Dissertations / Theses on the topic 'Pregnant women Attitudes'
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McClain, PhD Janelle S. "Pregnant African American Women Breastfeeding Intentions, Beliefs, Attitudes and Perspectives." ScholarWorks, 2019. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/6353.
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Breastfeeding is the best infant feeding source of nutrition for infants in their early stages of development. However, there is a fundamental gap in the number of African American women that initiate breastfeeding compared to White, Asian, and Hispanic mothers. Social cognitive theory was used to explore the breastfeeding intentions, beliefs, perceived barriers, and perceptions on breastfeeding through a basic qualitative research method. To capture the essence of the lived experiences of African American pregnant women, a purposeful sample of 13 African American pregnant women were invited to participate in the study. Two focus groups discussions pertaining to breastfeeding intentions and perceptions were conducted. Data were collected using hand-written notes and audio-taped responses from participants. The data were analyzed using NVivo12 Plus qualitative software program to discover themes and patterns. The findings resulted in 3 themes and 2 subthemes. The themes that emerged from the responses were (a) breastfeeding is the best feeding option, (b) breastfeeding barriers, and (c) breastfeeding intentions and duration. There was identified support in terms of intentions to initiate breastfeeding immediate postpartum and continuing some breastfeeding through 6 months. Further results include subthemes of encouragement and outside influences and recommended future breastfeeding support. Breastfeeding barriers ranged from previous negative experiences, negative comments and advice from family and friends, perceived lack of milk, and pain. This study contributes to positive social change within the community by providing some insight into possible interventions or approaches to improve breastfeeding intentions and to ultimately improve the lives of infants.
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Xie, Jingying, and 谢静颖. "A cross-sectional knowledge, attitude and practice study among women with unplanned pregnancy in Guangzhou, China." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2011. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B46943729.
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Coolidge, Amy (Amy Lewis). "College Students' Attitudes toward Pregnancy and Women in the Work Force." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1997. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278342/.
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The purpose of this study was to assess college students' attitudes toward pregnancy and women in the work force following the passage of the Family Medical Leave Act of 1993. Data were obtained from 347 students at a university in North Texas during the spring semester of 1997. Gender, age, employment status, parental status, and citizenship were independent variables hypothesized to influence attitudes toward pregnant working women. Gender was significant for the following factors: pregnant women as employees (p<.001), emotional stereotypes (p<.001), choosing family or career (p<.001), and physical limitations (p<.001). Those students 17-19-years-old had a more negative attitude toward pregnant women choosing work over family (p<.001) than did the older students.
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Maart, Lana Catherine. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices related to lifestyle factors among childbearing women in the West Coast/Winelands health district." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 1990. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_5520_1207815219.
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Many of the known risk factors associated with low birth weight, such as socio-economic status, ethnicity, genetic makeup, and obstetric history, are not within a women's immediate control. However, there are many things that a woman can do to improve her chances of having a normal healthy child. Lifestyle behaviours, such as cigarette smoking, nutrition and the use of alcohol, play an important role in determining the growth of the fetus. The aim of this study was to establish the knowledge, attitudes and practices related to lifestyle factors such as alcohol use, smoking and nutrition among childbearing women and health care workers on the farms in Stellenbosch and Vredendal.
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Chu, Tsz-wai Annie, and 朱梓慧. "An explorative longitudinal study of disordered eating attitudes and behaviors among pregnant women in Hong Kong." Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2004. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B29760033.
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Abdelseed, Abdelseed Ibrahim. "Oral health status, knowledge, attitudes and practice among pregnant women attending Omdurman Maternity Hospital, Khartoum, Sudan." Thesis, University of Western Cape, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/3760.
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Magister Scientiae Dentium - MSc(Dent)The aim of the research was to determine oral health status, knowledge, attitude and practicesv regarding oral hygiene among pregnant women attending Omdurman Maternity Hospital in Khartoum, Sudan.
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Abdul, Rouf P. V. "Exploring patient and health professional use, views and attitudes towards complementary and alternative medicines during pregnancy." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=228640.
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The aim of this doctoral research was to explore CAM use in pregnancy from the perspectives of pregnant women and health professionals. The research was conducted in four phases: a systematic review of the published literature from 2008-2012; cross sectional surveys of two cohorts of women during the first and last trimester; and a cross sectional survey of health professionals (midwives, obstetricians, anaesthetists) at Aberdeen Maternity Hospital. The systematic review reported a significant proportion of women used CAM during pregnancy with prevalence rates ranging from 5.8% to 74.2%. The study of health professionals identified that more than 30% of respondents have prescribed, referred or advised the use of CAM to pregnant women. The main associated factor for CAM use was, 'personal use of CAM', with an odds ratio of 8.26 (95% CI 3.09–22.05; P < 0.001). Two thirds of women (63%) reported using CAM, excluding vitamins and minerals, during early pregnancy. The independent predictors of CAM use identified were: use by family and friends (OR 4.1, 95% CI 2.3–7.3, p < 0.001); ethnicity (non-white British) (OR 3.4, 95% CI 1.8–6.8, p < 0.001); and use prior to pregnancy (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2–4.8, p = 0.014). Two thirds of women (61.4%) reported using CAM, excluding vitamins and minerals, during the third trimester. The independent associated factors for CAM medicine use identified were: CAM use before pregnancy (odds ratio [OR] 4.36, 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.39–7.95, P<0.001); a university education (OR 2.41, 95% CI 1.46–4.0, P<0.001), and CAM use by family or friends (OR 2.36, 95% CI 1.61–3.47,P<0.001). The lack of an evidence based approach together with the reliance on the advice of family and friends is of concern given the lack of robust data of efficacy and safety. To date, four peer reviewed papers from this doctoral research have been published.
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Black, Mairead. "Mode of delivery after caesarean section : an investigation of offspring risks and factors influencing women's attitudes towards delivery options." Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2016. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=231770.
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Over 18 million caesarean sections (CS) are performed around the world each year, with many being planned repeat CS which may lack absolute indications. Abdominal delivery on this scale demands an appreciation of the lasting impact, positive or negative, on the health of women and children. Maternal outcomes of planned CS birth have been extensively investigated, but knowledge of outcomes for offspring is largely limited to those occurring in the neonatal period. Avoiding labour and vaginal birth may protect offspring from birth injuries, but could also adversely affect their later health due to avoidance of physiological processes which aid immunity and gut function. Concern that CS may compromise offspring health has arisen from studies which demonstrate an increased risk of chronic health problems following CS compared with vaginal birth. However, the clinical implications of existing studies are unclear due to high risk of selection bias, confounding and lack of power. Studies which can overcome these issues are required. Studies focusing on offspring of women with a history of CS mean the risk of confounding by indication for CS is minimised, as the majority of repeat CS are planned due to maternal preference rather than medical indications. At present, it is not known whether perceived offspring health outcomes of mode of delivery drive women's birth choices after a previous CS, and if so, whether such beliefs reflect evidence-based information on offspring risks. The existing literature highlights a number of factors that may play a role in shaping these birth choices, but no studies have attempted to identify beliefs which independently predict birth preferences after a CS. Such a study has potential to identify key beliefs to target in future interventions designed to optimise women's birth choices. This project investigated both the health of offspring delivered by planned repeat CS and women's beliefs which predict their preferred mode of delivery after CS. Offspring health was investigated using a population-based cohort study. Pregnant women's beliefs about birth after CS were investigated using a synthesis of qualitative literature and a theory based interview and questionnaire study.
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Patrylo, Jessica. "Examining Predictors of Attitudes and Knowledge of Registered Nurses and Nursing Students in Tennessee toward Pregnant and Perinatal Women with a Substance Use Disorder." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2021. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3951.
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Substance use disorders (SUDs) among pregnant and perinatal women continue to be a national public health crisis. Furthermore, nursing students and perinatal nurses have historically negative and punitive attitudes toward this vulnerable population of women. As nurses are primary care providers for pregnant and perinatal women, this is troublesome as perinatal patients express feeling stigmatized by nurses whom they should be able to trust. This contributes to the reluctance of women to seek needed medical and prenatal care. Tennessee was the first state to criminalize drug use in pregnancy and has higher neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) rates, which were more than 2 times the national average in 2017. The purpose of this descriptive cross-sectional non-experimental study was to examine how formal SUD nursing education, personal experiences, and participant characteristics predict attitudes and knowledge of nursing students and practicing perinatal nurses in Tennessee toward pregnant and perinatal women with an SUD. The sample consisted of 262 nursing students and 99 perinatal nurses across the west, middle, and eastern regions of Tennessee. A linear multiple regression showed that having a personal experience with a close friend with an SUD was predictive of improved knowledge scores of pregnant and perinatal SUDs. Independent samples t-tests were non-significant between formal SUD nursing education and attitudes and knowledge. Additionally, non-significant findings were seen between having a personal experience with a family member with an SUD and attitudes and knowledge. The findings suggest that Tennessee nursing education efforts were not influential in positively affecting attitudes and knowledge scores toward pregnant and perinatal women with an SUD. Future studies focused on exploring various educational interventions to promote knowledge, improve attitudes, and empathy in nursing populations toward pregnant and perinatal women with an SUD are warranted.
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Yacelga, Calderon Elva Susana. "Knowledge, attitudes and practices concerning alimentary customs and beliefs of women with children younger than 5 years old, nursing and pregnant mothers, of the following ethnic groups: black, mixed race and natives in three rural regions of the Imbabura province, 1998-1999." BYU ScholarsArchive, 2000. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/5453.
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Ecuador, a country of multi-ethnic culture, has very acute health problems, especially in rural areas where two out of every three poverty-stricken Ecuadorians live. 77% of the population under 18 years of age is under the poverty level. The greater part of the indigenous population inhabits the rural areas of the Andes and the Amazon. 76% of children in the rural Andes are poor. Little Afro-Ecuadorian boys and girls also face severe disadvantages where, in the rural areas, poverty climbs above 70% of the population under 18 years of age. Academic desertion is another factor that affects especially the young women, who have to assume agricultural and communitary jobs due to the adult men's migration to the cities. In areas of indigenous population, chronic malnutrition in those who are under five years of age ascends to 65.3% while the national average reaches 49.4%. Another at-risk group is expecting mothers. Of every 1,000 births, 70 will die before living one year, and for every 100,000 births, 198 mothers die. The Province of Imbabura is rich in alimentary production and has hot, cold, and temperate climates which in turn contribute to a diversity of cultivated products. Nevertheless, the polarization of wealth and the existence of classes with low income levels lessen the possibility of acquiring good nutrition. To this is added the individual nutritional customs and beliefs of each culture that do not allow adequate nourishment in communities which are principally indigenous, Mestizo, and Black. Indigenous, Mestizo, and Black communities have very small parcels of land (minifundios or "small farms") which they cultivate with few resources and tools. This destines the majority for living conditions of extreme poverty. The majority of Mestizos are unemployed or semi-employed, have limited health services, and lack a basic sanitary infrastructure. Another minority group is the Blacks, the majority of whom cultivate fruit and legumes, who also have limited health services and a barely acceptable sanitary infrastructure. In addition, all of these people are victims of racism and federal neglect, and claim the highest rates in general, infant, and maternal mortality in the country. This reality makes difficult the development of adequate training activities which bring about the improvement of the nutritional state of the designated at-risk groups: nursing babies, children under five years of age, and pregnant women. Facing this lacerative situation, and thanks to the support of the EZRA TAFT BENSON Institute (Agriculture and Food Institute. Brigham Young University), we designed this study to determine the understanding, attitudes, and practices in nutritional traditions and beliefs of mothers of nursing babies, children under five years old, and expecting mothers. These three groups were analyzed within the three ethnic groups in the communities of Chota, La Gangotena, and Chilcapamba-communities selected randomly and because of their ethnic populations. In the mothers of the three ethnic groups, we found similar beliefs regarding certain foods. But, there are also discrepancies regarding other recommended and prohibited foods. Diets have a lack of indispensable foods such as vitamins and minerals. Even though these goods are produced in the communities, they are not administered due to stronger ancestral traditions and beliefs. This study provides profound knowledge of their nutritional traditions and beliefs, and with the results, an appropriate intervening proposition may be formulated. The proposition will permit the bettering of alimentary and nutritional conditions in nursing babies, children under five years, and pregnant women by ethnic groups. The Universidad Ténica del Norte has complied in this manner with the social commitment assigned by the State for improving the quality of life of Ecuadorians in general and of the groups studied in particular.
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Matroshe, Florence Nozakhe Skoti. "Attitudes, knowledge and behaviour of HIV positive pregnant women attending antenatal care in Buffalo city metropolitan district East London towards prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT)." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/d1016150.
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The National HIV and AIDS and STI strategic plan for South Africa, 2007-2011 aims to reduce the rate of mother to child transmission to less than 5% by 2011. On the World Aids day in 2009, the Honorable President Jacob Zuma announced the intervention to improve antiretroviral therapy (ARV), access to priority group’s in order to decrease the disease burden, to address maternal and child mortality, and to improve life expectancy (PMTCT Guidelines: 2010). According to the literature reviewed, accepting attitudes may indicate better knowledge and understanding of HIV and AIDS. Marking a change in South Africa’s history of HIV the South African Government launched a major HIV Counseling and Testing program campaign (HCT) in 2010. For the PMTCT program to work and be acceptable, it needs to be known by its clients. It helps the individual to know about their status so that they make important choices for self and others. Amongst the important choices, medications for opportunistic medications, ARV’S, behavior change, etc, are included (Project Literacy 2006:40). Aim and Objectives: The study assessed the knowledge that the pregnant women have towards the prevention of mother to-child transmission which includes HIV testing, antiretroviral prophylaxis during pregnancy, labour, and post natal and feeding options. Methods: A quantitative descriptive method was used for this study. The questionnaires developed by the researcher were used for data collection. The items on the questionnaire were divided into four (4) subsections. The questionnaire was administered to all positive pregnant women coming for follow up visit and those available at the time of data collection. Conclusion: In this study evaluation of the level of knowledge and attitude of positive pregnant women with regard to PMTCT in 5 Buffalo City Municipality clinics was conducted. It was found that some of positive pregnant women have better knowledge about PMTC though there were still those that need further education. Recommendations: The service providers, who are the professional nurses, should be provided with proper training on PMTCT program to improve their standard of service delivery and to capacitate them with knowledge and skills. Integration of HIV related health aspects during assessment and treatment of pregnant women should be strengthened, as the purpose of implementation of PMTCT was to reduce mortality rate by 50%, and also to reach the 4th Millennium Development Goal of reducing these deaths by two-thirds by 2015.east london towards prevention of mother to child transmission (pmtct)
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Nohaji, Essinah Nosisi. "Attitudes of midwives towards the implementation of choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act in the health facilities of the O.R. Tambo District." Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/517.
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The focus of the study was to evaluate the attitudes of midwives towards the implementation of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act in the O.R. Tambo District hospitals in the Eastern Cape. There was no provision for termination of pregnancy (TOP) for unplanned pregnancy until 1994 when the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy (CTOP) Act was introduced. This act allowed any pregnant woman to request TOP when she wished for TOP. The midwives could voluntarily undergo training in TOP services and the designated institutions started offering TOP services, but stopped at a later stage. This resulted in overcrowding in health institutions which continued rendering TOP services. The researcher posed one question to be answered as: What are the attitudes of the midwives who are employed by health institutions in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape Province towards the implementation of the Choice on Termination of Pregnancy Act? The aim of the study was to evaluate the attitude of midwives towards the implementation of the CTOP Act in the O.R. Tambo District hospitals. The objective of this study was to determine the attitudes of these midwives towards the implementation of these services in the O.R. Tambo District in the Eastern Cape Province. A quantitative descriptive design was used in this study. The population consisted of 150 midwives from two hospitals in the O.R. Tambo District. The sample consisted of 75 midwives; 30 midwives from Hospital 1 and 45 midwives from Hospital 2. Random systemic sampling was used in selecting the participants. Data were collected using a questionnaire developed by the researcher and approved by the supervisor and the University of Fort Hare Ethics Committee. In the study, using a sample of (n = 75), the attitude on the implementation of CTOP scale had high reliability of 0.81. Data were analysed with the help of a statistician using Statistix 8.1 software for Windows. Approval to conduct the study was obtained from the University of Fort Hare Ethics Committee, Eastern Cape Department of Health and Hospital 1 and Hospital 2 before the study was conducted. The dignity of the participants was maintained by explaining v the topic of the research study, the aim and objectives of the study, the method to be used for data collection and the significance of the study. The participants were allowed to ask questions and the name and telephone of the supervisor were provided in case they needed some clarity. Voluntary, written informed consent was obtained before the interviews were conducted. Privacy, anonymity and confidentiality were ensured and maintained through all the stages of the research process. The finding of this study was that the midwives employed by the health institutions in O. R. Tambo District Municipality displayed positive responses in the majority (n=11/61.1%) of 18 items in the questionnaire. Since the midwives in this study demonstrated a positive attitude towards TOP, it was recommended that the reason for stopping the TOP services in the concerned institutions should be investigated. The following are also recommended: Compulsory training of midwives should include aspects of reproductive epidemiology, in particular, the epidemiology of unsafe abortions. Training in TOP services should continue, so that there will be adequate number of midwives to provide the TOP services, and consideration of special remuneration for TOP providers. Employment of managers trained in TOP and voluntary training of managers working in TOP sections should be considered so that they may provide effective support to TOP providers. Formation of support centres for TOP providers at Provincial and National levels. Education of the community in prevention of unwanted pregnancies by means of contraceptives and indications for a need to provide TOP services, to prevent victimisation of the TOP providers. Availability of a toll free number for reporting victimisation of the TOP providers.
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Kenana, Motlatsi Queen. "An evaluation of the attitudes and understanding of HIV/AIDS that underpins the decision to comply or not comply with prenatal HIV/AIDS testing." Thesis, University of the Western Cape, 2007. http://etd.uwc.ac.za/index.php?module=etd&action=viewtitle&id=gen8Srv25Nme4_9853_1256911768.
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This study aimed to explore the attitudes to HIV testing among a group of black, low socio-economic status pregnant women from Gugulethu, South Africa. The key research interest was to evaluate the attitudes and understandings of HIV/AIDS that underpin the decision to comply or not comply with prenatal HIV testing. Theories of health behaviour concur that the extent to which an individual will engage in a given health behaviour, such as HIV test compliance, will be a function of the extent to which a person believes she is personally susceptible to the particular illness and her evaluation of the severity of the consequences of contracting the disease.
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Scheepers, Patricia. "Educators' knowledge of and attitudes toward fetal alcohol spectrum disorder." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2079.
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Thesis (MEdPsych (Educational Psychology))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder, which is the most common cause of mental and learning disabilities in the world, is totally preventable. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder is not a genetic or inherited condition; however, it is permanent and reduces human potential. There is no cure or treatment. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder does not distinguish between race, class or culture and can affect children from all socio-economic groups. It is however more prevalent amongst poor, uneducated, uninformed and marginalised (minority groups) or aboriginal communities due to a variety of historical, sociopolitical and economic reasons. Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder has become a public health problem in South Africa in provinces like the Western and Northern Cape (winegrowing areas), where substantial research has been conducted and where alcohol abuse can be traced back to the ‘dop’ system. The highest documented prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in the world has been identified in these provinces amongst a marginalised group of people classified in South Africa as ‘coloured’. A substantial amount of research has been conducted on the characteristics, manifestation and prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in South Africa, but no research has yet been done to ascertain educators’ knowledge of and attitude to learners with Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder. In view of the high prevalence of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder in South Africa, and the possibility that many of the learners with learning and behavioural problems in our schools could be victims of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder (also known as a ‘hidden disability’) I concentrated my research on schools situated in low socio-economic areas on the Cape Flats where poverty and unemployment are high and shebeens are plentiful. Through this research I firstly wished to establish how much knowledge educators have of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and what their attitudes are toward learners manifesting the disorder. Secondly, my aim was to ascertain to what extent educators are able to support and identify these learners. Qualitative research methods and an interpretive constructivist paradigm were used to conduct the study. Data was primarily collected through the use of interviews, focus group discussions, observations and a research journal. Nine participants, from three different low socio-economic schools (one from each educational phase) on the Cape Flats, were involved. Themes that emerged from the data were analysed and recorded through the constant comparative method. They are discussed together with the research findings. This study revealed important issues pertaining to educators’ knowledge of Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorder and whether they are able to assist learners presenting with this disorder in mainstream education in South Africa. A number of recommendations are made for further research in this field.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom, wat as die algemeenste oorsaak van verstandelike en leergestremdhede in die wêreld beskou word, is ʼn sindroom wat voorkom kan word. Die sindroom is nie geneties of oorerflik nie, maar die skade is permanent omdat daar geen behandeling en teenmiddel is nie. Dit het gevolglik ʼn negatiewe impak op menslike vermoëns. Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom kan kinders van alle sosioekonomiese groepe affekteer en alhoewel dit nie kultuur-, ras- of klasgebonde is nie, is dit oorwegend ʼn algemene verskynsel onder groepe met ʼn lae opvoedingspeil, diegene wat oningelig en gemarginaliseer is (minderheidsgroepe) of dié wat as inboorlinggemeenskappe bekend staan, wat toegeskryf kan word aan verskeie historiese, sosio-politieke en ekonomiese redes. Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom is tans ʼn openbare gesondheidsprobleem in Suid-Afrika, veral in die wynstreke van die Wes- en Noord-Kaap. Omvattende navorsing is al in genoemde provinsies gedoen waar alkoholmisbruik ʼn lang aanloop het en verbind word met die dopstelsel. Die Wes-Kaap en Noord-Kaap is alombekend as provinsies met die hoogste voorkomsyfer van Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom FASD in die wêreld, veral onder ʼn gemarginaliseerde groep mense wat as die kleurlinge’ bekend staan. Alhoewel omvattende navorsing oor die karaktereienskappe, manifestasies en voorkoms van Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom in Suid-Afrika reeds gedoen is, kon geen navorsing gevind word wat die kennis van opvoeders en hul en houdings jeens leerders met Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom probeer vasstel nie. As die hoë voorkoms van Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom in ag geneem word, asook die moontlikheid dat baie leerders in ons skole leer- en gedragsprobleme manifesteer, kan daar waarskynlik slagoffers van Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom wees en wie se gestremdhede dus ‘onsigbaar’ is. My navorsing fokus daarom hoofsaaklik op skole in die lae sosio-ekonomiese areas van die Kaapse Vlakte, waar armoede en werkloosheid hoogty vier en waar daar ʼn hoë voorkoms van onwettige drankwinkels (‘sjebiens’) is. My primêre doel met hierdie navorsing was om die kennis van onderwysers oor Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom te bepaal en om die houding van opvoeders jeens leerders wat met kenmerke van hierdie sindroom vas te stel. Ek wou ook vasstel tot welke mate opvoeders bevoeg om is leerders met Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom te identifiseer en te ondersteun. Kwalitatiewe navorsingsmetodes en ʼn interpretatiewe konstruktivistiese paradigma is in die studie gebruik. Data is primêr ingesamel met behulp van onderhoude, fokusgroep-besprekings, observasies en ʼn navorsingsjoernaal. Nege deelnemers verbonde aan drie verskillende skole met lae sosio-ekonomiese vlakke (een opvoeder van elke opvoedingsfase), op die Kaapse Vlakte was by die studie betrokke. Temas wat blootgelê is deur die data is ontleed en by wyse van die konstante vergelykende metode opgeneem. Hulle word saam met die navorsingsbevindings bespreek. Die navorsing toon belangrike aspekte van opvoeders se kennis van Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom. Dit bevraagteken ook of hoofstroom-opvoeders in staat is om leerders met Fetale Alkohol Spektrumsindroom te ondersteun. Voortspruitend uit die bevindings word aanbevelings gemaak vir verdere ondersoeke op hierdie gebied.
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Van, Niekerk Elizabeth C. "Evaluation of a quality improvement cycle intervention in the provision of PMTCT at a regional hospital." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85669.
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Thesis (MMed)-- Stellenbosch University, 2013.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The vast majority of new Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) infections in infants and young children occur through mother-to-child-transmission (MTCT), either during pregnancy, labour or delivery or by breastfeeding. Without access to perinatal MTCT (PMTCT) programmes approximately 30% of all babies born annually will be infected with HIV. OBJECTIVES The aim was to implement and audit a quality improvement cycle at the Worcester Obstetric Unit, which comprises of Worcester Hospital, a regional hospital in the Western Cape Province and its level one midwife obstetric Unit (MOU), in order to improve the quality of the PMTCT programme. The intervention included the implementation of easy changes and tools in the Antenatal Clinic, Infectious Diseases Clinic and Labour ward. METHODS The files and antenatal records of all HIV positive patients and patients with an unknown HIV status, who delivered at the Worcester Obstetric Unit during January, February and March of 2010 and 2011, were reviewed. All HIV negative patients and patients that had stillbirths and miscarriages were excluded. The pre-interventional findings of 2010 were compared with the post-interventional findings of 2011. RESULTS At the Worcester Obstetric Unit, for the study time period, there were 907 deliveries in 2010, of which 102 (11.2%) patients were HIV positive and 4 (0.4%) had an unknown HIV status compared to 2011, with 865 deliveries of which 108(12.5%) patients were HIV positive and no patients had an unknown HIV status. Significantly more patients were diagnosed with HIV before they fell pregnant than during pregnancy in the 2011 group, when compared with the 2010 group. A CD4 count was done on 94% of patients who were newly diagnosed with HIV and those with an unknown CD4 count result in the 2010 group, compared to 92% in 2011. There was a significant improvement after the intervention in the time it took from when blood was drawn for a CD4 count until the result was followed up, the median time decreased from 34 to 8 days (p=0.000001). Significantly more patients qualified for highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) after the guidelines were changed and the CD4 cut off was increased to 350 cells/l (p=0.001). Prior the intervention 18 patients did not receive the correct management before delivery due to preventable reasons, compared to one at the MOU. After the intervention this decreased significantly to only one patient at Worcester Hospital and none at the MOU (p=0.000001). Before the intervention adherence to the PMTCT protocol at the MOU was significantly better than at the hospital (p=0.0005) and after the intervention there was no significant difference (p=1.0). CONCLUSION Although the audit and quality improvement cycle was performed at a single hospital, with specific changes geared towards their needs, the basic principles can be applied to any Unit in the country providing a PMTCT service. Educating staff, creating awareness and reminding staff of the basic principles of PMTCT, implementing small changes and streamlining processes and setting specific goals or timelines, can lead to significant improvements in care, which ultimately will lead to a decrease in PMTCT of HIV and HIV related maternal and infant morbidity and mortality.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die oorgrote meerderheid (>90%) van nuwe Menslike Immuniteitsgebreksvirus (MIV) infeksies in babas en jong kinders vind plaas deur middel van moeder-na-kind-oordrag, hetsy gedurende swangerskap, die kraamproses of borsvoeding. Sonder toegang tot perinatale voorkomingsprogramme (PMTCT) sal ongeveer 30% van alle babas jaarliks met MIV geïnfekteer word. DOELWITTE Die doel van die studie was om ‘n gehalteverbeteringsiklus by die Worcester Verloskunde Eenheid, wat bestaan uit Worcester Hospitaal, 'n streekshospitaal in die Wes-Kaapprovinsie en sy vlak een vroedvrou verlossingseenheid (VVE), te implementer en daarna te oudit, om sodoende die gehalte van die PMTCT-program te verbeter. Die intervensie het bestaan uit die implementering van eenvoudige veranderinge en prosesse in die voorgeboortekliniek, infeksiesiekte-kliniek en kraamsaal. METODES Die lêers en voorgeboorte rekords van alle MIV-positiewe pasiënte en pasiënte met 'n onbekende MIV-status, wat gedurende Januarie, Februarie en Maart van 2010 en 2011 verlos het by die Worcester Verloskunde Eenheid, is nagegaan. Alle MIV-negatiewe pasiënte en pasiënte met doodgebore babas en miskrame is uitgesluit. Die pre-intervensie bevindings van 2010 is vergelyk met die post-intervensie bevindings van 2011. RESULTATE By die Worcester Verloskunde Eenheid was daar 907 geboortes gedurende die studietydperk in 2010, waarvan 102 (11,2%) pasiënte MIV-positief was en 4 (0,4%) met ‘n onbekende MIV-status. In 2011 was daar 865 geboortes waarvan 108 (12,5%) pasiënte MIV-positief was en geen met 'n onbekende MIV-status. In die 2011-groep is beduidend meer pasiënte gediagnoseer met MIV voor as tydens swangerskap. In die 2010-groep is daar 'n CD4-telling gedoen vir 94% van nuut gediagnoseerde pasiënte en diegene met 'n onbekende CD4-telling, in vergelyking met 92% in 2011. Daar was 'n beduidende verbetering na die intervensie in die tyd wat dit geneem het vandat bloed getrek is vir 'n CD4-telling totdat die resultaat opgevolg is. Die mediane tyd het verminder vanaf 34 na 8 dae (p = 0.000001). Nadat die riglyne vir kwalifisering vir hoogs aktiewe antiretrovirale terapie (HAART) verander is na ‘n CD4 telling 350 selle/l het daar beduidend meer pasiënte gekwalifiseer vir HAART. By Worcester Hospitaal het 18 pasiënte voor die intervensie nie die korrekte behandeling intrapartum ontvang nie weens voorkombare redes, in vergelyking met slegs een pasiënt by die VVE. Na die intervensie was daar ‘n beduidende afname na slegs een pasiënt by Worcester Hospitaal en geen by die MOU (p = 0.000001). Voor die intervensie was die korrekte uitvoering van die PMTCT-protokol by die MOU beduidend beter as by die hospitaal (p = 0,0005) en na die intervensie was daar geen beduidende verskil (p = 1.0). GEVOLGTREKKING Alhoewel die oudit en gehalteverbeteringsiklus uitgevoer is by 'n enkele hospitaal, met spesifieke veranderinge gerig tot hul behoeftes, kan die basiese beginsels toegepas word in enige eenheid in die land wat ‘n PMTCT diens verskaf. Opvoeding van personeel en bewusmaking rakende die basiese beginsels van PMTCT, klein veranderinge en die vaartbelyning van prosesse by die voorgeboorte klinieke en die stel van spesifieke doelwitte of tydlyne, kan lei tot aansienlike verbeteringe in pasiënte sorg. Dit sal uiteindelik lei tot 'n afname in die MIV oordrag van moeder na kind, asook MIV-verwante morbiditeit en mortaliteit in moeders en kinders.
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Conover, Kristen. "Attitudes and beliefs of African American women on contraception as pregnancy prevention." Connect to resource, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1811/32153.
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Mfolo, Tshepiso. "Knowledge Attitude and Perception of Pregnant Women about Early Childhood caries in Tshwane District Gauteng South Africa." Diss., University of Pretoria, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/76716.
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Introduction: Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a serious public health concern globally especially in developing countries like South Africa. The main source from which infants acquire the causative bacteria - Mutans Streptococci (MS) is their mothers. The mothers with high levels of MS have a greater chance of transmitting the bacteria, particularly if they are involved in practices such as tasting the infant’s food and/or sharing eating utensils. Current research indicates that dental public health programmes fail to prevent ECC because of late intervention.
Objective: This study sought to determine the existing knowledge, attitudes and perceptions (KAP) of pregnant women about ECC in a population in Tshwane district, Gauteng province, South Africa and to compare these KAP across socio-economic groups (SES).
Methodology: A cross-sectional analytical study involving consenting pregnant women recruited from selected private and public antenatal healthcare facilities in the Tshwane District area was conducted. This study involved the use of a validated self-administered structured questionnaire and an oral epidemiological clinical examination (modified by WHO Oral Health Assessment 1997 Guidelines). One calibrated examiner using a dental explorer and a mouth mirror under natural light carried out the oral examination. Data analysis included descriptive statistics, principal component analysis to obtain a composite score for participant’s attitude towards ECC; and chi-square and independent student’s T-test to compare different groups. Significance level was set at p<0.05.
Results: Response rate was 88.9% (n=353). Respondents’ age ranged from 18-44years (Mean age=31years). Only 18.7% of the respondents had complete knowledge of the cause of dental caries i.e. both sugar (diet) and biologic agent (bacterial plaque) whilst over half of the respondents (55.5%) mentioned only one factor. The participants’ knowledge of the cause of ECC was significantly associated with SES. A few mothers-to-be (13.9%) believed in the caries transmission from mother to child. Reported mean age for the child’s first dental visit was 2 years and 8 months. Only a quarter of respondents received oral health education for their unborn child during the antenatal visits. The majority of the pregnant women (93.8%) expressed the desire to receive information during the antenatal visit. The participants’ attitudes towards ECC was significantly associated with SES.
The caries prevalence of the pregnant women was high at 64.3%, with mean DMFT of 2.97(SD 3.20). High participant DMFT was significantly associated with reports of ‘rotten teeth’ in their other children. Only 19.3% mothers-to-be had visited a dental care provider in the last 6-months.
Conclusion: The knowledge of the pregnant women studied on ECC is incomplete and limited, while their attitudes and perceptions towards ECC was satisfactory. Therefore there is a need for the integration of oral health education with maternal and child health activities in both antenatal and post-natal clinics. There is a need for the oral health professionals to collaborate with other health works to reduce the prevalence of ECC.Dissertation (MSc Dent)--University of Pretoria, 2019.
Community Dentistry
MSc Dent
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Salter, Alice I. "Sexual knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of women during a first pregnancy from a developmental perspective." Thesis, Boston University, 1988. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/38097.
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Thesis (Ed.D.)--Boston UniversityPLEASE NOTE: Boston University Libraries did not receive an Authorization To Manage form for this thesis or dissertation. It is therefore not openly accessible, though it may be available by request. If you are the author or principal advisor of this work and would like to request open access for it, please contact us at open-help@bu.edu. Thank you.
This exploratory study of thirty-two women between the ages of seventeen and forty provides a description of sexuality during a first pregnancy using the conceptual framework of adult development based on Levinson's theory. The two purposes of this study were to study the relationship between knowledge, attitudes, and sexual behavior of women pregnant for the first time (these women being at various chronological ages which corresponded to Levinson's four phases of early adulthood), and to assess in more detail the specific developmental life issues of these pregnant women as they interfaced with their perceived sexuality during the time of this first pregnancy. Data collection consisted of the administration of the Sex Knowledge and Attitude Test to the thirty-two volunteer participants who were in the last month of their first pregnancy. After completion of this questionnaire, in-depth interviews were conducted with eight of those volunteers. [TRUNCATED]
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Turner, Katrina M. "Predictable pathways? : an exploration of young women's perceptions of teenage pregnancy and early motherhood." Thesis, University of Stirling, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/17764.
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While young women from relatively affluent backgrounds tend to abort their pregnancies, young women from relatively deprived backgrounds tend to keep theirs. It has been suggested that this socio-economic-pregnancy outcome relationship is due to some form of subcultural acceptance of teenage motherhood existing among disadvantaged groups. The aim of this thesis was to assess how young, never pregnant women from diverse social and economic backgrounds perceive teenage pregnancy and early motherhood, and to consider whether these perceptions could, at least in part, explain this relationship. 248 women (mean age 15.6) completed a questionnaire which requested information on their lives, experiences, expectations about their futures, and their views of teenage pregnancy and early motherhood. Six discussion groups were then held with selected sub-groups of these women to explore their views in greater detail. As the thesis had an additional aim of exploring the process embarked upon by women following the confirmation of a teenage pregnancy, semi-structured interviews were conducted with eight women who were currently pregnant, had recently entered motherhood, or had an abortion. It was evident that young women from relatively deprived backgrounds may be more likely than their relatively affluent peers to predict they would keep a teenage pregnancy, and may anticipate early motherhood as having fewer implications for their current situation and futures. It was also evident that young women may view this role as beneficial and plan their pregnancies. However, it was clear that young women from diverse backgrounds may view early motherhood in a predominately negative light, and a range of factors may influence the outcome of a teenage pregnancy. Thus, whilst there was evidence to support the subcultural acceptance hypothesis, it did appear that this acceptance is one which would maintain a young woman on the pathway to motherhood rather than encouraging her to enter this role.
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Höglund, Berit. "Pregnancy, Childbirth and Midwifery Care among Women with Intellectual Disability in Sweden : Epidemiological and Descriptive Studies." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för kvinnors och barns hälsa, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-183388.
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The overall aim of this thesis was to investigate pregnancy and childbirth in women with intellectual disability (ID), in Sweden, the health of their newborns and midwifery care for these women. Two register studies and two descriptive studies are included. Pregnancy and birth outcomes as well as data on the newborns’ health were examined by linking data from the National Patient Register and the Medical Birth Register (I-II). The women’s experience of pregnancy and delivery was investigated with repeated interviews (III). Midwives’ knowledge of, experience of and attitudes towards pregnancy and childbirth in women with ID were evaluated with questionnaires (IV). Mothers with ID were more often teenagers, smoked more during pregnancy and had more Caesarean Sections. Their children had a higher proportion of pre-term births, were small-for-gestational-age, stillborn or died in the perinatal period. The women with ID struggled to attain motherhood and feared to lose custody of the child. The pregnancy was seen as a happy event, even though relatives did not always approve. Parent education was considered important, but not adequately adapted to their needs. The birth process was overwhelming and difficult to understand, but the child was welcomed with warm feelings, and breastfeeding was natural. Midwives stated it was different to care for women with ID and requested additional knowledge. The majority of midwives affirmed that women with ID could not manage the mother role satisfactorily, and one-third expressed that women with ID should refrain from having children. A majority of the midwives considered that the children should grow up with the parents with support from family and society, but one out of five stated that the children should grow up in foster care. Conclusion: Women with ID and their children should be considered as risk groups in pregnancy and childbirth. Professionals in maternity services need to elucidate their knowledge and skills for counselling and supporting this particular group of pregnant women in pre-, intra- and post-partum care.
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Lo, Seen-tsing Sue. "A study on the policy options for the HKSAR Government to tackle the low fertility rate in Hong Kong." Thesis, View the Table of Contents & Abstract, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B31363179.
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Peluso, Anthony. "A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Abortion Attitudes and Perceptions among Women Living in Alabama and South Carolina." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2020. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3794.
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Legal induced abortion is a safe option for terminating a pregnancy for women of reproductive age in the United States (U.S.), though access has varied since the Roe v. Wade and Doe v. Bolton cases in 1973. Information is lacking on women’s attitudes toward and perceptions of abortion as well as on related constructs such as pregnancy attitudes and contraceptive use. Exploring these constructs is important in that it can provide much needed context to women’s reproductive life planning. This research aimed to explore perceptions of abortion access and safety and examine the potential associations between attitudes toward abortion access and pregnancy avoidance and contraceptive use, respectively, among women living in Alabama and South Carolina. Secondary data were from two representative, statewide surveys of reproductive-aged women (18-44 years) living in Alabama and South Carolina. This mixed-methods research used thematic analysis to categorize open-ended responses regarding perceptions of abortion access and safety and bivariate (χ2 tests) and multivariate analyses to assess the relationships between abortion attitudes and pregnancy avoidance and contraceptive use, respectively. In Study 1, half of women (50.0%) thought that an abortion was very or somewhat easy to obtain and less than half women (41.2%) perceived abortion as very or somewhat safe in their state. The most common open-ended response themes were abortion legality and restrictions and abortion as similar to any medical procedure. In Study 2, women who were ambivalent about pregnancy avoidance or who found it unimportant to avoid pregnancy were less likely to agree that safe, effective, and affordable methods of abortion care should be available to women in their community compared to those who found it important to avoid pregnancy (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR), 0.53 and 0.55, respectively). In Study 3, contraceptive users were more likely to agree that safe, effective, and affordable methods of abortion should be available to women in their community than contraceptive non-users (aOR, 1.43). There are clear opportunities for key stakeholders in reproductive health and health policy to unite in efforts to create woman-centered practices, programs, and policies to meet the reproductive health needs of the women they serve.
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Peluso, Anthony. "A Mixed-Methods Analysis of Abortion Attitudes and Perceptions among Women Living in Alabama and South Carolina." Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2008. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/3794.
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Legal induced abortion is a safe option for terminating a pregnancy for women of reproductive age in the United States (U.S.), though access has varied since the Roe v. Wade and Doe v. Bolton cases in 1973. Information is lacking on women’s attitudes toward and perceptions of abortion as well as on related constructs such as pregnancy attitudes and contraceptive use. Exploring these constructs is important in that it can provide much needed context to women’s reproductive life planning. This research aimed to explore perceptions of abortion access and safety and examine the potential associations between attitudes toward abortion access and pregnancy avoidance and contraceptive use, respectively, among women living in Alabama and South Carolina. Secondary data were from two representative, statewide surveys of reproductive-aged women (18-44 years) living in Alabama and South Carolina. This mixed-methods research used thematic analysis to categorize open-ended responses regarding perceptions of abortion access and safety and bivariate (χ2 tests) and multivariate analyses to assess the relationships between abortion attitudes and pregnancy avoidance and contraceptive use, respectively. In Study 1, half of women (50.0%) thought that an abortion was very or somewhat easy to obtain and less than half women (41.2%) perceived abortion as very or somewhat safe in their state. The most common open-ended response themes were abortion legality and restrictions and abortion as similar to any medical procedure. In Study 2, women who were ambivalent about pregnancy avoidance or who found it unimportant to avoid pregnancy were less likely to agree that safe, effective, and affordable methods of abortion care should be available to women in their community compared to those who found it important to avoid pregnancy (adjusted Odds Ratio (aOR), 0.53 and 0.55, respectively). In Study 3, contraceptive users were more likely to agree that safe, effective, and affordable methods of abortion should be available to women in their community than contraceptive non-users (aOR, 1.43). There are clear opportunities for key stakeholders in reproductive health and health policy to unite in efforts to create woman-centered practices, programs, and policies to meet the reproductive health needs of the women they serve.
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Lewthwaite, Barbara Jean. "Listening to the voices, a qualitative study to examine the attitudes of women related to the routine use of ultrasonography in pregnancy." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1999. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape9/PQDD_0002/MQ45084.pdf.
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Nkwandla, Buyiswa. "Knowledge, attitude and practices of HIV positive pregnant women towards the prevention of mother-to-child transmission (pmtc) in Khayelitsha maternity obstetric unit in the Western Cape." University of the Western Cape, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/8092.
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Magister CurationisThe National Programme of Prevention of Mother to Child transmission (PMTCT) in relation to HIV/AIDS was introduced by the Department of Health in different sites per province in South Africa in 2001. The number of women has a chance to access antenatal clinic services during pregnancy but they start to attend usually in late gestation.
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Sobamowo, Samuel Oluwafemi. "The contraceptive knowledge, attitudes and practice among women seeking induced abortion in Mitchell's Plain District Hospital, women's health clinic, Western Cape, South Africa." Master's thesis, Faculty of Health Sciences, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32988.
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Background: There is an increased awareness among women of child bearing age on the forms of contraceptives in South Africa. Despite this, there has been a steady rise in the number of induced abortions conducted in the country. The aim and objectives of this study was to understand the contraceptive choices of the women requesting termination of pregnancy as well as their knowledge, attitude and practice toward contraceptives in one of the District Hospitals in Western Cape, South Africa. Methods: This was a cross sectional descriptive study which was conducted in Mitchell's Plain District Hospital, among women seeking induced abortion. Women aged 18 years and older seeking elective Termination of Pregnancy were included in the study. Convenience sampling method was used to select the participants women attending the clinic and who were willing to participate. Researcher-administered questionnaires were used as a data collection tool, and the data analyzed using SPSS version 25. Correlation between socio-demographic factors and contraceptive uptake was made using chi-square and Fisher's tests. Results: Most of the participants were between the ages of 26-39 years, single, unemployed and did not have matric education. There was an acceptable knowledge on contraceptives in terms of types, sources and side effects. However, there was low uptake of contraceptives (17%) prior to falling pregnant. The most common barriers to contraceptives use were side effects, no time to visit the clinic and low level of education. Conclusion: Findings from this study showed that awareness and knowledge of contraceptives does not necessarily translate to practice. In the future, it would be worthwhile to conduct a qualitative in-depth study on decision-making and behavior of all women around contraceptives.
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Archabald, Karen. "The Impact of Prenatal Discussion of Breastfeeding by Health Care Providers on Feeding Choice." Yale University, 2008. http://ymtdl.med.yale.edu/theses/available/etd-08102007-151954/.
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Breastfeeding initiation rates in the United States remain below the Healthy People 2010 goals. Research indicates patient interaction with health care providers may play an important role in womens ultimate feeding choice. This study sought to examine the impact of provider counseling regarding breastfeeding during the prenatal period on feeding outcome by evaluating: 1) if providers addressed womens concerns regarding breastfeeding; and 2) how providers responded to a womans feeding choice. We also sought to examine whether the type of counseling provided by providers regarding infant feeding is influenced by patient socio-demographics and stated feeding plans. This study is cross-sectional with convenience sampling of all English or Spanish speaking women on the postpartum floor at Yale-New Haven Hospital. A total of 130 women participated. Overall, 95.4% of women identified a concern they had about breastfeeding during the prenatal period, and one quarter of patients had their concerns about breastfeeding addressed. The majority of patients (74.6%) were asked about their feeding plans, and 50.5% were encouraged to breastfeed. Unlike the majority of studies that indicate young, African American, poorly educated, unmarried and low income women are less likely to receive counseling from providers to breastfeed, providers in our study area focused their efforts on this population. In multivariate analysis, neither having concerns addressed nor being encouraged to breastfeed were associated with increased likelihood of breastfeeding. Addressing patients concerns may be most relevant in the small subset of patients who make their feeding choice during pregnancy. Finally, women who were asked about their plans and had their concerns addressed (p=.010) or were encouraged to breastfeed (p=.040) were more likely to make their decision during pregnancy compared to before pregnancy than women whose providers did not discuss these issues. Likewise, mixed feeders were more likely to make their decision regarding infant feeding during rather than before pregnancy. This data suggests providers may be encouraging women to think more thoroughly about the possibility of breastfeeding, thus delaying their decision. In conclusion, many women are not being encouraged to breastfeed or having their concerns about breastfeeding addressed. All women would benefit from prenatal discussion of these topics; however, the effect may be most profound in women who make their decision regarding feeding during pregnancy.
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Stenson, Kristina. "Men's Violence against Women – a Challenge in Antenatal Care." Doctoral thesis, Uppsala : Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis : Univ.-bibl. [distributör], 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-4140.
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Meireles, Juliana Fernandes Filgueiras. "Imagem corporal e fatores associados à gestação: investigação transversal e longitudinal." Universidade Federal de Juiz de Fora, 2015. https://repositorio.ufjf.br/jspui/handle/ufjf/306.
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CAPES - Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior
Durante a gestação, uma imagem corporal negativa é de particular importância, pois pode ter implicações graves para a saúde materna e infantil. Objetivo geral: Avaliar atitudes relacionadas à imagem corporal (atratividade, autodepreciação, gordura total, saliência do corpo, percepção de gordura na porção inferior do corpo e força e fitness) de gestantes na cidade de Juiz de Fora/MG. Métodos: Este estudo adotou multimétodos de investigação, quais sejam: quantitativo, descritivo, correlacional, transversal e longitudinal. Participaram da pesquisa, no total, 386 gestantes que realizavam o pré-natal nos setores público e privado da cidade de Juiz de Fora/Minas Gerais (MG), entre 18 a 46 anos de idade (média de 29,32 ± 6,04 anos), sendo que 17 destas foram avaliadas longitudinalmente. Os instrumentos utilizados para avaliação foram: Body Attitudes Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test - 26, Beck Depression Inventory, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, a versão curta do Brazilian State-Trait Anxiety Inventory e questionário sociodemográfico. Ademais, foram coletados dados antropométricos e obstétricos. Resultados: 1) As atitudes relacionadas à imagem corporal de gestantes no primeiro trimestre foram similares aos daquelas no segundo e terceiro trimestre. Aquelas classificadas com maior IMC e alto risco gestacional apresentaram imagem corporal mais negativa. As variáveis sociodemográficas, econômicas e obstétricas não influenciaram estatisticamente a variância das atitudes corporais. Apenas o IMC foi preditor significativo de aspectos da dimensão atitudinal da imagem corporal nas grávidas avaliadas. 2) As atitudes alimentares inadequadas, a baixa autoestima, os sintomas depressivos e o elevado IMC influenciaram as atitudes corporais negativas das gestantes avaliadas. Os resultados indicaram que 20,47% e 12,17% das participantes, respectivamente, apresentaram condutas alimentares deletérias à saúde e sintomas de depressão. 3) O IMC, as atitudes corporais negativas e o “sentimento de gordura” aumentaram progressivamente ao longo da gestação. As atitudes alimentares, os sintomas depressivos, a autoestima e a ansiedade estado não diferiram estatisticamente nos três momentos avaliados. Além disso, o IMC foi preditor das atitudes direcionadas ao corpo no primeiro trimestre, enquanto as atitudes alimentares no segundo e terceiro trimestre. Conclusão: São necessários estudos futuros que objetivem a criação de ferramentas avaliativas da imagem corporal de gestantes brasileiras. Isso tornaria possível uma maior compreensão das preocupações particulares relacionadas ao corpo nessa fase da vida da mulher, o que pode refletir no bem-estar e na saúde da mãe e bebê.
During pregnancy, a negative body image is of particular importance because can have serious implications for maternal and child health. General Objective: To evaluate attitudes related to body image (attractiveness, disparagement, feeling fat, salience, lower body fatness and strength and fitness) of pregnant women in the city of Juiz de Fora/MG. Methods: This study adopted multimethod research, namely: quantitative, descriptive, correlational, transversal and longitudinal. A total of 386 pregnant women who received prenatal care in the public and private sectors of the city of Juiz de Fora/Minas Gerais (MG), 18 to 46 years old (mean 29.32 ± 6.04 years old), and 17 of these took part in longitudinal study. The instruments used to evaluate were: Body Attitudes Questionnaire, Eating Attitudes Test-26, Beck Depression Inventory, Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale, the short version of the Brazilian State-Trait Anxiety Inventory and sociodemographic questionnaire. In addition, anthropometric and obstetric data were collected. Results: 1) The body attitudes of pregnant women in the first trimester were similar to those in the second and third trimester. Pregnant women classified with higher BMI and high gestacional risk showed higher negative body image. Socio-demographic, economic and obstetric variables did not statistically influence the variance of body attitudes. Only BMI was significant predictor of attitudinal dimension aspects of body image in pregnant woman. 2) Inadequate eating attitudes, low self-esteem, depressive symptoms and high BMI influenced the negative body attitudes of the pregnant women. The results indicated that 20.47% and 12.17% of participants, respectively, had inadequate eating attitudes and depressive symptoms. 3) BMI, negative body attitudes and the "feeling fat" increased progressively throughout pregnancy. Eating attitudes, depressive symptoms, self-esteem and anxiety state did not differ in these three conditions. In addition, BMI was a predictor of negative body attitudes in the first trimester, while inadequate eating attitudes in the second and third trimester. Conclusion: Studies are necessary aiming the creation of evaluative tools of body image of Brazilian pregnant women. This would make possible a greater understanding of the particular concerns related to the body at this stage of a woman's life, which may reflect the well-being and health of the mother and baby.
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Martins, Débora C. da Silva. "Ser pai em tempos de dor: O comportamento parental de companheiros de mulheres com depressão pós-parto." Master's thesis, Instituto Superior de Psicologia Aplicada, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10400.12/661.
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Dissertação de Mestrado em Psicologia da Gravidez e da ParentalidadeA depressão pós-parto constitui uma situação de risco para a mãe, para o bebé, para o pai e restante família. Numa tentativa de amenizar os efeitos nefastos da depressão pós-parto, alguns investigadores debruçaram-se sobre a função do pai durante esse período. O companheiro de uma mulher com depressão pós-parto tanto pode ser um elemento desencadeador desta patologia, como parece ter um papel crucial para o seu desaparecimento, representando o membro com maior influência na alteração do comportamento da mãe e no seu restabelecimento. Perceber o que sentem, pensam e que comportamentos assumem face à depressão das companheiras e de que forma isso interfere na recuperação destas mulheres foi o objectivo desta revisão de literatura, com o propósito de nos permitir perceber os mecanismos da depressão pós-parto, e as repercussões e os comprometimentos que pode ter ao nível das dinâmicas familiares que se estabelecem entre os diferentes membros.
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Whitted, Beth Elaine. "Unintended pregnancy : attitudes toward contraception of women obtaining abortions /." 2001. http://proquest.umi.com.www5.sph.uth.tmc.edu:2048/pqdweb?did=726009541&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=92&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Thesis (Dr. P.H.)--University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, School of Public Health, 2001.Supervisor: Beth E. Quill. Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 62-09, Section: B, page: 3993. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 139-146).
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Lin, Miao-Ling, and 林妙玲. "Knowledge of Pregnancy, Attitudes toward Pregnancy, Environment of Medical Services, and Prenatal Examination Behavior of the Southeast Asian Pregnant Women in Taiwan─A Comparison with Taiwan Pregnant Women." Thesis, 2004. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/79429003637938824783.
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碩士高雄醫學大學
護理學研究所碩士班
92
The purposes of this study are to explore the relationships between knowledge of pregnancy, attitudes toward pregnancy, medical services environment, and prenatal examination behavior, variables behavior in pregnant Southeast Asian women. A total of 132 pregnant Southeastern Asian women recruited from community health centers in Kaohsiung county were interviewed by questionnaire. For comparison, 127 Taiwanese pregnant women were also interviewed by questionnaire. The questionnaires included a Demographic Inventory Scale, Knowledge of Pregnancy Scale, Attitudes toward Pregnancy Scale, and Medical Services Environment Scale. The data were analyzed by the JMP packaged statistical software. The purposes of this study are to explore the relationships between knowledge of pregnancy, attitudes toward pregnancy, medical services environment, and prenatal examination behavior, variables behavior in pregnant Southeast Asian women. A total of 132 pregnant Southeastern Asian women recruited from community health centers in Kaohsiung county were interviewed by questionnaire. For comparison, 127 Taiwanese pregnant women were also interviewed by questionnaire. The questionnaires included a Demographic Inventory Scale, Knowledge of Pregnancy Scale, Attitudes toward Pregnancy Scale, and Medical Services Environment Scale. The data were analyzed by the JMP packaged statistical software. The study’s major findings include: Southeast Asian pregnant women had poorer prenatal examination behavior, including prenatal examination initiation timing and actual number prenatal examinations in the partum, than Taiwanese pregnant women. Approximately 80.3% of pregnant Southeastern Asian women start their first prenatal examination and 59.1% of the pregnant Southeastern Asian women prenatal examinations were adequate. The pregnant Southeastern Asian women’s scores of knowledge of pregnancy, attitudes toward pregnancy, and environment of medical services are significantly lower than that of Taiwanese pregnant women. Pregnant Southeastern Asian women’s demographic characteristics, knowledge of pregnancy, attitudes toward pregnancy, and environment of medical services were not significantly correlated with prenatal examination behavior. However, their attitude regarding childbirth was significantly correlated with prenatal examination behavior. The positive attitude concerning childbirth and their attitude toward prenatal examination and the year spent in Taiwan were significant predictive factors of prenatal examination behavior. The findings of this study can help nurses to understand antenatal examination behavior and relative factors regarding pregnant Southeast Asian women. The findings of this study can give guidance to nurses as they help pregnant Southeastern Asian women develop their childbearing plans, offer correct information and to help them seek medical service, and improve their health status in the partum.
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Dube, Faith Nana. "Acceptability, knowledge and perceptions of pregnant women towards HIV testing in pregnancy at Ilembe district." Thesis, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10413/2765.
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This research study aimed at investigating the acceptability, knowledge and perceptions ofpregnant women towards IDV testing in pregnancy in Ilembe District. An exploratory research design guided the study. A systematic random sampling was used to select fourty pregnant women who were attending clinic for the first time in their current pregnancy. Self-administered questionnaires with close-ended questions were used in the collection ofdata. The questions included the women's demographic details, their views towards IDV testing, knowledge and acceptability ofIDV testing. Forty questionnaires were distributed and they were all returned. Quantitative method was used to analyse data. The fmdings ofthe study revealed that women in the sample were relatively young (18-25) with the percentage of45% and most ofthem were unmarried (90%). The majority ofwomen (92.5%) said testing was a good idea and 85% said it is necessary. However only 52.5% said they will opt for HIV testing. Uptake ofHIV testing was found to be low. Eighty-seven and a half percent (87.5%) women were ofthe opinion that IDV testing in pregnancy was ofbenefit to the mother and her baby. Women in the study were found to have good understanding and good perceptions towards IDV testing in pregnancy, but thus was not consistent with their behaviour. Meaning that in spite of their good understanding and good perceptions towards IDV testing in pregnancy, only a small percentage (52%) of respondents said they will opt for the IDV test. The researcher's expectations were one hundred percent response.Thesis (M.N.)-University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, 2005.
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Page, Robin Loudon. "Sex, drugs, and religion: a multi-ethnic analysis of health behaviors, attitudes, and perceptions of childbearing women." Thesis, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2846.
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Rhoads-Baeza, Maria Elena. "Assessing the knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors of pregnant Hispanic women : developing an effective educational intervention for gestational diabetes /." 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3337895.
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Thesis (Ph.D.)--University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, 2008.Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 69-11, Section: B, page: 6737. Adviser: Janet Reis. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 101-111) Available on microfilm from Pro Quest Information and Learning.
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Drigo, Lucia Innocentia. "Knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards antenatal care givers in Mbombela Municipality of Mpumalanga Province, South Africa." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/1332.
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MCurDepartment of Advanced Nursing Science
Antenatal care is the health care that women receive during pregnancy before the delivery of a baby; it aims to detect and treat existing health problems and to screen for complications that may develop in pregnancy. The aim of the study was to explore and describe knowledge and attitudes of pregnant women towards antenatal care services in Mbombela Municipality, Mpumalanga Province, South Africa. A qualitative, explorative, descriptive and contextual approach was used. The sample selected for the study from the population of pregnant women consisted of 18 pregnant women who attended ANC at six PHC facilities in Mbombela Municipality. Non-probability, purposive sampling was used to select the PHC facilities and the participants. Data was collected through in-depth individual interviews. The open coding method was used to analyse the data. To ensure that ethical considerations were taken into consideration, permission to conduct the study was obtained from the University of Venda Ethics Committee and the Mpumalanga Department of Health. Participation in the study was voluntary and the ethically approved protocol of informed consent, anonymity and confidentiality were adhered to. Trustworthiness was ensured by considering the criteria of transferability, credibility, dependability and applicability. The results from the study indicated that pregnant women knew about ANC services, but their knowledge of the best time to initiate ANC, as well as the procedures and importance of ANC was poor. The study found that the participants had favourable and unfavourable attitudes to ANC services. This indicates that there is a need for intensive health education regarding ANC services in the area. Findings from the study led to recommendations that there is a need to review ANC programmes to improve the knowledge of pregnant women and communities and also to address the challenges faced by women when accessing ANC services.
NRF
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Bester, Maria Johanna Elizabeth. "Kennis en verwagtinge van die primigravida oor baring." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/10869.
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M.Cur.The primigravida's experience of childbirth is influenced by the knowledge and expectations she has of childbirth. Her expectations of childbirth are based on the information she got from the antenatal clinic, the nursing staff, her mother, friends and family. The purpose of this research was to determine the knowledge and expectations the primigravida has of childbirth. An exploratory, descriptive design was used within the context of an academic hospital in Johannesburg. The survey method was used. The method of research firstly consisted of a literature study of the primigravida's knowledge and expectations of childbirth. This was done in order to put the problem in perspective and also to serve as a theoretical framework for the study. Secondly, a structured questionnaire was used to make a survey of the primigravida's knowledge and expectations of childbirth. The test sample comprised all white primigravidas between the ages of 15 and 39 years with a pregnancy duration of 37 weeks and more who visited the antenatal clinic of an academic hospital in Johannesburg. Over a period of 11 weeks, from 15 october to 30 December 1989, 29 primigravidas participated in this research project. The questionnaires were completed with their visit to the antenatal clinic and then returned to the clinic staff. Descriptive statistics and frequency tables were used to interpret the results of the research. From this research it is clear that the respondents had insufficient knowledge of childbirth and the handling of pain during childbirth. This insufficient knowledge can mainly be attributed to the poor attendance of antenatal . preparation classes, inadequate professional counselling and the mother of the primigravida as the primary source of information on childbirth. The respondents, however, had realistic expectations· with regard to their handling of labour, as well as of the role of the midwife and the doctor.
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Motseotsile, Baitlhatswi Gaolatlhe. "Reasons for post-conception human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing among pregnant women in Gaborone, Botswana." Thesis, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10210/12314.
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M.Cur. (Midwifery and Neonatal Nursing Care)Free voluntary counselling and testing (VeT) for Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) by the international community and many African states is the entry point into HIV and Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS) prevention, care, treatment and support. It is therefore worrisome that despite the Botswana government' multiple HIV preventative strategies, of the 56% Batswana who tested for HIV in 2008, only 34% know their status (National AIDS Coordinating Agency, Central Statistics Office & Ministry of Health, 2009:4). Among those who were tested, women outnumbered men, but even these women only had their HIV-status tested when they were already pregnant or when one of their children was suspected to have contracted AIDS, an observation that Hamblin and Reid (1991:4) has made years ago. Ethical standards were followed to conduct a study, the purpose of which was to explore and describe the reasons why women in Gaborone only volunteered to go for vcr of HIV when they were already pregnant, instead ofdoing so before they conceived. An exploratory, descriptive, qualitative and contextual design was used. Participants who met the sampling criteria were interviewed and data was audio-taped before transcription and analysis. An independent coder was involved to confirm the themes and sub-themes before relevant literature was searched. Strategies of trustworthiness were adhered to in the study (Lincoln & Guba, 1985:289-331). Findings revealed that the most significant reason for participants not testing for HIV prior to pregnancy was fear of consequences of an HIV-positive result, such as stigma and discrimination against them by their partners, families and communities should they test HIV-positive, Another reason was the socio-cultural beliefs, norms and values expressed in different forms. However, once they fell pregnant, they had themselves tested because their fear of losing their babies to HIV overruled their fear ofbeing ostracised by anybody else. Based on the findings, guidelines were formulated to assist midwives and HIV and AIDS counsellors to facilitate uptake of vcr of HIV prior to pregnancy among childbearing women and men from as young as +-15 years. Conclusions were drawn and recommendations made concerning midwifery practice, education and possible further research on this topic on a larger scale.
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Lin, Yu-Ju, and 林育如. "Factors Associated with the Knowledge, Attitudes and Experiences of Pregnant Women in Down Syndrome Screening and Genetic Diagnostic Process." Thesis, 2015. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/86661337449257512379.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
分子醫學研究所
103
In Taiwan, the most common cause of chromosomal disorder causing mental retardation is Down syndrome. Along with rapid advanced technology of prenatal Down syndrome screening and diagnosis, there are a number of different options of examination. Pregnant women should possess basic knowledge for understanding their prenatal genetic diagnosis. Therefore, during prenatal genetic examinations, women should be provided accurate and complete relevant information to understand the meaning of prenatal genetic examination results, so that while reducing stress and anxiety, the appropriate decisions could be made. This study aimed to explore the relation between pregnant women’s prenatal Down syndrome screening and diagnosis process knowledge, attitude and experience. A structured questionnaire used in Australia "prenatal screening and prenatal diagnosis" was translated into Chinese. The reliability and validity were established. Data were collected from November 1st 2014 to April 30th 2015, at maternity clinics in a regional teaching hospital in Taipei. A total of 207 pregnant women over 20 weeks gestation were recruited, the response rate was 96.28%. The study results showed the average age of pregnant women was 34.3 years old, average prenatal screening and diagnosis of Down syndrome knowledge scale standardized score of 62.77 points, which is not satisfied and should be strengthened. The main factors related to prenatal screening and diagnosis of Down syndrome knowledge including age, number of pregnancies, and the parity. Attitude scale showed an average standardized score of 68.92 points, revealing the attitude of pregnant women tend to be positive and active. As to experience scale, majority of pregnant women have heard the first trimester and the second trimester screening for Down syndrome, also have recommended by health care workers, and have an understanding of the purpose, most of them have done in the first trimester. Most of the pregnant women did not do second trimester maternal serum screening for Down syndrome. Most pregnant women have heard of chorionic villus sampling technique but health care workers did not recommend, do not understand the purpose, and did not do it. Most pregnant women have heard amniocentesis, recommended by health care workers, understanding of the purpose but did not do it. Significant factors of pregnant women’s Down syndrome prenatal screening and diagnostic knowledge and attitude were examined. Age, number of pregnancies, parity were significantly correlated to knowledge. The attitude and the number of pregnancies also significantly statistical correlated. The results of this study may be useful to clinical practice, nursing education, governmental policy, genetic counselors etc. We suggest that timely information of prenatal Down syndrome screening and diagnosis should be given to most pregnant women, thereby reducing panic effectively to the genetic diseases and related medical costs.
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Musehane, Fulefhedzani. "Knowledge, attitudes, practices and challenges regarding oral health among pregnent women in Thulamela Municipality, Vhembe District, Limpopo Province, South Africa." Diss., 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/321.
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Lucas, Faith Winklebleck. "Perceptual contexts of pregnancy of women of Mexican-descent along the Texas-Mexico border." Thesis, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/2152/2077.
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Scane, Patricia. "The effects of phsyical, sexual, and emotional abuse on pregnancy loss of control a research report submitted in partial fulfillment ... for the degree of Masters of Science (Nurse-Midwifery) ... /." 1994. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/68798734.html.
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Wu, Shao-Chun, and 吳韶純. "A Survey on the HIV-1 Seropositive Rate and the Knowledge/ Attitudes toward Its Infection among Pregnant Women in Port Moresby, Papua New Guinea." Thesis, 2006. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/47280696817823404081.
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碩士國立陽明大學
公共衛生研究所
94
Background: Since the first AIDS patient was found in 1987 in Papua New Guinea (PNG), the number of people infected with HIV/AIDS has increased exponentially. In 2002, PNG became the fourth highest HIV/AIDS prevalence country in the Asia-Pacific Region. Almost 90% of HIV transmission is attributed directly to heterosexual relations and the second highest transmission route is from mother to child transmission. The goals of this study were to understand the HIV seropositive rate among pregnant women in the Port Moresby area of PNG and to understand their attitudes and knowledge on AIDS. Methods: Pregnant women attending the following four antenatal clinics (Gerehu clinic, Lawes road clinic, Six mile clinic and Clinic of University of Papua New Guinea) in Port Moresby were invited to participate in this study. Pre-test counseling and HIV-1 antibody test (Abbott Laboratory) were provided. Dry blood spots as well as questionnaires on the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs of HIV/AIDS were collected. Results: About 500 pregnant women were invited to participate in this study. Eventually, 267 (55.2%) complete questionnaires were collected. About 87.2% of the pregnant women were married and 19% were polygamous. A total number of 160 pregnant women received HIV antibody test and 5 (3.1%) were positive. To analyze the data, we divided the population into two groups according to their willingness and experiences to receive the HIV-1 blood test (group A, never participate and group B, did or ever participate). The results showed that these two groups had similar rate of having heard of the prevention of the mother to child transmission of HIV program (56.2% vs. 56.7%). And the wiliness to have HIV test was significant correlated to the knowledge, attitudes and beliefs related to HIV/AIDS. Discussion: The preliminary results identified several factors associated with refusal of HIV-1 antibody test. More patients will be recruited for this study. Those two HIV positive pregnant women found in this study will be followed up and prevention treatment will be provided.
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Seroto, Mapula Ennia. "Perceived barriers of HIV status disclosure of pregnant women to their partners in the Capricorn District, Limpopo Province." Diss., 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/25088.
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Disclosure of a Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) positive status is vital for prevention and promotion of the couple‟s health. The study aimed to investigate the perceived barriers of pregnant women diagnosed as HIV positive towards disclosure of their HIV status to their partners in the Capricorn District, Limpopo Province. Recommendations were formulated to enhance the self-efficacy.
A quantitative, explorative, descriptive cross-sectional design and the Health Belief Model theory was used. Non-probability, convenience sampling utilised and 170 respondents aged 18-40 years participated in the study. A questionnaire was used to collect data and the SSPS version 24.0 was utilised to analyse data. Overall, 87.64% respondents received disclosure education and 80% disclosed their status to their partners. Reasons for non-disclosure included fear of rejection, violent behaviour, blame and stigmatisation by partners. Health care workers should provide pregnant women with information on preventive strategies to enhance disclosure of HIV status.Health Studies
M.A. (Nursing Science)
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Sibanda, Mgcini. "The characteristics of pregnant women attending the prevention of mother to child transmission of HIV (PMTCT) programme at Bulawayo city clinics, Zimbabwe." Thesis, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/2756.
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Antiretroviral therapy is an important public health strategy to reduce the risk of HIV vertical transmission. Implementation of such therapy depends on the identification of HIV-infected pregnant women. This study investigated how the biographical characteristics of the pregnant women (16-45 years) influenced their health decision-making in Bulawayo clinics. The study was guided by the theories of health behaviour. The study assumed that the respondents’ demographic characteristics will influence their attitudes towards PMTCT programme. Using a structured questionnaire, forty pregnant women who visited the Bulawayo clinics to have prenatal checkups were interviewed. The majority of respondents came from a poor, high-density township. Most of the respondents were married, but about a third were not married at the time data collection and 5% were separated. The survey items were demographic characteristics, knowledge of PMTCT, HIV risk perceptions and service utilisation. The levels of literacy among the respondents were high; more than 80% had completed primary education. Overall the respondents’ demographic characteristics influenced their attitudes towards PMTCT. Majority of the women knew that a mother with HIV can pass the virus to her child, during pregnancy, delivery and breastfeeding. The pregnant women’s health-seeking behaviour and their attitudes toward reproductive health services are influenced by their demographic situation.Health Studies
(M.A. (Social Behavior Studies in HIV/AIDS))
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Watson, Annaliese. ""A fragile job" : Haitian traditional midwives (matwons) and the navigation of clinical, spiritual and social risk." Thesis, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/36502.
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Haiti's political and economy history has led to a maternity care system that lies out of reach, geographically and financially, of most Haitians, resulting in excessively high maternal and infant mortality. The most common birth practitioners are homebirth midwives (matwòns), who attend roughly three-fourths of all births in Haiti (UNICEF), often without the benefit of emergency obstetric services. In this ethnographic study, I examine how matwòns experience caring for mothers and babies in extraordinarily low-resource and high-risk settings. This qualitative research employed a critical approach and feminist research methodologies. In in-depth interviews I asked participants to describe the challenges they find in their work. Then, in an innovative style of group meeting called Open Space, matwòns reflected on those challenges collectively, with an aim to ameliorate their current situations. Data analysis utilized a modified grounded theory approach, which allowed the matwòns' own narratives to determine the categories of analysis. Emergent themes resulting from this analysis revealed four main challenges in the work of matwòns, as well as matwòns' own strategies to mitigate those challenges. The four broad challenges, which include physical risks, social/spiritual threats, a lack of livelihood, and an obligation to practice, are experienced either as episodic hazards or chronic stressors. Matwòns' personal mitigation strategies centered on two broad approaches, providing protection, and offering service. However, the Open Space meeting created an opportunity for matwòns to strategize collective mitigation efforts through professional organization. Based on these findings, I argue that a more nuanced understanding of matwòns' experiences reveals their adaptive skills, which, in part, resemble Davis Floyd's (2007) notion of a postmodern midwife, and offers opportunities for mutual accommodation (Jordan 1997[1978]). Recommendations include support and advocacy for the self-organization of Haitian matwòns, as well as their greater inclusion in efforts to improve maternal and infant health outcomes in post-earthquake Haiti.Graduation date: 2013
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Bbosa, Richard Serunkuma. "Factors that influence pregnant women’s utilisation of anti-malaria services in the Buikwe district of Uganda." Thesis, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/20713.
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Text in EnglishMalaria is endemic throughout Uganda and the leading cause of morbidity and mortality. Malaria causes complications in 80.0% of all pregnancies in Uganda. This study attempted to identify factors that influence pregnant women’s utilisation of anti-malaria services in the Buikwe district of Uganda. These factors were contextualised within the Social Learning Theory’s major concepts. The target populations comprised pregnant women attending antenatal clinics (phase 1) and midwives providing antenatal services (phase 2) at 16 clinics in the Buikwe district of Uganda during the data collection phase of the study. Structured interviews were conducted with a sample of 400 randomly selected pregnant women and with the accessible population of 40 midwives. Pregnant women, who had progressed beyond primary school level education, were more likely to take intermittent preventive treatment (IPT) drugs and to use long lasting insecticide treated nets (LLINs) to prevent malaria. Pregnant women were more likely to implement malaria-preventive actions if they lived within five kilometres of clinics, were satisfied with available health services, were knowledgeable about the malaria preventive measures and had used IPT during previous pregnancies. Pregnant women who implemented one malaria-preventive action were likely to implement other actions as well (Pearson’s correlation coefficient was 0.65; p<0.05). Midwives’ provision of malaria-preventive services to pregnant women were influenced by the availability of IPT drugs, accessibility of safe drinking water, frequency of giving health education to pregnant women, cooperation with village health teams, malaria-related in-service training, midwives’ education level and experience. Although 97.9% of the pregnant women had taken IPT and 84.2% of those who had received LLINs, utilised these nets, malaria prevention during pregnancy could be improved. All pregnant women should attend antenatal clinics at least four times during each pregnancy, commencing during the first trimester of pregnancy to receive adequate health education and prenatal services, including IPT and LLINs. All midwives should receive malaria-related in-service training. Regular audits of midwives’ records should identify and address strengths and weaknesses related to the prevention and management of malaria during pregnancy. Such actions could enhance the prevention and management of malaria, estimated to affect 80% of pregnant women in Uganda.
Health Studies
D. Litt. et Phil. (Health Studies)
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Hadzhi, Sylvia Vuledzani. "The knowledge and attitudes of the youth towards termination of pregnancy (TOP) at Dzwerani Village in Thulamela Municipality." Thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11602/394.
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Michael, Uesepa Malaitia. "Knowledge and Attitude of Breastfeeding on Pregnant Women in Tuvalu." Thesis, 2014. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/36110201123747892369.
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碩士國立臺北護理健康大學
護理研究所
102
The duration of breastfeeding has been a declining annual trend in Tuvalu. Many studies indicate that breastfeed duration is influenced by maternal knowledge and attitudes. The purpose of this study was to understand such knowledge and attitudes regarding breastfeeding among pregnant women in Tuvalu. The study was a quantitative cross–sectional survey. A convenient sampling method was applied to recruit 112 participants from Princess Margaret Hospital between July and September 2013. The two instruments used were the IOWA Infant Feeding Attitude Scale and the Infant Feeding Knowledge Tests. Demographic data was developed by the researcher. The data were analyzed using the IBM SPSS version 18. Approval to carry out the study was officially obtained from the Director of Health Services in Tuvalu. Results indicated that the ages of the sample women ranged from 18 to 41 years with mean of 27 years (SD =5.3). The mean breastfeeding knowledge score was 61 (SD= 15.8), with scores ranging from 25 to 90. The attitude mean score was 3.7 (SD = 0.54), with scores ranging from 2.59 to 4.76. However, no significant relationship was found between demographic variables and knowledge or attitudes about breastfeeding. The relationship between knowledge and attitudes has a positive correlation (p < 0.001). The study results could be used by health care providers to improve the breastfeeding knowledge and attitudes of women in Tuvalu.
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Bondzie, Philip A. "Malaria perception among pregnant women in Chhattisgarh, India." Thesis, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/34837.
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BACKGROUND: Malaria in pregnant women continues to be a public health problem in India. The prevalence of malaria in pregnancy is particularly high in the tribal conflict areas of India such as Chhattisgarh. Pregnant women have less acquired immunity protecting them against malaria than non-pregnant women of child bearing age. The decreased immunity results in a much more severe presentation of malaria symptoms, and potential death of both mother and fetus during malaria in pregnancy. Recognizing the need for effective malaria interventions in pregnant women, global and national malaria prevention and treatment guidelines have been established. Practice of these guidelines has been found to be inadequate in the Asian Pacific Region.
LITERATURE REVIEW FINDINGS: Qualitative studies on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of malaria interventions have demonstrated that meeting communities at their level of understanding is essential in circumventing malaria spread. In an effort to create a synergy between health care workers, national and global malaria control strategies and pregnant women, there is the need to identify pregnant women’s knowledge, attitudes and practices of malaria interventions. Currently, there is no data on the knowledge, attitudes and practices of pregnant women in the conflict districts of Chhattisgarh, India, where malaria prevalence and related symptoms have been identified to be significantly high.
PROPOSED PROJECT: This study seeks to assess the knowledge, attitudes and practices of malaria prevention and treatment in pregnant women in the conflict areas of Chhattisgarh, India, using a cross-sectional qualitative research design. This study will highlight the understanding of malaria transmission, perceptions of cause, recognition of signs and symptoms, treatment-seeking behaviors, preventive measures and practices of pregnant women who visit the antenatal clinic and those who do not.
CONCLUSION: If this study demonstrates knowledge and attitudes that favor customary or unproven methods of malaria interventions as shown in previous studies, then this may explain the present rate of MIP in these districts and hence the need for specific mediations for controlling and preventing malaria in this populace.
SIGNIFICANCE: Findings from this study will help inform malaria education programs, health policies and practices that are tailored or targeted towards pregnant women in Chhattisgarh, India.