Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pression des roches – Massif central (France)'
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Benmammar, Anissa. "Comment expliquer la dualité thermique des subductions pré-orogéniques ? : Exemple du métamorphisme de haute-pression dans le Massif central français." Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulouse 3, 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021TOU30286.
Full textThrough a petrochronological study of high-pressure (HP) rocks, this thesis aims to improve the general understanding of variscan dynamics in the french Massif Central (FMC) by addressing different questions: i) Which units record HP metamorphism in the FMC? ii) What is the origin of the diversity in HP metamorphism in the FMC? iii) What is the age of HP metamorphism? iv) What is the number of subduction zones involved in FMC structuration. i) It is generally accepted that eclogites evidencing HP metamorphism in the FMC are localized in the Upper Gneiss Unit (UGU), a unit formed by migmatitic paragneisses containing retrogressed eclogites. However, pressure-temperature (P-T) investigations in the southern part of the massif (Najac-Laguépie units) evidenced a second HP unit. The presence of eclogitic micaschists (570°C, 16 kbar) containing lenses of fresh eclogites in the Najac massif has been attributed to the existence of an Intermediate Unit (IU) which have already been mentionned in the Limousin. The amphibolites of Laguépie that recorded granulitic conditions (710°C, 10 kbar) around 363 Ma have been associated with the UGU. Thus, it is proposed in this work that HP metamorphism in the MCF is localized in two distinct structural units. ii) The subdivision of eclogites in the MCF is based on temperatures of crystallization at the pressure peak. Hence, we distinguish HP/LT eclogites having crystallized below 700°C and HP/HT eclogites having crystallized above 700°C. In the Limousin, a P-T study comparing the two types of eclogites located in the two different tectono-metamorphic units (fresh eclogites of the IU and retrogressed eclogites of the UGU) shows different geothermal gradients at the pressure peak, about 7-8°C/ km for the IU and 8-12°C/ km for the UGU. The plurality in calculated gradients reflect different pressures for comparable temperatures (grossly between 650-700°C). The conditions of exhumation are significantly different between the two units: the IU eclogites characterize an exhumation supported by a decrease in temperature while the UGU eclogites show an exhumation at constant temperature or even with a slight heating. Thus, the diversity in HP metamorphism in the FMC can be mostly attributed to a contrasted post-eclogitic evolution more than to different crystallization temperatures at pressure peak. In comparison with Aegean dynamics, two different exhumation processes are proposed. The UGU eclogites would reflect an exhumation by accretion to the upper plate, driven by a slab roll-back mechanism. This mechanism explains the "hot" exhumation as suggested for some HP rocks of the Cyclades (Naxos). The eclogites of the IU would have been exhumed in the accretionary prism like the HP units of Crete. iii) The geochronological study of the two eclogites allowed to constrain U-Pb age for HP metamorphism by LA-ICP-MS on zircons at 377± 1 Ma in the UGU eclogites, and at 364 ± 3 Ma in the IU eclogites. These upper Devonian ages are younger than the Silurian-Devonian age attributed to the HP metamorphism in the FMC. Nevertheless, they are consistent with the recent studies acquired in the southern parts of the massif and the rest of the variscan belt. iv) Data obtained in this work does not support a Silurian to lower Devonian subduction zone as it was proposed by polycyclique geodynamic model explaining the variscan structuration of the FMC. Consequently, this thesis proposes a monocyclic geodynamic scenario, involving a single middle to upper Devonian subduction
Soufi, Mohamed. "Étude des magmatismes leucogranitique et ongonitique du blond (haut-limousin-Massif Central français) : Relations avec une mise en place syntectonique du massif granitique." Nancy 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988NAN10012.
Full textBastoul, Abdelmajid. "Origine et évolution des fluides hydro-carbo-azotés dans les formations métamorphiques : relations avec les minéralisations associées (u, au, graphite)." Nancy 1, 1992. http://www.theses.fr/1992NAN10390.
Full textHoÿm, de Marien Luc de. "Évolution pression-température-temps des unités varisques de haute-pression de l'est du Massif Central : implications géodynamiques." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019REN1B056.
Full textThe Variscan belt in France is interpreted as a collisional orogen where crustal thickening and subsequent thermal relaxation account for most of the metamorphic and structural record. Detailed analysis of the relationships between metamorphism and deformation of ortho-gneisses, as well as petrologically constrained geochronology of mafic eclogites reveal : (i) an early high-temperature metamorphism demonstrated by partial melting of the eclogites close the peak P–T conditions at ~363 Ma; (ii) subsequent fast decompression followed by cooling dated at ~353 Ma; (iii) the retrograde metamorphic character of the deformation of most orthogneisses. The metamorphic and structural record are inferred to result from a switch of the dynamics of the subduction zone at the onset of subduction of small continental ribbons rather than from continental collision after the initial oceanic subduction
Najoui, Khalid. "Conditions et âges de mise en place des granitoi͏̈des de la zone externe sud du Massif central français : étude pétro-structurale et géochronologique 40Ar-39Ar des roches, de leurs auréoles de contact et de quelques roches magmatiques. Implications géotectoniques." Montpellier 2, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996MON20271.
Full textCouturier, Marc. "Rétromorphoses hydratées des péridotites : exemple du massif de la Bessenoits (Massif central français)." Toulouse 3, 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996TOU30195.
Full textBourguignon, Anne. "Origine des formations paradérivées et orthodérivées acides du Limousin central : une source possible pour les leucogranites uranifères." Lyon 1, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988LYO10126.
Full textDecobecq, Dominique. "Approche pétrologique du réservoir magmatique du Massif du Mont-Doré par les enclaves associées." Paris 11, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA112319.
Full textThe study of plutonic enclaves associated with volcanic rocks in the Mont-Dore volcanic massif, has allowed to give a better definition of each of the structural levels beneath the stratovolcano. The Mont-Dore volcano, stricto sensu, presents several enclave families: cumulative enclaves located outside the "caldera" of the Mont-Dore; they are interpreted as originating directly from the volcano's magma chamber; non-cumulative enclaves found within the caldera: they are interpreted as coming from a sub-volcanic domain; - enclaves in tephrites produces by flowage-differenciation. The Sancy enclaves are distinct from those of the Mont-Dore volcano; two different types of enclaves have been observed: basic enclaves (without a cumulate texture) having crystallized very quickly, - and a monzonitic type of enclaves. By mineralogical studies, the location of the sub volcanic domain of the Mont-Dore has been determined at 0. 8 kb -2. 5 km-, outcroping plutonic dykes, in the Northern area of the Mont-Dore (site of Lusclade) are good evidences for the shallow level of emplacement. Moreover, by mineralogical studies in conjunction with chemical studies of trace-elements, a magma chamber is evidenced at not too great depths (8 km), where a differentiation process occurs from a monzonitic primary magma by fractionation of amphiboles, pyroxenes and plagioclases. The daly gap which exists at the benmoreitic step in the volcanic series of Mont-Dore disappears when considering also the plutonic series; the whole suite forms a complete alkaline series where the daly gap corresponds to a silica-undersaturated monzonite liquid which yielded bath differentated liquids and cumulate formations. No Sancy enclave is issued directly from the magma chamber; all these enclaves have been produced by rapid high-temperature crystallization under a low H20-pressure
Julien, Robert. "Magmatologie des trois phases d'édification du massif du Mont-Dore (Massif Central, France) : données volcanologiques sur le site de Croizat." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112092.
Full textLotout, Caroline. "Âge, durée et enregistrement du métamorphisme de haute pression dans le massif Central." Thesis, Rennes 1, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017REN1S128/document.
Full textSubduction is one of the key stages of the mountain building processes. It leads to the development of high-pressure (HP) metamorphism in the rocks that typically equilibrate in the blueschist or eclogite-facies conditions. Dating the HP metamorphism and estimating its intensity is therefore a major challenge when reconstructing geodynamics through time. Through a petrological and geochronological study, this PhD dissertation aims to better constrain conditions, durations and timings of HP metamorphism in the southern French Massif Central (European Variscan Belt). The massifs of Najac, Montagne Noire and Lévézou were investigated by a multi-method geochronological approach (zircon, rutile and apatite U-Pb dating, garnet Lu-Hf and Sm-Nd dating, biotite and muscovite 40Ar-39Ar dating) associated with a petrological analysis including numerical modelling of phase equilibria (Theriak-Domino and THERMOCALC). The Najac eclogites reached 560-630 °C at 15-20 kbar and the prograde part of the highpressure metamorphic event lasted for ~ 7 Myr starting at ~ 383 and peaking at ~ 376 Ma. Eclogites hosted in sillimanite-bearing migmatites in the Montagne Noire dome (French Massif Central) reached c. 750°C, 21 kbar before significant decompression at high temperatures. However, none of the obtained geochronological dates could be associated with the HP event. The study of the Najac massif and the Montagne Noire Dome highlight potential decoupling between the REE and the U-Pb isotopic systems. The emplacement of the protoliths of felsic and mafic HP rocks in the Lévézou Massif was estimated at ca. 470 Ma. HP metamorphism peaked at 21-23 kbar and 680-800°C at ~358 Ma. The subsequent fast exhumation reached 8-9.5 kbar and ~600°C at ~352 Ma, highlighting a very fast exhumation followed by a cooling rate of 50°C/Ma. Granites from the Lévézou massif display kyanite-garnet-muscovite-quartz pseudomorphs after cordierite that equilibrated at ca. 15-17 kbar and ~670°C. The major deformation in these granites is associated with the exhumation stage, locally accompanied by partial melting, and seems to occur in different episodes, from ~352 Ma to ~340 Ma. On a larger scale, these results are fully in line with the HP ages described in the Variscan Belt and allow to reconsider the tectonics in the French Massif Central
Poupon, Manuel. "Les altérations hydrothermales associées aux amas sulfurés de Chessy et de Sain Bel (Paléozoïque, série de la Brévenne, Massif Central français)." Paris 6, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989PA066404.
Full textEzzayani, Jamil. "Les roches basiques du Bas-Limousin (Massif Central français) : évolution métamorphique et implications géodynamiques de leurs protolithes." Nancy 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991NAN10274.
Full textBriand, Bernard. "Caractérisation des métamagmatites en domaine profond et reconnaissance des sites géotectoniques : exemple du complexe leptyno-amphibolique de la vallée du Lot (Massif Central français)." Lyon 1, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986LYO19039.
Full textPlatevoet, Richard. "Diversité des formations pyroclastiques S. L. Du strato-volcan du Cantal (miocène ; Massif Central français) : élaboration d'une méthodologie de corrélation (dynamismes volcaniques : minéralogie ; magnétisme de roches et radiochronologie)." Lille 1, 2000. http://www.theses.fr/2000LIL10140.
Full textRazafimahefa, Narison. "Granites et leucogranites alumineux du nord-est du Massif de Millevaches (Massif Central français) : Pétrologie, géochimie et synthèse cartographiques." Nancy 1, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987NAN10236.
Full textBriot, Danielle. "Génèse d'une série alcaline intraplaque continentale : étude géochimique (éléments traces et isotopes SR-ND-O) du volcan des Monts Dore (Massif central français)." Clermond-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF21107.
Full textGuédon, Jeanne-Sylvine. "Les enclaves subvolcaniques dans les roches volcaniques du Mont-Doré et du Cantal." Paris 11, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA112192.
Full textA fine opportunity to study deep magmatic levels of volcanic massifs is provided by natural samplings in Mont-Dore - Sancy - Cantal aera. Subvolcanic enclaves are found in various types of products, enclosed into each kind of differentiated volcanic rock types and their abundance is a function of magma viscosity and ascent velocity. In Mont-Dore - Sancy volcanoes, subvolcanic enclaves result from crystallization of akaline melts and constitute a monzogabbro-syenite plutonic suite. Analytical data consistent with:a subvolcanic complex, with a roof emplaced at a depth intermediate between the caldera floor and the -2400 m altitude, corresponding to a fracture zone detected by geophysical methods. An eastern zone, where plutonic intrusions, crescentic in shape, are emplaced during tectonic remobilizations caused by Sancy volcano building. The subvolcanic complex is characterized by multiple intrusions, arranged in 9-10 km in diameter structure, and is centred around Croizat drill area. In Cantal volcano, extra-caldera subvolcanic enclaves (théralites, essexites, pegmatitoïdes) do not reflect the nature of the subvolcanic complex, which is exposed in Haute-Jordanne valley and is made up of gabbro and monzogabbro. In the northern part of the volcano, plutonic enclaves are found in trachyte and phonolite dômes, defining a fault pattern, evidencing tectonic readjustements associated with the Sillon Houiller fracture zone. In central Cantal, gabbro-monzonite suite, syenites substantiate a environment as well as by the plutonic association is composed of a whereas, in northern Cantal, monzonites and contrasting domain, differing by their tectonic their location
Nicollet, Christian. "Metabasites granulitiques, anorthosites et roches associées de la croûte inférieure : exemple pris à Madagascar et dans le Massif central français." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988CLF2E413.
Full textEchtler, Helmut. "Les nappes du versant sud dans l'évolution tectonique varisque de la Montagne Noire (sud du Massif central) : de l'épaississement crustal à l'extension tardi-orogénique." Montpellier 2, 1989. http://www.theses.fr/1989MON20119.
Full textJubertie, Fabien. "Les excès climatiques dans le Massif Central français : l'impact des temps forts pluviométriques et anémométriques en Auvergne." Phd thesis, Université Blaise Pascal - Clermont-Ferrand II, 2006. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00188307.
Full textLa disposition du relief auvergnat favorise une plus grande fréquence des temps forts pluviométriques sur les bordures montagneuses occidentale et méridionale de la région, tandis que l'espace intérieur (Limagnes, vallées de la Loire et de l'Allier entre autres) n'est que rarement concerné par les fortes chutes d'origines océanique et méditerranéenne. Toutefois, en raison d'une plus grande vulnérabilité des bas-pays urbanisés, les excès sont nettement plus nombreux dans les bassins qu'en montagne. Ces bassins sont, en plus, parfois affectés par des transferts de crues issus des espaces montagnards.
L'analyse des systèmes perturbés générant les temps forts est effectuée soit d'une manière classique par l'étude des cartes isobariques ou encore par utilisation de l'imagerie satellitaire et radar. L'imagerie radar s'avère déterminante pour comprendre l'évolution des systèmes cévenols et orageux. Bien sûr, les excès les plus graves se produisent lorsque les temps forts touchent directement les espaces urbains ou lorsque les transferts de crues les plus importants atteignent les bassins.
L'ensemble du travail aboutit sur une identification de onze territoires possédant des caractères originaux au niveau des vulnérabilités, de la fréquence et de la nature des temps forts ainsi que de l'importance des excès.
Collet, Thierry. "Hydrodynamique d'un réservoir fissuré profond en domaine de socle : site du Cézallier (Massif central français), Programme Géologie profonde de la France." Montpellier 2, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988MON20216.
Full textSaint-Martin, Michel. "Evolution du bassin stéphanien de Graissessac en relation avec les tectoniques hercyniennes et tardi-hercyniennes de la Montagne noire (Sud du Massif Central français)." Montpellier 2, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993MON20001.
Full textGubian, Michel. "Héritage structural et caractéristiques géotechniques d'un site : application à un barrage cévenol." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1987. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00760491.
Full textBalmelle, Laurent. "Etude de la série volcano-sédimentaire de La Chapelle-sous-Dun (Massif du Charollais, Nord-Est du Massif Central français)." Paris 6, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986PA066494.
Full textGay, Isabelle. "Evolution des flux mineraux pendant le tardiglaciaire et l'holocene dans un bassin montagneux a roches magmatiques sous latitude moyenne : le bassin du lac chambon, massif central, france." Orléans, 1995. http://www.theses.fr/1995ORLE2070.
Full textPierre, Guillaume. "Les altérites fossilisées par des coulées de lave : valeur paléoclimatique et implications géomorphologiques ; l'exemple de l'Auvergne, de l'Aubrac et du Velay." Phd thesis, Université Panthéon-Sorbonne - Paris I, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00950006.
Full textMboungou-Kongo, Jean-Baptiste. "Les formations metamorphiques devono-dinantiennes et les roches plutoniques de la region sud-ouest de clermont-ferrand (massif central francais) : etudes petrographique, geochimique et structurale." Clermont-Ferrand 2, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987CLF21027.
Full textDubois, Michel. "Fluides crustaux : approche expérimentale et analytique : 1) détermination du solvus des systèmes H2O-MCL (M=Li, K, Rb, Cs) et 2) caractérisation et dynamique des fluides des dômes thermiques, sur l'exemple du Diapir Vellave (S-E Massif Central Francais)." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1992. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1992_DUBOIS_M.pdf.
Full textIldefonse, Philippe. "Analyse petrologique des alterations premeteoriques et meteoriques de deux roches basaltiques (basalte alcalin de belbex, cantal, et hawaiite de m'bouda, cameroun)." Paris 7, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA077118.
Full textClément, Jean-Yves. "Minéralogie, pétrographie et géochimie du permien de lodeve (herault, france) : diagenèse précoce, altération feldspathisante et mise en place des minéralisations uranifères." Poitiers, 1986. http://www.theses.fr/1986POIT2266.
Full textMercier, Alain. "Illustration du metamorphisme hercynien dans les pyrenees : le massif nord-pyreneen des trois-seigneurs (ariege), modalites, implications geodynamiques." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30158.
Full textMoisy, Michel. "Evolution de la perméabilité et de la circulation des fluides hydrothermaux dans une zone de cisaillement fragile." Phd thesis, Grenoble 1, 1993. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00529983.
Full textAyt, Ougougdal Mohamed. "Contrôles magmatiques, structuraux et hydrothermaux de la formation des épisyénites de la marche occidentale." Vandoeuvre-les-Nancy, INPL, 1994. http://docnum.univ-lorraine.fr/public/INPL_T_1994_AYT_OUGOUGDAL_M.pdf.
Full textBruchon, Isabelle. "Etude geologique, mineralogique et geochimique des mineralisations polymetalliques a sb-zn-w(pb, cu, ag, as. . . ) du secteur brassac-lacaune (tarn, montagne noire)." Toulouse 3, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988TOU30144.
Full textLigouis, Bertrand. "La grande couche de bourran du bassin stephanien de decazeville (aveyron) : petrologie et environnements de depot du charbon, genese d'une veine puissante." Orléans, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988ORLE2027.
Full textMerceron, Thierry. "Les altérations hydrothermales de la coupole granitique d'échassières et de son environnement (sondage gpf echa n1)." Poitiers, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988POIT2330.
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