. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199873630.013.0036.

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Best Defense?: Legitimacy and Preventative Force. Hoover Institution Press, 2010.

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Sato, Hideo. Containing Conflict: Cases in Preventative Diplomacy. Japan Center for International Exchange, 2003.

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Galindo, Rodrigo García. The preventative war doctrine in international law: The Iraqi case. 2004.

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Simpson, Anna T. The roles of self-regulation and coping in a preventative cognitive-behavioural intervention for school-age children at-risk for internalizing disorders. 2007.

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Bueno, Héctor, and José A. Barrabés. Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0046.

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Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are life-threatening disorders, usually caused by acute coronary thrombosis and subsequent myocardial ischaemia, presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation in the initial electrocardiogram. According to the occurrence of myocardial necrosis, non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are divided into non-ST-segment myocardial infarction or unstable angina. The management of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes requires an early diagnosis and risk stratification, urgent hospitalization, monitoring, and medical treatment, including antithrombotic therapy with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus one P2Y12 inhibitor) and parenteral anticoagulation, anti-ischaemic treatment, and preventative therapies. After the initial medical therapy is established, an invasive strategy, consisting of coronary angiography with coronary revascularization (either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass graft surgery), as appropriate, should be decided. The timing of the invasive strategy should be adjusted, according to the patient’s risk. Given the high event rate of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes after hospital discharge, an aggressive long-term preventative therapy should be put in place to improve prognosis.
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Bueno, Héctor, and José A. Barrabés. Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780199687039.003.0046_update_001.

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Non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are life-threatening disorders, usually caused by acute coronary thrombosis and subsequent myocardial ischaemia, presenting without persistent ST-segment elevation in the initial electrocardiogram. According to the occurrence of myocardial necrosis, non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes are divided into non-ST-segment myocardial infarction or unstable angina. The management of non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes requires an early diagnosis and risk stratification, urgent hospitalization, monitoring, and medical treatment, including antithrombotic therapy with dual antiplatelet therapy (aspirin plus one P2Y12 inhibitor) and parenteral anticoagulation, anti-ischaemic treatment, and preventative therapies. After the initial medical therapy is established, an invasive strategy, consisting of coronary angiography with coronary revascularization (either percutaneous coronary intervention or coronary bypass graft surgery), as appropriate, should be decided. The timing of the invasive strategy should be adjusted, according to the patient’s risk. Given the high event rate of patients with non-ST-segment elevation acute coronary syndromes after hospital discharge, an aggressive long-term preventative therapy should be put in place to improve prognosis.
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Book chapters on the topic "Preventative Intervention"

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Schulte, Paul. "The Discreet Indispensability of Unpiloted Assistance? Remote Aerial Capabilities in Upstream Preventative Stabilisation Interventions." In Before Military Intervention, 27–52. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-98437-7_2.

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Bryant, Richard A. "The potential for psychological debriefing as a preventative intervention." In Treating PTSD in first responders: A guide for serving those who serve., 91–102. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/0000255-008.

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De Young, Alexandra C., and Justin A. Kenardy. "Preventative Early Intervention for Children and Adolescents Exposed to Trauma." In Evidence-Based Treatments for Trauma Related Disorders in Children and Adolescents, 121–43. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-46138-0_6.

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Cook-Cottone, Catherine P., Evelyn Tribole, and Tracy L. Tylka. "Preventative intervention: Media literacy, body image, body tolerance, and self-regulated eating." In Healthy eating in schools: Evidence-based interventions to help kids thrive., 145–84. Washington: American Psychological Association, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1037/14180-008.

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Bossi, Paolo, and Luigi Lorini. "Optimal Supportive Measures during Primary Treatment." In Critical Issues in Head and Neck Oncology, 221–30. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63234-2_15.

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AbstractSupportive care during curative treatment of head and neck cancer patients has different scopes: reducing the burden of acute toxicities and limiting the risk of developing late adverse effects; increasing the quality of life of the patients; allowing to perform optimal curative therapy, maintaining treatment dose intensity; preventing higher grade toxicities so to reduce also the costs associated with hospitalization, examinations, visits and use of drugs. At the same time, it is necessary to give uniformity in the supportive care protocols, as these preventive and therapeutic measures may influence the results of oncological treatments and their efficacy should be evaluated in a consistent manner. Several preventive and therapeutic interventions are available, particularly in the context of chemoradiotherapy, where the adverse events are more prominent. An accurate evaluation of the patient and a tailored approach with preventative indications and therapeutic interventions represent key factors. This approach could be easily identified within a “simultaneous care” strategy, as the optimal supportive measures are provided concurrently to the best therapeutic approach since the beginning of the treatment.
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Nguyen, Binh, Greg J. Fox, Paul H. Mason, and Justin T. Denholm. "Preventive Therapy for Multidrug Resistant Latent Tuberculosis Infection: An Ethical Imperative with Ethical Barriers to Implementation?" In Ethics and Drug Resistance: Collective Responsibility for Global Public Health, 19–35. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-27874-8_2.

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Abstract Multidrug resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) has a substantial impact on individuals and communities globally, including lengthy, expensive and burdensome therapy with high rates of treatment failure and death. Strategies to prevent disease are well established for those who acquire latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) after exposure to drug susceptible TB (DS-TB). However, there has been limited research or programmatic experience regarding the prevention of MDR-TB. Accordingly, while global recommendations strongly emphasize the need to deliver LTBI therapy after TB exposure, most programs do not do so where MDR LTBI is identified. The paucity of prospective randomized trial evidence for the effectiveness of MDR LTBI therapy, and concerns regarding its adverse effects, have been used to justify a reluctance to scale up programmatic interventions to prevent MDR-TB, or to participate in research evaluating such strategies. However, such a response fails to adequately balance potential risks of therapy with the substantial harms associated with inaction. Furthermore, the cost of inaction falls disproportionately on the most vulnerable members of society, including children. Delays in implementing proven preventive strategies may also mask hidden programmatic concerns, particularly regarding the financial cost and other burdens of treating drug resistant infection. Reticence to engage with preventative therapy for MDR-TB, even in the absence of high-level evidence, may run counter to the best interests of individuals who have been exposed to MDR-TB. This chapter will explore ethical tensions raised by expanding access to preventative therapies for MDR-TB, and consider how ethically optimal responses to this adverse condition may be evaluated. An ethical perspective on evidentiary burden will be addressed, emphasizing how MDR LTBI research may both offer, and be shaped by, paradigmatic insights into human research ethics more generally. Emerging research and illustrations from the authors programmatic engagement in Vietnam are offered as case examples, because social and community expectations and norms may challenge, or support, implementation of therapy for drug-resistant infection. Such circumstances prompt consideration of the broader questions of social impact, such as the potential for widespread preventive therapy to accelerate the development of antimicrobial resistance.
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Body, Alison. "The changing role of children’s charities delivering early intervention services." In Children's Charities in Crisis, 145–76. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781447346432.003.0007.

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In chapter 6 we explore the impact of commissioning and policy changes on early intervention and preventative services for children delivered by the charitable sector. The definition of early intervention and preventative services is highly contested and politicised within policy and commissioning processes. This reflects an ongoing debate regarding the shifting paradigm of prevention. As the commissioning narrative has developed, there has been an overall disengagement between the voluntary sector providers and State. As the charitable sector is increasingly exposed to intensifying marketization, polarisation of relationships increases. We identify here three ‘types’ of organisational responses to this ever-changing environments; conformers – those charities who align themselves close to the State and regularly reinterpret their mission to fit State logic; the outliers – those charities which reject State approaches to early intervention and seek to deliver services completely independently of the State; and the intermediaries – those charities which walk between conformity and dissent, working with the State when necessary or too their advantage, and walking away when not. We discuss how these types fundamentally alter children’s charities perspectives and experiences of commissioning and the impact this has on their wider work.
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Nakamura, Takafumi, and Kyoich Kijima. "Total System Intervention for System Failure." In Multidisciplinary Studies in Knowledge and Systems Science, 193–213. IGI Global, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-4666-3998-0.ch014.

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In this paper, total system intervention for system failure (TSI for SF) is proposed for preventing further occurrences of system failures. TSI is a critical system practice for managing complex and differing viewpoints. First, the authors introduce meta-methodology called “system of system failures” (SOSF) as a common language among various stakeholders to improve their understanding of system failures. The actual application scenario is proposed: “TSI for SF.” The SOSF and related methodologies are used in the course of the subsequent discussion and debate to agree on who is responsible for the failure and identify the preventative measures to be applied. An application example in information and communication technologies engineering demonstrates that using the proposed “TSI for SF” helps prevent future system failures by learning from previous system failures. Three actions are identified for preventing further system failures: closing the gap between the stakeholders, introducing absolute goals, and enlarging system boundary.
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Ferrell, Natasha, and Tricia Crosby-Cooper. "The Use of PBIS in Resolving Ethical Dilemmas Created by Disproportionate Punitive Practice for Students of Color." In Advances in Psychology, Mental Health, and Behavioral Studies, 212–32. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-7582-5.ch012.

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Disciplinary practices in the K-12 setting have historically shown a higher propensity for harsher punitive practices for students of color. This is evidenced by years of research describing disproportionate disciplinary practices. These disproportionate practices have created an ethical dilemma in our school system, as students of color have experienced higher rates of office discipline referrals, school suspensions, and expulsions. One method used in the school system to address disproportionate punitive practices is positive behavior intervention supports (PBIS). Positive behavior intervention supports is a systematic pro-active and preventative model that uses evidence-based interventions to reduce behaviors of concern. This chapter examines the use of PBIS to address the ethical dilemma created in the school system due to disproportionate punitive practices.
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Gur, Raquel E., Ruben C. Gur, Matcheri S. Keshavan, Christian Kohler, and Elaine Walker. "Prevention of Schizophrenia." In Treating and Preventing Adolescent Mental Health Disorders, edited by Raquel E. Gur, 157–80. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med-psych/9780199928163.003.0007.

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This chapter introduces the topic with an overview of the current thinking on preventative measures for schizophrenia. It states that there are currently recognized precursors of schizophrenia that are apparent during adolescence. A wide variety of early intervention techniques have been developed, which draw on the knowledge of these precursors to identify individuals at risk for the illness and to prevent the predisposition toward schizophrenia from developing into the full disorder. However, prevention efforts have necessarily lagged behind studies of the risk factors, detection, and early intervention of the disease. The chapter ends by asking the question: do early intervention and prevention efforts work?
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Conference papers on the topic "Preventative Intervention"

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Kim, Joanne, Victoria H. Arrandale, Irena N. Kudla, Diane Van Dyk, Adrienne Fulford, Kevin Mardell, Ted Haines, M. Diane Lougheed, and D. L. Holness. "Preventative Practices In Occupational Asthma: An Educational Intervention In Farmers." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a3459.

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Watton, Paul N., Marc Homer, Justin Penrose, Harry Thompson, Haoyu Chen, Alisa Selimovic, and Yiannis Ventikos. "Patient-Specific Modelling of Intracranial Aneurysm Evolution." In ASME 2011 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2011-53223.

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Intracranial aneurysms appear as sac-like outpouchings of the cerebral vasculature wall; inflated by the pressure of the blood that fills them. They are relatively common and affect up to 5% of the adult population. Fortunately, most remain asymptomatic. However, there is a small but inherent risk of rupture: 0.1% to 1% of detected aneurysms rupture every year. If rupture does occur there is a 30% to 50% chance of fatality. Consequently, if an aneurysm is detected, clinical intervention may be deemed appropriate. Therapy is currently aimed at pre-rupture detection and preventative treatment. However, interventional procedures are not without risk to the patient. The improvement and optimization of interventional techniques is an important concern for patient welfare and is necessary for rationalisation of healthcare priorities. Hence there is a need to develop methodologies to assist in identifying those ICAs most at risk of rupture. We focus on the mathematical modelling and computational simulation of ICA evolution. Models must take into consideration: (i) the biomechanics of the arterial wall; (ii) the biology of the arterial wall and (iii) the complex interplay between (i) and (ii), i.e. the mechanobiology of the arterial wall. The ultimate ambition of such models is to aid clinical diagnosis on a patient-specific basis. However, due to the significant biological complexity coupled with limited histological information such models are still in their relative infancy. Current research focuses on simulating the evolution of an ICA with an aim to yield insight into the growth and remodelling (G&R) processes that give rise to inception, enlargement, stabilisation and rupture. We present a novel Fluid-Structure-Growth computational framework for modelling aneurysm evolution.
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Meor Hashim, Meor M., M. Hazwan Yusoff, M. Faris Arriffin, Azlan Mohamad, Dalila Gomes, Majo Jose, and Tengku Ezharuddin Tengku Bidin. "Utilizing Artificial Neural Network for Real-Time Prediction of Differential Sticking Symptoms." In International Petroleum Technology Conference. IPTC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2523/iptc-21221-ms.

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Abstract Stuck pipe is one of the leading causes of non-productive time (NPT) while drilling. Machine learning (ML) techniques can be used to predict and avoid stuck pipe issues. In this paper, a model based on ML to predict and prevent stuck pipe related to differential sticking (DS) is presented. The stuck pipe indicator is established by detecting and predicting abnormalities in the drag signatures during tripping and drilling activities. The solution focuses on detecting differential sticking risk via assessing hookload signatures, based on previous experience from historical wells. Therefore, selecting the proper training set has proven to be a crucial stage of model development, especially considering the challenges in data quality. The model is trained with historical wells with and without differential sticking issues. The solution is based on the Artificial Neural Network (ANN) approach. The model is designed to provide users, i.e., driller or monitoring specialist, a warning whenever a risk is identified. Since multi-step forecasting is used, the warning is given with enough time for the driller or monitoring specialist to evaluate which preventative action or intervention is necessary. The warnings are provided typically between 30 minutes and 4 hours ahead. The model validation includes the performance metrics and a confusion matrix. Practical cases with real-time wells are also provided. The ML model was proven robust and practical with our data sets, for both historical and live wells. The huge amount of data produced while drilling holds valuable information and when smartly fed into an Artificial Intelligence (AI) model, it can prevent NPT such as stuck pipe events as demonstrated in this paper.
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Harrison, M., N. Bansback, L. Spooner, K. Milbers, C. Koehn, and M. Hudson. "THU0653 Preventing rheumatoid arthritis: a general population pilot study on perspectives of the risk of developing the disease and potential preventative interventions." In Annual European Congress of Rheumatology, 14–17 June, 2017. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd and European League Against Rheumatism, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/annrheumdis-2017-eular.2170.

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Gounis, Matthew J., Imramsjah M. J. van der Bom, Ajay K. Wakhloo, Shaokuan Zheng, John P. Weaver, Ajit S. Puri, Ju-Yu Chueh, Anna Luisa Kuhn, and Alexei A. Bogdanov. "Modeling Unstable Brain Aneurysms: MR Molecular Imaging of Myeloperoxidase in Vascular Wall and Correlation With Human Pathology." In ASME 2013 Summer Bioengineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sbc2013-14488.

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Brain aneurysm bleeding is associated with high rates of fatality or permanent neurological impairment. Despite the low risk of bleeding of an unruptured cerebral aneurysm (UCA) [1,2], the dismal outcome of aneurysmal rupture has led to the aggressive treatment of these aneurysms. In 2008, approximately 60,000 UCAs were treated in the USA [3]. The rate of morbidity and mortality from treatment is high: approximately 5 and 14% for coil embolization and surgical clipping, respectively [3]. The risk-benefit analysis does not support treatment of all UCAs and in an era of significant attention to healthcare economics, considerable expense for treatment of unruptured aneurysms may not be justified. Thus, there is a strong clinical need to identify asymptomatic patients with UCA who would benefit from preventative interventional or surgical procedures.
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Gower, Stephen R., and David Whitman. "Guidance on In Line Inspection First Run Success." In 2012 9th International Pipeline Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ipc2012-90284.

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First run success is a key performance measure used in the BP Global In Line Inspection (ILI) Contract [1]. This drives effectiveness and efficiency in the processes supporting ILI and it is a key commercial performance indicator for ILI Suppliers. Although run success rates are often referred to across the industry there has been little standardisation in the terminology, or the factors that lead to a successful run. Three definitions have been established for run success: Technical; Commercial and Operational. Each has a place although it is Operational run success that drives improvements between operators and suppliers. The introduction of a performance measure for first run success increases the focus on getting things right the first time. The financial cost of ILI run failure has probably been underestimated by the industry; although it is estimated that it could be as high as 30% of total contracted costs for ILI. For some projects the costs associated with a failed run can be far greater than the original project costs (e.g. additional vessel support costs for deployment or recovery during offshore operations). A failed run can also result in a delayed inspection and an associated increased risk as well as potentially compromising compliance with regulatory requirements. The consequences of run failure vary in severity and can be presented in a pyramid similar to the typical representation of safety statistics. A stuck tool requiring intervention or a pipeline failure, as a result of an incorrect inspection report, would be at the top of the pyramid. The lower tiers would capture technical failures and the effectiveness of cleaning. Understanding the consequence of failures can help drive performance improvements across the industry. As part of the BP continuous improvement process, ILI Suppliers and internal stakeholders were brought together for a facilitated workshop to understand the factors affecting first run success rates. The workshop identified a number of common themes which were consistent across all of the Suppliers addressing; both operational issues and tool performance. A Guidance Note was then developed with the ILI Suppliers to drive improvements in first run success rates. This was shared with the Pipeline Operators Forum (POF) in October 2011 and has been further developed as a POF Guidance Document. A separate guidance note has been developed to address recommended practices for collecting and verifying field data. Successful ILI requires good communication between all parties. As the industry starts to inspect more difficult and challenging lines it will be important to improve ILI run success rates. Across the industry we probably know how to do it, but doing it consistently is the challenge. The development of industry Guidance Notes represent a small step towards achieving this objective. As ILI operations improve the focus will increasingly turn to the reliability of tools. There is much that can be learnt from other industry sectors, such as the motor or aviation industry, on improving reliability of components and systems. This will require an increased use of preventative maintenance practices. There is also a need to create a common basis for reporting reliability of inspection tools and for this to be taken into account when operators make their selection of ILI tools. The Global ILI Contract has brought an increased focus to the performance of the overall inspection process which is driving improvements in first run success rates. It has facilitated the development of guidelines on best practice and is starting to set standards for reliability. The high level of cooperation between suppliers and operators to drive improvements in this area is a measure of the importance of first run success rates to all parts of our industry. Achieving ILI first run success requires both the operator and ILI supplier to work together. Whilst each has a key part to play effective communication from an early stage is essential.
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