Journal articles on the topic 'Preservation of local monuments'
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1
Bielinis-Kopeć, Barbara. "PROPOZYCJE ZAŁOŻEŃ DO SYSTEMU SŁUŻB KONSERWATORSKICH – STANOWISKO WOJEWÓDZKICH KONSERWATORÓW ZABYTKÓW." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 1 (May 30, 2016): 7–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2016_01_01.
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Regional Historic Preservation Officers are of the opinion that monument protection system in Poland needs to be modified. According to them, however, these changes need to be preceded by in-depth analysis of the existing situation, e.g. the condition in which historic monuments and sites are preserved in Poland, the sources of financing works carried out to monuments and sites, the role that historic preservation offices play in administration combined with regional governors, and the current financial and HR situation in specific government bodies.Changes made to the monument protection system should result in improving the conservational state of historic monuments and sites as well as improving functioning of historic preservation service in competence-, organisation-, and finance-related aspects. Furthermore, as a consequence, local government bodies and the society should become more aware of their responsibilities pertaining to historic monuments and sites. The role of local government historic preservation service should be also taken into consideration.According to Regional Historic Preservation Officers, the changes should be aimed at the following: strengthening the office of General Historic Preservation Officer who will shape historic preservation policy in Poland and coordinate actions taken by state and local historic preservation service; subordinating Regional Historic Preservation Officers directly to the General Historic Preservation Officer (within structures of the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage); improve the organisational and financial situation in Regional Historic Preservation Offices and adapt it to their needs; developing a model of local government historic preservation service in terms of their competences, organisational structure, and subordinance (control- and merit-related) to Regional Historic Preservation Officers. It is necessary to make legislative changes to the monument protection law not only by issuing clear, uniform, and adoptable regulations but also by correlating regulations pertaining to protection of historic monuments and sites with other existing acts of law. It is also essential to perform comprehensive analysis of the list of Polish monuments and sites (register and record of historic monuments and sites) as well as develop and implement a financial support system for taking care of historic monuments and sites and include properties owned by the state treasury into this system. It must be also emphasised that there is a strong need for increasing social importance of guardianship of monuments and sites and making the society aware of limitations and benefits pertaining to monument protection.
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Szmygin, Bogusław. "UWARUNKOWANIA I ZAŁOŻENIA SYSTEMU SŁUŻB OCHRONY ZABYTKÓW W POLSCE." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 1 (May 30, 2016): 121–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2016_01_13.
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Since 1989, the system of monument protection in Poland has been adapting to the changes occurring in the Polish political system. Defining the scope of power and duties of historic preservation services is not only a tremendously important element of these changes. It is also a key factor in how the monument protection system functions.The nature of the changes results in stakeholders playing increasingly significant role in protection of monuments and sites – they become major partners to historic preservation services. Moreover, these services may find regional government bodies having broad scope of duties pertaining to monument protection particularly useful.Increasing significance of the role that local government bodies have been playing results in the scope of power and duties of regional historic preservation offices being broadened. Local government bodies are therefore going to participate more actively in the protection of historic monuments and sites. At the same time, their actions should be inspired, planned, and coordinated by regional historic preservation services. Support and supervision, on the other hand, should be provided by state historic preservation service being independent of local government bodies. The state and local government services cannot be therefore considered an alternative – they should fully and closely cooperate with each other. For this reason, cooperation among these services should be promoted and encouraged.
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Korpała, Małgorzata. "URZĄD KONSERWATORSKI A ZABYTEK, CZYLI O WPŁYWIE URZĘDU NA PRZYGOTOWANIE I REALIZACJĘ PRAC KONSERWATORSKICH." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 1 (May 30, 2016): 77–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2016_01_08.
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Under the Act of 23 July, 2003 on the Protection and Guardianship of Monuments, employees of historic preservation offices supervise works carried out to historic monuments and sites as well as determine their scope. The scope of works depends on the form of legal protection and it is conditional on the decision pertaining to legal protection, i.e. listing a property or site in the register or municipal/communal record of historic monuments and sites; providing area-wide protection: defining historic preservation area in a local zoning plan. Members of staff of historic preservation offices are responsible for assessing documents pertaining to renovation, restoration, and conservation works carried out to monuments and sites as well as make administrative decisions on all actions, regardless of the level on which they are taken: issuing conservation guidelines, permits for conducting research on historic monuments and sites, making decisions on commencing conservation works, supervising the works until their completion. Quality of works carried out to historic monuments and sites depends on individual experience and skills that the members of staff of historic preservation offices demonstrate. The higher the rank of a monument or site, the heavier responsibility historic preservation offices shoulder.
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Dąbrowski, Jacek, and Dariusz Jankowski. "CZY WAWEL MOŻNA NADBUDOWAĆ? REFLEKSJE NA TEMAT KLASYFIKACJI ZABYTKÓW." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 2 (November 28, 2016): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2016_02_02.
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None of the legal acts applied in the Polish monument protection system, ranging from the Regency Council Decree of 1918 to the Act of 2003, allows for transforming historic monuments and sites. This provision applies, paradoxically, unless a competent historic preservation officer approves such transformations. In other words, under the aforementioned acts, it is possible to make any modification to the existing historic monument or site, provided that a historic preservation officer issues an appropriate permit.Each of these legal acts provides framework for classifying historic monuments and sites, e.g. by introducing various forms of protection, classifying monuments and sites under various categories – immovable, movable, archaeological, etc. Therefore, classification is real.There are so many different historic monuments and sites falling under a great number of categories that it is impossible to provide them with real, even diversified protection. It is therefore necessary to implement sucha classification of historic monuments and sites that would allow state and regional historic preservation officers and representatives of local government administration to carry out actions aimed at protecting properties and places of great historical significance.The recommended classification is a starting point for discussing methods, criteria, and rules governing classification of historic monuments and sites. Additionally, it will ensure appropriate protection.
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Annis, M. Beatrice. "Appropriation and Preservation (Built) heritage as a common good." Archaeological Dialogues 3, no. 2 (December 1996): 123–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1380203800000684.
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In his paper Peter Odermatt takes the local inhabitants and their right to (re)presentation and appropriation of the monumental heritage under protection against the hegemonistic pretension of the Authority – scientific, institutional, economical – that they are solely entitled to this right. The author rightly argues that, in the appropriation of cultural heritage, the Authority does not hold any greater rights than those who live in the vicinity of monuments or those who come from abroad to visit them. The examples he outlines are derived from a Sardinian context and illustrate how the ‘colonial’ pretensions of the heritage industry alienate the local residents from their monumental past and, as a consequence, how indifference led into oblivion.
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Gawlicki, Marcin. "JAKI SYSTEM OCHRONY ZABYTKÓW? PYTANIA BEZ ODPOWIEDZI…" Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 1 (May 30, 2016): 61–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.24358/odk_2016_01_06.
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The Act of 23 July 2003 on the Protection and Guardianship of Monuments has never been flawless and the historic preservation milieu has been aware of the consequently deteriorating monument protection system. This article explores the following problems existing in the area of cultural heritage: description and evaluation of cultural heritage, document production rules, sources of financing works carried out to heritage, effectiveness of legal processes, professional development of members of staff, organisational structure of historic preservation offices, and cooperation opportunities on different levels of state and local government administration bodies dealing with protection of monuments and sites. While reading questions provided in this article, one may be willing to ponder on directions of expected changes and ways of introducing them in Poland.
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LAKHTIONOVA, E. S. "THE HISTORY OF THE RESCUE OF THE MONUMENT OF INDUSTRIAL HERITAGE "SEVERSKAYA DOMNA" IN THE 1960-1980S." History and Modern Perspectives 5, no. 2 (June 28, 2023): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.33693/2658-4654-2023-5-2-113-119.
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The article reconstructs the struggle of the inhabitants of two Ural cities - Sverdlovsk and Polevskoy - for the preservation of a unique monument of industrial heritage - the Severskaya blast furnace - in the 1960s-1980s. The sources for the study were unpublished archival materials, as well as information from the periodical press. The author analyzes the reasons that served as an impetus for this activity, which included a number of stages. The main actors of blast furnace museumification are considered. The author comes to the conclusion that the activities for the preservation of monuments of industrial heritage in the 1960s-1980s. was non-systematic, representing a network of inconsistent actions of different actors. Among the latter, the following should be singled out: representatives of the scientific community, educational institutions, members of the public organization «All-Russian Society for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments», local authorities, representatives of party cells, workers and veterans of the Seversky Pipe Plant. During the specified chronological period, the unique monument of the Sverdlovsk region was museumified twice, with a break for a fierce struggle for its preservation in the 1980s. By the beginning of the 1990s. it became only the second industrial site to undergo serious conservation work within the largest old industrial region of our country.
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Fierascu, Irina, Anda Maria Baroi, Toma Fistos, Roxana Ioana Brazdis, Cristian Moise, Alina Ortan, and Radu Claudiu Fierascu. "From Space to Earth—AIRFARE: A Project for the Cultural Heritage Preservation." Proceedings 57, no. 1 (November 12, 2020): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020057053.
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Karimova, Rukhayyo. "Restoration of Murals of the National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan." SHS Web of Conferences 50 (2018): 01233. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20185001233.
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The paper analyses traditional and modern methods and technologies for preservation and restoration of wall paintings found through archaeological excavations in the Republic of Tajikistan. Medieval monuments such as the ancient Panjekent, Bundzhikat, Adzhina-Tepa and others gave a variety of works of pictorial art, including unique monumental paintings, the preservation of which presents a priority task for scientists, restorers and art experts. These artefacts are exposed in the State Hermitage Museum (St. Petersburg), the National Museum of Antiquities of Tajikistan, the Republican Museum of History and Local Lore of Rudaki in Penjikent and the National Museum of Tajikistan. The paintings portray diverse and interrelated household, mythological, religious and epic plots, battle scenes, scenes of feasts and hunting, as well as geometrical, vegetable, and zoomorphic motives. The study of these paintings helps scientists to study in detail the medieval history of Tajik people. Therefore, their preservation is the primary task of the corresponding experts. The paper is based on personal experience of the author in preservation and restoration of monumental paintings within international projects on preservation of cultural heritage of Tajik people.
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Lakhtionova, Elizaveta S. "Participation of Industrial Enterprises in the Activities to Preserve Industrial Heritage Monuments in the Sverdlovsk Region in the 1970–1980s." Economic History 3, no. 19 (September 30, 2023): 229–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.15507/2409-630x.062.019.202303.229-245.
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Introduction. The Sverdlovsk region has historically always been distinguished by the presence of a large number of industrial enterprises on its territory, as well as monuments that can be attributed to the industrial heritage. The preservation of these monuments is a task not only of the state, but also of a local scale, dictating the need to attract the capabilities and resources of industrial enterprises to this. The purpose of the article is to analyze the degree of participation of industrial enterprises, on the territory of which the monuments were located, in the activities for their preservation and museumification. The chronological framework is the 1970s – 1980s, when the need to intensify monument protection activities began to be realized at the state level, which was reflected in the legal documents. Materials and Methods. The study was based on unpublished archival materials stored in the Documentation Center of the Sverdlovsk Region. As well as published sources: legal acts, office documentation, periodicals. As part of the research, the author applied general scientific and special-historical methods. Results and Discussion. The responsibility of industrial enterprises regarding industrial heritage monuments began to be fixed in the legal documents of all-Union and regional significance, starting from the 1970s. This was due to the intensification of state control over the protection of monuments in general. Gradually, the financial obligation of enterprises to ensure the preservation and carry out work on the museumification of monuments located on their territory is also prescribed. In the Sverdlovsk region, two industrial enterprises took an active part in this activity: the Nevyansk Mechanical Plant and the Seversky Pipe Plant. Conclusion. By the beginning of the 1990s on the territory of the Sverdlovsk region there were 34 monuments that can be attributed to the industrial heritage. 20 of them were on the balance sheet and under the responsibility of industrial enterprises, which was reflected in the legal documents only in the second half of the 1980s. In the 1970s – 1980s two objects underwent restoration and museumification – the Nevyansk leaning tower and the Severskaya blast furnace. An important role in this was played by the vigorous activity of the factories on the territory of which they were located. However, there were also mistakes made by the management of one of the factories, which led to the partial destruction of one of the monuments.
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Gerhardt, Deborah. "Law in the Shadows of Confederate Monuments." Michigan Journal of Race & Law, no. 27.1 (2021): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.36643/mjrl.27.1.law.
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Hundreds of Confederate monuments stand across the United States. In recent years, leading historians have come forward to clarify that these statues were erected not just as memorials but to express white supremacist intimidation in times of racially oppressive conduct. As public support for antiracist action grows, many communities are inclined to remove public symbols that cause emotional harm, create constant security risks and dishonor the values of equality and unity. Finding a lawful path to removal is not always clear and easy. The political power brokers who choose whether monuments will stay or go often do not walk daily in their shadows. In recent years, eight Southern state legislatures enacted monument preservation legislation designed to thwart local removal efforts. These laws have prompted bitter conflicts, sometimes leading angry citizens to topple massive stone or bronze monuments themselves. The challenges present fertile ground for innovative lawyering. Creative applications of state property, nuisance and contract laws have led to removals notwithstanding the prohibitions of state preservation laws. When state law blocks removal or contextualization, communities may look to federal law as a source for taking antiracist action. First Amendment doctrine governing expressive speech has not provided a fruitful solution. Despite the expressive nature of Confederate monuments, efforts to weaponize the First Amendment by both sides of the monument debate have failed, largely due to the government speech doctrine. Given the age and quality of most monuments, copyright law is also not likely to provide an effective federal claim. The Federal Civil Rights Act offers an untapped but promising foundation for resolving these controversies. Title VI and Title VII could be used to challenge monuments that contribute to a hostile work or educational environment. Federal civil rights claims would supersede state legislation enacted to prevent removal of racially hostile symbols. Even when state law does not present removal barriers, communities who seek to take meaningful anti-racist action could ground their initiatives in the Civil Rights Act’s core value of equality. For all who are confronting this issue, this Article seeks to provide a legal and strategic framework for acknowledging history while reclaiming the symbolic heart of our public spaces and a means to assure that the symbols we elevate affirm shared contemporary values.
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Zahriichuk, V. F. "Natural reserve fund of the western part of the North Pokuttya highland: structure and problems and prospects of optimization." Man and Environment. Issues of Neoecology, no. 37 (May 30, 2022): 104–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.26565/1992-4224-2022-37-10.
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Objective. Analyze the structure and features of the nature reserve fund within the western part of the North Pokut highland and find out the problems and prospects for its optimization. Methods. Field, analysis, processing of stock materials of environmental services, remote sensing methods, cartographic. Result. The nature reserve fund of the western part of the North Pokuttya highland forms one regional landscape park, 15 reserves, 37 natural monuments, 12 protected tracts, three arboretums and five parks-monuments of garden and park art. The largest in area is the Dniester RLP (19,556 hectares), which accounts for 96% of the total area of the NPF in the region. A large number of valuable natural objects: caves, rocks, ledges, karst funnels and abysses, springs are located outside the Dniester RLP. Suggestions for optimizing the protection of valuable objects that need to be preserved. Valuable objects need protection in the form of geological monuments of nature and karst-speleological reserves for their further preservation, as karst abysses and funnels, occasionally at the foot of rocks become places of accumulation of household waste of the local population. This leads to loss of value of the natural object, pollution of the environment, deterioration of the ecological condition of the territory. Conclusions. We propose to create a karst and speleological reserve for the preservation and protection of caves, karst fields in the vicinity of Isakiv. As a geological monument of nature, it is necessary to protect large karst abysses ("vertebrae") and the cave "Pokutyanka" with a length of about 935 m. It is necessary to create hydrological monuments of nature to preserve high flow sources, waterfalls on travertine rocks. They are concentrated along the slopes of the Dniester.
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Kocowska-Siekierka, Elżbieta, and Tadeusz Kocowski. "Zadania gminy w zakresie ochrony zabytków ze szczególnym uwzględnieniem zabytków rezydencjonalnych." Studia Prawa Publicznego, no. 1 (45) (March 15, 2024): 37–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/spp.2024.1.45.2.
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The article delineates the municipality’s role as the custodian of historical monuments, elucidating the factual and legal circumstances and the genesis of this extraordinary relationship. It outlines the goals and tasks faced by municipalities in relation to the conservation, restoration, and revitalization of residential historic structures under their purview. The article further scrutinizes the situations that led municipalities to assume ownership of historical monuments, often acquiring them from the State Treasury, primarily during the process of political transformation. It delves into intricate interconnections, examining the nexus between the interest in heritage preservation, the financial capacities of public and private entities, and the mission of local governments in the protection and upkeep of these objects. Given their imposing volume and frequently dire state of preservation, revitalizing residential historical monuments requires substantial financial investments. Additionally, there is the challenge of determining a rational and socially appealing way to utilize renovated monuments. The text accords particular attention to the professionalization and developmental stages of tools and instruments in the possession of these local government units. These entities employ such tools to effectively secure external funding for ambitious revitalization and conservation projects involving dilapidated castles and palaces. This approach unquestionably serves as an alternative to the simplest solution, namely the privatization of these objects—a course of action that does not always lead to the achievement of intended goals and, quite often, results in further degradation of the structures. After more than thirty years of political transformation, many residential monuments are gradually regaining their former glory, and performing new, predominantly socially beneficial public functions.
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Gledhill, Jim. "Bunker Museology." Journal of Contemporary Archaeology 10, no. 2 (April 15, 2024): 171–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1558/jca.23925.
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After the Cold War ended in 1991, many former nuclear bunkers were discarded by the British state and left as field monuments. This article examines the two-stage evolution of bunker museology in Scotland, wherein these archaeological remains have been converted into museums, initially by private collector-enthusiasts and latterly by community groups. My case study of the Gairloch Museum in the Wester Ross documents the reincarnation of a Cold War monument as a community museum, illustrating the positive potential of transforming unofficial into official heritage with the participation of local people. The Gairloch Museum is considered alongside two other local bunker restoration projects in Edinburgh and Dundee, advocating the need for public bodies to give greater priority to the preservation of Cold War heritage in Scotland and the United Kingdom as a whole.
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Preda, Caterina. "Postsocialist Statuary Politics in Romania and Bulgaria: An Ambivalent Socialist Heritage." Comparative Southeast European Studies 71, no. 2 (June 1, 2023): 147–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/soeu-2022-0043.
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Abstract Using an approach situated at the intersection of cultural memory studies and (critical) heritage studies, with a focus on the ambivalent socialist heritage of socialist statues and monuments and their changing role in postsocialist public spaces, this article engages with the postcommunist strategies of reckoning with the past in Romania and Bulgaria in the period 1990–2020. Comparing the kinds of monumental memory of communism that were established in these countries, the author discusses how each dealt with their ambivalent socialist heritage through a public memory policy comprising three combined strategies: removal; preservation; and the replacement of communist heroes with anticommunist counter-monuments. The author concludes that stances toward the socialist heritage manifest various tensions in terms of the types of statues that were removed or, alternately, allowed to remain; of the opposition between local and national decisions as well as between the official approach and citizens’ perspectives; and, finally, of aesthetic versus political criteria.
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Mykhailichenko, M. A., and D. V. Kudinov. "PROBLEMS OF ACCOUNTING AND PRESERVATION OF MONUMENTS OF CULTURAL HERITAGE (on the example of the City Cemetery of Sumy)." Sums'ka Starovyna (Ancient Sumy Land), no. 60 (2022): 78–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.21272/starovyna.2022.60.5.
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Sumy City Cemetery, given the personalities of prominent Sumy people buried on it, as well as the artistic and historical value of many tombstones, is of great historical, cultural and memorial importance. There are 39 cultural heritage sites on its territory, three of which are of national importance and 36 of local significance. At the same time, many burials of the City Cemetery, valuable from a historical or artistic point of view, do not have the status of a cultural heritage site. Procrastination in granting it the status of cultural heritage sites can eventually lead to their destruction. However, burials that have the appropriate status are not always properly cared for. Yes, the crypt-pyramid is cluttered and actively destroyed. Sculptures by Aristide Croisy need to be restored. The protection status of the monuments located on the territory of the City Cemetery is not specified in any way, there are no appropriate protection boards, plaques, explanations. The locations of the monuments are not marked on the information stand located at the entrance to the cemetery. Thus, there are two main problems in the accounting and preservation of monuments located in the City Cemetery of Sumy. The first is the significant number of sites that need to be given cultural heritage status of local significance. The second is the unsatisfactory condition of cultural heritage sites, including those of national importance. The first problem, in our opinion, can be solved by creating regional expert commissions, which should be able to promptly consider the inclusion of cultural heritage sites in the State Register by category of local importance. The problem of proper maintenance of monuments requires the joint efforts of public authorities and local governments with activists of public organizations, especially those whose statutory tasks include the protection of cultural heritage.
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Stoutamire, William F. "Imagined Heritage." Public Historian 38, no. 4 (November 1, 2016): 17–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/tph.2016.38.4.17.
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While the national monuments have long been considered the product of federal preservation efforts, this article explores the dynamic relationship between pothunters, boosters, and preservationists on the local stage. It argues that local and regional communities like Flagstaff, Arizona, played an important role in early efforts to promote and protect many western cultural resources. Adopting an imagined heritage and sense of history, Flagstaff’s residents powerfully and effectively advocated for the preservation of the Walnut Canyon cliff dwellings. Yet this imagined heritage was also a form of cultural appropriation, setting the stage for the decades-long exclusion of Native voices from the conversation.
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Прокопчук, Віктор, and Андрій Гриценко. "PRESERVATION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL MONUMENTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF WAR: THE ROLE OF INSTITUTIONS OF GENERAL SECONDARY EDUCATION." КОНСЕНСУС, no. 2 (2024): 74–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.31110/consensus/2024-02/074-083.
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The goal of the work is to analyze the historical experience of preservation of monuments of history and culture in the conditions of war by teachers and students of institutions of general secondary education. The scientific novelty of this article is due to the fact that for the first time the study and presentation of the historical experience of preserving monuments of history and culture in general is carried out with a focus on the need to strengthen this work by history teachers, class teachers and students in cooperation with local historians of institutions of general secondary education precisely in conditions of the Russo-Ukrainian war. Methodology. In the process of working on the topic, biographical and chronological methods of historical research and the general scientific method of systematic analysis were used in the course of monument protection works and perpetuating the memory of the heroes who died in the war in order to create a collective portrait within the framework of the development of school local history. Conclusions. In the course of the research, it was found that a valuable experience of memorial protection work and the perpetuation of the historical memory of the heroes - defenders of the Motherland, who died in the modern war of Russia against Ukraine, is the initiative of teachers and graduates institutions of general secondary education to make and install memorial boards in the conditions of celebrations, conducting research on the creation of a collective portrait of the dead. The authors also focused attention on the need to strengthen this area of school local studies, to master the tried and tested methods of historical and historical schoolwork and to develop forms adequate to the needs of the time in order to protect and preserve the national cultural heritage.
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Fihurnyi, Yurii, Oleksii Lukashevych, Ihor Haidaienko, Oksana Vysoven, and Larysa Kapitan. "Sacred and Architectural Objects of Pereiaslav Skansen: Preservation, Development, Prospects." Ukrainian Studies, no. 1(86) (March 29, 2023): 188–211. http://dx.doi.org/10.30840/2413-7065.1(86).2023.275332.
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The article analyses the preservation, development, and further prospects of the functioning of the sacred and architectural objects of the Pereiaslav open-air museum in the conditions of the full-scale Russian-Ukrainian war and the post-war reconstruction of the Ukrainian state. A review of the history of the construction and operation of church buildings was carried out. Their architectural features are characterised. The circumstances of museification are considered. Particular attention is paid to the peculiarities of the coexistence of museum exhibits and religious buildings and the visitors' perceptions of this phenomenon. It is shown that during the totalitarian era, as a result of the state struggle against religion, a huge number of Ukrainian sacred monuments were destroyed, but thanks to the ascetic activities of museum workers, some of them were saved. It was revealed that M. Sikorskyi, M. Zham, together, not only saved sacred objects from complete destruction, but also restored the previous appearance of monuments, thereby preserving them for the contemporaries and descendants. It has been clarified that what the totalitarian Soviet government could not destroy, now it is trying to destroy the criminal Putin regime, therefore, there is an urgent need to carry out a 3-D recording of all historical, cultural, and artistic monuments in Ukraine, if possible, in order to successfully restore them in the event of possible damage to the original appearance of objects. It has been proven that sacred sights are an important component of the development of cognitive types of tourism. The importance and necessity of including the sacred monuments of the museum and the city of Pereiaslav in tourist routes are argued. Their sacral-tourist potential for the development of excursion-religious tourism is determined. The further effective use of sacred monuments for the further development of the tourist resource is substantiated. The results of the research can be used by museum workers, local self-government bodies, and tour operators to develop and substantiate prospective plans for the optimization, improvement, and development of tourist activities based on the sacred heritage of the museum for its popularisation on the domestic and international market for tourist services.
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Daniel, Vlăescu, Djordje Krkljus, and Dogaru Petrișor. "The Specifics of Use of Composite Materials in Consolidation of Historical Monuments." Ovidius University Annals of Constanta - Series Civil Engineering 21, no. 1 (December 1, 2019): 25–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ouacsce-2019-0003.
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Abstract The use of composite systems in protecting, preserving and maintaining historical monuments has become more and more used. There are several consolidation procedures with fiber-reinforced polymeric polymers that can be applied as required or on the basis of the basic material (concrete, masonry, wood, etc.). Besides the many advantages it provides, the application of composite systems in the rehabilitation of heritage buildings and historical monuments requires minimal workmanship. More and more cities are actively involved in the rehabilitation and preservation of heritage buildings and historical monuments by launching good practice guides to preserve local cultural heritage by applying composite elements as robust as possible without the need to modify the overall dimensions of the buildings through a classic covering.
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Poole, Lauren A. R., and Douglas R. Appler. "Building a Local Preservation Ethic in the Era of Urban Renewal: How Did Neighborhood Associations Shape Historic Preservation Practice in Lexington, Kentucky?" Journal of Urban History 46, no. 2 (December 22, 2018): 383–405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0096144218816650.
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The federal urban renewal program had wide-ranging consequences for American cities of all sizes and locations. Among the most consequential was its catalyzing effect on the historic preservation movement nationwide. While preservation practice at the dawn of the urban renewal era emphasized historic monuments, by its end in the mid-1970s, preservationists were much more concerned with neighborhoods, districts, and larger swaths of urban fabric, thus, becoming relevant to all manner of future city shaping and revitalizing efforts. While this expansion took place nationwide, the paths taken by individual cities varied considerably. Because of its large number of historic downtown residential neighborhoods, and its long involvement with historic preservation, Lexington, Kentucky, provides an ideal case study to explore this transformation, highlighting the ways in which neighborhood associations and local preservation organizations collaborated to set the stage for widespread adoption of local historic districts in the 1970s.
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Menon, Jaya, and Supriya Varma. "Archaeological places: Negotiations between local communities, archaeologists and the state in India." Journal of Social Archaeology 19, no. 2 (April 26, 2019): 141–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1469605319845437.
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In South Asia, local communities most often live near or amidst archaeological places. Their lives are in many ways framed and structured by these places. At the same time, these places too are impacted by the communities that live nearby. Archaeological sites in India are being destroyed at a rapid pace, due to increasing population and development pressures. This story gets further complicated by legislative practices of preservation related to monuments and archaeological sites, which are solely in the hands of the state through its institutions. It is this very act of protection that sometimes leads to conflict between the institutions of the state and local communities. At the same time, several archaeological sites have also survived due to local interests because they have been transformed into ritual spaces or are considered as ancestral places. Additionally, monuments have been converted into heritage hotels and have become an important means of livelihood for the families that own them. Thus, for protection to succeed, the critical intervention and involvement of local communities living in close proximity to monuments and archaeological sites is fundamental. Is it then education that can enable the survival of archaeological places? School education has the scope of involving and alerting children to their environs, whether it is the natural environment or a built one, and this could be a long-term solution.
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Samoilov, Konstantin, Bolat Kuspangaliyev, Gaukhar Sadvokasova, and Aizhan Akhmedova. "The Version of the Composition of the Mausoleum-Khanaka Khoja Ahmed Yassawi Main Facade in Turkestan." Heritage 6, no. 2 (January 30, 2023): 1344–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/heritage6020074.
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The problem of preservation, and optimal demonstration of it to local residents and tourists of architectural monuments, is of constant scientific and public interest. Two concepts coexist in dialectical interaction: conservation to preserve the monument in the form in which it has come down to in our times, and restoration of the monument with the restoration of lost details. In each case, one or another decision is made, which finds both supporters and opponents. One of the aspects of this problem is the attitude to buildings that have long breaks in the history of conduct in their construction works. An interesting example of such a monument is the mausoleum-khanaka of Ahmed Yassawi in Turkestan, which remains unfinished. Given its importance for the self-determination of the culture of modern Kazakhstan, it seems appropriate to consider the planned design, which remains unrealized. For the first time, the article suggests, by way of discussion, several options proposed by the authors for solving the main facade of the mausoleum-khanaka and the shape of the central dome.
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Kariyev, Yeldos, Daniyar Tleugabulov, Azamat Dukombayev, and Adil Eginbay. "The results of complex interdisciplinary work on the monuments of Shubarat and Molaly in the context of the Zhetysu culture of ancient time and the Late Middle Ages." Bulletin of the L.N. Gumilyov Eurasian National University. Historical Sciences. Philosophy. Religion Series 146, no. 1 (2024): 87–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.32523/2616-7255-2024-146-1-87-115.
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The article presents the progress and results of a complex of interdisciplinary research works carried out on one of the most significant monuments in the scientifically little-explored subdistrict of Zhetysu – the burial grounds of Shubarat and Molaly in the vicinity of the village of Shamalgan in the Karasai district of the Almaty region. The stages of scientific work are described in detail, consisting of reconnaissance work within the administrative territory of the Shamalgan rural district, excavation of a wide range of monuments and carrying out a complex of security and popularization works aimed at protecting archaeological and ethnoarchaeological monuments within the Shubarat and Molaly burial grounds and preventing possible destructive conscious and unconscious actions of local residents, robbers, land users and others in relation to historical and cultural monuments. A number of new archaeological sites and ethnographic wintering sites of the late XIX - early XX centuries were recorded during exploration and prospecting. Within the limits of these monuments, both funerary and memorial monuments of the Saka-Wusun period and Kazakh wintering grounds of the ethnographic period have been studied. In the process of security and rescue operations, a set of works and measures have been carried out that have a positive impact and will have an impact on the preservation of priceless historical and cultural monuments. The results of the conducted complex of scientific works are summarized and the preliminary dates of all the studied monuments are given.
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Mishchenko, Maryna. "Determining the status of immovable objects of cultural heritage: features and existing problems." Culturology Ideas, no. 19 (1'2021) (2020): 135–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.37627/2311-9489-19-2021-1.135-143.
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This paper investigates issues related to modern features of determining the status of immovable cultural heritage sites as well as the accompanying practical aspects. The paper emphasizes that listing the object of cultural heritage in the State Register of Immovable Monuments of Ukraine by the category of national or local significance shows the object's special status and should guarantee that the state, represented by the bodies of authority, will take the necessary measures for its protection and preservation. It is stated and grounded that the currently existing format of the State Register is outdated; it was formed without having considered the available positive practical experience, new challenges of modern life and achievements of the technological progress. Thereby, it is necessary to change certain provisions of the current Law of Ukraine "On protection of cultural heritage", in particular, regarding the formation of the basic terminology of the monument protection sphere and the procedure for publishing information on state registration of cultural heritage sites. In order to form and store the data of the State Register of Immovable Monuments of Ukraine, it is necessary to use modern software adapted for the specific needs, and not just use the option of archiving available text documents.
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Berceanu, Bogdan. "Civic Engagement and Cultural Heritage." Civil Szemle 21, no. 2 (June 24, 2024): 77–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.62560/csz.2024.02.06.
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In the current global context, the cultural sector faces various challenges related to funding, access, and participation. This paper aims to identify potential pathways for civic initiatives. The purpose of this narrative article is to discuss the role of civic engagement in protecting cultural heritage goods when public authorities fail to do so. The Romanian Law of Preserving Cultural Monuments is central to this discussion. It delineates the responsibilities of both governmental and non-governmental entities in safeguarding the nation's cultural heritage. Thus, the Herculane Project- situated in Băile Herculane (Herculane Baths), initiated by a Romanian non-governmental organization (NGO) offers invaluable lessons on the dynamics between civil society, public administration authorities, and the preservation of cultural monuments. The work presents a qualitative analysis of the mechanisms through which civic engagement has influenced the trajectory of the Herculane Project. It explores how local communities, NGOs, and grassroots movements have mobilized to advocate for the preservation of Băile Herculane's cultural heritage. The conclusion of this paper aims to demonstrate the relevance of contemporary civil societies in preserving cultural heritage goods. It underlines how the best practices employed by the NGO in charge of the Herculane Project can be applied to other cases while considering the dynamics of cultural heritage preservation.
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Frolova, Yuliia. "THE DESTRUCTION FACTORS OF THE SOUTHERN UKRAINE FORTRESSES." Current Issues in Research, Conservation and Restoration of Historic Fortifications 17, no. 2022 (2022): 133–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.23939/fortifications2022.17.133.
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The article opens a series of thematic publications, which should outline the current state of preservation and destruction of historically important objects of cultural heritage - fortifications. Based on field studies of fortresses and available digital materials, the author derives a cause-and-effect algorithm for the destruction of 11 selected research objects. The description of the state of preservation includes a general description of the territory and objects of fortification, the identified losses. The article opens a cycle of thematic publications, which should outline the current state of preservation and destruction of historically important objects of cultural heritage - fortifications. On the basis of field studies of fortresses and available digital materials, the author derived a cause-and-effect algorithm for the destruction of 11 selected research objects. The description of the state of preservation includes a general description of the territory and objects of fortification, discovered losses. Annual monitoring of the state of preservation of fortifications is not a component of the reports of local and regional departments for the protection of monuments of immovable cultural heritage of Ukraine, the territory and objects of which are subordinate to the state. Brief information is found in the annual reports of archaeological expeditions, which describe the available remains of material substrates and found items of cultural layers (Collection, 1947-2022). In tourist and excursion reviews, which appear as author's articles and video tours (Butrov, 2021), we are often told which objects we can visit, brief popular information and historical figures. The authors do not deepen their publicly available reviews to the level of cause-and-effect relationships of the destruction, being guided by the general impression of visiting the sites of monuments of fortification art. Since the middle of the 20th century, interest in the fortresses of southern Ukraine (modern Odesa, Mykolaiv, and Kherson regions) has been traced in the publications of individual researchers of the Odessa Society of History and Antiquities ((Ivanyuk, 2011). Their works aim to specify, clarify historical events, deepen knowledge in fortification order the territory, introduce new historiographical sources into scientific circulation (Bertier-Delagarde, 1900) (Bertier-Delagarde, 1888) (Stamati, 1850). Only a limited number of researchers record the current state of fortresses, in particular, when creating security documentation or historical-architectural reference plans. The most relevant today are the descriptions of the terrain of the fortresses by historians and archaeologists Viktor Sapozhnikov, Andrii Krasnozhon, Iryna Stankevich (Karashevych), Oleksandr Stepanchenko, architect Viktor Vecherskyi. Currently, there are almost no detailed descriptions and studies of the material component of the architectural details of the buildings and the territory of the monuments, which mostly limits the introduction and use of modern materials during restoration and restoration. The method of work consists in a field survey, carried out under the condition of the possibility of architectural measurements and a mathematical calculation of the volume of losses of objects over the last hundred years. The starting model of the calculation is a three-dimensional model of the researched fortress created on the basis of archival drawings and images, which in general spatial parameters corresponds to the architectural dimensions. Part of the fortresses, in particular Ochakiv, Kinbourn and Kiliya, are currently completely lost objects, it is impossible to carry out architectural measurements of the remains, therefore three-dimensional models of fortress reconstructions are used in relative volumes, not actual ones. Two main groups of destruction factors were identified: anthropogenic and natural. Anthropogenic include: 1.1. Violation of the boundaries of the monument. which are defined in the IAOP, unauthorized or system land development; 1.2. Extraction of land, sand and arrangement of landfills for household waste. Mechanical destruction of earth lines of fortifications; 1.3. Use of landmark stones as building material by local residents; 1.4. Unregistered archaeological searches - black archaeologists; 1.5. General vandalism; 1.6. Fortification measures were carried out in an unprofessional manner; 1.7. Military operations. Currently, there is an important issue of entering the territories of fortification objects - fortresses, castles, fort posts - objects of fortification art of the south of Ukraine into the list of historical monuments of local importance, because in this way it is possible to achieve their rightful protection and conservation. Entering areas into protected zones, assigning a protected number and recognizing historical value becomes the reason for bringing the local population to criminal responsibility in case of conscious and unconscious destruction, littering, conducting illegal economic activities. The minimization of anthropogenic impact on the territory and the surviving material remains of objects of fortification art should become the basis for the implementation of monument protection measures. Natural factors include: 2.1. Weathering of earth and stone, falling of bricks or collapse of wall fragments; 2.2. Irrigation and wetting of the grounds of the attraction; 2.3. Brick wetting and biodamage The influence of climatic factors is almost impossible to stop, because they do not depend on the activities of the local population, and to minimize them - yes. Each project of monument protection measures or conservation project must include measures for amortization of climatic changes, take into account forecasts and calculation of possible risks of using materials and technical equipment on the territory of monuments of fortification art. Modern materials and mixtures of polymeric substances can protect limestone surfaces from intense insolation and erosion. Monitoring of the state of preservation should go from visual and quantitative (use of photo reports and measurements, installation of dynamic beacons) to digital - use soundings and calendar checks of the molecular composition of stone and plaster to check and clarify the factors of destruction, develop a program for mitigating climate impacts. Carrying out drainage works, draining or watering the necessary areas to ensure the equalization of microclimatic indicators, to prevent landslides or wind erosion. The study of microdendrology and stone biodamage of fortresses in southern Ukraine is rather limited or inaccessible to specialists in architecture and monument preservation. Currently, it is not known which algae, mosses and plants deteriorate the structure of the stone or contribute to its preservation. Exudation on the surface and inside the stone or brick manifests itself differently in different regions. Only the next molecular studies of the materials from which the monuments were built will provide a greater range of possibilities in the use of ancient fortification technologies or the introduction and invention of new restoration materials. The most dangerous are the illegal economic activities of the local population, the absence of warning signs, lack of information about fines and criminal liability, and monitoring of violations should be on the eve of significant restoration works. The community that will use the monument must be aware of the challenges and risks caused by careless treatment of the object of protection, in this case a monument of fortification art. Conducting joint seminars and training camps for children and teenagers with scientists will expand their awareness of the value of fortresses and adjacent territories, and will avoid vandalism and systematic littering of the territory based on the principle of "common open use". In the future, the wishes and demands of the community can be taken into account in the project of restoration and adaptation of monuments to the modern needs and functions of the community itself, thus we will get rid of the physical and cultural isolation of the monument and the user. In general, the fortification areas are filled unevenly, there is fragmentary preservation of individual structures or territories of the defensive field. The complete preservation of the fortification environment, in which all the constituent parts were present, was not found. The Akkerman fortress (47.5%) is classified as an incomplete integral state of preservation, and the Kherson, Izmail, and Perekop fortresses are classified as average (40%). These fortresses include the outer lines of defense lines, walls, gates and planning parcelling, fragments of the defensive field, and fortification inspection fronts. These fortresses are well located within the city center and are a popular place for recreation and public events. They require regulation of visiting regimes, discovery and emphasis of architectural and spatial qualities, improvement of the quality of exposition of the historical landscape. The Perekop Fortress requires separate preservation and exhibition measures, the development of which is currently problematic. The fragmentarily preserved fortresses (Kinburn and Kiliya) do not have significant spatial elements of fortification, are lost and built over, but their historical and cultural significance for modern Ukraine is important, the reproduction or exhibition of these objects is of state importance. Unfortunately, the lost fortresses (Tatar-Bunar, Yeni-Duniya, Ochakiv, Kuchuk Hasan Pasha, Khadzhibey) do not have resources for architectural or landscape reproduction, their territory is completely built-up and degraded, they are in the state of an archaeological monument. Risks of further loss of historical-architectural and spatial qualities were identified for all the examined fortresses. The integrity of the historical landscapes of fortresses directly depends on the economic activity of local residents. Due to agriculture, the Ajider fortress may lose part of the defensive moat and be built up by private sector economic structures. Active clogging of fortress grounds leads to loss of interest in visiting, general aesthetic properties of panoramas. The littering and remoteness of the earthen lines of Izmail's fortifications, bordering with the fences of industrial territories creates a depressing impression, a sense of danger. Also, active earthworks can destroy the geometry of the profile of the earthen bastions of the fortress. The lost fortresses (Tatar-Bunar, Yeni-Duniya, Ochakiv, Kuchuk Hasan Pasha, Hadjibey, Kiliya, Kinburn) were subjected to a complex of destructive factors for a long time. The Yeni-Duniya fortress, which was dismantled for the purpose of building a new fort post and setting up a gun bridgehead, was completely destroyed in one moment. The Hadjibey fortress was destroyed in order to arrange a park and a recreation and festival area. The territory of the Kuchuk Hasan Pasha fort was rebuilt recently, so it is impossible to determine the extent and factors of the structure's destruction, stating only that it was a deliberate reconstruction. Tatar-bunar fortress, one of the examples of gradual natural and anthropogenic destruction, part of its bricks were used for construction of surrounding buildings, the rest – has undergone natural erosion. It is known that some of the large white brick blocks of Fort Kinbourn were used by the locals as building material, and then the estuary and the wind completely buried any remains of the mighty fortress in the sand.
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Mishchenko, Maryna. "Regional features of protection of cultural heritage objects in the conditions of new challenges of modernity." Culturology Ideas, no. 22 (2'2022) (2022): 148–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.37627/2311-9489-22-2022-2.148-157.
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The aim of this paper is to analyze the regional features of protection of objects of cultural heritage of different regions of Ukraine in the conditions of new challenges of modernity, in particular in view of russian military invasion of the territory of our state. Methodology. The author uses as a methodological basis of this study the principles and methods of the cultural approach to the analysis of numerous publications, practical experience and norms of national legislation on the protection of cultural heritage. Results. It is determined that in most of the analyzed areas the quantitative indicator of monuments belongs to those factors that influence the implementation and variable component of the set of measures for the protection of cultural heritage of specific regions. At the same time, a significant number of monuments is not a guarantee of effective implementation of these measures by local authorities and the appropriate level of development of the monument protection sphere. It is necessary to investigate more thoroughly initiatives of foreign partners on digitizing of objects of cultural heritage of Ukraine. As the adopted activity is connected not only to mechanical preservation of information about them, it can assist further renewal of the monuments, which might be damaged in the conditions of war. Novelty. The guard of objects of cultural heritage of our state in the conditions of military intervention fully depends on a base criterion — that, what region they are in — conditionally "safe" or on territories, that temporally are not being controlled by Ukrainian government, and also whether there is the real possibility to take urgent guard measures. Therefore one of the effective methods of guard of monuments is “physical” protection in the localities where for this purpose there are necessary facilities.
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Wang, R. W. C. "Culture heritage and identity – some cases in Taiwan on the protection of cultural heritage." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XL-5/W7 (September 11, 2015): 539–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xl-5-w7-539-2015.
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The protection of cultural heritage relates to an issue of identity. How a nation or a state tries to face to its history is often revealed on the protection of cultural heritage. Taiwan is as a country with complex history, especially the period after World War II. This article will work on some significant cases, regarded as ideological representation of identity. <br><br> This article works on the cultural identity by observing and analyzing different cases of classified Historic Monuments. In different political periods, we see how the government tries to fabricate on the identity issue by working on Historic Monuments preservation. During the presidency of Chiang Kai-shek and his son Chiang Ching-kuo, the classification of Historic Monuments tried to focus on those make by former Chinese migrants. They tried hard to establish and reaffirm the ever existing “fact” of people in Taiwan. Whereas after the late 1980s and 1990s, after Chiang’s reign, local conscience has been awaken. Political ambience turned to a new era. This freedom of speech of post-Chiang’s reign encourages people to seek on their identity. The complex political situation of Taiwan makes this seeking cultural identity related to the seeking of independence of Taiwan. The respect to the aboriginal people also reoriented to include the preservation of their tribes and villages.
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Kassenali, A. Ye, S. G. Yessen, and Iskakov A.Sh. "Research works on the burial monument of the time of Jochi Ulus in the Ulytau district." Bulletin of the Karaganda university History.Philosophy series 106, no. 2 (June 30, 2022): 85–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.31489/2022hph2/85-96.
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On the territory of the Ulytau district there are many cities, settlements, mausoleums and burials reflecting the material culture of the Ulus of Jochi era. Burial monuments are one of such legacies. The subject of this article is the burial place in the Jochi Khan complex. The paper presents the research results of this monument. The cultural identity of the burial, revealed during archaeological excavations, was identified by comparative methods of studying the external structure and burial traditions. Numismatic examination of the found coin allowed to establish the date of minting and the date of its introduction into circulation. At the same time, an anthropological description was made on the skeleton of the buried woman, and it turned out that she was a woman aged 20–25 years. The time of her life was determined by the radiocarbon dating method and included in the list of monuments dating back to the middle of the 14th century. The absence of any pathological changes in anthropological features and the solemn burial ceremony with clothes suggested that the buried person had a high social status. In addition, opinions were expressed concerning the spiritual values and household rituals of the local population, considering the peculiarities of the funeral tradition. In particular, in the period from the middle of the 14th to the 15th centuries, the foundations were formed related to the predominance of Muslim signs in the tradition of human burial and the preservation of traditions associated with the Tengrian beliefs of the local population.
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Vileikis, O., E. Escalante Carrillo, S. Allayarov, and A. Feyzulayev. "DOCUMENTATION FOR PRESERVATION: METHODOLOGY AND A GIS DATABASE OF THREE WORLD HERITAGE CITIES IN UZBEKISTAN." ISPRS Annals of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences IV-2/W2 (August 17, 2017): 311–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-annals-iv-2-w2-311-2017.
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The historic cities of Uzbekistan are an irreplaceable legacy of the Silk Roads. Currently, Uzbekistan counts with four UNESCO World Heritage Properties, with hundreds of historic monuments and traditional historic houses. However, lack of documentation, systematic monitoring and a digital database, of the historic buildings and dwellings within the historic centers, are threatening the World Heritage properties and delaying the development of a proper management mechanism for the preservation of the heritage and an interwoven city urban development. Unlike the monuments, the traditional historic houses are being demolished without any enforced legal protection, leaving no documentation to understand the city history and its urban fabric as well of way of life, traditions and customs over the past centuries. To fill out this gap, from 2008 to 2015, the Principal Department for Preservation and Utilization of Cultural Objects of the Ministry of Culture and Sports of Uzbekistan with support from the UNESCO Office in Tashkent, and in collaboration with several international and local universities and institutions, carried out a survey of the Historic Centre of Bukhara, Itchan Kala and Samarkand Crossroad of Cultures. The collaborative work along these years have helped to consolidate a methodology and to integrate a GIS database that is currently contributing to the understanding of the outstanding heritage values of these cities as well as to develop preservation and management strategies with a solid base of heritage documentation.
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Nepliuev, P. A. "PUBLIC HISTORY “IN A SOVIET WAY”. REGIONAL BRANCHES OF THE ALL-RUSSIAN SOCIETY FOR THE PROTECTION OF HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL MONUMENTS: “BUREAUCRATIC RULES OF THE GAME” AND HISTORICAL AND CULTURAL AC-TIVISM." Вестник Пермского университета. История, no. 3(58) (2022): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.17072/2219-3111-2022-3-79-93.
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The idea of searching for a local identity through the study of the culture and history of a place acquired a special scope in the 1960s and 1970s in many countries of the world. During this period, the emergence of public history, local history, microhistory, and oral history has radically changed academic history. The Soviet Union did not stand aside. Here, the traditions of historical and cultural activism were closely tied with the local lore movement (or kraevedenie), rooted in the pre-revolutionary period. To some extent, the traditions of local lore movement in the Soviet Union developed in parallel with public history. Local lore initiatives were restored after their temporary suppression in Stalin's time, movements were created to preserve historical and cultural monuments. Many noted scientists, culturologists, publicists and even Communist Party officials were speaking about traditions and preservation of regional culture. In the 1960s – 1980s, millions of Soviet citizens were included in the activities of the All-Russian Society for the Protection of Monuments of History and Culture (Vserossiyskoe Obshhestvo Ohrany Pamyatnikov Istorii i Kul'tury, or VOOPIK) and search movements for the study and preservation of places of revolutionary, military and labor glory. This research analyzes their activities, on the basis of archival documents of VOOPIK, as well as memoires, official reports and oral interviews of movement activists. Moreover, the question is raised about the possibility of inscribing public history in a longer and larger context. The author analyzes the “letters to the government” from ordinary Soviet citizens as an example of historical and cultural activism. A study of the use of public spaces in Soviet Russia could help us join the broad discussion about Soviet Union and its relation to the world. Was it really a unique, isolated project, unlike the rest of the world community, or a part of this community with similar processes and cultural code?
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admin, admin, and Subbiah Bharathi Venkatachalam. "A Machine Learning Approach for Automated Detection and Classification of Cracks in Ancient Monuments using Image Processing Techniques." Journal of Cybersecurity and Information Management 14, no. 2 (2024): 214–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.54216/jcim.140215.
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Stone monuments stand as enduring testaments to human history and cultural heritage, yet they are susceptible to deterioration over time. In this paper, we propose a comprehensive approach for the automated detection and classification of cracks in ancient monuments, integrating machine learning and advanced image processing techniques. Our method addresses the pressing need for efficient and objective assessment of structural integrity in these invaluable artifacts. The proposed algorithm begins with preprocessing steps, including image enhancement using adaptive histogram equalization to improve crack visibility. Subsequently, feature extraction techniques such as Grey Level Co-occurrence Matrix (GLCM) and Local Binary Pattern (LBP) are applied to capture essential characteristics of crack patterns. Central to our approach are the Back Propagation Neural Network (BPNN) and Improved Support Vector Machine (ISVM) classifiers, which are trained on the extracted features to detect and classify cracks with high accuracy. The BPNN learns complex relationships between input features and crack types, while the ISVM leverages a margin-based approach for robust classification. Through extensive experimentation on a diverse dataset of ancient monuments, we demonstrate the effectiveness of our approach in accurately identifying and categorizing cracks. The proposed method offers a scalable and objective solution for monitoring the structural health of ancient monuments, contributing to proactive conservation efforts and the preservation of cultural heritage.
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Tokarev, Arthur. "Architectural Heritage of the Avant-Garde era in Southern Russia." TERRITORIO, no. 91 (June 2020): 87–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3280/tr2019-091009.
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This research explores Southern Russian architecture from the mid-1920s to 1930s considering issues of continuity, tradition, and innovation. The scope of the research comprises both well-known architectural monuments commissioned to Soviet leading professionals as well as a group of little-known architectural structures. In the paper, it is concluded that despite the fact that this period is usually associated with the widespread Soviet Avant-Garde style of architecture, the influence of other stylistic movements, such as Traditionalism and Art Deco, was also very strong. The research specifically focuses on the problem of heritage preservation. The heritage protection status does not guarantee the preservation of a building. Paradoxically, the smaller a township and the poorer the local economy, the better the state of historical architectural objects.
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Filippov, V. R. "War in Mali: Destruction of Timbuktu Monuments." Izvestiya of Altai State University, no. 5(133) (December 9, 2023): 70–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.14258/izvasu(2023)5-11.
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The historical and cultural heritage of the region contains a powerful potential for its preservation and development. The more vividly colored the cultural specificity of the region, more precisely, the cultural peculiarity (and isolation) of the people living in the territory of this region, the greater the historical depth of the cultural tradition that determines the specifics of the population of the region, the more stable the local subculture (in this context, the totality of people having common features of culture and corresponding identity), the more cohesive, more stable the social group.
The destruction of the historical cultural heritage, the discrediting of culture, the destruction of the cultural symbols of a particular social community inevitably entails the blurring of its boundaries, the destruction of stable social ties, and the loss of collectively shared values. During the armed confrontation between government troops and jihadist gangs in the Republic of Mali, jihadists captured the ancient cultural capital of the Sahel, the city of Timbuktu.
Islamists destroyed ancient mosques and mausoleums, burned ancient manuscripts and libraries in which they were stored. It was an attempt to prevent the formation of a single national community and to prevent the creation of a multicultural nation-state.
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Guarnizo Sánchez, Néstor Andrés, Sandy Angelina Mosquera Muñoz, and Mishell Paola Rubiano Pimiento. "Actualización del inventario de monumentos en espacios públicos en la ciudad de Ibagué, Colombia." Córima, Revista de Investigación en Gestión Cultural 9, no. 16 (January 1, 2024): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.32870/cor.a9n16.7442.
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This research study focused on the identificationand detailed characterization of movable property in the city of Ibagué, following the guidelines provided by the Colombian Ministry of Culture. The methodology implemented included a rigorous cartographic and photographic record of monuments located in public spaces. A qualitative approach was used that involved the review of legal aspects at the local, national, and international levels, as well as fundamental concepts related to heritage conservation. The research process included the delimitation of the study area and the creation of a preliminary list, followed by the detailed development of inventory sheets. This provided an in-depth understanding of the origins, history, materiality, dimensions, and other significant aspects of each monument studied.In addition, special attention was paid to the value of these assets in the local context, and their importance in the configuration of the urban landscape and the construction of the cultural identity of the musical capital was recognized. This work not only contributes to the knowledge of the city's movable heritage, but also underlines the relevance and intrinsic value of these assets in the public space, highlighting their role in the preservation of cultural identity and the historical legacy of future generations.
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Krasny, Piotr. "Ruins of sacred buildings: ideological message and problems of its preservation." Protection of Cultural Heritage, no. 10 (February 22, 2021): 45–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.35784/odk.2439.
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The ruin is a building, whose shape is deformed and decoration have suffered significant loses. So the viewer’s attention is attracted by the ideological message of ruins, which is always different from the set of meanings of the complete edifice, and often contradicts it. This is clearly seen in the case of sacred buildings. In the 16th and 17th centuries Roman Catholic writers claimed, that the ruins of pagan temples in Rome are monuments of the ancient Roman Empire’s power, but their current state clearly shows the defeat of paganism and triumph of Christianity. The prelates thought that it was necessary to take care of the ruins, but they should not be rebuilt. Protestant writers in the British Isles took a similar attitude to the local ruins of monastic temples, seeing in them a clear manifestation of the fall of the “papist religion” and the triumph of Protestantism. During the French Revolution, remains of the ruined churches were consciously preserved as monuments of the decline of Christianity and the triumph of the new cult of reason. So rejection of the religion granted protection to ruins of sacred buildings. However the religious indifference growing in many communities causes problems with determining the place of such ruins in public space. Reducing them to the role of bizarre "street furniture" (eg the church of Saint-Livier in Metz), causes their ideological neglection, often contributes to their material destruction. Preventing such situation seems to be an important challenge for conservators dealing with the problem of "permanent ruin".
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Fangi, G. "ALEPPO - BEFORE AND AFTER." ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLII-2/W9 (January 31, 2019): 333–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xlii-2-w9-333-2019.
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<p><strong>Abstract.</strong> In October 2018 I was in Aleppo, Syria, for my second time after the visit in 2010 before the war. It was an unique opportunity to perform 3D surveys of some noticeable buildings and monuments affected by the war. The paper shows some 3D results and comparisons for same monuments. The objects of the survey are some parts of the Citadel walls, the entrance tower of the Citadel, the southern tower, one mosque, the minaret of the Citadel mosque. These results prove undoubtedly that photogrammetry is an essential instrument for the 3D documentation and digital preservation of cultural heritage. The used technique is spherical photogrammetry, based on panoramic images and ad-hoc processing processes. The technique is very much suitable for heritage documentation and if will be transferred to the students of the local faculty of architecture.</p>
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Pikalova, Vasilina, and Dmitry Pikalov. "Commemorative practices in the system of Soviet ideology in the 1920s (based on the materials of the Istparts of the North Caucasus)." OOO "Zhurnal "Voprosy Istorii" 2022, no. 10-2 (October 1, 2022): 20–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.31166/voprosyistorii202210statyi41.
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In modern Russia, the problem of the formation of civic identity remains urgent, in connection with which considerable attention is paid to the commemoration, that is, the preservation in the historical memory of society of ideas about the most significant events of the collective past, acting as the basis for the continuity of generations. The article analyzes the main directions of the activities of Istparts of the North Caucasus in the process of commemoration of the important historical events significant from the point of view of the Soviet power institutions - the October Revolution and the Civil War. The authors consider such methods of commemoration of the historical monuments of the North Caucasus as the organization of evenings of memories, the creation of exhibitions and museums of the revolution, the preparation of award lists to honor local heroes, the renaming of settlements and the opening of monuments.
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Maadyr, M. S., and Sh R. Khorlushtay. "Book Monuments in the National Museum of the Republic of Tyva." Bibliosphere, no. 2 (May 29, 2023): 35–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.20913/1815-3186-2023-2-35-43.
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One of the urgent problems of domestic librarianship is highlighted, namely, the composition and content of book monuments stored in regional centers. These include the Aldan-Maadyr National Museum of the Republic of Tyva, one of the subjects of the Siberian Federal District of the Russian Federation. In 2011 the rare book sector was created in the museum, which concentrates the book monuments. The purpose of the article is to analyze printed publications published in the Tuvan People’s Republic, and now are the part of the book monuments of the National Museum of the Republic. It describes their composition, content and state of preservation. Newspapers, magazines, books, brochures and other types of printed products issued in the Tuvan People’s Republic give an idea of the state of the book culture of the country existed for twenty-three years: from 1921 to 1944. It shows the origin of printing and its development and graphic basis of local book publishing, its thematic repertoire and other aspects. The article gives recommendations on treatment of printed publications of the Tuvan People’s Republic, which can help to expand the directions and topics of museum information, educational, educational activities intended for the general public.
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Cahyani, Vinda Regita, and Lutfiah Ayundasari. "Merawat Ingatan Sejarah Lokal Peristiwa Berdarah Pada Agresi Militer II di Desa Peniwen Melalui Monumen Peniwen Affair Malang." Fajar Historia: Jurnal Ilmu Sejarah dan Pendidikan 7, no. 2 (December 30, 2023): 48–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.29408/fhs.v7i2.12301.
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The Peniwen Affair Monument is one of the monuments located in Peniwen Village, Malang Regency. This monument was erected as a form of appreciation and to commemorate the services of health heroes (PMR) and victims who died during the Bloody Incident during the Second Military Aggression. However, currently, the existence of the Peniwen Affair monument is still underestimated by some local people and even regional government agencies. Researchers consider it important to write a historical study regarding the Peniwen Affair monument with the aim of maintaining historical memory. This research uses a historical method which consists of four stages, namely heuristics, criticism, interpretation and historiography. The Peniwen Affair Monument has the potential for interesting and unique historical tourism so that it can become an icon of community pride. The Peniwen Affair Monument is also clear evidence of the atrocities of KNIL soldiers during the Second Military Aggression in Peniwen Village. The KNIL soldiers' atrocities against the people of Peniwen sparked protests by the Peniwen Christian Congregation led by Ds. Martodipuro to the World Church World Church Council (WCC). This protest was responded to internationally and resulted in world condemnation of the Netherlands for human rights violations and the murder of health workers which was a war crime. Several efforts to revive and remember the history of the Bloody Events of 1949 have begun to exist, but they are limited to a few community groups. This should receive attention and receive support, especially from regional government agencies, especially in maintaining the historical preservation of the Peniwen Affair Monument. Apart from that, it is hoped that the history of the Peniwen Affair Monument can also be presented in learning activities through local history lessons with the aim of maintaining historical memory.Monumen Peniwen Affair merupakan salah satu monumen yang terletak di Desa Peniwen, Kabupaten Malang. Monumen ini didirikan sebagai bentuk penghargaan dan untuk mengenang jasa para pahlawan kesehatan (PMR) serta korban yang telah gugur saat Peristiwa Berdarah pada Agresi Militer II. Namun pada saat ini, keberadaan monumen Peniwen Affair masih dipandang sebelah mata oleh sebagian masyarakat setempat bahkan instansi pemerintahan daerah. Peneliti memandang penting penulisan kajian sejarah mengenai monumen Peniwen Affair dengan tujuan untuk merawat ingatan sejarah. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode sejarah yang terdiri atas empat tahap, yaitu heuristik, kritik, interpretasi, dan historiografi. Monumen Peniwen Affair memiliki potensi wisata sejarah yang menarik serta unik sehingga dapat menjadi suatu ikon kebanggaan masyarakat. Monumen Peniwen Affair juga merupakan salah satu bukti nyata kekejaman tentara KNIL saat Agresi Militer II di Desa Peniwen. Kekejaman tentara KNIL terhadap masyarakat Peniwen memicu aksi protes Jemaat Kristen Peniwen yang dipimpin oleh Ds. Martodipuro ke Gereja Dunia World Church Council (WCC). Protes ini ditanggapi oleh internasional dan berujung pada kecaman dunia kepada Belanda atas pelanggaran HAM serta pembunuhan tenaga kesehatan yang merupakan kejahatan perang. Beberapa upaya untuk menghidupkan dan mengingat kembali sejarah Peristiwa Berdarah tahun 1949 sudah mulai ada, namun sebatas beberapa kelompok masyarakat. Seharusnya hal tersebut dapat menjadi perhatian dan mendapat dukungan, terutama dari pihak instansi pemerintahan daerah utamanya dalam menjaga kelestarian sejarah Monumen Peniwen Affair. Selain itu, diharapkan sejarah dari Monumen Peniwen Affair juga dapat dihadirkan dalam kegiatan pembelajaran melalui pembelajaran sejarah lokal dengan tujuan untuk merawat ingatan sejarah.
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Golat, Rafał. "SUPERVISION OF MUSEUM ACTIVITY." Muzealnictwo 62 (August 25, 2021): 208–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0015.2413.
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Supervision of museums should be perceived taking into account both specific regulations: addressed directly to museums, particularly in the Act on Museums, as well as general regulations assuming supervision mechanisms in different respects, e.g., construction process or HR. This complex perspective: systemic and normative, is essential not only with respect to the supervision in a narrow basic meaning of the term, associated in the first place with an inspection of the supervised entity and application of respective executive actions, e.g., undertaken in the form of administrative decisions, but also the supervision in a broader perspective, understood as a whole range of support provided to a museum, including issuing recommendations, evaluations, and opinions important for its operation. In the context of ‘external’ supervision implemented by appropriate organs and entities, the following are of basic importance: the museum’s organiser (founder) supervision, constituting one of the organiser’s basic statutory responsibilities, as well as the supervision of the minister responsible for culture and preservation of national heritage, with respect to e.g., the preservation and care of historic monuments and museum operations; additionally, it is the matter of conservation supervision performed by Voivodeship Conservators of Historic Monuments as organs specialized in the preservation and care of historic monuments, the latter constituting, e.g., museum collections. As for the ‘internal’ supervision aspects, the role of museum councils, obligatory in public museums (state ones or organised by local governments), needs to be emphasized. Their statutory responsibility is to e.g., supervise how museums fulfil their responsibilities with respect to the collection and the public, in particular how they fulfil the goals as specified in Art.1 of the Act on Museums. The questions of supervision are also important for non-public museums (their founders) which in the event of violating either the Act’s provisions or their own charter have to be prepared that supervisory activities might be applied to them, up to the ban on their further operations.
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Najimi, Abdul Wasay. "The restored mausoleum of Abu'l-Walid in Herat: Challenges in heritage restoration in Afghanistan." Afghanistan 1, no. 2 (October 2018): 302–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/afg.2018.0019.
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This is an account of the contemporary reconstruction of Abu'l-Walid complex (mosque and mausoleum) in Herat, the burial-place of a widely-respected-Muslim scholar of the third/ninth century. This structure was destroyed by aerial bombardment in 1985. Part of the complex was restored as a post-war measure to rehabilitate social and educational space for the inhabitants and children of the nearby village. The project also trained young architects and masons of Herat in the conservation of historic buildings. The mausoleum remained in ruins until the Department of Herat Monuments (DoHM) with support of local resources and pious endowments (waqf), reconstructed it between 2004 and 2007. Restoration of heritage buildings is a challenge in Afghanistan today. Absence of public awareness of the value of cultural heritages, government's limited technical capacity combined with scarcity of funds for preservation, and lack of budget for post-conservation maintenance, exacerbates the challenges of safeguarding historic sites and monuments.
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Bradecki, Tomasz, and Barbara Uherek-Bradecka. "Preservation, Reconstruction or Conversion - Contemporary Challenge for Historic Urban Areas and Historic Buildings." Advanced Engineering Forum 12 (November 2014): 115–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.12.115.
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The problem of preservation, reconstruction and conversion of historic urban layouts and historic buildings have been discussed in the article. Although some of the urban layouts and structures are not monuments by formal means, they are often being well protected by local law (Local Development Plans). Both the quantity of the original structures (very few remained original - many objects within the layout have been already converted) and the quality of the original substance and architectural layout - to little space, many elements which need reconstruction - allow to raise a question: Does preservation or reconstruction still make sense, and does conversion should be allowed. Several case studies have been discussed: Wolf's Throat in Gliwice (Glaubenstatt) - urban village layout set up by Germans in 1941, design for house conversion in Wolfsthroat and also Szobiszowice (Schobischowitz) in Gliwice - one of the urban neighbourhoods layout set up by Germans before the II-nd world. Authors of the article are practicing architects: theory versus practice have been discussed. keywords: historic buildings, historic urban layout, historic district, reconstruction, convertion
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Fedorova, Lorina, and Anastasiya Ryabchuk. "Goals, obstacles and focus of heritage preservation activists in Ukrainian cities." NaUKMA Research Papers. Sociology 4 (October 8, 2021): 60–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.18523/2617-9067.2021.4.60-72.
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Preservation of historic heritage is a prevalent question in urban social movements in Ukraine. This article focuses on heritage preservation activists’ experiences, including both movements to preserve specific historic sites and monuments, and movements against destruction of the historic environment more generally. We begin by conceptualizing key concepts of heritage preservation movement and offering a background of heritage preservation in a post-soviet setting. This overview is followed by a summary of research findings based on eleven semi-structured interviews with heritage protection activists in major Ukrainian cities. Their activity can be classified firstly based on the strategy of impact (top-down or bottomup); secondly, on the type of historic monuments that they want to preserve (classical architecture, modern (Soviet) architecture and small architectural forms); thirdly, on the territorial scale of their activity (local, municipal or regional); and finally, on their activities (cultural and artistic, political, media and awarenessraising, community-building, etc.).Challenges, identified by activists in their work, were classified as external (related to structural and contextual difficulties), and internal (individual challenges and group dynamics, related to lack of time, resources and institutional knowledge). More generally, the heritage preservation movement in Ukraine is identified by activists as fragmented, reactive, and marked by high institutionalization of grassroots activities and their cooptation. Activists are reflexive of their role in historic preservation and present themselves as the voice of the general public. They identify their impact as creating public resonance, a wide network of passive allies, institutional (as well as internal management) experience for activist initiatives. At the same time, however, they have little faith in the possibility of achieving broader strategic goals. Thus, despite their impact and efficiency in defending specific historic sites, activists are unable to preserve historic heritage in Ukrainian cities on their own. Potential future research includes conducting interviews not only with activists of large cities, but also of smaller towns, as well as using a multi-method approach and supplementing interviews with content-analysis of activists’ public statements, as well as taking into consideration the voices of other interested agents in the heritage preservation movement.
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Mankevich, Dmitrii V., and Maxim E. Megem. "International heritage in the memorial landscape of the Kaliningrad region." Baltic Region 15, no. 2 (2023): 139–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.5922/2079-8555-2023-2-8.
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This article aims to analyse the structure of sites in the Kaliningrad region commemorating events, phenomena or figures of international history, as well as to reveal their symbolic significance. The study uses empirical data on the origin, time of construction and purpose of the monuments, memorials and other places of commemoration. Theoretically, it draws on the concepts of cultural memory and sites of memory. The idiographic and historiographic methods were employed along with general scientific methods. At the core of the region’s international memorial landscape structure are sites commemorating the German past of the area or linked to Lithuanian and, less frequently, Polish national cultures. The structure of the memorial heritage is largely a product of the selective preservation of pre-war monuments and constructions in the Soviet period and post-Soviet commemorative activities in the Kaliningrad region, ‘a region of cooperation’. Its most substantial, German, component is a complex symbolic system honouring the intellectual culture of East Prussia and its prominent figures. And, not unlike its Lithuanian and Polish components, it lacks inner unity. Most of the memorial objects examined have been integrated into all-Russian or regional historical narratives and corresponding discourses. Reflecting the ‘Russian story line’ in the local history, it has been appropriated by the local culture of memory.
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Keller, Roger, Mélanie Clivaz, Emmanuel Reynard, and Norman Backhaus. "Increasing Landscape Appreciation through the Landscape Services Approach. A Case Study from Switzerland." Sustainability 11, no. 20 (October 21, 2019): 5826. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11205826.
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Switzerland uses various instruments to protect and maintain its natural resources and the environment. The federal inventory “Landscapes and Natural Monuments of National Importance” documents 19 percent of Switzerland’s land surface. It aims for the permanent preservation or greatest possible protection of these environments. This inventory’s records of impact (knowledge by the population) and acceptance (in particular by local authorities) would benefit from improvements. Based on expert interviews and observations in five pilot regions, this study highlights the obstacles and possible solutions to the goal of increasing appreciation of landscapes of national importance. The study develops recommendations for action for different stakeholders (the federal state, cantons, local authorities, NGOs and associations, economic actors) in three areas: (i) communication, information, and dialogue, (ii) cooperation between stakeholders, and (iii) support from federal and cantonal agencies.
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Djuraeva, Sanabar N., Mahfuza F. Alimova, Akhmedova Mubarak, Nurmat E. Mukhamadiev, and Anvar M. Djuraev. "Historiographical Analysis of Tashkent-Medieval Religious Architectural Monuments." Journal of Law and Sustainable Development 11, no. 12 (December 27, 2023): e2693. http://dx.doi.org/10.55908/sdgs.v11i12.2693.
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Objectives: The primary objectives of this article encompass an in-depth exploration of Tashkent (Shosh) as a pivotal hub along the Great Silk Road, delving into its multifaceted roles in the socio-political, cultural, and spiritual realms of Central Asia. Additionally, the study aims to elucidate the significant contributions made by Sufism representatives and scholars to the advancement of Islamic science. Furthermore, the objectives include examining the construction of urban structures, architectural marvels, mausoleums, mosques, and madrasahs in Tashkent during the XV-XVIII centuries. The article seeks to unravel the formation of a distinctive oriental school of Islamic architecture and conduct an analysis of the lifestyle of the local population based on historical sources.
Methods: The chosen methodology involves a comprehensive investigation into historical records and sources to uncover valuable insights into the socio-political landscape of Turkestan at the close of the 19th century and the initial decades of the 20th century. The article employs a research approach to elucidate the Russian authorities' stance towards architectural monuments and religious shrines in Tashkent. It also incorporates a study of how Russian scientists and local researchers have delved into the history of cultural monuments. The methodology extends to a comparative analysis and addresses historiographical concerns related to the treatment of historical cultural objects. Moreover, the article explores issues surrounding the preservation of these objects and outlines measures for the development of pilgrimage tourism.
Results: The findings of the research shed light on the multifaceted roles played by Tashkent in Central Asia's socio-political, cultural, and spiritual spheres. The article reveals the noteworthy contributions of Sufism representatives and scholars to the advancement of Islamic science. Additionally, the study unveils details about the construction of urban structures, architectural landmarks, mausoleums, mosques, and madrasahs during the XV-XVIII centuries. It presents insights into the formation of an exceptional oriental school of Islamic architecture and offers an analysis of the lifestyle of the local population based on historical sources. The examination of social and political life in Turkestan during the late 19th and early 20th centuries, along with the Russian authorities' attitudes towards cultural monuments, forms a significant part of the results.
Conclusion: In conclusion, the article consolidates the obtained insights and addresses historiographical concerns related to the treatment of historical cultural objects. It emphasizes the importance of preserving these cultural heritage sites and highlights measures for the development of pilgrimage tourism. The study concludes by underlining the integral role of Tashkent in Central Asian history, showcasing its cultural richness, and advocating for the continued appreciation and conservation of its architectural and historical treasures.
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Kochkarov, Umar Yu, Vladimir Yu Malashev, Azamat U. Akhmarov, and Sergey S. Gorlanov. "ARCHAEOLOGICAL EXPLORATION IN THE ITUM-KALINSKY DISTRICT OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC IN 2021." History, Archeology and Ethnography of the Caucasus 18, no. 3 (October 10, 2022): 861–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.32653/ch183861-872.
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The article presents the results of archaeological surveys conducted in 2021 on the territory of lands allocated for economic development under the project “Construction of a Tower Small Hydroelectric Power Station on the Argun River in the Itum-Kalinsky district of the Chechen Republic”. The purpose of the work was to localize on the ground and clarify the location of cultural heritage objects relative to the above-mentioned land plot, to ensure the preservation of archaeological monuments known from archival data located in the area of construction work, to identify new archaeological monuments in order to register them for state registration, protection and introduction into scientific circulation. During the work, the previously known objects of cultural heritage “Ushkaloy watchtowers-twins”, “Ushkaloy burial ground” were examined and two new objects of cultural heritage were identified: the complex of archaeological monuments “Bashin-Kali”, including the remains of the fortification of the Caucasian war period “Bashin-Kali” of the 19th century (built in 1858), two destroyed burial grounds of the early Iron Age – the Middle Ages and the settlement of the Bronze Age, as well as the burial ground “Guchum-Kali”. The works included the study of agricultural terraces of the economic territory of Guchum-Kali village. On the territory, in some places, several foundations of residential and outbuildings have been recorded, according to local residents, dating back to the period of the 30-40s of the XX century. The laying of pits on the terraces revealed the presence of materials dating back to the 19th-20th centuries. The high saturation of the exploration site with monuments opens up prospects for further study of the territory not only of the Itum-Kalinsky district, but also the study of archaeological monuments of the mountainous regions of Chechnya as a whole.
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Yaremchuk, Valentyna. "Yurii Shumovskyi’s Local Lore Research in Volhynia as a Manifestation of Scientific Research of Ethnographic Heritage of the Ukrainian People." Ethnic History of European Nations, no. 64 (2021): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2518-1270.2021.64.09.
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The research into the history of the development of the historical local lore in Ukraine at the beginning of the XX century is important because it was then that due to the efforts of many representatives of the Volhynian intelligentsia on the territory of the Western Volhynia occupied by Poland in 1919–1939 that the local lore movement began. Yurii Shumovskyi (1908–2003) was one of the mentioned representatives of the Volhynian intelligentsia. He was a scientist, a priest, an archaeologist, and an ethnographer. During his studies at the University of Warsaw, he was delegated by the Polish Archaeological Museum to the territory of Dubno County to study archaeological sites. The relevance of the research topic is that the currently existing knowledge does not provide complete information about the role and contribution of Yurii Shumovskyi into the development of the historical local lore of the above stated period. The purpose of the article is to characterize the scientist’s contribution into the development of the historical local lore in Volhynia, outlining the results of Shumovskyi’s search for the ethnographic heritage of the Ukrainian people. The article explores and discusses the contribution of Yu. Shumovskyi into the development of the historical local lore that lay in deepening knowledge of Ukrainians as regards the ancient past of historical Volhynia. Moreover, it assesses the scientist’s actions aimed at promoting the preservation of historical cultural monuments through publishing the materials covering local history research. In addition, the methodical recommendations provided by the scientist concerning the discovery and preservation of historical and archaeological monuments on the territory of Volhynia (guidelines as regards methods of work near them, their classification and description) are considered in detail. The study of roadside crosses is presented separately (history of their distribution, features of veneration, meaning and belief). The article also discusses the scientist’s reconstruction of the description of the history of the Volhynian region which includes: characteristics of the gradual cultural development of this area together with the information on the economy, crafts (pottery), methods of trade; coverage of rituals (ancestral worship), features of traditional clothing and jewelry, diet and the spread of diseases among ancient Ukrainians. Based on the results of the study, it has been established that Yurii Shumovskyi’s local history activities stimulated the study of the history of his native land among the local population, which contributed to the awareness of Ukrainians of the need for unity in the struggle for national liberation.