Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Premenstrual syndrome'
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1
Reardon, Constance R. "Exercise and premenstrual syndrome." Virtual Press, 1986. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/471854.
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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a term used to describe a number of symptoms affecting women approximately two weeks prior to menstruation, and ceasing with the onset of menstrual flow. The general physiological and psychological adaptations to training suggest that physical activity could lessen some PMS symptoms. Therefore, the purpose of this study was twofold: 1) to compare the number of PMS symptoms of intercollegiate athletes with those of sedentary college age women, and 2) to determine if training reduced the severity of PMS symptoms in a group of previously sedentary women.In study #1, a PMS questionnaire was distributed to female athletes representing six teams (n=92), and sedentary female athletes (n=47) at Ball State University. A one-way analysis of variance revealed that there was no significant difference (p>.05) in occurance of symptoms between the athletes and the sedentary females.In study #2, 13 sedentary women (X age= 34.6 + 1.9) suffering from PMS, participated in a four month study to determine if training would reduce the severity of their PMS symptoms. Eight women comprised the training group, and participated in 30-40 minutes of aerobic exercise four times per week. The control group consisted of five women who remained inactive. A correlated t-test revealed a significant increase (p<.Ol) in maximal oxygen uptake and a significant decrease (p<.Ol) in PMS symptoms after four months of activity in the experimental treatment group. The control group showed no significant changes (p>.05) in maximal oxygen uptake or PMS symptoms during the four months of the investigation. Based on the data from this study, it was concluded that women with PMS have significant decreases in mood swings, appetite, cravings for sweets, breast tenderness, anxiety and depression after training.
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Budeiri, Deema J. "Pharmacoepidemiology of premenstrual syndrome." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481197.
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Bamber, Lynette Mary. "Hysterectomy and the premenstrual syndrome." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6890.
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This study reviews the literature in two major areas of Premenstrual Syndrome research. Firstly, the literature on the Premenstrual Syndrome itself is reviewed with the focus on such issues as syndrome definition, symptomatology, methodological problems, and etiological theories. Also outlined here are the hormonal events of the menstrual cycle with a review of the literature on premenstrual symptoms in relation to the menstrual cycle. The general conclusion here is that this area of premenstrual syndrome research has yielded confusing and often inconclusive results. Further well controlled research seems needed here. Secondly, the literature on the more specific area of the Premenstrual Syndrome and hysterectomy is reviewed. Research into ovarian function and its methods of detection post hysterectomy is discussed, as is research into PHS and anovulation. The specific focus of this section is the review of the research of Backstrom, Boyle, and Baird (1981), and Beumont, Richards, and Gelder (1975) whose studies on PHS and hysterectomy have yielded contradictory results. It is concluded that both studies are beset with methodological problems making valid interpretation of their results difficult, and their application to clinical practice questionable.
The aim of this study was to collect daily affective, somatic, and hormonal data from women who had undergone hysterectomy and who believed they experienced PHS. Ovarian function was determined by the calculation of urinary pregnanediol levels. Spectral analysis was used to analyse the significance of this data.
Of the thirteen subjects who finally took part in this study, six showed significantly cycling mood and/or physical symptoms that were significantly related to the premenstrual phase of their cycle. The remaining seven subjects demonstrated significant cyclicity of mood and/or physical symptoms that were not related to their underlying hormonal cycle. It was concluded that there is some evidence to support the hypothesis that PHS can exist after hysterectomy, but more sophisticated research is suggested to further validate these findings.
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Treacy, Valerie J. "Premenstrual syndrome and psychiatric admissions." Virtual Press, 1988. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/539631.
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Nursing is developing a science for explaining our interventions_ Hormones play a vital role in the female response pattern and that must be assessed in order for nursing to justify its actions. This descriptive design studied 30 women between the ages of 30 and 45 examining psychiatric addmissions and premenstrual syndrome (PMS). Two hypotheses were considered: 1) There is no difference in the incidence of admission to psychiatric facilities of women for depression, schizophrenia, or other psychiatric crises during the paramenstruum of their menstrual cycle and 2) There is no difference in the incidence of premenstrual syndrome symptoms among women admitted to psychiatric facilities during their paramenstruum.Data was obtained by questionnaire and chart review. The nominal data was analyzed using chi-square. No significant results were found statistically. The practical significance of the study is that 20 of the 30 women were admitted during their paramenstruum.School of Nursing
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Sara, Mary Linda. "Premenstrual syndrome and marital satisfaction." Diss., Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/76497.
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Clinical interest in PMS has existed for more than one and a half centuries. There is still no consensus about its frequency, seriousness, etiology or treatment. Its impact on marital relationships has not been an area of research interest, even though one woman in twenty, or even one every ten, may be so afflicted that her life is disrupted premenstrually month after month.
This study was designed to explore this research area through the use of prospective self-reporting measuring instruments completed on a daily basis by both husband and wife in six couples over a time period of one complete menstrual cycle.
The husband's perception of his wife's negative affect was one independent variable. The wife's perception of her own negative affect was the other.
Six dependent variables were measured: The husband's and wife's self rating of own marital satisfaction; the husband's and the wife's perceptions of the spouse's displeasing behaviors; and the husband's and the wife's perceptions of the spouse's pleasing behaviors.
A case study approach was used and, in addition to time series analysis of the daily ratings, a semi-structured exit interview was conducted with each couple so that anecdotal material could be compared and evaluated along with the quantifiable data.
Because of the nature of the study, self-definition and diagnosis of PMS was chosen as the admission criterion. In addition, the wife could not be using oral contraceptives, nor could she be taking over-the-counter or prescribed medication for her PMS.
Decreases in the husband's marital satisfaction were found to be associated with increases in his perception of his wife's negative affect in five of the six cases. In four of the six cases, the husband perceived an increase in displeasing behaviors by his wife when he perceived an increase in her symptoms.Ph. D.
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Fanselow, Prudence Margaret. "The premenstrual syndrome and self-report." Thesis, University of Canterbury. Psychology, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/6908.
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This study reviews the literature on the premenstrual syndrome specifically prevalence, definitional issues, etiological assumptions, and methodological issues. The conclusion is reached that the area requires the input of further well-controlled research.
The technique of self-report is also reviewed with particular emphasis on applications, methodological advantages and limitations. The particular relevance of self-report to the study of the premenstrual syndrome is addressed as is the validity of self-report in the area.
The first aim was to collect sufficient daily mood data from target subjects to determine correlations with their menstrual cycle. Secondly, data was collected from significant other observers and cyclicity was measured. Lastly, the relationship between target-rated and observer-rated mood was analysed for commonly occurring cyclicity. The statistical technique involved was Spectral Analysis.
Thirteen subjects and observers were involved and results showed clear evidence of PMS in three subjects confirmed by observer recordings. Lack of coherence in cyclicity between target mood and observer rated mood was shown. It was concluded that 1) some of these women may not have been suffering from PMS and that 2) lack of coherence between target and observer on mood ratings was due to the 'private' nature of mood or to poor observation.
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Kreyenbuhl-Gardner, Kathryn M. "A sociological analysis of premenstrual syndrome." [Johnson City, Tenn. : East Tennessee State University], 2003. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/811.
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Thesis (M.A.)--East Tennessee State University, 2003.Title from electronic submission form. ETSU ETD database URN: etd-0822103-180654. Includes bibliographical references. Also available via Internet at the UMI web site.
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Gore, Sally 1979. "Premenstrual syndrome as a substantive criminal defence." Thesis, McGill University, 2003. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=80923.
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It is now over twenty years since the criminal trials of two women caught the attention of the British media. Sandra Craddock (later Smith) and Christine English both raised a successful defence of diminished responsibility based on premenstrual syndrome to a murder charge. In these cases the Court of Appeal apparently determined that PMS is a factor that can limit criminal responsibility. Although this thesis concentrates on the situation as it exists in English law, many of its conclusions are equally relevant to other legal systems, particularly those in common law jurisdictions.The issues that are likely to arise in a criminal trial in which a defendant wishes to base a substantive defence on premenstrual syndrome can be condensed into five central questions: (i) Does premenstrual syndrome exist at all? (ii) If so, does the defendant suffer from the condition? (iii) Did PMS cause or contribute to the defendant's actions? (iv) If the answer to (iii) is yes, should the act be excused? (v) If so, under what category of excuse? This thesis will discuss the way in which these questions might best be approached. (Abstract shortened by UMI.)
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Souza, Miriam Coelho de. "Magnesium supplementation in treatment of premenstrual syndrome." Thesis, University of Reading, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363772.
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Canning, Sarah Elizabeth. "The premenstrual syndrome : characterisation, diagnosis and treatment." Thesis, University of Leeds, 2008. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/622/.
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Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a prevalent condition. Key symptoms which promote treatment seeking are primarily psychological e. g. depression and aggression. Sufferers are often reluctant to take prescribed medication and often purchase dietary supplements and herbal remedies over the counter for which the evidence base with regards efficacy is limited. The primary aim of this thesis was to examine the effectiveness of St. John's Wort (SJW) for PMS. Proposals that this herbal remedy could benefit PMS symptoms are based on evidence that SJW increases serotonin levels and suppresses pro-inflammatory cytokine production. Following a systematic review which demonstrated that although calcium and continuous vitamin B6 administration confer some benefit for premenstrual symptoms, the evidence for most dietary supplements and herbal remedies including SJW is conflicting or insufficient, a ten-cycle randomised double-blind, placebocontrolled, crossover trial was conducted. PMS sufferers (NIMH, 1983) were administered 900mg SJW/day (0.18% hypericin; 3.38% hyperforin) for two menstrual cycles (n=34). SJW was found to benefit physical and behavioural PMS symptoms, but did not significantly improve mood or pain symptoms. A comparison of various commonly used analytical strategies performed on the data highlighted the need for a consensus to be reached regarding the way in which researchers assess treatment efficacy. Hormone (FSH, LH, oestradiol, progesterone, prolactin and testosterone) and cytokine (IL-1p, IL-6, IL-8, IFN-y and TNF-a) levels were assessed in women with and without PMS during the follicular and luteal phases, and were also studied in PMS sufferers taking SJW and placebo treatment. The hormone and cytokine profiles of PMS sufferers during SJW and placebo treatment did not differ. However, PMS sufferers exhibited significantly greater testosterone and cytokine (IL-6,11-8 and TNF-a) levels than normally cycling women who did not self-report problematic PMS symptoms across the cycle, suggesting that these mechanisms may be involved in the aetiology of the syndrome. To ensure the scientific quality of the clinical trial, certain methodological considerations were explored. PMS is diagnosed in various ways, which has resulted in PMS studies being conducted on heterogeneous samples of women, who are often not analogous to women requiring treatment in clinical practice. This study highlighted the need for researchers to use a diagnostic procedure that identifies PMS sufferers experiencing PMS symptoms at a severity appropriate to address the aim of their study, and that differentiates women with PMS from those with clinical anxiety and depression. Moreover, the DSR (Freeman et al., 1996) was refactor analysed and a two factor solution was produced, the DSR-20. This new measure was shown to be a more sensitive tool than the original DSR to assess treatment effects in the sample recruited for this research. Collectively these findings could improve future diagnostic and therapeutic strategies.
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Bennett, Joan. "Development of a premenstrual syndrome assessment questionnaire." Thesis, The University of Arizona, 1988. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/291763.
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The purpose of this exploratory study was to develop, test, and apply a questionnaire which would be used to determine the possibility of PMS in women being admitted to psychiatric facilities. Although a review of the literature supported the assumption that PMS symptoms and symptoms of psychiatric illness share overlapping features, the evaluation process currently implemented in psychiatric facilities does not allow for the possibility of a diagnosis of PMS. The questionnaire, created to detect PMS symptom changes in intensity and timing, was administered to women newly admitted to psychiatric facilities. Thirty-two percent of the group demonstrated the possibility of having PMS. The results of this study would suggest that women of child-bearing potential, admitted to a psychiatric facility, might be evaluated for the possibility of PMS.
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Schulte, Murriel Ardath. "The Premenstrual Syndrome: Daily Stress and Coping Style." Thesis, North Texas State University, 1985. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc331078/.
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The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) continues to be an enigma for many: those women who report PMS, for professionals who attempt to treat premenstrual symptoms, and for researchers attempting to identify PMS and to compare treatments. The present study investigated the responses from 86 subjects between the ages 30-45 for their perceptions of daily stress and coping styles by PMS level. Three levels of PMS were formulated by subject responses to the questionnaire (a) PMS for scores within the criteria, (b) Non-PMS for scores lower than the criteria, and (c) Psy-Non-PMS for certain scores higher than the criteria with a psychological, or neurotic, profile. Hassle intensity (daily stress) and coping style, whether problem-focused (P) or emotion-focused (E), were assessed by questionnaire. In addition, help seeking behavior, i.e., whether a woman sought help from a doctor in the past twelve months, was examined but did not significantly relate to level of PMS, hassle intensity, or coping style. Psy-Non-PMS women reported perceiving significantly more hassles and significantly greater use of four of the E coping styles, Detachment, Focusing on the Positive, Self-blame, and Keep to Self, than the Non-PMS women. PMS women endorsed perception of significantly more hassles and significantly greater use of two of the E coping styles, Detachment and Keep to Self, than the Non-PMS women. These E coping styles are consonant with detached, avoidant, escapist, and self-deriding coping mechanisms, typical of depressed and anxious persons. There was some difficulty in differentiating the PMS group from the Psy-Non-PMS group. Only one coping style, Focusing on the Positive, was endorsed by the Psy-Non-PMS group significantly more than the PMS group. Further statistical analysis of the data could determine psychological/behavioral PMS subtypes as distinct from physiological PMS subtypes, providing more clearly defined PMS groups. Future research involving a carefully controlled study for determining PMS levels and utilizing psychotherapy as well as specified medications for treatment of PMS is indicated.
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McMillan, Marcia J. "Premenstrual depression : a distinct entity?" Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75425.
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The validity of the Premenstrual Assessment Form (PAF) typological category "Major Depressive Syndrome", as a distinct subtype of premenstrual change, was assessed. The nature of the depression associated with the premenstrual phase was investigated with standardized measures of depression and a test of dysphoric attentional bias derived from Beck's cognitive model of depression. Three subject groups were delineated based on prospective daily ratings: PMD (depression only premenstrually), controls (no depression), and INTD (intermittent depression throughout cycle). The control group did not exhibit a dysphoric attentional bias. The INTD group demonstrated a dysphoric attentional bias both pre- and postmenstrually. The PMD group, despite clinically elevated premenstrual depression levels, failed to show an associated dsyphoric attentional bias. These findings suggest that although PMD and clinical depression share an affective component, they may differ with regard to other features of depression (i.e. cognitive/information processing). As well, phenomenological differences between PMD and clinical depression were suggested by subjects' prospective daily ratings. For confirmed PMD subjects, depressive mood was only one facet of a multidimensional symptom picture which included signs of water retention, breast pain, fatigue, irritability, anxiety, and associated dysmenorrhea. These findings raise questions concerning the construct validity of premenstrual depression (specifically PAF Major Depressive Syndrome) as a distinctive subtype of premenstrual change.
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Eriksson, Olle. "Studies on Premenstrual Dysphoria." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-5812.
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Van-Leeson, Terri. "Emotional control and premenstrual syndrome : subjectivity and process." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/31310.
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This thesis set out to establish a deeper understanding of premenstrual syndrome, focusing particularly on emotional symptoms. A combined methodological approach was adopted, which collected a variety of data. Firstly, from an interview study, it was found that strict emotion rules continue to govern the way inner feelings and outward emotional expressions are permitted to be experienced. Emotion is still gendered, with a core emphasis on maintaining emotional control. In contrast, subjective accounts of premenstrual syndrome portrayed premenstrual emotional experiences as being expressive, often out of control, especially with regard to anger. Self-awareness, particularly mood awareness, is important in issues for self-control. A diary study conducted over one complete calendar month revealed that a high mood monitoring tendency predicted less positive emotion across the menstrual cycle, than for low mood monitoring. High mood monitoring predicted more frequent attempts at active mood regulation. These results were in the expected direction. Yet high monitoring predicted a greater degree of reported success at mood regulation, which was not predicted. Finally the most successful ways of regulating negative emotions were reported to be diversion strategies, which directed attention away from the way the individual was feeling. Timing through cyclical phase was not found to be significantly associated with any of the variables highlighted in two studies undertaken as part of this thesis. However when emotion was tracked over time, the premenstrual phase of the cycle was found to be important on emotional experience in that the interaction of this phase with mood monitoring predicted use of diversion strategies. Reasons for this were explored. Overall premenstrual syndrome continues to have far reaching implications for women at both the practical and theoretical level. There is a risk that their emotional status may be undermined for some of the time, particularly when expressing negative feelings.
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Reilly, Jacqueline. "The psychology of premenstrual syndrome : a grounded perspective." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.388176.
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Hamilton, Jessica A. "University women's experience with and perceptions of Premenstrual Syndrome." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape11/PQDD_0011/MQ52561.pdf.
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Mayer, Jodie R. "Depression, anxiety, locus of control and the premenstrual syndrome /." Adelaide, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsm468.pdf.
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Pienaar, Catherine Ann. "Premenstrual syndrome in a group of Cape Town women." Thesis, University of Cape Town, 1991. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/25953.
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Rodgers, Glenda S. "The Effects of Premenstrual Syndrome Symptomatology on Marital Satisfaction." Thesis, University of North Texas, 2003. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4253/.
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Many women reporting PMS symptoms state their symptoms affect their mood, social, and family functioning. This study attempted to provide clinicians with information to assist in psychotherapeutic intervention, by determining the effect PMS has on marital satisfaction. Nineteen female subjects reporting PMS symptoms and their partners completed the study. The Marital Satisfaction Inventory - Revised (MSI-R) and the Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire-Form T (MDQ-form T) were used to determine if the nineteen couples reported marital distress as a result of the women's cyclical premenstrual symptoms. The results of the study suggested that the women and their partners, report high levels of marital distress that is not reflective of the cyclical nature of the PMS symptomatology. Scores on the MSI-R for the subjects and their partners indicated the couples perceived level of distress in the t-50 to t-70 range on scales 3-8 is consistent throughout the menstrual cycle. The couples reported higher levels of marital distress than would be the expected norm, suggesting that PMS may be a contributing factor to the level of distress they reported experiencing. This study did not include a control group, which would have provided a norm for couples who do not report PMS by which to compare the MSI-R scores.
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Rosenberg, Arlene Z. "The relationship between premenstrual syndrome and smoking in women /." Staten Island, N.Y. : [s.n.], 1994. http://library.wagner.edu/theses/nursing/1994/thesis_nur_1994_rosen_relat.pdf.
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Ryan, Maree. "Effects of premenstrual symptoms on young female singers." Connect to full text, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1432.
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Thesis (M. Mus. (Perf.)) -- University of Sydney, 2006.Title from title screen (viewed September 4, 2008). Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Music (Applied Research in Music Performance), Sydney Conservatorium of Music, University of Sydney. Includes tables, diagrs. and graphs. Includes bibliographical references. Also available in print form.
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Hicks, Stephen Michael. "St. John's wort for women's health." Thesis, University of Reading, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271568.
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Mallia, Catriona. "The epidemiology and management of premenstrual symptoms in the community." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=229392.
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Introduction Most women of reproductive age experience premenstrual symptoms before menstruation. Community-based research investigating the prevalence and management of problematic premenstrual symptoms (the premenstrual syndrome or 'PMS') is sparse, especially in the United Kingdom. This study aimed to assess the epidemiology and management of premenstrual symptoms in the community, and identify factors associated with symptom experiences. Methods A systematic review was conducted to identify population-based studies reporting PMS prevalence. In 2014 and 2015 a postal questionnaire was sent to 3,534 women aged 18-50, registered with 20 Scottish general practices. Results Twenty-six population-based studies were included in the systematic review. These reported widely differing prevalences, depending on the definitions of PMS used. The corrected response rate from the survey was 32.1%. Over 95% of women experienced at least one symptom in the previous 12 months. The most frequent moderate to severe symptoms were abdominal cramps: 44.0%; abdominal bloating: 40.9%; irritability: 40.7%; fatigue or lack of energy: 37.6%; and mood swings: 36.8%. The criteria for premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) and moderate to severe PMS were met by 4.4% and 8.3% of women, respectively; 53.1% reported experiencing PMS, with 10.7% rating this as severe to extreme. Common management strategies used included over-the-counter medication; heat application; exercise; and relaxation or rest. Lifestyle and psychological strategies were more frequently reported than prescribed treatments. The most common associations with different symptom experiences (i.e. moderate to severe PMS/PMDD, self-identified minimal/mild PMS, and self-identified moderate to extreme PMS) related to smoking, self-assessed general health and self-reported current illness/condition. Illness perceptions related to emotional representations and consequences were associated with each of the symptom experiences examined. Current use of most management strategies, a wish for more support from different sources and frequent contact with healthcare professionals were associated with PMS/PMDD and self-identified moderate to extreme PMS.
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Dhingra, Vandana. "Genetics of premenstrual syndrome : investigation of specific serotonin receptor polymorphisms." Thesis, Keele University, 2014. http://eprints.keele.ac.uk/1213/.
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Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is a distressing and disabling syndrome causing a significant degree of impairment on daily functioning and interpersonal relationships in 3-8% of the women. With the convincing evidence that PMS is inheritable and that serotonin is important in the pathogenesis of PMS, and failure of initial studies to demonstrate significant associations between key genes controlling the synthesis, reuptake and catabolism of serotonin and PMDD, the main aim of this thesis was to target the functional polymorphisms of serotonin receptors.
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Reed, Robin A. "Premenstrual syndrome : the comparative efficacy of three group therapy interventions /." The Ohio State University, 1986. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487323583620823.
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McKinnon, Brittany Catherine. "Relationship of trauma history and premenstrual syndrome among female veterans." Thesis, University of Iowa, 2009. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/254.
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Prior research has pointed to an association between a history of traumatic events and premenstrual syndrome (PMS) in women. The objective of this study was to further investigate the relationship between trauma and PMS among female veterans, a population with high rates of sexual and physical abuse, as well as combat-related exposures. We conducted a case-control study of 502 women veterans under the age of 52 who were associated with the Iowa City Veterans Affairs Medical Center. Trauma history, gynecological health, mental health (including posttraumatic stress disorder), and other variables were obtained through telephone interview. Cases were women who had moderate to severe PMS as defined by validated criteria and controls were women without PMS. The prevalence of PMS was 14.3%. Thirty-three percent of subjects reported a completed sexual assault, 29% a combat-related trauma, and 86% a non-combat related trauma. Factors significantly associated with PMS (p<0.05) in the univariate analysis were: attempted, completed, and number of rapes during a woman's lifetime; rape before age 18; rape during military service; childhood sexual abuse; and number of non-combat related traumas. Childhood physical abuse and combat-related trauma were not associated with PMS in univariate analyses. In our final multivariate model, lifetime completed sexual assault was associated with PMS (odds ratio =2.42, 95% confidence interval = 1.33-4.40). Findings from this study among female veterans indicate that a history of trauma, particularly sexual trauma, is associated with moderate to severe PMS. Further study is warranted to confirm temporal relationships and causal mechanisms.
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Kudlas, Jane Michele. "Low-fat diet vs. education support in the treatment of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder." Diss., Virginia Tech, 1992. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/39719.
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A treatment outcome study was conducted comparing a low-fat diet intervention with an education-support group and a waiting-list control group in the treatment of premenstrual tension syndrome (PMS) or Late Luteal Phase Dysphoric Disorder (LLPDD). Subjects met provisional diagnostic criteria for LLPDD and symptoms were monitored prospectively. A low-fat diet was hypothesized too be an effective intervention for reducing the severity of both physical and emotional symptoms in women suffering from LLPDD. This was based on the theory relating raised estrogen levels to premenstrual distress, and research suggesting low-fat diets reduce estrogen levels.
The hypothesis that a low-fat diet would decrease premenstrual suffering was not supported by the results of this study. However, there appeared to be an advantage to participating in a group which provided support and information on LLPDD compared to receiving no treatment. Implications for future research, treatment recommendations, and methodological issues are discussed.Ph. D.
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Ekholm, Ulla-Britt. "Premenstrual syndrome : a study of change in cyclicity, severity and sexuality." Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Obstetrik och gynekologi, 1991. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-141050.
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82 women seeking help for the Premenstrual syndrome (PMS) were successively recruited into a research project on PMS. All of them performed daily self-ratings during one menstrual cycle and 54 of them during two cycles. Including the patients with two rated cycles the change between cycles in cyclicity and preovulatory symptoms was studied. They were diagnosed and subgrouped as having ”Pure PMS” with significant cyclicity and only premenstrual symptoms, ”PM aggravation” with significant cyclicity but with additional preovulatory symptoms or ”Non-PMS” without cyclicity. 78% showed the same cyclical pattern in both cycles and 65% were allocated to the same subgroup. The presence or absence of preovulatory symptoms was a more stable factor than the occurence of cyclicity. The cycle more resembling an ”ideal PMS pattern” better separated groups of patients regarding neurotic personality and psychiatric history. When all 54 patients were investigated together there was no change in severity between the two cycles when the whole cycles were compared, and using the premenstrual phase only difference in one symptom. When divided into subgroups it was found that the ”Pure PMS” group felt worse during the first rated cycle while the ”PM aggravation” group felt better during the first cycle. A method for estimating the severity of PMS was developed and tried. A severity-score was calculated and ± 1 SD was used to subdivide the patients into severity-groups giving 20% classified as having mild PMS, 61% as moderate and 19% as severe. The symptoms with the highest correlation to the severity-score were anxiety, tension and irritability. The validity of the severity-score was studied by comparing it with other ways of estimating severity of PMS. There was very good agreement between the severity-score and the prospective rating of influence on family, work and social life, fairly good between the result of a Moos Menstrual Distress Questionaire (MDQ) and the severity-score and also between the retrospective rating of influence and the severity-score. There was good agreement when the severity-score from two rated cycles was compared. Sexual parameters and the relationship to androgen levels and SHBG were studied. All sexual parameters showed cyclical change except the parameter ”unpleasant sexual thoughts” in the group with high levels of androstenedione, testosterone and SHBG when using combined p-value. The patients with a low level of androstenedione had more days with maximum ratings of the parameters ”sexual feelings” and ”pleasant sexual thoughts”. Patients with ”Pure PMS” had a lower level of testosterone compared with the ”PM aggravation” group. Four different methods for diagnosis of PMS, a nonparametric test, effect size, run test and 30% change were compared. Results showed high agreement except for the method of using 30% of the scale as condition for cyclicity, which resulted in fewer patients with cyclicity than the other methods used.digitalisering@umu.se
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Fernando, Eva Marie. "The role of personality traits in the experience of premenstrual syndrome /." Title page, contents and abstract only, 1986. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09ARPS/09arpsf363.pdf.
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Abukhalil, Imad Eldin Husni. "The role of danazol in the management of the premenstrual syndrome." Thesis, Keele University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.362168.
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Choi, Precilla Yee Lan. "Physical exercise and the psychology of the menstrual cycle." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.295966.
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Swann, Catherine Jane. "Psychology and self-reported PMS : an evaluation of different research strategies." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.294792.
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Ryan, Maree Carol. "Effects of premenstrual symptoms on young female singers." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1432.
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Throughout the 20th Century, female operatic singers in most of the major European opera houses were given “grace days” (where they were not required to sing) in recognition of the effect of hormonal changes on the singing voice. Financial constraints in professional companies have resulted in a reduction of such considerations, but to date, there has been no systematic study of the effects of hormonal fluctuations on the quality of the female singing voice, or of its potential adverse effects on the vocal apparatus for singers who are affected by pre-menstrual syndrome. This study investigated the effects of hormonal fluctuations on young professional female classical singers. Female and male professional singers in training (students) at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music, University of Sydney, were asked to participate as volunteers in the study by keeping daily diaries. The female singers kept a diary for two separate months beginning on the first day of menstruation, in which they recorded their daily basal temperature, mood, voice state and physical well being. The male control subjects kept daily diaries for one month. Acoustic analysis of two vocal samples taken during the second month, on days 1 and 14 of the cycle, were completed on the six most severely affected female subjects, who were identified through their diary ratings of changes in vocal quality during menstruation. The selected students assessed their own vocal samples, presented in random order, to determine whether they could reliably identify which of their samples were affected by menstruation. Vocal staff at the Conservatorium (pedagogues), who were blind to the purpose of the study, also assessed recordings presented randomly. Results indicated that self-perceived vocal quality varied over the course of the menstrual cycle, particularly during the first seven days of the cycle, that negative changes in mood affected the voice, and that fatigue, effort, hoarseness, weakness & peak performance were the most frequently affected vocal states. A surprising finding was that male self-perceived voice quality also varied over the course of one month of diary keeping. There was no consistent change in direction of scores during menstrual and non-menstrual phases. Five of the six most affected singers correctly identified their performance during menstruation but pedagogues were not consistently able to do so.. These results indicate that perceived quality of the voice through changes in the menstrual cycle may not be as obvious to a highly trained observer even though they were reliably perceived by the singer. This study demonstrates that menstruation has a discernible impact on the self-perception of female singers’ vocal quality and implies that the premenstrual or menstrual female may not feel able to present her peak performance at these times of hormonal fluctuation. Further detailed research in this area may be warranted on a larger scale to elaborate a more precise clinical management of the problem.
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Ryan, Maree Carol. "Effects of premenstrual symptoms on young female singers." University of Sydney, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/1432.
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Master of MusicThroughout the 20th Century, female operatic singers in most of the major European opera houses were given “grace days” (where they were not required to sing) in recognition of the effect of hormonal changes on the singing voice. Financial constraints in professional companies have resulted in a reduction of such considerations, but to date, there has been no systematic study of the effects of hormonal fluctuations on the quality of the female singing voice, or of its potential adverse effects on the vocal apparatus for singers who are affected by pre-menstrual syndrome. This study investigated the effects of hormonal fluctuations on young professional female classical singers. Female and male professional singers in training (students) at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music, University of Sydney, were asked to participate as volunteers in the study by keeping daily diaries. The female singers kept a diary for two separate months beginning on the first day of menstruation, in which they recorded their daily basal temperature, mood, voice state and physical well being. The male control subjects kept daily diaries for one month. Acoustic analysis of two vocal samples taken during the second month, on days 1 and 14 of the cycle, were completed on the six most severely affected female subjects, who were identified through their diary ratings of changes in vocal quality during menstruation. The selected students assessed their own vocal samples, presented in random order, to determine whether they could reliably identify which of their samples were affected by menstruation. Vocal staff at the Conservatorium (pedagogues), who were blind to the purpose of the study, also assessed recordings presented randomly. Results indicated that self-perceived vocal quality varied over the course of the menstrual cycle, particularly during the first seven days of the cycle, that negative changes in mood affected the voice, and that fatigue, effort, hoarseness, weakness & peak performance were the most frequently affected vocal states. A surprising finding was that male self-perceived voice quality also varied over the course of one month of diary keeping. There was no consistent change in direction of scores during menstrual and non-menstrual phases. Five of the six most affected singers correctly identified their performance during menstruation but pedagogues were not consistently able to do so.. These results indicate that perceived quality of the voice through changes in the menstrual cycle may not be as obvious to a highly trained observer even though they were reliably perceived by the singer. This study demonstrates that menstruation has a discernible impact on the self-perception of female singers’ vocal quality and implies that the premenstrual or menstrual female may not feel able to present her peak performance at these times of hormonal fluctuation. Further detailed research in this area may be warranted on a larger scale to elaborate a more precise clinical management of the problem.
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Ho, Ka-yee Carey, and 何家怡. "Relations between dietary soy intake and premenstrual syndrome in young Chinese women." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2012. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B48423166.
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Background: The premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is a collection of physical and emotional symptoms that occurs related to women’s menstrual cycle. PMS usually occurs a few days before the onset of menstruation and relieved by the onset of menstruation. There are more than 200 reported symptoms and the most usual symptoms include abdominal bloating, back pain, breast pain, irritability, fatigue, depression and change in eating patterns. However, the cause of PMS is not clear, but a number of factors have been suggested including disturbances in hormones and neurotransmitters, dietary intake and life style. Besides medication to relieve the symptoms, there are alternative prevention methods including diet and lifestyle changes including regular exercise, adequate sleep, and healthy balanced diet. High soy product intake is one of the suggested alternative dietary therapies for PMS by reducing circulating estrogen. Prior studies have indicated that isoflavones can affect estrogen metabolism and influence ovarian cyclicity. Since PMS is common in Hong Kong, it causes significant burden on quality of life in economic and social aspects by affecting social activities, working, or health care use.
Objectives: To investigate the association between dietary soy intake and premenstrual syndrome among young Chinese female
Design: A cross-sectional analytical study
Methods: The research was carried out in a sample of 242 young Chinese women (mean age 20.8±2.59 years) who are students at the University of Hong Kong in April 2012. Face-to-face survey was carried out in campus. Self-administered questionnaire was used to obtain demographic data. A semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire with 20 food items was used to estimate the habitual dietary soy exposures. Moos Menstrual Distress Questionnaire was used to assess menstrual history and the PMS score. The study protocol received the approval of the Institutional Review Board of The University of Hong Kong/ Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster. (UW 11-485)
Results: 60% of participating women reported to have premenstrual syndrome. The mean score of total MDQ results at menstrual phase, premenstrual phase and postmenstrual phase were 378.5±70.05, 372.9±66.21, and 351.6±36.3 respectively. Soy intake was significantly negative correlated with MDQ scores in premenstrual phase (r=-0.191, p<0.05) and menstrual phase (r=-0.249, p<0.001). The beneficial effect of dietary soy was especially in pain, auto reaction and behavioral change (p<0.05). Adjusted for potential confounders, soy intake was independently associated with reduced PMS (B= -0.496, p<0.001) at premenstrual phase. Only 37% of those women with PMS would take medication or doctor consultation to relieve the symptoms. Over 78% of participating women were willing to try dietary therapy if it was reported to be helpful. Physical symptoms were the most commonly reported.
Conclusions: Soy intake was associated with reduced PMS score, suggesting it may have beneficial effects on preventing or alleviating severity of PMS. Further prospective study and randomized controlled trials will be needed to demonstrate causality and clinical effectiveness.published_or_final_version
Public Health
Master
Master of Public Health
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Ismail, Khaled M. K. "Genetics of premenstrual syndrome : investigation of specific polymorphisms in the serotonergic pathway." Thesis, Keele University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443615.
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Morse, Gwen Goetz. "The effect of social support on women's perception of perimenstrual changes." Diss., The University of Arizona, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/186759.
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The unidimensional approach that has dominated research on premenstrual syndrome (PMS) has been remiss in visualizing the diversity of factors that may be involved in women's menstrual cycle experiences. Traditional menstrual cycle research reflects a stereotypic negative bias that does not encompass the complexity of the phenomena. For example, even though, the majority of menstrual cycle literature has focused on negative changes during the perimenstruum, some women report positive changes. This research represents an endeavor of a unique nursing intervention aimed at reframing perceptions of menstrual cycle experiences for the purpose of diminishing perimenstrual impairment. The intervention was a health promotion program which provided social support and a positive reframing component among women with PMS across four menstrual cycles. Utilizing a pre-experimental design, data was collected on eighteen women. Daily measures included prospective assessment of perceptions of perimenstrual changes (impairment and activation). Retrospective assessments of moods (anxiety and depression), social resources (personal resources and marital satisfaction), and perimenstrual change perceptions were gathered at three time periods, before, during, and after the experimental condition. Data analysis included descriptive and multivariate analyses strategies. Results indicated that although perimenstrual activation did not increase significantly, impairment did decrease. In addition, there were significant changes from baseline to follow-up on state depression and personal resource variables. This study is among the first to develop and empirically test a nursing intervention that utilized the psychotherapeutic technique of positive reframing aimed at decreasing women's negative menstrual cycle experiences. This study lends support for further investigation of women's diverse menstrual cycle experiences which challenges assumptions guiding menstrual cycle research which has continued to perceive menstruation within an illness perspective. Until researchers agree on the cause, definition, significance, and management of PMS, studies such as this one, may provide scientists a more expansive view of women's menstrual cycle experiences. Results of this study are of benefit to nurses and health care providers who are in a unique situation to facilitate support groups by virtue of the variety of their work settings.
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Pisano, Bonnie S. "Late luteal phase dysphoric disorder symptoms (PMS) among women presenting for counseling services." Virtual Press, 1990. http://liblink.bsu.edu/uhtbin/catkey/720149.
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Changes in mood, behavior, and physiology, beginning in the post-ovulatory phase of the menstrual cycle and ending with the onset of menstruation, have been called premenstrual syndrome, or PMS, and have been the focus of much investigation. Research to date has demonstrated greater emotional arousal and distress experienced by women during the luteal phase of the cycle as opposed to the follicular phase. This study collected descriptive profiles of current mood states, physiological symptoms, and menstrual cycle information from 62 women on the day on which they presented to a university counseling center for psychological services. It was hypothesized that a larger proportion of individuals would present on a walk-in basis for intake during the luteal phase of the cycle as opposed to the follicular phase. This hypothesis was tested with Chi-Square analysis of differences in frequency of subjects in each of the two phase groups. The second hypothesis was that individuals in the luteal phase would display higher levels of mood disturbance (as measured by the Profile of Mood States and the Beck Depression Inventory) and somatic symptomatology (as measured by the Menstrual Cycle Symptom Scale),than individuals in the follicular phase. This hypothesis was tested using multiple regression analysis, using affective and somatic variables as predictors of cycle day. Post hoc analyses for differences between menstrual phase groups on the affective variables were performed using multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA).The results of this study indicated no relationship between menstrual cycle phase and self-presentation for counseling services. They also indicated no relationship between menstrual cycle day and either subjective distress or somatic symptomatology. Finally, with minor exceptions, no differences were found between menstrual cycle phase groups in their self-perceived distress or emotional states.Discrepancies between the results of this study and previous research were discussed. In particular, methodological differences (e.g., use of state vs trait measures of mood variables) highlight the poor design and generalizability of previous research. Suggestions for future studies were presented as well as limiting factors in this study. These include the need for a larger number of participants and the use of hematologic cross-checks to more precisely determine cycle phase. Investigations into the way in which menstrual cycle affects mood are warranted.Department of Counseling Psychology and Guidance Services
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Dudgeon, Katrin. "Physical exercise and the menstrual cycle : a psychological perspective." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.343050.
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Magos, Adam Laszlo. "Diagnosis of the premenstrual syndrome, and treatment with subcutaneous crystalline implants of oestradiol." Thesis, King's College London (University of London), 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420878.
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Ross, Catriona Kirsty 1971. "Prospectively reported premenstrual symptom change : relationship to personality, demographic and menstrual cycle characteristics." Monash University, Dept. of Psychology, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9232.
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Stone, Mary L. "Do Prospective Ratings Correct Retrospective Distortions Based on Negative Social Stereotypes of Premenstrual Syndrome?" DigitalCommons@USU, 1994. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/6054.
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The Daily Assessment Form (OAF) retrospectively assessed symptoms of late luteal phase dysphoric disorder (LLPDD), both at the beginning and at the end of a 2-month time interval. Ninety-four women between the ages of 18 and 45 entered the study. Half of the subjects viewed a negative-case, stereotypic presentation of LLPDD prior to the pretest. sixty-eight subjects qualified on the pretest to complete the study. Half of the remaining no-case subjects and half of the remaining negative-case subjects completed 8 weeks' prospective ratings via the OAF. Forty-eight subjects remained to complete the posttest at the end of that time interval. Pretest Total and Pretest Criteria scores revealed significant main effects for case-presentation condition (E[l,63] = 7.08, R = .01) and (E[l,63] = 8.34, R = .01) and completion level (E[l,63] = 6.76, R = .01) and (E[l,63] = 3.76, R .06). Effect sizes equalled 0.48 and 0.45 for case presentation and 1.92 and 1.98 for completion.
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Albjär, Kajsa, and Sofie Andersson. "Har du mens eller? : Kvinnors erfarenheter av att leva med PMS." Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Sektionen för hälsa och samhälle (HOS), 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-27370.
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Premenstruellt syndrom, även kallat PMS, är något som 20-30% av alla menstruerande kvinnor uppskattas lida av. De premenstruella symtomen uppkommer i den senare delen av menstruationscykeln och återkommer vanligtvis varje månad. Symtomen kan yttra sig såväl fysiskt, psykiskt som emotionellt. Syftet med studien var att beskriva kvinnors premenstruella erfarenheter. Studien är genomförd som en litteraturstudie och baseras på 10 vetenskapliga artiklar. Ur artiklarnas resultat kunde tre huvudteman urskiljas. Resultatet av litteraturstudien visar att många kvinnor har erfarenheter av att mötas med misstro då de beskriver sin PMS. Denna misstro beskrivs i möte med såväl närstående, arbetskollegor som med hälso- sjukvårdspersonal. I studien framkommer att okunskapen kring PMS är stor, samtidigt som fenomenet ofta framställs negativt och förlöjligas. Många kvinnor beskriver värdet i att få samtala om sina premenstruella erfarenheter utan att bli dömda och misstrodda. För att utveckla en bättre omvårdnad av kvinnor som lider av PMS är det av stor vikt att genom utbildning öka kunskaperna hos hälso- och sjukvårdspersonal om detta fenomen. För att fler kvinnor skall få hjälp att lindra det lidande de premenstruella symtomen kan orsaka är det av vikt att vidare forskning bedrivs.Premenstrual syndrome, also known as PMS, is a phenomenon that is estimated to effect 20-30% of all menstruating women. The premenstrual symptoms appear in the lutheal phase of the menstrual cycle and usually recurs monthly. The aim of this study was to describe the experiences of women with premenstrual syndrome. This study is conducted as a literature study, based on ten scinentific articles. Three major themes were identified from the results of the articles. The results of the literature study illustrates that women often experience disbelief when they try to describe their premenstrual experiences. The disbelief often occurs in relation to describing PMS to partners, co-workers and health care professionals. The study also shows that there is a great ignorance about PMS and the phenomenon is often portrayed negatively and ridiculed. Many women described the value of getting to talk about their premenstrual experiences without being judged and met with disbelief. It is of great importance that through education develops the nursing care and increase awareness among health care professionals about female phenomena such as PMS. To help women relieve the suffering the premenstrual symptoms can cause, it is important that further research is conducted.
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Bashara, Lisa Marie. "The effect of premenstrual edema on percent body fat measurements utilizing bioelectrical impedance." Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/91161.
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The purpose of this investigation was to determine the effect of premenstrual edema (water retention) on measurements of percent body fat (%BF) in ovulating women during the menstrual cycle utilizing bioelectrical impedance. Specifically, this study was designed to investigate the difference between bioelectrical impedance measurements of %BF recorded during day 1 of menses, day 7, day -1 midcycle, midcycle, day 21, and days -3, -2, and -1 premenses. Determinations of impedance were made in 26 regularly menstruating women aged 20.23±0.74 yr using an electrical impedance analyzer with a four-electrode arrangement that induces a painless signal ( 800 !microamps at 50 kHz) into the body. Internal consistency reliability estimates made approximately 5 min apart during each test day ranged from R = .96-.99 for the impedance measurements of %BF, and the stability reliability correlation coefficients ever the eight observation days ranged from r = .92-.97 for the impedance measurements of %BF. The reliability analyses indicated that %BF esitimated from bioelectrical impedance was measured reliably. Specific days of the menstrual cycle did not significantly affect impedance measurements of %BF. Analysis of variance with repeated measures also indicated that day during the menstrual cycle did not significantly affect weight (Wt), %BF, resistance (Re), or total body water (TBW) measurements. However, urine osmolality (Osm) and basal body temperature (BBT) were significantly affected across days of the menstrual cycle (p < .01). A dramatic decline in Osm was noted at midcycle followed by a rise which peaked at day -3 premenses. After day -3 premenses, Osm rapidly declined at menses. The dramatic decline in Osm at midcycle may reflect changes in urine concentration due to actions of elevated estrogen associated with ovulation. BBT dropped prior to midcycle and then began to rise until day -3 of the next menses and then it dropped slightly. The drop prior -co midcycle may be also reflected by changes in the hormonal concentration of estrogen. The biphasic BBT response was considered to be presumptive evidence that ovulation had occurred. A 2 x 2 factorial analysis of variance with repeated measures demonstrated that there was a significant interaction between cycle length and activity level on measurements of Wt, %BF, and BBT (p < .05). As light activity subjects with average cycle lengths became moderately active, their %BF decreased from 26.51±0.63% to 21.11±0.50% followed by a dramatic increase to 29.40±0.62% as they became highly active. On the otherhand, as light activity subjects with above average cycle lengths became more and more active, their %BF dropped drastically from 35.11±1.44% to 18.72±0. 75%. The data support the hypothesis that bioelectrical impedance measurements of %BF recorded during the normal menstrual cycle are not significantly different. However, a larger population is required to validate the applicability of these results.M.S.
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Graham, Cynthia Anne. "Treatment of premenstrual syndrome with a triphasic oral contraceptive : a double-blind placebo-controlled trial." Thesis, McGill University, 1989. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=74262.
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Two studies are presented which investigated the relationship between oral contraceptives (o.c.s) and premenstrual changes in mood and physical state. The retrospective pilot study examined possible differences in symptom-reporting between groups of pill-users and non-users. Women using o.c.s had lower severity scores on a number of physical and mood-related symptoms compared to non-users. In the prospective study, eighty-two women with complaints of moderate to severe premenstrual symptoms were recruited for a double-blind, controlled trial of a triphasic o.c. Subjects made daily ratings of symptoms for one to two baseline cycles and were then randomly assigned to receive either placebo or the o.c. for three treatment cycles. Prospective assessment of symptoms was made using a variety of measures, and circulating levels of estrogen and progesterone were measured at three points during the cycle. Bloating and breast pain showed a greater reduction in the o.c. group than in the placebo group. In a subgroup of women with premenstrual depressive change, the o.c. also produced greater improvement in a number of symptoms compared to placebo. For all other symptoms, there was no beneficial effect of the active treatment over placebo. Women who received o.c.s reported decreased sexual interest after starting the pill. Possible hormonal mechanisms for these effects are discussed.
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Nyberg, Sigrid. "Premenstrual dysphoric disorder in relation to neuroactive steroids and alcohol." Doctoral thesis, Umeå : Univ, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-937.
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Fridén, Cecilia. "Neuromuscular performance and balance during the menstrual cycle and the influence of premenstrual symptoms /." Stockholm, 2004. http://diss.kib.ki.se/2004/91-7349-996-X/.
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Kudlas, Jane Michele. "A controlled study of the effects of information on premenstrual expectancy and daily mood ratings." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45788.
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Previous research on premenstrual tension has typically focused on the hormonal or biological theories of premenstrual tension. Recent research, however, has begun to show a relationship between negative expectancies and reports of premenstrual suffering. In this study it was hypothesized that negative expectancies could be changed by exposing participants to information which either increased or decreased their sense of control over premenstrual symptomatology. It was proposed that information which offered participants a way to control premenstrual symptoms would decrease expectations while information which informed participants that they could not control their symptoms would increase negative expectations. In this study it was further hypothesized that participants exposed to information which decreased their negative expectancies would report more positive moods during the premenstrual phase of the menstrual cycle than those subjects exposed to information which increased their expectations for premenstrual tension. Results from this study supported the hypothesis that expectancies for premenstrual tension are related to the participants' sense of control over premenstrual tension. However, results did not show a relationship between daily reports of mood during the premenstrual phase and negative expectations.
Master of Science
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Özbek, Feride Meltem Çerçi Sevim Süreyya. "Premenstrüel disforik bozukluk tanısı alan kadınlarda bölgesel beyin kan akımı değişikliklerinin Tc-99m HMPAO Beyin Perfüzyon SPECT ile değerlendirilmesi /." Isparta : SDÜ Tıp Fakültesi, 2007. http://tez.sdu.edu.tr/Tezler/TT00337.pdf.
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