Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pretoriani

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  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Academic literature on the topic 'Pretoriani'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 9 March 2023
Last updated: 10 March 2023

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Journal articles on the topic "Pretoriani"

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Panciera, Silvio. "Altri pretoriani a Roma : nuove iscrizioni e vecchie domande." Cahiers du Centre Gustave Glotz 15, no. 1 (2004): 281–316. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ccgg.2004.870.

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Latteri, Nicoletta. "La Statio dei pretoriani al III miglio dell’Appia Antica ed il loro sepolcreto «ad catacumbas»." Mélanges de l’École française de Rome. Antiquité 114, no. 2 (2002): 739–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/mefr.2002.9734.

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Grundy, Kenneth W. "Pax Pretoriana." Current History 84, no. 501 (April 1, 1985): 150–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/curh.1985.84.501.150.

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Whittall, Arnold, Stephanus Muller, Chris Walton, and Stefans Grové. "Pretorian Pieces." Musical Times 147, no. 1895 (July 1, 2006): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/25434392.

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Craig, K. J., and C. C. Van Waveren. "Simulating the Engineering Project Environment Using Cooperative Learning: A Second-Year Course Case Study." International Journal of Mechanical Engineering Education 25, no. 4 (October 1997): 290–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/030641909702500405.

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This paper discusses a case study in problem-based cooperative learning (CL) implemented as a group project in a second-year course at the University of Pretoria's Mechanical and Aeronautical Engineering Department. The group project is designed using the guidelines of CL to integrate the course content in one project, to simulate the real-world engineering environment, and to promote teamwork skills. The design of the project is discussed with detail on the problem definition and selection, scheduling, assignments, group selection and member responsibilities. The practical implementation of the project is discussed with tips on how to achieve this effectively. Results of the project are presented in the form of student marks and distributions, and student feedback. The project was successful in that the aims were achieved. The concepts will be implemented in other engineering courses at the University of Pretoria.
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Rogerson, Christian M., and Jayne M. Rogerson. "The Making of Capital City Tourism in South Africa." Tourism Review International 26, no. 1 (February 14, 2022): 9–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.3727/154427221x16245632411863.

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Capital city tourism is a significant theme for urban tourism scholarship. Existing international research on capital city tourism mainly concentrates on the global North. For the global South as a whole limited research examines capital cities as tourism destinations and for sub-Saharan Africa scholarship is minimal. This study contributes to the small body of writings that interrogate capital city tourism in the global South. Further, it marks a departure from the mainstream research focus on contemporary issues of capital city tourism by adopting an historical perspective on capital city tourism. Using a range of archival and documentary sources the analysis highlights the making of South Africa's capital city as a tourism destination. Under scrutiny is the historical evolution and changing character of tourism in Pretoria over a period of a half century from 1920 to 1975. It is shown that the distinctiveness of Pretoria's early tourism products were a reflection of its capital status. Definition of the tourism product base and its promotion were facilitated by the activities undertaken by national government promotion and the local Pretoria Publicity Association. An historical challenge for tourism development was the poor quality of local hotels, which were at a standard below international norms until at least the late 1960s. The difficulties of the accommodation services sector were compounded by the enactment of apartheid legislation from 1948 onwards, which required the existence of hotels as racialized and segregated spaces.
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Broodryk, Chris. "A particularly Pretorian political economy: Phoenix Films’ Pretorian cinematic imaginary." Journal of African Cinemas 10, no. 1 (April 1, 2018): 131–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jac.10.1-2.131_1.

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Ceñal Martínez, Héctor. "Uso del arco en las cohortes pretorianas." Gladius 31 (December 30, 2011): 77–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.3989/gladius.2011.0004.

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Evans, Richard. "Classical Names in Pretoria ‘Praestantia Praevaleat Pretoria’." Language Matters 32, no. 1 (January 2001): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/10228190108566175.

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Ramaswamy, Sushila. "Escape From Pretoria." India Quarterly: A Journal of International Affairs 48, no. 4 (July 1992): 94–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/097492849204800413.

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Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pretoriani"

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CASTAGNINO, FRANCESCO. "I MILITES E I VETERANI: CONDIZIONE GIURIDICA E PRIVILEGI NELL'ETA' DEL PRINCIPATO." Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2434/621248.

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Questa tesi si propone di affrontare alcune specifiche questioni riguardanti il ius militare, ovvero quello specifico ius singulare, che, a partire da Augusto, disciplinò le esistenze dei soldati e dei veterani dell’esercito romano. Nello specifico, l’indagine si concentra unicamente sulle norme regolanti la condizione di milites e veterani nell’età del Principato. La ricerca si divide in quattro parti. Nella prima si propone una breve descrizione della storia istituzionale dell’esercito, a partire dalla riforma di Caio Mario fino agli interventi di Augusto in ambito militare. Con riguardo alla riforma militare augustea ci si è soffermati, innanzitutto, sull’istituzione del servizio militare professionale e, in secondo luogo, sull’istituzione dei premi di congedo (i cosiddetti praemia militiae) e dell’aerarium militare (ovvero della cassa specificamente preposta al pagamento dei praemia). Nella seconda parte si prendono in esame le norme che disciplinavano il procedimento di reclutamento e le condizioni di accesso ai differenti corpi dell’esercito, vale a dire le legioni, le truppe ausiliarie, le coorti pretorie e urbane, le coorti dei vigiles, gli equites singulares Augusti e le flotte pretorie e provinciali. Oltre ai requisiti fisici e a quelli giuridici, previsti per accedere a tali corpi, si è approfondito lo studio dello status civitatis attribuito ai milites di alcuni reparti (segnatamente i classiarii delle flotte pretorie e gli equites singulares Augusti), al momento della loro iscrizione nei ranghi dell’unità. La terza parte approfondisce un tema molto controverso, quello del divieto di matrimonio dei militari. Dopo un’analisi approfondita delle differenti opinioni formulate su questo problema, la mia tesi si rivolge ad alcuni nodi mai sciolti dagli studiosi, chiarendo che esso, certamente introdotto prima di Claudio, fu revocato soltanto da Settimio Severo nel 197. L’indagine ha poi affrontato due questioni tra loro connesse: da un canto la natura giuridica delle unioni che i soldati intrattenevano con le donne conosciute durante la ferma, dall’altro la condizione dei figli concepiti in tali relazioni. Quanto a quest’ultimo aspetto mi sono soffermato in particolar modo sui contenuti della nota epistula di Adriano a Ramnius Martialis, la quale concesse ai figli dei soldati di alcuni reparti (in particolare a quelli dei legionari) la bonorum possessio unde cognati. Nella quarta e ultima parte si affronta il tema dei privilegi concessi con il congedo ai veterani e alle loro famiglie. L’indagine si incentra sull’esame dei formulari dei diplomata militaria, ovvero di quei documenti consegnati, al momento dell’honesta missio (congedo onorevole), agli auxiliares, ai classiarii delle flotte pretorie e provinciali, ai pretoriani, agli urbaniciani e agli equites singulares Augusti. L’esame del loro formulario ha permesso di definire la specifica condizione giuridica dei veterani di questi differenti reparti dell’esercito. Lo studio dei diplomata propone, inoltre, altre spinose questioni: occorre comprendere, in primo luogo, perché essi, salvo alcuni casi eccezionali, non furono mai consegnati ai veterani delle iustae legiones. La tesi si chiude con un’indagine sulla natura giuridica delle cosiddette leges veteranorum, vale a dire quelle constitutiones poste a fondamento del rilascio dei singoli diplomi. A tal riguardo l’indagine tenta di individuare le ragioni per le quali le leges veteranorum concernenti gli ausiliari, i classiarii e gli equites singulares Augusti, si differenziavano, anche sul piano diplomatico, da quelle dei pretoriani e degli urbaniciani.
This dissertation aims to deal with some particular questions about ius militare, namely the specific ius singulare, which regulated the condition of Roman soldiers and veterans from the age of Augustus. In particular, the study focuses solely on the rules regulating the condition of milites and veterans in the period of the Roman Principate. The research is divided into four parts. In the first part there is a short description of the institutional history of the Roman army, from the reform of Caius Marius up to the interventions of Augustus in military affairs. With regard to the Augustan military reform, I have concentrated first on the creation of the professional military service and, secondly, on the foundation of the awards of discharge (the so-called praemia militiae) and of the aerarium militare (namely the treasury that would specifically finance the praemia). In the second part, I examine the rules pertaining to the procedure of recruitment and the conditions of access to the different units of the Roman army, namely the legions, the auxiliary units, the Praetorian Guard, the urban cohorts, the vigiles, the equites singulares Augusti, and the praetorian and provincial classes. In addition to the physical and legal requirements, necessary for access to these units, I examine in depth the status civitatis that was conferred to the milites of some units (in particular the classiarii of praetorian classes and the equites singulares Augusti), at the moment of their enrolment in the military. The third part examines a very controversial issue, namely the marriage ban for the soldiers. Following a detailed examination of the different opinions on this question, my dissertation investigates some complex issues which are still to be resolved, clarifying that the ban, certainly introduced befor Claudius, was withdrawn only by Septimius Severus in 197 AD. Furthermore, the research deals with two other related matters: namely, the legal status of the relationships maintained by the soldiers with the women that they met during the service, and, the condition of the children conceived in these relationships. As far as the latter is concerned, I particularly concentrate on the content of the well-known epistula of Hadrian to Ramnius Martialis, which conferred to the children of some milites (in particular those of the legionaries) the bonorum possessio unde cognati. In the fourth and last part, I examine the issue of the privileges conferred to the veterans and their families upon discharge. The research focuses on the analysis of the formularies of diplomata militaria, namely the documents delivered upon the honesta missio (the honorable discharge) to the auxiliares, to the classiarii of the praetorian and provincial fleet, to the praetorians, to the urbaniciani and to the equites singulares Augusti. The examination of their formularies has allowed us to clarify the specific legal condition of the veterans from these different military units. Furthermore, the study on diplomata proposes other thorny questions: firstly it must be understood why they, apart from some exceptional cases, were never delivered to the veterans of iustae legiones. The dissertation ends with a research on the legal nature of the so-called leges veteranorum, namely the constitutiones on the basis of the delivery of each diploma. In this regard, the study attempts to identify the reason why the leges veteranorum concerning the auxiliaries, the classiarii, and the equites singulares Augusti, are different from those of the praetorians and of the urbaniciani, also as regards their diplomatic structure.
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Van, Wyk P. L. (Petrus Lodewickus). "Die wagte van Pretoria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30048.

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Pretoria was a fortified city during the First- (1880-1881) and Second Anglo Boer War (1899-1902). In total, about 65 fortifications were constructed in and around Pretoria. Only 24 of the original 65 stronghold’s locations are known. An urban trail is proposed to illustrate the connections that existed between these fortifications. The distortion of heritage by the contemporary landscape of Pretoria are investigated by a overnight facility design at the Eastern Redoubt on Strubenkop, Lynnwood. The route provides a practical solution to use these derelict structures in a contemporary way which will stimulate the protection and further investigation of Pretoria’s fortifications. The overnight facility, together with the other similar facilities on the known fortifications, guides the present-day fort user through the streets of Pretoria to communicate the current and historic landscape.
Pretoria was ‘n gefortifiseerde stad gedurende die Eerste- (1880-1881) en Tweede Anglo Boereoorlog (1899- 1902). In totaal was daar sowat 65 fortifikasies in en rondom Pretoria opgerig. Die ligging van slegs 24 van die oorspronklike 65 vestings van Pretoria is bekend. Om die verbinding wat tussen die fortifikasies bestaan te illustreer, word ‘n voetslaanroete tussen die vestings voorgestel. Die verwringing van dié erfenis deur die kontemporêre landskap van Pretoria word ondersoek deur ‘n oornagfasiliteit by die Eastern Redoubt op Strubenkop, Lynnwood te ontwerp. Die roete verskaf ‘n praktiese oplossing om die fortifikasies op ‘n kontemporêre manier te gebruik wat die bewaring en verdere studie van die fortifikasies sal stimuleer. Die oornag fasiliteit, tesame met die ander fasiliteite wat op die oorblywende fortifikasies voorgestel word, neem die reisiger as ‘n hedendaagse gebruiker van die fortifikasies deur die landskap van Pretoria.
Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Architecture
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Van, Wyk Hendrik C. "Water Wise Centre, Prinshof - Pretoria." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2003. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-11242003-142554.

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De, Villiers Katerina Lucya. "The JH Pierneef collection of the City Council of Pretoria housed in the Pretoria Art Museum." Diss., University of Pretoria, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/27532.

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This study is based on the catalogue/checklist of Pierneef works in the Pretoria Art Museum collection. The artist’s life, social, political and artistic influences of the period, both local and international, may be deduced from works analysed and discussed. The Arts and Crafts movement was a powerful influence affecting ideas on national identity, folk art and the vernacular from the middle of the nineteenth century onwards. A world-wide romantic nationalism stimulated a search for identity and exploitation of the indigenous. It is argued that these trends may be identified in the artistic development of Pierneef who, through friends, wide reading and intensive study was alive to European developments but focused on the indigenous arts of Southern Africa. He was the first South African artist to recognize Busman art and that of the black peoples. They had a profound influence on his own development and the motifs of his art.
Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 1997.
Historical and Heritage Studies
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Bio, Guene Djibril Gnaki Pauline. "Diplomatic translation at embassies in Pretoria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/65609.

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The role played by translation across the globe has been well established. Translation is very important to build bridges between people who do not share the same language, especially in international organisations. This descriptive research explores the need for translation at diplomatic missions such as embassies and high commissions in Pretoria. More specifically, this study describes the way in which translation is dealt with at embassies in Pretoria, the cl ients of diplomatic translation, the different categories of documents translated and the diplomatic missions' general translation needs. In order to reach these objectives, this study uses both primary and secondary data analysis. A critical analysis of a questionnaire completed by representatives of embassies and high commissions shows that there is a real need for translation at embassies in Pretoria, especially with regards to the services provided by sworn translators.
Mini Dissertation (MA)--University of Pretoria, 2018.
African Languages
MA
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Claassens, Mias. "Production beyond product : Pretoria West bio-diesel plant : Buitekant Street, Pretoria West Industrial area, City of Tshwane." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/23431.

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The aim of the dissertation is to investigate the role of Industrial architecture in facilitating emergent functions through adaptive re-use of discarded spaces that will demonstrate low energy architecture, energy production and social integration. The function of the production place in the city is to define production so that it will:
  • Emphasize the community over the individual
  • Stimulate production to steer away from the concept of being a linear process that is focused on the product, to that of a cyclical process that imitate the concept of an ecosystem
  • Work with existing energy
  • Establish emerging opportunities through connectivity between production process and the local urban fabric
The industrial intervention of the production place takes the form of a Bio-diesel plant that will be situated on the Pretoria West Power Station, in the Pretoria West Industrial area, west of the City of Tshwane Central Business District.
Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2010.
Architecture
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Liebenberg, Christiaan. "Game on : a youth centre in Pretoria." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/25391.

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The dissertation’s aim is to highlight the presence of young people in the Central Business District of Pretoria, Tshwane. The proposal aims to provide a facility to entertain the youth in the city while waiting for transport before or after school. An in depth analysis done on the Central Business District (CBD) of Pretoria revealed that there are currently 13 schools, as well as, several Further Education and Training Facilities (FET) in the CBD. These children and students form a huge sector of the population that is currently not catered for in term of entertainment. The project is located in the south eastern quadrant of the CBD, as this is where most of the schools and FET’s are located. The facility will comprise of various child and student based activities and facilities that they can engage in before and after class or school. These include indoor and outdoor activity spaces as well as commercial enterprises. All the facilities are arranged around a central courtyard space where unprogrammed activities may occur. The facility will also incorporate a small transportation node consisting of Taxi’s and Municipal busses. This will reduce the need for children to walk extensive distances between their after school activities and their modes of transportation. As the title ‘Game On’ suggests the dissertation aims to investigate games in both their architectural structure and narrative. Furthermore, the aim is to utilize the design principals and narrative found in games during the design process and using them to determine the hierarchal organization of spaces found at the centre. As in a game, design is a process that follows a narrative as determined by a set of rules and limitations. The imposed restrictions on the design may result in an unsuccessful attempt to overcome it. In games this phenomenon can be seen as reaching a level of difficulty. The player then needs to start over in order re-evaluate the situation or to gain the skills necessary for advancing to the next level. The process of design should be approached in a similar way. When a problem is reached the design should be re-evaluated and the necessary exploration should be done in order to solve to problem. Ultimately the process of design may be compared to the playing of a game, it has to adhere to rules and regulations and what is technically possible. The end product (architecture) can be engaging and may allow the user to interact with their surroundings like in a video game.
Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Architecture
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Zuvela, Dominik. "Pretoria city : a spatial field in tension." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/30298.

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Architecture is a representation of our society’s aspirations and of our social, economic and political paradigms. Since 1994, has the city of Pretoria been successfully represented? Does the city succeed architecturally in creating space that is democratic and that embraces our country’s diversity? The large influx of people within the city of Pretoria has created a terrain consisting of a series of contradictions and conflicts. These conflicts and contradictions within the city are a result of social, economic, spatial, physical and historical tensions that exist within society's social, economic and political paradigms. Physical and spatial reactions have occurred as a result of these tensions that exist within the city of Pretoria. This dissertation will explore these urban spaces that are in tension and investigate what opportunities and limitations such spaces offer the city of Pretoria. The objective is to consider what architectural intervention will arise from the resolution, synthesis or conflict of these tensions. Can these spaces that are in tension within the city foster a new post-apartheid way of city-making.
Dissertation (MArch(Prof))--University of Pretoria, 2011.
Architecture
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Roos, Jaco-Ben. "Stadsleer 'n skool in die Pretoria middestad /." Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-05282004-085111.

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Wright, Louis Gerhard. "Connectivity : an urban laundry in the Pretoria CBD." Diss., Pretoria :[s.n.], 2008. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-07302008-122514.

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Books on the topic "Pretoriani"

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I pretoriani: Soldati e cospiratori nel cuore di Roma. Roma: Salerno editrice, 2021.

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I pretoriani di Pace e libertà: Storie di guerra fredda in Italia. Roma: Editori riuniti, 2001.

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Castelli, Roberto. Storia di un militante: Appunti di uno dei "cento pretoriani" di Bossi. Missaglia (Lc) [i.e. Lecco, Italy]: Bellavite, 2013.

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I pretoriani di Mussolini: Storia militare delle Camicie nere, 1923-1943 : Milizia volontaria per la sicurezza nazionale. Roma: Chillemi, 2009.

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Crimi, Giorgio. I pretoriani di Roma nei primi due secoli dell'impero: Nuove proposte e vecchi problemi ottanta anni dopo Durry e Passerini. Roma: Sapienza Università editrice, 2021.

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I Celti della Valle del Po negli eserciti di Roma: Ausiliari, legionari, pretoriani dal II secolo a.C. al III secolo d.C. [Rimini]: Il cerchio, 2012.

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Msechu, Richard Henry. The Pretorian agenda. Dar es Salaam: Tanzania Pub. House, 1999.

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Correia, Pedro Pezarat. Centuriões ou pretorianos? Lisboa: O Jornal, 1988.

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Abrie, Swiegers, ed. Discover Pretoria. Hatfield, Pretoria: J.L. van Schaik, 1999.

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Correia, Pedro Pezarat. Centurio es ou pretorianos? Lisboa: O jornal, 1988.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pretoriani"

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Jaster, Robert Scott. "Pretoria’s Nuclear Diplomacy." In The Defence of White Power, 159–72. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19601-2_10.

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Müller, Peter. "Pretoria 1937–1948." In Sternwarten in Bildern, 170. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58082-6_61.

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Cabrita, João M. "The Pretoria Talks." In Mozambique, 226–31. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780333977385_42.

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Rwelamila, Pantaleo D. "Pretoria–Tshwane, South Africa." In The Future of the City Centre, 83–99. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003141198-8.

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Alden, Chris, and Jean-Pascal Daloz. "Introduction." In Paris, Pretoria and the African Continent, 1–5. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25066-0_1.

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Lambrechts, Kato. "South Africa and the Maghreb: Past, Present and Future." In Paris, Pretoria and the African Continent, 140–57. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25066-0_10.

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Guelke, Adrian. "Settlers and Natives: The Cases of South Africa and Algeria." In Paris, Pretoria and the African Continent, 158–69. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25066-0_11.

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Lory, Georges. "France’s Policy Towards South Africa During the Transitional Period." In Paris, Pretoria and the African Continent, 175–84. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25066-0_12.

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Crouzel, Ivan. "The Changing Image of South Africa in Fance." In Paris, Pretoria and the African Continent, 185–94. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25066-0_13.

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Nwokedi, Emeka. "France, the New World Order and the Francophone West African States: Towards a Reconceptualization of Privileged Relations." In Paris, Pretoria and the African Continent, 195–217. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-25066-0_14.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pretoriani"

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Cloete, Chris, Emmanuel Ofori, and Bouwer Kleynhans. "Computerized Maintenance Management Systems in Shopping Centres in Pretoria, South Africa." In The 4th Virtual International Conference on Advanced Research in Scientific Areas. Publishing Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18638/arsa.2015.4.1.783.

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Ndlovu, Hosana H., and Julius M. Ndambuki. "Effects of Land-use Change on Brooklyn Hydrology, Pretoria, South Africa." In Power and Energy Systems. Calgary,AB,Canada: ACTAPRESS, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2316/p.2012.762-023.

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Ardekani, Mohammad Moghimi, Ken Craig, and Josua Meyer. "Annual performance optimization of a linear Fresnel collector in Pretoria, South Africa." In SolarPACES 2017: International Conference on Concentrating Solar Power and Chemical Energy Systems. Author(s), 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5067081.

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Sovrlić, Milica. "FRAUS CREDITORUM U RIMSKOM PRAVU." In XV Majsko savetovanje: Sloboda pružanja usluga i pravna sigurnost. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Law, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.46793/xvmajsko.1091s.

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Fraus creditorum was a delict of Pretorian law. This delict existed when the borrower consciously reduced his assets to prevent creditors from collecting their claims. Uncontrolled creditors had at their disposal three procedural means to defraud the debtor's disposal. Initially, the interdictum frauditorum and restitutio in integrum ob fraudem, and later actio Pauliana, who consolidated the actions of the previous two procedural means and enabled the comprehensive protection of creditors. Protection of creditors from fraudulent proceedings of indebted debtors came to light only after the introduction of real execution. Until then, the applicable principle of personal execution was a sufficient guarantee to the creditors that the debtor would fulfill their obligations. The debtors, in order to avoid expulsion through Tibar or murder, were trying to fulfill their contractual obligations.
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Brandt, D., R. J. Durrheim, and W. U. Reimold. "Geophysical Signature Of The Pretoria Saltpan Impact Structure And A Possible Satellite Crater." In 3rd SAGA Biennial Conference and Exhibition. European Association of Geoscientists & Engineers, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.3997/2214-4609-pdb.224.006.

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Plessis, Gerhard Du, Edwin Kruger, and Alan Agaienz. "Challenges in Procurement, Design and Construction of the Erasmusrand Pedestrian Bridge." In Footbridge 2022 (Madrid): Creating Experience. Madrid, Spain: Asociación Española de Ingeniería Estructural, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24904/footbridge2022.061.

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<p>The new Erasmusrand Pedestrian bridge replaced the previously severely damaged pedestrian bridge spanning across the National Route N1 highway in Pretoria, South Africa, for the South African National Roads Agency SOC Ltd (SANRAL). The structure consists of a steel arch supporting a composite steel/concrete deck with inclined square hollow steel struts. The bridge spans 73m across a 10-lane dual carriageway freeway providing access to a local school from the suburbs. Several challenges were presented in the project with procurement, design and construction.</p>
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Lysko, Meena D., Uwe Feister, Derek Griffith, Steffen Gross, Lufuno Vhengani, Arshath Ramkilowan, and Dawn Mahlobo. "Spectrometer and radiative transfer model comparison using high sun in-situ observations in Pretoria." In RADIATION PROCESSES IN THE ATMOSPHERE AND OCEAN (IRS2012): Proceedings of the International Radiation Symposium (IRC/IAMAS). AIP, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4804822.

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Le Roux, W. G., T. Bello-Ochende, and J. P. Meyer. "Optimum Small-Scale Open and Direct Solar Thermal Brayton Cycle for Pretoria, South Africa." In ASME 2012 6th International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the ASME 2012 10th International Conference on Fuel Cell Science, Engineering and Technology. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2012-91135.

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The open and direct solar thermal Brayton cycle is exposed to various weather conditions like changing solar irradiation, wind and surrounding temperature. The geometries of the receiver and recuperator and the turbine operating point as parameter can be optimised in such a way that they accommodate these weather changes and allow for high net power output throughout a typical year. In this paper, a method of obtaining these parameters based on total entropy generation minimisation is presented. A parabolic dish concentrator with a diameter of 4.8 m is used as well as an off-the-shelf turbo-machine. Results show that the net absorbed power at the receiver and maximum allowed receiver surface temperature play important roles in determining the optimum operating point and maximum net power output.
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Masekela, Refiloe, Teshni Moodley, Omolemo P. Kitchin, Samuel M. Risenga, and Robin J. Green. "Epidemiologic Determinants Of Children With Human Immunodeficiency Virus-related Bronchiectasis In Pretoria, South Africa." In American Thoracic Society 2010 International Conference, May 14-19, 2010 • New Orleans. American Thoracic Society, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1164/ajrccm-conference.2010.181.1_meetingabstracts.a5198.

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du Toit, J. L. "Student preference for alternative modes of transport at the University of Pretoria, South Africa." In SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING 2013. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sdp130291.

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Reports on the topic "Pretoriani"

1

Kerfoot, H. United Nations Training Course in Toponymy, Pretoria, South Africa, September 20-30, 1993. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/298462.

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Kerfoot, H. United Nations Training Course in Toponymy, Pretoria, South Africa, June 29 - July/juillet 9, 1992. Natural Resources Canada/ESS/Scientific and Technical Publishing Services, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/298429.

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Klinkenberg, Eveline, M. Donnelly, and Philip McCall. Urban malaria in Africa: proceedings of a Technical Consultation on the Strategy for Assessment and Control of Urban Malaria, Pretoria, South Africa, 02-05 December 2004. International Water Management Institute (IWMI), 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.5337/2011.0028.

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