Journal articles on the topic 'Pregnancy Complications Victoria Statistics'
To see the other types of publications on this topic, follow the link: Pregnancy Complications Victoria Statistics.
Create a spot-on reference in APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard, and other styles
Consult the top 50 journal articles for your research on the topic 'Pregnancy Complications Victoria Statistics.'
Next to every source in the list of references, there is an 'Add to bibliography' button. Press on it, and we will generate automatically the bibliographic reference to the chosen work in the citation style you need: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver, etc.
You can also download the full text of the academic publication as pdf and read online its abstract whenever available in the metadata.
Browse journal articles on a wide variety of disciplines and organise your bibliography correctly.
1
Melody, Shannon M., Karen Wills, Luke D. Knibbs, Jane Ford, Alison Venn, and Fay Johnston. "Maternal Exposure to Ambient Air Pollution and Pregnancy Complications in Victoria, Australia." International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 17, no. 7 (April 9, 2020): 2572. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph17072572.
Full textAbstract:
The relationship between maternal exposure to ambient air pollution and pregnancy complications is not well characterized. We aimed to explore the relationship between maternal exposure to ambient nitrogen dioxide (NO2) and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) and placental abruption. Using administrative data, we defined a state-wide cohort of singleton pregnancies born between 1 March 2012 and 31 December 2015 in Victoria, Australia. Annual average NO2 and PM2.5 was assigned to maternal residence at the time of birth. 285,594 singleton pregnancies were included. An IQR increase in NO2 (3.9 ppb) was associated with reduced likelihood of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (RR 0.89; 95%CI 0.86, 0.91), GDM (RR 0.92; 95%CI 0.90, 0.94) and placental abruption (RR 0.81; 95%CI 0.69, 0.95). Mixed observations and smaller effect sizes were observed for IQR increases in PM2.5 (1.3 µg/m3) and pregnancy complications; reduced likelihood of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy (RR 0.95; 95%CI 0.93, 0.97), increased likelihood of GDM (RR 1.02; 95%CI 1.00, 1.03) and no relationship for placental abruption. In this exploratory study using an annual metric of exposure, findings were largely inconsistent with a priori expectations and further research involving temporally resolved exposure estimates are required.
2
Lindsay, Pat. "Obstetric complications and medical complexities in pregnancy. Part 1." British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 14, no. 8 (September 2, 2020): 383–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2020.14.8.383.
Full textAbstract:
Childbearing is a normal physiological process and one that most women experience at least once in their lives—81% in 2018 ( Office for National Statistics, 2019 ). The majority will have a safe and trouble-free pregnancy, birth and postnatal period. However, a few will experience complications. Some of these arise in previously healthy women when the progress of the pregnancy deviates from normal. Other women enter pregnancy with a pre-existing medical condition that may complicate progress and require additional attention and monitoring. Maternity support workers (MSWs) are an essential part of safe care. The service they give will be enhanced by knowledge of some of the conditions that may arise. This paper provides a brief overview of some of the issues.
3
Lindsay, Pat. "Obstetric complications and medical complexities in pregnancy. Part 2." British Journal of Healthcare Assistants 14, no. 9 (October 2, 2020): 438–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjha.2020.14.9.438.
Full textAbstract:
Childbearing is a normal physiological process and one that most women experience at least once in their lives—81% in 2018 ( Office for National Statistics, 2019 ). The majority will have a safe and trouble-free pregnancy, birth and postnatal period. However, a few will experience complications. Some of these arise in previously healthy women when the progress of the pregnancy deviates from normal. Other women enter pregnancy with a pre-existing medical condition that may complicate progress and require additional attention and monitoring. Maternity support workers (MSWs) are an essential part of safe care. The service they give will be enhanced by knowledge of some of the conditions that may arise. This paper provides a brief overview of some of the issues.
4
Poroshin, M. N. "Gluttony during pregnancy. (On the issue of ovariotomy and conservative myomotomy during pregnancy)." Journal of obstetrics and women's diseases 11, no. 12 (December 23, 2020): 1517–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/jowd11121517-1556.
Full textAbstract:
Despite the fact that pregnancy is one of the physiological conditions of a woman, only about half of the cases, according to the studies of modern statistics, reach a happy end for the mother and fetus. Along with such reasons as constitutional diseases, acute infectious diseases, suffering of the respiratory and circulatory organs, contributing to premature termination of pregnancy and requiring purely therapeutic intervention, there are complications that require serious surgical care for a successful pregnancy outcome. These are mainly complications of pregnancy with tumors of the pelvic organs, for the removal of which one has to resort to the most serious operation - gluttony. And while earlier surgeons with extreme fear decided to open the abdominal cavity in non-pregnant women, risking always losing the patient from the seemingly inevitable septic peritonitis during this operation, while earlier surgeons talked about "happiness in surgery" and attributed the successful outcome of any often unimportant operation to a clean case, - now it is boldly performed on pregnant women with a certain certainty to save life not only existing, but also emerging life.
5
Ahmad Sharoni, Siti Khuzaimah, and Alieu Sekou Konneh. "COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND ADULT MOTHERS TREATED IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL, THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA: A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.3/art.448.
Full textAbstract:
Complications of pregnancy remain a serious threat in Sub-Saharan Africa despite efforts to minimise maternal mortality due to pregnancy complications, and achieve the Millennium Development Goal 5. This is a retrospective study to determine the most common pregnancy complications among adolescents compared to adults treated in a public hospital from 2015 to 2018. The researcher applied a convenience sampling method in selecting the medical records. The instrument used was adapted from previous studies and data were analysed with descriptive and chi-square test for the inferential statistics. A total of 1,265 patients met the eligibility criteria and 540 (42.7%) were adolescents. Low birth weight (n=478, 88.5%) and preterm delivery (n=496, 91.9%) were common among babies born to adolescent mothers. Pregnancy-related complications among adolescent mothers showing the prevalence of anaemia, hypertension, and malaria were 494 (84.9%), 149 (56.2%) and 193 (62.1%) respectively. Gestational diabetes was found to be high among adult mothers (n=98, 74.8%). Among adolescent mothers, the prevalence of eclampsia was 62 (78.5%) and hemorrhage 61 (53.0%). The prevalence of Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was high among adolescent mothers (n=252, 80.5%). Comprehensive strategies are needed to keep girls in schools and to raise awareness and develop campaigns about using contraception properly to reduce the incidence of adolescent pregnancy as well as to minimise the incidence of pregnancy-related complications.
6
Ahmad Sharoni, Siti Khuzaimah, and Alieu Sekou Konneh. "COMPLICATIONS OF PREGNANCY AMONG ADOLESCENTS AND ADULT MOTHERS TREATED IN A PUBLIC HOSPITAL, THE REPUBLIC OF LIBERIA: A RETROSPECTIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY." Malaysian Journal of Public Health Medicine 20, no. 3 (December 31, 2020): 140–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.37268/mjphm/vol.20/no.3/art.448.
Full textAbstract:
Complications of pregnancy remain a serious threat in Sub-Saharan Africa despite efforts to minimise maternal mortality due to pregnancy complications, and achieve the Millennium Development Goal 5. This is a retrospective study to determine the most common pregnancy complications among adolescents compared to adults treated in a public hospital from 2015 to 2018. The researcher applied a convenience sampling method in selecting the medical records. The instrument used was adapted from previous studies and data were analysed with descriptive and chi-square test for the inferential statistics. A total of 1,265 patients met the eligibility criteria and 540 (42.7%) were adolescents. Low birth weight (n=478, 88.5%) and preterm delivery (n=496, 91.9%) were common among babies born to adolescent mothers. Pregnancy-related complications among adolescent mothers showing the prevalence of anaemia, hypertension, and malaria were 494 (84.9%), 149 (56.2%) and 193 (62.1%) respectively. Gestational diabetes was found to be high among adult mothers (n=98, 74.8%). Among adolescent mothers, the prevalence of eclampsia was 62 (78.5%) and hemorrhage 61 (53.0%). The prevalence of Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) was high among adolescent mothers (n=252, 80.5%). Comprehensive strategies are needed to keep girls in schools and to raise awareness and develop campaigns about using contraception properly to reduce the incidence of adolescent pregnancy as well as to minimise the incidence of pregnancy-related complications.
7
Changalidis, Anton I., Evgeniia M. Maksiutenko, Yury A. Barbitoff, Alexander A. Tkachenko, Elena S. Vashukova, Olga V. Pachuliia, Yulia A. Nasykhova, and Andrey S. Glotov. "Aggregation of Genome-Wide Association Data from FinnGen and UK Biobank Replicates Multiple Risk Loci for Pregnancy Complications." Genes 13, no. 12 (November 30, 2022): 2255. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes13122255.
Full textAbstract:
Complications endangering mother or fetus affect around one in seven pregnant women. Investigation of the genetic susceptibility to such diseases is of high importance for better understanding of the disease biology as well as for prediction of individual risk. In this study, we collected and analyzed GWAS summary statistics from the FinnGen cohort and UK Biobank for 24 pregnancy complications. In FinnGen, we identified 11 loci associated with pregnancy hypertension, excessive vomiting, and gestational diabetes. When UK Biobank and FinnGen data were combined, we discovered six loci reaching genome-wide significance in the meta-analysis. These include rs35954793 in FGF5 (p=6.1×10−9), rs10882398 in PLCE1 (p=8.9×10−9), and rs167479 in RGL3 (p=5.2×10−9) for pregnancy hypertension, rs10830963 in MTNR1B (p=4.5×10−41) and rs36090025 in TCF7L2 (p=3.4×10−15) for gestational diabetes, and rs2963457 in the EBF1 locus (p=6.5×10−9) for preterm birth. In addition to the identified genome-wide associations, we also replicated 14 out of 40 previously reported GWAS markers for pregnancy complications, including four more preeclampsia-related variants. Finally, annotation of the GWAS results identified a causal relationship between gene expression in the cervix and gestational hypertension, as well as both known and previously uncharacterized genetic correlations between pregnancy complications and other traits. These results suggest new prospects for research into the etiology and pathogenesis of pregnancy complications, as well as early risk prediction for these disorders.
8
Simms, Andrew, Hemil Gonzalez, Nicholas M. Moore, Leslie A. Chapman, Karen Lolans, and Gordon M. Trenholme. "Co-circulation of Influenza A and B During the 2016–2017 Influenza Season at Rush University Medical Center." Open Forum Infectious Diseases 4, suppl_1 (2017): S314—S315. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/ofid/ofx163.736.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Background Two strains of influenza B virus, B/Yamagata and B/Victoria, co-circulate in the USA, typically appearing in late March. This year, influenza B virus (FluB) co-circulated consistently with influenza A virus (FluA). We hypothesized that this could be explained by an increased use of influenza trivalent vaccine, which lacks the B/Yamagata strain, over the quadrivalent vaccine. Methods We performed a retrospective, observational cohort study of patients with laboratory-diagnosed influenza from October 2016 through April 2017. Age, comorbidity categories, pregnancy status, symptoms, The presence of opacity on chest film, ICU admission, death, and receipt of oseltamivir were reviewed for 256 patients. A subset of FluB specimens were subtyped for lineage using RT–PCR. Results Influenza was detected in 495 (10.4%) of 4,754 samples collected, including 305 FluA and 190 FluB. The H3 strain represented 97% of FluA cases. FluB subtypes were: 70, B/Victoria; 21, B/Yamagata; and 41, not subtyped. Chart review was conducted for 124 randomly selected FluA and 132 sequential FluB patients. Median age of patients with FluA was 44 compared with 27 with FluB (P < 0.001). Forty-three (34.7%) FluA patients had heart disease compared with 21 (15.9%) FluB patients (P < 0.001). Otherwise, there were no differences in comorbidities, pregnancy status, clinical symptoms, or infectious complications between FluA vs. FluB patients. Ninety-three (75%) FluA patients and 78 (59.1%) FluB patients received oseltamivir. ICU admission occurred in 15 (12.1%) FluA and 9 (6.8%) FluB patients (OR 1.414; 95% CI 0.83-2.4). Seventy-seven (30%) patients received flu vaccine, 39 with FluA, and 38 with FluB; 97 (37.9%) were not vaccinated and 82 (32%) were missing data. Of those vaccinated, 6 patients received trivalent vaccine, and 71 received quadrivalent. Only 24 patients with B/Victoria and 7 patients with B/Yamagata were vaccinated. Conclusion The proportion of infected patients who had received vaccination was low, limiting our ability to detect the effect of the trivalent vaccine on the incidence of infection with B/Yamagata. In contrast to conventional thought, when compared with influenza B, influenza A (predominantly H3N2) did not appear to disproportionally affect those with most medical comorbidities, and was not disproportionately associated with our identified clinical complications. Disclosures All authors: No reported disclosures.
9
Jalkanen, A., A. Alanen, and L. Airas. "Pregnancy outcome in women with multiple sclerosis: results from a prospective nationwide study in Finland." Multiple Sclerosis Journal 16, no. 8 (June 11, 2010): 950–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1352458510372629.
Full textAbstract:
The majority of individuals obtaining the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis are women of childbearing age. They are naturally concerned as to how multiple sclerosis affects the course of pregnancy and the developing foetus. The objective of this study was to prospectively evaluate the incidence of pregnancy complications and delivery risks, and to follow the natural course of multiple sclerosis during and after pregnancy in a cohort of Finnish patients with multiple sclerosis. Sixty-one patients with multiple sclerosis who became pregnant during the years 2003—2005 were prospectively followed-up from early pregnancy until 6 months postpartum. Multiple sclerosis relapses, Expanded Disability Status Scale rates and obstetric details were recorded. The results were compared with the statistics obtained from Finnish Medical Birth Register from the year 2004. We found that patients with multiple sclerosis were no more likely to experience pregnancy complications than Finnish pregnant women generally, but they had a greater likelihood for a need of artificial insemination (4.9% vs. 0.9%; p = 0.0009). Subjects with multiple sclerosis were more likely to undergo assisted vaginal delivery than the at-large cohort(16.4% vs. 6.5%; p = 0.0017). We conclude that pregnancy does not seem to pose a woman with multiple sclerosis to a greater risk for pregnancy complications when compared with women in general. The potential need for instrumental delivery should, however, be taken into account when planning the delivery of a mother with multiple sclerosis.
10
Gonaid, Nabil M. H., Salwa El-Sanousi, and Hussien Kadi. "Assessment of the Effect of Applying WHO-UNICEF Guidelines for Control of Anemia during Pregnancy at Hodeida City (Yemen) During the Year 2021." International Journal of Health Sciences and Research 12, no. 2 (February 16, 2022): 213–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijhsr.20220230.
Full textAbstract:
Background and Objectives: Iron deficiency anemia, is common in pregnant women. The global prevalence of anemia in pregnancy (AIP) is estimated as 41.8% and in more than 80% of countries in the world, the prevalence of AIP estimated at 29%. AIP is associated with increased maternal, neonatal and perinatal mortality, low birth weight, premature birth, and delayed child development. This study aimed to assess the effect of applying WHO-UNICEF guidelines for AIP control at Hodeida city, Yemen. Methods: Facility based interventional prospective study had conducted in 17 health centers of Hodeida city which had randomly distributed to 8 experimental and 9 control health centers, selecting 250 pregnant women from experimental health centers and equal number from control ones. Experimental health centers had intervened through training on, and managing pregnant women for anemia according WHO-UNICEF guidelines while pregnant women at control health centers had managed according health centers own approaches. Pregnant women at both types’ health centers had followed 3 times till labor for Hb response, pregnancy and labor courses and complications. Data statistically analyzed using SPSS program (Version 22) including descriptive statistics, t test for examining the difference in means of Hb response, pregnancy and labor complications among the experimental and control groups Results: The study revealed statistically significant 20% higher Hb improvement rate in experimental group compared with control group on applying WHO – UNICEF guidelines for AIP control at primary health centers(P = 0.00, t= 4.27). Also, statistically significant decrease of pregnancy complications (P = 0.02, t= -2.445) and labor complications (P = 0.001, t= -3.472) had been reached on applying the protocol. Conclusion: Applying WHO – UNICEF guidelines for AIP control at primary health centers improved Hb response and decreased antenatal and natal complications. Key words: Anemia, Pregnancy, Guidelines, Assessment.
11
Fennessy, Kristy M., Lex W. Doyle, Kentia Naud, Karen Reidy, and Mark P. Umstad. "Triplet Pregnancy: Is the Mode of Conception Related to Perinatal Outcomes?" Twin Research and Human Genetics 18, no. 3 (April 30, 2015): 321–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/thg.2015.27.
Full textAbstract:
Many triplets are conceived as a consequence of assisted reproductive technology (ART). Concerns have been raised that triplet pregnancies conceived by ART are more complicated than those conceived spontaneously. The purpose of this study was to evaluate all triplet pregnancies managed over a 12-year period to determine if there were any differences in outcome based on the mode of conception. All triplet pregnancies between 1999 and 2011 that reached at least 20 weeks’ gestation and that were managed at the Royal Women's Hospital (RWH), Melbourne, Victoria were identified. Maternal and neonatal outcomes were compared between ART conceived and spontaneously conceived triplets. In the study period, 53 sets of triplets managed in our institution met the eligibility criteria. Twenty-five triplet sets were conceived by ART and 28 were conceived spontaneously. More ART conceptions resulted in trichorionic triamniotic (TCTA) triplets than did spontaneous conceptions (p= .015). There were no differences between ART and spontaneously conceived triplets for any of the maternal or neonatal complications studied. Trichorionic (TC) triplets delivered at a later gestation than other triplets: 32.1 (SD2.9) versus 30.4 (SD3.9) weeks (p= .08). TC triplets were significantly less likely to die than monochorionic (MC) or dichorionic (DC) triplets: 3/93 (3%) versus 13/66 (20%) (p= .025). In conclusion, triplets conceived by ART are more likely to have TCTA placentation and TCTA triplet sets had lower mortality rates than other triplet combinations. Outcomes for triplets conceived by ART were similar to those of triplets conceived spontaneously.
12
Zaheri, F., L. Hasheminasab, and E. Motavalli. "Anxiety in pregnant women referred to Sanandaj health centers and that relationship with their personal characteristics in 2009." European Psychiatry 26, S2 (March 2011): 1112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72817-6.
Full textAbstract:
Background and aimPregnancy is one of events in women's life that is passed without any physical and psychical complications. But in many cases, predisposing factors can result in problems such as anxiety, depression and other psychical complications in this period. In this research we studied about rate of anxiety in pregnant women referred to Sanandaj health centers.MethodsThis descriptive study was done with 359 pregnant women referred to health centers of Sanandaj city in 2009. Data collection tools was a questionnaire consists of questions about personal characteristics of samples and zung standard anxiety scale. Finally statistics analyze was performed by descriptive and analytic methods with spss16.ResultsAccording to these results, rate of anxiety was 24.5% totally that 21.4% was related to mild to moderate and 3/1% for moderate to severe anxiety. Also we didn’t find statistic difference between anxiety score and mothers marriage age (P = .229), parity (P = .981), method of previous delivery (P = .270), education (P = .191), job of mother (P = .531), trimester (P = .931). Also there was statistic difference between anxiety score with unwanted pregnancy by women (P = .001) and their husband (P = .001) and have job in husband (P = .008) and their economic status (P = .015).DiscussionFindings of this research showed that husband's unemployment and unwanted pregnancy by them had a role in degrees of anxiety in pregnant women. Therefore health and care providers can reduce of unwanted pregnancy and psychical complications with promoting the women's acknowledge about methods of family planning and also complications of frequent pregnancy.
13
WB, Hailu, Geta ET, and Bazezew L. "Prevalence and Determinants of Pregnancy Outcomes among Mothers with Hypertensive Disorders at Woliso Saint Luke Hospital, Southwest Ethiopia." Journal of Biomedical Research & Environmental Sciences 3, no. 2 (February 2022): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.37871/jbres1414.
Full textAbstract:
Objective: The study aimed to determine the prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy and determinants of its maternal and neonatal outcomes among pregnant mothers admitted to maternity wards of Woliso Saint Luke hospital, Ethiopia. Materials and Methods: Retrospective, institution-based cross-sectional study was conducted by reviewing records of pregnant mothers admitted to the maternity ward of the hospital between January 01, 2018, and December 31, 2020. The data were extracted using a structured checklist and analyzed using SPSS v. 24. Descriptive statistics of findings, univariate and multivariate logistic regression analysis were performed to identify the independent effect of predictor variables on the maternal and perinatal clinical outcomes. Results: During a three-year period, 15,097 pregnant mothers were admitted to the hospital's maternity ward. The prevalence of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy was 197(1.3%); more than half 121(61%) attributed to preeclampsia. From the total cases 37(18.8%) of mothers encountered adverse pregnancy outcomes of which 5(2.5%) of them died of its complications. Over half (51.8%) of neonates encountered adverse pregnancy outcomes; 17(20%) were born extremely LBW and 32(16.2%) died. Mothers who had blood pressure level of ˂ 160/110 mmHg during admission were 63% less likely to have adverse maternal outcomes compared to higher levels (AOR = 0.37, 95% CI = 0.14-0.94). The earlier gestational age at admission for hypertensive disorder associated to higher odd of adverse pregnancy outcome of neonates (AOR = 18.272, 95% CI = 6.330-52.742). Conclusion: The magnitude of hypertensive disorders of pregnancy showed significant rate. Besides, the complications or adverse pregnancy outcomes were higher compared to other previous studies. Earlier diagnosis during gestation, prompt management of complications and effective antenatal care are crucial in minimizing adverse outcomes for both mothers and newborns. Provision of focused and better quality care for high-risk mothers from pregnancy to post-partum period is highly recommended.
14
Maly, Christina, Katherine A. McClendon, Joy Noel Baumgartner, Neema Nakyanjo, William George Ddaaki, David Serwadda, Fred Kakaire Nalugoda, Maria J. Wawer, Erika Bonnevie, and Jennifer A. Wagman. "Perceptions of Adolescent Pregnancy Among Teenage Girls in Rakai, Uganda." Global Qualitative Nursing Research 4 (January 1, 2017): 233339361772055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2333393617720555.
Full textAbstract:
The leading causes of death and disability among Ugandan female adolescents aged 15 to 19 years are pregnancy complications, unsafe abortions, and childbirth. Despite these statistics, our understanding of how girls perceive adolescent pregnancy is limited. This qualitative study explored the social and contextual factors shaping the perceptions of adolescent pregnancy and childbirth among a sample of 12 currently pregnant and 14 never pregnant girls living in the rural Rakai District of Uganda. Interviews were conducted to elicit perceived risk factors for pregnancy, associated community attitudes, and personal opinions on adolescent pregnancy. Findings indicate that notions of adolescent pregnancy are primarily influenced by perceptions of control over getting pregnant and readiness for childbearing. Premarital pregnancy was perceived as negative whereas postmarital pregnancy was regarded as positive. Greater understanding of the individual and contextual factors influencing perceptions can aid in development of salient, culturally appropriate policies and programs to mitigate unintended adolescent pregnancies.
15
Chong, Krystle Y., Yee K. Mak, Beverley Vollenhoven, and Ben W. Mol. "An Audit of Management of Ectopic Pregnancy in a Major Tertiary Healthcare Service." Fertility & Reproduction 03, no. 01 (March 2021): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s266131822150002x.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Ectopic pregnancy remains the most common cause of early pregnancy mortality, with management options differing according to clinical presentation and investigations. This audit aims to investigate the indications for medical and surgical management of ectopic pregnancy at a tertiary hospital network, in order to assess variances in practice and adherence to local hospital protocols. Methods: A retrospective audit of the management of women with a diagnosis of ectopic pregnancy was performed over 12 months from July 2018 to June 2019, at three hospitals in the largest healthcare network in Victoria, Australia. Information collected included patient demographics, risk factors for ectopic pregnancy, pathology and radiology results, documented indication for surgery, and any complications of treatment. A subgroup analysis of data was done to investigate changes and deficiency in management of ectopic pregnancy compared to local hospital protocol. Results: Over a 12-month period, 138 women were diagnosed with an ectopic pregnancy, of which 99 (72%) received surgical management and 39 (28%) received medical management. Four women within the medical group were excluded from analysis, one due to loss of follow-up and three patients who were diagnosed with nontubal ectopic pregnancies. About 94% (33/35) of women who received methotrexate were within hospital guidelines for medical management and 91% (32/35) were successfully managed without surgery. All women who received surgical management underwent a salpingectomy and 97% (96/99) had clear indications documented for surgery within local protocol. Conclusion: Overall, the majority of women with ectopic pregnancy were treated according to local guidelines. Expectant management and the option of salpingostomy as a surgical alternative could be considered in the local guidelines. The dissemination of this clinical audit data is aimed at continuing clinical governance and improvements in outcomes.
16
P, Yadav, Basnet T, Sha M, and Yadav SP. "Outcome of Subsequent Pregnancy in Women with Previous Caesarean Delivery: A Retrospective Study." International Research Journal of Multidisciplinary Scope 03, no. 02 (2022): 29–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.47857/irjms.2022.v03i02.074.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Previous caesarean section poses risk to both mother and neonates in the subsequent pregnancy. This study aimed to study the obstetric and neonatal outcome in a pregnancy with previous caesarean section (CS). Methods: A retrospective chart review was conducted in pregnant women with previous CS, admitted from 15thOctober 2020 to 14thApril 2020. Collected data were analyzed regarding maternal and perinatal outcome using appropriate statistics. Results: Among total of 322 cases, vaginal birth after caesarean were conducted in 3.7% and majority 78.2% went through emergency CS, rest were elective. Total CS was done in 96.2%, because 58.7% did not meet VBAC criteria and 40.3% refused VBAC. 36.6% had preterm delivery. Of 310 cases that underwent CS, common complications reported were: intra operative hemorrhage (20), scare dehiscence (12), urinary bladder injury (4), placenta praevia (11), uterine rupture (2), adherent placenta (5), postpartum hemorrhage (PPH) (13), abruptio placentae (6) and hysterectomy (1). 3 mothers required ICU admissions. Complications among neonates were: low birth weight 14.2%, birth asphyxia 3.1%, 5.2% required NICU admissions. (8/322) pregnancy had intra uterine fetal death and there was 1 still birth. Perinatal mortality were higher among female with previous LSCS less than 2 years (p=0.02) and those with more than once LSCS had significant proportion of intraoperative haemorrhage (p=0.01), PPH (p=0.04) and placenta praevia (p=0.04). Conclusions: Delivery among pregnant with previous CS have significant operative challenges and perioperative complications among mother and neonates. Anticipation of common complications and preparedness beforehand could improve both maternal and neonatal outcome.
17
Prilia, Etri, Ana Paramitha, and Bella Bella. "Audit Faktor Kematian Maternal Di RSUD Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya Periode 2015-2016." Proceeding Of Sari Mulia University Midwifery National Seminars, no. 1 (July 22, 2019): 53–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.33859/psmumns.v0i1.24.
Full textAbstract:
Latar Belakang : Angka kematian maternal merupakan indikator yang mencerminkan status kesehatan ibu, terutama risiko kematian bagi ibu pada waktu hamil dan melahirkan. AKI di Indonesia sampai saat ini masih cukup tinggi, Berdasarkan Survei Demografi dan Kesehatan Indonesia (SDKI) tahun 2012, AKI (yang berkaitan dengan kehamilan, persalinan, dan nifas) sebesar 359 per 100.000 KH.Tujuan: Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis faktor–faktor risiko yang mempengaruhi kematian maternal, yang terdiri dari determinan dekat, determinan antara dan determinan jauh. di RSUD Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya periode 2015-2016. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif, univariat dan multivariate dengan SEM.Hasil : penelitian menunjukkan faktor yang mempengaruhi kematian maternal di RSUD Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya periode 2015-2016 baik itu dari faktor determinan dekat, determinan antara dan determinan jauh. Berdasarkan analisis dengan SEM (T- Statistik T-Tabel (1,659) untuk p0.05) adalah komplikasi kehamilan, komplikasi saat masa nifas, riwayat penyakit terdahulu, pendidikan, wilayah tempat tinggal, riwayat komplikasi pada kehamilan sebelumnya, paritas , usia dan jarak kehamilan.Kesimpulan :penelitian secara uji SEM penelitian ini membuktikan bahwa kematian maternal dipengaruh oleh komplikasi kehamilan, komplikasi saat masa nifas, riwayat penyakit terdahulu, pendidikan, wilayah tempat tinggal, riwayat komplikasi pada kehamilan sebelumnya, paritas , usia dan jarak kehamilan. Kata Kunci: Kematian Maternal, Faktor Kematian Maternal ABSTRACTBackground :The maternal mortality rate is an indicator that reflects the health status of the mother, especially the risk of death for the mother during pregnancy and childbirth. MMR in Indonesia is still quite high, based on Indonesia Demographic and Health Survey (SDKI) in 2012, AKI (related to pregnancy, childbirth and postpartum) is 359 per 100,000 KH.Objective : This study is analyzing risk factors that influence maternal death, which consists of “close” determinants, “between” determinants and “away” determinants in RSUD Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya period 2015-2016. Data analysis was done descriptively, univariat and multivariate with SEM.Result :The result of this research shows that factors influencing maternal death in RSUD Doris Sylvanus Palangka Raya period 2015-2016 either from the determinant factor close, determinant between and determinant far. Based on the analysis with SEM (T-Statistics T-Table (1,659) for p 0.05) is a pregnancy complications, complications during puerperium, previous medical history, education, area of residence, history of complications in previous pregnancy, parity, age and distance of pregnancy.Conclusions : of the SEM trials of this study prove that maternal deaths are influenced by pregnancy complications, complications during puerperium, previous medical history, education, area of residence, history of complications in previous pregnancy, parity, age and distance of pregnancy. Keyword: Maternal Death, Maternal Death Factor
18
Schulz, Karl W., Kelly Gaither, Corwin Zigler, Tomislav Urban, Justin Drake, and Radek Bukowski. "Optimal mode of delivery in pregnancy: Individualized predictions using national vital statistics data." PLOS Digital Health 1, no. 12 (December 29, 2022): e0000166. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pdig.0000166.
Full textAbstract:
Child birth via Cesarean section accounts for approximately 32% of all births each year in the United States. A variety of risk factors and complications can lead caregivers and patients to plan for a Cesarean delivery in advance before onset of labor. However, a non-trivial subset of Cesarean sections (∼25%) are unplanned and occur after an initial trial of labor is attempted. Unfortunately, patients who deliver via unplanned Cesarean sections have increased maternal morbidity and mortality rates and higher rates of neonatal intensive care admissions. In an effort to develop models aimed at improving health outcomes in labor and delivery, this work seeks to explore the use of national vital statistics data to quantify the likelihood of an unplanned Cesarean section based on 22 maternal characteristics. Machine learning techniques are used to ascertain influential features, train and evaluate models, and assess accuracy against available test data. Based on cross-validation results from a large training cohort (n = 6,530,467 births), the gradient-boosted tree algorithm was identified as the best performer and was evaluated on a large test cohort (n = 10,613,877 births) for two prediction scenarios. Area under the receiver operating characteristic curves of 0.77 or higher and recall scores of 0.78 or higher were obtained and the resulting models are well calibrated. Combined with feature importance analysis to explain why certain maternal characteristics lead to a specific prediction in individual patients, the developed analysis pipeline provides additional quantitative information to aid in the decision process on whether to plan for a Cesarean section in advance, a substantially safer option among women at a high risk of unplanned Cesarean delivery during labor.
19
Jawzali, Jwan Ibrahim, Sahar Ismail Abdullah, and Nahidah Hassan Abdullah. "Nutritional status among pregnant adolescents at maternity teaching hospital." North African Journal of Food and Nutrition Research 6, no. 14 (December 31, 2022): 186–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.51745/najfnr.6.14.186-197.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Adolescent pregnancy increases nutritional requirements and the risk of pregnancy complications. There are few studies about anthropometric measurements as predictors of the nutritional status of pregnancy. Objective: The study consisted of an assessment of nutritional status by studying the association of anthropometric index and biochemical tests with adolescent pregnancy outcomes. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study included 116 convenient samples of pregnant adolescents. An interview questionnaire was used for collecting the following data: socio-demographic, body mass index (BMI), height, mid-upper arm circumference (MUAC), hemoglobin levels, and proteinuria. Pregnancy complications included; anemia, urinary tract infection, mode of delivery, preterm birth, and low birth weight. Descriptive statistics, Pearson's R test chi-square, and logistic regression were all used in statistical analysis. Results: The majority of study subjects were of late age of adolescence (≥ 17 years), housewives with primary education, and had normal obstetric history. Multigravida was only in late age of adolescence. Most 46.9% were overweight. Primigravida decrease in overweight subjects (odds ratio [OR] 0.2*; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.03-0.88). The highest percentage had normal stature, 12.1% had short stature, 46.6 % had MUAC ˃28cm, and 3.4 % had undernutrition. Short stature increased at age 17 years and the risk of multipara increased in short stature (OR 4.2*; 95% CI 1.2-14.4). The majority had normal pregnancy outcomes. Anemia risk decreased in the normal height group (OR=0.08*: 95% CI 0.01-0.73), and in MUAC ≥ 28 cm (OR 0.77*; 95% CI 0.64-0,93). The risk of low birth weight increased not significantly in late age, among MUAC 24-28 cm, and significantly in anemia (OR=2.5*, 95% 1.1-5.5). Conclusion: This study concluded that the majority of the adolescents with primigravid/para status had normal nutritional status and pregnancy outcomes, as a result of growth in height, MUAC, and weight gain. malnutrition among overweight older adolescents with multigravida status affects growth, causes shorter stature, and anemia consequently increases the risk of low birth weight, preterm birth, and cesarian section. Because its effects manifest as teenage age increases in multigravida, this study supports the prevention of adolescent pregnancy. MUAC can be used to assess adolescent pregnancy complications.
20
Niaraki, Masoumeh Rezaei, Hamideh Pakniat, Ahad Alizadeh, Mohammad Ali Hosseini, and Fatemeh Ranjkesh. "EFFECT OF EXERCISE IN WATER ON THE MUSCULOSKELETAL PAIN IN PREGNANT WOMEN: A RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL." Journal of Musculoskeletal Research 24, no. 03 (April 8, 2021): 2150003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218957721500032.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Musculoskeletal disorders have been a major cause of disability in pregnant women. The aim of this study is to determine the effect of exercise in an aquatic environment on the musculoskeletal pain among pregnant women. Material and methods: This randomized clinical trial was conducted on 54 pregnant women aged 20–35 years. The subjects were divided into the intervention group and control groups. Women who were in 20 to 26 weeks of gestation were included in the study. The intervention was Water Exercise in Pregnancy program conducted from week 20 to week 34. The control group received standard prenatal care. Musculoskeletal complications were assessed using the Nordic questionnaires at the baseline and, 4th and 8th week of pregnancy. The intensity of pain was assessed using a visual analog scale in the two groups. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics via the SPSS v.16. The lsmeans package was used to examine comparisons. Results: Results of the study showed that level of discomfort and musculoskeletal complications in the intervention group was significantly reduced during the 4th and 8th week of the study compared to the control group ([Formula: see text]). After the intervention, intensity of musculoskeletal pain in the intervention group showed a significant decrease compared to the control group ([Formula: see text]). Conclusion: Exercise in water during pregnancy can be effective to reduce musculoskeletal complications. Aquatic exercises should be developed in the exercise program for pregnant women with musculoskeletal pain.
21
Bantieva, M. N., E. M. Manoshkina, and T. A. Sokolovskaya. "Trends in obstetric care statistics in the Russian Federation." Academy of medicine and sports 1, no. 2 (December 18, 2020): 4–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.15829/2712-7567-2020-2-16.
Full textAbstract:
An analysis of obstetric care statistics, which are considered as an indicator of the population’s health both now and in the future, seems relevant.Aim. To assess the dynamics of obstetric care data in Russia from 2006 to 2015 according to official statistics.Material and methods. The official statistics were analyzed using the descriptive statistic methods.Results. During the study period, the number of births in Russia increased by 30,1% and since 2012 has exceeded the level of 1991. We also revealed an increase in the prevalence of ectopic pregnancy (1,62-2,6% of all recorded pregnancies). A high level (~80%) of maternal morbidity over the past 6 years has remained. At the same time, there was a decrease in the incidence of maternal anemia, extragenital diseases, and gestosis. The prevalence of abnormal labor decreased over 10 years by 27,5% and amounted to 88,4 per 1,000 births in 2015, which is lower than in the 1991 (96,5‰). The incidence of labor bleeding decreased during the observation period by 11,4%. It is important that there was a decrease in the number of bleedings in the postpartum and postpartum period, and hemorrhages due to placenta previa and clotting disorder became more frequent. The number of caesarean sections has doubled over 10 years.Conclusion. The analysis shows the favorable trends in reproductive statistics in Russia — a decrease in reproductive losses, certain complications of pregnancy and labor. At the same time, decrease in the number of vaginal delivery and a high incidence of bleeding and sepsis specifies ways to improve the obstetric care service.
22
Hassan, Ghias ul, Iram Inam, and Saadia Sajjad. "Pregnancy Outcomes with Intrahepatic Cholestasis." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (May 26, 2022): 216–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22165216.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: ICP is a reversible rare disorder prevailing in 2% of pregnancies resulting in debilitating feto-maternal consequences. Maternal problems resolves soon after delivery but fetal complications result in multiple deteriorations. Present study was undertaken to assess the pregnancy outcomes with ICP on both mother and fetus. Methodology: A prospective study design was used and study was conducted in tertiary health care sector in department of obstetrics and gynecology for period of 2 years. 80 mothers with history of pruritus, aminotransferase levels > 30 IU/L and alkaline phosphatase > 300 IU/L were included in this study. Pregnancies with other liver disorders were excluded. Study was conducted after institutional approval. Data was analyzed using SPSS version 23.0 and descriptive statistics were used to display the data in the form of frequency and percentages. Results: ICP accounted for many adverse feto-maternal outcomes. Results show sleep disturbance in 68.75%, PROM in 73%, risk of PPH 10% and 75.5% births were through operative method attributable to ICP. ICP caused fetus distress in 20% cases, MSL in 23.75% of babies, preterm birth (25%) and LBW babies (18.75%), rate of NICU admission (18.75%) and still birth revealed in 2.5% cases in this study. Conclusion: Present study depict the ill effects of ICP on both mother and fetus. Maternal effects are reversible but fetal effect cause permanent impairment for rest of fetus life. There is need for vigilant monitoring of the pregnant women affected with ICP to avoid such painful events. Keywords: Pregnancy, Intrahepatic, Cholestasis, Outcomes.
23
Rona Thomas, Sunitha L, Jasveen Saluja, Parto Ghasemidehkordi, Malini Muraleedharan Nair, and Sreelatha S. "Assessment of Knowledge, Attitude and Practice in Patients with Hypertensive Disorders in Pregnancy." International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, SPL4 (December 21, 2020): 1192–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11ispl4.4264.
Full textAbstract:
Hypertensive disorders in pregnancy (HDP) cause unfavourable perinatal as well as maternal complications in 5-10% of all gestations. Pregnancies entangled with hypertension stays as a vital issue and complicate obstetric practice in developing countries like India. Majority of these complications can be prevented by early identification and legitimate treatment. Our study was aimed to comprehend the Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice of pregnant women regarding HDP as it is significantly affecting overall pregnancy outcome. One hundred four subjects with a mean age of 26.07 ± 3.27 years were recruited for the study and were assessed for their knowledge attitude and practice related to hypertension in pregnancy. Relevant data were collected, questionnaires were administered, and appropriate descriptive and inferential statistics were performed. Our findings demonstrated that there is a moderate correlation between the level of knowledge with the practice towards HDP among the participants. The current study indicated that the majority of the participants had a moderate level of knowledge but showed the right attitude and practice towards HDP. This implies the need to expand knowledge and public awareness regarding the disease. Involving the study subjects with clinical activities such as patient counselling, medication review, and pharmaceutical care program helps to increase the subject's Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice about the disease condition.
24
van der Ham, Kim, Geranne Jiskoot, Yvonne Louwers, Annemerle Beerthuizen, Jan Busschbach, Joop Laven, and Alexandra Dietz de Loos. "PMON206 Pregnancy Rate and Outcomes Following a Randomized Controlled Three-component Lifestyle Intervention in Women with PCOS." Journal of the Endocrine Society 6, Supplement_1 (November 1, 2022): A686—A687. http://dx.doi.org/10.1210/jendso/bvac150.1417.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract PCOS (polycystic ovary syndrome) is associated with overweight and obesity. Women with PCOS and overweight or obesity present with more pronounced reproductive derangements. Moreover, when pregnant, pregnancy complications such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders and preterm birth seem to be more prevalent in this population. The present study is a one-year randomized controlled trial to investigate the effect of a three-component (cognitive behavioral therapy, healthy diet and physical therapy) lifestyle intervention (LSI) with or without Short Message Service (SMS) on pregnancy leading to live birth, pregnancy complications and outcomes within 24 months after the start of the lifestyle intervention compared to care as usual (CAU). We hypothesized that pre-pregnancy weight loss and the adoption of a healthy lifestyle would cause more pregnancies, shorter time to conception and less pregnancy complications. Women diagnosed with PCOS according to the Rotterdam 2003 criteria and a BMI above 25 kg/m2 were included. A total of 183 participants were randomly assigned to three groups: 1) three-component lifestyle intervention with SMS (LSI SMS+); 2) three-component lifestyle intervention without SMS (LSI SMS-); 3) care as usual (CAU): encourage to lose weight autonomously (control group). Pregnancy and neonatal outcomes were collected from the Dutch Bureau of Statistics (CBS) combined with the Dutch Perinatal registry (Perined). Within 24 months after the start of the intervention the pregnancy rate leading to live birth was 41.7% (25/60) within SMS+, 38.1% (24/63) within SMS- and 38.3% (23/60) within CAU. This was non-significant between the groups. Mean time to pregnancy for SMS+ was 18.3 months, 19.1 months for SMS- and 19.4 months for CAU (p=0.775). Gestational diabetes (LSI: 8.2% vs CAU: 21.7%, p=0.133), hypertensive disorders (LSI: 8.2% vs CAU: 13.0%, p=0.673) and preterm birth (LSI: 12.2% vs CAU: 17.4%, p=0.716) rates were all lower in the LSI groups (SMS+ and SMS- combined) compared to CAU. This trial demonstrated a non-significant positive trend in pregnancy outcomes in favor of the lifestyle intervention groups. We believe that a pre-pregnancy three-component lifestyle intervention in overweight or obese women with PCOS supports the attempts to get a healthy pregnancy by creating weight loss with positive effects on their physical and mental health. Presentation: Monday, June 13, 2022 12:30 p.m. - 2:30 p.m.
25
Shirzad, Tamara, Mansooreh Yazdkhasti, Mitra Rahimzadeh, Leili Salehi, and Sara Esmaelzadeh –Saeieh. "The Relationship between Pregnancy Intention, Pregnancy Outcomes, Postpartum Depression, and Maternal Role Adaptation." Journal of Holistic Nursing And Midwifery 32, no. 2 (March 19, 2022): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jhnm.32.2.2200.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Unplanned pregnancy and its complications are a global problem that affects women, families, and the community. Objective: This study aimed to assess the relationship between pregnancy intention, pregnancy outcomes, postpartum depression, and maternal role adaptation in pregnant women referred to healthcare centers of Robat Karim City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This cohort study was conducted on 240 pregnant women referred to the healthcare centers of Robat Karim in 2019. They were selected by the convenience sampling method. After completing the London questionnaire in the 26th week of gestation, the participants were equally divided into planned and unplanned pregnancy groups. Edinburgh postnatal depression scale and parenting sense of competency scale were completed 10 days and 30 days after delivery. The obtained data were presented by descriptive statistics and analyzed by the Chi-square and t test for comparison between two groups and structural equation model for assessing the relationship between variables. Results: The mean ± SD values of age, marital duration time, and gravidity number of participants were 30±7.1, 1.5±0.02, and 5, respectively. The results revealed a significant difference between the two groups concerning the mean score of postpartum depression and maternal competency, 10 and 30 days after delivery (P=0.001). The results of path analysis showed that pregnancy intention had a negative and significant effect on postpartum depression (B = -0.58, t value=-2.5), but a positive and significant impact on maternal competency (B = 0.39, t value=-2). According to the determined amount of variance, the variable of intention to pregnancy predicts 33% of postpartum depression (R2=0.33). Also, two variables of pregnancy intention and postpartum depression predict 55% of maternal competency (R2=0.55). Conclusion: Pregnancy intention had a significant effect on maternal depression and competency. It is recommended that pregnancy intention be screened during pregnancy, and also appropriate training and social support be provided for mothers with unplanned pregnancies.
26
Claude, Vivianne, Eric Hammer, Mikèla Lemieux, and Georges Kpazaï. "La réduction des complications de macrosomie, de déchirure périnéale et de césarienne à l’accouchement par la pratique d’activités physiques : état de la recherche." Diversity of Research in Health Journal 4, no. 1 (January 6, 2021): 35. http://dx.doi.org/10.28984/drhj.v4i1.335.
Full textAbstract:
In Canada, there are more than 350,000 childbirths per year (Statistics Canada, 2019). In the final phase of pregnancy, women can have a birth with or without complications (WHO, 2018; Public Health Agency of Canada, 2018). According to several researchers, physical activity in several cases helps prevent some of these complications (Public Health Ontario, 2015 ; Government du Québec, 2019). The present study aimed to determine whether physical activity plays a part in reducing the etiological factors of three delivery complications: macrosomia, perineal tears as well as caesarean section and, through this analysis, determine whether physical activity acts as a preventative measure. The results obtained underline the key preventative role of a physical activity intervention and of leisure with regard to macrosomia and caesarean section. As for the contribution of physical activity in reducing the risk of perineal tears, more research is needed to determine if its role is significant.
27
Vega-Malagón, Genaro, Tannia De Icaza-Llera, Alma Becerril-Santos, and Javier Ávila-Morales. "Resultados Perinatales De Hijos De Madres Adolescentes, Comparados Con Hijos De Madres No Adolescentes En Un Hospital De Segundo Nivel En México." European Scientific Journal, ESJ 12, no. 21 (July 29, 2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.19044/esj.2016.v12n21p25.
Full textAbstract:
OBJECTIVE: To determine perinatal outcomes of children of adolescent mothers against the ones of children of non-adolescent mothers in a second level class hospital in Mexico. METHODOLOGY: Case-control studies applied at “Hospital del Niño y la Mujer” from the National Health Department of Queretaro, Qro. from September 1st, 2015 to January 30th, 2016. A sample of 60 medical records of teenage pregnant women was studied. In addition to 90 medical records of women between 20 to 35 years old who had an obstetric event. The analysis was performed using descriptive and inferential statistics. With a 95% confidence interval and a value of p < 0.05. RESULTS: The average age range was 17.38 and 25.33 respectively. The quantitative variables, statistically significant with a p<0.05, were: weight and Apgar score one minute after birth, whereas in weeks of gestation, height and Apgar score five minutes after birth and after days of hospitalization, there was no change. The most frequent qualitative variables among adolescent women were: complications during childbirth (15%), complications with the newborn (18.3%), and route of termination of pregnancy by caesarean section (70%), while in pregnant women between 20 to 35 years old, the complications during the pregnancy were more frequent (51.1%). CONCLUSIONS: Pregnancy among adolescent women continues to have a higher mortality rate than in 20 to 35 year-old women, although it is less frequent than in previous years. It is necessary to promote sexual education to reduce the incidence in this age group.
28
Alalageri, Kavya M., Shobha ., and Ranganath Timmanahalli Sobagaih. "A study to assess premature mortality and years of potential life lost among the mortality victims of Victoria Hospital, Bengaluru." International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 4, no. 10 (September 22, 2017): 3927. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20174276.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Premature mortality by age 60 accounted for one-third of total deaths in low and middle income countries in 2008. While under-5 mortality as a proportion of premature mortality remains high in some countries, premature adult mortality is also increasing. Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) are the leading cause of death and primarily affect those of productive age. India is also experiencing rapid demographic and epidemiological transition. Although evidence suggests recent reductions in infant and child mortality, little is known about the age and sex patterns of premature deaths in India.Methods: Record based study was conducted from 4 months mortality statistics who belong to less than 69 yrs during the period June-September 2016 at Victoria Hospital. Data is entered in MS-Excel and analyzed in the form of descriptive statistics. Data is presented in the form of figures, tables, charts and percentages wherever necessary.Results: There were total of 1265 deaths in 4 months, among them 890 deaths occurred <69 yrs of age. Most of them belong to 45-54 yrs which is the income generating age-group. Most of them belong to 45-54 yrs which is the income generating age-group. Most of the mortality victims admitted in hospital for <24 hrs (45.28%) followed by a week (45.05%). Infectious diseases, burns, hypertension, and alcohol related complications and poly trauma are the top 5 causes of premature deaths. Mean years of potential life lost (YPLL) due to NCDs like cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus and hypertension is 20.92 yrs.Conclusions: Health system should gear up at all levels of health care in order to reduce mortality due to NCDs and thus to increase life-expectancy.
29
Oduor, Kevin Otieno, and Beatrice Kithuka. "Factors Associated with High Rate of Pregnancy Among Teenagers Aged 13-19 Years in Nyatike Sub-County, Kenya." East African Journal of Health and Science 2, no. 1 (July 28, 2020): 38–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.37284/eajhs.2.1.186.
Full textAbstract:
One in every four girls in Nyatike Sub-county is expectant or has already begun childbearing. The girls in primary schools are getting pregnant at a higher rate than their counterparts in secondary schools. Due to the proximity to mining sites and Lake Victoria, the cases of teenage pregnancies are constantly high. This study was carried out to determine the factors associated with a high rate of teenage pregnancy among teenagers aged 13-19 years in Nyatike Sub-county. Specifically, the study focused on determining the socio-demographic, socio-economic, and socio-cultural factors associated with the high rate of teenage pregnancy in the sub-county. A cross-sectional descriptive study design was used. Self-administered questionnaires and in-depth interviews were used for data collection. A sample size of 311 respondents was used in the study. To arrive at the desired sample size above, a purposive/judgmental sampling technique was adopted. To analyze the data, the study adopted the use of Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS version 20) and descriptive statistics. The study found out that poverty, lack of gainful employment, and inadequate sexual reproductive health services are enormously associated with early pregnancy among teenagers aged 13-19 years. The study also found out that proximity to the mining sites and lake are among the socio-demographic factors associated with teenage pregnancy. The study also determined that parents marry off their daughters at a tender age, religions permitting/embracing teenage pregnancy and lack of parental guidance are the socio-cultural practices associated with early teenage pregnancy. This study provides insights into the factors that are associated with teenage pregnancy and the disruptive approaches that can be adopted to address this public health concern. By the same token, this study fills the gap in previous studies in Nyatike Sub-county that have only concentrated on the prevalence of teenage pregnancy and not the factors associated with it.
30
Hossain, Zakir, and Maria. "Analyzing Overdispersed Antenatal Care Count Data in Bangladesh: Mixed Poisson Regression with Individual-Level Random Effects." Austrian Journal of Statistics 50, no. 4 (July 15, 2021): 78–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.17713/ajs.v50i4.1163.
Full textAbstract:
Poisson regression (PR) is commonly used as the base model for analyzing count data with the restrictive equidispersion property. However, overdispersed nature of count data is very common in health sciences. In such cases, PR produces misleading inferences and hence give incorrect interpretations of the results. Mixed Poisson regression with individual--level random effects (MPR_ILRE) is a further improvement for analyzing such data. We compare MPR_ILRE with PR, quasi-Poisson regression (Q_PR) and negative binomial regression (NBR) for modelling overdispersed antenatal care (ANC) count data extracted from the latest Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS) 2014. MPR_ILRE is found to be the best choice because of its minimum Akaike information criterion (AIC) value and the overdispersion exists in data has also been modelled very well. Study findings reveal that on average, women attended less than three ANC visits and only 6.5\% women received the World Health Organization (WHO) recommended eight or more ANC visits for the safe pregnancy and child birth. Administrative division, place of residence, birth order, exposure of media, education, wealth index and body mass index (BMI) have significant impact on adequate ANC attendance of women to reducing pregnancy complications, maternal and child deaths in Bangladesh.
31
Karkera, Dr Shilpa. "New Born Children with NTD." Scholars International Journal of Anatomy and Physiology 5, no. 1 (January 19, 2022): 9–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.36348/sijap.2022.v05i01.002.
Full textAbstract:
Background: The aim of the study was to describe epidemiological aspects and clinical characteristics of these patients, as well as diagnostic work-up, comprehensive management and updated follow-up. Methods: In a 4-years’ period, 6 female and 4 male fetuses were diagnosed with NTD in Department of OBG at Victoria Hospital, BMCRI, Bangalore. Analyzed data were related to familiar and/or maternal risk factors (consanguinity, maternal preexisting and/or gestational diseases, exposure to teratogen/infectious agents, lack of preconception folic acid supplement), demographic (ethnicity/origin, residence) and clinical features (eventual use of assisted reproduction techniques, prenatal diagnosis, gestational age, fetal presentation, type of delivery, birth weight, preoperative imaging, antibiotics and analgesics use, description of the surgery intervention, length of hospital stay, comorbidities, complications), and follow-up. Results: Among 10 cases, 6 female and 4 male fetuses were diagnosed with NTD. All 10 fetuses had Anencephaly and other associated anomalies. The diagnosis was made by prenatal ultrasonography. Among ten mothers one was over-aged. Medical history revealed that only 2 mothers used folic acid (FA), -tablets containing 5 mg folic acid, once daily, beginning after being aware of the pregnancy- neither initiated preconceptionally, nor consumed regularly. The remaining 8 mothers did not use any supplements. No mothers used any kind of drugs during pregnancy, and 2 were diabetic. All patients had normal thyroid, liver and renal function tests. Abdominal ultrasonography revealed no abnormality.
32
Santana, Danielly, Fernanda Surita, and José Cecatti. "Multiple Pregnancy: Epidemiology and Association with Maternal and Perinatal Morbidity." Revista Brasileira de Ginecologia e Obstetrícia / RBGO Gynecology and Obstetrics 40, no. 09 (September 2018): 554–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0038-1668117.
Full textAbstract:
AbstractTwin pregnancy accounts for 2 to 4% of total births, with a prevalence ranging from 0.9 to 2.4% in Brazil. It is associated with worse maternal and perinatal outcomes. Many conditions, such as severe maternal morbidity (SMM) (potentially life-threatening conditions and maternal near-miss) and neonatal near-miss (NNM) still have not been properly investigated in the literature. The difficulty in determining the conditions associated with twin pregnancy probably lies in its relatively low occurrence and the need for larger population studies. The use of the whole population and of databases from large multicenter studies, therefore, may provide unprecedented results. Since it is a rare condition, it is more easily evaluated using vital statistics from birth e-registries. Therefore, we have performed a literature review to identify the characteristics of twin pregnancy in Brazil and worldwide. Twin pregnancy has consistently been associated with SMM, maternal near-miss (MNM) and perinatal morbidity, with still worse results for the second twin, possibly due to some characteristics of the delivery, including safety and availability of appropriate obstetric care to women at a high risk of perinatal complications.
33
Yasmin, Shakila, Saba Nadeem, Aisha Javed, Najm us Sehar, Sadia Shakeel, and Amna Anum. "A Clinical Study on Thyroid Dysfunction in Pregnancy and its Effect on the Fetomaternal Outcome." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 4 (April 26, 2022): 323–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22164323.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Thyroid gland is the power house of human body. It provides energy for the various biochemical processes of the body and helps to maintain basal metabolic rate. Objective: To estimate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy and to evaluate the obstetric and perinatal outcomes in such pregnancies Setting: Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Bahawal Victoria Hospital Bahawalpur from 15 January 2021 to 15 JUNE 2021 Study Design: A Descriptive Case Series. Materials and Methods: A total of 292 cases of antenatal patients, irrespective of their period of gestation were enrolled in this study by random sampling method. Patients with multiple pregnancies and having bad obstetrical history were excluded. Detailed history and obstetrical examination, routine blood test and serum TSH were performed. These patients were followed during labour, delivery and puerperium and maternal outcome and neonatal outcomes were noted. Results: In this study we enrolled two hundreds and ninety two (292) antenatal women. Out of total 292 patients only 61 (20.9%) were nulliparous and rest of the patients were multiparous. The prevalence of thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy was 8.2%. Out of this, 2.74 % patients had sub clinical hypothyroidism (SCH). Overt hypothyroidism (OH) was seen in 2.40%, sub clinical Hyperthyroidism in 1.71% & the incidence of overt hyperthyroidism was 1.37%. Maternal complication included: abortion (5.5%), pre-eclampsia (3.4%), abruption-placentae (4.1%), preterm labour (4.5%), PPH (4.2%) and puerperal sepsis (2.8%). Neonatal outcomes included: preterm births (5.4%),LBW (5.1 %), IUGR (6.2%), still birth (4.4%), neonatal death (5.1%), low APGAR score ( <7 at 5 minutes ) (6.9%). Conclusion: Thyroid dysfunction in pregnancy, though has a low incidence, but is associated with adverse maternal and fetal complications. Thus thyroid screening should be done in antenatal period to improve fetomaternal outcome. Keywords: Thyroid dysfunction, Hypothyroidism, Hyperthyroidism, Fetomaternal outcome, Overt Hypothyroidism, Subclinical Hypothyroidism.
34
Catão, Carmem Dolores de Sá, Thaissa de Amorim Gomes, Rachel Queiroz Ferreira Rodrigues, and Renata de Souza Coelho Soares. "Evaluation of the knowledge of pregnant women about the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications." Revista de Odontologia da UNESP 44, no. 1 (February 2015): 59–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/1807-2577.1078.
Full textAbstract:
INTRODUCTION: Chronic persistent low-level infection in pregnant women, such as periodontal disease (PD) may impair maternal-fetal unit, since the infectious process induces the release of chemical mediators involved in the process of prematurity. OBJECTIVE: To assess the knowledge of mothers as regards the relationship between oral diseases and pregnancy complications. METHOD: A cross-sectional epidemiological study was conducted with 104 pregnant women indexed in the Primary Care Information System (SIAB), in the Family Health Strategies (FHS), using a structured questionnaire. Data were recorded in SPSS and analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics, considering a significance level of 5%. RESULT: Most patients (64.4%) were domestic workers, (48.1%) aged 24 to 34 years, (55.8%) showed complete the 2nd grade and incomplete high school education, and (49%) were primiparous. Among the participants, 76% were unaware of the relationship between oral disease, prematurity and giving birth to low birth weight babies. Statistically significant association was found between: educational level and knowledge about prenatal dental care (p = 0.012); since it was shown that 90.4% ignored the existence of this activity and 65.4% had never received information about the care of baby's oral hygiene (p = 0.003). CONCLUSION: Most women were unaware of the relationship of PD with prematurity, and showed lack of information about the care of mother and baby oral hygiene, highlighting the need for greater integration between the dental surgeon and other primary care professionals to promote oral health care of pregnant women and reduce the ratio of PD with pregnancy complications.
35
Kanneganti, Aishwarya, Asma Sajid, and Latha Sashi. "Knowledge of Diet and Lifestyle Measures for Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy." Indian Journal of Nutrition and Dietetics 57, no. 1 (January 3, 2020): 52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21048/ijnd.2020.57.1.24363.
Full textAbstract:
<p> Hypertensive Disorders of Pregnancy (HDP) pose significant risks to materno-fetal health. Appropriate knowledge of the condition ensures timely intervention. Dietary and lifestyle recommendations in HDP differ from those in the non-pregnant population. Salt restriction is not recommended and physical activity may be contraindicated. The aim of the study is to identify the knowledge of pregnant hypertensive Indian women about normal blood pressure in pregnancy, warning signs and complications of HDP and control measures. A cross sectional study was conducted in maternity centres using purposive convenience sampling and a structured questionnaire. Data was analysed using descriptive statistics. One hundred women completed the study. Sixty three per cent knew what constituted high blood pressure, 56% and 60% had a knowledge score of ≤ 50% for warning signs and complications of high blood pressure respectively. When questioned about control measures, women believed that dietary modifications (88%), physical activity (84%), bed rest (51%) and weight loss (44%) were important. With respect to knowledge of salt intake recommendations, 39% correctly identified the daily recommendation, 93% believed salt reduction is necessary and 21% believed salt elimination is required. Thirty nine per cent of women stated high calcium foods are beneficial for control. Post diagnosis, 80% and 38% reported salt reduction and use of low sodium salt, respectively. Traditional home remedies cited included bananas, spinach, curry leaf, garlic, barley water, flax seeds and beetroot. In adequate awareness of HDP may delay necessary medical interventions. Misconceptions regarding salt restriction need to be addressed to prevent iodine deficiency disorders. Counseling regarding a healthy diet for HDP and risks associated with excess physical activity and strict bed rest need to be communicated more effectively.</p>
36
Chaparro, María, María G. Donday, Francisco Abad-Santos, Francisco Javier Martín de Carpi, Miguel Ángel Maciá-Martínez, Dolores Montero, Diana Acosta, Yanire Brenes, and Javier P. Gisbert. "The safety of drugs for inflammatory bowel disease during pregnancy and breastfeeding: the DUMBO registry study protocol of GETECCU." Therapeutic Advances in Gastroenterology 14 (January 2021): 175628482110180. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/17562848211018097.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Active disease during conception and pregnancy in women with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) increases the risk of pregnancy complications and adverse neonatal outcomes. The use of IBD treatments during pregnancy should be weighed against their adverse effects on the neonate, but longer-term safety data and data on serious infection rates and malignancies postnatally are lacking, particularly for newer drugs, such as tofacitinib, vedolizumab and ustekinumab. Methods: This ongoing, prospective registry study being conducted at 70 centres in Spain is enrolling pregnant women who are ⩾18 years, are at any point in pregnancy up to the end of the second trimester and have a diagnosis of Crohn’s disease, ulcerative colitis or unclassified IBD. Patients will receive treatment decided independently by their IBD specialist. Each incident gestation will be followed up through pregnancy and the first 4 years postnatally. Three cohorts will be compared: biologicals exposed, immunomodulatory exposed and non-exposed. The primary endpoint is the risk of severe infection in newborns postnatally up to 4 years of age; other endpoints include serious adverse events (SAEs) such as pregnancy and delivery complications, neonatal SAEs, development [Ages and Stages Questionnaire-3 (ASQ3)], and malignancy incidence, up to 4 years of age. IBD specialists will collect maternal data (baseline/end of each trimester/1 month post-delivery), neonatal birth data, and the SAE and ASQ3 data in children exposed during pregnancy, reported every 3 months by the mother. Statistical analysis will include summary statistics for quantitative variables, comparisons of qualitative variables with significance set at p < 0.025 and a binary logistic regression model to determine the risk factors for severe infections. Results: Enrolment began in September 2019 and study completion is expected in September 2028. Conclusions: This prospective, controlled study will provide evidence on the long-term safety profile in children after intrauterine and lactation exposure to biological and immunomodulatory IBD treatments, including data on postnatal severe infections, development and malignancies. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT03894228
37
Rao Vavilala, Satish Kumar, Indrani Garre, and Sumalatha Beeram. "Role of Ambulatory Blood Pressure Monitoring in Predicting Adverse Maternofetal Events in Pregnancy." Indian Journal of Cardiovascular Disease in Women - WINCARS 06, no. 01 (January 2021): 017–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0040-1708576.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Aims To correlate the relationship between the ambulatory blood pressure parameters and the occurrence of the antenatal and postnatal adverse maternofetal events in pregnancy. Methods Observational study designed for 50 pregnant patients who had an appointment to the obstetrics with abnormal blood pressure (BP) measurements and for whom ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) was studied between January 2019 and June 2019. Data about age, personal history, obstetrics, family, body mass index (BMI), weight gain in pregnancy, values of blood pressure in the appointment, values recorded in ABPM, delivery and newborn, pregnancy and postpartum events, and follow-up of woman and child. Data were analyzed using descriptive and inferential statistics with Minitab 17.0 for Windows. Results Patients demographic data, clinical history, and laboratory results, including the ABPM parameters, were compiled. Antenatal complications occurred in 22 patients (44%), and postpartum complications were found in 41 patients (82%) whose ABPM values were deranged. Antenatal complications were studied using the binary logistic regression analysis for calculating the role each factor played in the development of hypertension. In the sample studied, mean age was 24.980 with a standard deviation of 4.876 (p = 0.003; minimum age of 19 years and maximum age of 38 years), mean weight of patient was 63.71 with a standard deviation of 63.71 (p = 0.001), mean gravida was 1.780 with a standard deviation of 0.910 (p = 0.034), mean gestation weeks at presentation was 33.000 weeks with a standard deviation of 4.086 (p = 0.041), mean birth weight was 2.226 with a standard deviation of 0.797 (p = 0.000), mean maximum diastole was 109.22 with a standard deviation of 16.53 (p = 0.002), mean day maximum systole was 187.2 with a standard deviation of 203.5 (p = 0.009), mean day minimum diastole was 63.50 with a standard deviation of 12.99 (p = 0.013), all of which had statistical significance. It is found that the nighttime diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and daytime maximum systolic blood pressure (SBP) were the best predictors of adverse events. Among antenatal complications (ANC), the most common complication is intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR), noted in (n = 19, 86.36%) preterm delivery (n = 17, 77.27%) among the 17 babies who were delivered preterm; 12 (70.5%) needed neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) care of which 4 (25%) babies died because of prematurity; intrauterine death (IUD) was noted in 7 (31.81%) patients and eclampsia was seen in 5 (22.72%). Nondippers proðle had a worse survival rate at follow-up until delivery compared with those with a dipper proðle. Postnatal complications were seen in 41 patients; among them, 13 patients (31.7%) had abnormal fundus examination, 15 patients (36.58%) required usage of antihypertensive beyond first postpartum, 9 patients (21.95%) required blood transfusion for severe bleeding in the form of postpartum hemorrhage. Binary logistic regression for systolic dippers versus nondippers shows statistical significance in age (p = 0.023), weight (p = 0.038), and para (p = 0.045) (Table 3). Binary logistic regression for diastolic dippers versus nondippers shows statistical significance in age (p = 0.039), weight (p = 0.020), birth weight (p = 0.010), maximum heart rate (p = 0.043), and ANC (p = 0.007) Adverse events occurred most commonly in nondippers. Systole nondippers is noted in (n = 41, 82%). Dippers is noted in (n = 9, 18%), Diastole nondippers is noted in (n = 39, 78%) Dippers is noted in (n = 11, 22%). Conclusion ABPM recorded blood pressure is very precise. ABPM is the advised method for both diagnostic and therapeutic monitoring of hypertensive pregnancy diseases, mainly in situations like whitecoat hypertension, masked hypertension, nocturnal hypertension, and nondipping profile. In patients with high-risk pregnancy, elderly primigravida, and precious pregnancy, who have a high-risk of developing pregnancy-induced hypertension (PIH) and related complications, early use of ABPM predicts adverse maternofetal events, which when intervened at an earlier date can prevent antenatal and postnatal complications.
38
Hemabh-Hilekaan, Samuel K., Eka P. O., Maanongun M. T., and Unazi U. E. "Maternal mortality statistics and risk factors at a tertiary hospital in Makurdi, Nigeria." International Journal of Reproduction, Contraception, Obstetrics and Gynecology 8, no. 8 (July 26, 2019): 3140. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2320-1770.ijrcog20193525.
Full textAbstract:
Background: To determine the magnitude of maternal mortality and its major causes including the trend and social demographic factors associated with the problem in our environment.Methods: A retrospective institutional review of all the case notes of maternal mortality at the Benue State University Teaching Hospital, Makurdi over a six-year study period, from July, 2012 to June, 2018 were computed and analyzed.Results: A total of 2,442 deliveries took place within the period under review, out of which 2,325 were live births. Total maternal deaths were 26, giving a total maternal mortality ratio (MMR) of 1,118 deaths per 100, 000. The major causes of maternal mortality during this period were unsafe abortion and its complications, hypertensive diseases in pregnancy, puerperal sepsis and obstetric hemorrhage.Conclusions: Maternal mortality remains very high at our facility y, although with a declining trend. This may be a reflection of the situation in the general population. Increased coverage of the National Health Insurance Scheme, blood availability and utilization of antenatal services will further reduce maternal mortality in Nigeria.
39
Francis, Jimi. "Nutrient Associations With Hypertension During Pregnancy." Current Developments in Nutrition 6, Supplement_1 (June 2022): 645. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/cdn/nzac061.029.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Objectives The objective of the study was to evaluate biomarkers over the course of pregnancy to determine any associations with risk of developing gestational hypertension. Methods Women were recruited in their first trimester of pregnancy. Sample size calculation was based on a confidence interval of 20 and a confidence level of 95%. The calculated sample size was 24. Thirty pregnant women were recruited to account for attrition. After signing an informed consent, participants completed a brief health history and demographic survey. At 12-, 20-, and 30-weeks gestation biomarkers of anthropometric measurements and serum were evaluated. Anthropometric measurements included height, weight, wrist and ankle circumference, and blood pressure. Serum was tested for vitamin D, magnesium, C-reactive protein, and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR). Weight and height were measured to obtain Body Mass Index (BMI) by using a Professional Health-o-Meter and SECA stadiometer. Blood pressure was measured by an MDF Bravata Palm Aneroid Professional Sphygmomanometer. Ankle and wrist circumferences were measured by a SECA 201 Girth Measuring Tape. Descriptive statistics, t-tests, chi-square, and analysis of variance were used to analyze the data collected. Results Twenty % of the participants developed hypertension during pregnancy. Vitamin D and magnesium deficiency based on laboratory standards at 12 weeks gestation were predictive of elevated ESR at 20 weeks gestation and hypertension at 30 weeks gestation using regression equations indicating a developing inflammatory response as evidenced by elevated C-reactive protein and anthropometric measurements. Weight gain was not associated with high blood pressure at 30 weeks gestation (p = 0.405). Conclusions The data analyzed indicates that vitamin D, magnesium, and C-reactive protein levels are strong predictive variables of increased risk of developing HDP. Through the use of biomarkers and anthropometric measurements to evaluate the changes during pregnancy earlier detection of developing complications such as hypertension may be feasible. Funding Sources Partial funding for this project was received from the Foundation for Maternal, Infant, and Lactation Knowledge.
40
Naeem, Unaiza, Syed Hasan Shuja, and Areesha Jawed. "“COVID-19 and Pregnancy: A Compelling Need for Vaccination"." Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association 72, no. 5 (May 10, 2022): 1020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47391/jpma.5296.
Full textAbstract:
Madam, Since the beginning of 2021, massive vaccination programmes have been initiated, aiming to curb the COVID-19 pandemic, yet certain groups remain vulnerable, especially pregnant women (1). A recent study has emphasized the implications of COVID-19 in pregnant females; evaluating statistics from various countries, the authors reported maternal mortality to be 22 times higher in pregnant women with COVID-19 diagnosis than those without (2). Compared with those without COVID-19, infected females giving birth showed significantly higher rates of ICU admission, respiratory intubation, mechanical ventilation, and a greater risk of having a preterm birth of fewer than 37 weeks (2). In Pakistan, Covid-19 is speculated to cause multiple complications among unvaccinated pregnant women. When local data was collected and presented at a webinar “Pregnancy in Covid-19 and importance of vaccine” held by a public medical university in association with the American Society of Microbiology, it was highlighted that Covid-19 caused a death rate of 8% in pregnant women. Each year, approximately 14% of pregnant women are susceptible to have medical complications. (3) These adverse outcomes during pregnancy accentuate the need for vaccination of pregnant individuals. Recent studies have started assessing the outcome of Covid-19 vaccination on the pregnant women population and demonstrated positive results. Blakeway et al reported that women who received at least one dose of COVID-19 vaccine in pregnancy versus unvaccinated females had similar rates of all adverse pregnancy outcomes and concluded that vaccines do not affect perinatal outcomes (4). Guidelines recommending urgent vaccination for pregnant people have also been released, stressing that the benefits of the vaccine supercede any potential risks (1). However, several factors have hindered the process of vaccination of pregnant women such as the exclusion of pregnant women from clinical trials that have caused difficulty in establishing confidence of pregnant women in the vaccines In addition, the prevailing conspiracy theories in Pakistan about vaccination programmes, being a Western agenda to induce sterility in Muslim women has further hindered the success of vaccination programme for pregnant women. (5) Physicians must implement the past positive findings of vaccination among pregnant women when counseling patients who are pregnant, planning a pregnancy, breastfeeding, or planning to breastfeed, and facilitate them in opting for government authorized vaccines for clinical use. At the same time, pregnant women who wish to wait for more data to make an informed decision must be supported and updated by their doctor regularly. ---continue
41
Arusi, Iyad, Vikas Gupta, Ann Kinga Malinowski, Nadine Shehata, and Dawn Maze. "Pregnancy Management and Outcomes in Patients with Myeloproliferative Neoplasms." Blood 138, Supplement 1 (November 5, 2021): 4615. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2021-153887.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract Introduction: While BCR-ABL1 negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN) are typically diagnosed in the sixth decade of life, approximately 20% of patients are diagnosed before the age of 40 years. Patients with MPN of reproductive age are being increasingly encountered in clinical practice. Concurrently, there has been increased awareness of the risks of pregnancy complications in patients with MPN and the importance of MPN-specific management to help mitigate these risks. MPN are associated with thrombotic and hemorrhagic complications, and pregnancy may amplify the thrombotic risk. Additionally, MPN may be associated with an increased risk of placental dysfunction and associated complications of preeclampsia, fetal growth restriction, preterm delivery and fetal loss. The aim of this observational study was to report on pregnancy outcomes in a modern cohort of patients with MPN managed according to consensus recommendations. Methods: We conducted a retrospective review of patients with MPN and pregnancy evaluated at either the Princess Margaret Cancer Centre or Mount Sinai Hospital in Toronto, Canada between January 1, 2010 and December 31, 2020. Diagnoses were defined according to the WHO 2016 criteria using information available from hospital records. Descriptive statistics were used to describe selected baseline characteristics. Categorical variables were summarized with counts and percentages. Results: A total of 32 patients with MPN and pregnancy were included in the study (Table 1). The median age at the time of the index pregnancy was 33 (range 21 - 45) years. The most common MPN diagnosis was essential thrombocythemia (ET, n=15), followed by polycythemia vera (PV, n=9) and primary myelofibrosis (PMF, n=8). Driver mutation data was available for 30 patients: 17 (57%) had mutated JAK2, 5 (17%) CALR, and 9 (30%) had no driver mutation identified. Five patients had a prior history of venous thrombosis, all of which were portal vein thrombosis, and 2 patients had a history of bleeding events. Information on antenatal treatment was available for 22 patients: 18 (82%) patients received aspirin, 3 (14%) received antenatal low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) and 3 (14%) received interferon (IFN; interferon alpha 2b in 2 cases and pegylated interferon alfa 2a in 1); 16 (73%) received post-partum LMWH. Information on maternal complications was available for 22 patients. There were 2 thrombotic events (1 antepartum and 1 postpartum) and 1 postpartum hemorrhage. There were no cases of preeclampsia. Of 22 pregnancies, there were 19 live births (86%), 2 first trimester losses (9%) and 1 second trimester loss (5%). Gestational age was 37 weeks or more in 16/17 (94%) and was 33 weeks for 1 patient. Vaginal deliveries were performed in 11/20 (55%) cases and 9/20 (45%) were Cesarean deliveries. Discussion: This observational study represents a modern cohort of MPN patients treated according to consensus recommendations. Our findings highlight that MPN patients have better pregnancy outcomes than those previously described in the literature. Limitations of this retrospective study include a small sample, missing data, and potential underreporting of early pregnancy loss. Pregnancy in patients with MPN is associated with unique risks that may be reduced with interventions such as antepartum aspirin, IFN in higher risk patients, and postpartum LMWH. That not all standard risk patients were managed with aspirin and postpartum LMWH suggests educational opportunities exist for hematologists and maternal-fetal medicine physicians involved in the care of these patients. Figure 1 Figure 1. Disclosures Gupta: Novartis: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees, Research Funding; BMS-Celgene: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; AbbVie: Consultancy, Honoraria; Pfizer: Consultancy; Roche: Consultancy; Constellation Pharma: Consultancy, Honoraria; Sierra Oncology: Consultancy, Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Incyte: Honoraria, Research Funding. Malinowski: Alexion: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Pfizer: Consultancy. Maze: Novartis: Honoraria, Membership on an entity's Board of Directors or advisory committees; Celgene-BMS: Honoraria; Takeda: Research Funding; PharmaEssentia: Research Funding; Kronos Bio: Research Funding.
42
., Monika, Israt Saba Mari, Monika Maheshwari, Shahida Shaikh, Qararo Shah Syed, and Bharat Kumar. "Effects of Novel Coronavirus 2019 Infection on Antenatal Hematological Parameters in Pregnant Women." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, no. 11 (November 30, 2021): 3279–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs2115113279.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Disturbance of haematological parameters is prevalent in pregnancy globally leading to a range of feto-maternal complications. Covid-19 infection has potential to enhance the severity of and complications impending due to anaemia in pregnancy. Objective: To determine the effects of Covid-19 infection on haematological parameters during antenatal care among pregnant women in rural Sindh. Study Design: Cross sectional study. Setting: Shaikh Zaid Institute, Chandka Medical College, Larkana. Duration: From March 1, 2021, and May 31, 2021. Materials and Method: A sample of 110 pregnant women, of 18-50 years of age, presenting in first through third trimester with single alive pregnancy, were included in the study after taking a valid written consent. The Research Evaluation Committee of SMBBMU- Larkana granted approval. Women having any haemoglobinopathy were excluded. Covid-19 test conducted through rt-PCR method. A standard questionnaire was used to collect data of two groups. Analysis was performed through SPSS Version-23. Descriptive and inferential statistics were calculated. Results: Mean ± SD age was 30.3 ± 6.99 (Range: 19 to 45) years. Both groups were identical in age. Mean ± SD gestational age was 28.12 ± 4.66 weeks (Range: 20-38). Covid-19 positive women had lower mean Hb (9.7 ± 2.11) than the covid-19 negative (10.54 ± 2.51; P = 0.158). Other haematological parameters like MCV, serum ferritin, TIBC, TLC & platelets were statistically different between groups. Women of eldest group i-e; in 41-50 years, from urban areas, second trimester (gest. age 13-24 weeks), and nulliparous had been affected more from covid-19 (P = 0.271, 0.748, 0.290 & 0.053). Frequency and severity of anaemia was more among Covid-19 positive women. Conclusion: Covid‐19 demands maternal healthcare to be extra vigilant to the haematological parameters of pregnant women during antenatal care till delivery. Keywords: Antenatal care, pregnancy, anaemia, haemoglobin, Covid‐19.
43
Imaralu, John. "Emerging statistics on the Epidemiology of COVID-19: Making prevention in pregnancy less grievous than the disease." Babcock University Medical Journal (BUMJ) 3, no. 1 (June 30, 2020): 27–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.38029/bumj.v3i1.34.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Pregnant women are a vulnerable group to the COVID-19 infection; although it is expected that adaptive changes of pregnancy put them at increased risk of adverse outcome from any respiratory tract infection, interventions for the COVID-19 may put them in more danger. Nigeria is one of the leading countries with very poor maternal mortality indices and many other sub-Saharan African nations are in the same boat. Contingency plans need to be put in place to prevent precipitous deterioration in mortality rates occasioned by the dreaded SARS- Cov-2 pandemic. This mini-review of literature and WHO global statistics is aimed to determine the trends in COVID-19 transmission and mortality rates to provide evidence-based information that may enable governments to tailor their interventions to the peculiar needs, of sub-Saharan African populations. Main body: Emerging epidemiological trends on transmission and mortality within Africa and the worst affected regions of the world suggests better outcomes of this infection in sub-Saharan Africa, than in other regions of the world. Also, present data allude to similar outcomes between pregnant and non-pregnant women. The present containment measures of isolation and quarantine, including city-wide lockdowns, may put pregnant women at higher risk of death from other causes rather than COVID-19. The danger posed, is the limitation of access to emergency obstetric care services when pregnant women develop non-COVID-19 complications of pregnancy. Conclusion: The COVID-19 pandemic has lower local transmission rates and fatality in Africa, the region where the virus arrived last. While special efforts should be geared at shielding the elderly and infirm from contracting the infection, preventive measures in pregnant women must allow for access to emergency obstetric care to forestall iatrogenic adverse maternal outcomes.
44
Brohi, Sumera, Shazia Ahmed Jatoi, Saeed U. Nisa Sangi, Shaista Tabasum Abro, Rukhsana Shaikh, and Ayesha Jalbani. "Prevalence of Teenage Pregnancy & Its Outcome at Shaikh Zaid Women Hospital Larkana." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (May 30, 2022): 1461–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221651461.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Teenage adolescent pregnancy is an important community health issue globally. Research shows that mothers in teenage period are at a higher risk of maternal death and complications related with pregnancy in comparison to the mothers who are adult. Therefore, this research was directed to examine the sociodemographic profile and fetal and maternal outcomes related with teenage pregnancy and their comparison with mothers of 20-30 years of age. Study Design: A comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: In the obstetrics and Gynecology department of Sheikh Zaid Women Hospital Larkana for one-year duration from March 2021 to February 2022. Methods: A total of 60 teenage mothers ≤19 and 60 mothers who were 20-30 years of age respectively, were nominated as controls and cases. Data on the obstetric complications, fetal outcomes and sociodemographic profile were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested, pre-designed, partially structured questionnaire. The statistics were analyzed by entering data in the excel sheet of Microsoft. Results: In this study, 18.1 years was the mean age in teenage pregnant females and 24.3 years in the control group. 17.8 years was the mean age at which teenage mothers were married and for adults it was 20.1 years. 66.7% of teenage mothers and 61.7% of the control group are of high-low socioeconomic status. 80% of teenage pregnant females and 75% of control group were from rural areas. The mainstream of teenage mothers (70%) and control mothers (58.3%) are housewives by profession. The consanguineous marriages were observed in 33.3% of adolescent pregnant females and 41.7% in the control group. In this study, 38.3% and 46.7% of the mothers in adolescent and control group respectively had ante-natal checks during their pregnancy. Stillbirth / miscarriage were reported in 13.3% of adolescent mothers and 25% in the control group. 63.3% of teenage mothers had mild anemia and 53.3% in controls. The incidence of malnutrition (40% vs 15%, p <0.05), PPH (25% vs 6.7%, p <0.05), PROM (20% vs 3.3%, p <0.05) was significant in teenage mothers in comparison to mothers who were adults. The incidence of PIH was lower significantly in mothers during adolescence in comparison to adult mothers (13.3% vs. 31.7%, p <0.05). Conclusions: Complications such as PROM, maternal malnutrition, premature delivery, PPH and low birth weight occurred more frequently in adolescent mothers than in mothers who were adults. The adult mother’s higher proportion of PIH than in teenage mothers. Keywords: Adult pregnancy, teenage pregnancy, sociodemographic factors, adverse fetal and maternal outcomes.
45
Brohi, Sumera, Shazia Ahmed Jatoi, Saeed U. Nisa Sangi, Shaista Tabasum Abro, Rukhsana Shaikh, and Ayesha Jalbani. "Prevalence of Teenage Pregnancy & Its Outcome at Shaikh Zaid Women Hospital Larkana." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 5 (May 30, 2022): 1461–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs221651461.
Full textAbstract:
Background: Teenage adolescent pregnancy is an important community health issue globally. Research shows that mothers in teenage period are at a higher risk of maternal death and complications related with pregnancy in comparison to the mothers who are adult. Therefore, this research was directed to examine the sociodemographic profile and fetal and maternal outcomes related with teenage pregnancy and their comparison with mothers of 20-30 years of age. Study Design: A comparative cross-sectional study. Place and Duration: In the obstetrics and Gynecology department of Sheikh Zaid Women Hospital Larkana for one-year duration from March 2021 to February 2022. Methods: A total of 60 teenage mothers ≤19 and 60 mothers who were 20-30 years of age respectively, were nominated as controls and cases. Data on the obstetric complications, fetal outcomes and sociodemographic profile were collected through face-to-face interviews using a pre-tested, pre-designed, partially structured questionnaire. The statistics were analyzed by entering data in the excel sheet of Microsoft. Results: In this study, 18.1 years was the mean age in teenage pregnant females and 24.3 years in the control group. 17.8 years was the mean age at which teenage mothers were married and for adults it was 20.1 years. 66.7% of teenage mothers and 61.7% of the control group are of high-low socioeconomic status. 80% of teenage pregnant females and 75% of control group were from rural areas. The mainstream of teenage mothers (70%) and control mothers (58.3%) are housewives by profession. The consanguineous marriages were observed in 33.3% of adolescent pregnant females and 41.7% in the control group. In this study, 38.3% and 46.7% of the mothers in adolescent and control group respectively had ante-natal checks during their pregnancy. Stillbirth / miscarriage were reported in 13.3% of adolescent mothers and 25% in the control group. 63.3% of teenage mothers had mild anemia and 53.3% in controls. The incidence of malnutrition (40% vs 15%, p <0.05), PPH (25% vs 6.7%, p <0.05), PROM (20% vs 3.3%, p <0.05) was significant in teenage mothers in comparison to mothers who were adults. The incidence of PIH was lower significantly in mothers during adolescence in comparison to adult mothers (13.3% vs. 31.7%, p <0.05). Conclusions: Complications such as PROM, maternal malnutrition, premature delivery, PPH and low birth weight occurred more frequently in adolescent mothers than in mothers who were adults. The adult mother’s higher proportion of PIH than in teenage mothers. Keywords: Adult pregnancy, teenage pregnancy, sociodemographic factors, adverse fetal and maternal outcomes.
46
Roth, Cassia. "Birthing life and death: women’s reproductive health in early twentieth-century Rio de Janeiro." História, Ciências, Saúde-Manguinhos 25, no. 4 (December 2018): 921–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0104-59702018000500003.
Full textAbstract:
Abstract This article explores women’s reproductive health in early twentieth-century Rio de Janeiro, showing that elevated and sustained stillbirth and maternal mortality rates marked women’s reproductive years. Syphilis and obstetric complications during childbirth were the main causes of stillbirths, while puerperal fever led maternal death rates. Utilizing traditional sources such as medical dissertations and lesser-used sources including criminal investigations, this article argues that despite official efforts to medicalize childbirth and increase access to clinical healthcare, no real improvements were made to women’s reproductive health in the first half of the twentieth century. This, of course, did not make pregnancy and childbirth any easier for the women who embodied these statistics in their reproductive lives.
47
Dooley, N., M. Cannon, D. Cotter, and M. Clarke. "Prediction of ADHD symptoms from prenatal data in two large population-based cohorts." European Psychiatry 65, S1 (June 2022): S142. http://dx.doi.org/10.1192/j.eurpsy.2022.384.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction The association between low birth weight and attention problems in childhood has been replicated many times (e.g. Momany, Kamradt, & Nikolas, 2018). However birth weight is unlikely the aetiological start-point of this association, as birth weight is itself the product of many prenatal factors e.g. gestational complications, maternal toxin exposure during pregnancy and basic demographics. Objectives We explore (1) which prenatal factors best predict attention problems in two independant population-based cohorts of children (2) which associations, if any, are moderated by sex and (3) we report accuracy statistics of our prenatal prediction algorithm for attention problems. Methods Participants were children aged 9 from ABCD study from the United States (N > 9,000) and the Growing Up in Ireland (GUI) study from Ireland (N > 6,000). Selected variables included familial pscyhiatric history, maternal smoking during gestation, prescription and non-prescription drug-use during gestation and a variety of gestational complications. All interactions with sex were also included. We used 5-fold cross-validation and elastic net regression (glmnet) to identify the optimal predictors of attention problems (measured by CBCL and SDQ). Results Strongest predictors of attention problems in the U.S. cohort included male sex, number of drugs used during pregnancy, number of family members with a history of mental illness, and number of gestational complications. Sex interacted with several of these risks. Protective factors included being a twin/triplet, being Asian, having higher household income and higher parental education level. Conclusions Several risk factors for childhood attention problems were identified across both cohorts, supporting their generalizabilty. Other findings were cohort-specific. Disclosure No significant relationships.
48
Shaikh, Hiba Arshad, Sharin Khan, Ayesha Mustafa, Asma Ali Depar, Bakhtawar Mateen, and Muhammad Taha Arshad Shaikh. "Outcome of Gestational Diabetes during Pregnancy and at Delivery." Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 16, no. 9 (September 30, 2022): 811–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs22169811.
Full textAbstract:
Gestational diabetes (GDM) is a state of intolerance to glucose that initiates or is first diagnosed during gestation. About 1-14% of all pregnancies are complicated by GDM. The pregnancy-related morbidity and mortality in gestational diabetes is lower than in overt diabetes; however, if left untreated, it is significantly higher than in nondiabetic women. Treating GDM is important because appropriate treatment reduces side effects on the mother and newborn. GDM during pregnancy has a number of adverse short- and long-term consequences for both the mother and the fetus. Aim: To establish the relationship between gestational diabetes and complications related to pregnancy and childbirth. Study Design: A prospective cohort study. Place and Duration: The study was conducted at the Karachi Aga Khan University Hospital in the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology from 22 November, 2018 to 22 May 2019, six months after the approval of the study. Methods: 130 patients, 65 patients in the GDM group and 65 patients in the non-GDM group were enrolled in the study. Demographic data were presented as standard deviation and mean as well as simple descriptive statistics, while qualitative variables as percentage and frequency. Chi-square test was applied for comparison of the incidence of complications related to pregnancy and childbirth. P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. Relative risk was calculated. Results: 130 total patients, including 65 patients in GDM group and 65 patients in non GDM group were included. Mean age in GDM and non GDM group was 29.27±2.79 years and 28.49±3.40 years. Outcome of pregnancy in GDM and non GDM group showed that 27 (41.5%) and 18 (27.7%) had pregnancy induced hypertension, 07 (10.8%) and 03 (4.6%) had pre-eclampsia, 29 (44.6%) and 07 (10.8%) had polyhydramnios, 04 (6.2%) and 02 (3.1%) had antepartum hemorrhage, 01 (1.5%) and 06 (9.2%) had premature rupture of membrane, 11 (16.9%) and 09 (13.8%) had preterm labour, 13 (20%) and 04 (6.2%) had urinary tract infection. Outcome of pregnancy in GDM and non GDM group showed 51 (78.5%) and 33 (50.8%) had induction of labour, 17 (26.2%) and 14 (21.5%) had low birth weight, 14 (51%) and 03 (4.6%) had macrosomia, 02 (3.1%) and 01 (1.5%) had birth injury and 10 (15.4%) and 11 (16.9%) had NICU admission. Conclusion: Gestational diabetes (GDM) is the utmost communal medicinal complication of pregnancy. It has negative consequences for the mother and the newborn baby. Maintaining glycemia in GDM decreases the morbidity of both baby and mother. Keywords: Gestational diabetes mellitus, delivery outcome, pregnancy outcome, maternal and fetal outcomes.
49
Dinari, Fatemeh, Roghayeh Ershad Sarabi, Esmat Mashouf, and Khadijeh Moulaei. "The role of social networks in improving women's self-care during pregnancy and postpartum." Frontiers in Health Informatics 11, no. 1 (May 31, 2022): 116. http://dx.doi.org/10.30699/fhi.v11i1.371.
Full textAbstract:
Introduction: Pregnant women are always faced with common physical and mental problems during pregnancy and postpartum. Self-care through social networks as an effective and influential factor in women's empowerment can improve their physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to investigate the role of social networks in improving women's self-care during pregnancy and postpartum.Material and Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted through a researcher-made questionnaire. We invited 285 pregnant women referred to Fasa medical centers (Shiraz, Iran). 110 pregnant women agreed to participate in the study. Finally, according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 96 pregnant women entered the study and completed the questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics (mean, standard deviation, percentage, frequency) and analysis of variance with SPSS 22.Results: Among the 44 roles of social networks in the self-care processes during pregnancy and postpartum "regular use of drugs and supplements" (4.43 ± 0.81), "timely and regular tests (screening, etc.) and “timely and regular tests (screening, etc.) and ultrasounds during pregnancy" (4.22 ±0.90) and "communication with a public health expert in health homes"(4.07 ±0.97) were the most important roles." Management, control and improvement of foot edema" (1.71 ±1.01), "Management and control of complications due to iron deficiency" (1.97 ±1.11) and "Social support" (2.25 ±1.17) were the least important roles.Conclusion: Social networks as an important source of information can help to improve women's self-care processes during pregnancy and postpartum.
50
Goller, Jane L., Alysha M. De Livera, Rebecca, J. Guy, Nicola Low, Basil Donovan, Matthew Law, John M. Kaldor, Christopher K. Fairley, and Jane S. Hocking. "Rates of pelvic inflammatory disease and ectopic pregnancy in Australia, 2009–2014: ecological analysis of hospital data." Sexually Transmitted Infections 94, no. 7 (May 2, 2018): 534–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/sextrans-2017-053423.
Full textAbstract:
ObjectiveTo analyse yearly rates of pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and ectopic pregnancy (EP) diagnosed in hospital settings in Australia from 2009 to 2014.MethodsWe calculated yearly PID and EP diagnosis rates in three states (Victoria, New South Wales, Queensland) for women aged 15–44 years using hospital admissions and emergency department (ED) attendance data, with population and live birth denominators. We stratified PID diagnoses as chlamydial-related or gonorrhoeal-related (Chlamydia trachomatis (CT)-related or Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG)-related), acute, unspecified and chronic, and analysed variations by year, age and residential area using Poisson regression models.ResultsFor PID, the rate of all admissions in 2014 was 63.3 per 100 000 women (95% CI 60.8 to 65.9) and of all presentations in EDs was 97.0 per 100 000 women (95% CI 93.9 to 100.2). Comparing 2014 with 2009, the rate of all PID admissions did not change, but the rate of all presentations in EDs increased (adjusted incidence rate ratio (aIRR) 1.34, 95% CI 1.24 to 1.45), and for admissions by PID category was higher for CT-related or NG-related PID (aIRR 1.73, 95% CI 1.31 to 2.28) and unspecified PID (aIRR 1.09, 95% CI 1.00 to 1.19), and lower for chronic PID (aIRR 0.84, 95% CI 0.74 to 0.95). For EP, in 2014 the rate of all admissions was 17.4 (95% CI 16.9 to 17.9) per 1000 live births and of all ED presentations was 15.6 (95% CI 15.1 to 16.1). Comparing 2014 with 2009, the rates of all EP admissions (aIRR 1.06, 95% CI 1.04 to 1.08) and rates in EDs (aIRR 1.24, 95% CI 1.18 to 1.31) were higher.ConclusionsPID and EP remain important causes of hospital admissions for female STI-associated complications. Hospital EDs care for more PID cases than inpatient departments, particularly for young women. Updated primary care data are needed to better understand PID epidemiology and healthcare usage.