Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Preventative health care'
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1
McKnight, Madalyn. "Utilization of Preventative Care Services by African Americans Post-Affordable Care Act." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/7700.
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Preventative care services allow patients to be fully equipped with the knowledge, tools, and other resources to help them discover and treat many diseases and illnesses so that the burden of costs will not fall on patients and their families. Since the passage of the Affordable Care of Act (ACA) by President Barack Obama, the requirement for health insurance coverage has not translated to utilization of preventative care services. The purpose of this study is to determine the motivation for African Americans who have insurance coverage and access to care who are not taking advantage of opportunities for screenings and health education. The health belief model was used to determine how belief and modifying factors influence health decisions. The quantitative study required use of a secondary dataset to determine utilization of preventative care services, insurance affordability, future access to care and understanding of the health care law. The study included testing the statistical significance of these factors among African Americans, White Americans, and Hispanic Americans who participated in the Healthy Americas Survey. Using the program SPSS to process data analyzation and organize output, results reveal that African American participants are concerned about the future ability to access and afford care. With a history of distrust amongst African Americans and the health industry, social implications are for administrators and providers to bridge the gap by offering health education to those in their immediate communities and requesting and implementing feedback from those same individuals.
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Robertson, Steve. "Lay men's and health professionals' beliefs about masculinity and preventative health care." Thesis, Lancaster University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414954.
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Saeidi, Saeideh. "Managing binge eating in a primary health care setting : a preventative approach." Thesis, Leeds Beckett University, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340557.
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Paoletti, Andrew Michael. "DELAYED OR MISSING PREVENTATIVE CARE AND PROBLEMS GETTING SPECIALIST CARE IN CHILDREN WITH MENTAL HEALTH DISORDERS." Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/440758.
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EpidemiologyM.S.
Purpose/hypothesis: The purpose of this study was to use the National Survey of Children's Health 2011/2012 (NSCH 2011/12) data set to determine if children with diagnosed mental health disorders (MHD) (depression and/or anxiety) have delayed or missed preventative healthcare services (medical, dental, vision care), and if their parents reported difficulty getting them the care they need at a different rate than children without MHD. Population of interest: Children (0-18 years of age) and their guardians who completed the survey were included in the analyses. Methods: For both hypotheses, we defined subject’s exposure (having MHD) and outcome (missed or delayed care/problem getting care) based on parental response to interview questions (N = 73,632,881). Covariates adjusted for in our models included child/parent demographics, insurance status, household employment, and DHHS poverty level. Both research questions were evaluated using multi-variable logistic regression (adjusted as necessary using the correct sampling methods as suggested by the NSCH). Results: The odds of having missing or delayed care for a child with MHD were 2.24 times higher (95% CI: 1.82-2.77) than a child without MHD. The odds of the parent reporting problems getting care for a child with MHD were 2.11 times higher (95% CI: 1.74-2.60) than a child without MHD. Clinical Relevance: These findings highlight a need to focus on finding ways to promote and provide all of the healthcare that a child needs. Children with MHD have many healthcare needs that other children may not, but they still need adequate preventative care. This may bring the specific needs of a population needing extra help to the attention of healthcare providers and outreach programs.
Temple University--Theses
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Kirkpatrick, Tara. "Just what the doctor ordered: reformation of the U.S. healthcare system through a dose of preventative and primary care." [Denver, Colo.] : Regis University, 2008. http://165.236.235.140/lib/TKirkpatrick2008.pdf.
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Chalmers, Karen I. "Preventative work with families in the community : a qualitative study of health visiting practice." Thesis, University of Manchester, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.303521.
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Whitney, Stuart Luhn. "THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SOCIAL SUPPORT AND ROLE STRAIN AND PREVENTATIVE HEALTH BEHAVIORS IN CRITICAL CARE NURSES." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/276557.
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The purpose of the research was to describe the relationships between social support and role strain and preventative health behaviors. The sample consisted of 62 critical care nurses employed in three southwest acute care facilities. Subjects completed instruments measuring social support, role strain, and four preventative health care behaviors. Pearson correlations revealed significant positive relationships between social support and personal/household roles women perform and ways women handle stress. Additional significant negative relationships existed between marital/relationship roles women perform and leisure physical activities, a subset of preventative health behaviors. The parental roles, obligations, and responsibilities women perform were also significantly related with leisure physical activities. Conclusions drawn indicate that the critical care nurses did not perceive themselves susceptible to cardiovascular disease and therefore did not participate in preventative health care activities, regardless of perceived helpful social support and an absence of role strain.
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Richardson, Joseph, and Amanda Stoltz. "Improving Resident Physician Understanding of Requirements for Well Child Examinations in an East Tennessee Family Medicine Primary Care Clinic." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/asrf/2021/presentations/25.
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Well-Child Examinations are an integral part of monitoring growth and development for children. These visits allow for establishment of a therapeutic relationship between patient and caregiver, and provide opportunities to screen for underlying conditions while simultaneously following growth and development milestones. Well-child examinations provide opportunities for parents to voice concerns and help to identify those children at risk for delays or underlying medical conditions. When these conditions are identified early, they tend to have an improvement of outcomes. Since the core items to be included in wellness examinations vary by age, insurance provider, and risk factors, our aim is to measure and improve the knowledge and comprehension of examination components among a group of Family Medicine resident physicians that provide primary care to a pediatric population. Provider knowledge and understanding was measured by means of a set of multiple-choice questions prior to an educational session. A post-educational examination was then administered to assess recruitment and retention of information. There appeared to be an overall positive trend toward increased knowledge base following the education session, indicating and improvement of understanding and medical knowledge.
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Tang, Pui-kwan, and 鄧佩君. "Voice problems of secondary school teachers and the need for preventative education." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10722/206591.
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Voice problems are common among teachers due to their job characteristics. Thus, the quality of teaching, daily communication, emotion would be adversely affected. However, the past studies mainly focused on primary school and preschool teachers. There is lack of investigation on voice problems of secondary school teachers. Moreover, the need for voice use training for secondary school teachers was not addressed in the past.
This study investigated the prevalence of voice problems in secondary school teachers in Hong Kong and the need for preventive education. A questionnaire was decided with domains in demographics, job natures, impact on voice disorders, risk factors, history of seeking help because of voice problems, view on different treatment options and opinion towards the need of voice protection training. Subjects were recruited from four local secondary schools in Hong Kong.
85 questionnaires were collected and analyzed. The results showed a high prevalence of voice disorders (75%) among secondary school teachers. Also it revealed different levels of impact on work performance, emotion and daily communication. Laryngitis was the only risk factor found to be significantly correlated with the voice disorder. On the other hand, the rate of seeking professional help and their knowledge about voice rehabilitation were low. Most of the respondents realized the need for voice protection training. It suggested that the voice problems of secondary school teachers should be highlighted and more voice protection information and voice training should be provided.published_or_final_version
Surgery
Master
Master of Medical Sciences
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Lebrun, Lydie Anne. "Access to primary and preventative health care among foreign-born adults in Canada and the United States." THE JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY, 2012. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3463581.
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Snyders, Frans Johannes. "Determining the feasibility of using mobile phones to strengthen the information management of preventative health care in South Africa." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85564.
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Thesis (MEng)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: South Africa’s health sector has not yet shown enough improvement to reach the Millennium Development Goals related to health. One of the problem areas is the low infant and child vaccination coverage in certain areas of South Africa. The use of mobile phones in health care (mHealth) has the potential to strengthen the primary health care system through improved information management. A mobile health solution for vaccination (MHSV) can be used to improve information management of vaccinations, which in turn can improve vaccination coverage. However, the feasibility of implementing such an MHSV in the South African context is unknown. This study therefore investigates the feasibility of using mobile phones to improve information management for child vaccinations in South Africa. Feasibility is determined by using a feasibility framework together with business model development. The feasibility framework, which is informed by a literature study, surveys and a case study, determines the feasibility of an MHSV in terms of human factors, technical feasibility, information management, policies and ethics, and economics. It is found that an MHSV is feasible in South Africa, although certain areas pose challenges that will have to be considered. Complementing the feasibility framework, business models are developed to suggest possible ways in which an MHSV can be deployed in South Africa. These models build on the results from the feasibility framework and are developed using Osterwalder’s business model canvas. The effect of the National Health Insurance (NHI) on these business models is also examined. In order to validate the feasibility framework and business models, interviews were held with experts in health care and mobile phone solutions. These interviews show that the research is valid and that the feasibility framework and business models can be generalised to the wider field of mHealth solutions.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Suid-Afrika se gesondheidsektor het nog nie genoeg verbetering getoon om die gesondheidsverwante Millenium Ontwikkelingsdoelwitte te bereik nie. Een van die probleemareas is die besondere lae inentingsdekking van babas en kinders in sekere gebiede van Suid-Afrika. Die gebruik van selfone vir gesondheidsorg hou die potensiaal in om die primêre gesondheidsorgstelsel te versterk deur inligtingsbestuur te verbeter. ’n Inentingsoplossing wat gebruik maak van selfone, bekend as ‘n “mobile health solution for vaccination” (MHSV), kan inligtingsbestuur van inentings verbeter, wat hoër inentingsdekking tot gevolg kan hê. Die haalbaarheid van die implementering van so ’n MHSV in die konteks van Suid-Afrika is egter onbekend. Hierdie studie ondersoek dus die haalbaarheid daarvan om selfone te gebruik vir beter inligtingsbestuur van kinder-inenting in Suid-Afrika. Haalbaarheid word vasgestel deur ’n haalbaarheidsraamwerk en die ontwikkeling van besigheidsmodelle te gebruik. Die haalbaarheidsraamwerk, wat toegelig word deur ’n literatuurstudie, vraelyste en ’n gevallestudie, bepaal die haalbaarheid van ’n MHSV in terme van menslike faktore, tegniese haalbaarheid, inligtingbestuur, beleid en etiek, en ekonomie. Daar word gevind dat ’n MHSV haalbaar is in Suid-Afrika, alhoewel sekere areas uitdagings inhou. Die haalbaarheidsraamwerk word aangevul deur die ontwikkeling van besigheidsmodelle wat moontlike maniere voorstel waarop ’n MHSV in Suid-Afrika ontplooi kan word. Hierdie modelle word geskoei op die resultate van die haalbaarheidsraamwerk en word ontwikkel met behulp van Osterwalder se besigheidsmodelskema (“business model canvas”). Die effek van die nasionale gesondheidversekering op hierdie modelle word ook ondersoek. Onderhoude met kundiges in die veld van selfoonoplossings vir gesondheidsorg word gebruik om die haalbaarheidsraamwerk en die besigheidsmodelle te valideer. Die onderhoude toon dat die navorsing geldig is en dat die haalbaarheidsraamwerk en besigheidsmodelle veralgemeen kan word na die wyer veld van selfoonoplossings vir gesondheidsorg.
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Parrish, Tamara Ann. "Meaningful Use of Electronic Medical Recording to Improve Diabetic Treatment Compliance of American Diabetic Association Treatment Standards." ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/329.
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Diabetes affects approximately 10% of the American population with an annual expenditure of approximately $174 billion dollars. The utilization of electronic medical records (EMR) combined with the meaningful use (MU) initiative may ensure that diabetic patients receive the recommended preventative care. Dorthea Orem's self-care deficit theory and the transtheoretical model of behavior change was utilized to design this quality improvement project. Medical professionals at a small private practice received education on American Diabetic Association (ADA) treatment standards and how to use the EMR system to track patients receiving the recommended diabetes care. The project question examined the effectiveness of provider education on improving ADA treatment standards and on using the EMR system to adhere to MU objectives of providing diabetic preventative care measures of annual dilated eye examinations, annual microalbumin levels, and annual microfilament foot examinations. A convenience sample of 3 providers and 309 patients was used and data were collected on Excel spreadsheets pre and post intervention through the Crystal Reports system to assess the percent improvement in the rates of preventative care. An impact evaluation revealed that the project achieved its objectives showing a 5.07% increase in diabetic preventative care. The program evaluation determined that the project is worth sustaining in the clinical setting as it provides a practical and economical way of improving diabetic patient care. This improvement project suggests that MU and adherence to ADA treatment standards has the potential to make a positive social change through increasing the amount of diabetic patients receiving preventative care.
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Didier, Elizabeth. "Being Prepared for Show Livestock Injuries and Illnesses." College of Agriculture and Life Sciences, University of Arizona (Tucson, AZ), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/144742.
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5 pp.Arizona youth livestock quality assurance and food safety: Trainers reference. Arizona youth livestock quality assurance and food safety: Youth manual. Feeding management for show lambs. Feeding management for show steers. Swine nutrition for show animals.
Illness or injury to a show animal may be preventable by following a few guidelines. Providing a clean and safe environment and properly feeding, watering, and vaccinating animals will help to reduce the risks of experiencing illnesses and injuries. Owners should also learn how to identify signs of health problems, such as sudden changes in behavior or appearance, and prepare a first aid kit for use in the event of an emergency. Also, being familiar with emergency treatment guidelines will help owners protect themselves, prevent further injury to the animal, and properly administer care to the animal if appropriate.
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Gardiner, Kelly L. "Barriers to Colorectal Cancer Screening in People Obtaining Care From Community Mental Health Agencies." ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/2653.
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Barriers to Colorectal Cancer Screening in People Obtaining Care
From Community Mental Health Agencies
by
Kelly Gardiner
MSN, Wayne State University, 1997
BSN, Wayne State University, 1988
Dissertation Submitted in Fulfillment
of the Requirements for the Degree of
Doctor of Philosophy
Public Health
Walden University
August 2016
Despite being highly treatable with early intervention and preventative screenings, the overall mortality rate of colorectal cancer is substantially higher in participants with a preexisting mental disorder. Variables affecting the likelihood of completing screening for those with mental illnesses were unknown in people who obtain services from a Community Mental Health agency. Using the Health Belief Model, the proposed study investigated the effects of access to transportation, referral to screening, physical ability to complete the colonoscopy prep, type of procedure, awareness of the purpose of screening, anxiety, embarrassment, gender, race, and age to determine which affect completion of colorectal cancer screening. Significant relationships existed between embarrassment, fear of pain, fear of cancer, anxiety, physical ability to do testing, awareness of screening at age 50, FOBT vs Scope procedures, age of first screening, being told to get screening, knowing someone who had screening, and completion of colorectal cancer screening. In the binary logistic model Anxiety was negatively correlated and being told to get screening was positively correlated to completion of colorectal cancer screening and those choosing Scope were more likely to complete than those choosing FOBT. The results of this study may effect positive social change by providing healthcare providers with an increased understanding of variables that influence colorectal cancer screening completion among persons with a diagnosed mental illness, resulting in a changing agenda for effective mental and physical health care in this population.
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Fornstedt, Cecilia. "Medical Technology and eHealth for Prevention against LifestyleRelated Diseases : A survey of attitudes among health center personnel and patients prescribed with physical activity on prescription (PAP)." Thesis, KTH, Människa och Kommunikation, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-210310.
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With an aging population that suffers from comorbidity, healthcare is facing grand challenges. In order to meet the demand, digitalization is thought to be an opportunity. Digitalization of curative care, such as diagnostics and treatment, have been initiated and is today used and appreciated. Preventative care, on the other hand, has not been included in the digital adaptions to the same extent and there are few scientific studies within the area. Nonetheless, a further proactive care that meets patients and healthcare personnel are of interest to several actors. The Swedish Government has a vision that Sweden, in 2025, will be world leading within eHealth. For that to be possible, digital preventative care have to support and complete the preventative work that is performed today. The present study has investigated the attitude towards Connected Medical Devices for Prevention (CMDfP) within the primary care. By a mixed-methodology including questionnaires, the opinions of 24 health center personnel and 17 patients prescribed with Physical Activity on Prescription (PAP) were collected and analyzed. The results show that health center personnel are willing to prescribe connected eHealth devices for prevention and patients are willing to use the devices prescribed. Additionally, among the respondents there is a belief that CMDfP could facilitate in order to increase the adherence to PAP without any major impact on the personnel's workload. By digitalizing preventative care, it is possible that people will be able to live healthier and therefore not require care to the same extent as today. Reasons to the possible results are that digital tools within curative care have been shown to generate positive outcomes to chronically ill patients that utilize home care. Additionally, studies of preventative care have generated positive outcomes to the health of the population in several countries. It is therefore likely that the combination, digital preventative care, would be rapidly relished. These thoughts align with the positive results on attitudes of this study. Before CMDfP could be prescribed to patients, pilot studies have to be performed and new work routines including reimbursement models, have to be established within healthcare. These are all areas of future work within medical engineering.Med en åldrande population som lider av samsjuklighet, står hälso- och sjukvården inför stora utmaningar. För att möta behovet är digitalisering en möjlighet. Digitalisering av åtgärdande vård, så som diagnostik och behandling, har redan påbörjats och är idag uppskattat. Preventiv vård har, å andra sidan, inte varit inkluderad i den digitala utvecklingen och därav saknas det vetenskapliga studier inom området. Dock är en mer proaktiv vård av stort intresse för flera aktörer. Sveriges regering har en vision att Sverige, år 2025, ska vara världsledande inom eHälsa. För att detta ska vara möjligt måste digital preventiv vård möta och komplettera det preventiva arbete som bedrivs idag. Denna studie har undersökt attityderna till Uppkopplade Medicinsktekniska Hjälpmedel för Prevention (UMHfP) bland primärvården. Genom en metod som inkluderat enkätundersökningar, inhämtades och analyserades attityden av 24 personer från personalen på vårdcentraler och 17 patienter med Fysisk Aktivitet på Recept (FaR). Resultaten visade att primärvårdspersonal är villiga att förskriva UMHfP och att patienter vill använda de hjälpmedlen som förskrivs. Dessutom har respondenterna tro att UMHfP kan underlätta att förbättra följsamheten till FaR utan att påverka personalens arbetsbörda nämnvärt. Genom att digitalisera den preventiva vården är det troligt att befolkningen kommer få ett hälsosammare leverne och därför inte behöva vård i samma utsträckning som idag. En anledning till detta är att digitala hjälpmedel för åtgärdande vård har visat sig vara positivt för kroniskt sjuka patienter som hemsjukvårdas. Dessutom har studier inom preventiv vård indikerat flera positiva konsekvenser för invånares hälsa världen över. Det är därför troligt att digitala hjälpmedel i kombination med preventivt arbete snabbt kommer bli uppskattat. Dessa spekulationer sammanfaller väl med det positiva resultatet från denna studie. Innan UMHfP kan förskrivas till patienter måste pilotstudier genomföras och nya arbetssätt inklusive betalningsmodeller måste införas i hälso- och sjukvården. Detta är kommande arbeten inom medicinsk teknik.
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Tucker, Faye Bronwyn. "An assessment of the Isoniazid preventative therapy programme for children in a busy primary healthcare clinic in Nelson Mandela Bay, Eastern Cape Province." Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15737.
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Introduction: Tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death from an infectious cause worldwide having claimed approximately 1.5 million lives in 2013. Estimates suggest that children account for about six percent of the total number of TB cases globally, however in South Africa this figure is much higher (15%). Young children are at particularly high risk of mortality and significant morbidity from TB. Despite clear evidence that Isoniazid preventative therapy (IPT) can reduce the risk of progression from TB infection to disease, IPT has been a poorly implemented component of national TB control programmes, especially in high TB-burden areas, including South Africa. This study aims to determine current practices regarding the identification and management of child contacts < 5 years in an area with an extremely high TB incidence rate where little background data exists on the topic. It will also assess the operational aspects of the TB control programme relating to the spread of TB to children. Methodology: A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted using a retrospective review of clinic records from infectious index patients aged ≥15 years at West End clinic in the Nelson Mandela Bay health district in the Eastern Cape Province. A sample size of 246 child contacts (<5 years) was required to obtain a 95% confidence index with a 5% precision. This is based on 20% of eligible child contacts < 5years receiving IPT, as described by van Wyk, et al. (2010). 491 Index patient records were assessed in order to identify 261 child contacts < 5 years of age. Results: Contacts were generally well recorded with only 12.5% of index patient folders having no contacts documented although only 0.53 child contacts <5years were identified per index patient. A total of 261 child contacts < 5 years were identified and of these 184 (70.5%) were screened for TB. Two contacts were started on TB treatment and 108/184 (58.7%) were initiated on TB prevention therapy. For the remaining 74 (40.2%) children who were screened there was no documentation of further management. Adherence to IPT was extremely poor with only 4 (3.7%) children who started TB prevention completing the 24 week course. Female index patients were more likely to have contacts documented and to bring their contacts for screening. Contacts of index 16 patients who had previous TB were less likely to be screened and initiated on TB prevention therapy. The results of the assessment of programmatic factors relating to childhood TB control showed that patients were diagnosed and were rapidly initiated on treatment (median time of 5 days from sputum collection to commencement of treatment). It took a median of 4 days for children to be screened once the index patient had started treatment and a further 2 days (median) for child contacts < 5 years to be initiated on preventative therapy. Conclusion and recommendations: The results of this study are in keeping with those obtained in other settings with a high burden of TB. Although the documentation of contacts in this setting was relatively good, child contacts < 5 years were poorly identified and the fall-out of children at each step from identification to preventative treatment completion was still unacceptably high. Contacts of men and retreatment index patients are at particularly high risk of poor management. Recommendations are made for interventions at national and local level to improve contact management and the documentation thereof.
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Anderson, Michael. "CommonRoots Health Centre." 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10222/14596.
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A shift in medical paradigm, from a focus on curing disease to a focus on preventing it, demands a totally new type of medical infrastructure. Through an analysis of the preventative paradigm, two key architectural implications of disease prevention are revealed: the need to reach out to the healthy population; and the system nature of preventative care, which links seemingly unrelated lifestyle factors to health.
The site of the former Queen Elizabeth High School, on the Halifax peninsula in Halifax, Canada, is chosen as the site to explore the programmatic and spatial implications of preventative care. Through attention to the concepts of habitat and flow, a design is created which blurs the boundaries between building and landscape, between diverse programs, and between patient and passer-by.
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Yablochnikov, Mark. "The importance of preventative care in oral health promotion." Thesis, 2017. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/23673.
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This thesis aims to examine the current state of oral health promotion with respect to fluoridation, the impact that the lack of dental care has financially on the patient and the overall health system and a discussion of alternative options that could help to improve the current state of oral health care.
While acknowledging research and official reports that indicate dental caries as the most prevalent preventable health condition in the lives of children, this thesis is a literature review studying the positive and negative effects of systemic and topical fluoride on both adults and children. Exploring differing perspectives of fluoridation's benefits and efficacy as a preventative oral health care measure, including community water fluoridation and topical fluoride application, this thesis will examine its effects on dental caries nationally and internationally. Although the prevalence of caries has decreased, to date, no systematic reviews have addressed adequately the disparities between incidence, severity, and recurrence of dental caries especially between children and adults. Likewise, substantial research has not yet adequately addressed the differences found in children that may make them more susceptible than adults to over fluoridation through a combination of systemic, topical fluoridation and water consumption.
The literature review also includes the breakdown of costs and cost-effectiveness of dental care, including factors that increase cost, as well as suggestions to shift towards an emphasis on preventative care in attempt to reduce overall costs. Improving access to care especially to the underinsured is discussed. Furthermore, a review of the dental therapist occupation utilized successfully in other countries is discussed as this could be a viable solution for the shortage of dental professionals in areas with minimal access of care here in the United States. This is turn may reduce the number of disparities in oral health care, by reducing the severity of oral health disorders that result from an increased delay or neglect in treating the onset of dental caries from a preventative perspective. The primary measure of impact reported in several studies reviewed was the reduction in advanced care restorations, including surgery, needed with increased preventative care measures.
Evidence of the effectiveness of preventative oral health care including systemic and topical fluoridation implementation and city-specific school-wide initiatives to administer dental sealants for children covered by government-sponsored programs are growing. Moving forward towards a more prevention-based system with early detection and better access for all, these changes should help lead to increased oral health initiatives and improved oral and healthcare overall.
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Constantine, Sarah Christine. "The Utilisation of Craniomaxillofacial Radiology in Preventative Medicine." Thesis, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2440/123095.
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This thesis discusses the importance of the maximal utilisation of dental, maxillofacial and antenatal craniofacial imaging in preventative healthcare. Many craniomaxillofacial imaging techniques can provide added diagnostic information which assist in the diagnosis of conditions other than those that the study was performed to investigate. The first publication describes use of panoramic dental radiographs in the assessment of stroke risk in the individual patient. The second publication discusses the uses and limitations of panoramic dental radiographs in the evaluation of maxillary sinus disease. The final three articles establish the normal fetal cephalic index, and its value in the antenatal detection of sagittal craniosynostosis. The results of these studies will assist dental and medical professionals in the appropriate investigation and management of patients with carotid artery calcification detected incidentally on orthopantomograms, and the selection of the most suitable imaging studies to evaluate the maxillary sinuses. The antenatal diagnosis of sagittal craniosynostosis can provide valuable information to the expectant mother and her obstetrician with regards to delivery options and choices where there is an increased risk of obstructed labour that could injure mother, child or both. The full utilisation of these imaging studies will provide an increased clinical benefit to the patient and referrer, and can benefit the population as a whole by assisting with preserving the health of the community and managing spiralling healthcare costs. Craniomaxillofacial Radiology Declaration Declaration I, Sarah Christine Constantine, certify that this work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in my name, in any university or other tertiary institution and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. In addition, I certify that no part of this work will, in the future, be used in a submission in my name, for any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution without the prior approval of the University of Adelaide and where applicable, any partner institution responsible for the joint-award of this degree. I acknowledge that copyright of published works contained within this thesis resides with the copyright holder(s) of those works. I also give permission for the digital version of my thesis to be made available on the web, via the University’s digital research repository, the Library Search and also through web search engines, unless permission has been granted by the University to restrict access for a period of time. I acknowledge the support I have received for my research through the provision of an Australian Government Research Training Program Scholarship.Thesis (Ph.D.) -- University of Adelaide, Adelaide Dental School, 2019
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(9810728), Morwenna Kirwan. "Developing and evaluating smartphone applications to improve health behaviours and chronic disease self-management." Thesis, 2012. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Developing_and_evaluating_smartphone_applications_to_improve_health_behaviours_and_chronic_disease_self-management/13461242.
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"The overall purpose of this research was to design, develop and evaluate the effectiveness of smartphone applications to improve health behavours in primary and secondary prevention. The first study comprised the design, development and formative evaluation of a smartphone application 'iStepLog' designed for the iPhone (Apple) platform, developed as an adjunct delivery tool for an online physical activity health promotion program ... The second study in this research tested the iStepLog applicationin a real-world setting ... The third study tested if integrating a smartphone application into secondary care improved health outcomes; in this instance adults self-managing type 1 diabetes ... The combined results of these studies highlight the potential and effectiveness of smartphone applications to improve self-care and/or health behaviours, both in the general population (primary prevention) and those managing a chronic disease (secondary prevention)."--Abstract.
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(9802865), Melanie Hayman. "Fit4Two: Investigating physical activity promotion among pregnant women in an Australian regional setting." Thesis, 2016. https://figshare.com/articles/thesis/Fit4Two_Investigating_physical_activity_promotion_among_pregnant_women_in_an_Australian_regional_setting/13443188.
Full textAbstract:
Participation in regular physical activity (PA) during pregnancy is associated with a variety of health benefits for both the mother, and her unborn child. Despite these benefits, limited research suggests that very few pregnant women in Australia are meeting current exercise during pregnancy guidelines. Additionally, the majority of the research that has been undertaken examining exercise behaviours of Australian pregnant women has been conducted in metropolitan and urban areas. Thus, very little is known about the exercise behaviours of Australian pregnant women residing in rural, regional and remote regions.