Relevant bibliographies by topics / Pregnancy

Academic literature on the topic 'Pregnancy'

Author: Grafiati
Published: 4 June 2021
Last updated: 1 June 2024

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Contents

  1. Journal articles
  2. Dissertations / Theses
  3. Books
  4. Book chapters
  5. Conference papers
  6. Reports

Journal articles on the topic "Pregnancy":

1

Sarma, Neeta. "Pregnancy outcome in pregnant women with oligohydramnios at term pregnancy." New Indian Journal of OBGYN 4, no. 2 (January 2018): 141–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.21276/obgyn.2018.4.2.10.

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Narayani, B. H. "Educational Status of Pregnant Women and Pregnancy Outcome." Indian Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology 6, no. 6 (2018): 614–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.21088/ijog.2321.1636.6618.7.

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Zakirkhodjaev, Rustam, and Khusan Shavkatkhujaev. "REFRACTION CHANGES IN PREGNANT WOMEN DURING PREGNANCY AND POSTPARTUM." UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL 1, no. 1 (January 30, 2020): 55–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0664-2020-1-10.

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Zakirhodjaev, R., and H. Shavkatkhodjaev. "STUDY OF REFRACTION CHANGES DURING PREGNANCY AND AFTER CHILDBIRTH IN PREGNANT WOMEN." UZBEK MEDICAL JOURNAL 4, no. 1 (April 30, 2020): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.26739/2181-0664-2020-4-2.

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Although ocular conditions are commonly encountered in pregnancy, their management in pregnancy and during labor is still debate. Our review synthesizes the existing evidence on pregnancy and labor impact on visual outcome in myopic patients. We aimed to evaluate the changes in ocular physiology during pregnancy, the characteristics of myopia in pregnant population.
5

Alp, Hayriye. "Our Infertility Cases With Pregnant Pregnancy After The Wet-Cupping." Obstetrics Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences 5, no. 05 (August 9, 2021): 01–03. http://dx.doi.org/10.31579/2578-8965/080.

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There is a physiological balance between our systems in our body. When this physiological balance is disturbed, diseases occur. It is thought that this balance is achieved by eliminating potentially harmful substances that cause diseases with wet-cupping. Infertility); It is defined as not having a pregnancy despite the couples having regular sexual intercourse. Voluntary infertility patients who applied to Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Traditional and Complementary Medicine Center were applied cupping procedure. The excretory systems in our bodies may be insufficient to remove heavy metals. Lead, mercury and nickel, which contributed to the development of pain, were found to be quite high in painful groups in our study. The fact that the height of the volume in the blood is higher than venous blood indicates that these heavy metals can be detoxified better with the cupping process. We think that during conventional infertility treatment, one of the complementary applications, cupping therapy can be added as an adjunct therapy in order to regulate the hormonal balance by heavy metal detox and in pregnancy treatment.
6

Bashir, Munira. "Pregnancy Outcome in Anemic Pregnant Women: Impact of Dietary Intervention." International Journal of Nursing & Midwifery Research 05, no. 01 (May 16, 2018): 37–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2455.9318.201809.

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Shakarwal, Shalini. "Comparative Study of Coagulation Profile in Normal Pregnant Women, Pregnant Women at High Risk, Normal Non-Pregnant Healthy Women and Pregnancy Outcome." Journal of Advanced Research in Medicine 07, no. 03 (December 22, 2020): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.24321/2349.7181.202010.

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Aims and Objective: To study and compare coagulation profile in normal pregnancy, pregnant women at high risk, non-pregnant women and pregnancy outcome. Method: This comparative prospective study was done in tertiary healthy care centre of north India for over period of one year. Result: Total 230 cases were taken, out of which 222 antenatal cases were unbooked cases with no antenatal visits along with 8 non-pregnant healthy women. Cases were further divided into three groups of non-pregnant women, normal pregnant women and pregnant women at high risk. All groups were compared for derangement of coagulation profile and pregnancy outcome in terms of adversity. In normal pregnant women (Group-1), there were 2 cases (94.4%) of deranged coagulation with isolated thrombocytopenia. In pregnant women at high risk (Group-2), 31 cases (16.6%) were having deranged coagulation out of which maximum cases were of eclampsia- preeclampsia spectrum (eclampsia and HELLP syndrome) followed by anaemia, placental abruption and placenta previa. In terms of adverse pregnancy outcome, maximum mortality was again in ecalmpsia and HELLP syndrome cases. In adverse perinatal outcome along with eclampsia and HELLP syndrome, preterm labour and FGR was a significant factor. Conclusion: Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy remain the main cause of deranged coagulation and adverse outcome in high risk pregnancy group along with anaemia and liver disease.
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Nesterová, Anna, Barbora Boudová, and Jan Kestřánek. "Interstitial pregnancy." Česká gynekologie 87, no. 6 (December 23, 2022): 408–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/cccg2022408.

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Objective: A case report of a patient with interstitial pregnancy and a history of hyperprolactinemia. Case report: A 30-year-old woman was hospitalized for a suspicion of ectopic pregnancy and referred for laparoscopy. During the laparoscopic surgery, interstitial pregnancy was diagnosed and solved with cornuostomy. Conclusion: Ectopic interstitial pregnancy represents a serious worldwide issue because unrecognized, it can endanger a woman’s life, despite advances in ultrasound examination, the diagnosis often remains inaccurate. Laparoscopic surgical approach with evacuation of pregnancy with subsequent uterus suture represents one of the possible approaches. This method is minimally invasive and safe. Key words: interstitial pregnancy – laparoscopy – methotrexate
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Roubalova, Lucie, Alzbeta Gardo, Sabina Horejskova, Alexandra Dudova, Ladislav Krofta, and Marek Lubusky. "Dynamics of serum levels and reference ranges of copeptin in the 3rd trimester of pregnancy in healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery." Česká gynekologie 89, no. 2 (April 22, 2024): 89–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.48095/cccg202489.

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Objective: Copeptin is a stable fragment of vasopressin. Copeptin levels have been found to reflect the degree of endothelial stress in various conditions, including acute coronary syndrome. Copeptin may be a bio marker for endothelial stress during pregnancy. However, there is still a lack of understanding of its dynamics and levels throughout pregnancy. This study aims to describe intra-individual and longitudinal changes in copeptin levels at 30th and 36th gestational weeks in healthy pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery and to establish specific reference ranges. Methods: A total of 125 pregnant women with uncomplicated pregnancy and delivery were included. These women were monitored throughout their pregnancy and gave birth at the Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology Olomouc University Hospital. The blood was taken at ~30 and ~36 gestational weeks. Serum copeptin levels were measured using a Kryptor Compact PLUS analyzer. For statistics, we used R software and the "referenceRanges" package. Results: It was found that serum levels of copeptin were significantly higher in the 36th week group than in the 30th week group (P < 0.05). Cook's distance was used to eliminate outliers. The 30th week median was 3.377 pmol/l, reference range = 1.343–7.829 pmol/l, and the 36 week was median 4.735 pmol/l and reference range = 2.06–13.2 pmol/l. In the 36th week reference range, the median was higher than in healthy, non-pregnant women (P < 0.05). Copeptin values can exceed 10 pmol/l, particularly after the 36th week. In the 3rd trimester, this value may indicate cardiovascular and endothelial overload. Conclusion: Copeptin levels were found to vary significantly depending on gestational week. The proposed reference ranges take into account the increased secretion of vasopressin in pregnancy. The existence of specific upper reference limits represents a potential advantage in detecting pregnant women prone to hypertensive disease in the 3rd trimester. Key words: copeptin – vasopressin – preeclampsia – gestational hypertension – reference ranges – pregnancy
10

Nandini, G., K. Umadevi, K. Padma, Rajini Uday, and R. Sahana. "Pemphigus Vulgaris with Pregnancy." Journal of South Asian Federation of Obstetrics and Gynaecology 4, no. 3 (2012): 159–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10006-1202.

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ABSTRACT Pemphigus vulgaris is an autoimmune bullous dermatosis affecting skin and mucous membrane.2 It affects all races and both sexes equally. It is common during the 5th and 6th decade of life.3 It is exceedingly rare in pregnancy5 and is associated with increased maternal morbidity and poor neonatal outcome.4 We do report a case of pemphigus vulgaris with pregnancy. She conceived during the active phase of the disease and treated with steroids throughout pregnancy. She delivered a live preterm, appropriate for gestational age and constitutionally small fetus. How to cite this article Nandini G, Umadevi K, Padma K, Uday R, Sahana R. Pemphigus Vulgaris with Pregnancy. J South Asian Feder Obst Gynae 2012;4(3):159-160.
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You might also be interested in the extended bibliographies on the topic 'Pregnancy' for particular source types:
Journal articles Dissertations / Theses Books

Dissertations / Theses on the topic "Pregnancy":

1

Klinger, Ingrid. "The nutritional status of pregnant women in relation to alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and pregnancy outcome." Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/16365.

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Thesis (MVoeding)--University of Stellenbosch, 2004.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Introduction: Heavy alcohol consumption during pregnancy is teratogenic.49-51 A woman’s nutritional requirements increase during pregnancy.4 The dangers of heavy drinking in the presence of malnutrition may put the fetus at a further disadvantage to normal development and life. Objectives: To determine the nutritional status of pregnant women in relation to alcohol consumption during pregnancy, and pregnancy outcome. To relate the combined effect of maternal alcohol consumption and nutritional status to pregnancy outcome. Study design: Prospective, longitudinal and cohort. Study population: Pregnant women attending Hanover Park MOU for pre-natal care. They were classified as subjects (heavy drinkers) or controls (light drinkers or abstainers), and 15 pairs were matched according to race, parity and gestational age at the onset of their participation in the study. Methodology: A skilled FARR worker determined the alcohol consumption of the individuals through a validated questionnaire, whilst the investigator gathered the study data blinded to the participants’ alcohol consumption status. The investigator conducted three interviews with the pregnant individuals. Anthropometrical, clinical and biochemical investigations were done and questionnaires completed to determine dietary intake, sociodemographics, health and eating habits. An experienced FARR paediatrician examined the newborns, assessing their anthropometric status, health and the presence of any alcohol-related signs. Results: The nutritional status of the matched subjects and controls did not differ significantly in terms of dietary intake, anthropometric or clinical assessment. There were significant differences between the 2 groups’ serum vitamin A values (p<0.0097). Significant associations were found between the mother and newborn data; specifically energy intake and gestational age at birth (p<0.0083), MUAC and birth weight (p<0.04), and weight gain and weight for age (p<0.0056). The participants’ energy intake also had a significant correlation with their weight gain during pregnancy (r=0.0389, p<0.01). The prevalence of FAS in the total population was 6.67%; a finding that confirms previously reported data in nearby Wellington, Western Cape.49 Conclusion: Some mothers’ good nutritional status did not protect their offspring against alcohol’s teratogenic effects. Nutritional status did have a few statistical significant effects on pregnancy. However, the investigator is of the opinion that the few significant findings were not enough to accept or reject the hypothesis; therefore, making the results inconclusive.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Inleiding: Swaar alkoholgebruik tydens swangerskap is teratogenies.49-51 Vroue se voedingsbehoeftes verhoog met swangerskap.4 Die gevare van swaar alkoholgebruik in die teenwoordigheid van wanvoeding mag die fetus verhoed om normal te ontwikkel en groei. Doelwitte: Om die voedingstatus van swanger vroue te bepaal in verhouding met alkoholgebruik tydens swangerskap, en die swangerskapsuitkoms. Asook om die gekombineerde effek van die moeder se voedingstatus en alkoholgebruik op haar swangerskapsuitkoms te bepaal. Studie-ontwerp: Prospektief, longitudinaal en kohort. Studiepopulasie: Swanger vroue wat Hanover Park MOU besoek vir voorgeboorte sorg. Hulle is of as toetslinge (swaar drinkers) of as kontroles (ligte drinkers of geheelonthouers) geklassifiseer, en 15 pare is gepaar na aanleiding van ras, pariteit en gestasionele ouderdom by die aanvang van deelname aan die studie. Metodologie: ‘n Ervare SAVN lid het die individue se alkoholgebruik bepaal deur middel van ‘n gevalideerde vraelys. Die navorser was geblind vir die individue se alkoholgebruik. Die navorser het drie onderhoude gevoer met elke individu. Antropometriese, kliniese en biochemiese ondersoeke is gedoen. Vraelyste is voltooi om dieetinname, gesondheid, sosiodemografiese en eetgewoonte- inligting te versamel. ‘n Ervare SAVN pediater het alle pasgeborenes ondersoek om hulle antropometriese status, gesondheid en die teenwoordigheid van enige alkohol-verwante tekens te bepaal. Resultate: Die voedingstatus van die gepaarde toets-en kontrolegroepe het nie beduidend verskil in terme van dieetinname, antropometriese of kliniese evaluering nie. Daar was ‘n beduidende verskil tussen die 2 groepe se serum vitamien A vlakke (p<0.0097). Beduidende assosiasies is gevind tussen die moeder en pasgebore se data; naamlike tussen energie-inname en gestasionele ouderdom by geboorte (p<0.0083), bo-armomtrek en geboortegewig (p<0.0056), en gewigstoename tydens swangerskap en die baba se gewig vir ouderdom (p<0.0056). Die deelnemers se energie-inname het ook ‘n beduidende positiewe korrelasie met hul gewigstoename tydens swangerskap gehad (r=0.0389, p<0.01). Die prevalensie van FAS in die totale populasie was 6.67%; wat ook gevind is onlangs in die nabygeleë Wellington, Weskaap.49 Gevolgtrekking: Sommige moeders se goeie voedingstatus het nie hul kinders teen alkohol se teratogeniese effekte beskerm nie. Voedingstatus se effek op swangerskapsuitkoms was statisties beduidend in ‘n paar gevalle. Tog is die navorser van mening dat daar nie genoeg beduidende bewyse is om die nulhipotese te aanvaar of verwerp nie; dus is die gevolgtrekking onopgelos.
2

Rangiah, Julie. "The experiences of pregnant teenagers about their pregnancy." Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/19965.

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Thesis (MCur)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: The alarming rate of teenage pregnancies among South Africans became a driving force for the researcher to investigate this particular phenomenon. The goal of this study was to explore and describe the experiences of pregnant teenagers about their pregnancy. Guided by the research question “ What are the experiences of pregnant teenagers about their pregnancy?” a scientific investigation was undertaken. The objectives set for the study were to determine their experience of their current pregnancy; to determine their knowledge of contraceptives; and to explore their experience regarding the services delivered by the health care workers. A phenomenological descriptive design with a qualitative approach was the most suitable scientific method to describe the experiences of pregnant teenagers who attend an antenatal clinic in Chatsworth, Kwazulu Natal. An interview guide or protocol that includes a list of open-ended questions based on the objectives, the literature review, and the professional experience of the researcher was designed and used to explore during each interview. The final sample consisted of ten participants. Experts in the field of nursing and research methodology were consulted to determine the feasibility and content of the study, to evaluate the research process and outcome. The researcher collected the data personally. Data was collected by means of individual interviews. The researcher did the transcription of the interviews. Ethical approval was obtained from Stellenbosch University and the relevant health authorities. Informed written consent was obtained from the participants. Parental permission was obtained for participants under the age of 18 years. Participants younger than 18 years of age also completed an assent form. Data that emerged from the data analysis was coded and categorised into sub-themes and themes. The researcher compiled a written account of the interpretations that emerged from the data analysis. In addition, member checking was done with each participant after individual interviews, to validate the transcribed data. The conceptual framework for this study was adapted from Maslow (1968). The findings suggest that there is a need for parental intervention as far as teenage pregnancy is concerned, financial difficulties associated with poverty was identified as one of the major contributing factor to teenage pregnancy, and attitudes of providers of contraceptives led to teenagers, not using contraceptives in some cases. It is recommended that services at the clinic be improved; health care workers undergo extensive training and education regarding teenage health and sexuality needs. Furthermore review and revitalisation of education programs at schools, to meet the needs of teenagers, which are constantly changing according to the times, are recommended. The involvement of parents and the community in combating issues surrounding teenage pregnancy is vital. Further research is recommended to find solutions to alleviate this problem of teenage pregnancy. All stakeholders need to work together to remedy this social problem as it is not an issue that can be dealt with in isolation.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Die veronrustende voorkoms van tienerswangerskappe onder Suid-Afrikaners was die motiverende faktor vir die navorser om die studie te onderneem. Die doel van die studie was om die ervaringe van swanger tieners ten opsigte van hul swangerskap te identifiseer en te beskryf. Die wetenskaplike ondersoek is gelei deur die navorsingsvraag, “wat is die ervaringe van swanger tieners betreffende swangerskap?” Die doelwitte vir die studie was om te bepaal: die ervaringe van die huidige swangerskap; kennis betreffende voorbehoedmiddels sowel as die ervaring ten opsigte van die dienste soos gelewer deur die gesondheidswerkers. 'n Fenomenologiese, beskrywende ontwerp met 'n kwalitatiewe benadering is as die mees geskikte wetenskaplike metode beskou om die ervaringe van swanger tieners wie 'n voorgeboorte-kliniek in Chatsworth, KwaZulu-Natal bywoon, te beskryf. Die navorser het gebruik gemaak van 'n vooraf opgestelde onderhoud gids, protokol bestaande uit 'n lys van oop vrae gebaseer op die doelwitte, die literatuuroorsig en die professionele ervaring van die navorser. Die finale steekproef was tien deelnemers. Kundiges op die gebied van verpleging en navorsingsmetodologie is geraadpleeg ten opsigte van die haalbaarheid, inhoud van die studie sowel, as om die proses en uitkoms van die navorsing te evalueer. Die data is persoonlik deur die navorser versamel. Data is ingesamel deur middel van individuele onderhoude. Transkripsie van die onderhoude is deur die navorser self-gedoen. Etiese goedkeuring is vooraf verkry vanaf die Universiteit van Stellenbosch sowel as die betrokke gesondheidsowerhede. Ingeligte skriftelike toestemming is verkry van die deelnemers sowel as van die ouers in geval van minderjaige tieners. Tydens die data-analise is data gekodeer en in temas en sub- temas kategoriseer. 'n Skriftelike verslag is saamgestel ooreenkomstig die interpretasie uit die data-analise. Die navorser het na transkripsie met elke onderskeie deelnemer gekontroleer ten einde geldigheid van die data te verseker. Maslow (1968) se teorie is gebruik as konseptuele raamwerk vir die studie. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat daar 'n behoefte is aan ouerlike tussentrede betreffende tienerswangerskappe. Finansiële probleme in verband met armoede is ïdentifiseer as een van die groot bydraende faktore tot tienerswangerskappe, sowel as dat houdings van diegene wat kontrasepsie verskaf daartoe kan lei dat tieners nie wil gebruik maak van voorbehoedmiddels nie. Dit word aanbeveel dat die dienste by die kliniek moet verbeter; gesondheidswerkers uitgebreide opleiding en onderrig moet kry ten opsigte van tienergesondheid en seksualiteit behoeftes. Hersiening en vernuwing van opvoedkundige programme by skole om in die voortdurende veranderende behoeftes van tieners, te voldoen. Die betrokkenheid van ouers en die gemeenskap in die bestryding van kwessies rondom tienerswangerskappe is noodsaaklik. Verdere navorsing word aanbeveel om oplossings te vind om hierdie probleem van tienerswangerskappe aan te spreek. Alle belanghebbendes moet saamwerk om hierdie sosiale probleem op te los.
3

Thomas, Amy N. "Pregnancy intendedness among a low income population." Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2000. http://etd.wvu.edu/templates/showETD.cfm?recnum=1311.

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4

Romaniuk, D. G. "Dental status of pregnant women in different trimester of pregnancy." Thesis, БДМУ, 2020. http://dspace.bsmu.edu.ua:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/17830.

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5

Macleod, Catriona. "Teenage pregnancy." Springer, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1015906.

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In a book on preventing early pregnancy and poor reproductive outcomes in developing countries, the World Health Organisation (2011) declares that ‘adolescent pregnancy’ contributes to maternal, perinatal and infant mortality, and to a vicious cycle of poverty and ill-health. This statement reflects the common public assumption that ‘teenage pregnancy’ represents an individual, social, health, educational and financial risk that requires remediation. This kind of public perception is spurred by media coverage in which young girls with large protruding stomachs are etched in profile and stories of calamity are told (e.g. Time (21 June 2005) magazine). And yet the very notion of 'teenage pregnancy' is a relatively recent one. Depending on the country one talks about, it has been around since between the 1960s and 1980s. In the United States, for example, the rise of ‘teenage pregnancy’ as a social problem was associated with a shift in gendered power relations. Prior to the late 1960s the morally loaded concepts of 'unwed mother' and 'illegitimate child' were used to describe young women who conceived. For the most part, young pregnant women were excluded from society, with the accompanying shame around the lack of proper conjugal arrangements. The use of the term 'teenage pregnancy' removed the implied moral judgment and replaced it with seeming scientific neutrality. Young pregnant women now became publicly visible and thus the object of scientific scrutiny (Arney & Bergen, 1984).
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Oviedo, Sonia. "Adolescent Pregnancy: Voices Heard in the Everyday Lives of Pregnant Teenagers." Thesis, University of North Texas, 1995. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc279259/.

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The purpose of this study is to examine the problems that pregnant teenagers encounter at school and at home while they are trying to complete their high school education. Data were collected by in-depth interviews. Twenty pregnant adolescents, who were between the ages of 15 through 18, and were participants in a special teen pregnancy program were interviewed. The major findings in this study included the respondents': 1) unstable family life histories, 2) denial that they were pregnant, 3) need for self-identity as an adult, 4) conflict with parents and 5) motivation to complete their high school education. This study points to the need for more research on the problems that pregnant adolescents encounter in their everyday lives.
7

McKeating, Daniel R. "Elemental Metabolomics in Pregnancy." Thesis, Griffith University, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/403231.

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Nutrition is fundamentally important for human health and development; in particular, an adequate supply of macronutrients such as carbohydrates, lipids and proteins as well as specific elements in the form of vitamins and minerals. An insufficient intake of macronutrients or micronutrients leads to poor metabolism and physiological changes associated with a variety of negative health outcomes. Maternal nutrition is perhaps the most important determinant in foetal development in all mammalian species including humans. Additionally, nutrition in pregnancy can have long term effects on the developing infant and has been associated with development of chronic disease later in life. Changes in micronutrient status have been associated with gestational complications such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), preeclampsia (PE), foetal growth restriction (FGR), and preterm birth. Pregnancy disorders such as these are poorly understood despite extensive research, and novel research into this field is desperately required. Recent advancements in technology have allowed the simultaneous measurement of large numbers of elements and metabolites. Currently, we only know how a handful of elements affect pregnancy outcomes, even though many are likely to be essential to human development. This research aimed to determine the elemental nutrition status of pregnant woman and correlate this with (1) weeks gestation, (2) pregnancy health and (3) mechanisms that may contribute to disease, with the ultimate goal of using these values to determine gestational outcomes. This was to be conducted through series of cohort analysis, providing detailed baseline information on micronutrient levels in non-pregnant and pregnant Australians, to then determine if aberrant changes in nutrition are present, and how this may contribute to any disease state. It was critical to establish a means of multi-elemental analysis on ICP-MS that was reproducible and conformed to rigorous quality control standards, ensuring the validity of measurements. This was done through the use of placental cord blood plasma, and in collaboration with an externally accredited laboratory for elemental measurements, ensuring the laboratory facilities and ICP-MS methodologies in place at Griffith University are comparable to a nationally accredited analytical facility. For post method validation, elements within a healthy population had to be determined, to then discern what can be considered abnormal. Elemental reference ranges were established in healthy non-pregnant donors attending the Red Cross Blood Bank (Queensland Red Cross Blood Service). Generally, the levels of elements were comparable to other countries and within published reference ranges. Age was associated with increases in Fe, Se, Cd, Cs, and Pb; whilst Cu, I, and Tl decreased. Sex specific differences included higher levels of Mg, K, Fe, Zn, Se, Rb, Cs, and Pb in males; whilst females had higher concentrations of Co, Cu, As, and Cd. What was interesting, was the varied concentrations of some elements between some regions within the same country, a trend that would be repeated across different studies in this thesis. Having measured the concentrations of elements in a non-pregnant population, it was essential to quantify elements in pregnant women across gestation for comparison and to determine what may be considered normal for gestation. Due to the constant growth and change that is associated with pregnancy, non-pregnant, 18-, 28-, and 36-week pregnant women were tested. There were no signs of elemental deficiencies, or over nutrition in either the non-pregnant or pregnant samples in these studies; nor was there any evidence of pollutants, contaminants, or abnormal levels of heavy metals. It was established that the changes that occur across gestation are extensive, with concentrations varying throughout gestation. However, it appears that there are a number of key factors that may influence these gestational concentrations that need to be considered, namely environmental exposures and collection methods. Further this project then highlighted changes of elements that occurred across gestation, and in pregnancy outcomes such as PE, GDM, FGR, and preterm birth. It assessed the use of elements as a means of predicting gestational outcomes at 18 and 36-weeks, indicating that earlier gestation measurements may provide a better means of discrimination, though validation is required in order to confirm these results. This thesis also evaluated small molecule metabolites and their ability to characterise and differentiate, non-pregnant, healthy pregnant, and poor gestational outcomes, noting significantly better results than elemental analysis. Specifically, in discrimination capabilities with data analysis models, small molecule metabolites outperformed the models constructed based on elements. Although further validation is required before these methods could be applied clinically. Knowledge of the influence of region, collections methods, and time of sample collection were also highlighted through cohorts from across Australia. This thesis proposes the use of a standard operating procedure for elemental and metabolic analysis to ensure the consistency of measurements, aiming to minimise preventable variance in the future.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Medical Science
Griffith Health
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Saewyc, Elizabeth Marie. "Meanings of pregnancy and motherhood among out-of-home pregnant adolescents /." Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/7318.

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Al-Rasasi, Buthaina. "Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy, maternal nutrition and pregnancy outcome." Thesis, University of Surrey, 2003. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/843490/.

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Nausea and vomiting in pregnancy (NVP), which is known to affect nearly 70% of all pregnant women, has been associated with favourable pregnancy outcomes such as decreased risk of miscarriage, low birth weight and premature delivery. The aim of this research was to determine the mechanism by which these protective effects of NVP may be brought about. Women suffering from NVP may decrease their intake due to the symptoms, may increase their intake to alleviate symptoms, or may change the quality of their diet. Both a retrospective questionnaire survey (n=201) and a prospective cohort study (n=52) were carried out between April 1999 and August 2001. Women were recruited mainly from two GP clinics in Guildford. It was found from both studies that the prevalence of NVP in the Guildford area is similar to that reported in other studies. Although this study found no relationship between NVP and birth weight and gestational age, women with NVP had higher cord IGF-1 levels compared to women without NVP (p=0.044). In addition, duration of NVP was inversely related to birthweight to placental ratio (p=0.011). Forty three women provided complete dietary information. It was found that energy intakes did not differ between women who had NVP compared with women who had no NVP, however the quality of diet varied between women with NVP and those without NVP. This is probably due to the fact that women with NVP had a high risk of cravings and aversions in pregnancy, leading to the difference in intake of certain nutrients such as riboflavin, calcium, zinc and copper. The strong association between NVP and aversions in pregnancy (P= 0.026) found in the retrospective study could lend further support to the "Embryo protection" hypothesis, which states that NVP is a protective mechanism, which has evolved to prevent the mother from the ingestion of foods that could be harmful to the fetus. Further studies using larger sample sizes, covering a range of socio-economic status and different regions are needed before definite conclusions can be drawn.
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Heimstad, Runa. "Post-term pregnancy." Doctoral thesis, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Department of Laboratory Medicine, Children's and Women's Health, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:no:ntnu:diva-1925.

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Overtidig svangerskap er å betrakte som et risikosvangerskap. Studier har vist at det ved overtid er økt risiko for død i mors mage og i nyfødtperioden. I mange land settes derfor fødselen i gang en uke etter at terminen er passert, men i Skandinavia er det tradisjon for å la svangerskapet fortsette 2-3 uker etter at terminen er passert. Studier har vist at det å sette fødselen i gang også er forbundet med komplikasjoner for mor og barn. Behandlingen av det ellers ukompliserte overtidige svangerskap er kontroversiell.

Avhandlingen består av 4 delstudier.

I den første studien undersøkte vi hvordan det gikk med mor og barn i forhold til hvilken svangerskapsuke fødselen skjedde. Vi undersøkte også om det var forskjellige resultater for mor og barn om fødselen startet av seg selv eller ble igangsatt. Alle kvinner som fødte etter 37. svangerskapsuke ved St.Olavs Hospital i perioden 1990-2001 ble inkludert. Resultatene viste at komplikasjoner hos mor varierte med svangerskapslengden, og var lavest en uke før termin og høyest når svangerskapet var overtidig. Komplikasjoner for barnet varierte med svangerskapslengde bare hvis fødselen startet av seg selv. Igangsetting av fødsel var en risiko for komplikasjoner uavhengig av svangerskapslengde.

Den andre studien sammenlignet sykelighet hos barna og komplikasjoner hos mor hvis fødselen ble satt i gang en uke over termin eller svangerskapet ble kontrollert hver 3. dag til hun var nesten 3 uker over terminen. Kvinnene trakk lodd om hvilken gruppe de skulle komme i, og til sammen deltok 508 kvinner. Sykeligheten hos barna var den samme i begge grupper. Det var flere raske fødsler i gruppen som fikk fødselen igangsatt, men det var det ingen forskjell på forekomsten av komplikasjoner mellom gruppene. Keisersnittfrekvensen var lav.

Kvinnene som deltok i den andre studien ble intervjuet om sitt syn på overtidig svangerskap når de ble inkludert. Dette ble gjentatt 6-8 måneder etter fødselen, og de ble da også spurt om hvilke erfaringer de hadde gjort seg og hvordan de ønsket å bli fulgt opp i et evt. fremtidig overtidig svangerskap. En uke over termin svarte 74% at de ønsket å få fødselen igangsatt. De fleste (84%) som fikk fødselen igangsatt rapporterte at dette var en positiv opplevelse, og 74% ønsket å bli igangsatt hvis de skulle bli overtidige i et fremtidig svangerskap. Bare 38% av de som kom i ventegruppen ønsket å vente. I gruppen som ble igangsatt var det flere raske fødsler, og kvinnene anga at riene var mer intense og hyppige i denne gruppen sammenlignet med ventegruppen.

I den siste studien så vi på data fra Medisinsk Fødselsregister for alle fødsler etter 41 uker i Norge i perioden 1999-2005. Vi ønsket å studere forekomsten av fosterdød i mors mage og død i tidlig nyfødtperiode og regne ut hvor mange fødsler man måtte sette i gang for eventuelt å unngå 1 dødsfall. Forekomsten av dødsfall var lav, men økte med svangerskapslengden. Ved uke 41 må man sette i gang > 500 fødsler for å unngå 1 dødsfall, ved uke 43 < 200. Hvis vi i Norge skal sette alle fødsler i gang ved 41 uker, vil dette medføre > 14.000 igangsettinger i året.

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Books on the topic "Pregnancy":

1

Preston, Penny. Second pregnancy: Your pregnancy bible. London: Carroll & Brown, 2010.

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Goodwin, Julia. Pregnancy. London: Ward Lock, 1994.

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Bourne, Gordon. Pregnancy. 4th ed. London: Cassell, 1995.

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Teoh, Eng-Soon. Pregnancy. Singapore: Times Books International, 1985.

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Cush, Cathie. Pregnancy. Austin, Tex: Raintree Steck-Vaughn, 1994.

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Sharkey, Harriet. Pregnancy. London: Collins, 2006.

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Compton, Nancy. Student pregnancy. Washington, D.C: NEA Professional Library, National Education Association, 1987.

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XCVII, Aimen. Somebunny's Pregnant: Pregnancy Journal. Independently Published, 2021.

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Publication, Ivy. I Love My Little Turkey: New Pregnancy Planner, Pregnancy Diary, Baby Book, Pregnancy Gift, Pregnancy Milestone, Pregnant Notebook, Pregnancy Announcement. Independently Published, 2021.

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Staff, Journals for All. Pregnant Book: Pregnancy Log Book. Independently Published, 2017.

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Book chapters on the topic "Pregnancy":

1

van Dellen, James. "Pregnancy pregnancy." In Syringomyelia, 231–35. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-13706-8_15.

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Schindler, A. E. "Pregnancy." In Clinical Endocrinology, 675–714. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-70509-0_11.

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Manji, Zain, and Aaron D. Figueroa. "Pregnancy." In Oral Board Review for Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, 459–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48880-2_22.

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Stover, Jean, and Mandy Trolinger. "Pregnancy." In Nutrition in Kidney Disease, 347–55. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44858-5_19.

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Order, Stanley E., and Sarah S. Donaldson. "Pregnancy." In Radiation Therapy of Benign Diseases, 237. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-58719-1_90.

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Kobiela, Jarek, Wojciech Makarewicz, Magdalena Wojanowska, Tomasz Stefaniak, Lukasz Kaska, and A. J. Lachinski. "Pregnancy." In Principles of Metabolic Surgery, 339–45. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-02411-5_28.

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Lichtin, Alan, and Elliot H. Philipson. "Pregnancy." In The Coagulation Consult, 249–69. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-9560-4_17.

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Darby-Stewart, Andrea. "Pregnancy." In Encyclopedia of Women’s Health, 1054–56. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-0-306-48113-0_352.

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Larkins-Pettigrew, Margaret D. "Pregnancy." In Encyclopedia of Immigrant Health, 1220–21. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5659-0_607.

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Steen, Virginia, and Eliza F. Chakravarty. "Pregnancy." In Scleroderma, 547–57. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-5774-0_45.

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Conference papers on the topic "Pregnancy":

1

Farah, Huda Mohamed, Muram Elmubarak Elamin, Rahaf Nader Nader Nader, Rana Said Alabsi, Salma Bouazza Bouabidi, Sara Elgaili Khogali Suleiman, Shahd Mohammad Nasr, Shouq Fahad Al-Rumaihi, Zain Zaki Zakaria, and Maha alasmakh Alasmakh. "Metagenomic Analysis of Oral Microbiome during pregnancy." In Qatar University Annual Research Forum & Exhibition. Qatar University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.29117/quarfe.2021.0135.

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Pregnancy is a dynamic physiological process associated with significant hormonal, immune and metabolic changes to support the growth and development of the fetus. Several studies have highlighted the role of gut microbiota during pregnancy1. The composition of gut microbiota changes dramatically during the course of pregnancy with an increase in Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, a decline in butyrate-producing bacteria and a reduction in bacterial richness at the end of pregnancy2. These modifications were anticipated to favour the increased metabolic demand during pregnancy, which will, in turn, support healthy fetal growth3. Gut microbiota has also been suggested to contribute to weight gain during pregnancy via increased absorption of glucose and fatty acids, induction of catabolic pathways, increased fasting-induced adipocyte factor secretion, and stimulation of the immune system2, 4. The oral cavity houses the second most diverse microbiota after the gut harbouring over 700 species of bacteria. Oral microbiota plays a crucial role in maintaining oral homeostasis, protecting the oral cavity and preventing disease development5. Little is known about the role of the oral microbiome during pregnancy. One study examined changes in oral microbiota during pregnancy on Japanese women and found that the total viable microbial counts were higher during pregnancy, as were levels of the pathogenic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans, and Candida6. Several studies have also found correlations between oral infections and pregnancy complications, further suggesting mechanisms connecting the oral microbiome with the state of pregnancy7. The Qatari Birth Cohort (QbiC) was successfully developed in July 2018 by Qatar Biobank. It is an epidemiological study that aims to assess the synergetic role of environmental exposure and genetic factors in the development of chronic disease. It monitors the health of women throughout their pregnancy and after birth. The present study is designed to explore changes in the salivary microbiome, using high throughput sequencing during pregnancy and to explore key microbial clades involved in pregnancy.
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Amer ABD ALGABAR, Fatima, Batool Abd AL AMEER BAQER, and Lamiaa Saoud ABBOD. "MANUSCRIPT TITLE: A COMPARATIVE STUDY OF SOME VITAL SIGNS OF INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN COVID-19 WITH THOSE OF NON - INFECTED PREGNANT WOMEN." In VII. INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC CONGRESSOF PURE,APPLIEDANDTECHNOLOGICAL SCIENCES. Rimar Academy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress7-2.

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While pregnant, the mother and fetus coexist, which is a unique physiological state.Disruption of maternal-fetal connection leads to diseases of pregnancy and the infant This study aims to present current developments that may help in the early detection of issues, highlight the difficulties in measuring vital signs accurately in pregnancy, and estimate typical ranges for maternal vital signs throughout pregnancy. Additionally, the study focuses on the association between SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and unfavorable pregnancy outcomes. A higher risk of preeclampsia, premature birth, and other unfavorable pregnancy outcomes may be linked to COVID-19. The vital signs of Covid-19-contaminated expectant mothers, particularly respiration, pulse, and temperature, were found to differ significantly at p values of (0.0001*, 0.0001*, and 0.001*). The research demonstrated how Covid 19 affected expectant mothers who were at risk for preeclampsia, stillbirth, premature birth, and NICU hospitalization. It is believed that changes to vital indicators (Heart rate, blood pressure, temperature, oxygen saturation, and respiratory rate)occur both during and right after pregnancy. especially when a pregnant woman contracts the Corona infection. With COVID-19, we seek to synthesize the body of research on changes in vital signs throughout pregnancy so that fresh centile charts could be made for every stage of pregnancy and the first few weeks following delivery.
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Jin, Xingyi. "DOES REVERSE CAUSALITY EXPLAIN THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN DIET AND DEPRESSION？—POSSIBLY RELATED TO DIET'S SUBJECTIVE BEHAVIOR." In London International Conference on Research in Life-Science & Healthcare, 19-20 June 2024. Global Research & Development Services, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.20319/icrlsh.2024.5783.

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Depression can result in changes in eating behavior and decrease the quality of eating. It has been shown that maternal depression during pregnancy can result in malnutrition, which can have adverse effects on the pregnancy and the offspring. There is currently no clear association between depression and diet; (2) Methods: Five hundred and forty-nine pregnant women recruited from Danyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital in Jiangsu Province participated in this study and were administered the Intuitive Eating Scale-2(IES-2), Edinburgh Post-natal Depression Scale (EPDS), Pregnancy Stress Scale (PPS), Self-rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), and Dietary Guidelines Adherence Index for Pregnant Women during Pregnancy (CDGCI-PW). The nutritional software collected dietary records for three consecutive days in mid-pregnancy to calculate dietary intake and nutrients that support energy production. The mediation analyses were conducted using SPSS 24.0 macro PROCESS; (3) Results: The relationship between depressive symptoms during pregnancy and diet quality was moderated primarily by two aspects of eating behavior, “Reliance on Hunger and Satiety Cues” (RHS) and “Body-Food Choice Congruence” (BFC). Depressive symptoms (EPDS scores) showed a negative correlation with RHS, BFC, and RHS, and BFC showed a positive correlation with diet quality, yielding a significant specific indirect effect. the multiple mediation model explained 14.7% of the variance in the diet quality; (4) Conclusions: Individual awareness of depression may influence the causal association between nutrition and depression. This study highlights the important role of eating behaviors during pregnancy in the relationship between depressive symptoms (EPDS scores) and diet quality and provides preliminary evidence for feasible ways pregnant women with depressive symptoms can improve diet quality, promote maternal and child health, and reduce depression.
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KADHIM, Shafq, Osama Q. FADHIL, Zahraa SAAD, and Dhafir QAHTAN. "SAFETY AND MISUSE OF PRESCRIBED MEDICATIONS DURING PREGNANCY." In VI.International Scientific Congress of Pure,Applied and Technological Sciences. Rimar Academy, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.47832/minarcongress6-15.

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The unique nature and physiology of pregnancy represents a challenge for choosing suitable, efficacious and safe drug therapy. Pharmacokinetic of medicines is very complicated during pregnancy as many important physiological changes happen during this period. FDA classifies medicines used in pregnancy into five categories A, B, C, D and X. Category A is considered the safest category while X is absolutely contraindicated in pregnancy. This a descriptive cross-sectional study aimed to demonstrate safety of prescribed drugs and the extent of drug misuse during pregnancy. The results demonstrated that 82% of prescriptions lack the full scientific information and 75% of prescriptions containing drugs fall within C and D categories. Moreover, the results showed that 29% of drugs are category C (most commonly prescribed drug was hyoscin butylbromide), and 14% of drugs are category D (most commonly prescribed drug was phenoparbiton). A high percentage of prescriptions was seen with multiple items that can increase the associated side effects and about 22 % of prescriptions were refilled many times and more than half of this percentage used them without medical consultations; this indicates that many pregnant women may misuse these drugs. From this study we concluded that there is a misuse of medicines during pregnancy and a high percentage of pregnant women have used unsafe medications. Therefore prescribing drugs during this period needs a special care as this issue can be dangerous for mother and her fetus.
5

Costa, Ana Beatriz Mendes, Arthur Pessoa Travassos Vinagre, Catharina Louise Araújo de Oliveira, Emanuel Moreira Marcolino, Hadassa Vilany Luz, Rayonnara Yasmin Silva do Nascimento, Washington Luis Pereira de Lima Filho, and Layza de Souza Chaves Deininger. "The importance of prenatal care in primary health care." In III SEVEN INTERNATIONAL MULTIDISCIPLINARY CONGRESS. Seven Congress, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.56238/seveniiimulti2023-255.

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Prenatal care is an essential follow-up for pregnant women, in order to ensure the healthy development of pregnancy and the birth of a healthy baby, resulting in a greater reduction in maternal and infant mortality rates. The assistance to the pregnant woman and the fetus must always count on a qualified, humanized and hierarchical health team, according to the needs imposed by the pregnancy.
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Fitria, Nurhidaya, and Ida Lestari Tampubolon. "The Effect of Ginger Extract Consumption on Reducing Morning Sickness in First Trimester of Pregnant Women at Pratama Mariana Clinic Medan, North Sumatra." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.44.

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ABSTRACT Background: Nausea and vomiting are common in pregnant women, and the condition may be a mild or severe disabling disease. Nausea and vomiting are common in the early stages of pregnancy, affecting 70-80% of pregnant mothers. In most women, vomiting begins between 4-7 weeks of pregnancy. Nausea and vomiting are usually mild and self-limiting, but some mothers have a deeper course and cause pregnancy vomiting. This study aimed to analyze the effectiveness of ginger extract consumption on reducing morning sickness in first trimester of pregnant women at Pratama Mariana Clinic Medan, North Sumatra. Subject and Method: This was a quasi experiment study with pretest-posttest control group design conducted in Pratama Mariana Clinic, Medan from July to August 2018. A sample of 15 pregnant women. The dependent variable was emesis gravidarum. The independent variable was extract of ginger. The data were collected by observation and analyzed by wilcoxon test. Result: The extract of ginger is effective to reduce nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnancy women after ginger extract was given (Mean= 1.93; SD= 0.26) was higher than before (Mean= 1.20; SD= 0.41), and it was statistically significant (p <0.001). Conclusion: The extract of ginger is effective to reduce nausea and vomiting in first trimester pregnancy women after ginger extract Keywords: Emesis gravidarum, extract of ginger Correspondence: Nurhidaya Fitria. Helvetia Institute of Health, Sumatera Utara. Email: nurhidayafitria@gmail.com. Mobile: 082385317328. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.44
7

Nesbitt, R., AS Azman, VK Asilaza, JK Edwards, P. Nkemenang, P. Gakima, P. Gitahi, et al. "Safety of hepatitis E vaccine in pregnancy: emulating a target trial following a mass reactive vaccination campaign in South Sudan." In MSF Scientific Days International 2024. NYC: MSF-USA, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.57740/wm3ci4j.

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INTRODUCTION Hepatitis E causes high mortality among pregnant women, with case fatality risks over 30% and adverse fetal outcomes. There is an evidence gap on the safety of the only licensed vaccine, Hecolin®, in pregnancy. In 2015, WHO recommended vaccine use in response to outbreaks, including pregnant women. In 2022, the first mass reactive vaccination campaign against Hepatitis E was conducted in Bentiu displaced persons camp in South Sudan. We aimed to determine whether vaccination against hepatitis E in pregnancy increased the risk of fetal loss in a cohort of vaccinated and unvaccinated pregnant women. METHODS An exhaustive pregnancy census was conducted from 16 May 2022 until 30 June 2022 after the second vaccination round, and women were revisited 28 days after delivery date to document the pregnancy outcome. We used an emulated target trial framework to address biases inherent in observational studies. We matched (1:1, with replacement) vaccinated to unvaccinated women on age, gestational age, and vaccination propensity score, and we estimated cumulative incidence functions for fetal loss in vaccinated compared with unvaccinated women using the Nelson-Aalen estimator. RESULTS Among 2741 women who had a pregnancy outcome after the start of the vaccination campaign, 67 (2.4%) were vaccinated before conception, 2036 (74.3%) were vaccinated during pregnancy, and 638 (23.3%) were not vaccinated. Among the 2407 women retained in the matched analyses, the cumulative risk of fetal loss in women vaccinated during pregnancy was 6.38% (95% CI 4.93–7.26) compared with 6.26% (3.9–9.19) among unvaccinated women (risk ratio [RR] 1.02 [95% CI 0.64–1.53]). In an analysis restricted to women vaccinated during pregnancy with less than 90 days gestation, the cumulative risk of miscarriage was 11.01% (95% CI 8.45–13.13) among vaccinated women and 11.62% (6.45–17.09) among unvaccinated women (RR 0.95 [95% CI 0.59–1.66]). In sensitivity analyses, we explored the impact of different matching criteria on the estimated RR and found no qualitative differences with the main analyses, with no evidence of increased risk of fetal loss among vaccinated women. CONCLUSION We used an emulated target trial methodology with matching to simulate a vaccine trial in pregnant women after a reactive vaccination campaign. This robust analytical method simulating a vaccine trial attempts to control for bias inherent in observational data. We found no evidence for increased risk of fetal loss among women vaccinated during pregnancy.
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Handayani, Nanik. "Effectiveness of Acupressure on Reducing of Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnant Women in Independent Midwifery Practice, Sidoarjo, East Java." In The 7th International Conference on Public Health 2020. Masters Program in Public Health, Universitas Sebelas Maret, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.52.

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ABSTRACT Background: During pregnancy, there can be various pregnancy complications, including nausea and vomiting, which is often experienced by pregnant women. This condition is one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy. This nausea and vomiting are physiological. This physiological condition will turn into a pathology if not appropriately treated. This study aimed to analyze the effect of acupressure on reducing nausea and vomiting in pregnant women at the Sidoarjo midwife’s independent practice. Subjects and Method: This study is a quasi-experiment with pre and post-test control group design conducted at Midwife Independent Practice, Sidoarjo from April to September, 2020. The dependent variable was nausea and vomiting. The independent variable was acupressure. The population of all primigravida pregnant women who experience nausea and vomiting. A sample of 40 was divided into 20 given intervention and 20 as control selected by purposive sampling. The data were collected by acupressure SOP and questionnaire with a Score Pregnancy Unique Quantification of Emesis and or Nausea Scoring System (PUQE) assessment. The data were analyzed by Wilcoxon and Mann Whitney. Results: The results showed that acupressure was effective in reducing nausea and vomiting in primigravida pregnant women (OR = 19.00; 95% CI = 2.11 to 5.13; p= 0.009). Conclusion: Acupressure is effective in reducing nausea and vomiting in primigravida pregnant women. Keywords: acupressure, pregnant women, nausea and vomiting Correspondence: Nanik Handayani. Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Universitas Nahdlatul Ulama Surabaya, East Java. Jl. Smea No 57 Surabaya. Email: nanik_handayani@unusa.ac.id. Mobile: 08123278582. DOI: https://doi.org/10.26911/the7thicph.03.52
9

Chagas, Carlos Ricardo, Haroldo Nonato Ferreira de Souza, Gabriela Del Prete Magalhães, Sálua Saud Bedran, and Natascha Carneiro Chagas. "DIAGNOSIS OF BREAST CANCER ASSOCIATED WITH PREGNANCY: A REVIEW OF LITERATURE." In XXIV Congresso Brasileiro de Mastologia. Mastology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.29289/259453942022v32s1025.

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Introduction: The diagnosis of breast cancer in pregnant and postpartum women presents challenges. The clinical management of the breasts during pregnancy and lactation requires knowledge of the physiological changes of the pregnant breast, as well as the correct identification and approach to possible changes. The reluctance of physicians and patients to perform radiographic tests and invasive procedures during this period should be discussed. Objective: The aim of this study was to demonstrate that all breast lesions found in these periods should be carefully evaluated, highlighting the importance of diagnostic evaluation methods, comparing the advantages, disadvantages, and possible false-negative factors of the methods frequently used in clinical practice. Methods: This is a literature review, which uses references found in scientific books on gynecology, obstetrics, and mastology, in addition to the use of the databases Medline, BVS, PubMed, UpToDate, and LILACS, applying to originals and literature reviews written in English, Portuguese, and Spanish. Results: The analysis of diagnostic methods in the context of breast cancer is associated with pregnancy, such as selfexamination, anamnesis and clinical examination, ultrasonography, mammography, evaluation by core biopsy, evaluation by cytology, and evaluation by magnetic resonance imaging, presented as a result of limitations not found in nonpregnant women. The bibliographic study points to the need for individualized monitoring, analysis, and application, taking into consideration a woman’s risk of developing breast cancer during her pregnancy and physiological and morphological changes in the breast. Conclusion: Early diagnosis is not common during pregnancy; consequently, more advanced stages are associated with breast cancer simultaneously to gestation. Therefore, even in pregnancy, any suspicion of breast lesion must undergo evaluation. Pregnant and postpartum women should have clinical breast examinations as a routine, making patients and health staff aware of their importance in the pregnancy-puerperal cycle. Advice about the self-examination, request for ultrasound, mammography, and biopsy is necessary.
10

English, Faith, and Devon Greyson. ""You still have that fear": Policy constraints on informed decision making about legalized cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation." In 2022 Annual Scientific Meeting of the Research Society on Marijuana. Research Society on Marijuana, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.26828/cannabis.2022.02.000.46.

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Background: Cannabis is the most commonly used drug during pregnancy in the United States and use during pregnancy is increasing along with greater legal and social acceptance. Methods: We conducted a qualitative content analysis of 23 in-depth interviews with pregnant and lactating people in Massachusetts, a state that legalized cannabis for adult use in 2016. Our aim was to explore how policy constrains or facilitates people’s ability to make informed decisions about cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation. Our analysis was conducted using an ecosocial approach, recognizing that the implementation and interpretation of cannabis policy can be understood at multiple levels, which interact with each other and shape the health and experiences of individuals. Additionally, this analysis was informed by a harm reduction approach in which we acknowledge the complexity surrounding cannabis use during pregnancy and lactation, while attempting to identify ways to reduce potentially harmful consequences. Results: Findings revealed that, despite the legal status of cannabis, there continues to be a lack of clarity for pregnant and lactating people regarding the legal implications of cannabis use. Inconsistent state and institutional policies about drug testing of mothers and newborns leave a cloud of fear hanging over the experiences of cannabis users and inhibit their ability to obtain expert advice from healthcare providers. Conclusion: Decision makers in public and institutional policy should work to clarify and update policies regarding substance use during pregnancy following legalization of a new substance, and ensure that pregnant and lactating people are afforded the same legal protections as the general population.

Reports on the topic "Pregnancy":

1

Walton, S., C. Dezateux, N. Foster, P. Brocklehurst, S. Burgess, D. Colson, and P. EliasX. Life Study Pregnancy Component: Mother pregnancy visit questionnaire. Life Course Epidemiology and Biostatistics/ UCL Institute of Child Health, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.14324/000.wp.1485674.

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Gerrard, Meg. Antecedents of Pregnancy and Pregnancy Attrition in First Term Women Marines. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, November 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada216868.

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Hart-Johnson, Tamera. Pregnancy Outcomes: A Study Testing a Model for Predicting Health Outcomes in Pregnancy. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.7253.

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KHADIKOVA, R. A., and V. V. ILCHENKO. INDIVIDUAL-PSYCHOLOGICAL FEATURES OF WOMEN WITH A DIFFERENT TYPE OF ATTITUDE TO PREGNANCY. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, April 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2022-13-2-2-116-120.

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Abstract:
The article describes the results of the empirical study of the individual psychological characteristics of women with different types of attitudes to pregnancy. The predominant types of the psychological component of the gestational dominant were revealed. Correlation links between the type of attitude to pregnancy and the individual psychological characteristics of pregnant women were also described.
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Coast, Ernestina, and Susan Murray. Pregnancy termination trajectories in Zambia. Unknown, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.35648/20.500.12413/11781/ii133.

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Minick, Jennifer A., L. R. Totir, Doyle E. Wilson, and Rohan L. Fernando. Pregnancy rate in Angus heifers. Ames (Iowa): Iowa State University, January 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/ans_air-180814-505.

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Shinohara, Kazuaki, Jiro Okazaki, Hideyuki Yokoyama, Yoshibumi Kumada, and Akinori Matsumoto. Traffic Accident Injury During Pregnancy. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, May 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0064.

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Hart, Mark. Serial cardiovascular adaptations during pregnancy. Portland State University Library, January 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.5011.

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9

Wibawa, Tasha, ed. Special Report: Pregnancy and choice. Monash University, July 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.54377/3079-c529.

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Gagnon, Marie-Pierre. Does training traditional birth attendants improve pregnancy outcomes? SUPPORT, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.30846/1702122.

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Traditional birth attendants (TBAs) who assist women are common in low-income countries. Providing formal training to untrained TBAs or additional training on specific tasks could improve care for pregnant women and pregnancy outcomes. Training programmes can differ considerably, making it difficult to make clear distinctions between initial training and additional training that are applicable across different settings.

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